List of GM engines
Encyclopedia
This is a list of GM engines, or more specifically a list of engine
designs that General Motors has used in its various products.
and Holden
) almost complete autonomy in the design and engineering of their various vehicle lines, so long as they fit within the GM hierarchy. Thus, each division (with only a few exceptions) maintained separate and distinct engine designs for many decades.
By the 1970s, GM began to see problems with this approach. For instance, four different North American divisions (Chevrolet
, Pontiac
, Oldsmobile
and Buick
) offered four completely different versions of a 350 cu in V8 engine - very few parts would interchange between the four designs despite their visual similarities, resulting in confusion for owners who (quite naturally) assumed that replacement parts would be usable across the board. In addition to these issues and the obvious overlap in production costs, the cost of certifying so many different engines for tightening worldwide emissions regulations threatened to become very costly.
Thus, by the early 1980s, GM had consolidated its powertrain engineering efforts into a few distinct lines. Generally, North American and European (Opel
) engineering units remained separate, with Australia's Holden
and other global divisions borrowing designs from one or the other as needed. GM also worked out sharing agreements with other manufacturers like Isuzu
and Nissan to fill certain gaps in engineering. Similarly, the company also purchased other automotive firms (like Saab Automobile
and Daewoo Motor
), eventually folding their engine designs into the corporate portfolio as well.
Besides GM's core business of automobiles and trucks, the company also maintained several divisions specializing in heavy-duty or industrial engines. These included Detroit Diesel
, Allison
, and Electro-Motive. All three produced high-capacity powerplants in a wide variety of types and sizes, most totally unrelated to the automotive divisions. GM eventually spun these divisions off to focus solely on its core business, but the engines they designed while under GM's control are included in this list to illustrate the company's level of engineering ability.
, even though they may have little or nothing to do with each other from an engineering perspective. (For example, the Vortec 2200 and Vortec 2800 are both inline four-cylinder engines, but they share no parts with each other; additionally, the 2200's basic design predates that of the 2800 by over two decades.)
On the other hand, some of GM's earliest engine designs (from the company's 1908 founding through the 1930s) have gained colloquial
nickname
s over the years that have reached a level of common usage. The most famous of these may be Chevrolet
's "Stovebolt"
six-cylinder engine. Other names were used in a semi-formal context, like Pontiac
's Silver Streak
eight-cylinder (Pontiac models carrying this engine often had "Silver Streak" badges or decorations on their bodies, but the engine itself was never officially referred to as such).
(Regular Production Option) codes to identify specific equipment on their various lines of vehicles. RPO codes relating to engines generally begin with an "L"; hence many GM engines have become commonly associated with a particular RPO code - the "L88" V8, "LSJ" inline-4, "LX5" V6, etc.
There is no specific rationale for which combination of letters or numbers are used after the initial "L" digit, and it should be noted that (despite thousands of possible combinations) GM has reused many different codes over the years. This can sometimes lead to confusion, especially when engines of similar design use the same codes. (For instance, "LS6" can refer to two totally different Chevrolet V8 engines in both the older Chevrolet "big-block"
family and the newer LS
family.)
, the company's units outside of North America began using a more organized SKU-style coding system during the 1980s to classify engines used within their own set of divisions. Though there are some differences, it is a similar style to that used by manufacturers like Honda
or Nissan and easily indicates several different criteria of a given engine for quick identification. Depending on the engine's particular level of tuning or complexity, codes may range from four to six digits in length.
An example code for a specific gasoline
(petrol) engine is "C20LET". In this case, "C" indicates compliance with the Euro 1 European emission standards
, "20" indicates displacement of 2.0 liters, "L" indicates a compression ratio
of 8.5:1 to 9.0:1, "E" indicates use of electronic multi-point fuel injection
, and "T" indicates use of a turbocharger
. Codes for diesel engine
s are largely similar.
Holden
in Australia used straight-6 engines for a number of years in their family sedan models, with local engines ranging in size from 2.15L (132ci) in the original Holden 48-215
of 1948, to the 3.3L (202ci) six used in the 1970s and 80s, up until 1985 with the VK Commodore
. These engines were color-coded, often being referred to by the color of their engine block (grey, red, blue, black). These home-grown engines were replaced in the 1986 VL Commodore
to coincide with new unleaded fuel requirements in Australia. Since the old engine was considered unsuitable, and a new engine hadn't been developed, the VL Commodore sported Nissan's RB30 engine, the last straight six ever used in a Commodore.
and V8 engines, so the company bought the design back and launched what would eventually become the familiar 3800 V6
line. From that point on, the company has continued to introduce ever more advanced designs around the world, culminating in the most recent High Feature
engines.
and Cadillac's advanced DOHC V8, the Northstar.
Several other V12 engines, designed for use in Cadillac models, have been proposed by GM over the years but have not yet managed to reach series production.
As with the V12, Cadillac has recently considered production of a modern V16 as well, but has not gotten beyond production of prototypes and one well-regarded concept vehicle
supporting the idea.
GM diesels stem from the acquisition of Winton Engine Corporation in 1930. Winton was based in Cleveland, and initial production continued in that city. These were mid-sized engines. The main customer of Winton was the Electro Motive Corporation, the pioneering producer of diesel-electric locomotives. GM acquired Electro Motive at roughly the same time as Winton. These two companies were merged to become the Electro Motive Division (EMD) of GM in 1941, which was responsible for locomotive production and engine design. A further division, the Cleveland Diesel Engine Division, was responsible for submarine, marine and stationary versions of the EMD engines. Finally, in 1937 GM set up a third diesel division in Detroit, the Detroit Diesel
Engine Division. The Electro Motive Division was responsible for mid- and large-displacement engines (over 150 cubic inches per cylinder) while the Detroit Diesel Division was responsible for small-displacement engines (50 through 149 cubic inches displacement). The Canadian market was served by a single company, General Motors Diesel
, which produced versions of the EMD and Detroit engines.
Engine
An engine or motor is a machine designed to convert energy into useful mechanical motion. Heat engines, including internal combustion engines and external combustion engines burn a fuel to create heat which is then used to create motion...
designs that General Motors has used in its various products.
Divisions
From its founding in 1908, GM allowed each of its divisions (including overseas units like OpelOpel
Adam Opel AG, generally shortened to Opel, is a German automobile company founded by Adam Opel in 1862. Opel has been building automobiles since 1899, and became an Aktiengesellschaft in 1929...
and Holden
Holden
GM Holden Ltd is an automaker that operates in Australia, based in Port Melbourne, Victoria. The company was founded in 1856 as a saddlery manufacturer. In 1908 it moved into the automotive field, before becoming a subsidiary of the U.S.-based General Motors in 1931...
) almost complete autonomy in the design and engineering of their various vehicle lines, so long as they fit within the GM hierarchy. Thus, each division (with only a few exceptions) maintained separate and distinct engine designs for many decades.
By the 1970s, GM began to see problems with this approach. For instance, four different North American divisions (Chevrolet
Chevrolet
Chevrolet , also known as Chevy , is a brand of vehicle produced by General Motors Company . Founded by Louis Chevrolet and ousted GM founder William C. Durant on November 3, 1911, General Motors acquired Chevrolet in 1918...
