List of MeSH codes (C10)
Encyclopedia
The following is a list of the "C" codes for MeSH
. It is a product of the United States National Library of Medicine
.
Source for content is here. (File "2006 MeSH Trees".)
--- multiple sclerosis, chronic progressive --- multiple sclerosis, relapsing-remitting --- neuromyelitis optica --- myelitis, transverse --- neuromyelitis optica --- neuromyelitis optica
--- lambert-eaton myasthenic syndrome
--- myasthenia gravis
--- myasthenia gravis, autoimmune, experimental --- myasthenia gravis, neonatal
--- polyradiculoneuropathy
--- guillain-barre syndrome
--- miller fisher syndrome --- hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies --- dysautonomia, familial --- polyradiculoneuropathy, chronic inflammatory demyelinating
--- amblyopia
--- amnesia, transient global --- auditory diseases, central --- auditory perceptual disorders --- hearing loss, central --- basal ganglia diseases --- basal ganglia cerebrovascular disease --- basal ganglia hemorrhage --- putaminal hemorrhage --- chorea gravidarum
--- dystonia musculorum deformans --- hallervorden-spatz syndrome --- hepatolenticular degeneration --- huntington disease --- meige syndrome --- multiple system atrophy
--- olivopontocerebellar atrophies --- shy-drager syndrome --- striatonigral degeneration --- neuroleptic malignant syndrome
--- parkinsonian disorders --- lewy body disease --- parkinson disease --- parkinson disease, secondary --- mptp poisoning --- parkinson disease, postencephalitic --- supranuclear palsy, progressive --- tourette syndrome
--- brain abscess
--- toxoplasmosis, cerebral --- brain damage, chronic --- brain injury, chronic --- cerebral palsy
--- persistent vegetative state
--- brain death
--- brain diseases, metabolic --- brain diseases, metabolic, inborn --- abetalipoproteinemia
--- carbamoyl-phosphate synthase i deficiency disease --- cerebral amyloid angiopathy, familial --- citrullinemia
--- galactosemias --- hartnup disease
--- hepatolenticular degeneration --- homocystinuria
--- hyperargininemia --- hyperglycinemia, nonketotic --- hyperlysinemias --- leigh disease --- lesch-nyhan syndrome
--- lysosomal storage diseases, nervous system --- fucosidosis
--- glycogen storage disease type ii
--- mucolipidoses --- sialic acid storage disease --- sphingolipidoses
--- fabry disease --- gangliosidoses --- gangliosidoses gm2 --- sandhoff disease
--- tay-sachs disease
--- tay-sachs disease, ab variant --- gangliosidosis gm1 --- sandhoff disease
--- gaucher disease --- leukodystrophy, globoid cell --- leukodystrophy, metachromatic --- niemann-pick diseases --- maple syrup urine disease
--- melas syndrome --- menkes kinky hair syndrome --- merrf syndrome
--- oculocerebrorenal syndrome
--- ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency disease --- peroxisomal disorders --- adrenoleukodystrophy
--- refsum disease --- zellweger syndrome
--- phenylketonurias --- phenylketonuria, maternal --- pyruvate carboxylase deficiency disease --- pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency disease --- tyrosinemias --- hepatic encephalopathy
--- kernicterus
--- mitochondrial encephalomyopathies --- myelinolysis, central pontine --- reye syndrome --- wernicke encephalopathy --- brain edema --- brain injuries --- brain concussion --- post-concussion syndrome
--- brain hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain stem hemorrhage, traumatic --- cerebral hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain injury, chronic --- diffuse axonal injury
--- epilepsy, post-traumatic --- pneumocephalus
--- brain neoplasms --- cerebral ventricle neoplasms --- choroid plexus neoplasms --- papilloma, choroid plexus --- infratentorial neoplasms --- brain stem neoplasms --- cerebellar neoplasms --- neurocytoma
--- pinealoma
--- supratentorial neoplasms --- hypothalamic neoplasms --- pituitary neoplasms --- cerebellar diseases --- cerebellar ataxia
--- spinocerebellar ataxias --- ataxia telangiectasia
--- machado-joseph disease
--- cerebellar neoplasms --- dandy-walker syndrome
--- miller fisher syndrome --- paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration
--- spinocerebellar degenerations --- friedreich ataxia --- myoclonic cerebellar dyssynergia --- olivopontocerebellar atrophies --- spinocerebellar ataxias --- machado-joseph disease
--- cerebrovascular disorders --- basal ganglia cerebrovascular disease --- basal ganglia hemorrhage --- putaminal hemorrhage --- brain ischemia --- vertebrobasilar insufficiency
--- subclavian steal syndrome
--- carotid artery diseases --- carotid artery thrombosis --- carotid artery injuries --- carotid artery, internal, dissection --- carotid-cavernous sinus fistula --- carotid artery, internal, dissection --- carotid stenosis --- carotid-cavernous sinus fistula --- moyamoya disease --- cerebrovascular accident --- brain infarction --- brain stem infarctions --- lateral medullary syndrome
--- cerebral infarction
--- infarction, anterior cerebral artery --- infarction, middle cerebral artery --- infarction, posterior cerebral artery --- cerebrovascular trauma --- carotid artery injuries --- carotid artery, internal, dissection --- carotid-cavernous sinus fistula --- vertebral artery dissection
--- dementia, vascular --- cadasil
--- dementia, multi-infarct --- hypoxia-ischemia, brain --- brain ischemia --- ischemic attack, transient --- hypoxia, brain --- intracranial arterial diseases --- cerebral arterial diseases --- cadasil
--- cerebral amyloid angiopathy --- cerebral amyloid angiopathy, familial --- infarction, anterior cerebral artery --- infarction, middle cerebral artery --- infarction, posterior cerebral artery --- intracranial aneurysm --- intracranial arteriosclerosis --- dementia, vascular --- intracranial arteriovenous malformations --- intracranial arteriovenous malformations --- intracranial embolism and thrombosis --- intracranial embolism --- intracranial thrombosis --- sinus thrombosis, intracranial --- cavernous sinus thrombosis
--- lateral sinus thrombosis --- sagittal sinus thrombosis --- intracranial hemorrhages --- cerebral hemorrhage --- basal ganglia hemorrhage --- putaminal hemorrhage --- cerebral hemorrhage, traumatic --- intracranial hemorrhage, hypertensive --- intracranial hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain stem hemorrhage, traumatic --- cerebral hemorrhage, traumatic --- hematoma, epidural, cranial --- hematoma, subdural --- hematoma, subdural, acute --- hematoma, subdural, chronic --- hematoma, subdural, intracranial --- subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic --- pituitary apoplexy
--- subarachnoid hemorrhage
--- subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic --- leukomalacia, periventricular --- sneddon syndrome
--- vascular headaches --- vasculitis, central nervous system --- aids arteritis, central nervous system --- lupus vasculitis, central nervous system --- temporal arteritis
--- vasospasm, intracranial --- vertebral artery dissection
--- dementia
--- aids dementia complex
--- alzheimer disease --- aphasia, primary progressive --- creutzfeldt-jakob syndrome --- dementia, vascular --- dementia, multi-infarct --- huntington disease --- Klüver-Bucy syndrome
--- lewy body disease --- pick disease of the brain --- diffuse cerebral sclerosis of schilder --- encephalitis
--- encephalomyelitis
--- limbic encephalitis
--- meningoencephalitis
--- lupus vasculitis, central nervous system --- encephalomalacia --- leukomalacia, periventricular --- epilepsy
--- epilepsies, myoclonic --- myoclonic epilepsy, juvenile --- myoclonic epilepsies, progressive --- lafora disease
--- merrf syndrome
--- unverricht-lundborg syndrome --- epilepsies, partial --- epilepsy, complex partial --- epilepsy, frontal lobe --- epilepsy, partial, motor --- epilepsy, partial, sensory --- epilepsy, rolandic --- epilepsy, temporal lobe --- epilepsy, benign neonatal --- epilepsy, generalized --- epilepsy, absence --- epilepsy, tonic-clonic --- spasms, infantile --- epilepsy, post-traumatic --- epilepsy, reflex --- landau-kleffner syndrome
--- seizures --- seizures, febrile --- status epilepticus
--- epilepsia partialis continua
--- headache disorders --- headache disorders, primary --- migraine disorders --- migraine with aura --- migraine without aura --- tension-type headache --- trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias --- cluster headache
--- paroxysmal hemicrania --- sunct syndrome --- headache disorders, secondary --- post-dural puncture headache --- post-traumatic headache --- vascular headaches --- hydrocephalus
--- dandy-walker syndrome
--- hydrocephalus, normal pressure --- hypothalamic diseases --- bardet-biedl syndrome
--- hypothalamic neoplasms --- pituitary neoplasms --- laurence-moon syndrome
--- pituitary diseases --- empty sella syndrome
--- hyperpituitarism
--- acromegaly
--- hyperprolactinemia --- pituitary acth hypersecretion
--- hypopituitarism
--- dwarfism, pituitary --- inappropriate adh syndrome --- pituitary apoplexy
--- pituitary neoplasms --- acth-secreting pituitary adenoma --- nelson syndrome --- growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma --- prolactinoma
--- intracranial hypertension --- hydrocephalus
--- dandy-walker syndrome
--- hypertensive encephalopathy
--- pseudotumor cerebri --- intracranial hypotension --- kluver-Bucy syndrome
--- neuroaxonal dystrophies --- hallervorden-spatz syndrome --- subdural effusion
--- thalamic diseases
--- toxoplasmosis, cerebral --- central nervous system bacterial infections --- brain abscess
--- empyema, subdural --- epidural abscess --- lyme neuroborreliosis --- meningitis, bacterial --- meningitis, escherichia coli --- meningitis, haemophilus --- meningitis, listeria --- meningitis, meningococcal --- waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome
--- meningitis, pneumococcal --- tuberculosis, meningeal --- neurosyphilis
--- tabes dorsalis
--- tuberculosis, central nervous system --- tuberculoma, intracranial --- tuberculosis, meningeal --- central nervous system fungal infections --- meningitis, fungal --- meningitis, cryptococcal --- neuroaspergillosis --- central nervous system parasitic infections --- central nervous system helminthiasis --- neurocysticercosis --- neuroschistosomiasis --- central nervous system protozoal infections --- malaria, cerebral --- toxoplasmosis, cerebral --- toxoplasmosis, congenital --- central nervous system viral diseases --- encephalitis
--- encephalitis, viral --- encephalitis, arbovirus --- encephalitis, california --- encephalitis, japanese --- encephalitis, st. louis --- encephalitis, tick-borne --- west nile fever --- encephalitis, herpes simplex --- encephalitis, varicella zoster --- encephalomyelitis, equine --- encephalomyelitis, eastern equine --- encephalomyelitis, venezuelan equine --- encephalomyelitis, western equine --- leukoencephalopathy, progressive multifocal --- subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
--- meningitis, viral --- lymphocytic choriomeningitis
--- meningitis, aseptic --- myelitis
--- paraparesis, tropical spastic --- poliomyelitis
--- poliomyelitis
--- poliomyelitis, bulbar --- postpoliomyelitis syndrome --- pseudorabies
--- empyema, subdural --- encephalitis
--- encephalitis, viral --- encephalitis, arbovirus --- encephalitis, california --- encephalitis, japanese --- encephalitis, st. louis --- encephalitis, tick-borne --- west nile fever --- encephalitis, herpes simplex --- encephalitis, varicella zoster --- encephalomyelitis, equine --- encephalomyelitis, eastern equine --- encephalomyelitis, venezuelan equine --- encephalomyelitis, western equine --- leukoencephalopathy, progressive multifocal --- subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
--- meningoencephalitis
--- lupus vasculitis, central nervous system --- leukoencephalitis, acute hemorrhagic --- limbic encephalitis
--- encephalomyelitis
--- encephalomyelitis, equine --- encephalomyelitis, eastern equine --- encephalomyelitis, venezuelan equine --- encephalomyelitis, western equine --- epidural abscess --- meningitis
--- arachnoiditis
--- meningitis, aseptic --- meningitis, bacterial --- meningitis, escherichia coli --- meningitis, haemophilus --- meningitis, listeria --- meningitis, meningococcal --- waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome
--- meningitis, pneumococcal --- tuberculosis, meningeal --- meningitis, fungal --- meningitis, cryptococcal --- meningitis, viral --- lymphocytic choriomeningitis
--- meningitis, aseptic --- meningoencephalitis
--- lupus vasculitis, central nervous system --- meningoencephalitis
--- lupus vasculitis, central nervous system --- uveomeningoencephalitic syndrome --- myelitis
--- paraparesis, tropical spastic --- poliomyelitis
--- perimeningeal infections --- empyema, subdural --- epidural abscess --- subdural effusion
--- prion diseases --- creutzfeldt-jakob syndrome --- encephalopathy, bovine spongiform --- gerstmann-straussler-scheinker disease --- insomnia, fatal familial --- kuru --- scrapie
--- wasting disease, chronic
--- encephalomyelitis
--- encephalomyelitis, equine --- encephalomyelitis, eastern equine --- encephalomyelitis, venezuelan equine --- encephalomyelitis, western equine --- fatigue syndrome, chronic --- leukoencephalitis, acute hemorrhagic
--- meningitis
--- meningoencephalitis
--- lupus vasculitis, central nervous system
--- choreatic disorders --- chorea gravidarum
--- huntington disease --- dystonic disorders --- dystonia musculorum deformans --- meige syndrome --- torticollis
--- essential tremor
--- hallervorden-spatz syndrome --- hepatolenticular degeneration --- multiple system atrophy
--- olivopontocerebellar atrophies --- shy-drager syndrome --- striatonigral degeneration --- parkinsonian disorders --- lewy body disease --- parkinson disease --- parkinson disease, secondary --- mptp poisoning --- parkinson disease, postencephalitic --- supranuclear palsy, progressive --- Tic disorder
s --- Tourette syndrome
--- epidural abscess --- muscular atrophy, spinal --- spinal muscular atrophies of childhood
--- myelitis
--- myelitis, transverse --- paraparesis, tropical spastic --- poliomyelitis
--- poliomyelitis
--- postpoliomyelitis syndrome --- spinal cord compression
--- spinal cord neoplasms --- epidural neoplasms --- spinal cord injuries --- central cord syndrome
--- spinal cord vascular diseases --- anterior spinal artery syndrome
--- spinal cord ischemia --- anterior spinal artery syndrome
--- spinocerebellar degenerations --- friedreich ataxia --- myoclonic cerebellar dyssynergia --- olivopontocerebellar atrophies --- spinocerebellar ataxias --- machado-joseph disease
--- stiff-person syndrome --- syringomyelia
--- tabes dorsalis
--- mobius syndrome
--- esotropia
--- exotropia
--- tolosa-hunt syndrome
--- optic disk drusen --- optic nerve injuries --- optic nerve neoplasms --- optic nerve glioma
--- optic neuritis
--- neuromyelitis optica --- optic neuropathy, ischemic --- papilledema
--- multiple sclerosis, chronic progressive --- multiple sclerosis, relapsing-remitting --- neuromyelitis optica --- myelitis, transverse --- neuromyelitis optica --- neuromyelitis optica
--- alexander disease
--- canavan disease
--- leukodystrophy, globoid cell --- leukodystrophy, metachromatic --- pelizaeus-merzbacher disease
--- polyradiculoneuropathy
--- polyradiculoneuropathy, chronic inflammatory demyelinating --- guillain-barre syndrome
--- miller fisher syndrome --- hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies --- dysautonomia, familial
--- refsum disease --- spastic paraplegia, hereditary
--- neural tube defects
--- anencephaly
--- arnold-chiari malformation
--- encephalocele
--- meningocele --- meningomyelocele --- spinal dysraphism --- spina bifida cystica --- spina bifida occulta
--- pinealoma
--- supratentorial neoplasms --- hypothalamic neoplasms --- pituitary neoplasms --- central nervous system cysts --- arachnoid cysts --- meningeal neoplasms --- meningioma
--- spinal cord neoplasms --- epidural neoplasms
--- neurofibroma, plexiform --- neurofibrosarcoma
--- neurofibromatosis
--- neurofibromatosis 1 --- neurofibromatosis 2
--- amyloid neuropathies, familial --- canavan disease
