Krishna district
Encyclopedia
Krishna District is a district of India
's Andhra Pradesh
state
. It is named after the Krishna River
, the third longest river that flows within India, flows through the district and joins Bay of Bengal
here in this district. It has a population of 4,529,009 of which 32.08% is urban as of 2011.
Machilipatnam
is the administrative headquarters of the district. Vijayawada
is the biggest city of this district and also commercial center. The district is bounded by Khammam
District to the north-west, West Godavari
District to the north-east, the Bay of Bengal
to the south-east, Guntur District
to the southwest, and Nalgonda
District to the west.
Krishna district is well known for its pre-university educational centers.
Satavahana period
(230 BC -227 AD): The Satavahanas ruled this region with headquarters at Srikaakulam
. Prominent rulers during this period were Srimukha (founder), Goutamputra Satakarni and Yagnasri Satakarni (last Satavahan king). The Satavahanas imparted more stability and security to the life of the people of the region for more than four centuries.
Pallavas (500 AD - 340 AD):
The Pallava kingdom spread over from Krishna river to Tungabhadra, including Amaravati in the East, Bellary in the West and Kancheepuram in the South with capital cities at venginagar near Ellore
and Pithapuram
, both in Vengidesa.
Bruhitpalayanas: The contemporaries of pallavas who ruled the district with Koduru
as their capital.
Vishnukundina
s (5th Century AD): The 5th century rulers who excavated cave temples at Mogalrajapuram (now in Vijayawada
) and Undavalli
, etc.
Eastern chalukyas (615 AD - 1070 AD): The entire Andhra country was under the control of a single ruler under their reign. The Eastern Chalukyas were credited with the excavations of the cave temple at Undavalli
and rock cut shrines and Shiva temples.
Cholas: Cholas ruled this region with capital at Rajamahendri
. It was during Rajarajanaredra's reign that Nannayya Bhattu translated the Mahabharata
in to Telugu.
Kakatiya
s: They ruled this region up to early 14th century with Orugallu
as their capital.
Reddy dynasty
: On the downfall of Pratapa Rudra of Kakatiya, the eldest son of Pulaya Vema Reddi found himself independent and established himself in the hill fort of Kondavedu. He also possessed himself of the fortress of Bellamkonda, Vinukonda and Nagarjuna konda in the Palanad. The Kondavidu Reddi’s were great patrons of Telugu literature. The poet Srinadha and his brother-in –law Bammera Pothana flourished at his court. The ruins of fortresses at Kondavidu, Ballamkonda and Kondapalli are still to be seen.
Gajapathis
of Orissa
: Kapileswara Gajapathi is preserved by the village Kapileswarapuram now in Pamidimukkala mandal. He was succeeded by Vidyadhara Gajapathi who built Vidyadharapuram (now in Vijayawada
) and constructed a reservoir at Kondapalli
.
Vijayanagara empire
: Krishna devaraya of Vijayanagar
conquered this region in early 16th century.
Qutb Shahis
: In 1512, the Kingdom of Golconda
or Hyderabad was founded by one Sultan Quli Qutub Shah. The Kingdom of Golconda included this district within its limits. Abu-l-Hussain Shah was the last of Qutab Shahi dynasty known as Tanisha. He had two ministers, both Brahmins, named Madanna and Akkanna
. Popular tradition attributed this preference of Vijayawada to the devotion of the two ministers to the goddess Kanaka Durga.
Nizam
s: The Emperor Aurangazeb included this district in the province of Golconda, which remained under Asaf jah who was appointed as Subedar or Viceroy of the Deccan in 1713 with the title of Nizam-ul-Mulk. The province of Golconda comprised five Nawabs’ charges viz. Arcot, Cuddapah, Kurnool, Rajahmundry and Chicacole (Srikakulam). The Nawab of Rajahmundry ruled the country induced in the Krishna District.
The English: In the year 1611 the English founded their settlement at Masulipatnam
which was their headquarters until they finally moved to Madras
in 1641. The Dutch and French also had settlements at Masulipatnam
. Upon the death of the old Nizam-ul-Mulk in June 1748 his heirs strove for the succession with the support of the English and the French. When Nizam Ali Khan was proclaimed ruler of Golconda in 1761 the British secured at first the divisions of Masulipatnam, Nizampatnam and part of Kondaveedu and later the entire Circars. At first the district was administered by a chief and council at Masulipatnam but in 1794 Collectors, directly responsible to the Board of Revenue, were appointed at Masulipatnam.
Krishna District with its District Headquarters at vijayawada
was formerly called as Machlipatnam District. Later it was renamed as Krishna District after the holy river Krishna, by adding certain Taluks of the abolished Guntur District in 1859 with vijayawada with its head. Guntur district was separated from Krishna in 1904. Again in 1925 Krishna District
was further divided into Krishna and West Godavari
Districts. There were no significant further changes in its jurisdiction except some minor changes (in Divi Taluk and Munagala paragana).
Historic places in the district include:
Religiously significant places include:
. The district is divided into upland and coastal area. Kolleru Lake
, one of India's most ecologically significant wetland
s, lies partly within the district.
The chief rivers of the district are the Krishna
(length 1,280 km), Muniyeru (Muneru), the Tammileru and Budameru. Krishna river debouches in to the Bay of Bengal at Hamsala Divi and Nachugunta in this district. The district contains small hillstreams viz., Jayanthi, Kattaleru, Ippalavagu, Upputeru, Telleru, Ballaleru, Nadimeyeru.