, Pontiac
Pontiac
Pontiac was an automobile brand that was established in 1926 as a companion make for General Motors' Oakland. Quickly overtaking its parent in popularity, it supplanted the Oakland brand entirely by 1933 and, for most of its life, became a companion make for Chevrolet. Pontiac was sold in the...
, Oldsmobile
Oldsmobile
Oldsmobile was a brand of American automobile produced for most of its existence by General Motors. It was founded by Ransom E. Olds in 1897. In its 107-year history, it produced 35.2 million cars, including at least 14 million built at its Lansing, Michigan factory...
and Buick
Buick
Buick is a premium brand of General Motors . Buick models are sold in the United States, Canada, Mexico, China, Taiwan, and Israel, with China being its largest market. Buick holds the distinction as the oldest active American make...
) offered four completely different versions of a 350 cu in V8 engine - very few parts would interchange between the four designs despite their visual similarities, resulting in confusion for owners who (quite naturally) assumed that replacement parts would be usable across the board. In addition to these issues and the obvious overlap in production costs, the cost of certifying so many different engines for tightening worldwide emissions regulations threatened to become very costly.
Thus, by the early 1980s, GM had consolidated its powertrain engineering efforts into a few distinct lines. Generally, North American and European (Opel
Opel
Adam Opel AG, generally shortened to Opel, is a German automobile company founded by Adam Opel in 1862. Opel has been building automobiles since 1899, and became an Aktiengesellschaft in 1929...
) engineering units remained separate, with Australia's Holden
Holden
GM Holden Ltd is an automaker that operates in Australia, based in Port Melbourne, Victoria. The company was founded in 1856 as a saddlery manufacturer. In 1908 it moved into the automotive field, before becoming a subsidiary of the U.S.-based General Motors in 1931...
and other global divisions borrowing designs from one or the other as needed. GM also worked out sharing agreements with other manufacturers like Isuzu
Isuzu
, is a Japanese car, commercial vehicle and heavy truck manufacturing company, headquartered in Tokyo. In 2005, Isuzu became the world's largest manufacturer of medium to heavy duty trucks. It has assembly and manufacturing plants in the Japanese city of Fujisawa, as well as in the prefectures...
and Nissan to fill certain gaps in engineering. Similarly, the company also purchased other automotive firms (like Saab Automobile
Saab Automobile
Saab Automobile AB, better known as Saab , is a Swedish car manufacturer owned by Dutch automobile manufacturer Swedish Automobile NV, formerly Spyker Cars NV. It is the exclusive automobile Royal Warrant holder as appointed by the King of Sweden...
and Daewoo Motor
GM Daewoo
GM Korea Company is South Korea's second largest automobile manufacturer and is a division of the General Motors Company. GM Korea's roots go back to the former Daewoo which was split from its parent company, Daewoo Group, in 2001...
), eventually folding their engine designs into the corporate portfolio as well.
Besides GM's core business of automobiles and trucks, the company also maintained several divisions specializing in heavy-duty or industrial engines. These included Detroit Diesel
Detroit Diesel
As a corporation, Daimler Trucks North America has decided to rename the company "DETROIT".Detroit Diesel Corporation is an American-based diesel engine producer headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, USA...
, Allison
Allison Engine Company
The Allison Engine Company was a U.S. aircraft engine manufacturer. In 1929, shortly after the death of James Allison, the company was purchased by the Fisher brothers. Fisher sold the company to General Motors, who owned it for most of its history...
, and Electro-Motive. All three produced high-capacity powerplants in a wide variety of types and sizes, most totally unrelated to the automotive divisions. GM eventually spun these divisions off to focus solely on its core business, but the engines they designed while under GM's control are included in this list to illustrate the company's level of engineering ability.
Names
In recent years, GM (like many other auto manufacturers) has begun to use specific brand names to market their engines. As a consequence of this, many different families of GM engines use names such as EcoTec and VortecGM Vortec engine
Vortec is a trademarked name for a line of piston engines for General Motors trucks. The name first appeared in 1988 on a 4.3 L V6 that used "vortex technology" to create a vortex inside the combustion chamber, creating a better air/fuel mix. Now its used on a wide range of different engines...
, even though they may have little or nothing to do with each other from an engineering perspective. (For example, the Vortec 2200 and Vortec 2800 are both inline four-cylinder engines, but they share no parts with each other; additionally, the 2200's basic design predates that of the 2800 by over two decades.)
On the other hand, some of GM's earliest engine designs (from the company's 1908 founding through the 1930s) have gained colloquial
Colloquialism
A colloquialism is a word or phrase that is common in everyday, unconstrained conversation rather than in formal speech, academic writing, or paralinguistics. Dictionaries often display colloquial words and phrases with the abbreviation colloq. as an identifier...
nickname
Nickname
A nickname is "a usually familiar or humorous but sometimes pointed or cruel name given to a person or place, as a supposedly appropriate replacement for or addition to the proper name.", or a name similar in origin and pronunciation from the original name....
s over the years that have reached a level of common usage. The most famous of these may be Chevrolet
Chevrolet
Chevrolet , also known as Chevy , is a brand of vehicle produced by General Motors Company . Founded by Louis Chevrolet and ousted GM founder William C. Durant on November 3, 1911, General Motors acquired Chevrolet in 1918...
's "Stovebolt"
Chevrolet Straight-6 engine
The Chevrolet inline 6 was Chevy's main engine from 1929 , through 1954, and was the base engine starting in 1955 when they added the small block V8 to the lineup. It had finally been completely phased out by 1990 in North America, but Brazil held on to their fuel-injected straight-6 through the...
six-cylinder engine. Other names were used in a semi-formal context, like Pontiac
Pontiac
Pontiac was an automobile brand that was established in 1926 as a companion make for General Motors' Oakland. Quickly overtaking its parent in popularity, it supplanted the Oakland brand entirely by 1933 and, for most of its life, became a companion make for Chevrolet. Pontiac was sold in the...
's Silver Streak
Pontiac Straight-8 engine
The straight-8 was an eight-cylinder, in-line automobile engine that was used in production Pontiacs from 1933 to 1954. Introduced in the fall of 1932 for the 1933 models, it was Pontiac's most powerful engine at the time and was the least expensive eight-cylinder engine built by an American...
eight-cylinder (Pontiac models carrying this engine often had "Silver Streak" badges or decorations on their bodies, but the engine itself was never officially referred to as such).
Coding
Within its regional units around the world, GM has traditionally used two different coding methods to identify their engines. Specific codes will not be discussed here, but a breakdown of how they work may be useful for research within individual engine family articles linked to this list.North America
Since the 1970s, GM's North American divisions have used three-digit RPORegular Production Option
A Regular Production Option is a General Motors standard coding for vehicle configuration options. These codes are a combination of 3 alphanumeric characters and refer to a specific option or modification to the vehicle...
(Regular Production Option) codes to identify specific equipment on their various lines of vehicles. RPO codes relating to engines generally begin with an "L"; hence many GM engines have become commonly associated with a particular RPO code - the "L88" V8, "LSJ" inline-4, "LX5" V6, etc.
