List of non-marine molluscs of Malta
Encyclopedia
Malta
Malta , officially known as the Republic of Malta , is a Southern European country consisting of an archipelago situated in the centre of the Mediterranean, south of Sicily, east of Tunisia and north of Libya, with Gibraltar to the west and Alexandria to the east.Malta covers just over in...
are a part of the molluscan fauna of Malta (wildlife of Malta).
A number of species of non-marine molluscs
Mollusca
The Mollusca , common name molluscs or mollusksSpelled mollusks in the USA, see reasons given in Rosenberg's ; for the spelling mollusc see the reasons given by , is a large phylum of invertebrate animals. There are around 85,000 recognized extant species of molluscs. Mollusca is the largest...
are found in the wild in Malta
Malta
Malta , officially known as the Republic of Malta , is a Southern European country consisting of an archipelago situated in the centre of the Mediterranean, south of Sicily, east of Tunisia and north of Libya, with Gibraltar to the west and Alexandria to the east.Malta covers just over in...
. There are 77 species of gastropods
Gastropoda
The Gastropoda or gastropods, more commonly known as snails and slugs, are a large taxonomic class within the phylum Mollusca. The class Gastropoda includes snails and slugs of all kinds and all sizes from microscopic to quite large...
, 15 species of freshwater gastropods, 62 species of land gastropods) and 2 species of bivalves
Bivalvia
Bivalvia is a taxonomic class of marine and freshwater molluscs. This class includes clams, oysters, mussels, scallops, and many other families of molluscs that have two hinged shells...
living in the wild.
There are 4 non-indigenous species of gastropods (2 freshwater and 2 land species). There are no non-indigenous species of bivalves in the wild in Malta.
| Numbers of molluscs by habitat | Number of species (according to this list) |
|---|---|
| Freshwater gastropods | 15 |
| Land gastropods | 62 |
| Total number of non-marine gastropods | 77 |
| Freshwater bivalves | 2 |
| Total number of non-marine molluscs | 79 |
Freshwater gastropods
Freshwater gastropods in Malta include:Hydrobiidae
Hydrobiidae
Hydrobiidae, common name mud snails, is a large cosmopolitan taxonomic family of very small freshwater snails and brackish water snails that have an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the clade Littorinimorpha.- Distribution :...
- Hydrobia acutaHydrobia acutaHydrobia acuta is a species of very small brackish water snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Hydrobiidae.-Distribution:...
(Draparnaud, 1805) - in brackish water - Hydrobia ventrosaHydrobia ventrosaEcrobia ventrosa, common name : the spire snail, is a European species of small brackish water snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Hydrobiidae.-Distribution:This species occurs on the coasts of:...
(Montagu, 1803) - in brackish water - Paludinella littorinaPaludinella littorinaPaludinella littorina, common name the lagoon snail, is a species of minute half-way land and half-way sea snail with an operculum, a mostly terrestrial but partly marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk, in the family Assimineidae.-Habitat:...
(Delle Chiaje, 1828) - in brackish water - Pseudamnicola moussoni (Calcara, 1841)
- Heleobia stagnorumHeleobia stagnorumHeleobia stagnorum is a species of small freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Cochliopidae....
(Gmelin, 1791) - synonym: Littorinida stagnorum (Gmelin, 1791) - in brackish water - Mercuria similis (Draparnaud, 1805)
Thiaridae
Thiaridae
Thiaridae, common name thiarids, is a family of tropical freshwater snails with an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Cerithioidea....
- Melanoides tuberculata (O. F. Müller, 1774) - probably locally extinct
Lymnaeidae
Lymnaeidae
Lymnaeidae is a taxonomic family of small to large air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks, that belong to the clade Hygrophila....
- Galba truncatulaGalba truncatulaGalba truncatula is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails.Until recently, this species was commonly known as Lymnaea truncatula.-Description:...
(O. F. Müller, 1774) - Radix peregraRadix peregraRadix peregra, previously known as Lymnaea peregra or Lymnaea pereger, is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod in the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails....
(O. F. Müller, 1774) - probably locally extinct
Physidae
Physidae
Physidae, common name bladder snails, are a monophyletic taxonomic family of small freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the clade Hygrophila....
- Physella acutaPhysella acutaPhysella acuta, common name the European physa, is a species of small, left-handed or sinistral, air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Physidae.-Shell description:...
Draparnaud, 1805 - non-indigenous
Planorbidae
Planorbidae
Planorbidae, common name the ramshorn snails or ram's horn snails, is a family of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks....