Kolleru
(Telugu: కొల్లేరు సరస్సు) is a large freshwater lake in India. Kolleru spans into two districts - Krishna and West Godavari. The lake serves as a natural flood-balancing reservoir for these two rivers. The lake is fed directly by water from the seasonal Budameru and Tammileru streams, and is connected to the Krishna and Godavari systems by over 68 inflowing drains and channels. The lake was an important habitat for an estimated 20 million resident and migratory birds, including the Grey or Spot-billed Pelican (Pelecanus philippensis). The lake was notified as a wildlife sanctuary in November 1999 under India's Wildlife Protection Act of 1972, and designated a wetland of international importance in November 2002 under the international Ramsar Convention. The wildlife sanctuary covers an area of 308 km².
Natural Gas and Crude Oil is found extensively offshore and on the coastal belt of the district
Small deposits of Diamonds are available.Limestone is a major mineral extracted in the district.Sand quarrying for construction is extracted from krishna and munneru rivers.
The District hosts many industries. KCP Sugar Factory at Vuyyur is one of the largest sugar plants in India. Vijayawada Thermal Power Station (VTPS) near Ibrahimpatnam is ranked as the No.1 Power generation unit in India for its high performance. Apart from this, many medium Scale Cement factories are there throughout the district. There are many small scale industries like musical instruments at Jaggayyapeta, gold-plated ornaments at Machilipatnam and Kondapalli toys. SIRIS Pharmaceutical Company at Vijayawada is another giant company manufacturing Allopathic medicines. The oldest port in Andhra Pradesh is at Machilipatnam.
, 60.3% toilet facilities, and 45.5% lived in a pucca
(permanent) home
. 20.6% of girls wed before the legal age
of 18 and 76.9% of interviewees carried a BPL
card.
and Machilipatnam
. In Andhra pradesh assembly Krishna district has 16 constituencies namely Tiruvuru
(SC), Nandigama
(SC), Mylavaram
, Jaggayyapeta
, Vijayawada (West), Vijayawada (Central), Vijayawada (East), Penamaluru
, Nuzvid
, Gannavaram
, Pedana
, Gudivada
, Kaikaluru
, Machilipatnam
, Avanigadda
, Pamarru
(SC).
Telugu Desam and Congress(I) are the main parties in the district.
Four national highways pass through the district
has a population
of 4,529,009 , roughly equal to the nation of Croatia
or the US state of Louisiana
. This gives it a ranking of 34th in India (out of a total of 640
) and 4th in its state. The district has a population density of 519 PD/sqkm . Its population growth rate
over the decade 2001-2011 was 8.15 %. Krishna has a sex ratio
of 997 females
for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate
of 74.37 %.
The Kuchipudi
dance form originated from this district.
Panthers, hyenas, jungle cats, foxes, bears and other carnivorous mammalian fauna are found here. Deer, spotted deer sambar, blackbuck and other herbivorous animals are found in the inland forests. A migrant gray billed pelican is a protected bird in the Kollair lake bordering the Krishna district. The district has a large number of Murrah buffaloes and cows.
is located in Vijayawada. Krishna University
is located in Machilipatnam. is present in Nuzvid. South Indian branch of School of Planning and Architecture
is present in Vijayawada.
It boasts Headquarters of numerous residential colleges and schools like Sri Chaitanya, Nalanda, Gowtham, Sri Krishnaveni, American Medical Education for USMLE Coaching which are amongst the biggest/largest of the Corporate Educational Institutes in India.
District has numerous engineering colleges including Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha Engineering College, Gudlavalleru Engineering College, KLCE. Gudlavalleru Polytechnic College, Mary Stella college, Sidhartha Degree College are few of the many famous arts and science colleges in the district.
Places of tourist interest
ijayawada. It is also known as Bejawada IS THE CAPITAL OF THE DISTRICT. IT IS FAMOUS for its temple called durgamma temple. It is famous for its barrage. During British and french period of Rule it is famous for business. It is still big business center. The next important town in this district is machilipatnam. It is a biggest Railway junction in Andhra pradesh. It is also very famous for pilgrims. The DURGA Temple situated on top of hill INDRAKILADRI is very famous. Thousands of pilgrims visited this temple. The other places of visit are Prakash barrage, across KRISHNA River, Mogalraaja puram caves and Kondapalli toys are4 other attractions.
Category:Districts of Andhra Pradesh
Category:Krishna district
ca:Districte de Krishna
es:Distrito de Krishna
gu:કૃષ્ણા જિલ્લો
hi:कृष्णा जिला
it:Distretto di Krishna
pam:Krishna (distritu)
ka:კრიშნა (ოლქი)
mr:कृष्णा जिल्हा
new:किरुष्णा (सन् १९९६या संकिपा)
no:Krishna (distrikt)
pa:ਕ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਣਾ ਜ਼ਿਲਾ
pnb:ضلع کرشنہ
pl:Krishna (dystrykt)
pt:Krishna (distrito)
ru:Кришна (округ)
ta:கிருஷ்ணா மாவட்டம்
te:కృష్ణా జిల్లా
uk:Крішна (округ)
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
's Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh , is one of the 28 states of India, situated on the southeastern coast of India. It is India's fourth largest state by area and fifth largest by population. Its capital and largest city by population is Hyderabad.The total GDP of Andhra Pradesh is $100 billion and is ranked third...
state
States and territories of India
India is a federal union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. The states and territories are further subdivided into districts and so on.-List of states and territories:...
. It is named after the Krishna River
Krishna River
The Krishna River , is one of the longest rivers in central-southern India, about . It is also referred to as Krishnaveni in its original nomenclature...
, the third longest river that flows within India, flows through the district and joins Bay of Bengal
Bay of Bengal
The Bay of Bengal , the largest bay in the world, forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. It resembles a triangle in shape, and is bordered mostly by the Eastern Coast of India, southern coast of Bangladesh and Sri Lanka to the west and Burma and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to the...
here in this district. It has a population of 4,529,009 of which 32.08% is urban as of 2011.
