July 1, 1927 (Friday)

• The first coast-to-coast radio network hookup in Canada was made for the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the Dominion.
• The airplane America, along with Commander Richard E. Byrd and its crew, Bert Acosta
  Bert Acosta
  Bertrand Blanchard Acosta was a record setting aviator. With Clarence D. Chamberlin they set an endurance record of 51 hours, 11 minutes, and 25 seconds in the air. He later flew in the Spanish Civil War in the Yankee Squadron. He was known as the Bad Boy of the Air...
  
  , George O. Noville and Bert Balchen, crashed into the sea as they attempted to duplicate Charles Lindbergh's flight from New York to Paris. ortunately, the aviators were within 200 meters of the beach at Ver-sur-Mer
  Ver-sur-Mer
  -References:*...
  
   when their plane ran out of fuel at 5:45 am, and they survived the ordeal.
• Born: Chandra Shekhar Singh, 8th Prime Minister of India
  Prime Minister of India
  The Prime Minister of India , as addressed to in the Constitution of India — Prime Minister for the Union, is the chief of government, head of the Council of Ministers and the leader of the majority party in parliament...
  
   (1990–91), in Ibrahimpatti
  Ibrahimpatti
  Ibrahimpatti Near Koth, Ballia is a village in Ballia District of Uttar Pradesh, India, with total population of 1,513 . It is situsted 70 km from Ballia....
  
  

July 2, 1927 (Saturday)

• Jane Eads, reporter for the Chicago Herald and Examiner
  Chicago's American
  Chicago American, an afternoon newspaper in Chicago, Illinois, was the last flowering of the aggressive journalistic tradition depicted in the play and movie The Front Page....
  
   became the first airline
  Airline
  An airline provides air transport services for traveling passengers and freight. Airlines lease or own their aircraft with which to supply these services and may form partnerships or alliances with other airlines for mutual benefit...
  
   passenger, completing a flight from Chicago to San Francisco, on a Boeing Air Transport Model 40 that flew. The airline would later become United Airlines
  United Airlines
  United Air Lines, Inc., is the world's largest airline with 86,852 employees United Air Lines, Inc., is the world's largest airline with 86,852 employees United Air Lines, Inc., is the world's largest airline with 86,852 employees (which includes the entire holding company United Continental...
  
  .
• Henri Cochet
  Henri Cochet
  Henri Jean Cochet was a champion tennis player, one of the famous "Four Musketeers" from France who dominated tennis in the late 1920s and early 1930s....
  
   won the Wimbledon finals over fellow Frenchman Jean Borotra
  Jean Borotra
  Jean Robert Borotra was a French champion tennis player. He was one of the famous "Four Musketeers" from his country who dominated tennis in the late 1920s and early 1930s.-Career:...
  
   after losing the first two sets, 4-6 and 4-6, then won the next two 6-3, 6-4, and took the match 7-5. The day before, Cochet had made the finals by defeating Bill Tilden
  Bill Tilden
  William Tatem Tilden II , nicknamed "Big Bill," is often considered one of the greatest tennis players of all time. An American tennis player who was the World No. 1 player for seven years, he won 14 Majors including ten Grand Slams and four Pro Slams. Bill Tilden dominated the world of...
  
   in the same come from behind fashion, losing the first 2 sets and winning the other three. Helen Wills
  Helen Wills Moody
  Helen Newington Wills Roark , also known as Helen Wills Moody, was an American tennis player. She has been described as "the first American born woman to achieve international celebrity as an athlete."-Biography:...
  
   became the first American player in 20 years to win the women's singles, beating Spanish champion Lili de Alvarez
  Lili de Alvarez
  Lili de Alvarez was a Spanish multi-sport competitor, an international tennis champion, an author, and a journalist....
  
   in straight sets, 6-2, 6-4.
• Lord Norman, Governor of the Bank of England
  Bank of England
  The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom and the model on which most modern central banks have been based. Established in 1694, it is the second oldest central bank in the world...
  
   and Hjalmar Schacht
  Hjalmar Schacht
  Dr. Hjalmar Horace Greeley Schacht was a German economist, banker, liberal politician, and co-founder of the German Democratic Party. He served as the Currency Commissioner and President of the Reichsbank under the Weimar Republic...
  
   of the German Reichsbank
  Reichsbank
  The Reichsbank was the central bank of Germany from 1876 until 1945. It was founded on 1 January 1876 . The Reichsbank was a privately owned central bank of Prussia, under close control by the Reich government. Its first president was Hermann von Dechend...
  
   met at Long Island with U.S. Undersecretary of the Treasury Ogden Mills
  Ogden Mills
  Ogden Mills was an American financier and Thoroughbred racehorse owner.-Life and career:Born in Millbrae, California, he was the son of Jane Templeton Cunningham and her husband Darius Ogden Mills, a highly successful banker and investor who in 1910 left Odgen Mills and his sister an estate valued...
  
   to make plans to boost the American and world economies.
• Niels Bohr
  Niels Bohr
  Niels Henrik David Bohr was a Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum mechanics, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922. Bohr mentored and collaborated with many of the top physicists of the century at his institute in...
  
   began working on his description of space-time in quantum and wave mechanics,
• Died, Harry Franklin, pioneering movie director

July 3, 1927 (Sunday)

• Satchel Paige
  Satchel Paige
  Leroy Robert "Satchel" Paige was an American baseball player whose pitching in the Negro leagues and in Major League Baseball made him a legend in his own lifetime...
  
   made his Negro Leagues debut, pitching for the Birmingham Black Barons
  Birmingham Black Barons
  The Birmingham Black Barons played professional baseball for Birmingham, Alabama, in the Negro Leagues from 1920 to 1960 when the Major Leagues successfully integrated...
  
   in a game at Detroit. After 21 years, Paige would, at 42, become the oldest rookie in Major League Baseball
  Major League Baseball
  Major League Baseball is the highest level of professional baseball in the United States and Canada, consisting of teams that play in the National League and the American League...
  
  , joining the Cleveland Indians
  Cleveland Indians
  The Cleveland Indians are a professional baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio. They are in the Central Division of Major League Baseball's American League. Since , they have played in Progressive Field. The team's spring training facility is in Goodyear, Arizona...
  
   in 1948 after the integration of baseball. At 59, he made his final appearance, pitching for the Kansas City A's.
• Born: Ken Russell
  Ken Russell
  Henry Kenneth Alfred "Ken" Russell was an English film director, known for his pioneering work in television and film and for his flamboyant and controversial style. He attracted criticism as being obsessed with sexuality and the church...
  
  , British film director, in Southampton
  Southampton
  Southampton is the largest city in the county of Hampshire on the south coast of England, and is situated south-west of London and north-west of Portsmouth. Southampton is a major port and the closest city to the New Forest...
  
   (Women in Love, Altered States)

July 4, 1927 (Monday)

• Sukarno
  Sukarno
  Sukarno, born Kusno Sosrodihardjo was the first President of Indonesia.Sukarno was the leader of his country's struggle for independence from the Netherlands and was Indonesia's first President from 1945 to 1967...
  
   (born Kusno Sosrodihardjo) founded the Perserikatan Nasional Indonesia, seeking independence from the Netherlands. In 1945, he would become the first President of Indonesia
  President of Indonesia
  The President of the Republic of Indonesia is the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Indonesia.The first president was Sukarno and the current president is Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.- Sukarno era :...
  
  .
• The Lockheed Vega
  Lockheed Vega
  |-See also:-References:NotesCitationsBibliography* Allen, Richard Sanders. Revolution in the Sky: Those Fabulous Lockheeds, The Pilots Who Flew Them. Brattleboro, Vermont: The Stephen Greene Press, 1964....
  
