Jaipur
Encyclopedia
Jaipur ˈdʒəjpʊɾ, also popularly known as the Pink City, is the capital and largest city of the India
n state
of Rajasthan
. Founded on 18 November 1727 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II, the ruler of Amber, the city today has a population of more than 3.1 million.
Jaipur is one of the finest planned cities of India
, located in the semi-desert lands of Rajasthan
. The city which once had been the capital of the royalty now is the capital city of Rajasthan. The very structure of Jaipur resembles the taste of the Rajputs and the Royal families. At present, Jaipur is a major business centre with all requisites of a metropolitan city.
The city is remarkable among pre-modern Indian cities for the width and regularity of its streets which are laid out into six sectors separated by broad streets 111 ft (34 m) wide. The urban quarters are further divided by networks of gridded streets. Five quarters wrap around the east, south, and west sides of a central palace quarter, with a sixth quarter immediately to the east. The Palace quarter encloses a sprawling palace complex, (Hawa Mahal
), formal gardens, and a small lake. Nahargarh Fort
, which was the residence of the King Sawai Jai Singh II, crowns the hill in the northwest corner of the old city. The observatory, Jantar Mantar
, is one of the World Heritage Site
s. Jaipur is a popular tourist destination in Rajasthan
and India
.
In ancient time Jaipur region comes under Matsya Kingdom
.
Modern Jaipur was founded in 1727 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II
who ruled from 1699–1744 and initially his capital was Amber, which lies at a distance of 11 km from Jaipur. He felt the need of shifting his capital city with the increase in population and growing scarcity of water. The King consulted several books on architecture and architects before making the layout of Jaipur. Finally under the architectural guidance of Vidyadhar Bhattacharya
, (initially an accounts-clerk in the Amber
treasury and later promoted to the office of Chief Architect by the King) Jaipur came into existence on the classical basis of principles of Vastu Shastra
and similar classical treatise.
After waging several battles with the Marathas
, Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II was keen on the security aspect of the city. Being a lover of astronomy
, mathematics
and astrophysics
, Jai Singh sought advice from Vidyadhar Bhattacharya, a Brahmin scholar of Bengal, to aid him to design many other buildings including the Royal Palace in the center of the city.
The construction of the city started in 1727. It took around 4 years to complete the major palaces, roads and square. The city was built following the principles of Shilpa Shastra, the science of Indian Architecture
. The city was divided into nine blocks, of which two consist the state buildings and palaces, with the remaining seven allotted to the public. Huge fortification walls were built along with seven strong gates.
For the time, architecture of the town was very advanced and certainly the best in Indian subcontinent
. In 1876, when the Prince of Wales
visited Jaipur, the whole city was painted pink to welcome him during the regime of Sawai Ram Singh. Today, avenues remain painted in pink, provide a distinctive appearance to the city. In the 19th century the city grew rapidly; by 1900 it had a population of 160,000. The city's wide boulevards were paved and lit.
The city had several hospitals. Its chief industries were of metals and marble
, fostered by a school of art (named as 'Madarsa Hunree') founded in 1868. The city also had three colleges, including a Sanskrit
college (1865) and a girls' school (1867) initiated under the reign of the enigmatic Maharaja Sawai Ram Singh II. There was also a wealthy and enterprising community of native bankers, particularly the Jain, Marwaris
and the administrators Rawana rajput. Maharaja Sawai Bhawani Singh , the member of the erstwhile maharaja family of Jaipur, died on April 17, 2011 at a private hospital in Gurgaon following multi-organ failure.
which is situated in the eastern part of Rajasthan
. It is located at 26.92°N 75.82°E. It has an average elevation of 431 metres (1417 ft).
The major rivers passing through the Jaipur district are Banas and Banganga. Ground water resources to the extent of about 28.65 million cubic meter are available in the district. Although serious drought is rare, poor water management and exploitation of groundwater with extensive tube-well systems threatens agriculture in some areas.
BSh) receiving over 650 millimetres (25.6 in) of rainfall annually but most rains occur in the monsoon months between June and September. Temperatures remain relatively high throughout the year, with the summer months of April to early July having average daily temperatures of around 30 °C (86 °F). During the monsoon there are frequent, heavy rains and thunderstorms, but flooding is not common. The winter months of November to February are mild and pleasant, with average temperatures ranging from 15–18 °C (59–64.4 F) and with little or no humidity. There are however occasional cold waves that lead to temperatures near freezing.
Jaipur is considered by many urbanites
to be one of the best planned cities. In an era when most of the Rajput
s were busy fighting with each other, Jaipur's kings diplomatically broadened their control sphere maintaining good relations with the Mughals
.
The city was planned according to Indian Vastu Shastra (Vedic Planning for the comfort and prosperity of the citizens). The directions of each street and market are East to West and North to South. The Eastern gate is called Suraj (Sun) Pol, while the Western gate is called Chand (Moon) Pol. There are three gates facing East, West, and North and a Northern gate (known as Zorawar Singh gate) which faces toward the ancestral capital of Amber, while many gates face South.
Although the present city has expanded from outside of its walls, the original planning was within the walls. The gates used to be closed at sunset and opened at sunrise. Almost all Northern Indian towns of that period presented a chaotic picture of narrow twisting lanes, a confusion of run-down forts, temples, palaces, and temporary shacks that bore no resemblance at all to the principles set out in Hindu architectural manuals which call for strict geometric planning. Thus, for Sawai Jai Singh II and the Bengali
advisor Vidyadhar, the founding of Jaipur was also a ritual
and a great opportunity to plan a whole town according to the principles of Hindu architectural theory.
The town of Jaipur is built in the form of an eight-part Mandala
known as the 'Pithapada'. Nine signifies the nine planets of the ancient astrological zodiac
. It is well known that Sawai Jai Singh II was a great astronomer and a town planner, and hence the 'Pithapada'. Also, the commercial shops are designed in multiples of nine (27), having one cross street for a planet
.
(INC) with Ashok Gehlot
emerging as the Chief Minister
of Rajasthan
. The INC had won only 2 of 14 parliament elections
in the past. Currently Mahesh Joshi is the MP
from Jaipur. Previously, Girdhari Lal Bhargava of BJP
was the MP from Jaipur, who won for the first time in 1989 and has been elected six times since then.
Jaipur Districts has 19 constituencies for electing MLA (Member of Legislative Assembly) of Rajasthan
, namely Shahpura, Chaksu, Bassi, Bagru, Sanganer
, Malviya Nagar
, Adarsh Nagar, Kishanpole, Civil Lines, Vidhyadhar Nagar, Hawa Mahal, Jamwa Ramgarh
, Amber or Amer, Banipark, Dudu, Phulera, Chomu, Virat Nagar and Kotputli. Banipark is the largest among these constituencies. Rajasthan's stalwart Bhairon Singh Shekhawat
has also has been elected the Chief Minister
of Rajasthan thrice.
Jyoti Khandelwal is the new Mayor of Jaipur Municipal Corporation
(JMC). Totally, there are 70 seats for Vidhan Parishad in Jaipur District. Mr. B.L. Soni is the first Police Commissioner of Jaipur.
and in another poll it was ranked third among twelve major Indian cities.
Modern infrastructural facilities are developing fast, and in many cases surpass those of larger cities like Delhi
and Kolkata
. The city is expanding very quickly and has become a hot spot for development in Rajasthan
. Jaipur International Airport
is located at a satellite location of Sanganer
and offer's flights to Delhi
, Mumbai
, Ahmedabad
, Bangalore
, Kolkata and Guwahati
along with sporadic services to International locations such as Dubai
.
Jaipur has a well maintained road network with multi-story flyovers and traffic lights with closed circuit cameras
. Police control room (PCR) vans are being equipped with GPS to monitor locations and help maintain law and order.
Jaipur boasts of International Living standards with well planned colonies of grid like patterns (sectors and blocks) and parks well maintained by JDA (Jaipur Development Authority). The various Shopping malls and Multiplexes which offer an urban lifestyle to Jaipurites.
Sawai Mansingh Cricket stadium
in Jaipur is a popular venue for many International matches and for Indian Premier League
matches.
Events like Jaipur Jewelry Show and Jaipur Literature Festival
offer a common platform for people not only from India but from other countries also, giving Jaipur a cosmopolitan image.
Sawai Mansingh Hospital, SDMH (Durlabhji Hospital) and Fortis Hospital are among the most famed hospitals of Jaipur. Apart from these, there are more than 40 small and mid sized hospitals in the city.
Old city of Jaipur is highly congested, whereas suburbs of Jaipur provide wide roads with free flow of traffic. Tech Park has already became operational, built by Mahindra Group and is expected to complete by 2011.
, ball bearings, bottling of LPG, ceramics, pottery, cold roll strips, corrugated boxes, deoiled cakes, durries, dyeing and printing, edible oil, electronic items, engraving on brass items, ferrous and non-ferrous castings, gems and jewelry, general engineering and manufacturing, granite
slabs and tiles, hand-made paper, handicraft items, halogen
automobile headlamps, "hawai" chappals (sandals), household electrical appliances, HT steel strips, iodized salt
, lamps, laminated springs for railways, marble statues, marble tiles & slabs, moulded plastic components for electronics, nitrochlorobenzene
, oxygen gas, perfumes, pigments, plastic containers, P.P. multifilament yarn, PVC
cables, PVC doors, PVC footwear, canvas shoes, Portland cement
, ready made garments (clothing), re-roller products, semolina
(suji), steel furniture, steel ingots, stone grits, synthetic leather, suits & shirts made of synthetic materials, tablets and capsules, two way radio and line, washing soap, wheat, woolen carpets, refined vegetable oil and vanaspati ghee
heavy Steel fabrication, brass and lacquer work, enamel work, gems and jewelery, granite tiles, handlooms, printed cloth and textiles, ready made garments, woolen and silk carpets.
Jaipur has been ranked 31 among the 50 Emerging Global Outsourcing cities. Genpact
and Infosys
have their BPO already established and running successfully. In fact Genpact has the fastest growing location in Jaipur. Real Estate business is flourishing well from last 2–3 years. Some of the companies already present here include MICO, Coca Cola, IBM, Ericsson and NEI, popularly known as NBC Bearings. Zuberi Engineering Company is situated in Jaipur near MI Road.
Jaipur also has Reserve bank of India and many other prominent international banks. India's largest integrated IT SEZ Mahindra World City is located in Jaipur. Master planned by Jurong Constructions Singapore it covers nearly 3000 acres (12.1 km²) of land off Ajmer highway and has already attracted major companies like Infosys
, TCS
, Wipro
, Tech Mahindra
, ISYS BPO Services, Truworth and Deutsche Bank
. India's one of a kind World Trade Park is also under construction in Malaviya Nagar
. It will be having a luxury hotel, business halls and many showrooms of international brands. In coming years it is projected to become a hub for modern business development in Jaipur.