--- cockayne syndrome
--- dystonia musculorum deformans --- gerstmann-straussler-scheinker disease --- hallervorden-spatz syndrome --- hepatolenticular degeneration --- hereditary central nervous system demyelinating diseases --- hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies --- charcot-marie-tooth disease
--- refsum disease --- spastic paraplegia, hereditary --- hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies --- dysautonomia, familial --- huntington disease --- lafora disease
--- lesch-nyhan syndrome
--- menkes kinky hair syndrome --- myotonia congenita
--- myotonic dystrophy
--- neurofibromatosis
--- neurofibromatosis 1 --- neurofibromatosis 2 --- neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis --- optic atrophies, hereditary --- optic atrophy, hereditary, leber --- optic atrophy, autosomal dominant --- wolfram syndrome
--- rett syndrome
--- spinal muscular atrophies of childhood
--- spinocerebellar degenerations --- friedreich ataxia --- myoclonic cerebellar dyssynergia --- olivopontocerebellar atrophies --- spinocerebellar ataxias --- machado-joseph disease
--- tourette syndrome
--- tuberous sclerosis
--- unverricht-lundborg syndrome
--- bulbar palsy, progressive --- muscular atrophy, spinal --- spinal muscular atrophies of childhood
--- multiple system atrophy
--- olivopontocerebellar atrophies --- shy-drager syndrome --- striatonigral degeneration
--- limbic encephalitis
--- myelitis, transverse --- paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration
--- paraneoplastic polyneuropathy
--- wasting disease, chronic
--- cerebellar ataxia
--- spinocerebellar ataxias --- ataxia telangiectasia
--- machado-joseph disease
--- gait ataxia --- athetosis
--- catalepsy
--- chorea --- dystonia
--- torticollis
--- hyperkinesis
--- hypokinesia
--- myoclonus
--- psychomotor agitation
--- synkinesis
--- tics --- tremor
--- communication disorders --- language disorders --- agraphia --- anomia --- dyslexia
--- dyslexia, acquired --- alexia, pure --- language development disorders --- speech disorders --- aphasia
--- aphasia, broca --- aphasia, conduction --- aphasia, primary progressive --- aphasia, wernicke --- articulation disorders --- dysarthria
--- echolalia
--- mutism --- stuttering
--- learning disorders --- dyslexia
--- dyslexia, acquired --- confusion
--- delirium
--- consciousness disorders --- unconsciousness
--- coma
--- brain death
--- coma, post-head injury --- insulin coma --- persistent vegetative state
--- syncope
--- syncope, vasovagal --- memory disorders --- amnesia
--- amnesia, anterograde --- amnesia, retrograde --- amnesia, transient global --- korsakoff syndrome --- mental retardation
--- cri-du-chat syndrome --- de lange syndrome --- down syndrome
--- mental retardation, x-linked --- adrenoleukodystrophy
--- coffin-lowry syndrome
--- fragile x syndrome
--- glycogen storage disease type iib --- lesch-nyhan syndrome
--- menkes kinky hair syndrome --- mucopolysaccharidosis ii --- pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency disease --- rett syndrome
--- prader-willi syndrome
--- rubinstein-taybi syndrome
--- wagr syndrome
--- williams syndrome
--- perceptual disorders --- agnosia
--- gerstmann syndrome
--- prosopagnosia
--- auditory perceptual disorders --- hallucinations --- illusions --- phantom limb
--- psychomotor disorders
--- apraxias --- apraxia, ideomotor --- gait apraxia --- psychomotor agitation
--- muscle cramp --- muscle hypertonia --- muscle rigidity --- muscle spasticity --- muscle hypotonia --- muscle weakness
--- muscular atrophy --- myokymia
--- myotonia
--- spasm
--- hemifacial spasm
--- trismus
--- tetany
--- pain
--- back pain
--- low back pain
--- facial pain --- headache
--- labor pain --- metatarsalgia
--- neck pain
--- neuralgia
--- neuralgia, postherpetic --- sciatica
--- pain, intractable
--- paralysis
--- facial paralysis --- hemiplegia
--- ophthalmoplegia --- ophthalmoplegia, chronic progressive external --- supranuclear palsy, progressive --- paraplegia
--- brown-sequard syndrome
--- pseudobulbar palsy
--- quadriplegia
--- respiratory paralysis --- vocal cord paralysis
--- paresis
--- paraparesis --- paraparesis, spastic
--- miosis
--- horner syndrome --- tonic pupil
--- hearing disorders --- hearing loss --- deafness --- hearing loss, bilateral --- hearing loss, conductive --- hearing loss, functional --- hearing loss, high-frequency --- hearing loss, mixed conductive-sensorineural --- hearing loss, sensorineural --- hearing loss, central --- hearing loss, noise-induced --- presbycusis
--- usher syndromes --- hearing loss, sudden --- hearing loss, unilateral --- hyperacusis
--- tinnitus
--- olfaction disorders --- somatosensory disorders --- hyperalgesia
--- hyperesthesia
--- hypesthesia --- paresthesia
--- taste disorders --- ageusia
--- dysgeusia
--- vision disorders --- amblyopia
--- blindness
--- amaurosis fugax
--- blindness, cortical --- color vision defects --- diplopia
--- hemianopsia
--- photophobia
--- scotoma
--- vision, low
--- hoarseness
--- bulbar palsy, progressive --- muscular atrophy, spinal --- spinal muscular atrophies of childhood
--- poliomyelitis
--- postpoliomyelitis syndrome
--- postpoliomyelitis syndrome --- eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome
--- fibromyalgia
--- mitochondrial myopathies --- mitochondrial encephalomyopathies --- melas syndrome --- merrf syndrome
--- ophthalmoplegia, chronic progressive external --- kearns-sayer syndrome --- myopathies, structural, congenital --- myopathies, nemaline --- myopathy, central core --- myositis
--- dermatomyositis
--- myositis, inclusion body --- polymyositis
--- dermatomyositis
--- myotonic disorders --- myotonia congenita
--- myotonic dystrophy
--- paralyses, familial periodic --- hypokalemic periodic paralysis
--- paralysis, hyperkalemic periodic
--- lambert-eaton myasthenic syndrome
--- myasthenia gravis
--- myasthenia gravis, autoimmune, experimental --- myasthenia gravis, neonatal --- myasthenic syndromes, congenital
--- miller fisher syndrome --- isaacs syndrome --- mononeuropathies --- femoral neuropathy --- median neuropathy --- carpal tunnel syndrome
--- peroneal neuropathies --- radial neuropathy --- sciatic neuropathy --- sciatica
--- tibial neuropathy --- tarsal tunnel syndrome
--- ulnar neuropathies --- cubital tunnel syndrome --- ulnar nerve compression syndromes --- nerve compression syndromes --- carpal tunnel syndrome
--- tarsal tunnel syndrome
--- thoracic outlet syndrome
--- cervical rib syndrome --- ulnar nerve compression syndromes --- cubital tunnel syndrome --- neuralgia
--- causalgia --- neuralgia, postherpetic --- sciatica
--- neuritis --- brachial plexus neuritis --- neuritis, autoimmune, experimental --- neurofibromatosis 1 --- pain insensitivity, congenital --- peripheral nervous system neoplasms --- nerve sheath neoplasms --- neurilemmoma --- neurofibroma
--- neurofibroma, plexiform --- neurofibrosarcoma --- polyneuropathies --- alcoholic neuropathy --- hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies --- charcot-marie-tooth disease
--- refsum disease --- spastic paraplegia, hereditary --- hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies --- dysautonomia, familial --- paraneoplastic polyneuropathy --- poems syndrome
--- polyradiculoneuropathy
--- guillain-barre syndrome
--- miller fisher syndrome --- hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies --- dysautonomia, familial --- polyradiculoneuropathy, chronic inflammatory demyelinating --- polyradiculopathy --- radiculopathy
--- tangier disease
--- lead poisoning, nervous system --- lead poisoning, nervous system, adult --- lead poisoning, nervous system, childhood --- manganese poisoning --- mercury poisoning, nervous system --- acrodynia
--- neuroleptic malignant syndrome
--- sleep disorders, circadian rhythm --- jet lag syndrome --- sleep disorders, intrinsic --- disorders of excessive somnolence --- hypersomnolence, idiopathic --- kleine-levin syndrome
--- narcolepsy
--- cataplexy
--- nocturnal myoclonus syndrome --- restless legs syndrome
--- sleep apnea syndromes --- sleep apnea, central --- sleep apnea, obstructive --- obesity hypoventilation syndrome --- sleep initiation and maintenance disorders --- insomnia, fatal familial
--- restless legs syndrome
--- sleep arousal disorders --- night terrors --- somnambulism --- sleep bruxism --- sleep-wake transition disorders
--- brain hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain stem hemorrhage, traumatic --- cerebral hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain injury, chronic --- diffuse axonal injury
--- epilepsy, post-traumatic --- pneumocephalus
--- shaken baby syndrome
--- cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea --- cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea --- coma, post-head injury --- cranial nerve injuries --- abducens nerve injury --- facial nerve injuries --- optic nerve injuries --- head injuries, closed --- brain concussion --- post-concussion syndrome
--- head injuries, penetrating --- intracranial hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain stem hemorrhage, traumatic --- cerebral hemorrhage, traumatic --- hematoma, epidural, cranial --- hematoma, subdural --- hematoma, subdural, acute --- hematoma, subdural, chronic --- hematoma, subdural, intracranial --- subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic --- skull fractures --- skull fracture, basilar --- skull fracture, depressed
--- central cord syndrome
Mesh
Mesh consists of semi-permeable barrier made of connected strands of metal, fiber, or other flexible/ductile material. Mesh is similar to web or net in that it has many attached or woven strands.-Types of mesh:...
. It is a product of the United States National Library of Medicine
United States National Library of Medicine
The United States National Library of Medicine , operated by the United States federal government, is the world's largest medical library. Located in Bethesda, Maryland, the NLM is a division of the National Institutes of Health...
.
Source for content is here. (File "2006 MeSH Trees".)
--- autoimmune diseases of the nervous system
--- demyelinating autoimmune diseases, cns
--- diffuse cerebral sclerosis of schilder --- encephalomyelitis, acute disseminated --- leukoencephalitis, acute hemorrhagic --- multiple sclerosisMultiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disease in which the fatty myelin sheaths around the axons of the brain and spinal cord are damaged, leading to demyelination and scarring as well as a broad spectrum of signs and symptoms...
--- multiple sclerosis, chronic progressive --- multiple sclerosis, relapsing-remitting --- neuromyelitis optica --- myelitis, transverse --- neuromyelitis optica --- neuromyelitis optica
--- lambert-eaton myasthenic syndromeLambert-Eaton myasthenic syndromeLambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome is a rare autoimmune disorder that is characterised by muscle weakness of the limbs...
--- leukoencephalitis, acute hemorrhagic
--- myasthenia gravisMyasthenia gravisMyasthenia gravis is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease leading to fluctuating muscle weakness and fatiguability...
--- myasthenia gravis, autoimmune, experimental --- myasthenia gravis, neonatal--- nervous system autoimmune disease, experimental
--- encephalomyelitis, autoimmune, experimental --- myasthenia gravis, autoimmune, experimental --- neuritis, autoimmune, experimental --- polyradiculoneuropathyPolyradiculoneuropathyPolyradiculoneuropathy describes a condition in which polyneuropathy and polyradiculopathy occur together. An example is Guillain-Barré syndrome....
--- guillain-barre syndromeGuillain-Barré syndrome
Guillain–Barré syndrome , sometimes called Landry's paralysis, is an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy , a disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system. Ascending paralysis, weakness beginning in the feet and hands and migrating towards the trunk, is the most typical symptom...
--- miller fisher syndrome --- hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies --- dysautonomia, familial --- polyradiculoneuropathy, chronic inflammatory demyelinating
--- uveomeningoencephalitic syndrome
--- vasculitis, central nervous system
--- aids arteritis, central nervous system --- lupus vasculitis, central nervous system --- temporal arteritisTemporal arteritis
Giant-cell arteritis or Horton disease is an inflammatory disease of blood vessels most commonly involving large and medium arteries of the head...
--- autonomic nervous system diseases
--- complex regional pain syndromes
--- causalgia --- reflex sympathetic dystrophy--- brain diseases
--- akinetic mutismAkinetic mutism
Akinetic mutism is a medical term describing patients who tend neither to speak nor move . It is the result of severe frontal lobe injury in which the pattern of inhibitory control is one of increasing passivity and gradually decreasing speech and motion.An example of a cause of this disorder...
--- amblyopia
Amblyopia
Amblyopia, also known as lazy eye, is a disorder of the visual system that is characterized by a vision deficiency in an eye that is otherwise physically normal, or out of proportion to associated structural abnormalities of the eye...
--- amnesia, transient global --- auditory diseases, central --- auditory perceptual disorders --- hearing loss, central --- basal ganglia diseases --- basal ganglia cerebrovascular disease --- basal ganglia hemorrhage --- putaminal hemorrhage --- chorea gravidarum
Chorea gravidarum
Chorea gravidarum is a rare type of chorea which presents with involuntary abnormal movement, characterized by abrupt, brief, nonrhythmic, nonrepetitive movement of any limb, often associated with nonpatterned facial grimaces. It is a complication of pregnancy which can be associated with eclampsia...
--- dystonia musculorum deformans --- hallervorden-spatz syndrome --- hepatolenticular degeneration --- huntington disease --- meige syndrome --- multiple system atrophy
Multiple system atrophy
Multiple system atrophy is a degenerative neurological disorder. MSA is associated with the degeneration of nerve cells in specific areas of the brain. This cell degeneration causes problems with movement, balance and other autonomic functions of the body such as bladder control or blood pressure...
--- olivopontocerebellar atrophies --- shy-drager syndrome --- striatonigral degeneration --- neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a life- threatening neurological disorder most often caused by an adverse reaction to neuroleptic or antipsychotic drugs...
--- parkinsonian disorders --- lewy body disease --- parkinson disease --- parkinson disease, secondary --- mptp poisoning --- parkinson disease, postencephalitic --- supranuclear palsy, progressive --- tourette syndrome
Tourette syndrome
Tourette syndrome is an inherited neuropsychiatric disorder with onset in childhood, characterized by multiple physical tics and at least one vocal tic; these tics characteristically wax and wane...
--- brain abscess
Brain abscess
Brain abscess is an abscess caused by inflammation and collection of infected material, coming from local or remote infectious sources, within the brain tissue...
--- toxoplasmosis, cerebral --- brain damage, chronic --- brain injury, chronic --- cerebral palsy
Cerebral palsy
Cerebral palsy is an umbrella term encompassing a group of non-progressive, non-contagious motor conditions that cause physical disability in human development, chiefly in the various areas of body movement....
--- persistent vegetative state
Persistent vegetative state
A persistent vegetative state is a disorder of consciousness in which patients with severe brain damage are in a state of partial arousal rather than true awareness. It is a diagnosis of some uncertainty in that it deals with a syndrome. After four weeks in a vegetative state , the patient is...
--- brain death
Brain death
Brain death is the irreversible end of all brain activity due to total necrosis of the cerebral neurons following loss of brain oxygenation. It should not be confused with a persistent vegetative state...
