This is a list of Soviet tank factories.

This list includes the heavy steel manufacturing plants where main production and assembly of medium and heavy armoured vehicles took place, initiated first in the late 1920s as a prerequisite for the developing Red Army

Red Army

The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army started out as the Soviet Union's revolutionary communist combat groups during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the Soviet Union. By the 1930s the Red Army was among the largest armies in history.The "Red Army" name refers to...

 doctrine that called for large tank forces. It does not list the related facilities which fabricated components for them, the many lighter automotive industries which built light tracked vehicles and armoured cars in wartime, nor the armoured vehicle repair and overhaul plants.

Keeping track of the tank factories can be difficult. Many were based on pre-Soviet imperial Russian shipbuilding or locomotive factories, and may have changed names more than once. The majority were evacuated and consolidated in the Urals

Ural (region)

Ural is a geographical region located around the Ural Mountains, between the East European and West Siberian plains. It extends approximately from north to south, from the Arctic Ocean to the bend of Ural River near Orsk city. The boundary between Europe and Asia runs along the eastern side of...

 in the fall of 1941, shortly after the disastrous German invasion

Operation Barbarossa

Operation Barbarossa was the code name for Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II that began on 22 June 1941. Over 4.5 million troops of the Axis powers invaded the USSR along a front., the largest invasion in the history of warfare...

 of June 22. After World War II

World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

, some remained in their new location, others were moved back or re-established at other factories. Most were also known by military designation numbers as well as honorific names.

English translations of the factory names can also be confusing. In various sources, the Russian zavod (завод) is translated as 'factory', 'plant' or 'works', or simply transliterated.