Number of large and medium scale running units: 48
Number of small scale units: 19,544
Number of industrial areas: 19 (Bagru
, Bassi, Bais Godam, Bindyaka, Dudu, Hirawala, Jetpura, Jhotwara, Kaladera, Kanakpura, Kartarpura, Malviya Nagar
, Phulera
, Renwal, Sanganer
, Shahpura, Sitapura, Sudarshanpur and Vishwakarma).
Jaipur is soon planned to have an International Convention Centre and a Golf course. A film city near Agra highway is also in the pipeline.
. Lots of people flock to Jaipur to view the various forts and monuments in Jaipur which reflect its glorious past. Tourism is a significant part of Jaipur's economy. Some of the world's best hotels are located here. Major facilities and infrastructure development are expected to increase the number of tourists visiting Jaipur. The city provides opportunities for niche tourism like Dental tourism
. Tourism contributes a significant amount to Jaipur's income.
, Amber Fort
, Jaigarh Fort
, Nahargarh Fort
, City Palace
, Jantar Mantar
, Jal Mahal
, Rambagh Palace
, Central Museum, (Albert Hall Museum
)
. Some of the famous temples in Jaipur include Govind Dev Ji Temple
, Galtaji
, ( Lakshmi Narayan Mandir) commanly known as Birla Temple
), Garh Ganesh Temple
, Shila Devi Temple in Amber, Tadkeshwara Mahadev, Panchayati Hall
,Radha Govind Ji Temple. The All Saint's Church near Mirza Ismail Road built more than 130 years ago by the rulers of Jaipur for the small Christian population is an excellent example of the high quality of workmanship during that period.
, Sisodia Rani Garden and Palace
, Vidyadhar Garden, Kanak Vrindavan, Central Park, Jawahar Circle Garden, Technology Park in Mansarover, Vidyadhar ka Bagh in Goner.
Other places of interest include Chand Baori
(stepwell), Chokhi Dhani
(a village resort), Kathputhli slum
a Jaipur slum, Raj Mandir Cinema
(a beautiful cinema hall).
. Muslims and Jains
also form a sizable chunk of the population.
Hindu
population accounts for 78%, Muslim
17%, Christians 0.5%, Sikhs 0.5%, Jains
4%.While 47.49% people lived in rural areas, 52.51% lived in urban areas. The overall literacy rate for the district was 76.44%. 87.27% males and 64.63% females were literate. The sex ratio was 909 (females per 1000 males).
Hindi
and Rajasthani
are the most common language for communication. English
, Punjabi
, Sindhi
are also widely spoken.According to National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) report of 2009, Jaipur ranks 3rd in the list of 35 Indian cities with a population of more than 10 lakh in the crime rate. City's main jail is Jaipur Central Jail.
Jaipur is a hotspot for culture. Cultural Centres like Jawahar Kala Kendra
and Ravindra Manch have helped promote the unique culture of the state of Rajasthan
. Albert Hall Museum (Government Central Museum) hosts several arts and antiquities. There is a Government Museum at Hawa Mahal
, an art gallery at Viratnagar. Jaipur also hosts the Numismatic Section, Directorate. The Town Hall (Old Vidhan Sabha Bhawan) is slated to be converted into a museum. There are figurines depicting various forms of Rajasthani culture along various parts of the city. The city also decorated its flyovers with different interesting themes.
and Sculpture
; Tarkashi
; Zari
, Gota
, Kinari
and Zardozi
; Silver Jewellery; Gems
, Kundan
, Meenakari
and Jewellery
; Miniature paintings
; Blue Pottery
; Ivory carving
; Shellac work
; Leatherware
, etc.
is a notable example. Others include Tamasha
. Sweet dishes include Ghevar
, Feeni, Chauguni ke laddu, Moong Thal.
, Jaipur Literature Festival
, Kite
festival, Teej
festival, Shitla Mata Fair, Chaksu
Fair, Elephant Fair.
, shooting
, golf
, cricket
, tennis
, badminton
and kabaddi
are the most popular sports in the city. Sawai Mansingh Stadium
having a seating capacity
of 30,000 has hosted many national and international cricket matches. Besides cricket, the sports complex has excellent sports facilities for various indoor and outdoor sports. Many international badminton and tennis tournaments have happened here. The city is also represented in the IPL
by the team Rajasthan Royals
. The Polo Club
caters to Polo lovers and permits free entrance to public spectators during the polo season. The JDA Shooting Ranges at Jagatpura provide world class facilities for Air Gun, Trap and Skeet Shooting and are open to public. The Rambagh Golf Club, located next to the Rambagh Palace and the Polo Club is open to public for playing golf. Jai Club and other clubs throughout city provide facilities for other sports. Most of the schools have excellent sports facilities for ball games such as cricket, football, tennis, basketball, hockey, etc.
) Jaipur National University and Suresh Gyanvihar University are one of the best technical institutes in India. The city is also home to more than 250 schools affiliated with CBSE and ICSE
, Prominent amongst them are the Bhartiya Vidya Bhavan's Vidyashram, Maharaja Sawai Man Singh Vidyala, Maharani Gaytri Devi School, Army Public School, Seedling School, St. Xavier's School, Step by Step, Maheshwari Public School, Maheshwari girls public school etc.
Jaipur is broadcast both on the Medium Wave and FM bands in the city. It competes with six private local FM stations—Radio Mirchi
(98.3 MHz), Radio City
(91.1 MHz), My FM (94.3 MHz), Radio Tadka 95 FM (95.0 MHz), Gyan Vaani (105.6 MHz) and South Asia FM (Red FM
) (93.5 MHz). The city also has a community FM channel in FM Radio 7 by India International School Institutional Network. The public broadcaster Doordarshan
(Prasar Bharati
) provides a regional channel besides the mainstay channels. DTH is gaining popularity over private cable operators for television viewing. The city's telephone services are provided by landline and mobile operators such as BSNL, Reliance
CDMA & Reliance GSM, Airtel, MTS, Uninor
, Tata Docomo
, Aircel
, Vodafone
, Idea
and Tata Indicom
.
to Mumbai
, National Highway No.12 links to Kota
and National Highway No.11
links Bikaner to Agra
, passing through Jaipur district with a total length of 366 km. The total length of different types of roads in the district was approximately 4,102 km in March 2000.RSRTC operates bus service to all the parts of Rajasthan
and New delhi
, Uttar pradesh
, Haryana
, Madhya pradesh
, Gujarat.Bus service is operated from Sindhi camp
, Jawahar nagar bus stand, Durgapura bus stand, Sodala bus stand.
under JNNURM. The total number of city buses being operated stands more than 300. It includes both regular buses and low-floor buses. There are 3 bus depots Vaishali Nagar, vidyadhar nagar and Sanganer
.The city bus service covers whole city.AC Low floor buses are also operated by JCTCL. A Hop on Hop off Bus Service is also proposed for tourists.
A section of North-South Corridor from C-Zone Bypass near Harmada to Pani Pech became operational in 2010.
, and the Jaipur Division of the North Western Railway. Jaipur Railway Station
was a railway station with metre gauge lines, which has mostly been converted to broad gauge under Project Unigauge of the Indian Railways (1988 to 1995). It has direct trains on the broad gauge
network to all major cities in Rajasthan and India such as Delhi
, Mumbai
, Kolkata
, Chennai
, Kota
, Hyderabad, Bangalore
, Gandhinagar, Kochi
, Pune
, Indore
, Bhopal, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Nagpur
, Raipur, Lucknow
, Kanpur, Varanasi
, Patna
, Trivendrum etc. and metre gauge
network to Sri Ganganagar, Churu
and Sikar
. One of India's most famous and luxurious trains The Palace on Wheels
, also makes a scheduled stop in Jaipur.
is under progress. It will provide means of faster commutation for the city residents. It is expected to be operational by 2014.
is situated in its satellite town of Sanganer
, at a distance of 10 km from city center and offers sporadic service to major domestic and international locations. The Terminal 1 is used for both international and domestic flights, while Terminal 2 is reserved for domestic carriers. The airport handled 255,704 international and 1,267,876 passengers in 2009-2010. Jaipur Airport also provides air cargo services. The up-gradation of airport has offered improved connectivity and wider choice of services to air travellers, boosting both international tourism and economic development of the region. Frequently, during winter, many flights for Indira Gandhi International Airport
are diverted to Jaipur airport due to heavy fog in Delhi
.
, California
, United States
since 1993 Calgary
, Alberta
, Canada
since 1973 Lagos
, Nigeria
Paris
, France
Bharat singh
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
n state
States and territories of India
India is a federal union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. The states and territories are further subdivided into districts and so on.-List of states and territories:...
of Rajasthan
Rajasthan
Rājasthān the land of Rajasthanis, , is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It is located in the northwest of India. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with...
. Founded on 18 November 1727 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II, the ruler of Amber, the city today has a population of more than 3.1 million.
Jaipur is one of the finest planned cities of India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
, located in the semi-desert lands of Rajasthan
Rajasthan
Rājasthān the land of Rajasthanis, , is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It is located in the northwest of India. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with...
. The city which once had been the capital of the royalty now is the capital city of Rajasthan. The very structure of Jaipur resembles the taste of the Rajputs and the Royal families. At present, Jaipur is a major business centre with all requisites of a metropolitan city.
The city is remarkable among pre-modern Indian cities for the width and regularity of its streets which are laid out into six sectors separated by broad streets 111 ft (34 m) wide. The urban quarters are further divided by networks of gridded streets. Five quarters wrap around the east, south, and west sides of a central palace quarter, with a sixth quarter immediately to the east. The Palace quarter encloses a sprawling palace complex, (Hawa Mahal
Hawa Mahal
Hawa Mahal , is a palace in Jaipur, India. It was built in 1799 by Maharaja Sawai Pratap Singh, and designed by Lal Chand Ustad in the form of the crown of Krishna, the Hindu god...
), formal gardens, and a small lake. Nahargarh Fort
Nahargarh Fort
Nahargarh Fort stands on the edge of the Aravalli Hills, overlooking the pinkest city of Jaipur in the Indian state of Rajasthan. The view of the city from the fort is breath taking. Along with Amber Fort and Jaigarh Fort it formed a strong defence ring for the city...
, which was the residence of the King Sawai Jai Singh II, crowns the hill in the northwest corner of the old city. The observatory, Jantar Mantar
Jantar Mantar (Jaipur)
The Jantar Mantar is a collection of architectural astronomical instruments, built by Maharaja Jai Singh II at his then new capital of Jaipur between 1727 and 1734. It is modeled after the one that he had built for him at the Mughal capital of Delhi. He had constructed a total of five such...
