List of mass spectrometry acronyms
Encyclopedia
This is a compilation of acronyms commonly used in mass spectrometry
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Mass spectrometry
Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique that measures the mass-to-charge ratio of charged particles.It is used for determining masses of particles, for determining the elemental composition of a sample or molecule, and for elucidating the chemical structures of molecules, such as peptides and...
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A
- AE – Appearance energy
- AMSAccelerator mass spectrometryAccelerator mass spectrometry differs from other forms of mass spectrometry in that it accelerates ions to extraordinarily high kinetic energies before mass analysis. The special strength of AMS among the mass spectrometric methods is its power to separate a rare isotope from an abundant...
– Accelerator mass spectrometry - AMUAtomic mass unitThe unified atomic mass unit or dalton is a unit that is used for indicating mass on an atomic or molecular scale. It is defined as one twelfth of the rest mass of an unbound neutral atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state, and has a value of...
– Atomic mass unit - AP – Appearance potential
- AP MALDI – Atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization
- APCIAtmospheric pressure chemical ionizationAtmospheric-pressure chemical ionization is an ionization method used in mass spectrometry. It is a form of chemical ionization which takes place at atmospheric pressure.-How it works:...
– Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization - API – Atmospheric pressure ionization
- APPI – Atmospheric pressure photoionization
- ASMSAmerican Society for Mass SpectrometryThe American Society for Mass Spectrometry is a professional association based in the United States that supports the scientific field of mass spectrometry. As of 2007, the society had approximately 7000 members primarily from the US, but also from around the world...
– American Society for Mass Spectrometry
B
- BP – Base peak
- BIRDBlackbody infrared radiative dissociationIn mass spectrometry blackbody infrared radiative dissociation is a method for fragmenting gas phase ions for tandem mass spectrometric analysis . BIRD uses the light from black body radiation to thermally excite the ions until a bond breaks...
– Blackbody infrared radiative dissociation
C
- CRF – Charge remote fragmentation
- CSR – Charge stripping reaction
- CIChemical ionizationChemical ionization is an ionization technique used in mass spectrometry. Chemical ionization is a lower energy process than electron ionization. The lower energy yields less fragmentation, and usually a simpler spectrum...
– Chemical ionization - CA – Collisional activation
- CAD – Collisionally activated dissociation
- CIDCollision-induced dissociationIn Mass spectrometry, Collision-induced dissociation , referred to by some as collisionally activated dissociation , is a mechanism by which to fragment molecular ions in the gas phase. The molecular ions are usually accelerated by some electrical potential to high kinetic energy and then allowed...
– Collision-induced dissociation - CRM – Consecutive reaction monitoring
- CF-FABFast atom bombardmentFast atom bombardment is an ionization technique used in mass spectrometry. The material to be analyzed is mixed with a non-volatile chemical protection environment called a matrix and is bombarded under vacuum with a high energy beam of atoms. The atoms are typically from an inert gas such as...
– Continuous flow fast atom bombardment
D
- DEDelayed extractionDelayed extraction is a method used with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer in which the accelerating voltage is applied after some short time delay following pulsed laser desorption/ionization from a flat surface of target plate or, in other implementation, pulsed electron ionization or Resonance...
– Delayed extraction - DADI – Direct analysis of daughter ions
- DAPPIDesorption atmospheric pressure photoionizationDesorption atmospheric pressure photoionization is an atmospheric-pressure ionization technique for mass spectrometry. DAPPI enables direct analysis of solid samples without pretreatment and analysis of samples deposited on surfaces by means of a jet of hot solvent vapour and vacuum ultraviolet...
– Desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization - DEP – Direct exposure probe
- DESIDesorption electrospray ionizationDesorption electrospray ionization is an ambient ionization technique that can be used in mass spectrometry for chemical analysis. It is an atmospheric pressure ion source that ionizes gases, liquids and solids in open air under ambient conditions. It was developed in 2004 by Professor Graham...
– Desorption electrospray ionization - DIP – direct insertion probe
- DARTDART ion sourceDART is an atmospheric pressure ion source that instantaneously ionizes gases, liquids and solids in open air under ambient conditions. It was developed in 2005 by Laramee and Cody and is now marketed commercially by JEOL and IonSense...