  , first airplane manufactured by the Lockheed Corporation
  Lockheed Corporation
  The Lockheed Corporation was an American aerospace company. Lockheed was founded in 1912 and later merged with Martin Marietta to form Lockheed Martin in 1995.-Origins:...
  
  , made its inaugural flight, with Eddie Belande taking the plane up from Mines Field in Los Angeles.
• Joseph Goebbels
  Joseph Goebbels
  Paul Joseph Goebbels was a German politician and Reich Minister of Propaganda in Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945. As one of Adolf Hitler's closest associates and most devout followers, he was known for his zealous oratory and anti-Semitism...
  
   published the first issue of the Nazi newspaper, Der Angriff
  Der Angriff
  Der Angriff was a German language newspaper founded in 1927 by the Berlin Gau of the Nazi Party.The newspaper was set up by Joseph Goebbels, who in 1926 had become the Nazi Party leader in Berlin, and the party provided most of the money needed to ensure publication...
  
  , which promoted Goebbels' views until its last issue in April 1945.
• Born: Neil Simon
  Neil Simon
  Neil Simon is an American playwright and screenwriter. He has written numerous Broadway plays, including Brighton Beach Memoirs, Biloxi Blues, and The Odd Couple. He won the 1991 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for his play Lost In Yonkers. He has written the screenplays for several of his plays that...
  
  , American playwright, in the Bronx, New York; and Gina Lollobrigida
  Gina Lollobrigida
  Gina Lollobrigida is an Italian actress, photojournalist and sculptress. She was one of the most popular European actresses of the 1950s and early 1960s. She was also an iconic sex symbol of the 1950s. Today, she remains an active supporter of Italian and Italian American causes, particularly the...
  
  , Italian and American film actress, in Subiaco, Italy
  Subiaco, Italy
  Subiaco is a town and comune in the Province of Rome, in Lazio, Italy, from Tivoli alongside the river Aniene. It is mainly renowned as a tourist and religious resort for its sacred grotto , in the St. Benedict's Abbey, and the other Abbey of St. Scholastica...
  
  ; and

July 5, 1927 (Tuesday)

• The Verein fur Raumschiffahrt
  Verein für Raumschiffahrt
  The Verein für Raumschiffahrt was a German amateur rocket association prior to World War II that included members outside of Germany...
  
   (VfR, or Association for Space Travel) was founded at the Goldenes Zepter tavern in Breslau, Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
  
   (now Wroclaw
  Wroclaw
  Wrocław , situated on the River Oder , is the main city of southwestern Poland.Wrocław was the historical capital of Silesia and is today the capital of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship. Over the centuries, the city has been part of either Poland, Bohemia, Austria, Prussia, or Germany, but since 1945...
  
  , Poland
  Poland
  Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
  
  ) by various German rocket scientists including Hermann Oberth
  Hermann Oberth
  Hermann Julius Oberth was an Austro-Hungarian-born German physicist and engineer. He is considered one of the founding fathers of rocketry and astronautics.- Early life :...
  
  , Walter Hohmann
  Walter Hohmann
  Walter Hohmann was a German engineer who made an important contribution to the understanding of orbital dynamics. In a book published in 1925, Hohmann demonstrated a very fuel-efficient path to move a spacecraft between two different orbits, now called a Hohmann transfer orbit. He received his Ph.D...
  
  , Johannes Winkler
  Johannes Winkler
  Johannes Winkler was a German rocket pioneer who founded the first German rocket society and launched the first successful liquid-fuelled rocket in Europe....
  
  ,
• The S.S. Presidente Saavedra, the only ship of the Bolivian Naval Force, sank in the harbor outside of Buenos Aires, Argentina, after springing a leak.
• Died: Albrecht Kossel
  Albrecht Kossel
  Ludwig Karl Martin Leonhard Albrecht Kossel was a German biochemist and pioneer in the study of genetics. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1910 for his work in determining the chemical composition of nucleic acids, the genetic substance of biological cells.Kossel...
  
  , 73, German physician and 1910 Nobel Prize laureate
• Born: Thomas J. Fleming, American author, in Jersey City, NJ

July 6, 1927 (Wednesday)

• The Church of England
  Church of England
  The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England and the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion. The church considers itself within the tradition of Western Christianity and dates its formal establishment principally to the mission to England by St...
  
  's governing assembly voted 517-133 in favor of the proposed revision of the Book of Common Prayer
  Book of Common Prayer
  The Book of Common Prayer is the short title of a number of related prayer books used in the Anglican Communion, as well as by the Continuing Anglican, "Anglican realignment" and other Anglican churches. The original book, published in 1549 , in the reign of Edward VI, was a product of the English...
  
  .
• The song "My Blue Heaven
  My Blue Heaven (song)
  "My Blue Heaven" is a popular song written by Walter Donaldson with lyrics by George A. Whiting. It has become part of various fake book collections....
  
  " was recorded for the first time, by Paul Whiteman
  Paul Whiteman
  Paul Samuel Whiteman was an American bandleader and orchestral director.Leader of the most popular dance bands in the United States during the 1920s, Whiteman's recordings were immensely successful, and press notices often referred to him as the "King of Jazz"...
  
   and his Orchestra, and became one of the year's top-selling records.
• Born: Janet Leigh
  Janet Leigh
  Janet Leigh , born Jeanette Helen Morrison, was an American actress. She was the wife of actor Tony Curtis from June 1951 to September 1962 and the mother of Kelly Curtis and Jamie Lee Curtis....
  
  , American film actress, as Jeanette Morrison, in Merced, California
  Merced, California
  Merced is a city in, and the county seat of, Merced County, California in the San Joaquin Valley of Northern California. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 78,958. Incorporated in 1889, Merced is a charter city that operates under a council-manager government...
  
   (d. 2004); Pat Paulsen
  Pat Paulsen
  Patrick Layton "Pat" Paulsen was an American comedian and satirist notable for his roles on several of the Smothers Brothers TV shows, and for his campaigns for President of the United States in 1968, 1972, 1980, 1988, 1992, and 1996, which had primarily comedic rather than political objectives,...
  
  , American comedian and perennial presidential candidate, in South Bend, Washington
  South Bend, Washington
  South Bend is a city in Pacific County, Washington, United States. It is the county seat of Pacific County. The population was 1,637 as of the 2010 census, a decrease of 9.4% from the 2000 census figures. The town is widely known for its oysters and scenery....
  
   (d. 1997); and Alan Freeman
  Alan Freeman
  Alan Leslie "Fluff" Freeman, MBE was a British disc jockey and radio personality in the United Kingdom for 40 years.-Career:...
  
  , British disc jockey, in Melbourne
  Melbourne
  Melbourne is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2009, the greater...
  
  , Australia
  Australia
  Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
  
   (d. 2006)

July 7, 1927 (Thursday)

• Portuguese neurosurgeon Egas Moniz
  Egas Moniz
  António Caetano de Abreu Freire Egas Moniz , known as Egas Moniz , was a Portuguese neurologist and the developer of cerebral angiography...
  
   first presented his discovery of cerebral angiography
  Cerebral angiography
  Cerebral angiography is a form of angiography which provides images of blood vessels in and around the brain, thereby allowing detection of abnormalities such as arteriovenous malformations and aneurysms....
  
   areterial encephelography in a paper presented at the Societe de Neurologie in Paris. Moniz had discovered a safe method of detecting brain tumors by injecting contrast into the cervical carotid artery.
• In his weekly magazine, The Dearborn Independent, auto manufacturer Henry Ford
  Henry Ford
  Henry Ford was an American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production. His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry...
  
   published an apology, widely reprinted, for his anti-Semitic views. The missive was part of a settlement of a libel lawsuit brought by Aaron Sapiro
  Aaron Sapiro
  Aaron Leland Sapiro was a Jewish American cooperative activist and lawyer and major leader of the farmers' movement during the 1920s...
  