, is one of the World Heritage Site
World Heritage Site
A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place that is listed by the UNESCO as of special cultural or physical significance...
s. Jaipur is a popular tourist destination in Rajasthan
Tourism in Rajasthan
Rajasthan is one of the most popular tourist destination in India, for both domestic & international tourists. Rajasthan attracts tourist for its historical forts, palaces, art and culture. Every third foreign tourist visiting India also travel to Rajasthan as it is part of the Golden Triangle for...
and India
Tourism in India
Tourism in India is the largest service industry, with a contribution of 6.23% to the national GDP and 8.78% of the total employment in India. India witnesses more than 5.5 million annual foreign tourist arrivals and 740 million domestic tourism visits...
.
History
Matsya Kingdom
Matsya or Machcha , classically called the Mese , was the name of a tribe and the state of the Vedic civilization of India. It lay to south of the kingdom of Kurus and west of the Yamuna which separated it from the kingdom of Panchalas...
.
Modern Jaipur was founded in 1727 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II
Jai Singh II of Amber
Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh was ruler of the kingdom of Amber . He was born at Amber, the capital of the Kachwahas. He became ruler of Amber at the age of 11 after his father Maharaja Bishan Singh died on 31 December 1699...
who ruled from 1699–1744 and initially his capital was Amber, which lies at a distance of 11 km from Jaipur. He felt the need of shifting his capital city with the increase in population and growing scarcity of water. The King consulted several books on architecture and architects before making the layout of Jaipur. Finally under the architectural guidance of Vidyadhar Bhattacharya
Vidyadhar Bhattacharya
Vidyadhar Bhattacharya was the chief architect and city planner of Jaipur city. A Bengali architect, he was approached by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh in 1727 to build one of the earliest planned cities of India...
, (initially an accounts-clerk in the Amber
Amber
Amber is fossilized tree resin , which has been appreciated for its color and natural beauty since Neolithic times. Amber is used as an ingredient in perfumes, as a healing agent in folk medicine, and as jewelry. There are five classes of amber, defined on the basis of their chemical constituents...
treasury and later promoted to the office of Chief Architect by the King) Jaipur came into existence on the classical basis of principles of Vastu Shastra
Vastu Shastra
Vastu Shastra is an ancient doctrine which consists of precepts born out of a traditional and archaic view on how the laws of nature affect human dwellings. The designs are based on directional alignments...
and similar classical treatise.
After waging several battles with the Marathas
Maratha Empire
The Maratha Empire or the Maratha Confederacy was an Indian imperial power that existed from 1674 to 1818. At its peak, the empire covered much of South Asia, encompassing a territory of over 2.8 million km²....
, Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II was keen on the security aspect of the city. Being a lover of astronomy
Astronomy
Astronomy is a natural science that deals with the study of celestial objects and phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of Earth...
, mathematics
Mathematics
Mathematics is the study of quantity, space, structure, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns and formulate new conjectures. Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proofs, which are arguments sufficient to convince other mathematicians of their validity...
and astrophysics
Astrophysics
Astrophysics is the branch of astronomy that deals with the physics of the universe, including the physical properties of celestial objects, as well as their interactions and behavior...
, Jai Singh sought advice from Vidyadhar Bhattacharya, a Brahmin scholar of Bengal, to aid him to design many other buildings including the Royal Palace in the center of the city.
The construction of the city started in 1727. It took around 4 years to complete the major palaces, roads and square. The city was built following the principles of Shilpa Shastra, the science of Indian Architecture
Indian architecture
The architecture of India is rooted in its history, culture and religion. Indian architecture progressed with time and assimilated the many influences that came as a result of India's global discourse with other regions of the world throughout its millennia-old past...
. The city was divided into nine blocks, of which two consist the state buildings and palaces, with the remaining seven allotted to the public. Huge fortification walls were built along with seven strong gates.
For the time, architecture of the town was very advanced and certainly the best in Indian subcontinent
Indian subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent, also Indian Subcontinent, Indo-Pak Subcontinent or South Asian Subcontinent is a region of the Asian continent on the Indian tectonic plate from the Hindu Kush or Hindu Koh, Himalayas and including the Kuen Lun and Karakoram ranges, forming a land mass which extends...
. In 1876, when the Prince of Wales
Edward VII of the United Kingdom
Edward VII was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910...
visited Jaipur, the whole city was painted pink to welcome him during the regime of Sawai Ram Singh. Today, avenues remain painted in pink, provide a distinctive appearance to the city. In the 19th century the city grew rapidly; by 1900 it had a population of 160,000. The city's wide boulevards were paved and lit.
The city had several hospitals. Its chief industries were of metals and marble
Marble
Marble is a metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite.Geologists use the term "marble" to refer to metamorphosed limestone; however stonemasons use the term more broadly to encompass unmetamorphosed limestone.Marble is commonly used for...
, fostered by a school of art (named as 'Madarsa Hunree') founded in 1868. The city also had three colleges, including a Sanskrit
Sanskrit
Sanskrit , is a historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.Buddhism: besides Pali, see Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Today, it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand...
college (1865) and a girls' school (1867) initiated under the reign of the enigmatic Maharaja Sawai Ram Singh II. There was also a wealthy and enterprising community of native bankers, particularly the Jain, Marwaris
Marwaris
Marwari or Marwadi or Rajasthani people are Indian ethnic group, that inhabit the Rajasthan region of India. Their language Rajasthani is a part of the western group of Indo-Aryan languages....
and the administrators Rawana rajput. Maharaja Sawai Bhawani Singh , the member of the erstwhile maharaja family of Jaipur, died on April 17, 2011 at a private hospital in Gurgaon following multi-organ failure.
Geography
Jaipur is the headquarters of rajasthan Jaipur districtJaipur district
Jaipur District is a district of the state of Rajasthan in western India. The city of Jaipur, which is Rajasthan's capital and largest city, is the district headquarters. It is the tenth most populous district in India .-Geography:...
which is situated in the eastern part of Rajasthan
Rajasthan
Rājasthān the land of Rajasthanis, , is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It is located in the northwest of India. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with...
. It is located at 26.92°N 75.82°E. It has an average elevation of 431 metres (1417 ft).
The major rivers passing through the Jaipur district are Banas and Banganga. Ground water resources to the extent of about 28.65 million cubic meter are available in the district. Although serious drought is rare, poor water management and exploitation of groundwater with extensive tube-well systems threatens agriculture in some areas.
Climate
Jaipur has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classificationKöppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
BSh) receiving over 650 millimetres (25.6 in) of rainfall annually but most rains occur in the monsoon months between June and September. Temperatures remain relatively high throughout the year, with the summer months of April to early July having average daily temperatures of around 30 °C (86 °F). During the monsoon there are frequent, heavy rains and thunderstorms, but flooding is not common. The winter months of November to February are mild and pleasant, with average temperatures ranging from 15–18 °C (59–64.4 F) and with little or no humidity. There are however occasional cold waves that lead to temperatures near freezing.
Fauna
In Jaipur there is a colony of 60 monkeys. Monkeys and elephants are considered to be sacred in India.Architecture
Jaipur is considered by many urbanites
Urbanism
Broadly, urbanism is a focus on cities and urban areas, their geography, economies, politics, social characteristics, as well as the effects on, and caused by, the built environment.-Philosophy:...
to be one of the best planned cities. In an era when most of the Rajput
Rajput
A Rajput is a member of one of the patrilineal clans of western, central, northern India and in some parts of Pakistan. Rajputs are descendants of one of the major ruling warrior classes in the Indian subcontinent, particularly North India...
s were busy fighting with each other, Jaipur's kings diplomatically broadened their control sphere maintaining good relations with the Mughals
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire , or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
.
The city was planned according to Indian Vastu Shastra (Vedic Planning for the comfort and prosperity of the citizens). The directions of each street and market are East to West and North to South. The Eastern gate is called Suraj (Sun) Pol, while the Western gate is called Chand (Moon) Pol. There are three gates facing East, West, and North and a Northern gate (known as Zorawar Singh gate) which faces toward the ancestral capital of Amber, while many gates face South.
Although the present city has expanded from outside of its walls, the original planning was within the walls. The gates used to be closed at sunset and opened at sunrise. Almost all Northern Indian towns of that period presented a chaotic picture of narrow twisting lanes, a confusion of run-down forts, temples, palaces, and temporary shacks that bore no resemblance at all to the principles set out in Hindu architectural manuals which call for strict geometric planning. Thus, for Sawai Jai Singh II and the Bengali
Bengali people
The Bengali people are an ethnic community native to the historic region of Bengal in South Asia. They speak Bengali , which is an Indo-Aryan language of the eastern Indian subcontinent, evolved from the Magadhi Prakrit and Sanskrit languages. In their native language, they are referred to as বাঙালী...
advisor Vidyadhar, the founding of Jaipur was also a ritual
Ritual
A ritual is a set of actions, performed mainly for their symbolic value. It may be prescribed by a religion or by the traditions of a community. The term usually excludes actions which are arbitrarily chosen by the performers....
and a great opportunity to plan a whole town according to the principles of Hindu architectural theory.
The town of Jaipur is built in the form of an eight-part Mandala
Mandala
Maṇḍala is a Sanskrit word that means "circle". In the Buddhist and Hindu religious traditions their sacred art often takes a mandala form. The basic form of most Hindu and Buddhist mandalas is a square with four gates containing a circle with a center point...
known as the 'Pithapada'. Nine signifies the nine planets of the ancient astrological zodiac
Nakshatra
Nakshatra is the term for lunar mansion in Hindu astrology. A nakshatra is one of 27 sectors along the ecliptic...
. It is well known that Sawai Jai Singh II was a great astronomer and a town planner, and hence the 'Pithapada'. Also, the commercial shops are designed in multiples of nine (27), having one cross street for a planet
Planet
A planet is a celestial body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity, is not massive enough to cause thermonuclear fusion, and has cleared its neighbouring region of planetesimals.The term planet is ancient, with ties to history, science,...
.
Administration
The administration is handled here at the State, Division and District Level. Jaipur being the capital of the state, has the Secretariat which has almost all the administrative officers looking into the functioning of the State Government. Apart from the Secretariat, Jaipur has the state police headquarters also.Politics
The recent (2008) general election showed tremendous swing toward the Indian National CongressIndian National Congress
The Indian National Congress is one of the two major political parties in India, the other being the Bharatiya Janata Party. It is the largest and one of the oldest democratic political parties in the world. The party's modern liberal platform is largely considered center-left in the Indian...
(INC) with Ashok Gehlot
Ashok Gehlot
Ashok Gehlot is the 21st & 23rd Chief Minister of the state of Rajasthan, India.-Personal:Shri Ashok Gehlot, son of Late Shri Laxman Singh Gehlot, was born on 3 May 1951 in Jodhpur, Rajasthan. A Science and Law Graduate, Shri Gehlot holds an M.A. in Economics. Married to Smt. Sunita Gehlot on 27...
emerging as the Chief Minister
Chief Minister
A Chief Minister is the elected head of government of a sub-national state, provinces of Sri Lanka, Pakistan, notably a state of India, a territory of Australia or a British Overseas Territory that has attained self-government...
of Rajasthan
Rajasthan
Rājasthān the land of Rajasthanis, , is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It is located in the northwest of India. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with...