Machilipatnam
Machilipatnam
Machilipatnam is a city and a special grade municipality in the Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India. It is located south east of state capital, Hyderabad.-History:...
is the administrative headquarters of the district. Vijayawada
Vijayawada
Vijayawada is the third largest city in Andhra Pradesh, India, located on the banks of the Krishna River and bounded by the Indrakiladri Hills on the West and the Budameru River on the North. The city is located in the Krishna District, about from the state capital Hyderabad.Vijayawada literally...
is the biggest city of this district and also commercial center. The district is bounded by Khammam
Khammam
Khammam , is the headquarters of the Khammam District in Andhra Pradesh state of India and is located about east of state capital, Hyderabad...
District to the north-west, West Godavari
West Godavari
West Godavari District is one of the 23 districts of Andhra Pradesh, India. Eluru, is the district headquarter...
District to the north-east, the Bay of Bengal
Bay of Bengal
The Bay of Bengal , the largest bay in the world, forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. It resembles a triangle in shape, and is bordered mostly by the Eastern Coast of India, southern coast of Bangladesh and Sri Lanka to the west and Burma and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to the...
to the south-east, Guntur District
Guntur district
Guntur district is located in Andhra Pradesh along the east coast of Bay of Bengal. The district has a coastline of around 100 kilometers. Guntur City is the largest city in the district and administrative center of Guntur District. The district is a major center for learning.-Etymology:There are...
to the southwest, and Nalgonda
Nalgonda
Nalgonda is a town and a municipality in Nalgonda district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Its name is derived from two Telugu words Nalla and Konda . Nalgonda in the past is referred to as Nilagiri. During the period of Bahamani kingdom, it had been renamed as Nallagonda...
District to the west.
Krishna district is well known for its pre-university educational centers.
History
This history of this region dates back to 2nd century BCE.Satavahana period
Satavahana
The Sātavāhana Empire or Andhra Empire, was a royal Indian dynasty based from Dharanikota and Amaravati in Andhra Pradesh as well as Junnar and Prathisthan in Maharashtra. The territory of the empire covered much of India from 230 BCE onward...
(230 BC -227 AD): The Satavahanas ruled this region with headquarters at Srikaakulam
Srikakulam village
Srikakulam is a Village located in Ghantasala Mandal in diviseema region of Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh.This place is known for the Srikakulandhra Vishnu temple built in the honor of a king named Andhra Vishnu who reigned before Satavahanas...
. Prominent rulers during this period were Srimukha (founder), Goutamputra Satakarni and Yagnasri Satakarni (last Satavahan king). The Satavahanas imparted more stability and security to the life of the people of the region for more than four centuries.
Pallavas (500 AD - 340 AD):
The Pallava kingdom spread over from Krishna river to Tungabhadra, including Amaravati in the East, Bellary in the West and Kancheepuram in the South with capital cities at venginagar near Ellore
Eluru
Eluru is a city and a municipal corporation in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is the headquarters of West Godavari district and has a population of 5,15,343 approximately. Eluru is situated on the national highway NH 5 connecting Vijayawada and Visakhapatnam and about east of state...
and Pithapuram
Pithapuram
For famous Playback singer see Pithapuram Nageswara RaoPithapuram is a town and a municipality in East Godavari district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh....
, both in Vengidesa.
Bruhitpalayanas: The contemporaries of pallavas who ruled the district with Koduru
Koduru
Koduru is a village and Mandal in Diviseema, Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Village is famous with its greenery.There are few famous temples of which temple of Lord Ayyappa is famous and first among Diviseema.Also famous village Hamsaladeevi is in this mandal where a tributary of river...
as their capital.
Vishnukundina
Vishnukundina
The Vishnukundina Empire was an Indian imperial power controlling the Deccan, Orissa and parts of South India during the 5th and 6th centuries, carving land out from the Vakataka Empire. It played an important role in the history of the Deccan during the 5th and 6th centuries CE...
s (5th Century AD): The 5th century rulers who excavated cave temples at Mogalrajapuram (now in Vijayawada
Vijayawada
Vijayawada is the third largest city in Andhra Pradesh, India, located on the banks of the Krishna River and bounded by the Indrakiladri Hills on the West and the Budameru River on the North. The city is located in the Krishna District, about from the state capital Hyderabad.Vijayawada literally...
) and Undavalli
Undavalli caves
The Undavalli Caves , an example of Indian rock-cut architecture and a finest testimonial of ancient vishwakarma sthapathis, are located in the village of Undavalli in Tadepalli Mandal in Guntur District, near the southern bank of Krishna river, in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India.The caves are...
, etc.
Eastern chalukyas (615 AD - 1070 AD): The entire Andhra country was under the control of a single ruler under their reign. The Eastern Chalukyas were credited with the excavations of the cave temple at Undavalli
Undavalli caves
The Undavalli Caves , an example of Indian rock-cut architecture and a finest testimonial of ancient vishwakarma sthapathis, are located in the village of Undavalli in Tadepalli Mandal in Guntur District, near the southern bank of Krishna river, in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India.The caves are...
and rock cut shrines and Shiva temples.
Cholas: Cholas ruled this region with capital at Rajamahendri
Rajahmundry
Rajahmundry is a city and municipal corporation of the Andhra Pradesh state in India. It is located east of the state capital, Hyderabad, on the banks of the River Godavari. Known as the Cultural Capital, Rajahmundry is noted for its intense Veda culture and intellect...
. It was during Rajarajanaredra's reign that Nannayya Bhattu translated the Mahabharata
Mahabharata
The Mahabharata is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India and Nepal, the other being the Ramayana. The epic is part of itihasa....
in to Telugu.
