Earl of Norfolk
Encyclopedia
Earl of Norfolk is a title which has been created several times in the Peerage
of England. Created in 1070, the first major dynasty to hold the title was the 12th and 13th century Bigod family
, and it then was later held by the Mowbray
s, who were also made Dukes of Norfolk
. Due to the Bigods' descent in the female line from William Marshal, they inherited the hereditary office of Earl Marshal
, still held by the Dukes of Norfolk today. The present title was created in 1644 for Thomas Howard, 18th Earl of Arundel, the heir of the Howard Dukedom of Norfolk which had been forfeit in 1572. Arundel's grandson, the 20th Earl of Arundel and 3rd Earl of Norfolk, was restored to the Dukedom as 5th Duke upon the Restoration
in 1660, and the title continues to be borne by the Dukes of Norfolk.
For later Earls of Norfolk, see Duke of Norfolk
.
Peerage
The Peerage is a legal system of largely hereditary titles in the United Kingdom, which constitute the ranks of British nobility and is part of the British honours system...
of England. Created in 1070, the first major dynasty to hold the title was the 12th and 13th century Bigod family
Bigod family
The Bigod family was a medieval Norman family, the second Earls of Norfolk, the first being Ralph de Guader.-Succession:*Maximilian Falconer, father of the true 1st Earl...
, and it then was later held by the Mowbray
Mowbray
Mowbray is an Anglo-Norman baronial house, derived from Montbrai in Normandy. From this village came Geoffrey de Montbrai who came to be Bishop of Coutances and accompanied Duke William of Normandy at the Conquest of England in 1066....
s, who were also made Dukes of Norfolk
Duke of Norfolk
The Duke of Norfolk is the premier duke in the peerage of England, and also, as Earl of Arundel, the premier earl. The Duke of Norfolk is, moreover, the Earl Marshal and hereditary Marshal of England. The seat of the Duke of Norfolk is Arundel Castle in Sussex, although the title refers to the...
. Due to the Bigods' descent in the female line from William Marshal, they inherited the hereditary office of Earl Marshal
Earl Marshal
Earl Marshal is a hereditary royal officeholder and chivalric title under the sovereign of the United Kingdom used in England...
, still held by the Dukes of Norfolk today. The present title was created in 1644 for Thomas Howard, 18th Earl of Arundel, the heir of the Howard Dukedom of Norfolk which had been forfeit in 1572. Arundel's grandson, the 20th Earl of Arundel and 3rd Earl of Norfolk, was restored to the Dukedom as 5th Duke upon the Restoration
English Restoration
The Restoration of the English monarchy began in 1660 when the English, Scottish and Irish monarchies were all restored under Charles II after the Interregnum that followed the Wars of the Three Kingdoms...
in 1660, and the title continues to be borne by the Dukes of Norfolk.
Earls of Norfolk (and Suffolk), first creation
- Ralph the StallerRalph the StallerRalph the Staller was a landowner in both Anglo-Saxon and post-Conquest England.He is said to have been born in Norfolk of Breton parentage. He held the military post of staller, roughly equivalent to the continental constable, under King Edward the Confessor...
, 1st Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk (c.1011–1068) - Ralph de GuaderRalph de GuaderRalph de Gael was the Earl of East Anglia and Lord of Gaël and Montfort...
, 2nd Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk (c.1040–c.1096) (forfeit 1074)
Earls of Norfolk, second creation (1141)
- Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of NorfolkHugh Bigod, 1st Earl of NorfolkHugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk was born in Belvoir Castle, Leicestershire, England.He was the second son of Roger Bigod , Sheriff of Norfolk, who founded the Bigod name in England...
(1095–1177) - Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of NorfolkRoger Bigod, 2nd Earl of NorfolkRoger Bigod was the son of Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk and his first wife, Juliana de Vere. Although his father died 1176 or 1177, Roger did not succeed to the earldom of Norfolk until 1189 for his claim had been disputed by his stepmother for her sons by Earl Hugh in the reign of Henry II...