  .
• Under pressure from the victorious Allies of World War I, Germany's Reichstag
  Reichstag (Weimar Republic)
  The Reichstag was the parliament of Weimar Republic .German constitution commentators consider only the Reichstag and now the Bundestag the German parliament. Another organ deals with legislation too: in 1867-1918 the Bundesrat, in 1919–1933 the Reichsrat and from 1949 on the Bundesrat...
  
   voted 390-44 to pass a law prohibiting the import or export of war materials.
• Born: Doc Severinsen
  Doc Severinsen
  Carl Hilding "Doc" Severinsen is an American pop and jazz trumpeter. He is best known for leading the NBC Orchestra on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson.-Early life:...
  
  , American bandleader, in Arlington, Oregon
  Arlington, Oregon
  Arlington is a city in Gilliam County, Oregon, United States. The account of how this city received its name varies: one tradition claims it was named after the lawyer Nathan Arlington Cornish; another tradition claims that the Southern inhabitants of this city had enough clout to rename the city...
  
  
• Died: Gösta Mittag-Leffler, 81, Swedish mathematician

July 8, 1927 (Friday)

• Charles Lindbergh
  Charles Lindbergh
  Charles Augustus Lindbergh was an American aviator, author, inventor, explorer, and social activist.Lindbergh, a 25-year-old U.S...
  
   inaugurated the Transcontinental Air Transport
  Transcontinental Air Transport
  Transcontinental Air Transport was an airline founded in 1928 by Clement Melville Keys that merged in 1930 with Western Air Express to form what became TWA....
  
   airline with the first passenger flight from New York to Los Angeles. The trip would take 48 hours.
• Ban Johnson
  Ban Johnson
  Byron Bancroft "Ban" Johnson , was an American executive in professional baseball who served as the founder and first president of the American League ....
  
  , founder of the American League
  American League
  The American League of Professional Baseball Clubs, or simply the American League , is one of two leagues that make up Major League Baseball in the United States and Canada. It developed from the Western League, a minor league based in the Great Lakes states, which eventually aspired to major...
  
   and its President since 1901, was forced to resign by the owners of the eight teams.
• Died: Max Hoffman
  Max Hoffman
  Max Hoffman, , was an Austrian-born importer of automobiles into the United States during the 1950s. Doing business among gentlemen who knew one another well, he was known for his handshake deals that always were upheld without a written contract...
  
  , 58, German General who led the attack on Russia in World War I

July 9, 1927 (Saturday)

• Torrential rains in Germany
  Germany
  Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
  
   swelled the Elbe River and led to flash floods that killed hundreds in Saxony
  Saxony
  The Free State of Saxony is a landlocked state of Germany, contingent with Brandenburg, Saxony Anhalt, Thuringia, Bavaria, the Czech Republic and Poland. It is the tenth-largest German state in area, with of Germany's sixteen states....
  
  . In the village of Berggießhübel, 93 people drowned when a 7 foot high wave swept through the town. At least 200 people were reported to have died.
• The Federal Trade Commission
  Federal Trade Commission
  The Federal Trade Commission is an independent agency of the United States government, established in 1914 by the Federal Trade Commission Act...
  
   outlawed the practice of "block booking" by film distributors, issuing a cease and desist order to Paramount Pictures
  Paramount Pictures
  Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American film production and distribution company, located at 5555 Melrose Avenue in Hollywood. Founded in 1912 and currently owned by media conglomerate Viacom, it is America's oldest existing film studio; it is also the last major film studio still...
  
  . Until the FTC order, Paramount required cinemas to rent films as part of a block of movies, usually with the arrangement that a popular film had to be accepted along with several less attractive releases.
• Died: John Drew, Jr., 73, American stage actor; and Gregory Kelly
  Ruth Gordon
  Ruth Gordon Jones , better known as Ruth Gordon, was an American actress and writer. She was perhaps best known for her film roles such as Minnie Castevet, Rosemary's overly solicitous neighbor in Rosemary's Baby, as the eccentric Maude in Harold and Maude and as the mother of Orville Boggs in the...
  
  , 36, American stage actor and husband of actress Ruth Gordon
  Ruth Gordon
  Ruth Gordon Jones , better known as Ruth Gordon, was an American actress and writer. She was perhaps best known for her film roles such as Minnie Castevet, Rosemary's overly solicitous neighbor in Rosemary's Baby, as the eccentric Maude in Harold and Maude and as the mother of Orville Boggs in the...
  
  , who outlived him by 58 years.

July 10, 1927 (Sunday)

• Irish Vice-President and Minister of Justice Kevin O'Higgins
  Kevin O'Higgins
  Kevin Christopher O'Higgins was an Irish politician who served as Vice-President of the Executive Council and Minister for Justice. He was part of early nationalist Sinn Féin, before going on to become a prominent member of Cumann na nGaedheal. O'Higgins initiated the An Garda Síochána police force...
  
   was shot while walking to mid-day mass at Blackrock
  Blackrock
  Blackrock is a suburb of Dublin in County Dun Laoghaire-Rathdown, Ireland. It is northwest of Dún Laoghaire.-Location and access:Blackrock covers a large but not precisely defined area, rising from sea level on the coast to at White's Cross on the N11 national primary road. Blackrock is bordered...
  
  . O'Higgins, described as "the Irish Mussolini" and "probably the most respected and at the same time the most hated man in Ireland", had given his bodyguard the day off. A car pulled up beside him and three gunmen jumped out and began firing. Reportedly, he was shot six times, but remained conscious for several hours after being taken back to his home. In response to his murder, the Irish Dail passed repressive legislation that effectively barred the Irish Republican Army from running candidates for office
• General José Sanjurjo
  José Sanjurjo
  General José Sanjurjo y Sacanell, 1st Marquis of the Rif was a General in the Spanish Army who was one of the chief conspirators in the military uprising that led to the Spanish Civil War.-Early life:...
  
   declared the pacification of Spanish Morocco
  Spanish Morocco
  The Spanish protectorate of Morocco was the area of Morocco under colonial rule by the Spanish Empire, established by the Treaty of Fez in 1912 and ending in 1956, when both France and Spain recognized Moroccan independence.-Territorial borders:...
  
   and the end of the Moroccan War after 18 years.
• Born: David Dinkins
  David Dinkins
  David Norman Dinkins is a former politician from New York City. He was the Mayor of New York City from 1990 through 1993; he was the first and is, to date, the only African American to hold that office.-Early life:...
  
  , first African-American Mayor of New York City
  Mayor of New York City
  The Mayor of the City of New York is head of the executive branch of New York City's government. The mayor's office administers all city services, public property, police and fire protection, most public agencies, and enforces all city and state laws within New York City.The budget overseen by the...
  
   (1990–93), in Trenton, New Jersey
  Trenton, New Jersey
  Trenton is the capital of the U.S. state of New Jersey and the county seat of Mercer County. As of the 2010 United States Census, Trenton had a population of 84,913...
  