--- brain diseases, metabolic --- brain diseases, metabolic, inborn --- abetalipoproteinemia
Abetalipoproteinemia
Abetalipoproteinemia, or Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome, is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that interferes with the normal absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins from food. It is caused by a deficiency of apolipoprotein B-48 and B-100, which are used in the synthesis and exportation of...
--- carbamoyl-phosphate synthase i deficiency disease --- cerebral amyloid angiopathy, familial --- citrullinemia
Citrullinemia
Citrullinemia, also called citrullinuria, is an autosomal recessive urea cycle disorder that causes ammonia and other toxic substances to accumulate in the blood....
--- galactosemias --- hartnup disease
Hartnup disease
Hartnup disease is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder affecting the absorption of nonpolar amino acids...
--- hepatolenticular degeneration --- homocystinuria
Homocystinuria
Homocystinuria, also known as cystathionine beta synthase deficiency or CBS deficiency, is an inherited disorder of the metabolism of the amino acid methionine, often involving cystathionine beta synthase...
--- hyperargininemia --- hyperglycinemia, nonketotic --- hyperlysinemias --- leigh disease --- lesch-nyhan syndrome
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
Lesch–Nyhan syndrome , also known as Nyhan's syndrome, Kelley-Seegmiller syndrome and Juvenile gout, is a rare inherited disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase , produced by mutations in the HPRT gene located on X chromosome. LNS affects about...
--- lysosomal storage diseases, nervous system --- fucosidosis
Fucosidosis
Fucosidosis, also called alpha-l-fucosidase deficiency, is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease in which the enzyme fucosidase is not properly used in the cells to break down fucose. This enzyme normally cleaves long sugar chains known as oligosaccharides in the lysosome...
--- glycogen storage disease type ii
Glycogen storage disease type II
Glycogen storage disease type II is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder which damages muscle and nerve cells throughout the body. It is caused by an accumulation of glycogen in the lysosome due to deficiency of the lysosomal acid alpha-glucosidase enzyme...
--- mucolipidoses --- sialic acid storage disease --- sphingolipidoses
Sphingolipidoses
-Accumulated products:* Gangliosides: Gangliosidosis** GM1 gangliosidoses** GM2 gangliosidoses*** Tay-Sachs disease*** Sandhoff disease* Glycolipids** Fabry's disease** Krabbe disease** Metachromatic leukodystrophy*Glucocerebrosides**Gaucher's disease...
--- fabry disease --- gangliosidoses --- gangliosidoses gm2 --- sandhoff disease
Sandhoff disease
Sandhoff disease, also known as Sandhoff-Jatzkewitz disease, variant 0 of GM2-Gangliosidosis or Hexosaminidase A and B deficiency, is a lysosomal genetic, lipid storage disorder caused by the inherited deficiency to create functional beta-hexosaminidases A and B...
--- tay-sachs disease
Tay-Sachs disease
Tay–Sachs disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder...
--- tay-sachs disease, ab variant --- gangliosidosis gm1 --- sandhoff disease
Sandhoff disease
Sandhoff disease, also known as Sandhoff-Jatzkewitz disease, variant 0 of GM2-Gangliosidosis or Hexosaminidase A and B deficiency, is a lysosomal genetic, lipid storage disorder caused by the inherited deficiency to create functional beta-hexosaminidases A and B...
--- gaucher disease --- leukodystrophy, globoid cell --- leukodystrophy, metachromatic --- niemann-pick diseases --- maple syrup urine disease
Maple syrup urine disease
Maple syrup urine disease , also called branched-chain ketoaciduria, is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder affecting branched-chain amino acids. It is one type of organic acidemia...
--- melas syndrome --- menkes kinky hair syndrome --- merrf syndrome
MERRF syndrome
MERRF syndrome is a mitochondrial disease. It is extremely rare, with an estimated prevalence of 1/400,000 in Europe, and has varying degrees of expressivity owing to heteroplasmy-Presentation:...
--- oculocerebrorenal syndrome
Oculocerebrorenal syndrome
Oculocerebrorenal syndrome is a X-linked recessive disorder characterized by hydrophthalmia, cataracts, intellectual disabilities, aminoaciduria, reduced renal ammonia production and vitamin D-resistant rickets....
--- ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency disease --- peroxisomal disorders --- adrenoleukodystrophy
Adrenoleukodystrophy
Adrenoleukodystrophy is a rare, inherited disorder that leads to progressive brain damage, failure of the adrenal glands and eventually death. ALD is a disease in a group of genetic disorders called leukodystrophies, whose chief feature is damage to myelin...
--- refsum disease --- zellweger syndrome
Zellweger syndrome
Zellweger syndrome, also called cerebrohepatorenal syndrome is a rare, congenital disorder, characterized by the reduction or absence of functional peroxisomes in the cells of an individual. It is one of a family of disorders called leukodystrophies...
--- phenylketonurias --- phenylketonuria, maternal --- pyruvate carboxylase deficiency disease --- pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency disease --- tyrosinemias --- hepatic encephalopathy
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hepatic encephalopathy is the occurrence of confusion, altered level of consciousness and coma as a result of liver failure. In the advanced stages it is called hepatic coma or coma hepaticum...
--- kernicterus
Kernicterus
Kernicterus is damage to the brain centers of infants caused by increased levels of unconjugated bilirubin. This may be due to several underlying pathologic processes. Newborn babies are often polycythemic. When they break down the erythrocytes, one of the byproducts is bilirubin, which circulates...
--- mitochondrial encephalomyopathies --- myelinolysis, central pontine --- reye syndrome --- wernicke encephalopathy --- brain edema --- brain injuries --- brain concussion --- post-concussion syndrome
Post-concussion syndrome
Post-concussion syndrome, also known as postconcussive syndrome or PCS, and historically called shell shock, is a set of symptoms that a person may experience for weeks, months, or occasionally up to a year or more after a concussion – a mild form of traumatic brain injury . PCS may also...
--- brain hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain stem hemorrhage, traumatic --- cerebral hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain injury, chronic --- diffuse axonal injury
Diffuse axonal injury
Diffuse axonal injury is one of the most common and devastating types of traumatic brain injury, meaning that damage occurs over a more widespread area than in focal brain injury. DAI, which refers to extensive lesions in white matter tracts, is one of the major causes of unconsciousness and...
--- epilepsy, post-traumatic --- pneumocephalus
Pneumocephalus
Pneumocephalus is the presence of air or gas within the cranial cavity. It is usually associated with disruption of the skull: after head and facial trauma, tumors of the skull base, after neurosurgery or otorhinolaryngology, and rarely, spontaneously...
--- brain neoplasms --- cerebral ventricle neoplasms --- choroid plexus neoplasms --- papilloma, choroid plexus --- infratentorial neoplasms --- brain stem neoplasms --- cerebellar neoplasms --- neurocytoma
Neurocytoma
Neurocytoma is a type of nervous system tumor which is primarily derived from nervous tissue.This is in contrast to the gliomas , which are derived from glial cells, which are not derived from nervous tissue.-External links:* http://moon.ouhsc.edu/kfung/JTY1/Com/Com307-1-Diss.htm*...
--- pinealoma
Pinealoma
-Presentation:The pineal gland produces the hormone melatonin which plays a role in regulating circadian rhythms. A pinealoma may disrupt production of this hormone, and insomnia may result....
--- supratentorial neoplasms --- hypothalamic neoplasms --- pituitary neoplasms --- cerebellar diseases --- cerebellar ataxia
Cerebellar ataxia
Cerebellar ataxia is a form of ataxia originating in the cerebellum.-References:...
--- spinocerebellar ataxias --- ataxia telangiectasia
Ataxia telangiectasia
Ataxia telangiectasia is a rare, neurodegenerative, inherited disease that affects many parts of the body and causes severe disability. Ataxia refers to poor coordination and telangiectasia to small dilated blood vessels, both of which are hallmarks of the disease...
--- machado-joseph disease
Machado-Joseph disease
Machado–Joseph disease or Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 is a rare autosomal, dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disease that causes progressive cerebellar ataxia, which results in a lack of muscle control and coordination of the upper and lower extremities...
--- cerebellar neoplasms --- dandy-walker syndrome
Dandy-Walker syndrome
Dandy–Walker syndrome , or Dandy–Walker complex, is a congenital brain malformation involving the cerebellum and the fluid filled spaces around it. A key feature of this syndrome is the partial or even complete absence of the part of the brain located between the two cerebellar hemispheres...
--- miller fisher syndrome --- paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration is a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with lung, ovarian, breast, and other cancers.As is the case with other paraneoplastic syndromes, PCD is believed to be due to an autoimmune reaction targeted against components of the central nervous system...
--- spinocerebellar degenerations --- friedreich ataxia --- myoclonic cerebellar dyssynergia --- olivopontocerebellar atrophies --- spinocerebellar ataxias --- machado-joseph disease
Machado-Joseph disease
Machado–Joseph disease or Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 is a rare autosomal, dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disease that causes progressive cerebellar ataxia, which results in a lack of muscle control and coordination of the upper and lower extremities...
--- cerebrovascular disorders --- basal ganglia cerebrovascular disease --- basal ganglia hemorrhage --- putaminal hemorrhage --- brain ischemia --- vertebrobasilar insufficiency
Vertebrobasilar insufficiency
Vertebrobasilar insufficiency , or vertebral basilar ischemia , refers to a temporary set of symptoms due to decreased blood flow in the posterior circulation of the brain. The posterior circulation supplies blood to the medulla, cerebellum, pons, midbrain, thalamus, and occipital cortex...
--- subclavian steal syndrome
Subclavian steal syndrome
In medicine, subclavian steal syndrome , also called subclavian steal phenomenon or subclavian steal steno-occlusive disease, is a constellation of signs and symptoms that arise from retrograde flow of blood in the vertebral artery or the internal thoracic artery, due to a proximal stenosis ...
--- carotid artery diseases --- carotid artery thrombosis --- carotid artery injuries --- carotid artery, internal, dissection --- carotid-cavernous sinus fistula --- carotid artery, internal, dissection --- carotid stenosis --- carotid-cavernous sinus fistula --- moyamoya disease --- cerebrovascular accident --- brain infarction --- brain stem infarctions --- lateral medullary syndrome
Lateral medullary syndrome
Lateral medullary syndrome is a disease in which the patient has a constellation of neurologic symptoms due to injury to the lateral part of the medulla in the brain, resulting in tissue ischemia and necrosis.-Signs and symptoms:This syndrome is characterized by sensory deficits affecting...
--- cerebral infarction
Cerebral infarction
A cerebral infarction is the ischemic kind of stroke due to a disturbance in the blood vessels supplying blood to the brain. It can be atherothrombotic or embolic. Stroke caused by cerebral infarction should be distinguished from two other kinds of stroke: cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid...
--- infarction, anterior cerebral artery --- infarction, middle cerebral artery --- infarction, posterior cerebral artery --- cerebrovascular trauma --- carotid artery injuries --- carotid artery, internal, dissection --- carotid-cavernous sinus fistula --- vertebral artery dissection
Vertebral artery dissection
Vertebral artery dissection is a dissection of the inner lining of the vertebral artery, which is located in the neck and supplies blood to the brain. After the tear, blood enters the arterial wall and forms a blood clot, thickening the artery wall and often impeding blood flow...
--- dementia, vascular --- cadasil
CADASIL
CADASIL is the most common form of hereditary stroke disorder, and is thought to be caused by mutations of the Notch 3 gene on chromosome 19. The disease belongs to a family of disorders called the Leukodystrophies...
--- dementia, multi-infarct --- hypoxia-ischemia, brain --- brain ischemia --- ischemic attack, transient --- hypoxia, brain --- intracranial arterial diseases --- cerebral arterial diseases --- cadasil
CADASIL
CADASIL is the most common form of hereditary stroke disorder, and is thought to be caused by mutations of the Notch 3 gene on chromosome 19. The disease belongs to a family of disorders called the Leukodystrophies...
--- cerebral amyloid angiopathy --- cerebral amyloid angiopathy, familial --- infarction, anterior cerebral artery --- infarction, middle cerebral artery --- infarction, posterior cerebral artery --- intracranial aneurysm --- intracranial arteriosclerosis --- dementia, vascular --- intracranial arteriovenous malformations --- intracranial arteriovenous malformations --- intracranial embolism and thrombosis --- intracranial embolism --- intracranial thrombosis --- sinus thrombosis, intracranial --- cavernous sinus thrombosis
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Cavernous sinus thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot within the cavernous sinus, a cavity at the base of the brain which drains deoxygenated blood from the brain back to the heart. The cause is usually from a spreading infection in the nose, sinuses, ears, or teeth. Staphylococcus aureus...
--- lateral sinus thrombosis --- sagittal sinus thrombosis --- intracranial hemorrhages --- cerebral hemorrhage --- basal ganglia hemorrhage --- putaminal hemorrhage --- cerebral hemorrhage, traumatic --- intracranial hemorrhage, hypertensive --- intracranial hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain stem hemorrhage, traumatic --- cerebral hemorrhage, traumatic --- hematoma, epidural, cranial --- hematoma, subdural --- hematoma, subdural, acute --- hematoma, subdural, chronic --- hematoma, subdural, intracranial --- subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic --- pituitary apoplexy
Pituitary apoplexy
Pituitary apoplexy or pituitary tumor apoplexy is bleeding into or impaired blood supply of the pituitary gland at the base of the brain. This usually occurs in the presence of a tumor of the pituitary, although in 80% of cases this has not been diagnosed previously...
--- subarachnoid hemorrhage
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
A subarachnoid hemorrhage , or subarachnoid haemorrhage in British English, is bleeding into the subarachnoid space—the area between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater surrounding the brain...
--- subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic --- leukomalacia, periventricular --- sneddon syndrome
Sneddon syndrome
Sneddon's syndrome is a form of arteriopathy characterized by several symptoms, including:* cerebrovascular disease* Livedo Reticularis or Livedo Racemosa* hypertension...
--- vascular headaches --- vasculitis, central nervous system --- aids arteritis, central nervous system --- lupus vasculitis, central nervous system --- temporal arteritis
Temporal arteritis
Giant-cell arteritis or Horton disease is an inflammatory disease of blood vessels most commonly involving large and medium arteries of the head...
--- vasospasm, intracranial --- vertebral artery dissection
Vertebral artery dissection
Vertebral artery dissection is a dissection of the inner lining of the vertebral artery, which is located in the neck and supplies blood to the brain. After the tear, blood enters the arterial wall and forms a blood clot, thickening the artery wall and often impeding blood flow...
--- dementia
Dementia
Dementia is a serious loss of cognitive ability in a previously unimpaired person, beyond what might be expected from normal aging...
--- aids dementia complex
AIDS dementia complex
AIDS dementia complex is a common neurological disorder associated with HIV infection and AIDS. It is a metabolic encephalopathy induced by HIV infection and fueled by immune activation of brain macrophages and microglia...
--- alzheimer disease --- aphasia, primary progressive --- creutzfeldt-jakob syndrome --- dementia, vascular --- dementia, multi-infarct --- huntington disease --- Klüver-Bucy syndrome
Klüver-Bucy syndrome
Klüver-Bucy syndrome is a behavioral disorder that occurs when both the right and left medial temporal lobes of the brain malfunction. The amygdala has been a particularly implicated brain region in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. The syndrome is named for Heinrich Klüver and Paul...
--- lewy body disease --- pick disease of the brain --- diffuse cerebral sclerosis of schilder --- encephalitis
Encephalitis
Encephalitis is an acute inflammation of the brain. Encephalitis with meningitis is known as meningoencephalitis. Symptoms include headache, fever, confusion, drowsiness, and fatigue...
--- encephalomyelitis
Encephalomyelitis
Encephalomyelitis is a general term for inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, describing a number of disorders:* Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis or postinfectious encephalomyelitis, a demyelinating disease of the brain and spinal cord, possibly triggered by vaccination or viral...