There is no specific rationale for which combination of letters or numbers are used after the initial "L" digit, and it should be noted that (despite thousands of possible combinations) GM has reused many different codes over the years. This can sometimes lead to confusion, especially when engines of similar design use the same codes. (For instance, "LS6" can refer to two totally different Chevrolet V8 engines in both the older Chevrolet "big-block"
Chevrolet Big-Block engine
The Chevrolet big block is a series of large displacement V8 engines that were developed in the USA during the 1950s and 1960s. As American automobiles grew in size and weight following the Second World War the engines powering them had to keep pace...
family and the newer LS
GM LS engine
The GM LS engine family is an engine design intended as the only V-8 engine used in General Motors' line of rear-wheel-drive cars and trucks. The LS series was a "clean sheet" design with little in common with the classic Chevrolet small block V8...
family.)
Worldwide (outside North America)
Led by GM EuropeGM Europe
General Motors Europe AG was responsible for the operation of General Motors Corporation businesses in Europe. The subsidiary was established by GM in 1986 and operated 14 production and assembly facilities in 9 countries, and employed around 54,500 people...
, the company's units outside of North America began using a more organized SKU-style coding system during the 1980s to classify engines used within their own set of divisions. Though there are some differences, it is a similar style to that used by manufacturers like Honda
Honda
is a Japanese public multinational corporation primarily known as a manufacturer of automobiles and motorcycles.Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, as well as the world's largest manufacturer of internal combustion engines measured by volume, producing more than...
or Nissan and easily indicates several different criteria of a given engine for quick identification. Depending on the engine's particular level of tuning or complexity, codes may range from four to six digits in length.
An example code for a specific gasoline
Gasoline
Gasoline , or petrol , is a toxic, translucent, petroleum-derived liquid that is primarily used as a fuel in internal combustion engines. It consists mostly of organic compounds obtained by the fractional distillation of petroleum, enhanced with a variety of additives. Some gasolines also contain...
(petrol) engine is "C20LET". In this case, "C" indicates compliance with the Euro 1 European emission standards
European emission standards
European emission standards define the acceptable limits for exhaust emissions of new vehicles sold in EU member states. The emission standards are defined in a series of European Union directives staging the progressive introduction of increasingly stringent standards.Currently, emissions of...
, "20" indicates displacement of 2.0 liters, "L" indicates a compression ratio
Compression ratio
The 'compression ratio' of an internal-combustion engine or external combustion engine is a value that represents the ratio of the volume of its combustion chamber from its largest capacity to its smallest capacity...
of 8.5:1 to 9.0:1, "E" indicates use of electronic multi-point fuel injection
Fuel injection
Fuel injection is a system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine. It has become the primary fuel delivery system used in automotive petrol engines, having almost completely replaced carburetors in the late 1980s....
, and "T" indicates use of a turbocharger
Turbocharger
A turbocharger, or turbo , from the Greek "τύρβη" is a centrifugal compressor powered by a turbine that is driven by an engine's exhaust gases. Its benefit lies with the compressor increasing the mass of air entering the engine , thereby resulting in greater performance...
. Codes for diesel engine
Diesel engine
A diesel engine is an internal combustion engine that uses the heat of compression to initiate ignition to burn the fuel, which is injected into the combustion chamber...
s are largely similar.
Straight (inline) two
- 1909 Oakland twin (acquired via GM's purchase of Oakland Motor Car)
Straight (inline) three
- 1998-2004 Daewoo M-TEC/S-TEC threeDaewoo S-TEC engineS-TEC is a low-displacement engine range codeveloped by Suzuki and Daewoo Motors for use in micro- and subcompact cars.The first model was 0.8 L Straight-3 engine, based on the powerplant of the Suzuki Alto...
(acquired with purchase of Daewoo MotorsGM DaewooGM Korea Company is South Korea's second largest automobile manufacturer and is a division of the General Motors Company. GM Korea's roots go back to the former Daewoo which was split from its parent company, Daewoo Group, in 2001...
) - 1996–present GM Family 0 threeGM Family 0 engineThe Family 0 is a family of inline piston engines that was developed by GM Powertrain Torino, a subsidiary of Opel, as a low-displacement engine for use on entry-level subcompact cars from Opel/Vauxhall....
(marketed as ECOtec)
External (non-GM) designs
- 1984–present Suzuki G threeSuzuki G engineThe Suzuki G engine is a type of internal combustion engine manufactured by Suzuki Motor Corporation for various automobiles, primarily based on the GM M platform, including the:* Holden Barina...
(used in several models built for GM by SuzukiSuzukiis a Japanese multinational corporation headquartered in Hamamatsu, Japan that specializes in manufacturing compact automobiles and 4x4 vehicles, a full range of motorcycles, all-terrain vehicles , outboard marine engines, wheelchairs and a variety of other small internal combustion engines...
)
Straight (inline) four
- 1905-1914 Cadillac four (acquired as part of the founding of GM)
- 1905-1923 Oldsmobile four (acquired as part of the founding of GM)
- 1906-1918 Buick four (acquired as part of the founding of GM)
- 1922-24 Buick four 170 cubic inches
- 1906-1916 Oakland four (acquired as part of the founding of GM)
- 1913-1928 Chevrolet fourChevrolet Straight-4 engineThe Chevrolet Inline-4 engine one of Chevrolet's first automobile engines was designed by Arthur Mason and introduced in 1913. Exposed pushrods actuated valves in the detachable crossflow cylinder head. Chevrolet referred to its overhead-valve engine as a "valve-in-head" design. This drew...
(acquired as part of ChevroletChevroletChevrolet , also known as Chevy , is a brand of vehicle produced by General Motors Company . Founded by Louis Chevrolet and ousted GM founder William C. Durant on November 3, 1911, General Motors acquired Chevrolet in 1918...
's takeover of, and merger into, GM) - 1923 Chevrolet Copper-Cooled four
- 1937-1965 Opel four first use in Opel OlympiaOpel OlympiaThe Opel Olympia is a small family car produced by the German automaker Opel from 1935 to 1940, from 1947 to 1953 and again from 1967 to 1970.The 1935 Olympia was Germany's first mass-produced car with an all-steel unitized body . This revolutionary technology reduced the weight of the car by 180...
- 1960-1963 Pontiac Indy Four (derived from the Pontiac V8)
- 1961-1970 Chevrolet 153Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engineThe 153-cubic-inch 153 was a straight-4 engine which was designed for use in the entry-level Chevy II/Nova. Usage of the 153 lasted until 1970 when the inline six was made the base powerplant with the Chevy II/Nova...
(derived from the Chevrolet six) - 1962-1993 Opel OHV fourOpel OHV engineThe Opel OHV family is a pushrod straight-4 engine. It was developed by Opel of Germany and released in 1962. Versions were in use through 1993.-1.0:...
(as used in small Opels like the KadettOpel KadettThe Opel Kadett is a small family car produced by the German automobile manufacturer Opel between 1937 and 1940, and then again from 1962 until 1991 , when it was replaced by the Opel Astra.-Original model :...