  

July 11, 1927 (Monday)

• The very first 7-Eleven
  7-Eleven
  7-Eleven is part of an international chain of convenience stores, operating under Seven-Eleven Japan Co. Ltd, which in turn is owned by Seven & I Holdings Co...
  
   convenience store opened, on Edgefield and 12th Streets in Dallas, Texas, on 7/11/1927, with the new concept of staying open from 7:00 am to 11:00pm.
• Striking at 2:10 in the afternoon, a 6.5 magnitude earthquake in Palestine
  Palestine
  Palestine is a conventional name, among others, used to describe the geographic region between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River, and various adjoining lands....
  
   killed more than 200 people. Though initial reports set a higher death toll, a later report by the British Secretary of State for the Colonies put the death toll at 200 in Palestine and another 8 in Trans-Jordan. Hardest hit were Nablus
  Nablus
  Nablus is a Palestinian city in the northern West Bank, approximately north of Jerusalem, with a population of 126,132. Located in a strategic position between Mount Ebal and Mount Gerizim, it is the capital of the Nablus Governorate and a Palestinian commercial and cultural center.Founded by the...
  
  , Ramallah
  Ramallah
  Ramallah is a Palestinian city in the central West Bank located 10 kilometers north of Jerusalem, adjacent to al-Bireh. It currently serves as the de facto administrative capital of the Palestinian National Authority...
  
   and Lydda
  Lod
  Lod is a city located on the Sharon Plain southeast of Tel Aviv in the Center District of Israel. At the end of 2010, it had a population of 70,000, roughly 75 percent Jewish and 25 percent Arab.The name is derived from the Biblical city of Lod...
  
  . The River Jordan dried up, and remained that way for 21 hours.
• More than a century after her death, a sealed box, owned by Joanna Southcott
  Joanna Southcott
  Joanna Southcott , was a self-described religious prophetess. She was born at Gittisham in Devon, England.-Self-revelation:...
  
   and said to contain her final prophecies, was opened at Westminster. Inside the container was a pistol, a nightcap, some coins and other personal belongings... but nothing mysterious.
• African-American singer and actress Ethel Waters
  Ethel Waters
  Ethel Waters was an American blues, jazz and gospel vocalist and actress. She frequently performed jazz, big band, and pop music, on the Broadway stage and in concerts, although she began her career in the 1920s singing blues.Her best-known recordings includes, "Dinah", "Birmingham Bertha",...
  
   made her Broadway debut, appearing in the production Africana.
• Born: Theodore H. Maiman, American inventor and physicist who developed the laser
  Laser
  A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of photons. The term "laser" originated as an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation...
  
  , patented in 1960; in Los Angeles
  Los Ángeles
  Los Ángeles is the capital of the province of Biobío, in the commune of the same name, in Region VIII , in the center-south of Chile. It is located between the Laja and Biobío rivers. The population is 123,445 inhabitants...
  
  

July 12, 1927 (Tuesday)

• Chen Duxiu
  Chen Duxiu
  Chen Duxiu played many different roles in Chinese history. He was a leading figure in the anti-imperial Xinhai Revolution and the May Fourth Movement for Science and Democracy. Along with Li Dazhao, Chen was a co-founder of the Chinese Communist Party in 1921. He was its first General Secretary....
  
  , who had been the first General Secretary of the Communist Party of China
  General Secretary of the Communist Party of China
  The General Secretary of the Communist Party of China , officially General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, is the highest ranking official within the Communist Party of China, a standing member of the Politburo and head of the Secretariat...
  
  , resigned from that position. In 1925, he had been succeeded as Chairman by Mao Zedong
  Mao Zedong
  Mao Zedong, also transliterated as Mao Tse-tung , and commonly referred to as Chairman Mao , was a Chinese Communist revolutionary, guerrilla warfare strategist, Marxist political philosopher, and leader of the Chinese Revolution...
  
  .
• The convention to create the International Relief Union was adopted at the League of Nations
  League of Nations
  The League of Nations was an intergovernmental organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. It was the first permanent international organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace...
  
   by the 43 states in attendance, and entered into force on December 27, 1932. Intended as an unified organization for disaster relief, the I.R.U. had only limited success in assisting the International Red Cross.

July 13, 1927 (Wednesday)

• French Prime Minister Raymond Poincaré
  Raymond Poincaré
  Raymond Poincaré was a French statesman who served as Prime Minister of France on five separate occasions and as President of France from 1913 to 1920. Poincaré was a conservative leader primarily committed to political and social stability...
  
  , who was also the Finance Minister, received a vote of confidence in the Chamber of Deputies and an endorsement of his call to not add further spending to the budget. Informing the legislators that "Messieurs, the whole fate of French finances rests on your decision," Poincaré won his point by a margin of 347 to 200.
• Born: Simone Veil
  Simone Veil
  Simone Veil, DBE is a French lawyer and politician who served as Minister of Health under Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, President of the European Parliament and member of the Constitutional Council of France....
  
  , President of the European Parliament (1979–1982), and former French Minister of Health, as Simone Jacob, in Nice
  Nice
  Nice is the fifth most populous city in France, after Paris, Marseille, Lyon and Toulouse, with a population of 348,721 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Nice extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of more than 955,000 on an area of...
  
  

July 14, 1927 (Thursday)

• The government of Czechoslovakia
  Czechoslovakia
  Czechoslovakia or Czecho-Slovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992...
  
   created the autonomous Slovak Province
  Slovakia
  The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
  
   (Slovenska Krajina) in response to demands by the Slovak People's Party
  Slovak People's Party
  The Slovak People's Party was a Slovak right-wing party and was described as a fascist and...
  
  .
• Born: Peggy Parish
  Peggy Parish
  Peggy Parish of Manning, South Carolina , was the author of the children's story series Amelia Bedelia. The series was continued, after her sudden death from an aneurysm, by her nephew Herman Parish...
  
  , American author who created the Amelia Bedelia
  Amelia Bedelia
  This article is about the protagonist in the childrens book series of the same name. For the first book in the series, see Amelia Bedelia ...
  
  series of books, in Manning, South Carolina
  Manning, South Carolina
  Manning is a city in South Carolina and the county seat of Clarendon County in the Southeastern United States, located in the center of the county, just to the east of Interstate 95 and at the intersection of U.S. 301 and U.S. 521. The population was estimated to be 3,943 as of 2008, down 2% from...
  
   (d. 1988); and John Chancellor
  John Chancellor
  John William Chancellor was a well-known American journalist who spent most of his career with NBC News...
  
  , American news anchorman, in Chicago, anchorman and later commentator for NBC Nightly News
  NBC Nightly News
  NBC Nightly News is the flagship daily evening television news program for NBC News and broadcasts. NBC Nightly News has aired from Studio 3B, located on floors 3 of the NBC Studios is the headquarters of the GE Building forms the centerpiece of 30th Rockefeller Center it is located in the center...
  
   from 1970 to 1993

July 15, 1927 (Friday)

• July Revolt of 1927
  July Revolt of 1927
  During the Austrian July Revolt of 1927 Austrian police forces killed 84 protesters, while four policemen died. More than 600 people were injured....
  