--- limbic encephalitis
Limbic encephalitis
Limbic encephalitis is a form of encephalitis.In a small number of cases, the pathogens responsible for encephalitis attack primarily the limbic system , often causing memory deficits similar to those observed in Alzheimer's disease or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Limbic encephalitis is a form of...
--- meningoencephalitis
Meningoencephalitis
Meningoencephalitis is a medical condition that simultaneously resembles both meningitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the meninges, and encephalitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the brain.-Causes:...
--- lupus vasculitis, central nervous system --- encephalomalacia --- leukomalacia, periventricular --- epilepsy
Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder characterized by seizures. These seizures are transient signs and/or symptoms of abnormal, excessive or hypersynchronous neuronal activity in the brain.About 50 million people worldwide have epilepsy, and nearly two out of every three new cases...
--- epilepsies, myoclonic --- myoclonic epilepsy, juvenile --- myoclonic epilepsies, progressive --- lafora disease
Lafora disease
Lafora disease, also called Lafora progressive myoclonic epilepsy or MELF , is a fatal autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by the presence of inclusion bodies, known as Lafora bodies, within neurons and the cells of the heart, liver, muscle, and skin.Most patients with this disease...
--- merrf syndrome
MERRF syndrome
MERRF syndrome is a mitochondrial disease. It is extremely rare, with an estimated prevalence of 1/400,000 in Europe, and has varying degrees of expressivity owing to heteroplasmy-Presentation:...
--- unverricht-lundborg syndrome --- epilepsies, partial --- epilepsy, complex partial --- epilepsy, frontal lobe --- epilepsy, partial, motor --- epilepsy, partial, sensory --- epilepsy, rolandic --- epilepsy, temporal lobe --- epilepsy, benign neonatal --- epilepsy, generalized --- epilepsy, absence --- epilepsy, tonic-clonic --- spasms, infantile --- epilepsy, post-traumatic --- epilepsy, reflex --- landau-kleffner syndrome
Landau-Kleffner syndrome
Landau–Kleffner syndrome , also called infantile acquired aphasia, acquired epileptic aphasia or aphasia with convulsive disorder, is a rare, childhood neurological syndrome....
--- seizures --- seizures, febrile --- status epilepticus
Status epilepticus
Status epilepticus is a life-threatening condition in which the brain is in a state of persistent seizure. Definitions vary, but traditionally it is defined as one continuous unremitting seizure lasting longer than 5 minutes, or recurrent seizures without regaining consciousness between seizures...
--- epilepsia partialis continua
Epilepsia partialis continua
Epilepsia partialis continua is a rare type of brain disorder in which a patient experiences recurrent motor epileptic seizures that are focal , and recur every few seconds or minutes for extended periods .-Presentation:During these seizures, there is repetitive focal myoclonus or Jacksonian...
--- headache disorders --- headache disorders, primary --- migraine disorders --- migraine with aura --- migraine without aura --- tension-type headache --- trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias --- cluster headache
Cluster headache
Cluster headache, nicknamed "suicide headache", is a neurological disease that involves, as its most prominent feature, an immense degree of pain in the head. Cluster headaches occur periodically: spontaneous remissions interrupt active periods of pain. The cause of the disease is currently unknown...
--- paroxysmal hemicrania --- sunct syndrome --- headache disorders, secondary --- post-dural puncture headache --- post-traumatic headache --- vascular headaches --- hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus , also known as "water in the brain," is a medical condition in which there is an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles, or cavities, of the brain. This may cause increased intracranial pressure inside the skull and progressive enlargement of the head,...
--- dandy-walker syndrome
Dandy-Walker syndrome
Dandy–Walker syndrome , or Dandy–Walker complex, is a congenital brain malformation involving the cerebellum and the fluid filled spaces around it. A key feature of this syndrome is the partial or even complete absence of the part of the brain located between the two cerebellar hemispheres...
--- hydrocephalus, normal pressure --- hypothalamic diseases --- bardet-biedl syndrome
Bardet-Biedl syndrome
The Bardet–Biedl syndrome is a ciliopathic human genetic disorder that produces many effects and affects many body systems. It is characterized principally by obesity, retinitis pigmentosa, polydactyly, mental retardation, hypogonadism, and renal failure in some cases.-Summary of the...
--- hypothalamic neoplasms --- pituitary neoplasms --- laurence-moon syndrome
Laurence-Moon syndrome
Laurence–Moon syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder associated with retinitis pigmentosa, spastic paraplegia, hypogonadism and mental retardation.- Genetics : LMS is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner...
--- pituitary diseases --- empty sella syndrome
Empty sella syndrome
Empty sella syndrome is a disorder that involves the sella turcica, a bony structure at the base of the brain that surrounds and protects the pituitary gland...
--- hyperpituitarism
Hyperpituitarism
Hyperpituitarism is the result of excess secretion of adenohypophyseal trophic hormones most commonly by a functional pituitary adenoma. Other causes are hyperplasias and carcinomas of the adenohypophysis, secretion by non-pituitary tumours and certain hypothalamic disorders.-Clinical...
--- acromegaly
Acromegaly
Acromegaly is a syndrome that results when the anterior pituitary gland produces excess growth hormone after epiphyseal plate closure at puberty...
--- hyperprolactinemia --- pituitary acth hypersecretion
Pituitary ACTH hypersecretion
Pituitary ACTH hypersecretion is a form of hyperpituitarism characterized by an abnormally high level of ACTH produced by the anterior pituitary. It is one of the causes of Cushing's syndrome....
--- hypopituitarism
Hypopituitarism
Hypopituitarism is the decreased secretion of one or more of the eight hormones normally produced by the pituitary gland at the base of the brain...
--- dwarfism, pituitary --- inappropriate adh syndrome --- pituitary apoplexy
Pituitary apoplexy
Pituitary apoplexy or pituitary tumor apoplexy is bleeding into or impaired blood supply of the pituitary gland at the base of the brain. This usually occurs in the presence of a tumor of the pituitary, although in 80% of cases this has not been diagnosed previously...
--- pituitary neoplasms --- acth-secreting pituitary adenoma --- nelson syndrome --- growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma --- prolactinoma
Prolactinoma
A prolactinoma is a benign tumor of the pituitary gland that produces a hormone called prolactin. It is the most common type of pituitary tumor...
--- intracranial hypertension --- hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus , also known as "water in the brain," is a medical condition in which there is an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles, or cavities, of the brain. This may cause increased intracranial pressure inside the skull and progressive enlargement of the head,...
--- dandy-walker syndrome
Dandy-Walker syndrome
Dandy–Walker syndrome , or Dandy–Walker complex, is a congenital brain malformation involving the cerebellum and the fluid filled spaces around it. A key feature of this syndrome is the partial or even complete absence of the part of the brain located between the two cerebellar hemispheres...
--- hypertensive encephalopathy
Hypertensive encephalopathy
Hypertensive encephalopathy is a neurological dysfunction induced by malignant hypertension. The term "hypertensive encephalopathy" was introduced to describe this type of encephalopathy by Oppenheimer and Fishberg in 1928. It describes cerebral conditions, typically reversible, caused by sudden...
--- pseudotumor cerebri --- intracranial hypotension --- kluver-Bucy syndrome
Klüver-Bucy syndrome
Klüver-Bucy syndrome is a behavioral disorder that occurs when both the right and left medial temporal lobes of the brain malfunction. The amygdala has been a particularly implicated brain region in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. The syndrome is named for Heinrich Klüver and Paul...
--- neuroaxonal dystrophies --- hallervorden-spatz syndrome --- subdural effusion
Subdural effusion
Subdural effusion refers to an effusion in the subdural space, usually of cerebrospinal fluid.It is sometimes treated with surgery....
--- thalamic diseases
--- central nervous system infections
--- brain abscessBrain abscess
Brain abscess is an abscess caused by inflammation and collection of infected material, coming from local or remote infectious sources, within the brain tissue...
--- toxoplasmosis, cerebral --- central nervous system bacterial infections --- brain abscess
Brain abscess
Brain abscess is an abscess caused by inflammation and collection of infected material, coming from local or remote infectious sources, within the brain tissue...
--- empyema, subdural --- epidural abscess --- lyme neuroborreliosis --- meningitis, bacterial --- meningitis, escherichia coli --- meningitis, haemophilus --- meningitis, listeria --- meningitis, meningococcal --- waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome or hemorrhagic adrenalitis or Fulminant meningococcemia, is a disease of the adrenal glands most commonly caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis. The infection leads to massive hemorrhage into one or both adrenal glands...
--- meningitis, pneumococcal --- tuberculosis, meningeal --- neurosyphilis
Neurosyphilis
Neurosyphilis is an infection of the brain or spinal cord caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. It usually occurs in people who have had untreated syphilis for many years, usually about 10 - 20 years after first infection.-Symptoms and signs:...
--- tabes dorsalis
Tabes dorsalis
Tabes dorsalis is a slow degeneration of the sensory neurons that carry afferent information. The degenerating nerves are in the dorsal columns of the spinal cord and carry information that help maintain a person's sense of position , vibration, and discriminative touch.-Cause:Tabes dorsalis is...
--- tuberculosis, central nervous system --- tuberculoma, intracranial --- tuberculosis, meningeal --- central nervous system fungal infections --- meningitis, fungal --- meningitis, cryptococcal --- neuroaspergillosis --- central nervous system parasitic infections --- central nervous system helminthiasis --- neurocysticercosis --- neuroschistosomiasis --- central nervous system protozoal infections --- malaria, cerebral --- toxoplasmosis, cerebral --- toxoplasmosis, congenital --- central nervous system viral diseases --- encephalitis
Encephalitis
Encephalitis is an acute inflammation of the brain. Encephalitis with meningitis is known as meningoencephalitis. Symptoms include headache, fever, confusion, drowsiness, and fatigue...
--- encephalitis, viral --- encephalitis, arbovirus --- encephalitis, california --- encephalitis, japanese --- encephalitis, st. louis --- encephalitis, tick-borne --- west nile fever --- encephalitis, herpes simplex --- encephalitis, varicella zoster --- encephalomyelitis, equine --- encephalomyelitis, eastern equine --- encephalomyelitis, venezuelan equine --- encephalomyelitis, western equine --- leukoencephalopathy, progressive multifocal --- subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is a rare chronic, progressive encephalitis that affects primarily children and young adults, caused by a persistent infection of immune resistant measles virus . No cure for SSPE exists, but the condition can be managed by medication if treatment is started at...
--- meningitis, viral --- lymphocytic choriomeningitis
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis , is a rodent-borne viral infectious disease that presents as aseptic meningitis, encephalitis or meningoencephalitis. Its causative agent is the Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus , a member of the family Arenaviridae...
--- meningitis, aseptic --- myelitis
Myelitis
Myelitis is a disease involving inflammation of the spinal cord, which disrupts central nervous system functions linking the brain and limbs. The name is derived from Greek referring to the "spinal cord", and the suffix -itis, which denotes inflammation....
--- paraparesis, tropical spastic --- poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an acute viral infectious disease spread from person to person, primarily via the fecal-oral route...
--- poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an acute viral infectious disease spread from person to person, primarily via the fecal-oral route...
--- poliomyelitis, bulbar --- postpoliomyelitis syndrome --- pseudorabies
Pseudorabies
Pseudorabies is a viral disease in swine that is endemic in most parts of the world. It is caused by Suid herpesvirus 1 , which is also called Pseudorabies virus and is also known as Aujeszky's disease, and in cattle as mad itch. PRV is considered to be the most economically important viral...
--- empyema, subdural --- encephalitis
Encephalitis
Encephalitis is an acute inflammation of the brain. Encephalitis with meningitis is known as meningoencephalitis. Symptoms include headache, fever, confusion, drowsiness, and fatigue...
--- encephalitis, viral --- encephalitis, arbovirus --- encephalitis, california --- encephalitis, japanese --- encephalitis, st. louis --- encephalitis, tick-borne --- west nile fever --- encephalitis, herpes simplex --- encephalitis, varicella zoster --- encephalomyelitis, equine --- encephalomyelitis, eastern equine --- encephalomyelitis, venezuelan equine --- encephalomyelitis, western equine --- leukoencephalopathy, progressive multifocal --- subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is a rare chronic, progressive encephalitis that affects primarily children and young adults, caused by a persistent infection of immune resistant measles virus . No cure for SSPE exists, but the condition can be managed by medication if treatment is started at...
--- meningoencephalitis
Meningoencephalitis
Meningoencephalitis is a medical condition that simultaneously resembles both meningitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the meninges, and encephalitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the brain.-Causes:...
--- lupus vasculitis, central nervous system --- leukoencephalitis, acute hemorrhagic --- limbic encephalitis
Limbic encephalitis
Limbic encephalitis is a form of encephalitis.In a small number of cases, the pathogens responsible for encephalitis attack primarily the limbic system , often causing memory deficits similar to those observed in Alzheimer's disease or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Limbic encephalitis is a form of...
--- encephalomyelitis
Encephalomyelitis
Encephalomyelitis is a general term for inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, describing a number of disorders:* Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis or postinfectious encephalomyelitis, a demyelinating disease of the brain and spinal cord, possibly triggered by vaccination or viral...
--- encephalomyelitis, equine --- encephalomyelitis, eastern equine --- encephalomyelitis, venezuelan equine --- encephalomyelitis, western equine --- epidural abscess --- meningitis
Meningitis
Meningitis is inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. The inflammation may be caused by infection with viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms, and less commonly by certain drugs...
--- arachnoiditis
Arachnoiditis
Arachnoiditis is a neuropathic disease caused by the inflammation of the arachnoid, one of the membranes that surround and protect the nerves of the central nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord...
--- meningitis, aseptic --- meningitis, bacterial --- meningitis, escherichia coli --- meningitis, haemophilus --- meningitis, listeria --- meningitis, meningococcal --- waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome or hemorrhagic adrenalitis or Fulminant meningococcemia, is a disease of the adrenal glands most commonly caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis. The infection leads to massive hemorrhage into one or both adrenal glands...
--- meningitis, pneumococcal --- tuberculosis, meningeal --- meningitis, fungal --- meningitis, cryptococcal --- meningitis, viral --- lymphocytic choriomeningitis
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis , is a rodent-borne viral infectious disease that presents as aseptic meningitis, encephalitis or meningoencephalitis. Its causative agent is the Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus , a member of the family Arenaviridae...
--- meningitis, aseptic --- meningoencephalitis
Meningoencephalitis
Meningoencephalitis is a medical condition that simultaneously resembles both meningitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the meninges, and encephalitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the brain.-Causes:...
--- lupus vasculitis, central nervous system --- meningoencephalitis
Meningoencephalitis
Meningoencephalitis is a medical condition that simultaneously resembles both meningitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the meninges, and encephalitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the brain.-Causes:...
--- lupus vasculitis, central nervous system --- uveomeningoencephalitic syndrome --- myelitis
Myelitis
Myelitis is a disease involving inflammation of the spinal cord, which disrupts central nervous system functions linking the brain and limbs. The name is derived from Greek referring to the "spinal cord", and the suffix -itis, which denotes inflammation....
--- paraparesis, tropical spastic --- poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an acute viral infectious disease spread from person to person, primarily via the fecal-oral route...
--- perimeningeal infections --- empyema, subdural --- epidural abscess --- subdural effusion
Subdural effusion
Subdural effusion refers to an effusion in the subdural space, usually of cerebrospinal fluid.It is sometimes treated with surgery....
--- prion diseases --- creutzfeldt-jakob syndrome --- encephalopathy, bovine spongiform --- gerstmann-straussler-scheinker disease --- insomnia, fatal familial --- kuru --- scrapie
Scrapie
Scrapie is a fatal, degenerative disease that affects the nervous systems of sheep and goats. It is one of several transmissible spongiform encephalopathies , which are related to bovine spongiform encephalopathy and chronic wasting disease of deer. Like other spongiform encephalopathies, scrapie...