. The INC had won only 2 of 14 parliament elections
Jaipur (Lok Sabha Constituency)
Jaipur Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 25 Lok Sabha constituencies in Rajasthan state in India.-Assembly segments:Presently, Jaipur Lok Sabha constituency comprises eight Vidhan Sabha segments...
in the past. Currently Mahesh Joshi is the MP
Member of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
from Jaipur. Previously, Girdhari Lal Bhargava of BJP
Bharatiya Janata Party
The Bharatiya Janata Party ,; translation: Indian People's Party) is one of the two major political parties in India, the other being the Indian National Congress. Established in 1980, it is India's second largest political party in terms of representation in the parliament...
was the MP from Jaipur, who won for the first time in 1989 and has been elected six times since then.
Jaipur Districts has 19 constituencies for electing MLA (Member of Legislative Assembly) of Rajasthan
Rajasthan
Rājasthān the land of Rajasthanis, , is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It is located in the northwest of India. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with...
, namely Shahpura, Chaksu, Bassi, Bagru, Sanganer
Sanganer
Sanganer is a town situated 15 km south of Jaipur, the capital of Indian state of Rajasthan. The town is famous for handmade paper industry, textile printing and for Jain temples. Sanganer prints are one of its own kinds, for the reason that patterns in bright colors are always printed on white...
, Malviya Nagar
Malviya Nagar (Jaipur)
Malviya Nagar is an affluent region in South Jaipur, and is close to Durgapura, Jawahar Nagar, Jagatpura and Sanganer. It is named after the noted freedom fighter Madan Mohan Malviya. It is also one of the constituency of Jaipur District....
, Adarsh Nagar, Kishanpole, Civil Lines, Vidhyadhar Nagar, Hawa Mahal, Jamwa Ramgarh
Jamwa Ramgarh
Jamwa Ramgarh also popularly known as the Ramgarh, is the subdivision of Jaipur District. Located at State Highway Number 55 at about 28 kms away from Jaipur city in East-North Direction of it...
, Amber or Amer, Banipark, Dudu, Phulera, Chomu, Virat Nagar and Kotputli. Banipark is the largest among these constituencies. Rajasthan's stalwart Bhairon Singh Shekhawat
Bhairon Singh Shekhawat
Bhairon Singh Shekhawat was the 11th Vice-President of India. He served in that position from August 2002, when he was elected to a five-year term by the electoral college following the death of Krishan Kant, until he resigned on July 21, 2007, after losing the presidential election to Pratibha...
has also has been elected the Chief Minister
Chief Minister
A Chief Minister is the elected head of government of a sub-national state, provinces of Sri Lanka, Pakistan, notably a state of India, a territory of Australia or a British Overseas Territory that has attained self-government...
of Rajasthan thrice.
Jyoti Khandelwal is the new Mayor of Jaipur Municipal Corporation
Jaipur Municipal Corporation
Jaipur Municipal Corporation or Jaipur Nagar Nigam is municipal corporation of Jaipur city in Rajasthan state in India.There are 70 wards in the Corporation divided into 8 zones of*Moti Dungri Zone comprises wards No. 18 and 26 to 35....
(JMC). Totally, there are 70 seats for Vidhan Parishad in Jaipur District. Mr. B.L. Soni is the first Police Commissioner of Jaipur.
Infrastructure
In the 2008 Conde Nast Traveller Readers Choice Survey, Jaipur was ranked the 7th best place to visit in AsiaAsia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
and in another poll it was ranked third among twelve major Indian cities.
Modern infrastructural facilities are developing fast, and in many cases surpass those of larger cities like Delhi
Delhi
Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...
and Kolkata
Kolkata
Kolkata , formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it was the commercial capital of East India...
. The city is expanding very quickly and has become a hot spot for development in Rajasthan
Rajasthan
Rājasthān the land of Rajasthanis, , is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It is located in the northwest of India. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with...
. Jaipur International Airport
Jaipur Airport
Jaipur International Airport is in the southern suburb of Sanganer, from Jaipur, the capital of the Indian state of Rajasthan.Jaipur airport is the only international airport in the state of Rajasthan. It was granted the status of international airport on 29 December 2005...
is located at a satellite location of Sanganer
Sanganer
Sanganer is a town situated 15 km south of Jaipur, the capital of Indian state of Rajasthan. The town is famous for handmade paper industry, textile printing and for Jain temples. Sanganer prints are one of its own kinds, for the reason that patterns in bright colors are always printed on white...
and offer's flights to Delhi
Delhi
Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...
, Mumbai
Mumbai
Mumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...
, Ahmedabad
Ahmedabad
Ahmedabad also known as Karnavati is the largest city in Gujarat, India. It is the former capital of Gujarat and is also the judicial capital of Gujarat as the Gujarat High Court has its seat in Ahmedabad...
, Bangalore
Bangalore
Bengaluru , formerly called Bengaluru is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bangalore is nicknamed the Garden City and was once called a pensioner's paradise. Located on the Deccan Plateau in the south-eastern part of Karnataka, Bangalore is India's third most populous city and...
, Kolkata and Guwahati
Guwahati
Guwahati, Pragjyotishpura in ancient Assam formerly known as Gauhati is a metropolis,the largest city of Assam in India and ancient urban area in North East India, with a population of 963,429. It is also the largest metropolitan area in north-eastern India...
along with sporadic services to International locations such as Dubai
Dubai
Dubai is a city and emirate in the United Arab Emirates . The emirate is located south of the Persian Gulf on the Arabian Peninsula and has the largest population with the second-largest land territory by area of all the emirates, after Abu Dhabi...
.
Jaipur has a well maintained road network with multi-story flyovers and traffic lights with closed circuit cameras
Closed-circuit television
Closed-circuit television is the use of video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors....
. Police control room (PCR) vans are being equipped with GPS to monitor locations and help maintain law and order.
Jaipur boasts of International Living standards with well planned colonies of grid like patterns (sectors and blocks) and parks well maintained by JDA (Jaipur Development Authority). The various Shopping malls and Multiplexes which offer an urban lifestyle to Jaipurites.
Sawai Mansingh Cricket stadium
Sawai Mansingh Stadium
The Sawai Mansingh Stadium is a cricket stadium in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. It was built in the reign of Maharaja Sawai Man Singh II who was also known as SMS; hence the name of the SMS Stadium in short. It is situated at one corner of the Rambagh Circle...
in Jaipur is a popular venue for many International matches and for Indian Premier League
Indian Premier League
The Indian Premier League is a professional league for Twenty20 cricket competition in India. It was initiated by the Board of Control for Cricket in India , headquartered in Mumbai, and is supervised by BCCI Vice President Rajeev Shukla, who serves as the league's Chairman and Commissioner...
matches.
Events like Jaipur Jewelry Show and Jaipur Literature Festival
Jaipur Literature Festival
The Jaipur Literature Festival is an annual literary festival taking place in the pink city of Jaipur since 2006. The Diggi Palace Hotel serves as the main venue of the festival...
offer a common platform for people not only from India but from other countries also, giving Jaipur a cosmopolitan image.
Sawai Mansingh Hospital, SDMH (Durlabhji Hospital) and Fortis Hospital are among the most famed hospitals of Jaipur. Apart from these, there are more than 40 small and mid sized hospitals in the city.
Old city of Jaipur is highly congested, whereas suburbs of Jaipur provide wide roads with free flow of traffic. Tech Park has already became operational, built by Mahindra Group and is expected to complete by 2011.
Economy
Jaipur district is a centre for both traditional and modern industries. It is famous as largest exporter of gold, diamond and stone jewelery in Asia and the only city finishing blue diamond, or tanzanite, in the world. The main industrial products include: acetylene gas, ACSR (Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced) cable, all-purpose flour (maida), atta flourAtta flour
Atta is the Hindi word for oven, and flour is the main ingredient of most varieties of Indian, Bangladeshi and Pakistani bread. Atta generally refers to the oven used in cooking the bread. Flatbreads made from atta, such as chapati, roti, naan and puri, are an integral part of Indian cuisine...
, ball bearings, bottling of LPG, ceramics, pottery, cold roll strips, corrugated boxes, deoiled cakes, durries, dyeing and printing, edible oil, electronic items, engraving on brass items, ferrous and non-ferrous castings, gems and jewelry, general engineering and manufacturing, granite
Granite
Granite is a common and widely occurring type of intrusive, felsic, igneous rock. Granite usually has a medium- to coarse-grained texture. Occasionally some individual crystals are larger than the groundmass, in which case the texture is known as porphyritic. A granitic rock with a porphyritic...
slabs and tiles, hand-made paper, handicraft items, halogen
Halogen
The halogens or halogen elements are a series of nonmetal elements from Group 17 IUPAC Style of the periodic table, comprising fluorine , chlorine , bromine , iodine , and astatine...
automobile headlamps, "hawai" chappals (sandals), household electrical appliances, HT steel strips, iodized salt
Salt
In chemistry, salts are ionic compounds that result from the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base. They are composed of cations and anions so that the product is electrically neutral...
, lamps, laminated springs for railways, marble statues, marble tiles & slabs, moulded plastic components for electronics, nitrochlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene is an aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5Cl. This colorless, flammable liquid is a common solvent and a widely used intermediate in the manufacture of other chemicals.-Uses:...
, oxygen gas, perfumes, pigments, plastic containers, P.P. multifilament yarn, PVC
Polyvinyl chloride
Polyvinyl chloride, commonly abbreviated PVC, is a thermoplastic polymer. It is a vinyl polymer constructed of repeating vinyl groups having one hydrogen replaced by chloride. Polyvinyl chloride is the third most widely produced plastic, after polyethylene and polypropylene. PVC is widely used in...
cables, PVC doors, PVC footwear, canvas shoes, Portland cement
Portland cement
Portland cement is the most common type of cement in general use around the world because it is a basic ingredient of concrete, mortar, stucco and most non-specialty grout...
, ready made garments (clothing), re-roller products, semolina
Semolina
Semolina is the coarse, purified wheat middlings of durum wheat used in making pasta, and also used for breakfast cereals and puddings. Semolina is also used to designate coarse middlings from other varieties of wheat, and from other grains such as rice and corn.-Name:The term semolina derives from...
(suji), steel furniture, steel ingots, stone grits, synthetic leather, suits & shirts made of synthetic materials, tablets and capsules, two way radio and line, washing soap, wheat, woolen carpets, refined vegetable oil and vanaspati ghee
Ghee
Ghee is a class of clarified butter that originated in South Asia and is commonly used in South Asian cuisine....
heavy Steel fabrication, brass and lacquer work, enamel work, gems and jewelery, granite tiles, handlooms, printed cloth and textiles, ready made garments, woolen and silk carpets.