- Planorbis moquini Requien, 1848
- Planorbis planorbisPlanorbis planorbisPlanorbis planorbis is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.-Description:...
(Linnaeus, 1758) - probably locally extinct - Gyraulus laevisGyraulus laevisGyraulus laevis is a small species of freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.-Distribution:The distribution of this species is Holarctic:...
(Alder, 1838) - Helisoma duryi Wetherby, 1879 - non-indigenous
- Ancylus fluviatilisAncylus fluviatilisAncylus fluviatilis is a species of very small, freshwater, air-breathing limpet, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the tribe Ancylini within the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails and their allies.-Distribution and conservation status:...
(O. F. Müller, 1774)
Land gastropods
Land gastropods in Malta include:Pomatiidae
Pomatiidae
The family Pomatiidae is a taxonomic family of small operculate land snails, terrestrial gastropod mollusks that can be found over the warmer parts of the Old World. In the older literature, this family is designated as Pomatiasidae....
- Pomatias elegansPomatias elegansPomatias elegans, common name the round-mouthed snail, is a species of small land snail with an operculum, a terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Pomatiidae.-Distribution:...
(O. F. Müller, 1774) - non-indigenous - Tudorella sulcataTudorella sulcataTudorella sulcata is a species of land snail which has an operculum, a terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Pomatiidae.- Distribution :This species occurs in Algeria, Spain, France, Sardinia, Malta and other areas.- Further reading :...
(Draparnaud, 1805)
Truncatellidae
Truncatellidae
Truncatellidae, common name the "looping snails", is a family of small amphibious snails, with gills and an operculum, semi-marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks.-Shell description :...
- Truncatella subcylindricaTruncatella subcylindricaTruncatella subcylindrica is a species of small, half-way land snail and half-way sea snail, with gills and an operculum, a semi-marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Truncatellidae.-Description :...
(Linnaeus, 1767) - partly marine, partly land snail
Ellobiidae
Ellobiidae
Ellobiidae is a family of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade Eupulmonata. This is the only family in the superfamily Ellobioidea, according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)....
- Leucophytia bidentataLeucophytia bidentataLeucophytia bidentata is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Ellobiidae.This species of snail is semi-marine in habitat.-Distribution:...
(Montagu, 1808) - semi-marine - Ovatella firminii (Payraudeau, 1826) - semi-marine
- Myosotella myosotisMyosotella myosotisMyosotella myosotis, common name the mouse ear snail, is an European species of small, salt marsh snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Ellobiidae....
(Draparnaud, 1801) - semi-marine - Carychium schlickumi Strauch, 1977
Lauriidae
Lauriidae
Lauriidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks.- Taxonomy :The Lauriidae family is classified within the informal group Orthurethra, itself belonging to the clade Stylommatophora within the clade Eupulmonata .The family Lauriidae has no...
- Lauria cylindraceaLauria cylindraceaLauria cylindracea, common name "the common chrysalis snail", is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Lauriidae.-Distribution:...
(Da Costa, 1778)
Valloniidae
Valloniidae
Valloniidae is a taxonomic family of small and minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade Stylommatophora.-Anatomy:...
- Vallonia pulchellaVallonia pulchellaVallonia pulchella, common name the lovely vallonia, is a species of very small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Valloniidae.-Distribution:This species occurs in countries and islands including:...
(O. F. Müller, 1774)
Vertiginidae
Vertiginidae
Vertiginidae is a family of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs or micromollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea.- Distribution :...
- Truncatellina callicratisTruncatellina callicratisTruncatellina callicratis is a species of very small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Vertiginidae, the vertigo snails.- Distribution :...
(Scacchi, 1833)
Pleurodiscidae
- Pleurodiscus balmeiPleurodiscus balmeiPleurodiscus balmei is a Mediterranean European species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Pleurodiscidae.-Distribution:This species is known to occur in a number of countries and islands including:...
(Potiez & Michaud, 1838)
Chondrinidae
Chondrinidae
Chondrinidae is a family of mostly minute air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the order Pulmonata.-Anatomy:In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 26 and 30 ....
- Granopupa granum (Draparnaud, 1801)
- Granopupa philippii (Cantraine, 1840)
Enidae
Enidae
Enidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks.- Anatomy :In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 21 and 25 .- 1998 taxonomy :...
- Jaminia pupa (Linnaeus, 1758)
Clausiliidae
Clausiliidae
Clausiliidae, common name door snails, are a taxonomic family of small, very elongate, mostly left-handed, air-breathing land snails, sinistral terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks....