) - 1965-1994 Opel CIH engine (used in larger Opels like the Opel RekordOpel RekordThe Opel Rekord was a large family car/executive car which was built in several generations by the German car manufacturer Opel.-Naming:The Rekord name evolved into the main name of the model; at first the name was used in close relationship with the Opel Olympia name, which pre-dated the Rekord...
) - 1966-1988 Vauxhall Slant Four engineSlant FourThe Slant Four is a type of car engine manufactured by Vauxhall Motors and in modified form by Lotus Cars. Unveiled in 1966, it was one of the first production overhead camshaft designs to use a rubber toothed belt to drive the camshaft from the crankshaft , a method developed in 1956 by Bill...
(used in Vauxhall VictorVauxhall VictorThe original Victor, launched on 28 February 1957, was dubbed the F series and saw a production run totalling over 390,000 units. The car was of unitary construction and featured a large glass area with heavily curved windscreen and rear window. Following then current American styling trends, the...
) - 1970-1977 GM 2300GM 2300 engineThe 2300 is a 2.3 L/140 cu in inline-4 automobile engine produced by the Chevrolet division of General Motors for the 1971–1977 model years. The Chevrolet Vega engine was ahead of its time with its die-cast aluminum-alloy cylinder block. The high-tech block features an alloy with...
- 1976-1993 GM Iron DukeGM Iron Duke engineIron Dukes were fitted with fuel injection in 1982. This version was christened the Tech IV, though Car and Driver later ridiculed it as the low-Tech IV. Power output remained at ....
- 1976-1982 Holden four (marketed as the Starfire 4)
- 1981-2003 GM OHV fourGM 122 engineThis engine family, produced by General Motors globally, was originally designed by Opel in Germany. In OHV form, it was available in the US beginning in 1982 for the GM J platform compact cars and S-series trucks, although originally in use from the 1970s globally. It is different than the engine...
(marketed as Vortec in truck models) - 1979–present GM Family IIGM Family II engineThe Family II is a straight-4 piston engine that was originally developed by Opel in the early 1970s. It was used in the Opel Ascona and Opel Kadett and their corresponding sister models the Vauxhall Cavalier and Vauxhall Astra...
(marketed as ECOTec, D-TEC or E-TEC depending on brand) - 1981-2009 Saab HSaab H engineThe Saab H engine is a redesign of the Saab B engine. Despite the name it is not an H engine, but a slanted inline-4. The H engine was introduced in 1981 in the Saab 900 and was also used in the Saab 99 from 1982 onwards and the Saab 90. It continued in use in the 900/9-3, 9000, and 9-5...
(acquired via GM's 1990 purchase of Saab AutomobileSaab AutomobileSaab Automobile AB, better known as Saab , is a Swedish car manufacturer owned by Dutch automobile manufacturer Swedish Automobile NV, formerly Spyker Cars NV. It is the exclusive automobile Royal Warrant holder as appointed by the King of Sweden...
) - 1987-2001 GM Quad-4GM Quad-4 engineThe engine family known as the Quad 4 was debuted to the public in the spring of 1987. The Quad 4 was a DOHC inline 4-cylinder produced by General Motors' Oldsmobile division...
("Twin Cam") - 1990-2002 Saturn fourSaturn I4 engineThe powerplant used in Saturn S-series automobiles was a straight-4 aluminum piston engine produced by Saturn, a subsidiary of General Motors. The engine was only used in the Saturn S-series line of vehicles from 1991 through 2002...
(1.9L DOHC or SOHC) - 1991–present Daewoo S-TEC fourDaewoo S-TEC engineS-TEC is a low-displacement engine range codeveloped by Suzuki and Daewoo Motors for use in micro- and subcompact cars.The first model was 0.8 L Straight-3 engine, based on the powerplant of the Suzuki Alto...
(acquired via GM's 2002 purchase of Daewoo MotorGM DaewooGM Korea Company is South Korea's second largest automobile manufacturer and is a division of the General Motors Company. GM Korea's roots go back to the former Daewoo which was split from its parent company, Daewoo Group, in 2001...
) - 1996–present GM Family 1 fourGM Family 1 engineThe Family 1 is a straight-4 piston engine that was developed by GM Powertrain, a subsidiary of Opel to replace low-displacement versions of GM Family II engine for use on mid-range cars from Opel.-C16XE:...
(marketed as ECOTec, D-TEC, E-TEC or TWIN-TEC depending on brand) - 1996–present GM Family 0 fourGM Family 0 engineThe Family 0 is a family of inline piston engines that was developed by GM Powertrain Torino, a subsidiary of Opel, as a low-displacement engine for use on entry-level subcompact cars from Opel/Vauxhall....
(marketed as ECOTec) - 2003–present GM Atlas fourGM Atlas engineAtlas is a name for a family of modern inline piston engines for trucks from General Motors. The series debuted in 2002 with the Oldsmobile Bravada, and is also used in the Chevrolet TrailBlazer and Colorado and their GMC twins, the Envoy and Canyon...
(marketed as Vortec)
External (non-GM) designs
- 1978–present Toyota AToyota A engineThe A Series engines are a family of straight-4 internal combustion engines with displacement from 1.3 L to 1.8 L produced by Toyota Motor Corporation...
(used in several models built for GM by NUMMINUMMINew United Motor Manufacturing, Inc. was an automobile manufacturing plant in Fremont, California, opened in 1984 and closed in 2010. On October 27, 2010 it reopened as a 100% Tesla Motors-owned production facility, known as the Tesla Factory...
) - 1989–present Subaru EJSubaru EJ engineThe Subaru EJ engine is a series of automotive engines manufactured by Subaru and introduced in 1989, intended to succeed the previous Subaru EA engine. The EJ series is the mainstay of Subaru's engine line, with all engines of this series being 16-valve flat-4 horizontal, with configurations...
(used in the Saab 9-2XSaab 9-2XThe Saab 9-2X is a station wagon automobile that was sold by Saab only in North America as a 2005 and 2006 model year car. It was built in Japan by Fuji Heavy Industries’ Gunma Yajima Plant Ōta, Gunma....
) - 1997–present Toyota ZZToyota ZZ engineThe Toyota ZZ engine family is a straight-4 piston engine series. The ZZ series uses an aluminum engine block and aluminum DOHC 4-valve cylinder heads, a first for Toyota. The camshafts are chain-driven. The two 1.8 L members of the family, the 1ZZ and 2ZZ, use different bore and stroke...
(used in several models built for GM by NUMMINUMMINew United Motor Manufacturing, Inc. was an automobile manufacturing plant in Fremont, California, opened in 1984 and closed in 2010. On October 27, 2010 it reopened as a 100% Tesla Motors-owned production facility, known as the Tesla Factory...
) - 1976-1986 Isuzu G161 SOHC engine (used in the 1976-1986 Chevrolet Chevette)
Straight (inline) five
- 2003–present GM Atlas fiveGM Atlas engineAtlas is a name for a family of modern inline piston engines for trucks from General Motors. The series debuted in 2002 with the Oldsmobile Bravada, and is also used in the Chevrolet TrailBlazer and Colorado and their GMC twins, the Envoy and Canyon...