Kakatiya
Kakatiya
The Kakatiya dynasty was an Indian dynasty that ruled most parts of what is now Andhra Pradesh, India from 1083 CE to 1323 CE, with Orugallu , now Warangal , as its capital. Orugallu is also called 'Eka Sila Nagaram'...
s: They ruled this region up to early 14th century with Orugallu
Warangal
Warangal is a city and a municipal corporation in Warangal district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Warangal is located northeast of the state capital of Hyderabad and is the administrative headquarters of Warangal District. This district is a combination of three cities: Warangal,...
as their capital.
Reddy dynasty
Reddy dynasty
The Reddy kingdom was established in southern India by Prolaya Vema Reddy. The region that was ruled by the Reddy dynasty is now part of modern day coastal and central Andhra Pradesh...
: On the downfall of Pratapa Rudra of Kakatiya, the eldest son of Pulaya Vema Reddi found himself independent and established himself in the hill fort of Kondavedu. He also possessed himself of the fortress of Bellamkonda, Vinukonda and Nagarjuna konda in the Palanad. The Kondavidu Reddi’s were great patrons of Telugu literature. The poet Srinadha and his brother-in –law Bammera Pothana flourished at his court. The ruins of fortresses at Kondavidu, Ballamkonda and Kondapalli are still to be seen.
Gajapathis
Gajapati Kingdom
The Gajapatis were a medieval Hindu dynasty that ruled over Kalinga , large parts of Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal, and the eastern and central parts of Madhya Pradesh and the southern parts of Bihar from 1434-1541. Gajapati dynasty was established by Kapilendra Deva in 1434...
of Orissa
Orissa
Orissa , officially Odisha since Nov 2011, is a state of India, located on the east coast of India, by the Bay of Bengal. It is the modern name of the ancient nation of Kalinga, which was invaded by the Maurya Emperor Ashoka in 261 BC. The modern state of Orissa was established on 1 April...
: Kapileswara Gajapathi is preserved by the village Kapileswarapuram now in Pamidimukkala mandal. He was succeeded by Vidyadhara Gajapathi who built Vidyadharapuram (now in Vijayawada
Vijayawada
Vijayawada is the third largest city in Andhra Pradesh, India, located on the banks of the Krishna River and bounded by the Indrakiladri Hills on the West and the Budameru River on the North. The city is located in the Krishna District, about from the state capital Hyderabad.Vijayawada literally...
) and constructed a reservoir at Kondapalli
Kondapalli
Kondapalli is an industrial town near Vijayawada city, Andhra Pradesh, India with population of nearly 38000. It is 16 km by road from Vijayawada on National Highway 221 and on Hyderabad–Vijayawada railway line.....
.
Vijayanagara empire
Vijayanagara Empire
The Vijayanagara Empire , referred as the Kingdom of Bisnaga by the Portuguese, was an empire based in South Indian in the Deccan Plateau region. It was established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I of the Yadava lineage. The empire rose to prominence as a culmination of attempts...
: Krishna devaraya of Vijayanagar
Vijayanagara
Vijayanagara is in Bellary District, northern Karnataka. It is the name of the now-ruined capital city "which was regarded as the second Rome" that surrounds modern-day Hampi, of the historic Vijayanagara empire which extended over the southern part of India....
conquered this region in early 16th century.
Qutb Shahis
Qutb Shahi dynasty
The Qutb Shahi dynasty was a Turko-Persian dynasty ; its members were collectively called the Qutub Shahis. They were the ruling family of the kingdom of Golkonda in modern-day Andra Pradesh, India. They were Shia Muslims and belonged to Kara Koyunlu...
: In 1512, the Kingdom of Golconda
Golconda
Golconda may be:Places:* Golkonda, ruined city and fortress in India* Golconda, Illinois, town in the United States* Golconda, Nevada, former town in the United StatesOther:* Golconda...
or Hyderabad was founded by one Sultan Quli Qutub Shah. The Kingdom of Golconda included this district within its limits. Abu-l-Hussain Shah was the last of Qutab Shahi dynasty known as Tanisha. He had two ministers, both Brahmins, named Madanna and Akkanna
Madanna and Akkanna
Madanna and Akkanna were two brothers who rose to prominence in the sultanate of Golkonda between 1674 and 1685. Towards the end of their lives in October 1685 they came to dominate state affairs in Golkonda...
. Popular tradition attributed this preference of Vijayawada to the devotion of the two ministers to the goddess Kanaka Durga.
Nizam
Nizam
Nizam-ul-Mulk of Hyderabad popularly known as Nizams of Hyderabad was a former monarchy of the Hyderabad State, now in the states of Andhra Pradesh , Karnataka , and Maharashtra in India...
s: The Emperor Aurangazeb included this district in the province of Golconda, which remained under Asaf jah who was appointed as Subedar or Viceroy of the Deccan in 1713 with the title of Nizam-ul-Mulk. The province of Golconda comprised five Nawabs’ charges viz. Arcot, Cuddapah, Kurnool, Rajahmundry and Chicacole (Srikakulam). The Nawab of Rajahmundry ruled the country induced in the Krishna District.
The English: In the year 1611 the English founded their settlement at Masulipatnam
Machilipatnam
Machilipatnam is a city and a special grade municipality in the Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India. It is located south east of state capital, Hyderabad.-History:...
which was their headquarters until they finally moved to Madras
Chennai
Chennai , formerly known as Madras or Madarasapatinam , is the capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal. Chennai is the fourth most populous metropolitan area and the sixth most populous city in India...
in 1641. The Dutch and French also had settlements at Masulipatnam
Machilipatnam
Machilipatnam is a city and a special grade municipality in the Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India. It is located south east of state capital, Hyderabad.-History:...