Jaipur has been ranked 31 among the 50 Emerging Global Outsourcing cities. Genpact
Genpact
Genpact Limited is a global business process and technology management company. It was formerly a GE owned company called GE Capital International Services or GECIS. It operates from India, China, Guatemala, Hungary, México, Morocco, the Philippines, Poland, the Netherlands, Romania, Spain, South...
and Infosys
Infosys
Infosys Limited, formerly Infosys Technologies Limited is a global technology services company headquartered in Bangalore, India. It is the second largest IT exporter in India with 133,560 employees as of March 2011. It has offices in 33 countries and development centers in India, China,...
have their BPO already established and running successfully. In fact Genpact has the fastest growing location in Jaipur. Real Estate business is flourishing well from last 2–3 years. Some of the companies already present here include MICO, Coca Cola, IBM, Ericsson and NEI, popularly known as NBC Bearings. Zuberi Engineering Company is situated in Jaipur near MI Road.
Jaipur also has Reserve bank of India and many other prominent international banks. India's largest integrated IT SEZ Mahindra World City is located in Jaipur. Master planned by Jurong Constructions Singapore it covers nearly 3000 acres (12.1 km²) of land off Ajmer highway and has already attracted major companies like Infosys
Infosys
Infosys Limited, formerly Infosys Technologies Limited is a global technology services company headquartered in Bangalore, India. It is the second largest IT exporter in India with 133,560 employees as of March 2011. It has offices in 33 countries and development centers in India, China,...
, TCS
Tata Consultancy Services
Tata Consultancy Services Limited is a global IT services, business solutions and outsourcing company headquartered in Mumbai, India. It is the largest provider of information technology in Asia and second largest provider of business process outsourcing services in India...
, Wipro
Wipro
Wipro Limited formally Western India Products Limited is a global IT services and consulting company headquartered in Bangalore, India. As of 2011, Wipro is the second largest IT services company by turnover in India and employs more than 120,000 people worldwide as of March 2011...
, Tech Mahindra
Tech Mahindra
Tech Mahindra Limited is a provider of information technology , networking technology solutions and business process outsourcing services to the global telecommunications industry. Headquartered at Pune, India...
, ISYS BPO Services, Truworth and Deutsche Bank
Deutsche Bank
Deutsche Bank AG is a global financial service company with its headquarters in Frankfurt, Germany. It employs more than 100,000 people in over 70 countries, and has a large presence in Europe, the Americas, Asia Pacific and the emerging markets...
. India's one of a kind World Trade Park is also under construction in Malaviya Nagar
Malviya Nagar (Jaipur)
Malviya Nagar is an affluent region in South Jaipur, and is close to Durgapura, Jawahar Nagar, Jagatpura and Sanganer. It is named after the noted freedom fighter Madan Mohan Malviya. It is also one of the constituency of Jaipur District....
. It will be having a luxury hotel, business halls and many showrooms of international brands. In coming years it is projected to become a hub for modern business development in Jaipur.
Number of large and medium scale running units: 48
Number of small scale units: 19,544
Number of industrial areas: 19 (Bagru
Bagru
Bagru is a city and a municipality in Jaipur district in the state of Rajasthan, India.-Demographics: India census, Bagru had a population of 22,089. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Bagru has an average literacy rate of 52%, lower than the national average of 59.5%; with...
, Bassi, Bais Godam, Bindyaka, Dudu, Hirawala, Jetpura, Jhotwara, Kaladera, Kanakpura, Kartarpura, Malviya Nagar
Malviya Nagar (Jaipur)
Malviya Nagar is an affluent region in South Jaipur, and is close to Durgapura, Jawahar Nagar, Jagatpura and Sanganer. It is named after the noted freedom fighter Madan Mohan Malviya. It is also one of the constituency of Jaipur District....
, Phulera
Phulera
Phulera is a city and a municipality in Jaipur district in the Indian state of Rajasthan.-Geography:Phulera is located at . It has an average elevation of 387 metres .-Demographics:...
, Renwal, Sanganer
Sanganer
Sanganer is a town situated 15 km south of Jaipur, the capital of Indian state of Rajasthan. The town is famous for handmade paper industry, textile printing and for Jain temples. Sanganer prints are one of its own kinds, for the reason that patterns in bright colors are always printed on white...
, Shahpura, Sitapura, Sudarshanpur and Vishwakarma).
Jaipur is soon planned to have an International Convention Centre and a Golf course. A film city near Agra highway is also in the pipeline.
Tourism
Jaipur is a very famous tourist and education destination in IndiaIndia
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
. Lots of people flock to Jaipur to view the various forts and monuments in Jaipur which reflect its glorious past. Tourism is a significant part of Jaipur's economy. Some of the world's best hotels are located here. Major facilities and infrastructure development are expected to increase the number of tourists visiting Jaipur. The city provides opportunities for niche tourism like Dental tourism
Dental tourism
Dental tourism is a subset of the sector known as medical tourism. It involves individuals seeking dental care outside of their local healthcare systems and may be accompanied by a vacation.- Reasons for travel :...
. Tourism contributes a significant amount to Jaipur's income.
Forts & Monuments
Jaipur has a number of forts and monuments like Hawa MahalHawa Mahal
Hawa Mahal , is a palace in Jaipur, India. It was built in 1799 by Maharaja Sawai Pratap Singh, and designed by Lal Chand Ustad in the form of the crown of Krishna, the Hindu god...
, Amber Fort
Amber Fort
Amer Fort is located in Amer , from Jaipur, Rajasthan state, India. It is one of the principal tourist attractions in the Jaipur area, located high on a hill. .Amer Fort was made by Meenas king Raja Alan Singh Chanda later occupied by Kachhawa rajput . Amer Fort is known for its artistic style,...
, Jaigarh Fort
Jaigarh Fort
Jaigarh Fort is situated on the premonitory called the Cheel ka Teela of the Aravalli hill ranges; it overlooks the Amber Fort and the Moata Lake, near Amber in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India...
, Nahargarh Fort
Nahargarh Fort
Nahargarh Fort stands on the edge of the Aravalli Hills, overlooking the pinkest city of Jaipur in the Indian state of Rajasthan. The view of the city from the fort is breath taking. Along with Amber Fort and Jaigarh Fort it formed a strong defence ring for the city...
, City Palace
City Palace, Jaipur
City Palace, Jaipur, which includes the Chandra Mahal and Mubarak Mahal palaces and other buildings, is a palace complex in Jaipur city, the capital of the Rajasthan state, India. It was the seat of the Maharaja of Jaipur, the head of the Kachwaha Rajput clan. The Chandra Mahal palace now houses a...
, Jantar Mantar
Jantar Mantar (Jaipur)
The Jantar Mantar is a collection of architectural astronomical instruments, built by Maharaja Jai Singh II at his then new capital of Jaipur between 1727 and 1734. It is modeled after the one that he had built for him at the Mughal capital of Delhi. He had constructed a total of five such...
, Jal Mahal
Jal Mahal
Jal Mahal is a palace located in the middle of the Man Sagar Lake in Jaipur city, the capital of the state of Rajasthan, India. The palace and the lake around it were renovated and enlarged in the 18th century by Maharaja Jai Singh II of Amber.The Jal Mahal palace has got an eye-popping makeover...
, Rambagh Palace
Rambagh Palace
The Rambagh Palace in Jaipur, Rajasthan is the former residence of the Maharaja of Jaipur and now a luxury Taj Palace Hotel, located outside of the walls of the city of Jaipur on Bhawani Singh Road...
, Central Museum, (Albert Hall Museum
Albert Hall Museum
Albert Hall Museum is a museum in Jaipur city in Rajasthan state of India. It is the oldest museum of the state and functions as the State museum of Rajasthan. The building is situated in Ram Niwas Garden outside the city wall opposite New gate and is a fine example of Indo-Saracenic architecture...
)
Temples & Places for Worship
The landscape of Jaipur is dotted with numerous temples and religious places. One can find temples in almost every street. It is because of the numerous temples, and religiosity among people that it is sometimes also known as Chhoti KashiVaranasi
-Etymology:The name Varanasi has its origin possibly from the names of the two rivers Varuna and Assi, for the old city lies in the north shores of the Ganga bounded by its two tributaries, the Varuna and the Asi, with the Ganges being to its south...
. Some of the famous temples in Jaipur include Govind Dev Ji Temple
Govind Dev Ji temple
The Hindu temple Govind Deo Ji is situated in Jaipur in Rajasthan state of India. It is located in the City Palace complex. The temple is dedicated to Govind Deo Ji . The image of the deity was brought from Vrindavan here by Raja Sawai Jai Singh II, the founder of Jaipur...
, Galtaji
Galtaji
Galtaji is an ancient Hindu pilgrimage site situated 10 km from Jaipur in the Indian state of Rajasthan, on the Jaipur-Agra highway near Sisodia Rani Ka Bagh. This place approximately 1 km from Jaipur to Delhi highway.It is located in Khaniya -Balaji town in Jaipur...
, ( Lakshmi Narayan Mandir) commanly known as Birla Temple
Birla Mandir, Jaipur
Birla Mandir, Jaipur is a hindu temple located in Jaipur, India and is part of one of the several Birla mandirs located all around the country. The grand temple is located on an elevated ground at the base of Moti Dungari hill in Rajasthan. The temple is sometimes also referred to as the Laxmi...
), Garh Ganesh Temple
Garh Ganesh Temple
Garh Ganesh Temple is an ancient temple of Lord Ganesh in the city of Jaipur. It is located on the hills near Nahargarh Fort and Jaigarh Fort....
, Shila Devi Temple in Amber, Tadkeshwara Mahadev, Panchayati Hall
Panchayati Hall
Panchayati Hall is a Hindu temple devoted to the goddess Durga and Lord Shiva, located in Jaipur, India.-Post Partition:After Partition of India , most of the Khudabadi Sindhi Swarankar families migrated from Pakistan and settled in Jaipur, India. In early 1948, Shri Jhamandas F...
,Radha Govind Ji Temple. The All Saint's Church near Mirza Ismail Road built more than 130 years ago by the rulers of Jaipur for the small Christian population is an excellent example of the high quality of workmanship during that period.
Gardens
The city is dotted with beautiful gardens and parks. Prominent among them are Ram Niwas GardenRam Niwas Garden
Ram Niwas Garden is a garden situated in Jaipur city in Indian state of Rajasthan, built by Maharaja Sawai Ram Singh of Jaipur in 1868.-Overview:...
, Sisodia Rani Garden and Palace
Sisodia Rani Garden and Palace
Sisodia Rani Garden and Palace is a beautiful palace garden 6km from Jaipur city in of Rajasthan state in India.It was built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II in 1779. The place consists of tiered multi-level gardens with fountains, watercourses and painted pavilions. A charming double storeyed...