(marketed as Vortec)
Straight (inline) six
- 1908-1912 Oldsmobile Limited six (acquired as part of the founding of GM)
- 1913-1923 Oakland Series 60 six
- 1913-1915 Oldsmobile Series 50 six
- 1914-1916 Buick Series 50 six
- 1916-1923 Buick Series 40 six
- 1916-1927 Oldsmobile Series 30 six
- 1923-1930 Buick "removable-head" six
- 1923-1928 Oakland six
- 1926-1927 Pontiac "split-head" sixPontiac Straight-6 engineLike most American automobile manufacturers, Pontiac relied on the straight-6 design for their circa-World War II automobiles.-186:In the 1920s Oakland Motor Car engineers designed an all new engine for their "companion" make, the Pontiac, which was introduced in 1926. It was a side-valve design...
(also modified for GMC Truck models)
- 1928–1936 Chevrolet "Stovebolt" six
- 1928-1950 Oldsmobile F-Series sixOldsmobile Straight-6 engineOldsmobile produced a straight-6 automobile engine from 1937-1950. It was a conventional side-valve engine and the 230 was shared with GMC trucks for 1937 and 1938.-215:...
(also used in Marquette) - 1928–1954 Pontiac GMR six (also modified for GMC Truck models)
- 1930s-1966 Opel OHV six (as used in large Opels like the KapitänOpel KapitänThe Kapitän was the last new Opel model to appear before the outbreak of the Second World War, developed during 1938 and launched in the spring of 1939 at the Geneva motor show. The first Kapitän was available in many different body styles, the most popular one being the 4-door saloon. 2-door...
) - 1936–1962 Chevrolet Blue Flame six (also used in some GMC Truck models)
- 1939–1962 GMC Truck six
- 1948-1985 Holden sixHolden motorThe Holden straight-six motor is a straight-six engine produced by General Motors–Holden's in Australia between 1948 and 1986. Initially dubbed the Grey motor alluding to the colour of the cylinder block, later iterations came in the form of a Red, Blue, Black and the four-cylinder Starfire engine...
(see note below) - 1962–1990s Chevrolet "Generation 3" six
- 1963–1969 Pontiac Tempest six (derived from the Chevrolet "Generation 3" six)
- 1966–1993 OpelOpel Straight-6 engineOpel used the straight-6 engine configuration for many years, creating a major family of straight-6 engines for the 1970s and 1980s.-Moonlight:The Opel Moonlight roadster was the first Opel vehicle with a straight-6. It used a 1790 cc six in 1933. It was a 12-valve engine with a...
- 1999-2011 Daewoo XK six (marketed as E-TEC; acquired via GM's purchase of Daewoo Motor)
- 2001–2009 GM Atlas sixGM Atlas engineAtlas is a name for a family of modern inline piston engines for trucks from General Motors. The series debuted in 2002 with the Oldsmobile Bravada, and is also used in the Chevrolet TrailBlazer and Colorado and their GMC twins, the Envoy and Canyon...
(marketed as Vortec)
Holden
Holden
GM Holden Ltd is an automaker that operates in Australia, based in Port Melbourne, Victoria. The company was founded in 1856 as a saddlery manufacturer. In 1908 it moved into the automotive field, before becoming a subsidiary of the U.S.-based General Motors in 1931...
in Australia used straight-6 engines for a number of years in their family sedan models, with local engines ranging in size from 2.15L (132ci) in the original Holden 48-215
Holden 48-215
The Holden 48-215, also known unofficially as the Holden FX is a mid-size, six-cylinder sedan which was produced by the Australian automaker, General Motors–Holden's Ltd between November 1948 and October 1953....
of 1948, to the 3.3L (202ci) six used in the 1970s and 80s, up until 1985 with the VK Commodore
Holden VK Commodore
The Holden VK Commodore was introduced in 1984 and replaced the VH. It was the first Commodore to have plastic bumpers and introduced rear quarter windows for a six-window design as opposed to the four-window design on previous Commodore models...
. These engines were color-coded, often being referred to by the color of their engine block (grey, red, blue, black). These home-grown engines were replaced in the 1986 VL Commodore
Holden VL Commodore
The Holden VL Commodore and Calais were a range of mid-sized cars manufactured between 1986 and 1988 by the General Motors Australian arm, Holden...
to coincide with new unleaded fuel requirements in Australia. Since the old engine was considered unsuitable, and a new engine hadn't been developed, the VL Commodore sported Nissan's RB30 engine, the last straight six ever used in a Commodore.
Horizontally opposed (flat) six
- 1959-1969 Chevrolet Corvair sixChevrolet Corvair engineThe Chevrolet Corvair engine was a flat-6 piston engine used exclusively in the 1960s Chevrolet Corvair automobile. It was a highly unusual engine for General Motors: It was air-cooled, used a flat design, with aluminum heads and crankcase, with individual iron cylinder barrels...
(marketed as Turbo-Air). It was the second production engine ever to be equipped from the factory with a turbocharger,
V6
General Motors was the pioneer of V6 engines in the United States, with both the first V6 engine in an American truck (GMC models of 1960) and an American car (the Buick Special of 1961). The company later lost interest in the V6 concept, and sold the Buick design to Kaiser-Jeep in 1967. In the midst of the fuel crisis of the 1970s, GM realized that a V6 engine would be an excellent alternative to bulky inline sixStraight-6
The straight-six engine or inline-six engine is a six-cylinder internal combustion engine with all six cylinders mounted in a straight line along the crankcase...
and V8 engines, so the company bought the design back and launched what would eventually become the familiar 3800 V6
Buick V6 engine
The Buick V6, initially marketed as Fireball at its introduction in 1962, was a large V6 engine used by General Motors. The block is made of cast iron and all use two-valve-per-cylinder iron heads, actuated by pushrods....
line. From that point on, the company has continued to introduce ever more advanced designs around the world, culminating in the most recent High Feature
GM High Feature engine
The 3600 LY7 are members of General Motors' new High Feature engine family of modern DOHC V6s. This new family of engines was introduced in 2004 with the Cadillac CTS. Holden sells the HFV6 under the name Alloytec. The High Feature moniker on the Holden produced engine is reserved for the twin...
engines.
- 1960-2008 Buick V6Buick V6 engineThe Buick V6, initially marketed as Fireball at its introduction in 1962, was a large V6 engine used by General Motors. The block is made of cast iron and all use two-valve-per-cylinder iron heads, actuated by pushrods....
(originally marketed as Fireball, now commonly known as 3800) - 1960-1978 GMC V6GMC V6 engineGMC Truck produced a unique 60° V6 engine from 1960 through 1978. The engine was available in 305, 351, 401 and 478-cubic-inch versions. In late production there was also a version with enlarged crankshaft journals. GMC also made a 60° V8 with twin balance shafts using the same general layout as...
- 1977–present Chevrolet 90-Degree V6 engineChevrolet 90-Degree V6 engineThe Chevrolet 90° V6 family of engines began in 1978 with the Chevrolet 200 cid V6 as the base engine for the all new 1978 Chevrolet Malibu. This engine family is still produced today, as the 4.3 L V6 engine used in Chevrolet and GMC trucks and vans.These engines have a 90° vee block...