– Direct analysis in real time - DLI – Direct liquid introduction
E
- EAElectron affinityThe Electron affinity of an atom or molecule is defined as the amount of energy released when an electron is added to a neutral atom or molecule to form a negative ion....
– Electron affinity - ECDElectron capture dissociationElectron-capture dissociation is a method of fragmenting gas phase ions for tandem mass spectrometric analysis . ECD involves the direct introduction of low energy electrons to trapped gas phase ions...
– Electron-capture dissociation - ECI – Electron capture ionization
- EDDElectron-detachment dissociationElectron-detachment dissociation is a method for fragmenting anionic species in mass spectrometry....
– Electron-detachment dissociation - EIElectron ionizationElectron ionization is an ionization method in which energetic electrons interact with gas phase atoms or molecules to produce ions...
– Electron ionization (or electron impact) - EJMSEuropean Journal of Mass SpectrometryEuropean Journal of Mass Spectrometry is a peer reviewed journal covering all areas of mass spectrometry. While it is European in its publishing base, its distribution, editors and authors are international.-See also:*Mass Spectrometry Reviews...
– European Journal of Mass Spectrometry - ESA – Electrostatic energy analyzer
- ETD – Electron-transfer dissociation
- eVElectronvoltIn physics, the electron volt is a unit of energy equal to approximately joule . By definition, it is equal to the amount of kinetic energy gained by a single unbound electron when it accelerates through an electric potential difference of one volt...
– Electronvolt
F
- FAIMSHigh-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometryHigh-field asymmetric-waveform ion-mobility spectrometry is a mass spectrometry technique in which ions at atmospheric pressure are separated by the application of a high-voltage asymmetric waveform at radio frequency combined with a static waveform applied between two electrodes...
– High-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry - FABFast atom bombardmentFast atom bombardment is an ionization technique used in mass spectrometry. The material to be analyzed is mixed with a non-volatile chemical protection environment called a matrix and is bombarded under vacuum with a high energy beam of atoms. The atoms are typically from an inert gas such as...
– Fast atom bombardment - FIBFast atom bombardmentFast atom bombardment is an ionization technique used in mass spectrometry. The material to be analyzed is mixed with a non-volatile chemical protection environment called a matrix and is bombarded under vacuum with a high energy beam of atoms. The atoms are typically from an inert gas such as...
– Fast ion bombardment - FDField desorptionField desorption /field ionization refers to an ion source for mass spectrometry first reported by Beckey in 1969. In field ionization, a high-potential electric field is applied to an emitter with a sharp surface, such as a razor blade, or more commonly, a filament from which tiny "whiskers"...
– Field desorption - FFR – Field-free region
- FI – Field ionization
- FT-ICR MSFourier transform ion cyclotron resonanceFourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, also known as Fourier transform mass spectrometry, is a type of mass analyzer for determining the mass-to-charge ratio of ions based on the cyclotron frequency of the ions in a fixed magnetic field...
– Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer - FTMSFourier transform ion cyclotron resonanceFourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, also known as Fourier transform mass spectrometry, is a type of mass analyzer for determining the mass-to-charge ratio of ions based on the cyclotron frequency of the ions in a fixed magnetic field...
– Fourier transform mass spectrometer
I
- ICATIsotope-coded affinity tagIsotope-coded affinity tags are a gel-free method for quantitative proteomics that relies on chemical labeling reagents. These chemical probes consist of three general elements: a reactive group capable of labeling a defined amino acid side chain , an isotopically coded linker, and a tag for the...
– Isotope-coded affinity tag - ICPInductively coupled plasmaAn inductively coupled plasma is a type of plasma source in which the energy is supplied by electric currents which are produced by electromagnetic induction, that is, by time-varying magnetic fields.-Operation:...
– Inductively coupled plasma - ICRMS – Ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer
- IDMS – Isotope dilution mass spectrometry
- IJMSInternational Journal of Mass SpectrometryThe International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is a peer reviewed journal covering fundamental aspects of mass spectrometry and ion processes, including instrumentation and applications in biology, chemistry, geology and physics. Selected IJMS articles are included in the Proteomics Virtual Journal...