--- wasting disease, chronic
--- encephalomyelitisEncephalomyelitisEncephalomyelitis is a general term for inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, describing a number of disorders:* Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis or postinfectious encephalomyelitis, a demyelinating disease of the brain and spinal cord, possibly triggered by vaccination or viral...
--- encephalomyelitis, equine --- encephalomyelitis, eastern equine --- encephalomyelitis, venezuelan equine --- encephalomyelitis, western equine --- fatigue syndrome, chronic --- leukoencephalitis, acute hemorrhagic--- high pressure neurological syndrome
--- meningitisMeningitisMeningitis is inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. The inflammation may be caused by infection with viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms, and less commonly by certain drugs...
--- meningoencephalitisMeningoencephalitis
Meningoencephalitis is a medical condition that simultaneously resembles both meningitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the meninges, and encephalitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the brain.-Causes:...
--- lupus vasculitis, central nervous system
--- movement disorders
--- angelman syndromeAngelman syndrome
Angelman syndrome is a neuro-genetic disorder characterized by intellectual and developmental delay, sleep disturbance, seizures, jerky movements , frequent laughter or smiling, and usually a happy demeanor....
--- choreatic disorders --- chorea gravidarum
Chorea gravidarum
Chorea gravidarum is a rare type of chorea which presents with involuntary abnormal movement, characterized by abrupt, brief, nonrhythmic, nonrepetitive movement of any limb, often associated with nonpatterned facial grimaces. It is a complication of pregnancy which can be associated with eclampsia...
--- huntington disease --- dystonic disorders --- dystonia musculorum deformans --- meige syndrome --- torticollis
Torticollis
Torticollis, or wryneck, is a stiff neck associated with muscle spasm, classically causing lateral flexion contracture of the cervical spine musculature...
--- essential tremor
Essential tremor
Essential tremor is a slowly progressive neurological disorder whose most recognizable feature is a tremor of the arms that is apparent during voluntary movements such as eating and writing...
--- hallervorden-spatz syndrome --- hepatolenticular degeneration --- multiple system atrophy
Multiple system atrophy
Multiple system atrophy is a degenerative neurological disorder. MSA is associated with the degeneration of nerve cells in specific areas of the brain. This cell degeneration causes problems with movement, balance and other autonomic functions of the body such as bladder control or blood pressure...
--- olivopontocerebellar atrophies --- shy-drager syndrome --- striatonigral degeneration --- parkinsonian disorders --- lewy body disease --- parkinson disease --- parkinson disease, secondary --- mptp poisoning --- parkinson disease, postencephalitic --- supranuclear palsy, progressive --- Tic disorder
Tic disorder
Tic disorders are defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders based on type and duration of tics...
s --- Tourette syndrome
Tourette syndrome
Tourette syndrome is an inherited neuropsychiatric disorder with onset in childhood, characterized by multiple physical tics and at least one vocal tic; these tics characteristically wax and wane...
--- spinal cord diseases
--- amyotrophic lateral sclerosisAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , also referred to as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a form of motor neuron disease caused by the degeneration of upper and lower neurons, located in the ventral horn of the spinal cord and the cortical neurons that provide their efferent input...
--- epidural abscess --- muscular atrophy, spinal --- spinal muscular atrophies of childhood
Spinal muscular atrophies of childhood
Survival motor neuron spinal muscular atrophy is a term used used to describe certain forms of spinal muscular atrophy that are associated with the Survival of Motor Neuron protein...
--- myelitis
Myelitis
Myelitis is a disease involving inflammation of the spinal cord, which disrupts central nervous system functions linking the brain and limbs. The name is derived from Greek referring to the "spinal cord", and the suffix -itis, which denotes inflammation....
--- myelitis, transverse --- paraparesis, tropical spastic --- poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an acute viral infectious disease spread from person to person, primarily via the fecal-oral route...
--- poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an acute viral infectious disease spread from person to person, primarily via the fecal-oral route...
--- postpoliomyelitis syndrome --- spinal cord compression
Spinal cord compression
Spinal cord compression develops when the spinal cord is compressed by bone fragments from a vertebral fracture, a tumor, abscess, ruptured intervertebral disc or other lesion...
--- spinal cord neoplasms --- epidural neoplasms --- spinal cord injuries --- central cord syndrome
Central cord syndrome
Central cord syndrome is an acute cervical spinal cord injury that can affect a large and diverse group of patients. It was first described by Schneider in 1954....
--- spinal cord vascular diseases --- anterior spinal artery syndrome
Anterior spinal artery syndrome
Ischemia or infarction of the spinal cord in the distribution of the anterior spinal artery, which supplies the ventral two-thirds of the spinal cord and Medulla.-Causes:...
--- spinal cord ischemia --- anterior spinal artery syndrome
Anterior spinal artery syndrome
Ischemia or infarction of the spinal cord in the distribution of the anterior spinal artery, which supplies the ventral two-thirds of the spinal cord and Medulla.-Causes:...
--- spinocerebellar degenerations --- friedreich ataxia --- myoclonic cerebellar dyssynergia --- olivopontocerebellar atrophies --- spinocerebellar ataxias --- machado-joseph disease
Machado-Joseph disease
Machado–Joseph disease or Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 is a rare autosomal, dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disease that causes progressive cerebellar ataxia, which results in a lack of muscle control and coordination of the upper and lower extremities...
--- stiff-person syndrome --- syringomyelia
Syringomyelia
Syringomyelia is a generic term referring to a disorder in which a cyst or cavity forms within the spinal cord. This cyst, called a syrinx, can expand and elongate over time, destroying the spinal cord. The damage may result in pain, paralysis, weakness, and stiffness in the back, shoulders, and...
--- tabes dorsalis
Tabes dorsalis
Tabes dorsalis is a slow degeneration of the sensory neurons that carry afferent information. The degenerating nerves are in the dorsal columns of the spinal cord and carry information that help maintain a person's sense of position , vibration, and discriminative touch.-Cause:Tabes dorsalis is...
--- sleep disorders, circadian rhythm
--- abducens nerve diseases
--- abducens nerve injury--- cranial nerve neoplasms
--- neuroma, acoustic --- neurofibromatosis 2 --- optic nerve neoplasms --- optic nerve gliomaOptic nerve glioma
Optic nerve glioma , a form of glioma which affects the optic nerve, is often one of the central nervous system manifestations of Neurofibromatosis 1....
--- cranial nerve injuries
--- abducens nerve injury --- facial nerve injuries --- optic nerve injuries--- facial nerve diseases
--- bell palsy --- facial hemiatrophy --- facial nerve injuries --- facial neuralgia --- herpes zoster oticus --- melkersson-rosenthal syndromeMelkersson-Rosenthal syndrome
Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome is a rare neurological disorder characterized by recurring facial paralysis, swelling of the face and lips , and the development of folds and furrows in the tongue. Onset is in childhood or early adolescence...
--- mobius syndrome
Mobius syndrome
Möbius syndrome is an extremely rare congenital neurological disorder which is characterized by facial paralysis and the inability to move the eyes from side to side. Most people with Möbius syndrome are born with complete facial paralysis and cannot close their eyes or form facial expressions...
--- glossopharyngeal nerve diseases
--- ocular motility disorders
--- duane retraction syndrome --- miller fisher syndrome --- nystagmus, pathologic --- nystagmus, congenital --- oculomotor nerve diseases --- ophthalmoplegia --- ophthalmoplegia, chronic progressive external --- supranuclear palsy, progressive --- ophthalmoplegia, chronic progressive external --- kearns-sayer syndrome --- strabismusStrabismus
Strabismus is a condition in which the eyes are not properly aligned with each other. It typically involves a lack of coordination between the extraocular muscles, which prevents bringing the gaze of each eye to the same point in space and preventing proper binocular vision, which may adversely...
--- esotropia
Esotropia
Esotropia is a form of strabismus, or "squint", in which one or both eyes turns inward. The condition can be constantly present, or occur intermittently, and can give the affected individual a "cross-eyed" appearance...
--- exotropia
Exotropia
Exotropia is a form of strabismus where the eyes are deviated outward. It is the opposite of esotropia. People with exotropia often experience crossed diplopia. Intermittent exotropia is a fairly common condition. "Sensory exotropia" occurs in the presence of poor vision...
--- tolosa-hunt syndrome
Tolosa-Hunt syndrome
Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by severe and unilateral headaches with extraocular palsies, usually involving the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth cranial nerves, and pain around the sides and back of the eye, along with weakness and paralysis of certain eye muscles.In 2004,...
--- oculomotor nerve diseases
--- adie syndromeAdie syndrome
Adie syndrome, sometimes known as Holmes-Adie's syndrome or Adie's Tonic Pupil, is a neurological disorder characterized by a tonically dilated pupil. It is named after the British neurologist William John Adie...
--- olfactory nerve diseases
--- esthesioneuroblastoma, olfactory--- optic nerve diseases
--- optic atrophy --- optic atrophies, hereditary --- optic atrophy, hereditary, leber --- optic atrophy, autosomal dominant --- wolfram syndromeWolfram syndrome
Wolfram syndrome, also called DIDMOAD , is a rare genetic disorder, causing diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness as well as various other possible disorders.It was first described in four siblings in 1938 by Dr. Don J...
--- optic disk drusen --- optic nerve injuries --- optic nerve neoplasms --- optic nerve glioma
Optic nerve glioma
Optic nerve glioma , a form of glioma which affects the optic nerve, is often one of the central nervous system manifestations of Neurofibromatosis 1....
--- optic neuritis
Optic neuritis
Optic neuritis is the inflammation of the optic nerve that may cause a complete or partial loss of vision.-Causes:The optic nerve comprises axons that emerge from the retina of the eye and carry visual information to the primary visual nuclei, most of which is relayed to the occipital cortex of the...
--- neuromyelitis optica --- optic neuropathy, ischemic --- papilledema
Papilledema
Papilledema is optic disc swelling that is caused by increased intracranial pressure. The swelling is usually bilateral and can occur over a period of hours to weeks. Unilateral presentation is extremely rare....
--- trigeminal nerve diseases
--- trigeminal neuralgiaTrigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia , tic douloureux is a neuropathic disorder characterized by episodes of intense pain in the face, originating from the trigeminal nerve. It has been described as among the most painful conditions known...
--- vagus nerve diseases
--- vocal cord paralysis--- vestibulocochlear nerve diseases
--- neuroma, acoustic --- neurofibromatosis 2 --- vestibular neuronitisVestibular neuronitis
Vestibular neuronitis, also called Vestibular neuritis, can be a paroxysmal, single attack of vertigo, a series of attacks, or a persistent condition which diminishes over three to six weeks. It is a type of unilateral vestibular dysfunction and may be associated with nausea, vomiting, and...
--- demyelinating autoimmune diseases, cns
--- diffuse cerebral sclerosis of schilder --- encephalomyelitis, acute disseminated --- encephalomyelitis, autoimmune, experimental --- leukoencephalitis, acute hemorrhagic --- multiple sclerosisMultiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disease in which the fatty myelin sheaths around the axons of the brain and spinal cord are damaged, leading to demyelination and scarring as well as a broad spectrum of signs and symptoms...
--- multiple sclerosis, chronic progressive --- multiple sclerosis, relapsing-remitting --- neuromyelitis optica --- myelitis, transverse --- neuromyelitis optica --- neuromyelitis optica
--- hereditary central nervous system demyelinating diseases
--- adrenoleukodystrophyAdrenoleukodystrophy
Adrenoleukodystrophy is a rare, inherited disorder that leads to progressive brain damage, failure of the adrenal glands and eventually death. ALD is a disease in a group of genetic disorders called leukodystrophies, whose chief feature is damage to myelin...
--- alexander disease
Alexander disease
Alexander disease is a slowly progressing and fatal neurodegenerative disease. It is a very rare disorder which results from a genetic mutation and mostly affects infants and children, causing developmental delay and changes in physical characteristics....
--- canavan disease
Canavan disease
Canavan disease, also called Canavan-Van Bogaert-Bertrand disease, aspartoacylase deficiency or aminoacylase 2 deficiency, is an autosomal recessive degenerative disorder that causes progressive damage to nerve cells in the brain. Canavan disease is also one of the most common degenerative...
--- leukodystrophy, globoid cell --- leukodystrophy, metachromatic --- pelizaeus-merzbacher disease
Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease is a rare central nervous system disorder in which coordination, motor abilities, and intellectual function are delayed to variable extents.-Classification:...
--- leukoencephalopathy, progressive multifocal
--- myelinolysis, central pontine
--- polyradiculoneuropathyPolyradiculoneuropathyPolyradiculoneuropathy describes a condition in which polyneuropathy and polyradiculopathy occur together. An example is Guillain-Barré syndrome....
--- polyradiculoneuropathy, chronic inflammatory demyelinating --- guillain-barre syndromeGuillain-Barré syndrome
Guillain–Barré syndrome , sometimes called Landry's paralysis, is an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy , a disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system. Ascending paralysis, weakness beginning in the feet and hands and migrating towards the trunk, is the most typical symptom...
--- miller fisher syndrome --- hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies --- dysautonomia, familial
--- central nervous system cysts
--- arachnoid cysts--- central nervous system vascular malformations
--- hemangioma, cavernous, central nervous system --- central nervous system venous angioma --- sinus pericraniiSinus pericranii
Sinus pericranii is a rare disorder characterized by a congenital epicranial venous malformation of the scalp. Sinus pericranii is an abnormal communication between the intracranial and extracranial venous drainage pathways...
--- hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies
--- charcot-marie-tooth diseaseCharcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease- , known also as Morbus Charcot-Marie-Tooth, Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy, hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy , hereditary sensorimotor neuropathy , or peroneal muscular atrophy, is an inherited disorder of nerves that takes different forms...
--- refsum disease --- spastic paraplegia, hereditary
--- hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies
--- dysautonomia, familial--- intracranial arteriovenous malformations
--- neural tube defectsNeural tube defectsNeural tube defects are one of the most common birth defects, occurring in approximately one in 1,000 live births in the United States. An NTD is an opening in the spinal cord or brain that occurs very early in human development. In the 2nd week of pregnancy called gastrulation, specialized cells...
--- anencephalyAnencephaly
Anencephaly is a cephalic disorder that results from a neural tube defect that occurs when the cephalic end of the neural tube fails to close, usually between the 23rd and 26th day of pregnancy, resulting in the absence of a major portion of the brain, skull, and scalp...
--- arnold-chiari malformation
Arnold-Chiari malformation
Arnold–Chiari malformation, or often simply Chiari malformation, is a malformation of the brain. It consists of a downward displacement of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum , sometimes causing non-communicating hydrocephalus as a result of obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid outflow...
--- encephalocele
Encephalocele
Encephalocele, sometimes known by the Latin name cranium bifidum, is a neural tube defect characterized by sac-like protrusions of the brain and the membranes that cover it through openings in the skull. These defects are caused by failure of the neural tube to close completely during fetal...
--- meningocele --- meningomyelocele --- spinal dysraphism --- spina bifida cystica --- spina bifida occulta
--- central nervous system neoplasms
--- brain neoplasms --- cerebral ventricle neoplasms --- choroid plexus neoplasms --- papilloma, choroid plexus --- infratentorial neoplasms --- brain stem neoplasms --- cerebellar neoplasms --- neurocytomaNeurocytoma
Neurocytoma is a type of nervous system tumor which is primarily derived from nervous tissue.This is in contrast to the gliomas , which are derived from glial cells, which are not derived from nervous tissue.-External links:* http://moon.ouhsc.edu/kfung/JTY1/Com/Com307-1-Diss.htm*...
--- pinealoma
Pinealoma
-Presentation:The pineal gland produces the hormone melatonin which plays a role in regulating circadian rhythms. A pinealoma may disrupt production of this hormone, and insomnia may result....