(derived from the Chevrolet "small-block" V8Chevrolet Small-Block engineThe Chevrolet small-block engine is a series of automobile V8 engines built by the Chevrolet Division of General Motors using the same basic small engine block...
; now GM Vortec V6) - 1979–present GM 60-Degree V6GM 60-Degree V6 engineThe General Motors 60° V6 family of engines began with the 1980 Chevrolet 2.8 L V6 and continues to be produced today . Its use in the X-body cars leads some to refer to it as the X engine.It is a 60° vee block with pushrod heads, except for a single DOHC member, the LQ1...
- 1994-2005 GM 54-Degree V6GM 54-Degree V6 engineGeneral Motors' Opel subsidiary in Europe designed a compact V6 engine with an odd 54° vee angle. It was an iron block/aluminum head DOHC design with 4 valves per cylinder. All 54° engines were assembled at Ellesmere Port in England....
- 1998-2002 GM LX5 V6
- 2003–present GM High Value V6GM High Value engineThe High Value engine family from General Motors is a group of Cam in Block or "Overhead valve" V6 engines. They use the same 60° vee bank as the 60° V6 family they are based on, but the new bore required offsetting the bores by away from the engine centerline...
- 2004–present GM High Feature V6GM High Feature engineThe 3600 LY7 are members of General Motors' new High Feature engine family of modern DOHC V6s. This new family of engines was introduced in 2004 with the Cadillac CTS. Holden sells the HFV6 under the name Alloytec. The High Feature moniker on the Holden produced engine is reserved for the twin...
External (non-GM) designs
- 1986–1988 Nissan RB sixNissan RB engineThe RB engine is a 2.0–3.0 L straight-6 four-stroke petrol/gasoline engine from Nissan produced from 1980-2004. A special limited edition the LMRB26 was also built during this time by General Motors in Australia....
(used in Holden VL CommodoreHolden VL CommodoreThe Holden VL Commodore and Calais were a range of mid-sized cars manufactured between 1986 and 1988 by the General Motors Australian arm, Holden...
) - 1995–present Suzuki H V6Suzuki H engineThe H family is a line of 60° V6 automobile engines from Suzuki. Ranging in displacement from 2.0 L to 2.7 L, the H family was a modern all-aluminum engine with dual overhead cams, 24 valves, and multi-port fuel injection. It was co-developed with Mazda, which used a similar design in...
(used in several models built for GM by Suzuki) - 1996–2008 Honda J V6Honda J engineThe J-series was Honda's second V6 engine family, introduced in 1996. It is a 60° V6 – Honda's existing C-series was a 90° engine. The J-series was designed for transverse mounting. It has a shorter bore spacing , shorter connecting rods, and a special smaller crankshaft than the C-series for...
(used in the Saturn VueSaturn VUEThe Saturn Vue is a compact crossover SUV that was sold by General Motors' Saturn marque, and at one time was Saturn's best-selling model. It was the first vehicle to use the GM Theta platform when it was introduced in 2002. A second generation model was launched in 2007 for the 2008 model as a...
)
Straight (inline) eight
- 1930-1936 Buick eightBuick Straight-8 engineThe Buick Straight-8 engine was produced from 1931 to 1953 and sold in Buick automobiles. Like many American automobile makers, Buick adopted the straight-8 engine in 1931 as a more powerful alternative to the previous inline-6 engines...
- 1932-1948 Oldsmobile eightOldsmobile Straight-8 engineOldsmobile produced a "multicylinder" straight-8 engine in the 1930s. This was the company's top engine choice from 1937 until the 1949 introduction of the Rocket V8.-257:...
- 1932-1954 Pontiac Silver Streak eightPontiac Straight-8 engineThe straight-8 was an eight-cylinder, in-line automobile engine that was used in production Pontiacs from 1933 to 1954. Introduced in the fall of 1932 for the 1933 models, it was Pontiac's most powerful engine at the time and was the least expensive eight-cylinder engine built by an American...
- 1934-1936 LaSalle eight (possibly derived from the Oldsmobile eightOldsmobile Straight-8 engineOldsmobile produced a "multicylinder" straight-8 engine in the 1930s. This was the company's top engine choice from 1937 until the 1949 introduction of the Rocket V8.-257:...
) - 1936-1953 Buick Fireball eightBuick Straight-8 engineThe Buick Straight-8 engine was produced from 1931 to 1953 and sold in Buick automobiles. Like many American automobile makers, Buick adopted the straight-8 engine in 1931 as a more powerful alternative to the previous inline-6 engines...
V8
From the 1950s through the 1970s, each GM division had its own V8 engine family. Many were shared among other divisions, but each design is most closely associated with its own division. Today, there are only two types of V8 engines still produced by GM for use in road vehicles: the Generation IV small-blockGM LS engine
The GM LS engine family is an engine design intended as the only V-8 engine used in General Motors' line of rear-wheel-drive cars and trucks. The LS series was a "clean sheet" design with little in common with the classic Chevrolet small block V8...
and Cadillac's advanced DOHC V8, the Northstar.
- 1914-1935 Cadillac Type 51 V8 (also used in LaSalle models)
- 1915-1917 Oakland Model 50 V8
- 1915-1923 Oldsmobile Model 40 V8
- 1917-1918 Chevrolet Series D V81917-1918 Chevrolet Series D V8The Chevrolet Series D V8 is an American, liquid-cooled, capacity, V8 piston automobile internal combustion engine, designed and built by Chevrolet Motor Car Company in 1917 and General Motors Company's new Chevrolet Division in 1917 and 1918. It is capable of producing 36 horsepower ...
(acquired as part of Chevrolet's takeover of, and merger into, GM) - 1929-1931 Viking V8
- 1930-1932 Oakland V8 (used in PontiacPontiacPontiac was an automobile brand that was established in 1926 as a companion make for General Motors' Oakland. Quickly overtaking its parent in popularity, it supplanted the Oakland brand entirely by 1933 and, for most of its life, became a companion make for Chevrolet. Pontiac was sold in the...
models during the final year) - 1935-1948 Cadillac Series 60 V8 (also used in LaSalle models)
- 1948-1967 Cadillac OHV V8
- 1967-1984 Cadillac "new" V8
- 1981-1995 Cadillac HT V8
- 1948-1990 Oldsmobile Rocket V8Oldsmobile V8 engineThe Oldsmobile Rocket V8 was the first post-war OHV V8 at General Motors. Production started in 1949, with a new generation introduced in 1964. Like Pontiac, Olds continued building its own V8 engine family for decades, finally adopting the corporate Chevrolet 350 small-block and Cadillac Northstar...
- 1952-1980 Buick Fireball V8Buick V8 engineLike its sister General Motors divisions, Buick produced its own family of V8 engines to replace its straight-8 engines. These engines came in many of the same displacements as those from other divisions, but were entirely different.-Buick "Nailhead V8":...
- 1954-2003 Chevrolet "small-block" V8Chevrolet Small-Block engineThe Chevrolet small-block engine is a series of automobile V8 engines built by the Chevrolet Division of General Motors using the same basic small engine block...