– International Journal of Mass Spectrometry - IRMPDInfrared multiphoton dissociationInfrared multiphoton dissociation is a technique used in mass spectrometry to fragment molecules in the gas phase usually for structural analysis of the original molecule. -How it works:...
– Infrared multiphoton dissociation - IKES – Ion kinetic energy spectrometry
- IMS – Ion mobility spectrometry
- IMSC – International Mass Spectrometry Conference
- IMSFInternational Mass Spectrometry FoundationThe International Mass Spectrometry Foundation is a non-profit scientific organization in the field of mass spectrometry. The Foundation operates the International Mass Spectrometry Society, which consists of 36 member societies and sponsors the International Mass Spectrometry Conference that is...
– International Mass Spectrometry Foundation - IRMS – Isotope ratio mass spectrometry
- ITIon trapAn ion trap is a combination of electric or magnetic fields that captures ions in a region of a vacuum system or tube. Ion traps have a number of scientific uses such as mass spectrometery and trapping ions while the ion's quantum state is manipulated...
– Ion trap - ITMSQuadrupole ion trapA quadrupole ion trap exists in both linear and 3D varieties and refers to an ion trap that uses constant DC and radio frequency oscillating AC electric fields to trap ions. It is commonly used as a component of a mass spectrometer...
– Ion trap mass spectrometry - ITMS – Ion trap mobility spectrometry
- iTRAQITRAQIsobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation are a non-gel-based technique used to quantify proteins from different sources in a single experiment. It uses isotope-coded covalent tags...
– isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation
J
- JASMSJournal of the American Society for Mass SpectrometryThe Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry , is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published since 1990, by Springer Science+Business Media since 2011; prior to then it was published by Elsevier...
– Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry - JEOLJEOLis a manufacturer of electron microscopes and other scientific instruments. Its headquarters are in Tokyo, Japan, with 25 subsidiaries and two associated companies....
– Japan Electro-Optics Laboratory - JMSJournal of Mass SpectrometryThe Journal of Mass Spectrometry is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of mass spectrometry including instrument design and development, ionization processes, mechanisms and energetics of gaseous ion reactions, spectroscopy of gaseous ions, theoretical aspects, ion structure,...
– Journal of Mass Spectrometry
L
- LD – Laser desorption
- LDI – Laser desorption ionization
- LI – Laser ionization
- LMMS – Laser microprobe mass spectrometry
- LITIon trapAn ion trap is a combination of electric or magnetic fields that captures ions in a region of a vacuum system or tube. Ion traps have a number of scientific uses such as mass spectrometery and trapping ions while the ion's quantum state is manipulated...
– Linear ion trap - LSI – Liquid secondary ionization
M
- MIKESMass-analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometryMass-analyzed ion-kinetic-energy spectrometry is a mass spectrometry technique by which mass spectra are obtained from a sector instrument that incorporates at least one magnetic sector plus one electric sector in reverse geometry...
– Mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometry - MS – Mass spectrometer
- MSMass spectrometryMass spectrometry is an analytical technique that measures the mass-to-charge ratio of charged particles.It is used for determining masses of particles, for determining the elemental composition of a sample or molecule, and for elucidating the chemical structures of molecules, such as peptides and...
– Mass spectrometry - MS/MSTandem mass spectrometryTandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, involves multiple steps of mass spectrometry selection, with some form of fragmentation occurring in between the stages.-Tandem MS instruments:...
– Mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry, i.e. tandem mass spectrometry - MALDIMatrix-assisted laser desorption/ionizationMatrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization is a soft ionization technique used in mass spectrometry, allowing the analysis of biomolecules and large organic molecules , which tend to be fragile and fragment when ionized by more conventional ionization methods...
– Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization - MIMSMembrane introduction mass spectrometryMembrane-introduction mass spectrometry is a method of introducing analytes into the mass spectrometer's vacuum chamber via a semipermeable membrane. Usually a thin, gas permeable, hydrophobic membrane is used, for example polydimethylsiloxane. Samples can be almost any fluid including water,...
– Membrane introduction mass spectrometry, membrane inlet mass spectrometry, membrane interface mass spectrometry - MCP – Microchannel plate
- MSnTandem mass spectrometryTandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, involves multiple steps of mass spectrometry selection, with some form of fragmentation occurring in between the stages.-Tandem MS instruments:...