, Vidyadhar Garden, Kanak Vrindavan, Central Park, Jawahar Circle Garden, Technology Park in Mansarover, Vidyadhar ka Bagh in Goner.
Other places of interest include Chand Baori
Chand Baori
Chand Baori is a famous stepwell situated in the village of Abhaneri near Jaipur in the Indian state of Rajasthan.This step well is located opposite Harshat Mata Temple, constructed in 800 c. and is one of the deepest and largest step wells in India...
(stepwell), Chokhi Dhani
Chokhi Dhani
Chokhi Dhani, a Rajasthani village themed resort, situated in the outskirts of Jaipur, is a representation of the culture, traditions and lifestyle of village life in Rajasthan...
(a village resort), Kathputhli slum
Kathputhli slum
The Kathputhli Slum Area is an urban slum in Jaipur, India, with a population of approximately 10,000 people.-Population:The population of the slum in Kathputhli is mainly inhabited by sweepers, rag-pickers, artisans and general labourers, who have migrated from rural areas to a more urban setting...
a Jaipur slum, Raj Mandir Cinema
Raj Mandir Cinema, Jaipur
Raj Mandir Cinema is a famous movie theater in Jaipur in Rajasthan state in India.. Situated on the Bhagwan Das Road, near M.I. Road, the meringue-shaped auditorium opened in 1976, and over the years has seen many movie premieres of Hindi films, and has become a popular symbol of Jaipur, it is...
(a beautiful cinema hall).
Demographics
As of 2011, Jaipur district had a population of 6,663,971 (contributing 9.71% towards state population) with 26.91% increase in population since 2001.The major religion is HinduismHinduism
Hinduism is the predominant and indigenous religious tradition of the Indian Subcontinent. Hinduism is known to its followers as , amongst many other expressions...
. Muslims and Jains
Jainism
Jainism is an Indian religion that prescribes a path of non-violence towards all living beings. Its philosophy and practice emphasize the necessity of self-effort to move the soul towards divine consciousness and liberation. Any soul that has conquered its own inner enemies and achieved the state...
also form a sizable chunk of the population.
Hindu
Hindu
Hindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion...
population accounts for 78%, Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
17%, Christians 0.5%, Sikhs 0.5%, Jains
Jainism
Jainism is an Indian religion that prescribes a path of non-violence towards all living beings. Its philosophy and practice emphasize the necessity of self-effort to move the soul towards divine consciousness and liberation. Any soul that has conquered its own inner enemies and achieved the state...
4%.While 47.49% people lived in rural areas, 52.51% lived in urban areas. The overall literacy rate for the district was 76.44%. 87.27% males and 64.63% females were literate. The sex ratio was 909 (females per 1000 males).
Hindi
Hindi
Standard Hindi, or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi, also known as Manak Hindi , High Hindi, Nagari Hindi, and Literary Hindi, is a standardized and sanskritized register of the Hindustani language derived from the Khariboli dialect of Delhi...
and Rajasthani
Rajasthani language
Rajasthani Rajasthani Rajasthani (Devanagari: , Perso-Arabic: is a language of the Indo-Aryan languages family. It is spoken by 50 million people in Rajasthan and other states of India and in some areas of Pakistan. The number of speakers may be up to 80 million worldwide...
are the most common language for communication. English
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...
, Punjabi
Punjabi language
Punjabi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by inhabitants of the historical Punjab region . For Sikhs, the Punjabi language stands as the official language in which all ceremonies take place. In Pakistan, Punjabi is the most widely spoken language...
, Sindhi
Sindhi language
Sindhi is the language of the Sindh region of Pakistan that is spoken by the Sindhi people. In India, it is among 22 constitutionally recognized languages, where Sindhis are a sizeable minority. It is spoken by 53,410,910 people in Pakistan, according to the national government's Statistics Division...
are also widely spoken.According to National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) report of 2009, Jaipur ranks 3rd in the list of 35 Indian cities with a population of more than 10 lakh in the crime rate. City's main jail is Jaipur Central Jail.
Culture
Jawahar Kala Kendra
Jawahar Kala Kendra is a multi arts centre located in Jaipur in India. It was built by Rajasthan government with the purpose of preserving Rajasthani arts and crafts....
and Ravindra Manch have helped promote the unique culture of the state of Rajasthan
Rajasthan
Rājasthān the land of Rajasthanis, , is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It is located in the northwest of India. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with...
. Albert Hall Museum (Government Central Museum) hosts several arts and antiquities. There is a Government Museum at Hawa Mahal
Hawa Mahal
Hawa Mahal , is a palace in Jaipur, India. It was built in 1799 by Maharaja Sawai Pratap Singh, and designed by Lal Chand Ustad in the form of the crown of Krishna, the Hindu god...
, an art gallery at Viratnagar. Jaipur also hosts the Numismatic Section, Directorate. The Town Hall (Old Vidhan Sabha Bhawan) is slated to be converted into a museum. There are figurines depicting various forms of Rajasthani culture along various parts of the city. The city also decorated its flyovers with different interesting themes.
Arts and Crafts
The rulers of Jaipur patronized a number of arts and crafts. They invited skilled artisans, artists and craftsmen from India and abroad. The different communities settled in various parts of city and made Jaipur their home. As a result, Jaipur is a major hub for various kinds of arts and crafts. Some of the crafts include Bandhani; Block printing; Stone carvingStone carving
Stone carving is an ancient activity where pieces of rough natural stone are shaped by the controlled removal of stone. Owing to the permanence of the material, evidence can be found that even the earliest societies indulged in some form of stone work....
and Sculpture
Sculpture
Sculpture is three-dimensional artwork created by shaping or combining hard materials—typically stone such as marble—or metal, glass, or wood. Softer materials can also be used, such as clay, textiles, plastics, polymers and softer metals...
; Tarkashi
Inlay
Inlay is a decorative technique of inserting pieces of contrasting, often coloured materials into depressions in a base object to form patterns or pictures that normally are flush with the matrix. In a wood matrix, inlays commonly use wood veneers, but other materials like shells, mother-of-pearl,...
; Zari
Zari
Zari is basically a tinsel thread meant for weaving and embroidery. It is manufactured by winding or wrapping a flattened metallic strip made from pure gold, silver or slitted metallised polyester film, on a core yarn, usually of pure silk, art silk, viscose, cotton, nylon, polyester, P.P.,...
, Gota
Gota Work
Gota Work is a well known metal embroidery work of Pakistan and in India Rajasthan, especially the Shekhawati region. Jaipur, Ajmer, Bikaner, Kota and Udaipur have their unique gota work style.- Overview :...
, Kinari
Kinari
Kinari is a settlement in Kenya's Central Province....
and Zardozi
Zardozi
Zardozi or Zar-douzi work is a type of embroidery in Iran, India and Pakistan.-Iran:Zardozi is on of the most important elements of Persian cultural signs and Handicrafts. It is named around the country by names such Zar-douzi , Kam-douzi , Gol-douzi and Kaman-douzi...
; Silver Jewellery; Gems
Gemstone
A gemstone or gem is a piece of mineral, which, in cut and polished form, is used to make jewelry or other adornments...
, Kundan
Kundan
Kundan keshri is a traditional South Asian gemstone jewellery, a method of gem setting in a jewellery piece, consisting of inserting gold foil between the stones and its mount, usually used to create elaborate necklaces believed to have originated in the royal courts of Rajasthan and Gujarat...
, Meenakari
Vitreous enamel
Vitreous enamel, also porcelain enamel in U.S. English, is a material made by fusing powdered glass to a substrate by firing, usually between 750 and 850 °C...
and Jewellery
Jewellery
Jewellery or jewelry is a form of personal adornment, such as brooches, rings, necklaces, earrings, and bracelets.With some exceptions, such as medical alert bracelets or military dog tags, jewellery normally differs from other items of personal adornment in that it has no other purpose than to...
; Miniature paintings
Rajput painting
Rajput painting, also known as Rajasthani Painting, is a style of Indian painting, evolved and flourished during the 18th century in the royal courts of Rajputana, India, flowing from the style of Mughal painting, itself derived from the Persian miniature. Each Rajput kingdom evolved a distinct...
; Blue Pottery
Blue Pottery of Jaipur
The art of making blue glaze pottery came to Rajasthan via Kashmir, their entry point into India. The name comes from the eye-catching Persian blue dye used to color the clay. The Jaipur blue pottery, made out of Egyptian paste, is glazed and low-fired. Some of this pottery is semi-transparent and...
; Ivory carving
Ivory carving
Ivory carving is the carving of ivory, that is to say animal tooth or tusk, by using sharp cutting tools, either mechanically or manually. The ancient craft has now virtually ceased, as since CITES it is illegal under most circumstances throughout the world....
; Shellac work
Shellac
Shellac is a resin secreted by the female lac bug, on trees in the forests of India and Thailand. It is processed and sold as dry flakes , which are dissolved in ethyl alcohol to make liquid shellac, which is used as a brush-on colorant, food glaze and wood finish...
; Leatherware
Leather crafting
Leather crafting or simply Leathercraft is the practice of making leather into craft objects or works of art, using shaping techniques, coloring techniques or both.-Dyeing:...
, etc.
Performing Arts
Jaipur also has its own performing arts. The Jaipur Gharana of KathakKathak
Kathak is one of the eight forms of Indian classical dances, originated from Uttar Pradesh, India. This dance form traces its origins to the nomadic bards of ancient northern India, known as Kathaks, or storytellers...
is a notable example. Others include Tamasha
Tamasha
Tamasha is a traditional Marathi folk art form. often with singing and dancing, widely performed by local or travelling theatre groups within the state of Maharashtra, India. It has also been the subject of several Marathi films...
Cuisine
The city has a very delectable cuisine. Some of the local dishes have become world-famous names. Typical dishes include Dal Baati Churma, Missi RotiRoti
Roti is generally a South Asian bread made from stoneground wholemeal flour, traditionally known as atta flour, that originated and is consumed in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka. It is also consumed in parts of the Southern Caribbean, particularly in Guyana, Suriname, Trinidad and...
. Sweet dishes include Ghevar
Ghevar
Ghevar is a famous Rajasthani sweet traditionally associated with the Teej Festival. It is disc-shaped, and made from oil, flour and sugar syrup...
, Feeni, Chauguni ke laddu, Moong Thal.
Festivals
A number of festivals are organized in the city at various time of the year. Some of them include Gangaur FestivalGangaur
Gangaur is a festival celebrated in the Indian state of Rajasthan.Gangaur is the colourful and the one of the most important festivals of people of Rajasthan and is observed throughout the state with great fervour and devotion by womenfolk who worship Gauri, the consort of Lord Shiva during...