(originally "Turbo-Fire", now referred to as GM Generation I; see also GM Vortec engineGM Vortec engineVortec is a trademarked name for a line of piston engines for General Motors trucks. The name first appeared in 1988 on a 4.3 L V6 that used "vortex technology" to create a vortex inside the combustion chamber, creating a better air/fuel mix. Now its used on a wide range of different engines...
) - 1954-1980 Pontiac V8Pontiac V8 enginePontiac began as a adjunct to the Oakland division of the General Motors line of automobiles in 1926. Pontiac successfully competed against more expensive 4-cylinder models with their inline flathead 6 engines. After outselling Oakland, Pontiac became the sole survivor of the two by 1932. In...
(also modified for GMC Truck models) - 1958-1965 Chevrolet W V8Chevrolet Big-Block engineThe Chevrolet big block is a series of large displacement V8 engines that were developed in the USA during the 1950s and 1960s. As American automobiles grew in size and weight following the Second World War the engines powering them had to keep pace...
(also referred to as "Turbo-Thrust") - 1961-1963 GM Aluminum V8 (now better known as the Rover V8Rover V8 engineThe Rover V8 engine is a compact V8 internal combustion engine with aluminium cylinder heads and cylinder block, originally designed by General Motors and later re-designed and produced by Rover in the United Kingdom...
and also the RepcoRepcoRepco is an Australian automotive engineering company. Its name is an abbreviation of Replacement Parts Company and it is best known for spare parts and motor accessories....
V8 Formula OneFormula OneFormula One, also known as Formula 1 or F1 and referred to officially as the FIA Formula One World Championship, is the highest class of single seater auto racing sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile . The "formula" designation in the name refers to a set of rules with which...
engine) - 1966-1970s GMC Truck V8GMC V8 engineGMC generally shared engines with other General Motors divisions. But like their straight-6, GMC did have its own V8.-Pontiac:Prior to developing their own engines, GMC used the Chevrolet Straight-6 engine and Pontiac V8 engine. They used the Pontiac motor for 1955 and motor in 1956, but...
(derived from the GMC V6GMC V6 engineGMC Truck produced a unique 60° V6 engine from 1960 through 1978. The engine was available in 305, 351, 401 and 478-cubic-inch versions. In late production there was also a version with enlarged crankshaft journals. GMC also made a 60° V8 with twin balance shafts using the same general layout as...
) - 1965-2009 Chevrolet "big-block" V8 (originally "Turbo-Jet"; see also GM Vortec engineGM Vortec engineVortec is a trademarked name for a line of piston engines for General Motors trucks. The name first appeared in 1988 on a 4.3 L V6 that used "vortex technology" to create a vortex inside the combustion chamber, creating a better air/fuel mix. Now its used on a wide range of different engines...
) - 1969-2000 Holden V8Holden V8 engineThe Holden V8 is an overhead valve V8 engine which was produced by the Australian General Motors subsidiary Holden between 1969 and 2000. The engine was used initially in the Kingswood and Monaro model ranges; it was later utilised in the Torana and Commodore ranges...
- 1990-1995 Chevrolet LT5 (exclusive to the ZR-1 model of the Chevrolet CorvetteChevrolet CorvetteThe Chevrolet Corvette is a sports car by the Chevrolet division of General Motors that has been produced in six generations. The first model, a convertible, was designed by Harley Earl and introduced at the GM Motorama in 1953 as a concept show car. Myron Scott is credited for naming the car after...
) - 1991–present Northstar V8Northstar engine seriesThe Northstar engine series of automobile engines is General Motors' most technically complex 90° V engine architecture. The family is most associated with Cadillac's Northstar V8, but the family has also seen use at Oldsmobile...
(derived from the LT5; also includes AuroraOldsmobile AuroraThe Oldsmobile Aurora was a full-size sports sedan made by the Oldsmobile division of General Motors and launched in 1995. The Aurora rode on the same Cadillac-derived G platform as the 2-door Buick Riviera....
V8) - 1992-1997 GM LT V8GM LT engineThe LT6 and LT7 are not part of the LT V8 family. See Oldsmobile Diesel V6 engine.General Motors' Generation II LT is a small block V8 engine...
(also referred to as Generation II; based on the Small-Block V8) - 1997–present GM LS V8GM LS engineThe GM LS engine family is an engine design intended as the only V-8 engine used in General Motors' line of rear-wheel-drive cars and trucks. The LS series was a "clean sheet" design with little in common with the classic Chevrolet small block V8...
(referred to as Generation III or IV, depending on type; derived from LT V8; see also GM Vortec engineGM Vortec engineVortec is a trademarked name for a line of piston engines for General Motors trucks. The name first appeared in 1988 on a 4.3 L V6 that used "vortex technology" to create a vortex inside the combustion chamber, creating a better air/fuel mix. Now its used on a wide range of different engines...
) - 1996–present GM Vortec V8 (derived from Small-Block, LS, and Big-Block engines)
V12
- 1930-1937 Cadillac Twelve (derived from the Cadillac SixteenCadillac V16 engineThe Cadillac V16 engine was a type of automobile engine produced in the 1930s. Cadillac produced two of only three production, gasoline-fueled V16 engine models in history. Both were used in the Cadillac V-16 automobile, the first from 1930 until 1937, and the second between 1938 and 1940...
) - 1931-1944 Allison V-1710 (aviation engine)
- 1960s-1966 GMC Twin SixGMC V6 engineGMC Truck produced a unique 60° V6 engine from 1960 through 1978. The engine was available in 305, 351, 401 and 478-cubic-inch versions. In late production there was also a version with enlarged crankshaft journals. GMC also made a 60° V8 with twin balance shafts using the same general layout as...
(derived from the GMC V6GMC V6 engineGMC Truck produced a unique 60° V6 engine from 1960 through 1978. The engine was available in 305, 351, 401 and 478-cubic-inch versions. In late production there was also a version with enlarged crankshaft journals. GMC also made a 60° V8 with twin balance shafts using the same general layout as...
)
Several other V12 engines, designed for use in Cadillac models, have been proposed by GM over the years but have not yet managed to reach series production.
V16
- 1930-1937 Cadillac Sixteen OHV
- 1937-1940 Cadillac Sixteen L-Head
As with the V12, Cadillac has recently considered production of a modern V16 as well, but has not gotten beyond production of prototypes and one well-regarded concept vehicle
Cadillac Sixteen
The Cadillac Sixteen was a prototype of a stylish and high performance automobile first presented by Cadillac in 2003.The vehicle was equipped with a 32-valve V16 concept engine displacing 13.6 liters and was mated to a four-speed, electronically controlled, automatic transmission driving the rear...
supporting the idea.
W24
- 1937-1944 Allison V-3420Allison V-3420|-See also:-References:* Bridgman, L, Jane's fighting aircraft of World War II. Crescent. ISBN 978-0-517-67964-7-External links:...
(aviation engine; derived from the Allison V-1710)
GM designs
Detroit Diesel
As a corporation, Daimler Trucks North America has decided to rename the company "DETROIT".Detroit Diesel Corporation is an American-based diesel engine producer headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, USA...