  : Protesters in Vienna
  Vienna
  Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
  
  , angry over the acquittal of three accused murderers, marched on the Palace of Justice (Justizpalast), where the trial had taken place. Police chief Johannes Schober ordered his men to fire into the crow, and 84 people were killed, while the court building burned to the ground.
• In Greece
  Greece
  Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
  
  , the government issued decrees directed against the Macedonian
  Macedonians (Greeks)
  Macedonians are a regional population group of ethnic Greeks, inhabiting or originating from the region of Macedonia, in northern Greece. Today, most live in or around the regional capital city of Thessaloniki. Many have spread across the whole of Greece and in the diaspora.-Preface:Greek...
  
   minority of Slavic
  South Slavs
  The South Slavs are the southern branch of the Slavic peoples and speak South Slavic languages. Geographically, the South Slavs are native to the Balkan peninsula, the southern Pannonian Plain and the eastern Alps...
  
   descent. The new rules banned use of Macedonian language
  Macedonian language
  Macedonian is a South Slavic language spoken as a first language by approximately 2–3 million people principally in the region of Macedonia but also in the Macedonian diaspora...
  
   and decreed that Cyrillic inscriptions were to be removed from churches.
• Born: Ann Jellicoe
  Ann Jellicoe
  Ann Jellicoe is a British actor, theatre director and playwright. Although her work has covered many areas of theatre and film, she is best known for "pushing the envelope" of the stage play, devising new forms which challenge and delight unconventional audiences...
  
  , British playwright, in Middlesbrough
  Middlesbrough
  Middlesbrough is a large town situated on the south bank of the River Tees in north east England, that sits within the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire...
  
  
• Died: Countess Markievicz (Constance Gore-Booth), 69, Irish politician

July 16, 1927 (Saturday)

• At 1:15 a.m., several hundred Nicaraguan rebels, led by Augusto César Sandino
  Augusto César Sandino
  Augusto Nicolás Calderón Sandino was a Nicaraguan revolutionary and leader of a rebellion against the U.S. military occupation of Nicaragua between 1927 and 1933...
  
  , attacked a barracks at Ocotal
  Ocotal
  Ocotal is the capital of the Nueva Segovia Department in Nicaragua, Central America.-Description:Ocotal is the capital of the Nueva Segovia Department in Nicaragua with light industry and crafts. The main agricultural production is coffee. The city, which has a population of 31,932 , is located...
  
  , occupied by 38 U.S. Marines and 47 Nicaraguan civil guards. USMC Captain Gilbert Hatfield and his men withstood three charges. At mid-morning, rescue came from Major Ross E. Rowell
  Ross E. Rowell
  Ross E. Rowell was a highly decorated United States Marine Corps aviator who achieved the rank of lieutenant general by the end of his 40 years of service...
  
  , who had gotten word of the attack and led "the first dive-bombing campaign in history". At battle's end, 300 rebels and one U.S. Marine had been killed.
• Cartoonist Theodore Geisel, 23, was published for the first time under the nom de plume inspired by his mother's maiden name, "Seuss", in the July 16, 1927, Saturday Evening Post, effectively beginning his career as illustrator and author Dr. Seuss
  Dr. Seuss
  Theodor Seuss Geisel was an American writer, poet, and cartoonist most widely known for his children's books written under the pen names Dr. Seuss, Theo LeSieg and, in one case, Rosetta Stone....
  
  .
• Germany's Reichstag
  Reichstag (Weimar Republic)
  The Reichstag was the parliament of Weimar Republic .German constitution commentators consider only the Reichstag and now the Bundestag the German parliament. Another organ deals with legislation too: in 1867-1918 the Bundesrat, in 1919–1933 the Reichsrat and from 1949 on the Bundesrat...
  
   passed comprehensive unemployment insurance and maternity leave laws, by a margin of 356-47.

July 17, 1927 (Sunday)

• In furtherance of the Turkish nationalist movement
  Young Turks
  The Young Turks , from French: Les Jeunes Turcs) were a coalition of various groups favouring reformation of the administration of the Ottoman Empire. The movement was against the absolute monarchy of the Ottoman Sultan and favoured a re-installation of the short-lived Kanûn-ı Esâsî constitution...
  
  , Turkey
  Turkey
  Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
  
   directed the relocation of 1,400 members of the Kurdish
  Kurdish people
  The Kurdish people, or Kurds , are an Iranian people native to the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a region known as Kurdistan, which includes adjacent parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey...
  
   minority from their homes in the southeast, to the far west. This was followed by deportation of Armenian and Syriac people from the same area.

July 18, 1927 (Monday)

• Ty Cobb
  Ty Cobb
  Tyrus Raymond "Ty" Cobb , nicknamed "The Georgia Peach," was an American Major League Baseball outfielder. He was born in Narrows, Georgia...
  
   got his 4,000th hit (and would finish with 4,191) playing for the Philadelphia A's at Detroit against his former team, the Tigers. As one commentator noted fifty years later, "the event went almost unnoticed". On the same day, future Hall of Famer Mel Ott
  Mel Ott
  Melvin Thomas Ott , nicknamed "Master Melvin", was a Major League Baseball right fielder. He played his entire career for the New York Giants . Ott was born in Gretna, Louisiana. He batted left-handed and threw right-handed...
  
   hit his first home run, an inside the park homer,
• Born: Kurt Masur
  Kurt Masur
  Kurt Masur is a German conductor, particularly noted for his interpretation of German Romantic music.- Biography :Masur was born in Brieg, Lower Silesia, Germany and studied piano, composition and conducting in Leipzig, Saxony. Masur has been married three times...
  
  , East German conductor, and later conductor of the London Philharmonic Orchestra
  London Philharmonic Orchestra
  The London Philharmonic Orchestra , based in London, is one of the major orchestras of the United Kingdom, and is based in the Royal Festival Hall. In addition, the LPO is the main resident orchestra of the Glyndebourne Festival Opera...
  
  ; in Brieg
  Brzeg
  Brzeg is a town in southwestern Poland with 38,496 inhabitants , situated in Silesia in the Opole Voivodeship on the left bank of the Oder...
  
   (now Brzeg, Poland)

July 19, 1927 (Tuesday)

• A version of the flag of Spain
  Flag of Spain
  The flag of Spain , as it is defined in the Spanish Constitution of 1978, consists of three horizontal stripes: red, yellow and red, the yellow stripe being twice the size of each red stripe...
  
  , with a coat of arms against a yellow field between two red stripes, was adopted for the first time.
• Pan American Airways, which would grow to become one of the world's largest airlines before its bankruptcy in 1991, was awarded its first flight route, signing the contract to transport American mail between Key West
  Key West
  Key West is an island in the Straits of Florida on the North American continent at the southernmost tip of the Florida Keys. Key West is home to the southernmost point in the Continental United States; the island is about from Cuba....
  
   and Havana
  Havana
  Havana is the capital city, province, major port, and leading commercial centre of Cuba. The city proper has a population of 2.1 million inhabitants, and it spans a total of — making it the largest city in the Caribbean region, and the most populous...
  
  . Flights began on October 19, meeting the three month deadline called for in the agreement.
• Died: Sheikh Amadou Bamba
  Amadou Bamba
  Ahmadou Bamba, Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba Mbacké , was a Muslim Sufi religious leader in Senegal and the founder of the large Mouride Brotherhood Ahmadou Bamba, Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba Mbacké (1853-1927) (Aamadu Bamba Mbàkke in Wolof, Shaykh Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥabīb Allāh also known as Khadīmu...
  
  , 74, Senegalese Muslim religious leader and founder of the Murid Order; and Zhao Shiyan
  Zhao Shiyan
  Zhao Shiyan was a Chinese Communist martyr and former Chinese premier Li Peng's uncle.In 1915, Zhao went to Beijing to study at the High School Affiliated to Beijing Normal University, majored in English. In 1919, he participated in the May Fourth Movement, China Youth Association. The following...
  
  , Chinese Communist official, who was executed after being captured by Nationalist forces

July 20, 1927 (Wednesday)

• The French Olympic Committee
  National Olympic Committee
  National Olympic Committees are the national constituents of the worldwide Olympic movement. Subject to the controls of the International Olympic Committee, they are responsible for organizing their people's participation in the Olympic Games...
  