--- supratentorial neoplasms --- hypothalamic neoplasms --- pituitary neoplasms --- central nervous system cysts --- arachnoid cysts --- meningeal neoplasms --- meningioma
Meningioma
The word meningioma was first used by Harvey Cushing in 1922 to describe a tumor originating from the meninges, the membranous layers surrounding the CNS ....
--- spinal cord neoplasms --- epidural neoplasms
--- cranial nerve neoplasms
--- optic nerve neoplasms --- optic nerve gliomaOptic nerve glioma
Optic nerve glioma , a form of glioma which affects the optic nerve, is often one of the central nervous system manifestations of Neurofibromatosis 1....
--- neuroma, acoustic
--- neurofibromatosis 2--- peripheral nervous system neoplasms
--- nerve sheath neoplasms --- neurilemmoma --- neurofibromaNeurofibroma
A neurofibroma is a benign nerve sheath tumor in the peripheral nervous system. Usually found in individuals with neurofibromatosis type I , an autosomal dominant genetically-inherited disease, they can result in a range of symptoms from physical disfiguration and pain to cognitive disability...
--- neurofibroma, plexiform --- neurofibrosarcoma
--- neurofibromatosisNeurofibromatosisNeurofibromatosis is a genetically-inherited disorder in which the nerve tissue grows tumors that may be benign or may cause serious damage by compressing nerves and other tissues...
--- neurofibromatosis 1 --- neurofibromatosis 2--- heredodegenerative disorders, nervous system
--- alexander diseaseAlexander disease
Alexander disease is a slowly progressing and fatal neurodegenerative disease. It is a very rare disorder which results from a genetic mutation and mostly affects infants and children, causing developmental delay and changes in physical characteristics....
--- amyloid neuropathies, familial --- canavan disease
Canavan disease
Canavan disease, also called Canavan-Van Bogaert-Bertrand disease, aspartoacylase deficiency or aminoacylase 2 deficiency, is an autosomal recessive degenerative disorder that causes progressive damage to nerve cells in the brain. Canavan disease is also one of the most common degenerative...
--- cockayne syndrome
Cockayne syndrome
Cockayne syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive, congenital disorder characterized by growth failure, impaired development of the nervous system, abnormal sensitivity to sunlight , and premature aging...
--- dystonia musculorum deformans --- gerstmann-straussler-scheinker disease --- hallervorden-spatz syndrome --- hepatolenticular degeneration --- hereditary central nervous system demyelinating diseases --- hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies --- charcot-marie-tooth disease
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease- , known also as Morbus Charcot-Marie-Tooth, Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy, hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy , hereditary sensorimotor neuropathy , or peroneal muscular atrophy, is an inherited disorder of nerves that takes different forms...
--- refsum disease --- spastic paraplegia, hereditary --- hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies --- dysautonomia, familial --- huntington disease --- lafora disease
Lafora disease
Lafora disease, also called Lafora progressive myoclonic epilepsy or MELF , is a fatal autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by the presence of inclusion bodies, known as Lafora bodies, within neurons and the cells of the heart, liver, muscle, and skin.Most patients with this disease...
--- lesch-nyhan syndrome
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
Lesch–Nyhan syndrome , also known as Nyhan's syndrome, Kelley-Seegmiller syndrome and Juvenile gout, is a rare inherited disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase , produced by mutations in the HPRT gene located on X chromosome. LNS affects about...
--- menkes kinky hair syndrome --- myotonia congenita
Myotonia congenita
Congenital myotonia is a genetic, neuromuscular channelopathy that affects skeletal muscles . It is congenital, meaning that it is present from birth. Amongst other problems, it causes delayed relaxation of the muscles and rigidity...
--- myotonic dystrophy
Myotonic dystrophy
Myotonic dystrophy is a chronic, slowly progressing, highly variable inherited multisystemic disease. It is characterized by wasting of the muscles , cataracts, heart conduction defects, endocrine changes, and myotonia. Myotonic dystrophy can occur in patients of any age...
--- neurofibromatosis
Neurofibromatosis
Neurofibromatosis is a genetically-inherited disorder in which the nerve tissue grows tumors that may be benign or may cause serious damage by compressing nerves and other tissues...
--- neurofibromatosis 1 --- neurofibromatosis 2 --- neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis --- optic atrophies, hereditary --- optic atrophy, hereditary, leber --- optic atrophy, autosomal dominant --- wolfram syndrome
Wolfram syndrome
Wolfram syndrome, also called DIDMOAD , is a rare genetic disorder, causing diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness as well as various other possible disorders.It was first described in four siblings in 1938 by Dr. Don J...
--- rett syndrome
Rett syndrome
Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder of the grey matter of the brain that almost exclusively affects females. The clinical features include small hands and feet and a deceleration of the rate of head growth . Repetitive hand movements, such as wringing and/or repeatedly putting hands into...
--- spinal muscular atrophies of childhood
Spinal muscular atrophies of childhood
Survival motor neuron spinal muscular atrophy is a term used used to describe certain forms of spinal muscular atrophy that are associated with the Survival of Motor Neuron protein...
--- spinocerebellar degenerations --- friedreich ataxia --- myoclonic cerebellar dyssynergia --- olivopontocerebellar atrophies --- spinocerebellar ataxias --- machado-joseph disease
Machado-Joseph disease
Machado–Joseph disease or Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 is a rare autosomal, dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disease that causes progressive cerebellar ataxia, which results in a lack of muscle control and coordination of the upper and lower extremities...
--- tourette syndrome
Tourette syndrome
Tourette syndrome is an inherited neuropsychiatric disorder with onset in childhood, characterized by multiple physical tics and at least one vocal tic; these tics characteristically wax and wane...
--- tuberous sclerosis
Tuberous sclerosis
Tuberous sclerosis or tuberous sclerosis complex is a rare multi-system genetic disease that causes non-malignant tumors to grow in the brain and on other vital organs such as the kidneys, heart, eyes, lungs, and skin. A combination of symptoms may include seizures, developmental delay, behavioral...
--- unverricht-lundborg syndrome
--- motor neuron disease
--- amyotrophic lateral sclerosisAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , also referred to as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a form of motor neuron disease caused by the degeneration of upper and lower neurons, located in the ventral horn of the spinal cord and the cortical neurons that provide their efferent input...
--- bulbar palsy, progressive --- muscular atrophy, spinal --- spinal muscular atrophies of childhood
Spinal muscular atrophies of childhood
Survival motor neuron spinal muscular atrophy is a term used used to describe certain forms of spinal muscular atrophy that are associated with the Survival of Motor Neuron protein...
--- multiple system atrophyMultiple system atrophyMultiple system atrophy is a degenerative neurological disorder. MSA is associated with the degeneration of nerve cells in specific areas of the brain. This cell degeneration causes problems with movement, balance and other autonomic functions of the body such as bladder control or blood pressure...
--- olivopontocerebellar atrophies --- shy-drager syndrome --- striatonigral degeneration--- olivopontocerebellar atrophies
--- paraneoplastic syndromes, nervous system
--- lambert-eaton myasthenic syndromeLambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome
Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome is a rare autoimmune disorder that is characterised by muscle weakness of the limbs...
--- limbic encephalitis
Limbic encephalitis
Limbic encephalitis is a form of encephalitis.In a small number of cases, the pathogens responsible for encephalitis attack primarily the limbic system , often causing memory deficits similar to those observed in Alzheimer's disease or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Limbic encephalitis is a form of...
--- myelitis, transverse --- paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration is a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with lung, ovarian, breast, and other cancers.As is the case with other paraneoplastic syndromes, PCD is believed to be due to an autoimmune reaction targeted against components of the central nervous system...
--- paraneoplastic polyneuropathy
--- prion diseases
--- encephalopathy, bovine spongiform --- gerstmann-straussler-scheinker disease --- insomnia, fatal familial --- kuru --- scrapieScrapie
Scrapie is a fatal, degenerative disease that affects the nervous systems of sheep and goats. It is one of several transmissible spongiform encephalopathies , which are related to bovine spongiform encephalopathy and chronic wasting disease of deer. Like other spongiform encephalopathies, scrapie...
--- wasting disease, chronic
--- tauopathies
--- alzheimer disease --- supranuclear palsy, progressive--- cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea
--- dyskinesias
--- ataxiaAtaxia
Ataxia is a neurological sign and symptom that consists of gross lack of coordination of muscle movements. Ataxia is a non-specific clinical manifestation implying dysfunction of the parts of the nervous system that coordinate movement, such as the cerebellum...
--- cerebellar ataxia
Cerebellar ataxia
Cerebellar ataxia is a form of ataxia originating in the cerebellum.-References:...
--- spinocerebellar ataxias --- ataxia telangiectasia
Ataxia telangiectasia
Ataxia telangiectasia is a rare, neurodegenerative, inherited disease that affects many parts of the body and causes severe disability. Ataxia refers to poor coordination and telangiectasia to small dilated blood vessels, both of which are hallmarks of the disease...
--- machado-joseph disease
Machado-Joseph disease
Machado–Joseph disease or Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 is a rare autosomal, dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disease that causes progressive cerebellar ataxia, which results in a lack of muscle control and coordination of the upper and lower extremities...
--- gait ataxia --- athetosis
Athetosis
Athetosis is a symptom characterized by involuntary convoluted, writhing movements of the fingers, arms, legs, and neck. Movements typical of athetosis are sometimes called athetoid movements. Lesions to the brain are most often the direct cause of the symptoms, particularly to thecorpus striatum...
--- catalepsy
Catalepsy
Catalepsy is also a term used by hypnotists to refer to the state of making a hypnotised subject's arm, leg or back rigid. "Arm catalepsy" is often a pre-hypnotic test performed prior to an induction into a full trance.-Causes:...
--- chorea --- dystonia
Dystonia
Dystonia is a neurological movement disorder, in which sustained muscle contractions cause twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures. The disorder may be hereditary or caused by other factors such as birth-related or other physical trauma, infection, poisoning or reaction to...
--- torticollis
Torticollis
Torticollis, or wryneck, is a stiff neck associated with muscle spasm, classically causing lateral flexion contracture of the cervical spine musculature...
--- hyperkinesis
Hyperkinesis
Hyperkinesia, also known as hyperkinesis, refers to an increase in muscular activity that can result in excessive abnormal movements, excessive normal movements, or a combination of both...
--- hypokinesia
Hypokinesia
Hypokinesia refers to decreased bodily movement. It is associated with basal ganglia diseases , mental health disorders and prolonged inactivity due to illness, amongst other diseases.Hypokinesia describes a spectrum of disorders:...
--- myoclonus
Myoclonus
Myoclonus is brief, involuntary twitching of a muscle or a group of muscles. It describes a medical sign and, generally, is not a diagnosis of a disease. Brief twitches are perfectly normal. The myoclonic twitches are usually caused by sudden muscle contractions; they also can result from brief...
--- psychomotor agitation
Psychomotor agitation
Psychomotor agitation is a series of unintentional and purposeless motions that stem from mental tension and anxiety of an individual. This includes pacing around a room, wringing one's hands, pulling off clothing and putting it back on and other similar actions...
--- synkinesis
Synkinesis
Synkinesis is the result from miswiring of nerves after trauma. This result is manifested through involuntary muscular movements accompanying voluntary movements...
--- tics --- tremor
Tremor
A tremor is an involuntary, somewhat rhythmic, muscle contraction and relaxation involving to-and-fro movements of one or more body parts. It is the most common of all involuntary movements and can affect the hands, arms, eyes, face, head, vocal folds, trunk, and legs. Most tremors occur in the...
--- gait disorders, neurologic
--- gait apraxia --- gait ataxia--- neurobehavioral manifestations
--- catatoniaCatatonia
Catatonia is a state of neurogenic motor immobility, and behavioral abnormality manifested by stupor. It was first described in 1874: Die Katatonie oder das Spannungsirresein ....
--- communication disorders --- language disorders --- agraphia --- anomia --- dyslexia
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a very broad term defining a learning disability that impairs a person's fluency or comprehension accuracy in being able to read, and which can manifest itself as a difficulty with phonological awareness, phonological decoding, orthographic coding, auditory short-term memory, or rapid...
--- dyslexia, acquired --- alexia, pure --- language development disorders --- speech disorders --- aphasia
Aphasia
Aphasia is an impairment of language ability. This class of language disorder ranges from having difficulty remembering words to being completely unable to speak, read, or write....
--- aphasia, broca --- aphasia, conduction --- aphasia, primary progressive --- aphasia, wernicke --- articulation disorders --- dysarthria
Dysarthria
Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder resulting from neurological injury of the motor component of the motor-speech system and is characterized by poor articulation of phonemes...
--- echolalia
Echolalia
Echolalia is the automatic repetition of vocalizations made by another person. It is closely related to echopraxia, the automatic repetition of movements made by another person....
--- mutism --- stuttering
Stuttering
Stuttering , also known as stammering , is a speech disorder in which the flow of speech is disrupted by involuntary repetitions and prolongations of sounds, syllables, words or phrases, and involuntary silent pauses or blocks in which the stutterer is unable to produce sounds...
--- learning disorders --- dyslexia
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a very broad term defining a learning disability that impairs a person's fluency or comprehension accuracy in being able to read, and which can manifest itself as a difficulty with phonological awareness, phonological decoding, orthographic coding, auditory short-term memory, or rapid...
--- dyslexia, acquired --- confusion
ConFusion
ConFusion is an annual science fiction convention organized by the Stilyagi Air Corps and its parent organization, the Ann Arbor Science Fiction Association. Commonly, it is held the third weekend of January. It is the oldest science fiction convention in Michigan, a regional, general SF con...
--- delirium
Delirium
Delirium or acute confusional state is a common and severe neuropsychiatric syndrome with core features of acute onset and fluctuating course, attentional deficits and generalized severe disorganization of behavior...
--- consciousness disorders --- unconsciousness
Unconsciousness
Unconsciousness is the condition of being not conscious—in a mental state that involves complete or near-complete lack of responsiveness to people and other environmental stimuli. Being in a comatose state or coma is a type of unconsciousness. Fainting due to a drop in blood pressure and a...
--- coma
Coma
In medicine, a coma is a state of unconsciousness, lasting more than 6 hours in which a person cannot be awakened, fails to respond normally to painful stimuli, light or sound, lacks a normal sleep-wake cycle and does not initiate voluntary actions. A person in a state of coma is described as...
--- brain death
Brain death
Brain death is the irreversible end of all brain activity due to total necrosis of the cerebral neurons following loss of brain oxygenation. It should not be confused with a persistent vegetative state...
--- coma, post-head injury --- insulin coma --- persistent vegetative state
Persistent vegetative state
A persistent vegetative state is a disorder of consciousness in which patients with severe brain damage are in a state of partial arousal rather than true awareness. It is a diagnosis of some uncertainty in that it deals with a syndrome. After four weeks in a vegetative state , the patient is...
--- syncope
Syncope
In phonology, syncope is the loss of one or more sounds from the interior of a word; especially, the loss of an unstressed vowel. It is found bothin Synchronic analysis of languages and Diachronics .-Found synchronically:...
--- syncope, vasovagal --- memory disorders --- amnesia
Amnesia
Amnesia is a condition in which one's memory is lost. The causes of amnesia have traditionally been divided into categories. Memory appears to be stored in several parts of the limbic system of the brain, and any condition that interferes with the function of this system can cause amnesia...
--- amnesia, anterograde --- amnesia, retrograde --- amnesia, transient global --- korsakoff syndrome --- mental retardation
Mental retardation
Mental retardation is a generalized disorder appearing before adulthood, characterized by significantly impaired cognitive functioning and deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors...