, Jaipur Literature Festival
Jaipur Literature Festival
The Jaipur Literature Festival is an annual literary festival taking place in the pink city of Jaipur since 2006. The Diggi Palace Hotel serves as the main venue of the festival...
, Kite
Kite
A kite is a tethered aircraft. The necessary lift that makes the kite wing fly is generated when air flows over and under the kite's wing, producing low pressure above the wing and high pressure below it. This deflection also generates horizontal drag along the direction of the wind...
festival, Teej
Teej
Teej is a fasting festival for Hindu women. It takes place on the third day of Shukla Paksha of the Shraavana or Saawan month of Hindu calendar that normally falls from late July to early September...
festival, Shitla Mata Fair, Chaksu
Chaksu
Chaksu is a city and a municipality in Jaipur district in the state of Rajasthan, India.-Geography:Chaksu is located at . It has an average elevation of .-Demographics:...
Fair, Elephant Fair.
Sports
PoloPolo
Polo is a team sport played on horseback in which the objective is to score goals against an opposing team. Sometimes called, "The Sport of Kings", it was highly popularized by the British. Players score by driving a small white plastic or wooden ball into the opposing team's goal using a...
, shooting
Shooting
Shooting is the act or process of firing rifles, shotguns or other projectile weapons such as bows or crossbows. Even the firing of artillery, rockets and missiles can be called shooting. A person who specializes in shooting is a marksman...
, golf
Golf
Golf is a precision club and ball sport, in which competing players use many types of clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a golf course using the fewest number of strokes....
, cricket
Cricket
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11 players on an oval-shaped field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard long pitch. One team bats, trying to score as many runs as possible while the other team bowls and fields, trying to dismiss the batsmen and thus limit the...
, tennis
Tennis
Tennis is a sport usually played between two players or between two teams of two players each . Each player uses a racket that is strung to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over a net into the opponent's court. Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society at all...
, badminton
Badminton
Badminton is a racquet sport played by either two opposing players or two opposing pairs , who take positions on opposite halves of a rectangular court that is divided by a net. Players score points by striking a shuttlecock with their racquet so that it passes over the net and lands in their...
and kabaddi
Kabaddi
Kabaddi is a South Asian team sport...
are the most popular sports in the city. Sawai Mansingh Stadium
Sawai Mansingh Stadium
The Sawai Mansingh Stadium is a cricket stadium in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. It was built in the reign of Maharaja Sawai Man Singh II who was also known as SMS; hence the name of the SMS Stadium in short. It is situated at one corner of the Rambagh Circle...
having a seating capacity
Seating capacity
Seating capacity refers to the number of people who can be seated in a specific space, both in terms of the physical space available, and in terms of limitations set by law. Seating capacity can be used in the description of anything ranging from an automobile that seats two to a stadium that seats...
of 30,000 has hosted many national and international cricket matches. Besides cricket, the sports complex has excellent sports facilities for various indoor and outdoor sports. Many international badminton and tennis tournaments have happened here. The city is also represented in the IPL
Indian Premier League
The Indian Premier League is a professional league for Twenty20 cricket competition in India. It was initiated by the Board of Control for Cricket in India , headquartered in Mumbai, and is supervised by BCCI Vice President Rajeev Shukla, who serves as the league's Chairman and Commissioner...
by the team Rajasthan Royals
Rajasthan Royals
Rajasthan Royals is an Indian Premier League franchise based on the city of the Jaipur captained and coached by former Australian leg-spinner Shane Warne.They were the champions of the inaugural edition of the Indian Premier League...
. The Polo Club
Polo Club
Australian hip hop group, Polo Club, comprises vocalist Dyl Thomas and producer Cameron Chapman. Polo Club is notable for innovating a fresh approach to Hiphop/Beat Making/Ideas/Flows...
caters to Polo lovers and permits free entrance to public spectators during the polo season. The JDA Shooting Ranges at Jagatpura provide world class facilities for Air Gun, Trap and Skeet Shooting and are open to public. The Rambagh Golf Club, located next to the Rambagh Palace and the Polo Club is open to public for playing golf. Jai Club and other clubs throughout city provide facilities for other sports. Most of the schools have excellent sports facilities for ball games such as cricket, football, tennis, basketball, hockey, etc.
Education
Recently, Jaipur has become a developed centre for education. The city is very peaceful and many north Indian families prefer to send their offspring to Jaipur for higher and technical education. Jaipur has more than 60 Engineering colleges, 40 Business management institutes, 15 Pharmacy Institutes, 4 hotel management Institutes, 3 Medical colleges and 6 Dental colleges. It also has 8 universities including the Rajasthan University. National Institute of Agricultural Marketing, Jaipur, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur , The LNM Institute of Information Technology, Jaipur ( Deemed UniversityDeemed University
Deemed university is a status of autonomy granted to high performing institutes and departments of various universities in India. This status of ‘Deemed-to-be-University’, is granted by Department of Higher Education, Union Human Resource Development Ministry, on the advice of the University Grants...
) Jaipur National University and Suresh Gyanvihar University are one of the best technical institutes in India. The city is also home to more than 250 schools affiliated with CBSE and ICSE
Indian Certificate of Secondary Education
The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education or ICSE examination is an examination conducted by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations, a private, non-governmental board of school education in India, for class 10, i.e., grade 10...
, Prominent amongst them are the Bhartiya Vidya Bhavan's Vidyashram, Maharaja Sawai Man Singh Vidyala, Maharani Gaytri Devi School, Army Public School, Seedling School, St. Xavier's School, Step by Step, Maheshwari Public School, Maheshwari girls public school etc.
Media
In jaipur city when we talk about print media then there is publication of Largest circulated & most reliable Hindi business daily Nafa Nukasan, then in routine daily news papers Rajasthan Patrika, Dainik Navjyoti, Rashtradoot, Daink bhaskar, Samachar jagat, Mehaka bharat, Morning news and among English Times of India and DNA. The state-owned All India RadioAll India Radio
All India Radio , officially known since 1956 as Akashvani , is the radio broadcaster of India and a division of Prasar Bharati. Established in 1936, it is the sister service of Prasar Bharati's Doordarshan, the national television broadcaster. All India Radio is one of the largest radio networks...
Jaipur is broadcast both on the Medium Wave and FM bands in the city. It competes with six private local FM stations—Radio Mirchi
Radio Mirchi
Radio Mirchi is a nationwide network of private FM radio stations in India. It is owned by the Entertainment Network India Ltd , which is one of the subsidiaries of The Times Group....
(98.3 MHz), Radio City
Radio City
Radio City can refer to several things:* Radio City , 1974 album by Big Star* Radio City * Radio City 96.7, an independent radio station in Liverpool** Radio City Tower, a radio and observation tower in Liverpool...
(91.1 MHz), My FM (94.3 MHz), Radio Tadka 95 FM (95.0 MHz), Gyan Vaani (105.6 MHz) and South Asia FM (Red FM
Red FM
The name Red FM refers to more than one radio station:* Red FM , a commercial radio network covering the remote areas of Western Australia* Red FM , an Indian radio brand with stations broadcasting at 93.5 MHz across the country...
) (93.5 MHz). The city also has a community FM channel in FM Radio 7 by India International School Institutional Network. The public broadcaster Doordarshan
DoorDarshan
Doordarshan is an Indian public service broadcaster, a division of Prasar Bharati. It is one of the largest broadcasting organizations in India in terms of the infrastructure of studios and transmitters. Recently, it has also started Digital Terrestrial Transmitters. On September 15, 2009,...
(Prasar Bharati
Prasar Bharati
Prasar Bharati is India's largest public broadcaster. It is an autonomous body set up by an Act of Parliament and comprises Doordarshan television network and All India Radio which were earlier media units of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India.Prasar Bharati was...
) provides a regional channel besides the mainstay channels. DTH is gaining popularity over private cable operators for television viewing. The city's telephone services are provided by landline and mobile operators such as BSNL, Reliance
Reliance Communications
Reliance Communications Ltd. is an Indian broadband and telecommunications company headquartered in Navi Mumbai, India. RCOM is the world's 16th largest mobile phone operator with over 144 million subscribers. Established on 2004, a subsidiary of the Reliance Group...
CDMA & Reliance GSM, Airtel, MTS, Uninor
Uninor
Uninor is a mobile operator in India. The company holds Unified Access Service licences to offer mobile telephony services in each of India’s 22 telecom circles, and has received spectrum to roll out services in 21 of these...
, Tata Docomo
Tata DoCoMo
TATA DoCoMo, referred to as DoCoMo , is a Tata Teleservices Limited owned cellular service provider on the GSM and CDMA platform-arising out of the Tata Group's strategic joint venture with Japanese telecom giant NTT Docomo in November 2008...
, Aircel
Aircel
Aircel group is a mobile phone service provider in India. It offers both prepaid and postpaid GSM cellular phone coverage throughout India. The Aircel group is a joint venture between Maxis Communications Berhad of Malaysia and Sindya Securities & Investments Private Limited, whose current...
, Vodafone
Vodafone
Vodafone Group Plc is a global telecommunications company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It is the world's largest mobile telecommunications company measured by revenues and the world's second-largest measured by subscribers , with around 341 million proportionate subscribers as of...
, Idea
Idea
In the most narrow sense, an idea is just whatever is before the mind when one thinks. Very often, ideas are construed as representational images; i.e. images of some object. In other contexts, ideas are taken to be concepts, although abstract concepts do not necessarily appear as images...
and Tata Indicom
Tata Indicom
Tata Teleservices Limited is a Indian broadband and telecommunications provider based in Mumbai, India. It is a subsidiary of the Tata Group, an Indian conglomerate...
.
Transport
Road
The city of Jaipur is the capital of the state of Rajasthan and is centrally located. National Highway No.8 links DelhiDelhi
Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...
to Mumbai
Mumbai
Mumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...
, National Highway No.12 links to Kota
Kota, Rajasthan
Kota , formerly known as Kotah, is a city in the northern Indian state of Rajasthan. It is located south of state capital, Jaipur. Situated on the banks of Chambal River, the city is the trade centre for an area in which millet, wheat, rice, pulses, coriander and oilseeds are grown; industries...
and National Highway No.11
National Highway 11 (India)
National Highway 11 or NH 11 is a National Highway in India that links Agra in Uttar Pradesh with Bikaner in Rajasthan. This -long highway passes through Bharatpur, Dausa, Jaipur, Sikar and Fatehpur before terminating on National Highway 15 at Bikaner....
links Bikaner to Agra
Agra
Agra a.k.a. Akbarabad is a city on the banks of the river Yamuna in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India, west of state capital, Lucknow and south from national capital New Delhi. With a population of 1,686,976 , it is one of the most populous cities in Uttar Pradesh and the 19th most...
