• 1729 (anecdote)
• Archimedes Palimpsest
  Archimedes Palimpsest
  The Archimedes Palimpsest is a palimpsest on parchment in the form of a codex. It originally was a copy of an otherwise unknown work of the ancient mathematician, physicist, and engineer Archimedes of Syracuse and other authors, which was overwritten with a religious text.Archimedes lived in the...
  
  
• Archimedes' use of infinitesimals
  Archimedes' use of infinitesimals
  The Method of Mechanical Theorems is a work by Archimedes which contains the first attested explicit use of infinitesimals. The work was originally thought to be lost, but was rediscovered in the celebrated Archimedes Palimpsest...
  
  
• Arithmetization of analysis
  Arithmetization of analysis
  The arithmetization of analysis was a research program in the foundations of mathematics carried out in the second half of the 19th century. Kronecker originally introduced the term arithmetization of analysis, by which he meant its constructivization in the context of the natural numbers...
  
  
• Background and genesis of topos theory
  Background and genesis of topos theory
  This page gives some very general background to the mathematical idea of topos. This is an aspect of category theory, and has a reputation for being abstruse. The level of abstraction involved cannot be reduced beyond a certain point; but on the other hand context can be given...
  
  
• Brachistochrone curve
  Brachistochrone curve
  A Brachistochrone curve , or curve of fastest descent, is the curve between two points that is covered in the least time by a point-like body that starts at the first point with zero speed and is constrained to move along the curve to the second point, under the action of constant gravity and...
  
  
• Chinese mathematics
  Chinese mathematics
  Mathematics in China emerged independently by the 11th century BC. The Chinese independently developed very large and negative numbers, decimals, a place value decimal system, a binary system, algebra, geometry, and trigonometry....
  
  
• Edinburgh Mathematical Society
  Edinburgh Mathematical Society
  The Edinburgh Mathematical Society is the leading mathematical society in Scotland.The Society was founded in 1883 by a group of Edinburgh schoolteachers and academics, on the initiative of A. Y. Fraser and A. J. G. Barclay, teachers at George Watson's College and Cargill Gilston Knott, who was the...
  
  
• Erlangen programme
• Fermat's last theorem
  Fermat's Last Theorem
  In number theory, Fermat's Last Theorem states that no three positive integers a, b, and c can satisfy the equation an + bn = cn for any integer value of n greater than two....
  
  
• Greek mathematics
  Greek mathematics
  Greek mathematics, as that term is used in this article, is the mathematics written in Greek, developed from the 7th century BC to the 4th century AD around the Eastern shores of the Mediterranean. Greek mathematicians lived in cities spread over the entire Eastern Mediterranean, from Italy to...
  
  
• Thomas Heath
• Hilbert's problems
  Hilbert's problems
  Hilbert's problems form a list of twenty-three problems in mathematics published by German mathematician David Hilbert in 1900. The problems were all unsolved at the time, and several of them were very influential for 20th century mathematics...
  
  
• Hyperbolic quaternion
  Hyperbolic quaternion
  In the abstract algebra of algebras over a field, the hyperbolic quaternionq = a + bi + cj + dk, \quad a,b,c,d \in R \!is a mutated quaternion wherei^2 = j^2 = k^2 = +1 \! instead of the usual −1....
  
  
• Indian mathematics
  Indian mathematics
  Indian mathematics emerged in the Indian subcontinent from 1200 BCE until the end of the 18th century. In the classical period of Indian mathematics , important contributions were made by scholars like Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, and Bhaskara II. The decimal number system in use today was first...
  
  
• Islamic mathematics
  Islamic mathematics
  In the history of mathematics, mathematics in medieval Islam, often termed Islamic mathematics or Arabic mathematics, covers the body of mathematics preserved and developed under the Islamic civilization between circa 622 and 1600...
  
  
• Italian school of algebraic geometry
  Italian school of algebraic geometry
  In relation with the history of mathematics, the Italian school of algebraic geometry refers to the work over half a century or more done internationally in birational geometry, particularly on algebraic surfaces. There were in the region of 30 to 40 leading mathematicians who made major...
  