  , lacking funds, voted not to send a team to the 1928 games
  1928 Summer Olympics
  The 1928 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the IX Olympiad, was an international multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1928 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Amsterdam had bid for the 1920 and 1924 Olympic Games, but had to give way to war-victim Antwerp, Belgium, and Pierre de...
  
   scheduled for Amsterdam. French perfume magnate François Coty
  François Coty
  François Coty was a French perfume manufacturer, newspaper publisher, and founder of the fascist league Solidarité Française...
  
   would come to the team's rescue by loaning one million francs to the Committee.
• Germany and Japan established closer ties by the signing of a trade treaty in Tokyo
  Tokyo
  , ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family...
  
   between the two nations, by Ambassador Wilhelm Solf
  Wilhelm Solf
  Wilhelm Heinrich Solf was a German scholar, diplomat, jurist and statesman.-Early life:Wilhelm Solf was born into a wealthy and liberal family in Berlin. He attended secondary schools in Anklam in western Pomerania and in Mannheim...
  
   and Prime Minister Tanaka
  Tanaka Giichi
  Baron was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army, politician, and the 26th Prime Minister of Japan from 20 April 1927 to 2 July 1929.-Early life and military career:...
  
  .
• Born: Leon C. Hirsch, American inventor of the Auto Suture surgical stapler, and founder of United States Surgical Corporation; and Barbara Bergmann
  Barbara Bergmann
  Barbara Bergmann is a forerunner in feminist economics with a passion for social policy and equality, especially relating to discrimination on account of race or sex. Her work covers many topics from childcare and women’s issues to poverty and Social Security...
  
  , American economist; both in the Bronx
  The Bronx
  The Bronx is the northernmost of the five boroughs of New York City. It is also known as Bronx County, the last of the 62 counties of New York State to be incorporated...
  
  .
• Died: King Ferdinand of Romania, 72, who had ruled since 1914, died at 2:15 am at his palace in Sinaia
  Sinaia
  Sinaia is a town and a mountain resort in Prahova County, Romania. The town was named after Sinaia Monastery, around which it was built; the monastery in turn is named after the Biblical Mount Sinai...
  
   after a battle with cancer. At 6:00 pm, his 5-year old grandson, Michael was proclaimed as the new monarch, with a regency council, headed by Prince Nicholas
  Prince Nicholas of Romania
  | style="float:right;"|Prince Nicholas of Romania was the second son of King Ferdinand I and Queen Marie of Romania.- Biography :Born in Peleş Castle, Sinaia, Nicholas was the younger brother of Carol, heir apparent, who renounced his rights of succession on 12 December 1925...
  
  , acting on the boy king's behalf.

July 21, 1927 (Thursday)

• Before a crowd of 90,000 at New York's Yankee Stadium, former heavyweight boxing champion Jack Dempsey
  Jack Dempsey
  William Harrison "Jack" Dempsey was an American boxer who held the world heavyweight title from 1919 to 1926. Dempsey's aggressive style and exceptional punching power made him one of the most popular boxers in history. Many of his fights set financial and attendance records, including the first...
  
  , 32, fought with Jack Sharkey
  Jack Sharkey
  Jack Sharkey was an American heavyweight boxing champion. He was born Joseph Paul Zukauskas , the son of Lithuanian immigrants, in Binghamton, New York but moved to Boston, Massachusetts as a young man...
  
   to determine who would be the challenger in a September bout against champion Gene Tunney
  Gene Tunney
  James Joseph "Gene" Tunney was the world heavyweight boxing champion from 1926-1928 who defeated Jack Dempsey twice, first in 1926 and then in 1927. Tunney's successful title defense against Dempsey is one of the most famous bouts in boxing history and is known as The Long Count Fight...
  
  . Sharkey was winning after six rounds. As the 7th began, Dempsey struck two low body blows to Sharkey, who turned toward referee Jack O'Sullivan to complain of a foul. When Sharkey turned his head, Dempsey struck him in the jaw with a short left hook and knocked him out.
• The Ford Motor Company
  Ford Motor Company
  Ford Motor Company is an American multinational automaker based in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit. The automaker was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903. In addition to the Ford and Lincoln brands, Ford also owns a small stake in Mazda in Japan and Aston Martin in the UK...
  
   took steps toward the creation of Fordlândia
  Fordlândia
  Fordlândia is a now-abandoned, prefabricated industrial town established in the Amazon Rainforest in 1928 by American industrialist Henry Ford to secure a source of cultivated rubber for the automobile manufacturing operations of the Ford Motor Company in the United States...
  
  , by spending $8,000,000 to buy 1,000,000 hectares (2,470,000 acres or 3,861 square miles) of land in Brazil
  Brazil
  Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
  
  's Pará
  Pará
  Pará is a state in the north of Brazil. It borders the Brazilian states of Amapá, Maranhão, Tocantins, Mato Grosso, Amazonas and Roraima. To the northwest it also borders Guyana and Suriname, and to the northeast it borders the Atlantic Ocean. The capital is Belém.Pará is the most populous state...
  
   State, in return for a 50 year tax exemption and full legal jurisdiction rights.
• The day after his father's death, and the proclamation of his six year old son as King of Romania
  King of Romania
  King of the Romanians , rather than King of Romania , was the official title of the ruler of the Kingdom of Romania from 1881 until 1947, when Romania was proclaimed a republic....
  
  , former Crown Prince Carol
  Carol I of Romania
  Carol I , born Prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was reigning prince and then King of Romania from 1866 to 1914. He was elected prince of Romania on 20 April 1866 following the overthrow of Alexandru Ioan Cuza by a palace coup...
  
  , who had renounced his right of succession two years earlier, proclaimed from his villa near Paris that he planned to claim the throne.

July 22, 1927 (Friday)

• The merger of three clubs (Roman FC, SS Alba-Audace and Fortitudo-Pro Roma SGS) created the Italian soccer football team A.S. Roma
  A.S. Roma
  Associazione Sportiva Roma, commonly referred to as simply Roma, is a professional Italian football club based in Rome. Founded by a merger in 1927, Roma have participated in the top-tier of Italian football for all of their existence but one season in the early 50s...
  
  , league champion in 1942, 1983 and 2001

July 23, 1927 (Saturday)

• The first regular radio broadcasts in India
  India
  India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
  
   began as the Indian Broadcasting Company
  All India Radio
  All India Radio , officially known since 1956 as Akashvani , is the radio broadcaster of India and a division of Prasar Bharati. Established in 1936, it is the sister service of Prasar Bharati's Doordarshan, the national television broadcaster. All India Radio is one of the largest radio networks...
  
   went on the air in Mumbai
  Mumbai
  Mumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...
  
   (Bombay). A second station began operations on August 26 in Kolkata
  Kolkata
  Kolkata , formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it was the commercial capital of East India...
  
   (Calcutta). The privately owned company was bought in 1930 by the publicly funded Indiam Broadcasting Service, now All India Radio.
• Born: Elliot See, American astronaut who was killed in a plane crash three months before he would have commanded the Gemini 9 mission (d.1966)
• Died: Brigadier General Reginald Dyer
  Reginald Dyer
  Colonel Reginald Edward Harry Dyer CB was a British Indian Army officer who as a temporary Brigadier-General was responsible for the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in Amritsar ....
  