. Upon the death of the old Nizam-ul-Mulk in June 1748 his heirs strove for the succession with the support of the English and the French. When Nizam Ali Khan was proclaimed ruler of Golconda in 1761 the British secured at first the divisions of Masulipatnam, Nizampatnam and part of Kondaveedu and later the entire Circars. At first the district was administered by a chief and council at Masulipatnam but in 1794 Collectors, directly responsible to the Board of Revenue, were appointed at Masulipatnam.
Krishna District with its District Headquarters at vijayawada
Vijayawada
Vijayawada is the third largest city in Andhra Pradesh, India, located on the banks of the Krishna River and bounded by the Indrakiladri Hills on the West and the Budameru River on the North. The city is located in the Krishna District, about from the state capital Hyderabad.Vijayawada literally...
was formerly called as Machlipatnam District. Later it was renamed as Krishna District after the holy river Krishna, by adding certain Taluks of the abolished Guntur District in 1859 with vijayawada with its head. Guntur district was separated from Krishna in 1904. Again in 1925 Krishna District
Krishna district
Krishna District is a district of India's Andhra Pradesh state. It is named after the Krishna River, the third longest river that flows within India, flows through the district and joins Bay of Bengal here in this district. It has a population of 4,529,009 of which 32.08% is urban as of...
was further divided into Krishna and West Godavari
West Godavari
West Godavari District is one of the 23 districts of Andhra Pradesh, India. Eluru, is the district headquarter...
Districts. There were no significant further changes in its jurisdiction except some minor changes (in Divi Taluk and Munagala paragana).
Historic places in the district include:
- Chintalapadu(Chandarlapadu)
- Bandar Port
- KondapalliKondapalliKondapalli is an industrial town near Vijayawada city, Andhra Pradesh, India with population of nearly 38000. It is 16 km by road from Vijayawada on National Highway 221 and on Hyderabad–Vijayawada railway line.....
Killa - GudivadaGudivadaGudivada is a census town in Krishna district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a mandal headquarters with more than 100,000 inhabitants, lying as junction of Vijayawada-Machilipatnam-Bhimavaram-Nuzvid-Eluru in the Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh of...
- Ghantasala
- Gandhi Hill
Religiously significant places include:
- Kanaka Durga TempleKanaka Durga TempleKanaka Durga Temple is a famous Hindu Temple of Goddess Kanaka Durga located in Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh. The temple is located on the Indrakeeladri hill, on the banks of Krishna River....
- PandurangaSwamy Temple
- Brahmam gari Jenda in Edupugallu
- Penuganchiprolu Temple
- Mopidevi Temple
- MovvaMovvaMovva is a village and Mandal in Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India. The place of temples. This is the birth place of the great lyricist "Kshetrayya" also known as "varadayya" who has written many songs on "lord Krishna". This is the education center of diviseema. 30% of the villagers are...
gopala swami temple - Kondalamma temple
- Gollapudi Ayyappaswami Temple
- Hanuman Temple in Hanuman Junction
- Gunadala Matha Shrine
- MaremmaTemple,Putrela
- Sarswathi Devi Temple in Nuzvid
- ramalayam in Gadevarigudem**
- Venu Gopala Swami Temple,Nemali.*
Geography
occupies an area of 8727 square kilometres (3,369.5 sq mi), comparatively equivalent to CorsicaCorsica
Corsica is an island in the Mediterranean Sea. It is located west of Italy, southeast of the French mainland, and north of the island of Sardinia....
. The district is divided into upland and coastal area. Kolleru Lake
Kolleru Lake
Kolleru Lake is a large freshwater lake located in Andhra Pradesh state, India. Kolleru is located between Krishna and Godavari delta. Kolleru spans into two districts - Krishna and West Godavari. The lake serves as a natural flood-balancing reservoir for these two rivers...
, one of India's most ecologically significant wetland
Wetland
A wetland is an area of land whose soil is saturated with water either permanently or seasonally. Wetlands are categorised by their characteristic vegetation, which is adapted to these unique soil conditions....
s, lies partly within the district.
Hills
The main hill range of the district known as Kondapalli runs between Nandigama and Vijayawada with a length of about 24 km. The other impart hills are Jammalavoidurgam, Mogalrajapuram and Indrakiladri hills. On the Indrakiladri hills at Vijayawada stands the famous temple of Kanakadurga.Hydrology
Krishna River
The Krishna River , is one of the longest rivers in central-southern India, about . It is also referred to as Krishnaveni in its original nomenclature...
(length 1,280 km), Muniyeru (Muneru), the Tammileru and Budameru. Krishna river debouches in to the Bay of Bengal at Hamsala Divi and Nachugunta in this district. The district contains small hillstreams viz., Jayanthi, Kattaleru, Ippalavagu, Upputeru, Telleru, Ballaleru, Nadimeyeru.
Kolleru
Kolleru Lake
Kolleru Lake is a large freshwater lake located in Andhra Pradesh state, India. Kolleru is located between Krishna and Godavari delta. Kolleru spans into two districts - Krishna and West Godavari. The lake serves as a natural flood-balancing reservoir for these two rivers...
(Telugu: కొల్లేరు సరస్సు) is a large freshwater lake in India. Kolleru spans into two districts - Krishna and West Godavari. The lake serves as a natural flood-balancing reservoir for these two rivers. The lake is fed directly by water from the seasonal Budameru and Tammileru streams, and is connected to the Krishna and Godavari systems by over 68 inflowing drains and channels. The lake was an important habitat for an estimated 20 million resident and migratory birds, including the Grey or Spot-billed Pelican (Pelecanus philippensis). The lake was notified as a wildlife sanctuary in November 1999 under India's Wildlife Protection Act of 1972, and designated a wetland of international importance in November 2002 under the international Ramsar Convention. The wildlife sanctuary covers an area of 308 km².