Location	St Petersburg/Leningrad	Kharkiv Kharkiv Kharkiv or Kharkov is the second-largest city in Ukraine.The city was founded in 1654 and was a major centre of Ukrainian culture in the Russian Empire. Kharkiv became the first city in Ukraine where the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was proclaimed in December 1917 and Soviet government was... , Ukraine	St Petersburg/Leningrad	Nizhny Tagil Nizhny Tagil Nizhny Tagil is a city in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, situated east of the virtual border between Europe and Asia. Population: -History:...	Volgograd Volgograd Volgograd , formerly called Tsaritsyn and Stalingrad is an important industrial city and the administrative center of Volgograd Oblast, Russia. It is long, north to south, situated on the western bank of the Volga River... /Stalingrad	Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod , colloquially shortened to Nizhny, is, with the population of 1,250,615, the fifth largest city in Russia, ranking after Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, and Yekaterinburg... /Gorky	St Petersburg/Leningrad	Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburg is a major city in the central part of Russia, the administrative center of Sverdlovsk Oblast. Situated on the eastern side of the Ural mountain range, it is the main industrial and cultural center of the Urals Federal District with a population of 1,350,136 , making it Russia's... /Sverdlovsk	Chelyabinsk Chelyabinsk Chelyabinsk is a city and the administrative center of Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, located in the northwestern side of the oblast, south of Yekaterinburg, just to the east of the Ural Mountains, on the Miass River. Population: -History:...
Pre-Soviet name	Obukhovsky Works (SOOZ), 1863	Kharkov Locomotive Factory (KhPZ), 1895	Treasury iron foundry, 1801 Putilov Factory, 1868			Nizhny Novgorod Machine Factory, 1849
Early Soviet name	Bolshevik Factory No. 232, 1922	Kharkov Komintern Locomotive Factory, 1928 Factory No. 183, 1936	Red Putilovite Plant Kirov Plant The Kirov Plant Kirov Factory or Leningrad Kirov Plant is a major Russian machine-building plant in St. Petersburg, Russia.... , 1922 Kirovsky Factory No. 100, 1934	Dzerzhinsky Ural Railroad Car Works Uralvagonzavod Uralvagonzavod is a Russian machine building company located in Nizhny Tagil, Russia. It is one of the largest scientific and industrial complexes in Russia and the largest main battle tank manufacturer in the world....  (UVZ or Vagonka), 1936	Dzerzhinsky Stalingrad Tractor Factory (STZ), 1930	Krasnoye Sormovo Factory No. 112 Krasnoye Sormovo Factory No. 112 Krasnoye Sormovo Factory No. 112 named after Andrei Zhdanov was one of the oldest shipbuilding factories in the Soviet Union, located in theSormovsky City District of Nizhny Novgorod .- Early history:...  (Andrei Zhdanov), 1922	Factory No. 174 (K.E. Voroshilov) (Russian), Leningrad, 1932	Ordzhonikidze Ural Heavy Machine Building Plant Uralmash Uralmash is a heavy machine production facility of the Russian engineering corporation OMZ. The facility is located in Yekaterinburg, Russia. The surrounding residential area where workers live is also called Uralmash....  (UZTM, Uralmash), 1933	Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant also known as CTZ-Uraltrak is a tractor plant in the Russian city of Chelyabinsk.-History:The plant was founded in 1933; the first product was a 60 hp tracked tractor С-60 fueled by petroleum ether . In 1937 the factory produced its first diesel-powered vehicle C-65...  (ChTZ), 1933
World War II	Partially moved to Tankograd in Chelyabinsk, 1941	Merged with Dzerzhinsky Ural Railroad Car Works Uralvagonzavod Uralvagonzavod is a Russian machine building company located in Nizhny Tagil, Russia. It is one of the largest scientific and industrial complexes in Russia and the largest main battle tank manufacturer in the world....  in Nizhny Tagil to form Ural Tank Factory No. 183 (I.V. Stalin), 1941	Partially moved to Tankograd in Chelyabinsk, 1941	Ural Tank Factory No. 183 (I.V. Stalin)	Overrun September 1942 in the Battle of Stalingrad		Factory No. 174 (K.E. Voroshilov), Omsk; parts moved to Tankograd in Chelyabinsk, 1941		Chelyabinsk Kirov Narkomtankprom Plant; Chelyabinsk gained the unofficial name Tankograd ('Tank City')
After World War II		Re-established at Kharkov Diesel Factory No. 75, 1945–52 Renamed V.A. Malyshev Factory, 1957	Moved to Omsk, 1963	Uralvagonzavod Uralvagonzavod Uralvagonzavod is a Russian machine building company located in Nizhny Tagil, Russia. It is one of the largest scientific and industrial complexes in Russia and the largest main battle tank manufacturer in the world.... , 1984	Volgograd Tractor Factory, 1961	Switched to shipbuilding	Switched to engines construction		Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant, 1958
Post-Soviet	Obukhovsky Works, 1992	Kharkiv, independent Ukraine, 1991	Kirov Plant				Zvezda, OAO	The Ural Heavy Machine Building Plant, 1992	ChTZ - URALTRAC, 1998
Design Bureau	OKMO OKMO OKMO was the main tank design team in the Soviet Union during the early 1930s. It produced the design of the T-26 infantry tank , of which about 12,000 would be produced...	Morozov Design Bureau (KMDB)	SKB-2, Omsk Transmash (KBTM)	Kartsev-Venediktov Design Bureau			SKB-1