(d. 1221) 1 - Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of NorfolkHugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of NorfolkHugh Bigod was the eldest son of Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk, and for a short time the 3rd Earl of Norfolk.In 1215 he was one of the twenty-five sureties of Magna Carta of King John...
(d. 1225) - Roger Bigod, 4th Earl of NorfolkRoger Bigod, 4th Earl of NorfolkRoger Bigod was 4th Earl of Norfolk and Marshal of England.He was the son of Hugh Bigod, and Matilda, a daughter of William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke and Marshal of England. After the death of his father in 1225 Roger became the ward of William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury...
(d. 1270) - Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of NorfolkRoger Bigod, 5th Earl of NorfolkRoger Bigod was 5th Earl of Norfolk.He was the son of Hugh Bigod , and succeeded his uncle, Roger Bigod, 4th Earl of Norfolk as earl in 1270....
(d. 1306)
Earls of Norfolk, third creation (1312)
- Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of NorfolkThomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of NorfolkThomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk, Lord Marshal of England was the son of Edward I of England and Margaret of France.-Early life:...
(d. 1338) - Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk, 2nd Countess of Norfolk (d. 1399)
- Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, 3rd Earl of NorfolkThomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of NorfolkThomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, KG, Lord Marshal and Earl Marshal was an English nobleman.-Life:...
(1365–1399) (dukedom forfeit 1399) - Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of NorfolkThomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of NorfolkThomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk, 2nd Earl of Nottingham, 8th Baron Segrave, 7th Baron Mowbray , English nobleman and rebel, was the son of Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk and Lady Elizabeth FitzAlan....
(1385–1405) - John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of NorfolkJohn de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of NorfolkSir John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk, 9th Baron Segrave, 8th Baron Mowbray KG, Earl Marshal was an English nobleman....
(1392–1432) (dukedom restored 1425) - John de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of NorfolkJohn de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of NorfolkSir John de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk KG, Earl Marshal was an important player in the Wars of the Roses.He was the son of John Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk and Lady Katherine Neville...
(1415–1461) - John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of NorfolkJohn de Mowbray, 4th Duke of NorfolkJohn de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk, KG , known as 1st Earl of Surrey between 1451 and 1461, was the only son of John de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk and Eleanor Bourchier. His maternal grandparents were William Bourchier, Count of Eu and Anne of Gloucester.In 1451 the earldom of Surrey was...
(1444–1476) (dukedom abeyant 1476) - Anne de Mowbray, 8th Countess of NorfolkAnne de Mowbray, 8th Countess of NorfolkAnne de Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk, later Duchess of York and Duchess of Norfolk was the child bride of Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York, one of the Princes in the Tower...
(1472–1481)
Earls of Norfolk, fourth creation (1477)
- Richard, Duke of YorkRichard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of YorkRichard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York, 1st Duke of Norfolk, 1st Earl of Norfolk, Earl Marshal was the sixth child and second son of King Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Woodville. He was born in Shrewsbury....
(1473–1483)
Earls of Norfolk, fifth creation (1644)
- Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of NorfolkThomas Howard, 21st Earl of ArundelThomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel KG, was a prominent English courtier during the reigns of King James I and King Charles I, but he made his name as a Grand Tourist and art collector rather than as a politician. When he died he possessed 700 paintings, along with large collections of sculpture,...
(1585–1646) - Henry Frederick Howard, 2nd Earl of Norfolk (1608–1652)
- Thomas Howard, 5th Duke of NorfolkThomas Howard, 5th Duke of NorfolkThomas Howard, 5th Duke of Norfolk was an English noble.He was born to Henry Frederick Howard, 22nd Earl of Arundel and Lady Elizabeth Stuart. The dukedom of Norfolk was recreated and given to him in 1660. The 5th Duke was considered mentally deficient and never married...
(dukedom restored 1660)
For later Earls of Norfolk, see Duke of Norfolk
Duke of Norfolk
The Duke of Norfolk is the premier duke in the peerage of England, and also, as Earl of Arundel, the premier earl. The Duke of Norfolk is, moreover, the Earl Marshal and hereditary Marshal of England. The seat of the Duke of Norfolk is Arundel Castle in Sussex, although the title refers to the...
.