Climate
The climatic conditions of the district consist of extremely hot summers and mild winters and may be classified as tropical. The period starting from April to June is the hottest. The annual rainfall in the region is about 1028 mm and is contributed to by the Southwest monsoon.Geology
Three types of soils viz., Black Cotton (57.6%), Sand clay loams (22.3%) and Red loams (19.4%).Natural Gas and Crude Oil is found extensively offshore and on the coastal belt of the district
Small deposits of Diamonds are available.Limestone is a major mineral extracted in the district.Sand quarrying for construction is extracted from krishna and munneru rivers.
- Chromite: Kondapalli hills and adjoining areas
- Diamonds: Paritala, Ustepalls, Kondavatikallu, Ramannapet, Suryavaram, Kothapet, Nemalipuram, Mugaluru, Putrela(Famous in rajasthan)etc.
- Iron Ore: Jaggayyapet area
- Lime Stone: Jaggayyapet area
- Mica: Tiruvuru area
- Salphur: Kona in Machilipatnam Mandal.
Economy
The Majority of the people in Urban areas of Krishna district are engaged in trade and commerce. Agriculture is the most important occupation of the people of the district.The District hosts many industries. KCP Sugar Factory at Vuyyur is one of the largest sugar plants in India. Vijayawada Thermal Power Station (VTPS) near Ibrahimpatnam is ranked as the No.1 Power generation unit in India for its high performance. Apart from this, many medium Scale Cement factories are there throughout the district. There are many small scale industries like musical instruments at Jaggayyapeta, gold-plated ornaments at Machilipatnam and Kondapalli toys. SIRIS Pharmaceutical Company at Vijayawada is another giant company manufacturing Allopathic medicines. The oldest port in Andhra Pradesh is at Machilipatnam.
Household indicators
In 2007–2008 the International Institute for Population Sciences interviewed 1229 households in 34 villages across the district. They found that 94.7% had access to electricity, 93.4% had drinking waterWater supply and sanitation in India
Water supply and sanitation in India continue to be inadequate, despite longstanding efforts by the various levels of government and communities at improving coverage. The level of investment in water and sanitation, albeit low by international standards, has increased during the 2000s. Access has...
, 60.3% toilet facilities, and 45.5% lived in a pucca
Pucca housing
Pucca housing refers to dwellings that are designed to be solid and permanent. The term is applied to housing in South Asia built of substantial material such as stone, brick, cement, concrete, or timber....
(permanent) home
Housing in India
Housing in India varies greatly and reflects the socio-economic mix of its vast population.Housing varies from palaces of erstwhile maharajas in Rajasthan to swanky apartment buildings in big cities to tiny huts in far-flung villages...
. 20.6% of girls wed before the legal age
Marriageable age
Marriageable age is the age at which a person is allowed to marry, either as of right or subject to parental or other forms of consent. The age and other requirements vary between countries, but generally it is set at 18, although most jurisdictions allow marriage at slightly younger ages with...
of 18 and 76.9% of interviewees carried a BPL
Below Poverty Line
Below Poverty Line is an economic benchmark and poverty threshold used by the government of India to indicate economic disadvantage and to identify individuals and households in need of government assistance and aid. It is determined using various parameters which vary from state to state and...
card.
Divisions
The District is divided into four revenue divisions namely Vijayawada, Nuzvid, Machilipatnam, Gudivada revenue divisions each headed by a sub collector.Mandals
There are a total of 50 mandals in Krishna District
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Parliamentary divisions
Krishna district has two parliamentary constituencies VijayawadaVijayawada
Vijayawada is the third largest city in Andhra Pradesh, India, located on the banks of the Krishna River and bounded by the Indrakiladri Hills on the West and the Budameru River on the North. The city is located in the Krishna District, about from the state capital Hyderabad.Vijayawada literally...
and Machilipatnam
Machilipatnam
Machilipatnam is a city and a special grade municipality in the Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India. It is located south east of state capital, Hyderabad.-History:...
. In Andhra pradesh assembly Krishna district has 16 constituencies namely Tiruvuru
Tiruvuru
Tiruvuru is a town and Mandal head quarters in Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India and is located 74 km from Vijayawada. It is a business center for nearly 51 villages around it. Population of the town was around 85,000. It is a historical place also. Sri Krishna Deva Raya has visited...
(SC), Nandigama
Nandigama
Nandigama is one of the Big Towns and a Mandal in Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Nandigama is famous for the temples which had a great history for years. The mukkoti ekadasi is celebrated every year grandly in Nandigama....
(SC), Mylavaram
Mylavaram
Mailavaram or Mylavaram is a small town and Mandal head quarters in Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India.Mylavaram is constituency for Andhra Pradesh state Assembly. It includes kondapalli, Ibrahimpatnam too in its jurisdiction.-Geography:...
, Jaggayyapeta
Jaggayyapeta
Jaggaiahpeta is an ancient town and now a municipality in Krishna district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. This town is located on the banks of a river called Paleru which is a tributary of the Krishna River.- Demographics :...
, Vijayawada (West), Vijayawada (Central), Vijayawada (East), Penamaluru
Penamaluru
Penamaluru is a village and Mandal in Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Located 7 km to the east of Vijayawada. Penamaluru is the mandal headquarters of penamaluru mandal and headquarters of penamaluru assembly constituency.- Demographics :...
, Nuzvid
Nuzvid
Nuzvid is a mandal and municipality in Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India. It is 50 km from Vijayawada and 35 km from Eluru. This place is well connected by bus and rail. Nuzvid is well known for its mangos, which are exported world wide....
, Gannavaram
Gannavaram
Gannavaram is a town and a mandal headquarter located in Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is situated at a distance of 20 kilometers from the city of Vijayawada on National Highway 5 connecting Chennai to Kolkata. Gannavaram is known for its airport and weather reporting...
, Pedana
Pedana
Pedana is a town, Mandal and a municipality in Krishna district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.-Geography:Pedana is located at . It has an average elevation of 0.5 metres .-Demographics:...