– Multiple stage mass spectrometry - MCP – Microchannel plate
- MPI – Multiphoton ionization
- MRM – Multiple reaction monitoring
N
- NETDNegative electron-transfer dissociationNegative electron-transfer dissociation is an ion/ion reaction in which an electron from an anionic specie is transferred to cationic reagent. Following this transfer event, the electron deficient anion undergoes internal rearrangement and fragments...
– Negative electron-transfer dissociation - NICIChemical ionizationChemical ionization is an ionization technique used in mass spectrometry. Chemical ionization is a lower energy process than electron ionization. The lower energy yields less fragmentation, and usually a simpler spectrum...
– Negative ion chemical ionization - NRMS – Neutralization reionization mass spectrometry
P
- PDIPlasma desorption mass spectrometryPlasma desorption ionization mass spectrometry is a mass spectrometry technique in which ionization of material in a solid sample by bombarding it with ionic or neutral atoms formed as a result of the nuclear fission of a suitable nuclide, typically the Californium isotope 252Cf.-See also:* Fast...
– Plasma desorption/ionization - PDMSPlasma desorption mass spectrometryPlasma desorption ionization mass spectrometry is a mass spectrometry technique in which ionization of material in a solid sample by bombarding it with ionic or neutral atoms formed as a result of the nuclear fission of a suitable nuclide, typically the Californium isotope 252Cf.-See also:* Fast...
– Plasma desorption mass spectrometry - PAD – Post-acceleration detector
- PSD – Post-source decay
- PyMS – Pyrolysis mass spectrometry
Q
- QUISTOR – Quadrupole ion storage trap
- QITQuadrupole ion trapA quadrupole ion trap exists in both linear and 3D varieties and refers to an ion trap that uses constant DC and radio frequency oscillating AC electric fields to trap ions. It is commonly used as a component of a mass spectrometer...
– Quadrupole ion trap - QMS – Quadrupole mass spectrometer
R
- RCMRapid Communications in Mass SpectrometryRapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry , is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, published since 1987 by John Wiley & Sons...
– Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry - REMPI – Resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization
- RGAResidual gas analyzerA residual gas analyzer is a small and usually rugged mass spectrometer, typically designed for process control and contamination monitoring in vacuum systems. Utilizing quadrupole technology, there exists two implementations, utilizing either an open ion source or a closed ion source...
– Residual gas analyzer - RI – Resonance ionization
S
- SELDISurface-enhanced laser desorption/ionizationSurface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization is an ionization method in mass spectrometry that is used for the analysis of protein mixtures. SELDI is typically used with time-of-flight mass spectrometers and is used to detect proteins in tissue samples, blood, urine, or other clinical samples...
– Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization - SHRIMP – Sensitive high resolution ion microprobe
- SIFT – Selected ion flow tube
- SILACSilacSILAC is a technique based on mass spectrometry that detects differences in protein abundance among samples using non-radioactive isotopic labeling. It is a popular method for quantitative proteomics.-Procedure:Two populations of cells are cultivated in cell culture...
– Stable isotope labelling by amino acids in cell culture - SIM – Selected ion monitoring
- SIR – Selected ion recording
- SNMS – Secondary neutral mass spectrometry
- SRM – Selected reaction monitoring
- SWIFT – Stored waveform inverse Fourier transform
- SIDSurface-induced dissociationSurface-induced dissociation is a technique used in mass spectrometry to fragment molecular ions in the gas phaseby collision of an ion with a surface under high vacuum....
– Surface-induced dissociation - SIR – Surface-induced reaction
- SI – Surface ionization
- SORI – Sustained off-resonance irradiation
T
- TI – Thermal ionization
- TIC – Total ion current
- TICC – Total ion current chromatogram
- TLF – Time-lag focusing
- TMTTandem mass tagsTandem mass tags are chemical labels used for mass spectrometry -based quantification and identification of biological macromolecules such as proteins, peptides and nucleic acids. TMT belongs to a family of reagents referred to as isobaric mass tags...
– Tandem mass tags - TOF-MS – Time-of-flight mass spectrometer