Designed	T-18 T-18 tank The T-18 light tank was the first Soviet-designed tank. Produced from 1928–31, it was based on the Renault FT-17, with the addition of a vertically sprung suspension....  (MS-1), T-26 T-26 The T-26 tank was a Soviet light infantry tank used during many conflicts of the 1930s as well as during World War II. It was a development of the British Vickers 6-Ton tank and is widely considered one of the most successful tank designs of the 1930s.... , T-35 T-35 The T-35 was a Soviet multi-turreted heavy tank of the interwar period and early Second World War that saw limited production and service with the Red Army. It was the only five-turreted heavy tank in the world to reach production but proved to be slow and mechanically unreliable...	T-24 T-24 The T-24 was a Soviet medium tank built in 1931. Only twenty-four tanks were built, and saw no combat. This was the first tank produced at the KhPZ factory in Ukraine, which was later responsible for the very successful T-34 and T-54 Soviet tanks... , BT tanks, T-34 T-34 The T-34 was a Soviet medium tank produced from 1940 to 1958. Although its armour and armament were surpassed by later tanks of the era, it has been often credited as the most effective, efficient and influential design of World War II... , T-44 T-44 The T-44 was a medium tank first produced towards the end of the Second World War by the Soviet Union. It was the successor to the famous T-34... , T-64 T-64 The T-64 is a Soviet main battle tank, introduced in the early 1960s. It was used solely by the Soviet Army in its front-line divisions and was a more advanced counterpart to the T-62... , T-80 T-80 The T-80 is a main battle tank designed and manufactured in the former Soviet Union. A development of the T-64, it entered service in 1976 and was the first production tank to be equipped with a gas turbine engine for main propulsion.the Swedish Stridsvagn 103 of 1971 used a gas turbine alongside...  turret, T-80 T-80 The T-80 is a main battle tank designed and manufactured in the former Soviet Union. A development of the T-64, it entered service in 1976 and was the first production tank to be equipped with a gas turbine engine for main propulsion.the Swedish Stridsvagn 103 of 1971 used a gas turbine alongside... UD, T-84 T-84 The T-84 is a Ukrainian main battle tank, a development of the Soviet T-80 main battle tank. It was first built in 1994 and entered service in the Ukrainian Armed Forces in 1999. The T-84 is based on the diesel-engined T-80 version, the T-80UD...	SMK tank SMK tank SMK was an armored vehicle prototype developed by the Soviet Union prior to the Second World War... , KV-1, KV-2, T-80 T-80 The T-80 is a main battle tank designed and manufactured in the former Soviet Union. A development of the T-64, it entered service in 1976 and was the first production tank to be equipped with a gas turbine engine for main propulsion.the Swedish Stridsvagn 103 of 1971 used a gas turbine alongside...  hull, BTR-T BTR-T The BTR-T is a Russian heavy infantry combat vehicle, designed by the Design Bureau of Transport Machine-Building state-run production association.-Description:It is based on the hull of the T-55 tank and answers the need for a heavy, well protected and well armed... , TOS-1 TOS-1 TOS-1 is a Soviet 30-barrel or 24-barrel multiple rocket launcher and thermobaric weapon mounted on a T-72 tank chassis. TOS-1 was designed for defeating enemy personnel in fortifications, in open country, and in lightly armoured vehicles and transport... , Black Eagle tank Black Eagle tank The Black Eagle tank was a presumed prototype main battle tank produced in the Russian Federation. It was thought to have been developed by the KBTM design bureau in Omsk in the late 1990s. A production version of this tank has never been publicly demonstrated. The Black Eagle tank has been...  prototype	T-44 T-44 The T-44 was a medium tank first produced towards the end of the Second World War by the Soviet Union. It was the successor to the famous T-34... , T-54/55, T-62 T-62 The T-62 is a Soviet main battle tank, a further development of the T-55. Its 115 mm gun was the first smoothbore tank gun in use.The T-62 was produced between 1961 and 1975. It became a standard tank in the Soviet arsenal, partly replacing the T-55, although that tank continued to be... , T-72 T-72 The T-72 is a Soviet-designed main battle tank that entered production in 1970. It is developed directly from Obyekt-172, and shares parallel features with the T-64A... , T-90 T-90 The T-90 is a Russian third-generation main battle tank that is a modernisation of the T-72 . It is currently the most modern tank in service with the Russian Ground Forces and Naval Infantry... , T-95 T-95 T-95 is the common informal designation of a Russian fifth generation tank that was under development at Uralvagonzavod before being cancelled in May 2011.-History:...  prototype		T-34-85 turret	T-50 T-50 tank The T-50 light infantry tank was built by the Soviet Union at the beginning of World War II. The design for this vehicle had some advanced features, but was complicated and expensive, and only a short production run of 69 tanks was completed...
Built	T-35 T-35 The T-35 was a Soviet multi-turreted heavy tank of the interwar period and early Second World War that saw limited production and service with the Red Army. It was the only five-turreted heavy tank in the world to reach production but proved to be slow and mechanically unreliable... , KV-1, T-34 T-34 The T-34 was a Soviet medium tank produced from 1940 to 1958. Although its armour and armament were surpassed by later tanks of the era, it has been often credited as the most effective, efficient and influential design of World War II... , IS-2, IS-3, IS-4, T-10	T-26 T-26 The T-26 tank was a Soviet light infantry tank used during many conflicts of the 1930s as well as during World War II. It was a development of the British Vickers 6-Ton tank and is widely considered one of the most successful tank designs of the 1930s.... , BT tanks, T-28 T-28 The Soviet T-28 was among the world's first medium tanks. The prototype was completed in 1931 and production began in late 1932. It was an infantry-support tank intended to break through fortified defences... , T-35 T-35 The T-35 was a Soviet multi-turreted heavy tank of the interwar period and early Second World War that saw limited production and service with the Red Army. It was the only five-turreted heavy tank in the world to reach production but proved to be slow and mechanically unreliable... , T-34 T-34 The T-34 was a Soviet medium tank produced from 1940 to 1958. Although its armour and armament were surpassed by later tanks of the era, it has been often credited as the most effective, efficient and influential design of World War II... , T-54/55, T-64 T-64 The T-64 is a Soviet main battle tank, introduced in the early 1960s. It was used solely by the Soviet Army in its front-line divisions and was a more advanced counterpart to the T-62... , T-80 T-80 The T-80 is a main battle tank designed and manufactured in the former Soviet Union. A development of the T-64, it entered service in 1976 and was the first production tank to be equipped with a gas turbine engine for main propulsion.the Swedish Stridsvagn 103 of 1971 used a gas turbine alongside... UD, T-84 T-84 The T-84 is a Ukrainian main battle tank, a development of the Soviet T-80 main battle tank. It was first built in 1994 and entered service in the Ukrainian Armed Forces in 1999. The T-84 is based on the diesel-engined T-80 version, the T-80UD...	