, passing through Jaipur district with a total length of 366 km. The total length of different types of roads in the district was approximately 4,102 km in March 2000.RSRTC operates bus service to all the parts of Rajasthan
Rajasthan
Rājasthān the land of Rajasthanis, , is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It is located in the northwest of India. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with...
and New delhi
New Delhi
New Delhi is the capital city of India. It serves as the centre of the Government of India and the Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi. New Delhi is situated within the metropolis of Delhi. It is one of the nine districts of Delhi Union Territory. The total area of the city is...
, Uttar pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...
, Haryana
Haryana
Haryana is a state in India. Historically, it has been a part of the Kuru region in North India. The name Haryana is found mentioned in the 12th century AD by the apabhramsha writer Vibudh Shridhar . It is bordered by Punjab and Himachal Pradesh to the north, and by Rajasthan to the west and south...
, Madhya pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh , often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and Indore is the largest city....
, Gujarat.Bus service is operated from Sindhi camp
Sindhi Camp
Sindhi Camp is the inter-state bus terminal of Jaipur city. It is located along Station road in Jaipur. It is Central Bus stand for Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation . Buses are available for Rajasthan, Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Gujarat and various other locations....
, Jawahar nagar bus stand, Durgapura bus stand, Sodala bus stand.
City Bus
City buses are operated by Jaipur City Transport Services Limited(JCTSL). of RSRTCRajasthan State Road Transport Corporation
Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation is the largest provider of intercity bus transportation in Rajasthan state in India.It was established by Government of Rajasthan on 1 October 1964. Its headquarter is in Jaipur. It has about 54 depots across the state and 3 depots outside the state i.e....
under JNNURM. The total number of city buses being operated stands more than 300. It includes both regular buses and low-floor buses. There are 3 bus depots Vaishali Nagar, vidyadhar nagar and Sanganer
Sanganer
Sanganer is a town situated 15 km south of Jaipur, the capital of Indian state of Rajasthan. The town is famous for handmade paper industry, textile printing and for Jain temples. Sanganer prints are one of its own kinds, for the reason that patterns in bright colors are always printed on white...
.The city bus service covers whole city.AC Low floor buses are also operated by JCTCL. A Hop on Hop off Bus Service is also proposed for tourists.
Jaipur BRTS
Jaipur Bus Rapid Transit Service was approved by government in August 2006 for implementation. The responsibility for managing Jaipur BRTS has been given to JCSTL, a Special Purpose Vehicle formed by Jaipur Development Authority and Jaipur Nagar Nigam in a joint venture. The BRTS is expected to cater to city's growing traffic for next 15–20 years. In Phase I, two corridors have been proposed.- Sikar Road to Tonk Road – North-South Corridor
- Ajmer Road to Delhi Road – East-West Corridor
A section of North-South Corridor from C-Zone Bypass near Harmada to Pani Pech became operational in 2010.
Rail
Jaipur is the headquarters of the North Western Railway zone of the Indian RailwaysIndian Railways
Indian Railways , abbreviated as IR , is a departmental undertaking of Government of India, which owns and operates most of India's rail transport. It is overseen by the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India....
, and the Jaipur Division of the North Western Railway. Jaipur Railway Station
Jaipur Railway Station
Jaipur Railway Station is the largest of all railway stations in Jaipur. Jaipur also serves as the headquarters of the North Western Railway zone of the Indian Railways since 2002.. The Jaipur Division of the North Western Railway is also headquartered at Jaipur.- Overview :It is located along...
was a railway station with metre gauge lines, which has mostly been converted to broad gauge under Project Unigauge of the Indian Railways (1988 to 1995). It has direct trains on the broad gauge
Broad gauge
Broad-gauge railways use a track gauge greater than the standard gauge of .- List :For list see: List of broad gauges, by gauge and country- History :...
network to all major cities in Rajasthan and India such as Delhi
Delhi
Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...
, Mumbai
Mumbai
Mumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...
, Kolkata
Kolkata
Kolkata , formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it was the commercial capital of East India...
, Chennai
Chennai
Chennai , formerly known as Madras or Madarasapatinam , is the capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal. Chennai is the fourth most populous metropolitan area and the sixth most populous city in India...
, Kota
Kota, Rajasthan
Kota , formerly known as Kotah, is a city in the northern Indian state of Rajasthan. It is located south of state capital, Jaipur. Situated on the banks of Chambal River, the city is the trade centre for an area in which millet, wheat, rice, pulses, coriander and oilseeds are grown; industries...
, Hyderabad, Bangalore
Bangalore
Bengaluru , formerly called Bengaluru is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bangalore is nicknamed the Garden City and was once called a pensioner's paradise. Located on the Deccan Plateau in the south-eastern part of Karnataka, Bangalore is India's third most populous city and...
, Gandhinagar, Kochi
Kochi
-Places:* Kochi, a city in the state of Kerala, India, formerly known as Cochin* Kingdom of Cochin, a former feudal city-state on Malabar Coast, India** Fort Kochi, one of the three main urban components which constitute the present day city of Kochi, Kerala, India...
, Pune
Pune
Pune , is the eighth largest metropolis in India, the second largest in the state of Maharashtra after Mumbai, and the largest city in the Western Ghats. Once the centre of power of the Maratha Empire, it is situated 560 metres above sea level on the Deccan plateau at the confluence of the Mula ...
, Indore
Indore
Indore is one of the major city in India, the largest city and commercial center of the state of Madhya Pradesh in central India. Indore is located 190 km west of the state capital Bhopal. According to the 2011 Indian census, Indore city has a population of 1,960,631...
, Bhopal, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Nagpur
Nagpur
Nāgpur is a city and winter capital of the state of Maharashtra, the largest city in central India and third largest city in Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune...
, Raipur, Lucknow
Lucknow
Lucknow is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh in India. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of Lucknow District and Lucknow Division....
, Kanpur, Varanasi
Varanasi
-Etymology:The name Varanasi has its origin possibly from the names of the two rivers Varuna and Assi, for the old city lies in the north shores of the Ganga bounded by its two tributaries, the Varuna and the Asi, with the Ganges being to its south...
, Patna
Patna
Paṭnā , is the capital of the Indian state of Bihar and the second largest city in Eastern India . Patna is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world...
, Trivendrum etc. and metre gauge
Metre gauge
Metre gauge refers to narrow gauge railways and tramways with a track gauge of . In some African, American and Asian countries it is the main gauge. In Europe it has been used for local railways in France, Germany, and Belgium, most of which were closed down in mid 20th century. Only in Switzerland...
network to Sri Ganganagar, Churu
Churu
Churu is a town in the desert region of Rajasthan state of India. It is the administrative headquarters of Churu District. It lies in the Thar Desert on the National Highway-65 connecting Pali to Ambala and is a junction station on the railway line to Bikaner...
and Sikar
Sikar
Sikar is a city located in the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan state in India. It is the administrative headquarter of Sikar District. Sikar is a historical city and contains many old Havelis which are a huge tourist attraction. The best way to reach the city is to use road transport from Jaipur...
. One of India's most famous and luxurious trains The Palace on Wheels
Palace on Wheels
The Palace on Wheels is a luxury tourist train. It was launched by the Indian Railways to promote tourism in Rajasthan, and has been highly popular since its launch....
, also makes a scheduled stop in Jaipur.
Jaipur Metro
An ambitious rapid transit rail project by the name Jaipur MetroJaipur Metro
The Jaipur Metro is a rapid transit under construction in the city of Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Construction of the first part of the first line, comprising 9.2 km from Mansarovar to Chandpol, started on November 13, 2010.- Background :...
is under progress. It will provide means of faster commutation for the city residents. It is expected to be operational by 2014.
Air
Jaipur International AirportJaipur Airport
Jaipur International Airport is in the southern suburb of Sanganer, from Jaipur, the capital of the Indian state of Rajasthan.Jaipur airport is the only international airport in the state of Rajasthan. It was granted the status of international airport on 29 December 2005...
is situated in its satellite town of Sanganer
Sanganer
Sanganer is a town situated 15 km south of Jaipur, the capital of Indian state of Rajasthan. The town is famous for handmade paper industry, textile printing and for Jain temples. Sanganer prints are one of its own kinds, for the reason that patterns in bright colors are always printed on white...
, at a distance of 10 km from city center and offers sporadic service to major domestic and international locations. The Terminal 1 is used for both international and domestic flights, while Terminal 2 is reserved for domestic carriers. The airport handled 255,704 international and 1,267,876 passengers in 2009-2010. Jaipur Airport also provides air cargo services. The up-gradation of airport has offered improved connectivity and wider choice of services to air travellers, boosting both international tourism and economic development of the region. Frequently, during winter, many flights for Indira Gandhi International Airport
Indira Gandhi International Airport
Indira Gandhi International Airport is the primary international airport of the National Capital Region of Delhi, India, situated in West Delhi, 16 km southwest of New Delhi city centre. Named after Indira Gandhi, the former Prime Minister of India, it is the busiest airport in India in...
are diverted to Jaipur airport due to heavy fog in Delhi
Delhi
Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...
.
Sister cities
Jaipur has the following sister cities: FremontFremont, California
Fremont is a city in Alameda County, California. It was incorporated on January 23, 1956, from the merger of five smaller communities: Centerville, Niles, Irvington, Mission San Jose, and Warm Springs...
, California
California
California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
since 1993 Calgary
Calgary
Calgary is a city in the Province of Alberta, Canada. It is located in the south of the province, in an area of foothills and prairie, approximately east of the front ranges of the Canadian Rockies...
, Alberta
Alberta
Alberta is a province of Canada. It had an estimated population of 3.7 million in 2010 making it the most populous of Canada's three prairie provinces...
, Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
since 1973 Lagos
Lagos
Lagos is a port and the most populous conurbation in Nigeria. With a population of 7,937,932, it is currently the third most populous city in Africa after Cairo and Kinshasa, and currently estimated to be the second fastest growing city in Africa...
, Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria , officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in...
Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
Further reading
- R.S. Khangarot, P.S. Nathawat Jaigarh- The Invincible Fort of Amber, RBSA Publishers, Jaipur (1990)
- Andreas Volwahsen, Cosmic Architecture in India: The Astronomical Monuments of Maharaja Jai Singh II, Prestel Mapin, MunichMunichMunich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
(2001) - J Sarkar, A History of Jaipur, Orient Longman Limited, New Delhi (1984)
Bharat singh
- Kavi Shiromani Bhatt Mathuranath Shastry "Jaipur Vaibhawam" (History of Jaipur witten in Sanskrit verses), 1948, (Re-Published by Kalanath Shastry), "Manjunath Smriti Sansthan, Jaipur (2002)
External links
- Jaipur District Administration site
- Department of Urban Development and Housing, Government of Rajasthan
- Official Website of Jaipur Development Authority
- Official Website of Jaipur Municipal Corporation
- Pink.City.Mag: A digital magazine about Pink City Jaipur.
- Hospitals in Jaipur
- Evolution of Jaipur