, Gudivada
Gudivada
Gudivada is a census town in Krishna district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a mandal headquarters with more than 100,000 inhabitants, lying as junction of Vijayawada-Machilipatnam-Bhimavaram-Nuzvid-Eluru in the Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh of...
, Kaikaluru
Kaikaluru
Kaikaluru or Kaikalur is a small town and Mandal headquarters with a population of 22,000 in Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Kaikalur is home to one of India's biggest lakes called Kolleru. Kaikalur is famous for fish farming.-Geography:...
, Machilipatnam
Machilipatnam
Machilipatnam is a city and a special grade municipality in the Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India. It is located south east of state capital, Hyderabad.-History:...
, Avanigadda
Avanigadda
Avanigadda is a town and a mandal in Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India.The population of the town was around 27000.The town is famous for its Mango crop,especially banginapalli variety only after to Nuzvid.- Geography :...
, Pamarru
Pamarru
Pamarru is a village and Mandal in Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India.This is a major panchayatFormer Chief minister N.T.Rama Rao belongs to this mandal.Education of Mr.N.T Ramarao took place in this village....
(SC).
Telugu Desam and Congress(I) are the main parties in the district.
Transport
- The Bus complex (PNBS-Pandit Nehru Bus Station) at Vijayawada is second biggest in Asia.
- The Railway station at Vijayawada is the 2nd Busiest Junction in Asia. More than 190 trains pass by/originate/terminate at this railway station in a day on an average.
- Airport is located at Gannavaram which is 16 km north east of Vijayawada connecting the city to Hyderabad, Chennai, Bangalore, Rajahmundry,New Delhi.
- A new deep water port is under construction in Machilipatnam.
Four national highways pass through the district
- NH-5 Chennai to Kolkata
- NH-9 Pune to Machilipatnam
- NH-221 Vijayawada to Jagdalpur
- NH-214 Kathipudi to On
Demographics
According to the 2011 census2011 census of India
The 15th Indian National census was conducted in two phases, houselisting and population enumeration. Houselisting phase began on April 1, 2010 and involved collection of information about all buildings...
has a population
Demographics of India
The demographics of India are inclusive of the second most populous country in the world, with over 1.21 billion people , more than a sixth of the world's population. Already containing 17.5% of the world's population, India is projected to be the world's most populous country by 2025, surpassing...
of 4,529,009 , roughly equal to the nation of Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
or the US state of Louisiana
Louisiana
Louisiana is a state located in the southern region of the United States of America. Its capital is Baton Rouge and largest city is New Orleans. Louisiana is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes, which are local governments equivalent to counties...
. This gives it a ranking of 34th in India (out of a total of 640
Districts of India
A district is an administrative division of an Indian state or territory. Districts are further subdivided, in some cases into Sub-Divisions, and otherwise directly into tehsils or talukas.District officials include:...
) and 4th in its state. The district has a population density of 519 PD/sqkm . Its population growth rate
Family planning in India
Family planning in India is based on efforts largely sponsored by the Indian government. In the 1965-2009 period, contraceptive usage has more than tripled and the fertility rate has more than halved , but the national fertility rate is still high enough to cause long-term population growth...
over the decade 2001-2011 was 8.15 %. Krishna has a sex ratio
Sex ratio
Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population. The primary sex ratio is the ratio at the time of conception, secondary sex ratio is the ratio at time of birth, and tertiary sex ratio is the ratio of mature organisms....
of 997 females
Women in India
The status of women in India has been subject to many great changes over the past few millennia. From equal status with men in ancient times through the low points of the medieval period, to the promotion of equal rights by many reformers, the history of women in India has been eventful...
for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate
Literacy in India
Literacy in India is key for socio-economic progress, and the Indian literacy rate grew to 74.04% in 2011 from 12% at the end of British rule in 1947. Although this was a greater than sixfold improvement, the level is well below the world average literacy rate of 84%, and India currently has the...
of 74.37 %.
Culture
The Telugu Dialect of this region is often considered to be standard dialect of Telugu.The Kuchipudi
Kuchipudi
Kuchipudi is a Classical Indian dance form Andhra Pradesh, India. It is also popular all over South India. Kuchipudi is the name of a village in the Divi Taluka of Krishna district that borders the Bay of Bengal and with resident Brahmins practicing this traditional dance form, it acquired the...
dance form originated from this district.
Notable personalities
It is the birth place of many significant personalities in this part of the world, including:- Pingali Venkaiah designer of Indian National Flag
- Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao (N.T.R)
- Mutnuri Krishna Rao(Krishna Patrika)
- Ghantasala Venkateswara Rao
- Akkineni Nageswara RaoAkkineni Nageswara RaoAkkineni Nageswara Rao , also known as ANR, is a Telugu cinema actor from Gudivada, Andhra Pradesh. Nageswara Rao has worked in several genres of films in his 70-year acting career, including mythological, social, and drama films...
(A.N.R) - Sobhan BabuSobhan BabuSobhan Babu was an Indian film actor in Telugu cinema. Born as Uppu Sobhana Chalapathi Rao to a middle-class family, Sobhan went on to become a romantic icon and was one of the top Tollywood heroes for two decades...
- S.V Ranga Rao(SVR)
- Savitri(Actress)
- Rajendar Prasad(Actor)
- C.K Naidu
- K.V.P RamaChandra Rao,Member of parliament[Rajya sabha].
- Ramoji Rao CherukuriRamoji RaoCherukuri Ramoji Rao, better known as Ramoji Rao , is an Indian businessman and media entrepreneur. He is head of the Ramoji Group which owns, among other things, the world's largest film production facility, Ramoji Film City....