Engine Division. The Electro Motive Division was responsible for mid- and large-displacement engines (over 150 cubic inches per cylinder) while the Detroit Diesel Division was responsible for small-displacement engines (50 through 149 cubic inches displacement). The Canadian market was served by a single company, General Motors Diesel
General Motors Diesel
General Motors Diesel was a Canadian railway diesel locomotive manufacturer.-History:General Motors Diesel, Limited, was created in 1949 as the Canadian subsidiary of the Electro Motive Division of General Motors located in the United States...
, which produced versions of the EMD and Detroit engines.
- 1920s-1939 Winton 201-A (industrial engine; acquired via GM's 1930 purchase of Winton Engine and Electro-Motive)
- 1938-1966 EMD 567EMD 567The EMD 567 is a line of diesel engines built by General Motors' Electro-Motive Division. This engine, which succeeded Winton's 201-A, was used in EMD's locomotives from 1938 until its replacement in 1966 by the EMD 645. It has a bore of , a stroke of and a displacement of 567 in³ per cylinder...
(industrial engine) - 1938-1980s GM Diesel Series 71 (now better known as a Detroit Diesel product)
- 1945-1965 GM Diesel Series 110Detroit Diesel 110The Detroit Diesel Series 110, with 110 cubic inches displacement per cylinder, was introduced in 1945 as more-powerful alternative to the existing Series 71 engines. It was used in a variety of applications, including construction equipment and power generation. The most popular use was in the...
- 1950-1955 GM Diesel Series 51
- 1957-1990s GM Diesel Series 53
- 1960s-1970s GMC Toro-Flow (derived from the GMC V6GMC V6 engineGMC Truck produced a unique 60° V6 engine from 1960 through 1978. The engine was available in 305, 351, 401 and 478-cubic-inch versions. In late production there was also a version with enlarged crankshaft journals. GMC also made a 60° V8 with twin balance shafts using the same general layout as...
) - 1960s-1980s GM Diesel Series 149 (now better known as a Detroit Diesel product)
- 1965-1980s EMD 645EMD 645The EMD 645 family of diesel engines was designed and manufactured by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors. Intended primarily for locomotive, marine and stationary engine use, one 16-cylinder version powered the 33-19 "Titan" prototype haul truck designed by GM's Terex...
(industrial engine) - 1974–present Detroit Diesel Series 92Series 92The Detroit Diesel Series 92 is a two-stroke cycle, V-block diesel engine, produced with versions ranging from four to 16 cylinders. Among these, the most popular were the 6V92 and 8V92, which were V6 and V8 configurations of the same engine respectively. The series was introduced in 1974...
- 1977-1985 Oldsmobile DieselOldsmobile Diesel V6 engineOldsmobile developed three diesel engines for the 1980s: two V8s and a 263 CID V6. It was based on the Olds 350 V8 with a bore and stroke....
- 1981-2000 Detroit Diesel V8Detroit Diesel V8 engineGeneral Motors introduced a line of Diesel V8 engine engines for their C/K pickup trucks in 1982. This engine family, designed by GM division Detroit Diesel, was produced by GM through 2000, when it was replaced by the new Duramax line...
- 1984–present EMD 710EMD 710The EMD 710 is a line of diesel engines built by Electro-Motive Diesel . The 710 series largely replaced the earlier EMD 645 series. The EMD 710 is a large two-stroke diesel engine that has a displacement per cylinder. Since its introduction, EMD has continually upgraded the 710G diesel engine...
(industrial engine) - 1980s-present Detroit Diesel Series 60Detroit Diesel 60The Detroit Diesel Series 60 is a inline-6 four-cycle Diesel engine that was first produced in 1987. It departed from most on highway engines, by being an overhead camshaft engine and having full "drive by wire" electronic control. In 1993 it became popular on many Charter buses in the US at...
- 1988–present Isuzu Circle LCircle L engineThe Circle L is an automobile engine produced by Isuzu Motors Polska in Poland. It is a Diesel straight-4 originally designed by Isuzu but now owned by General Motors. The engine is used in Europe by GM's Opel subsidiary and by Honda.-Honda:...
(marketed as ECOTec DTi; acquired via GM's 2003 takeover of DMAX) - 1996–present 2-litre DOHC (marketed as ECOTec DTi, Ecotec DI)
- 1998–present EMD 265EMD 265EMD 265, or the H-Engine, is a line of diesel engines built by Electro-Motive Diesel for use in locomotives. Unlike EMD's previous 567, 645, and 710 lines of engines, which operate under a two-stroke cycle, the H-Engine operates as a four-stroke engine. Also distinguishing it from EMD's other...
(industrial engine) - 2000–present DMAX Duramax V8Duramax V8 engineThe Duramax is General Motors diesel engine family for light- and medium-duty trucks, designed by General Motors. The 6.6 liter Duramax is produced by DMAX, a joint venture between GM and Isuzu in Moraine, Ohio. This engine was initially installed in 2001 model year Chevy and GMC trucks and has...
(acquired via GM's 2003 takeover of DMAX) - 2002–present DMAX V6DMAX V6 engineThe DMAX V6 engine is a Diesel engine. It was designed, and is produced by Isuzu in Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan but the design rights to the engine are now owned by General Motors. It uses high-pressure common-rail direct injection with a 4-valve cylinder head. A turbocharger and intercooler are...
(acquired via GM's 2003 takeover of DMAX)
External (non-GM) designs
- 1997–present Fiat JTDJTD engineJTD , an initialism for uniJet Turbo Diesel, is Fiat Group's term for its current common rail turbodiesel engine range. The MultiJet name is used in the second generation JTD common rail units. Most of the Fiat, Alfa Romeo and Lancia range has JTD engines...
(marketed as EcoTec CDTi or TiD depending on brand; used via a sharing agreement between FiatFiatFIAT, an acronym for Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino , is an Italian automobile manufacturer, engine manufacturer, financial, and industrial group based in Turin in the Italian region of Piedmont. Fiat was founded in 1899 by a group of investors including Giovanni Agnelli...
and Opel) - 2000s-present VM Motori RA 420 (marketed as EcoTec CDTi or VCDi depending on brand)
Turboshaft
- 1954–present Allison T56 or 501-D (now better known as a Rolls-RoyceRolls-Royce LimitedRolls-Royce Limited was a renowned British car and, from 1914 on, aero-engine manufacturing company founded by Charles Stewart Rolls and Henry Royce on 15 March 1906 as the result of a partnership formed in 1904....
product) - 1960s-present Allison 250 (now better known as a Rolls-Royce product)
Turbojet
- 1944-1959 Allison J33 (originally developed by General ElectricGeneral ElectricGeneral Electric Company , or GE, is an American multinational conglomerate corporation incorporated in Schenectady, New York and headquartered in Fairfield, Connecticut, United States...
and transferred to GM for production) - 1946-1955 Allison J35Allison J35|-See also:-External links:*...
(originally developed by General Electric and transferred to GM for production) - 1948-1958 Allison J71Allison J71|-External links:*...