--- cri-du-chat syndrome --- de lange syndrome --- down syndrome
Down syndrome
Down syndrome, or Down's syndrome, trisomy 21, is a chromosomal condition caused by the presence of all or part of an extra 21st chromosome. It is named after John Langdon Down, the British physician who described the syndrome in 1866. The condition was clinically described earlier in the 19th...
--- mental retardation, x-linked --- adrenoleukodystrophy
Adrenoleukodystrophy
Adrenoleukodystrophy is a rare, inherited disorder that leads to progressive brain damage, failure of the adrenal glands and eventually death. ALD is a disease in a group of genetic disorders called leukodystrophies, whose chief feature is damage to myelin...
--- coffin-lowry syndrome
Coffin-Lowry syndrome
Coffin-Lowry syndrome is a genetic disorder that is X-linked dominant and which causes severe mental problems sometimes associated with abnormalities of growth, cardiac abnormalities, kyphoscoliosis, as well as auditory and visual abnormalities.-History:...
--- fragile x syndrome
Fragile X syndrome
Fragile X syndrome , Martin–Bell syndrome, or Escalante's syndrome , is a genetic syndrome that is the most commonly known single-gene cause of autism and the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability...
--- glycogen storage disease type iib --- lesch-nyhan syndrome
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
Lesch–Nyhan syndrome , also known as Nyhan's syndrome, Kelley-Seegmiller syndrome and Juvenile gout, is a rare inherited disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase , produced by mutations in the HPRT gene located on X chromosome. LNS affects about...
--- menkes kinky hair syndrome --- mucopolysaccharidosis ii --- pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency disease --- rett syndrome
Rett syndrome
Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder of the grey matter of the brain that almost exclusively affects females. The clinical features include small hands and feet and a deceleration of the rate of head growth . Repetitive hand movements, such as wringing and/or repeatedly putting hands into...
--- prader-willi syndrome
Prader-Willi syndrome
Prader–Willi syndrome is a rare genetic disorder in which seven genes on chromosome 15 are deleted or unexpressed on the paternal chromosome...
--- rubinstein-taybi syndrome
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome , also known as broad thumb-hallux syndrome or Rubinstein syndrome, is a condition characterized by short stature, moderate to severe learning difficulties, distinctive facial features, and broad thumbs and first toes. Other features of the disorder vary among affected...
--- wagr syndrome
WAGR syndrome
WAGR syndrome is a rare genetic syndrome in which affected children are predisposed to develop Wilms tumour , Aniridia , Genitourinary anomalies, and mental Retardation...
--- williams syndrome
Williams syndrome
Williams syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a distinctive, "elfin" facial appearance, along with a low nasal bridge; an unusually cheerful demeanor and ease with strangers; developmental delay coupled with strong language skills; and cardiovascular problems, such as...
--- perceptual disorders --- agnosia
Agnosia
Agnosia is a loss of ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds, shapes, or smells while the specific sense is not defective nor is there any significant memory loss...
--- gerstmann syndrome
Gerstmann syndrome
Gerstmann syndrome is a neurological disorder that is characterized by a constellation of symptoms that suggests the presence of a lesion in a particular area of the brain...
--- prosopagnosia
Prosopagnosia
Prosopagnosia is a disorder of face perception where the ability to recognize faces is impaired, while the ability to recognize other objects may be relatively intact...
--- auditory perceptual disorders --- hallucinations --- illusions --- phantom limb
Phantom limb
A phantom limb is the sensation that an amputated or missing limb is still attached to the body and is moving appropriately with other body parts. 2 out of 3 combat veterans report this feeling. Approximately 60 to 80% of individuals with an amputation experience phantom sensations in their...
--- psychomotor disorders
Psychomotor disorders
*Psychomotor retardation comprises a slowing down of thought and a reduction of physical movements in a person.*Psychomotor agitation is a series of unintentional and purposeless motions that stem from mental tension and anxiety of an individual....
--- apraxias --- apraxia, ideomotor --- gait apraxia --- psychomotor agitation
Psychomotor agitation
Psychomotor agitation is a series of unintentional and purposeless motions that stem from mental tension and anxiety of an individual. This includes pacing around a room, wringing one's hands, pulling off clothing and putting it back on and other similar actions...
--- neuromuscular manifestations
--- fasciculationFasciculation
A fasciculation , or "muscle twitch", is a small, local, involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation visible under the skin arising from the spontaneous discharge of a bundle of skeletal muscle fibers...
--- muscle cramp --- muscle hypertonia --- muscle rigidity --- muscle spasticity --- muscle hypotonia --- muscle weakness
Muscle weakness
Muscle weakness or myasthenia is a lack of muscle strength. The causes are many and can be divided into conditions that have true or perceived muscle weakness...
--- muscular atrophy --- myokymia
Myokymia
Myokymia, is an involuntary, spontaneous, localized quivering of a few muscles bundles within a muscle, but which are insufficient to move a joint.One type is superior oblique myokymia....
--- myotonia
Myotonia
Myotonia is a symptom of a small handful of certain neuromuscular disorders characterized by the slow relaxation of the muscles after voluntary contraction or electrical stimulation. Generally, repeated effort is needed to relax the muscles, and the condition improves after the muscles have warmed...
--- spasm
Spasm
In medicine a spasm is a sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ, or a similarly sudden contraction of an orifice. It is sometimes accompanied by a sudden burst of pain, but is usually harmless and ceases after a few minutes...
--- hemifacial spasm
Hemifacial spasm
Hemifacial spasm or HFS is a neurological disorder in which blood vessels constrict the seventh cranial nerve and cause varying degrees of facial spasm, typically originating around the eye of the afflicted side of the face...
--- trismus
Trismus
-Common causes:*Pericoronitis is the most common cause of trismus.*Inflammation of muscles of mastication. It is a frequent sequel to surgical removal of mandibular third molars . The condition is usually resolved on its own in 10–14 days, during which time eating and oral hygiene are compromised...
--- tetany
Tetany
Tetany has two meanings, though both are related to the muscular system.* Tetany * Tetany The terms "tetany" and "tetanus" are distinct....
--- painPainPain is an unpleasant sensation often caused by intense or damaging stimuli such as stubbing a toe, burning a finger, putting iodine on a cut, and bumping the "funny bone."...
--- back painBack pain
Back pain is pain felt in the back that usually originates from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine.The pain can often be divided into neck pain, upper back pain, lower back pain or tailbone pain...
--- low back pain
Low back pain
Low back pain or lumbago is a common musculoskeletal disorder affecting 80% of people at some point in their lives. In the United States it is the most common cause of job-related disability, a leading contributor to missed work, and the second most common neurological ailment — only headache is...
--- facial pain --- headache
Headache
A headache or cephalalgia is pain anywhere in the region of the head or neck. It can be a symptom of a number of different conditions of the head and neck. The brain tissue itself is not sensitive to pain because it lacks pain receptors. Rather, the pain is caused by disturbance of the...
--- labor pain --- metatarsalgia
Metatarsalgia
Metatarsalgia is a general term used to refer to any painful foot condition affecting the metatarsal region of the foot. This is a common problem that can affect the joints and bones of the metatarsals. Metatarsalgia is most often localized to the first metatarsal head...
--- neck pain
Neck pain
Neck pain is a common problem, with two-thirds of the population having neck pain at some point in their lives.Neck pain, although felt in the neck, can be caused by numerous other spinal problems. Neck pain may arise due to muscular tightness in both the neck and upper back, or pinching of the...
--- neuralgia
Neuralgia
Neuralgia is pain in one or more nerves that occurs without stimulation of pain receptor cells. Neuralgia pain is produced by a change in neurological structure or function rather than by the excitation of pain receptors that causes nociceptive pain. Neuralgia falls into two categories: central...
--- neuralgia, postherpetic --- sciatica
Sciatica
Sciatica is a set of symptoms including pain that may be caused by general compression or irritation of one of five spinal nerve roots that give rise to each sciatic nerve, or by compression or irritation of the left or right or both sciatic nerves. The pain is felt in the lower back, buttock, or...
--- pain, intractable
--- paralysisParalysisParalysis is loss of muscle function for one or more muscles. Paralysis can be accompanied by a loss of feeling in the affected area if there is sensory damage as well as motor. A study conducted by the Christopher & Dana Reeve Foundation, suggests that about 1 in 50 people have been diagnosed...
--- facial paralysis --- hemiplegiaHemiplegia
Hemiplegia /he.mə.pliː.dʒiə/ is total paralysis of the arm, leg, and trunk on the same side of the body. Hemiplegia is more severe than hemiparesis, wherein one half of the body has less marked weakness....
--- ophthalmoplegia --- ophthalmoplegia, chronic progressive external --- supranuclear palsy, progressive --- paraplegia
Paraplegia
Paraplegia is an impairment in motor or sensory function of the lower extremities. The word comes from Ionic Greek: παραπληγίη "half-striking". It is usually the result of spinal cord injury or a congenital condition such as spina bifida that affects the neural elements of the spinal canal...
--- brown-sequard syndrome
Brown-Séquard syndrome
Brown-Séquard syndrome, also known as Brown-Séquard's hemiplegia and Brown-Séquard's paralysis, is a loss of sensation and motor function that is caused by the lateral hemisection of the spinal cord...
--- pseudobulbar palsy
Pseudobulbar palsy
Pseudobulbar palsy results from an upper motor neuron lesion to the corticobulbar pathways in the pyramidal tract. Patients have difficulty chewing, swallowing and demonstrate slurred speech...
--- quadriplegia
Quadriplegia
Tetraplegia, also known as quadriplegia, is paralysis caused by illness or injury to a human that results in the partial or total loss of use of all their limbs and torso; paraplegia is similar but does not affect the arms...
--- respiratory paralysis --- vocal cord paralysis
--- paresisParesisParesis is a condition typified by partial loss of voluntary movement or by impaired movement. When used without qualifiers, it usually refers to the limbs, but it also can be used to describe the muscles of the eyes , the stomach , and also the vocal cords...
--- paraparesis --- paraparesis, spastic--- pupil disorders
--- anisocoriaAnisocoria
-Causes:In the absence of the iris or eyeball proper, anisocoria is usually the result of a defect in efferent nervous pathways controlling the pupil traveling in the oculomotor nerve or the sympathetic pathways...
--- miosis
Miosis
Miosis is the constriction of the pupil of the eye to two millimeters or less...
--- horner syndrome --- tonic pupil
--- sensation disorders
--- dizzinessDizziness
Dizziness refers to an impairment in spatial perception and stability. The term is somewhat imprecise. It can be used to mean vertigo, presyncope, disequilibrium, or a non-specific feeling such as giddiness or foolishness....
--- hearing disorders --- hearing loss --- deafness --- hearing loss, bilateral --- hearing loss, conductive --- hearing loss, functional --- hearing loss, high-frequency --- hearing loss, mixed conductive-sensorineural --- hearing loss, sensorineural --- hearing loss, central --- hearing loss, noise-induced --- presbycusis
Presbycusis
Presbycusis, or age-related hearing loss, is the cumulative effect of aging on hearing. Also known as presbyacusis, it is defined as a progressive bilateral symmetrical age-related sensorineural hearing loss. The hearing loss is most marked at higher frequencies...
--- usher syndromes --- hearing loss, sudden --- hearing loss, unilateral --- hyperacusis
Hyperacusis
Hyperacusis is a health condition characterized by an over-sensitivity to certain frequency ranges of sound...
--- tinnitus
Tinnitus
Tinnitus |ringing]]") is the perception of sound within the human ear in the absence of corresponding external sound.Tinnitus is not a disease, but a symptom that can result from a wide range of underlying causes: abnormally loud sounds in the ear canal for even the briefest period , ear...
--- olfaction disorders --- somatosensory disorders --- hyperalgesia
Hyperalgesia
Hyperalgesia is an increased sensitivity to pain, which may be caused by damage to nociceptors or peripheral nerves. Temporary increased sensitivity to pain also occurs as part of sickness behavior, the evolved response to infection.-Types:...
--- hyperesthesia
Hyperesthesia
Hyperesthesia is a condition that involves an abnormal increase in sensitivity to stimuli of the sense. "When a non-noxious stimulus causes the sensation of pain the area will be termed hyperaesthetic". Stimuli of the senses can include sound that one hears, foods that one tastes, textures that...
--- hypesthesia --- paresthesia
Paresthesia
Paresthesia , spelled "paraesthesia" in British English, is a sensation of tingling, burning, pricking, or numbness of a person's skin with no apparent long-term physical effect. It is more generally known as the feeling of "pins and needles" or of a limb "falling asleep"...
--- taste disorders --- ageusia
Ageusia
Ageusia is the loss of taste functions of the tongue, particularly the inability to detect sweetness, sourness, bitterness, saltiness, and umami . It is sometimes confused with anosmia - a loss of the sense of smell...
--- dysgeusia
Dysgeusia
Dysgeusia is the distortion of the sense of taste. Dysgeusia is also often associated with ageusia, which is the complete lack of taste, and hypogeusia, which is the decrease in taste sensitivity. An alteration in taste or smell may be a secondary process in various disease states, or it may be...
--- vision disorders --- amblyopia
Amblyopia
Amblyopia, also known as lazy eye, is a disorder of the visual system that is characterized by a vision deficiency in an eye that is otherwise physically normal, or out of proportion to associated structural abnormalities of the eye...
--- blindness
Blindness
Blindness is the condition of lacking visual perception due to physiological or neurological factors.Various scales have been developed to describe the extent of vision loss and define blindness...
--- amaurosis fugax
Amaurosis fugax
Amaurosis fugax is a transient monocular visual loss.-Pathophysiology and etiology:...
--- blindness, cortical --- color vision defects --- diplopia
Diplopia
Diplopia, commonly known as double vision, is the simultaneous perception of two images of a single object that may be displaced horizontally, vertically, or diagonally in relation to each other...
--- hemianopsia
Hemianopsia
Hemianopia, or hemianopsia, is a type of anopsia where the decreased vision or blindness takes place in half the visual field of one or both eyes. In most cases, the visual field loss respects the vertical midline...
--- photophobia
Photophobia
Photophobia is a symptom of abnormal intolerance to visual perception of light. As a medical symptom photophobia is not a morbid fear or phobia, but an experience of discomfort or pain to the eyes due to light exposure or by presence of actual physical photosensitivity of the eyes, though the term...
--- scotoma
Scotoma
A scotoma is an area of partial alteration in one's field of vision consisting of a partially diminished or entirely degenerated visual acuity which is surrounded by a field of normal - or relatively well-preserved - vision.Every normal mammalian eye has a scotoma in its field of vision, usually...
--- vision, low
--- voice disorders
--- aphoniaAphonia
Aphonia is the inability to speak. It is considered more severe than dysphonia. A primary cause of aphonia is bilateral disruption of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, which supplies nearly all the muscles in the larynx...
--- hoarseness
--- motor neuron disease
--- amyotrophic lateral sclerosisAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , also referred to as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a form of motor neuron disease caused by the degeneration of upper and lower neurons, located in the ventral horn of the spinal cord and the cortical neurons that provide their efferent input...
--- bulbar palsy, progressive --- muscular atrophy, spinal --- spinal muscular atrophies of childhood
Spinal muscular atrophies of childhood
Survival motor neuron spinal muscular atrophy is a term used used to describe certain forms of spinal muscular atrophy that are associated with the Survival of Motor Neuron protein...
--- poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an acute viral infectious disease spread from person to person, primarily via the fecal-oral route...
--- postpoliomyelitis syndrome
--- muscular atrophy, spinal
--- spinal muscular atrophies of childhoodSpinal muscular atrophies of childhood
Survival motor neuron spinal muscular atrophy is a term used used to describe certain forms of spinal muscular atrophy that are associated with the Survival of Motor Neuron protein...