  , 62, British officer whose orders to army troops to fire into a crowd of civilians resulted in the Jallianwala Bagh massacre
  Jallianwala Bagh massacre
  The Jallianwala Bagh massacre , also known as the Amritsar massacre, took place in the Jallianwala Bagh public garden in the northern Indian city of Amritsar, and was ordered by Brigadier-General Reginald E.H. Dyer...
  
   of 1919

July 24, 1927 (Sunday)

• The Menin Gate
  Menin Gate
  The Menin Gate Memorial to the Missing is a war memorial in Ypres, Belgium dedicated to the commemoration of British and Commonwealth soldiers who were killed in the Ypres Salient of the First World War and whose graves are unknown...
  
   Memorial to the Missing was dedicated in Ypres
  Ypres
  Ypres is a Belgian municipality located in the Flemish province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the city of Ypres and the villages of Boezinge, Brielen, Dikkebus, Elverdinge, Hollebeke, Sint-Jan, Vlamertinge, Voormezele, Zillebeke, and Zuidschote...
  
  , Belgium
  Belgium
  Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
  
  , as a monument to nearly 90,000 soldiers of the British Empire who went missing in action
  Missing in action
  Missing in action is a casualty Category assigned under the Status of Missing to armed services personnel who are reported missing during active service. They may have been killed, wounded, become a prisoner of war, or deserted. If deceased, neither their remains nor grave can be positively...
  
   in the three Battles of Ypres in World War I
  World War I
  World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
  
  . The names of 54,900 soldiers who were missing in action were engraved on the available space, and another 34,888 were inscribed at a memorial at the nearby Tyne Cot cemetery. The Last Post continues to be sounded each evening at 8:00 pm at the monument.
• Died: Ryūnosuke Akutagawa
  Ryunosuke Akutagawa
  was a Japanese writer active in the Taishō period in Japan. He is regarded as the "Father of the Japanese short story". He committed suicide at age of 35 through an overdose of barbital.-Early life:...
  
  , 35, Japanese short story writer, by suicide; and Maurice E. Crumpacker
  Maurice E. Crumpacker
  Maurice Edgar Crumpacker was a Republican U.S. congressman from Oregon.-Early life:Crumpacker was born in Valparaiso, Indiana in 1886, where he attended the public schools until his father, Edgar D. Crumpacker, was elected to the United States House of Representatives when Maurice was 10 years...
  
  , U.S. Congressman (R-Oregon), by suicide.

July 25, 1927 (Monday)

• Centralized traffic control
  Centralized traffic control
  Centralized traffic control is a form of railway signalling that originated in North America and centralizes train routing decisions that were previously carried out by local signal operators or the train crews themselves. The system consists of a centralized train dispatcher's office that...
  
  , now in use on railroads worldwide, was first implemented. The system for remote control of railroad signals from a central location was invented by Sedgwick N. Wight, and first used for a 40-mile stretch of the New York Central Railroad
  New York Central Railroad
  The New York Central Railroad , known simply as the New York Central in its publicity, was a railroad operating in the Northeastern United States...
  
   between Walbridge
  Walbridge, Ohio
  Walbridge is a village in Wood County, Ohio, United States. The population was 2,546 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Walbridge is located at ....
  
   and Berwick, Ohio
  Berwick, Ohio
  Berwick is an unincorporated community in Seneca Township, Seneca County, Ohio, United States. It is located next to the intersection of East County Road 6 and State Route 53. The community is served by the New Riegel post office....
  
  .
• July 25, 1927, is the date of the "Tanaka Memorial
  Tanaka Memorial
  The is an alleged Japanese strategic planning document from 1927, in which Prime Minister Baron Tanaka Giichi laid out for the Emperor Hirohito a strategy to take over the world...
  
  ", purported to be a report by the Prime Minister of Japan
  Prime Minister of Japan
  The is the head of government of Japan. He is appointed by the Emperor of Japan after being designated by the Diet from among its members, and must enjoy the confidence of the House of Representatives to remain in office...
  
  , Baron Tanaka Giichi
  Tanaka Giichi
  Baron was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army, politician, and the 26th Prime Minister of Japan from 20 April 1927 to 2 July 1929.-Early life and military career:...
  
  , to the Emperor Hirohito, summarizing a plan for world conquest that had been devised during a conference from June 27
  June 1927
  January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - DecemberThe following events occurred in June 1927.-June 1, 1927 :...
  
   to July 7. "The document," notes one observer, "has never been found and is generally assumed to have been a Chinese forgery, if it ever existed."

July 26, 1927 (Tuesday)

• Born: Danny La Rue
  Danny La Rue
  Danny La Rue, OBE was an Irish-born British entertainer known for his singing and drag impersonations.-Early life:...
  
  , British comedian and impressionist, as Daniel Carroll in Cork, Ireland
  Cork (city)
  Cork is the second largest city in the Republic of Ireland and the island of Ireland's third most populous city. It is the principal city and administrative centre of County Cork and the largest city in the province of Munster. Cork has a population of 119,418, while the addition of the suburban...
  
   (d. 2009)
• Died: June Mathis
  June Mathis
  June Mathis was an American screenwriter and one of the highest paid Hollywood executives in the 1920s. Mathis was the first female executive for Metro/MGM and at only 35, she was the highest paid executive in Hollywood. In 1926 she was voted the third most influential woman in Hollywood, behind...
  
  , 38, American screenwriter (The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
  The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (film)
  The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse is a 1921 silent movie produced by Metro Pictures Corporation, adapted by June Mathis, directed by Rex Ingram and starring Rudolph Valentino, Pomeroy Cannon, Josef Swickard, Wallace Beery, and Alice Terry...
  
  ).

July 27, 1927 (Wednesday)

• Soviet emissary Mikhail Borodin
  Mikhail Borodin
  Mikhail Markovich Borodin was the alias of Mikhail Gruzenberg, a Comintern agent and Soviet arms dealer....
  
   and 30 people left Wuhan
  Wuhan
  Wuhan is the capital of Hubei province, People's Republic of China, and is the most populous city in Central China. It lies at the east of the Jianghan Plain, and the intersection of the middle reaches of the Yangtze and Han rivers...
  
   in five cars and five trucks to return to the USSR in a two month overland trip, after General Feng Yuxiang
  Feng Yuxiang
  Feng Yuxiang was a warlord and leader in Republican China. He was also known as the Christian General for his zeal to convert his troops and the Betrayal General for his penchant to break with the establishment. In 1911, he was an officer in the ranks of Yuan Shikai's Beiyang Army but joined...
  
   was bribed to guarantee him safe passage—twelve days after Chinese Communists were expelled. Borodin had had a bounty of US$29,000 for his capture, and had hidden in the home of Nationalist official and future Chinese Premier T.V. Soong. Borodin finally returned to Moscow on October 6.
• The President and Mrs. Coolidge escaped serious injury after a panicked team of horses charged toward their open car, then veered away after coming within 20 feet. The horses panicked during a re-enactment of Custer's Last Stand, and charged through the crowd and out of the amphitheatre where 10,000 had assembled. Miraculously, nobody was hurt in the incident.
• Born: Yuri Denisyuk, Soviet physicist who helped develop the science of holography
  Holography
  Holography is a technique that allows the light scattered from an object to be recorded and later reconstructed so that when an imaging system is placed in the reconstructed beam, an image of the object will be seen even when the object is no longer present...
  
  , in Sochi
  Sochi
  Sochi is a city in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, situated just north of Russia's border with the de facto independent republic of Abkhazia, on the Black Sea coast. Greater Sochi sprawls for along the shores of the Black Sea near the Caucasus Mountains...
  