- Ayyadevara Kaleswara Rao
- Viswanatha SatyanarayanaViswanatha SatyanarayanaViswanatha Satyanarayana , popularly known as the Kavi Samraat , was a modern Telugu poet.He was a disciple of the Tirupati Venkata Kavulu duo...
- Vasireddy Balarama Krishna Mahehswara Prasad (Person who fought for Nagarjuna sagar Project)
- Yarlagada Sivaram Prasad (Challapalli Raja)
- M. R . Appa Rao (Nuzvidu Raja)
- K. L. Rao
- Kakani Venkata Ratnam, politician
- Dr. Bhogaraju Pattabhi Sitharamaiah
- Duggirala Gopala Krishna
- Jayaprakash Narayana, Convenor Lok Satta
- Veturi (lyric writer)
- Dr.Ghattamaneni Babu Rao, a renowned philanthropist.
- Dr.Yarlagadda Laxmi Prasad,writer,padmasri award winner.
- Koneru Humpy (Grand Master, Chess)
- Vemula Hajarathaia gupta(Famous lower)
- NirmalammaNirmalammaNirmalamma was one of the most versatile and natural character artists in the Telugu film industry of India. She has acted in more than 800 films. She was well known for her grandmother roles in several films.-Film career:...
- Annapragada Lakshmi Narayana (renown Educationalist of Coastal Andhra)
- Kaikala SatyanarayanaKaikala SatyanarayanaKaikala Satyanarayana , a versatile Telugu cine actor, was born on 25 July 1935 to Kaikala Laxmi Narayana couple at Kautaram village in Krishna district. Having completed his primary and intermediate education in Gudivada and Vijayawada, Satyanarayana graduated from Gudivada College...
- Nimmagadda PrasadNimmagadda PrasadNimmagadda Prasad, is an Indian serial entrepreneur, the founder and Vice Chairman of Matrix Laboratories, Chairman of MAA TV and VANPIC. Mr. Prasad is often addressed as "Matrix Prasad" or "MAA Prasad" in the social circles....
- Koneru Hampi
Flora and fauna
The district has no forests worth mentioning. The forest occupies only 9% of the total district area. However, it contains Reserved Forest areas in Nandigama, Vijayawada, Tiruvuru, Nuzvid, Gannavaram, Bandar and Divi Taluks. A type of lightwood known as ‘Ponuku’ (Gyrocapus Jacquini) is found in the Kondapalli hills. The wood is used for the manufacture of the well known Kondpalli toys. The most noticeable trees are pterocarpus, Terminalia, Anogeissus and Logustroeinai and Casuarina.Panthers, hyenas, jungle cats, foxes, bears and other carnivorous mammalian fauna are found here. Deer, spotted deer sambar, blackbuck and other herbivorous animals are found in the inland forests. A migrant gray billed pelican is a protected bird in the Kollair lake bordering the Krishna district. The district has a large number of Murrah buffaloes and cows.
Education
Vijayawada is one of the main education centers in Andhra Pradesh. NTR University of Health SciencesNTR University of Health Sciences
NTR University of Health Sciences is a public university in the city of Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India. It is named after its founder N.T. Rama Rao.-History:...
is located in Vijayawada. Krishna University
Krishna University
Krishna University was established in Machilipatnam Krishna district Andhra Pradesh in 2008. It was established by the state of Andhra Pradesh to promote education in various streams of education in the district. The university has the entire district under its jurisdiction...
is located in Machilipatnam. is present in Nuzvid. South Indian branch of School of Planning and Architecture
School of Planning and Architecture
School of Planning and Architecture, Delhi is a National Resource Institute of India. It is also one of the few premier 'Centrally Funded Technical Institutions ' under the Government of India. Currently there are 3 SPAs all over India, administered under the MHRD, Government of India...
is present in Vijayawada.
It boasts Headquarters of numerous residential colleges and schools like Sri Chaitanya, Nalanda, Gowtham, Sri Krishnaveni, American Medical Education for USMLE Coaching which are amongst the biggest/largest of the Corporate Educational Institutes in India.
District has numerous engineering colleges including Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha Engineering College, Gudlavalleru Engineering College, KLCE. Gudlavalleru Polytechnic College, Mary Stella college, Sidhartha Degree College are few of the many famous arts and science colleges in the district.
Sports
Kabbadi is the most popular sport followed by cricket, volleyball and tennis. Indira Gandhi Municipal Stadium in Vijayawada hosts One Day Internationals Cricket matches of India.External links
Places of tourist interest
ijayawada. It is also known as Bejawada IS THE CAPITAL OF THE DISTRICT. IT IS FAMOUS for its temple called durgamma temple. It is famous for its barrage. During British and french period of Rule it is famous for business. It is still big business center. The next important town in this district is machilipatnam. It is a biggest Railway junction in Andhra pradesh. It is also very famous for pilgrims. The DURGA Temple situated on top of hill INDRAKILADRI is very famous. Thousands of pilgrims visited this temple. The other places of visit are Prakash barrage, across KRISHNA River, Mogalraaja puram caves and Kondapalli toys are4 other attractions.
Category:Districts of Andhra Pradesh
Category:Krishna district
ca:Districte de Krishna
es:Distrito de Krishna
gu:કૃષ્ણા જિલ્લો
hi:कृष्णा जिला
it:Distretto di Krishna
pam:Krishna (distritu)
ka:კრიშნა (ოლქი)
mr:कृष्णा जिल्हा
new:किरुष्णा (सन् १९९६या संकिपा)
no:Krishna (distrikt)
pa:ਕ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਣਾ ਜ਼ਿਲਾ
pnb:ضلع کرشنہ
pl:Krishna (dystrykt)
pt:Krishna (distrito)
ru:Кришна (округ)
ta:கிருஷ்ணா மாவட்டம்
te:కృష్ణా జిల్లా
uk:Крішна (округ)