--- muscular diseases
--- muscular disorders, atrophic --- muscular dystrophies --- distal myopathies --- muscular dystrophies, limb-girdle --- muscular dystrophy, duchenne --- muscular dystrophy, emery-dreifuss --- muscular dystrophy, facioscapulohumeral --- muscular dystrophy, oculopharyngeal --- myotonic dystrophyMyotonic dystrophy
Myotonic dystrophy is a chronic, slowly progressing, highly variable inherited multisystemic disease. It is characterized by wasting of the muscles , cataracts, heart conduction defects, endocrine changes, and myotonia. Myotonic dystrophy can occur in patients of any age...
--- postpoliomyelitis syndrome --- eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome
Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome
Eosinophilia–myalgia syndrome is an incurable and sometimes fatal flu-like neurological condition that is believed to have been caused by ingestion of poorly produced L-tryptophan supplements...
--- fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia is a medical disorder characterized by chronic widespread pain and allodynia, a heightened and painful response to pressure. It is an example of a diagnosis of exclusion...
--- mitochondrial myopathies --- mitochondrial encephalomyopathies --- melas syndrome --- merrf syndrome
MERRF syndrome
MERRF syndrome is a mitochondrial disease. It is extremely rare, with an estimated prevalence of 1/400,000 in Europe, and has varying degrees of expressivity owing to heteroplasmy-Presentation:...
--- ophthalmoplegia, chronic progressive external --- kearns-sayer syndrome --- myopathies, structural, congenital --- myopathies, nemaline --- myopathy, central core --- myositis
Myositis
Myositis is a general term for inflammation of the muscles. Many such conditions are considered likely to be caused by autoimmune conditions, rather than directly due to infection It is also a documented side effect of the lipid-lowering drugs statins and fibrates.Elevation of creatine kinase in...
--- dermatomyositis
Dermatomyositis
Dermatomyositis is a connective-tissue disease related to polymyositis and Bramaticosis that is characterized by inflammation of the muscles and the skin.- Causes :...
--- myositis, inclusion body --- polymyositis
Polymyositis
Polymyositis is a type of chronic inflammation of the muscles related to dermatomyositis and inclusion body myositis.-Signs and symptoms:...
--- dermatomyositis
Dermatomyositis
Dermatomyositis is a connective-tissue disease related to polymyositis and Bramaticosis that is characterized by inflammation of the muscles and the skin.- Causes :...
--- myotonic disorders --- myotonia congenita
Myotonia congenita
Congenital myotonia is a genetic, neuromuscular channelopathy that affects skeletal muscles . It is congenital, meaning that it is present from birth. Amongst other problems, it causes delayed relaxation of the muscles and rigidity...
--- myotonic dystrophy
Myotonic dystrophy
Myotonic dystrophy is a chronic, slowly progressing, highly variable inherited multisystemic disease. It is characterized by wasting of the muscles , cataracts, heart conduction defects, endocrine changes, and myotonia. Myotonic dystrophy can occur in patients of any age...
--- paralyses, familial periodic --- hypokalemic periodic paralysis
Hypokalemic periodic paralysis
Hypokalemic periodic paralysis is a rare channelopathy characterized by muscle weakness or paralysis with a matching fall in potassium levels in the blood...
--- paralysis, hyperkalemic periodic
--- muscular disorders, atrophic
--- postpoliomyelitis syndrome--- neuromuscular junction diseases
--- botulismBotulism
Botulism also known as botulinus intoxication is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by botulinum toxin which is metabolic waste produced under anaerobic conditions by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, and affecting a wide range of mammals, birds and fish...
--- lambert-eaton myasthenic syndrome
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome
Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome is a rare autoimmune disorder that is characterised by muscle weakness of the limbs...
--- myasthenia gravis
Myasthenia gravis
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease leading to fluctuating muscle weakness and fatiguability...
--- myasthenia gravis, autoimmune, experimental --- myasthenia gravis, neonatal --- myasthenic syndromes, congenital
--- peripheral nervous system diseases
--- acrodynia --- amyloid neuropathies --- amyloid neuropathies, familial --- brachial plexus neuropathies --- brachial plexus neuritis --- complex regional pain syndromes --- causalgia --- reflex sympathetic dystrophy --- diabetic neuropathies --- guillain-barre syndromeGuillain-Barré syndrome
Guillain–Barré syndrome , sometimes called Landry's paralysis, is an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy , a disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system. Ascending paralysis, weakness beginning in the feet and hands and migrating towards the trunk, is the most typical symptom...
--- miller fisher syndrome --- isaacs syndrome --- mononeuropathies --- femoral neuropathy --- median neuropathy --- carpal tunnel syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is an entrapment idiopathic median neuropathy, causing paresthesia, pain, and other symptoms in the distribution of the median nerve due to its compression at the wrist in the carpal tunnel. The pathophysiology is not completely understood but can be considered compression...
--- peroneal neuropathies --- radial neuropathy --- sciatic neuropathy --- sciatica
Sciatica
Sciatica is a set of symptoms including pain that may be caused by general compression or irritation of one of five spinal nerve roots that give rise to each sciatic nerve, or by compression or irritation of the left or right or both sciatic nerves. The pain is felt in the lower back, buttock, or...
--- tibial neuropathy --- tarsal tunnel syndrome
Tarsal tunnel syndrome
Tarsal tunnel syndrome , also known as posterior tibial neuralgia, is compression neuropathy and a painful foot condition in which the tibial nerve is impinged and compressed as it travels through the tarsal tunnel. TTS is a compression syndrome of the tibial nerve within the tarsal tunnel...
--- ulnar neuropathies --- cubital tunnel syndrome --- ulnar nerve compression syndromes --- nerve compression syndromes --- carpal tunnel syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is an entrapment idiopathic median neuropathy, causing paresthesia, pain, and other symptoms in the distribution of the median nerve due to its compression at the wrist in the carpal tunnel. The pathophysiology is not completely understood but can be considered compression...
--- tarsal tunnel syndrome
Tarsal tunnel syndrome
Tarsal tunnel syndrome , also known as posterior tibial neuralgia, is compression neuropathy and a painful foot condition in which the tibial nerve is impinged and compressed as it travels through the tarsal tunnel. TTS is a compression syndrome of the tibial nerve within the tarsal tunnel...
--- thoracic outlet syndrome
Thoracic outlet syndrome
Thoracic outlet syndrome is a syndrome involving compression at the superior thoracic outlet involving compression of a neurovascular bundle passing between the anterior scalene and middle scalene...
--- cervical rib syndrome --- ulnar nerve compression syndromes --- cubital tunnel syndrome --- neuralgia
Neuralgia
Neuralgia is pain in one or more nerves that occurs without stimulation of pain receptor cells. Neuralgia pain is produced by a change in neurological structure or function rather than by the excitation of pain receptors that causes nociceptive pain. Neuralgia falls into two categories: central...
--- causalgia --- neuralgia, postherpetic --- sciatica
Sciatica
Sciatica is a set of symptoms including pain that may be caused by general compression or irritation of one of five spinal nerve roots that give rise to each sciatic nerve, or by compression or irritation of the left or right or both sciatic nerves. The pain is felt in the lower back, buttock, or...
--- neuritis --- brachial plexus neuritis --- neuritis, autoimmune, experimental --- neurofibromatosis 1 --- pain insensitivity, congenital --- peripheral nervous system neoplasms --- nerve sheath neoplasms --- neurilemmoma --- neurofibroma
Neurofibroma
A neurofibroma is a benign nerve sheath tumor in the peripheral nervous system. Usually found in individuals with neurofibromatosis type I , an autosomal dominant genetically-inherited disease, they can result in a range of symptoms from physical disfiguration and pain to cognitive disability...
--- neurofibroma, plexiform --- neurofibrosarcoma --- polyneuropathies --- alcoholic neuropathy --- hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies --- charcot-marie-tooth disease
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease- , known also as Morbus Charcot-Marie-Tooth, Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy, hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy , hereditary sensorimotor neuropathy , or peroneal muscular atrophy, is an inherited disorder of nerves that takes different forms...
--- refsum disease --- spastic paraplegia, hereditary --- hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies --- dysautonomia, familial --- paraneoplastic polyneuropathy --- poems syndrome
POEMS syndrome
POEMS syndrome is a rare medical syndrome. It is defined as the combination of a plasma-cell proliferative disorder , polyneuropathy, and effects on many other organ systems. It begins in middle age – the average age at onset is 50 – and affects up to twice as many men as women...
--- polyradiculoneuropathy
Polyradiculoneuropathy
Polyradiculoneuropathy describes a condition in which polyneuropathy and polyradiculopathy occur together. An example is Guillain-Barré syndrome....
--- guillain-barre syndrome
Guillain-Barré syndrome
Guillain–Barré syndrome , sometimes called Landry's paralysis, is an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy , a disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system. Ascending paralysis, weakness beginning in the feet and hands and migrating towards the trunk, is the most typical symptom...
--- miller fisher syndrome --- hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies --- dysautonomia, familial --- polyradiculoneuropathy, chronic inflammatory demyelinating --- polyradiculopathy --- radiculopathy
Radiculopathy
Radiculopathy is not a specific condition, but rather a description of a problem in which one or more nerves are affected and do not work properly . The emphasis is on the nerve root...
--- tangier disease
Tangier disease
Tangier disease is a rare inherited disorder characterized by a severe reduction in the amount of high density lipoprotein , often referred to as "good cholesterol," in the bloodstream.-Diagnosis:...
--- alcohol-induced disorders, nervous system
--- alcohol amnestic disorder --- korsakoff syndrome --- alcohol withdrawal delirium --- alcohol withdrawal seizures --- alcoholic neuropathy--- heavy metal poisoning, nervous system
--- arsenic poisoningArsenic poisoning
Arsenic poisoning is a medical condition caused by increased levels of the element arsenic in the body. Arsenic interferes with cellular longevity by allosteric inhibition of an essential metabolic enzyme...
--- lead poisoning, nervous system --- lead poisoning, nervous system, adult --- lead poisoning, nervous system, childhood --- manganese poisoning --- mercury poisoning, nervous system --- acrodynia
--- neuroleptic malignant syndromeNeuroleptic malignant syndromeNeuroleptic malignant syndrome is a life- threatening neurological disorder most often caused by an adverse reaction to neuroleptic or antipsychotic drugs...
--- dyssomnias
--- sleep deprivationSleep deprivation
Sleep deprivation is the condition of not having enough sleep; it can be either chronic or acute. A chronic sleep-restricted state can cause fatigue, daytime sleepiness, clumsiness and weight loss or weight gain. It adversely affects the brain and cognitive function. Few studies have compared the...
--- sleep disorders, circadian rhythm --- jet lag syndrome --- sleep disorders, intrinsic --- disorders of excessive somnolence --- hypersomnolence, idiopathic --- kleine-levin syndrome
Kleine-Levin syndrome
Kleine-Levin Syndrome or KLS is aneurological disorder characterized by recurring periods of excessive amounts of sleeping and eating. At the onset of an episode the patient becomes drowsy and sleeps for most of the day and night , waking only to eat or go to the bathroom...
--- narcolepsy
Narcolepsy
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder, or dyssomnia, characterized by excessive sleepiness and sleep attacks at inappropriate times, such as while at work. People with narcolepsy often experience disturbed nocturnal sleep and an abnormal daytime sleep pattern, which often is confused with insomnia...
--- cataplexy
Cataplexy
Cataplexy is a sudden and transient episode of loss of muscle tone, often triggered by emotions. It is a rare disease , but affects roughly 70% of people who have narcolepsy...
--- nocturnal myoclonus syndrome --- restless legs syndrome
Restless legs syndrome
Restless legs syndrome or Willis-Ekbom disease is a neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move one's body to stop uncomfortable or odd sensations. It most commonly affects the legs, but can affect the arms, torso, and even phantom limbs...
--- sleep apnea syndromes --- sleep apnea, central --- sleep apnea, obstructive --- obesity hypoventilation syndrome --- sleep initiation and maintenance disorders --- insomnia, fatal familial
--- parasomnias
--- nocturnal myoclonus syndrome --- nocturnal paroxysmal dystonia --- rem sleep parasomnias --- rem sleep behavior disorder --- sleep paralysisSleep paralysis
Sleep paralysis is paralysis associated with sleep that may occur in healthy persons or may be associated with narcolepsy, cataplexy, and hypnagogic hallucinations. The pathophysiology of this condition is closely related to the normal hypotonia that occurs during REM sleep. When considered to be a...
--- restless legs syndrome
Restless legs syndrome
Restless legs syndrome or Willis-Ekbom disease is a neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move one's body to stop uncomfortable or odd sensations. It most commonly affects the legs, but can affect the arms, torso, and even phantom limbs...
--- sleep arousal disorders --- night terrors --- somnambulism --- sleep bruxism --- sleep-wake transition disorders
--- cerebrovascular trauma
--- carotid artery injuries --- carotid artery, internal, dissection --- carotid-cavernous sinus fistula --- vertebral artery dissectionVertebral artery dissection
Vertebral artery dissection is a dissection of the inner lining of the vertebral artery, which is located in the neck and supplies blood to the brain. After the tear, blood enters the arterial wall and forms a blood clot, thickening the artery wall and often impeding blood flow...
--- craniocerebral trauma
--- brain injuries --- brain concussion --- post-concussion syndromePost-concussion syndrome
Post-concussion syndrome, also known as postconcussive syndrome or PCS, and historically called shell shock, is a set of symptoms that a person may experience for weeks, months, or occasionally up to a year or more after a concussion – a mild form of traumatic brain injury . PCS may also...
--- brain hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain stem hemorrhage, traumatic --- cerebral hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain injury, chronic --- diffuse axonal injury
Diffuse axonal injury
Diffuse axonal injury is one of the most common and devastating types of traumatic brain injury, meaning that damage occurs over a more widespread area than in focal brain injury. DAI, which refers to extensive lesions in white matter tracts, is one of the major causes of unconsciousness and...
--- epilepsy, post-traumatic --- pneumocephalus
Pneumocephalus
Pneumocephalus is the presence of air or gas within the cranial cavity. It is usually associated with disruption of the skull: after head and facial trauma, tumors of the skull base, after neurosurgery or otorhinolaryngology, and rarely, spontaneously...
--- shaken baby syndrome
Shaken baby syndrome
Shaken baby syndrome is a triad of medical symptoms: subdural hematoma, retinal hemorrhage, and brain swelling from which doctors, consistent with current medical understanding, infer child abuse caused by intentional shaking...
--- cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea --- cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea --- coma, post-head injury --- cranial nerve injuries --- abducens nerve injury --- facial nerve injuries --- optic nerve injuries --- head injuries, closed --- brain concussion --- post-concussion syndrome
Post-concussion syndrome
Post-concussion syndrome, also known as postconcussive syndrome or PCS, and historically called shell shock, is a set of symptoms that a person may experience for weeks, months, or occasionally up to a year or more after a concussion – a mild form of traumatic brain injury . PCS may also...
--- head injuries, penetrating --- intracranial hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain hemorrhage, traumatic --- brain stem hemorrhage, traumatic --- cerebral hemorrhage, traumatic --- hematoma, epidural, cranial --- hematoma, subdural --- hematoma, subdural, acute --- hematoma, subdural, chronic --- hematoma, subdural, intracranial --- subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic --- skull fractures --- skull fracture, basilar --- skull fracture, depressed
--- spinal cord injuries
--- autonomic dysreflexiaAutonomic dysreflexia
Autonomic dysreflexia, "AD" also known as "autonomic hyperreflexia or Hyperreflexia, is a potentially life threatening condition which can be considered a medical emergency requiring immediate attention. AD occurs most often in spinal cord-injured individuals with spinal lesions above the T6 spinal...
--- central cord syndrome
Central cord syndrome
Central cord syndrome is an acute cervical spinal cord injury that can affect a large and diverse group of patients. It was first described by Schneider in 1954....