   (d. 2006); and Dawid Rubinowicz, Polish victim of the Holocaust whose diaries were published 18 years after his death on September 22, 1942 at the Treblinka extermination camp
  Treblinka extermination camp
  Treblinka was a Nazi extermination camp in occupied Poland during World War II near the village of Treblinka in the modern-day Masovian Voivodeship of Poland. The camp, which was constructed as part of Operation Reinhard, operated between and ,. During this time, approximately 850,000 men, women...
  
  ; in Kielce
  Kielce
  Kielce ) is a city in central Poland with 204,891 inhabitants . It is also the capital city of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship since 1999, previously in Kielce Voivodeship...
  
  .

July 28, 1927 (Thursday)

• Twenty-seven people, 16 of them children, died when the excursion boat The Favorite, capsized in Lake Michigan
  Lake Michigan
  Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes of North America and the only one located entirely within the United States. It is the second largest of the Great Lakes by volume and the third largest by surface area, after Lake Superior and Lake Huron...
  
  , one-half mile after departing Lincoln Park
  Lincoln Park
  Lincoln Park is an urban park in Chicago, which gave its name to the Lincoln Park, Chicago community area.Lincoln Park may also refer to:-Urban parks:*Lincoln Park , California*Lincoln Park, San Francisco, California...
  
  .
• Born: John Ashbery
  John Ashbery
  John Lawrence Ashbery is an American poet. He has published more than twenty volumes of poetry and won nearly every major American award for poetry, including a Pulitzer Prize in 1976 for his collection Self-Portrait in a Convex Mirror. But Ashbery's work still proves controversial...
  
  , American poet, in Rochester, New York
  Rochester, New York
  Rochester is a city in Monroe County, New York, south of Lake Ontario in the United States. Known as The World's Image Centre, it was also once known as The Flour City, and more recently as The Flower City...
  
  . In 1976, he won the National Book Award, the National Book Critics Award and the Pulitzer Prize for his published poetry in Portrait in a Convex Mirror.

July 29, 1927 (Friday)

• The Metropolitan Sergei Stragorodsky, Patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church
  Russian Orthodox Church
  The Russian Orthodox Church or, alternatively, the Moscow Patriarchate The ROC is often said to be the largest of the Eastern Orthodox churches in the world; including all the autocephalous churches under its umbrella, its adherents number over 150 million worldwide—about half of the 300 million...
  
   since 1925, issued the "Civil Fatherland Declaration", declaring that the clergy should swear allegiance to the Soviet government.
• The Trade Disputes and Trade Unions Act 1927 came into effect in the United Kingdom
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
  
   after receiving Royal Assent
  Royal Assent
  The granting of royal assent refers to the method by which any constitutional monarch formally approves and promulgates an act of his or her nation's parliament, thus making it a law...
  
  . The law put criminal penalties on secondary action
  Secondary action
  Secondary action is industrial action by a trade union in support of a strike initiated by workers in another, separate enterprise...
  
   (including "sympathy strikes").
• Born: Harry Mulisch
  Harry Mulisch
  Harry Kurt Victor Mulisch was a Dutch author. He wrote more than 80 novels, plays, essays, poems and philosophical reflections. These have been translated into more than 20 languages....
  
  , Netherlands noveleist (The Assault
  The Assault
  The Assault is a 1982 novel by Harry Mulisch about the Second World War. It deals with the consequences for the lone survivor of a Nazi retaliation on an innocent family after a collaborator named Fake Ploeg is found killed outside their home.The novel takes readers on the journey through the main...
  
  ), in Haarlem
  Haarlem
  Haarlem is a municipality and a city in the Netherlands. It is the capital of the province of North Holland, the northern half of Holland, which at one time was the most powerful of the seven provinces of the Dutch Republic...
  
   (d. 2010); and Horace Ward
  Horace Ward
  Horace Taliaferro Ward was the first African American to challenge the racially discriminatory practices at the University of Georgia School of Law....
  
  , African-American federal judge who, as a student, filed suit to challenge the segregation of the University of Georgia; in LaGrange, Georgia
  LaGrange, Georgia
  LaGrange is a city in Troup County, Georgia, United States. It is named after the country estate near Paris of the Marquis de La Fayette, who visited the area in 1825. The population was 24,998 at the 2000 census...
  
  .

July 30, 1927 (Saturday)

• The last flight of the U.S. Air Mail Service
  Airmails of the United States
  Airmails of the United States or U.S. Air Mail relates to the servicing of flown mails by the U.S. postal system within the United States, its possessions, and/or territories, marked as "Via Air Mail" , appropriately franked, and afforded any then existing class or sub-class of U.S...
  
   took place, a year after the agency had begun phasing out in favor of the Postmaster General contracting with independent carriers. The AMS had delivered mail since May 15, 1918.
• Two future Kings arrived in Quebec, along with British Prime Minister, Stanley Baldwin
  Stanley Baldwin
  Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley, KG, PC was a British Conservative politician, who dominated the government in his country between the two world wars...
  
  , to honor Canada
  Canada
  Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
  
  's Diamond Jubilee
  Diamond Jubilee
  A Diamond Jubilee is a celebration held to mark a 60th anniversary in the case of a person or a 75th anniversary in the case of an event.- Thailand :...
  
  . First and second in line for the throne were the Prince of Wales
  Prince of Wales
  Prince of Wales is a title traditionally granted to the heir apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the 15 other independent Commonwealth realms...
  
  , who would become King Edward VIII, and the Duke of York
  Duke of York
  The Duke of York is a title of nobility in the British peerage. Since the 15th century, it has, when granted, usually been given to the second son of the British monarch. The title has been created a remarkable eleven times, eight as "Duke of York" and three as the double-barreled "Duke of York and...
  
  , who would be King George VI. The party arrived at Quebec at 9:40 am on the liner RMS Empress of Australia
  RMS Empress of Australia (1924)
  SS De Grasse was an ocean liner built in 1920-1924 by Cammell Laird, Birkenhead, United Kingdom for the Compagnie Generale Transatlantique, and launched in February 1924.-Canadian Pacific:...
  
   to begin a month-long tour of the Dominion.
• Born:Victor Wong
  Victor Wong
  Victor Wong was a Chinese American character actor who appeared in supporting roles throughout the 1980s and 1990s.-Education:...
  
  , Chinese-American character actor (3 Ninjas film series
  3 Ninjas (film series)
  3 Ninjas is a series of films that was based on the adventures of 3 ninjas who are trained by their Japanese grandfather.-3 Ninjas:Three brothers named Rocky, Colt, and Tum Tum want to become ninjas. Each summer, they visit their grandfather Mori Shintaro. After a confrontation between the boys'...
  
  ), in San Francisco (d. 2001)

July 31, 1927 (Sunday)

• The Madison suburb of Shorewood Hills, Wisconsin
  Shorewood Hills, Wisconsin
  Shorewood Hills is a village in Dane County, Wisconsin, United States. Established in 1927, the population was 1,732 at the 2000 census. It is a suburb of Madison and part of the Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area.-Geography:...
  
   was incorporated from a merger of Shorewood and College Hills.
• Died: Sir Harry Johnston
  Harry Johnston
  Sir Henry "Harry" Hamilton Johnston, GCMG, KCB , was a British explorer, botanist, linguist and colonial administrator, one of the key players in the "Scramble for Africa" that occurred at the end of the 19th century....
  
  , 69, British explorer of Africa during the 19th century; and Walter Travis
  Walter Travis
  Walter J. Travis was the most successful amateur golfer in the U.S. during the early 1900s, a noted golf journalist and publisher, an innovator in all aspects of golf, a teacher, and a respected golf course architect...
  
  , 65, Australian-born golfer who won the U.S. Amateur championship 1900-01 and 1903, in the pre-professional era.