KV-1, KV-2, T-80 T-80 The T-80 is a main battle tank designed and manufactured in the former Soviet Union. A development of the T-64, it entered service in 1976 and was the first production tank to be equipped with a gas turbine engine for main propulsion.the Swedish Stridsvagn 103 of 1971 used a gas turbine alongside...  hull, BTR-T BTR-T The BTR-T is a Russian heavy infantry combat vehicle, designed by the Design Bureau of Transport Machine-Building state-run production association.-Description:It is based on the hull of the T-55 tank and answers the need for a heavy, well protected and well armed... , TOS-1 TOS-1 TOS-1 is a Soviet 30-barrel or 24-barrel multiple rocket launcher and thermobaric weapon mounted on a T-72 tank chassis. TOS-1 was designed for defeating enemy personnel in fortifications, in open country, and in lightly armoured vehicles and transport...	T-34 T-34 The T-34 was a Soviet medium tank produced from 1940 to 1958. Although its armour and armament were surpassed by later tanks of the era, it has been often credited as the most effective, efficient and influential design of World War II... , T-44 T-44 The T-44 was a medium tank first produced towards the end of the Second World War by the Soviet Union. It was the successor to the famous T-34... , T-54/55, T-62 T-62 The T-62 is a Soviet main battle tank, a further development of the T-55. Its 115 mm gun was the first smoothbore tank gun in use.The T-62 was produced between 1961 and 1975. It became a standard tank in the Soviet arsenal, partly replacing the T-55, although that tank continued to be... , T-72 T-72 The T-72 is a Soviet-designed main battle tank that entered production in 1970. It is developed directly from Obyekt-172, and shares parallel features with the T-64A... , T-90 T-90 The T-90 is a Russian third-generation main battle tank that is a modernisation of the T-72 . It is currently the most modern tank in service with the Russian Ground Forces and Naval Infantry...	T-34 T-34 The T-34 was a Soviet medium tank produced from 1940 to 1958. Although its armour and armament were surpassed by later tanks of the era, it has been often credited as the most effective, efficient and influential design of World War II...	Russkiy Reno, T-34 T-34 The T-34 was a Soviet medium tank produced from 1940 to 1958. Although its armour and armament were surpassed by later tanks of the era, it has been often credited as the most effective, efficient and influential design of World War II...	T-26 T-26 The T-26 tank was a Soviet light infantry tank used during many conflicts of the 1930s as well as during World War II. It was a development of the British Vickers 6-Ton tank and is widely considered one of the most successful tank designs of the 1930s.... , T-50 T-50 tank The T-50 light infantry tank was built by the Soviet Union at the beginning of World War II. The design for this vehicle had some advanced features, but was complicated and expensive, and only a short production run of 69 tanks was completed... , T-34 T-34 The T-34 was a Soviet medium tank produced from 1940 to 1958. Although its armour and armament were surpassed by later tanks of the era, it has been often credited as the most effective, efficient and influential design of World War II... , ISU-152 ISU-152 ISU-152 was a Soviet multirole fully enclosed and armored self-propelled gun developed and used during World War II, with a subsequent use, mainly in the Soviet military, till the 1970s.-History:... , IS-3, T-10, T-80 T-80 The T-80 is a main battle tank designed and manufactured in the former Soviet Union. A development of the T-64, it entered service in 1976 and was the first production tank to be equipped with a gas turbine engine for main propulsion.the Swedish Stridsvagn 103 of 1971 used a gas turbine alongside...	T-34 T-34 The T-34 was a Soviet medium tank produced from 1940 to 1958. Although its armour and armament were surpassed by later tanks of the era, it has been often credited as the most effective, efficient and influential design of World War II... , SU-122 SU-122 The SU-122 was a Soviet self-propelled howitzer used during World War II. The number "122" in the designation represents the caliber of the main armament—a 122 mm M-30S howitzer.-Development history:... , SU-85 SU-85 The SU-85 was a Soviet self-propelled gun used during World War II, based on the chassis of the T-34 medium tank. Earlier Soviet self-propelled guns were meant to serve as either assault guns, such as the SU-122, or as mobile anti-tank weapons; the SU-85 fell into the latter category... , SU-100 SU-100 The SU-100 was a Soviet tank destroyer. It was used extensively during the last year of World War II and saw service for many years afterwards with the armies of Soviet allies around the world.- Development :... , T-54	T-34 T-34 The T-34 was a Soviet medium tank produced from 1940 to 1958. Although its armour and armament were surpassed by later tanks of the era, it has been often credited as the most effective, efficient and influential design of World War II... , SU-152 SU-152 The SU-152 was a Soviet heavy self-propelled heavy howitzer used during World War II.It mounted a 152 mm gun-howitzer on the chassis of a KV-1S heavy tank. Later production used IS tank chassis and was re-designated as ISU-152...

External links

• Compass in the world of machines and machine-building (in Russian)