  
• Kraków School of Mathematics
  Kraków School of Mathematics
  Kraków School of Mathematics was a sub-group of Polish School of Mathematics represented by mathematicians from the Kraków universities—Jagiellonian University and the AGH University of Science and Technology, active during the interwar period...
  
  
• Lwów School of Mathematics
  Lwów School of Mathematics
  The Lwów School of Mathematics was a group of mathematicians who worked between the two World Wars in Lviv, then known as Lwów and located in Poland, but now located in western Ukraine. The mathematicians often met at the famous Scottish Café to discuss mathematical problems, and published in the...
  
  
• Nicolas Bourbaki
  Nicolas Bourbaki
  Nicolas Bourbaki is the collective pseudonym under which a group of 20th-century mathematicians wrote a series of books presenting an exposition of modern advanced mathematics, beginning in 1935. With the goal of founding all of mathematics on set theory, the group strove for rigour and generality...
  
  
• Non-Euclidean geometry
  Non-Euclidean geometry
  Non-Euclidean geometry is the term used to refer to two specific geometries which are, loosely speaking, obtained by negating the Euclidean parallel postulate, namely hyperbolic and elliptic geometry. This is one term which, for historical reasons, has a meaning in mathematics which is much...
  
  
• Scottish Café
  Scottish Café
  The Scottish Café was the café in Lwów where, in the 1930s and 1940s, mathematicians from the Lwów School collaboratively discussed research problems, particularly in functional analysis and topology....
  
  
• Seven bridges of Königsberg
  Seven Bridges of Königsberg
  The Seven Bridges of Königsberg is a historically notable problem in mathematics. Its negative resolution by Leonhard Euler in 1735 laid the foundations of graph theory and prefigured the idea of topology....
  
  
• Spectral theory
  Spectral theory
  In mathematics, spectral theory is an inclusive term for theories extending the eigenvector and eigenvalue theory of a single square matrix to a much broader theory of the structure of operators in a variety of mathematical spaces. It is a result of studies of linear algebra and the solutions of...
  
  
• Synthetic geometry
  Synthetic geometry
  Synthetic or axiomatic geometry is the branch of geometry which makes use of axioms, theorems and logical arguments to draw conclusions, as opposed to analytic and algebraic geometries which use analysis and algebra to perform geometric computations and solve problems.-Logical synthesis:The process...
  
  
• Tautochrone curve
  Tautochrone curve
  A tautochrone or isochrone curve is the curve for which the time taken by an object sliding without friction in uniform gravity to its lowest point is independent of its starting point...
  
  
• Unifying theories in mathematics
  Unifying theories in mathematics
  There have been several attempts in history to reach a unified theory of mathematics. Some of the greatest mathematicians have expressed views that the whole subject should be fitted into one theory.-Historical perspective:...
  
  
• Waring's problem
  Waring's problem
  In number theory, Waring's problem, proposed in 1770 by Edward Waring, asks whether for every natural number k there exists an associated positive integer s such that every natural number is the sum of at most s kth powers of natural numbers...
  
  
• Warsaw School of Mathematics
  Warsaw School of Mathematics
  "Warsaw School of Mathematics" is the name given to a group of mathematicians who worked at Warsaw, Poland, in the two decades between the World Wars, especially in the fields of logic, set theory, point-set topology and real analysis. They published in the journal Fundamenta Mathematicae, founded...
  
  

Academic positions

• Lowndean Professor of Astronomy and Geometry
  Lowndean Professor of Astronomy and Geometry
  The Lowndean chair of Astronomy and Geometry is one of the two major Professorships in Astronomy at Cambridge University, alongside the Plumian Professorship...
  
  
• Lucasian professor
• Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics
  Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics
  The Rouse Ball Professorship of Mathematics is one of the senior chairs in the Mathematics Departments at the University of Cambridge and the University of Oxford. The two positions were founded in 1927 by a bequest from the mathematician W. W. Rouse Ball...
  
  
• Sadleirian Chair