- Lampedusa imitatrix (O. Boettger, 1879) - Lampedusa imitatrix imitatrix (O. Boettger, 1879) - endemic; Lampedusa imitatrix melitensis (Gatto, 1892) - endemic
- Muticaria macrostomaMuticaria macrostomaMuticaria macrostoma is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Clausiliidae, the door snails, all of which have a clausilium.This species is endemic to the Mediterranean island of Malta....
(Cantraine, 1835) - Muticaria macrostoma macrostoma (Cantraine, 1835) - endemic; Muticaria macrostoma oscitans (Charpentier, 1852) - endemic; Muticaria macrostoma macrostoma × Muticaria macrostoma oscitans - endemic; Muticaria macrostoma macrostoma × Muticaria macrostoma scalaris - hybrid Lampedusa imitatrix imitatrix × Muticaria macrostoma macrostoma
- Muticaria macrostomaMuticaria macrostomaMuticaria macrostoma is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Clausiliidae, the door snails, all of which have a clausilium.This species is endemic to the Mediterranean island of Malta....
(Gulia, 1861) - Muticaria macrostoma mamotica (Gulia, 1861) - endemic; Muticaria macrostoma scalaris (L. Pfeiffer, 1848) - endemic - Papillifera papillaris (O. F. Müller, 1774)
Ferussaciidae
Ferussaciidae
Ferussaciidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Achatinoidea.This family has no subfamilies...
- Ferussacia follicula (Gronovius, 1781)
- Cecilioides aciculaCecilioides aciculaCecilioides acicula, common name the "blind snail" or "blind awlsnail", is a species of very small, air-breathing land snail, a pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Ferussaciidae.This is a subterranean species.- Description :...
(O. F. Müller, 1774) - Cecilioides janii (De Betta & Martinati, 1855)
- Cecilioides petitianaCecilioides petitianaCecilioides petitiana is a species of air-breathing land snail, a pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Ferussaciidae.This is a subterranean species....
(Benoit, 1862) - Hohenwartiana hohenwarti (Rossmässler, 1839)
Subulinidae
Subulinidae
Subulinidae is a family of small tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Achatinoidea.- Anatomy :...
- Rumina decollata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Testacellidae
- Testacella riedeli Guisti, Manganelli & Schembri, 1995
Discidae
Discidae
Discidae is a taxonomic family of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Punctoidea.-Genera:The family Discidae has no subfamilies...
- Discus rotundatusDiscus rotundatusDiscus rotundatus is a species of small, air-breathing, land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Discidae, the disk snails.-Distribution:...
(O. F. Müller, 1774) - non-indigenous
Succineidae
Succineidae
Succineidae are a family of small to medium-sized, air-breathing, land snails , terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. They are commonly called amber snails because their thin fragile shells are translucent and amber-colored...
- Oxyloma elegansOxyloma elegansOxyloma elegans is a species of small European land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk belonging to the family Succineidae, the amber snails.-Distribution and conservation status:...
(Risso, 1826)
Pristilomatidae
Pristilomatidae
Pristilomatidae is a taxonomic family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Gastrodontoidea.According to the 2005 taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi these snails belong to the "limacoid clade", and Vitreinae is a synonym for Pristilomatidae,...
- Vitrea contractaVitrea contractaVitrea contracta is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Pristilomatidae.- Distribution :This species occurs in countries and islands including:* Czech Republic* Great Britain* Ireland...
(Westerlund, 1871) - Vitrea subrimataVitrea subrimataVitrea subrimata is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Pristilomatidae.- Distribution :Distribution of this species is alpine and southern-European....
(Reinhardt, 1871)
Oxychilidae
Oxychilidae
Oxychilidae is a taxonomic family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Gastrodontoidea.- Distribution :...
- Oxychilus draparnaudiOxychilus draparnaudiOxychilus draparnaudi is a species of small land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Oxychilidae, the glass snails.-Shell description:...
(Beck, 1837) - Oxychilus hydatinusOxychilus hydatinusOxychilus hydatinus is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Oxychilidae.- Distribution :* Hungary* Slovakia...
(Rossmässler, 1838)
Milacidae
Milacidae
Milacidae is a family of air-breathing, keeled, land slugs. These are shell-less terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Parmacelloidea.This family has no subfamilies ....
- Milax nigricans (Schultz, 1836)
- Tandonia sowerbyiTandonia sowerbyiTandonia sowerbyi is a species of air-breathing, keeled, land slug, a shell-less terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Milacidae.-Distribution:This slug is native to Europe, possibly originally only to Greece where it is very common...
(Férussac, 1823)
Limacidae
Limacidae
Limacidae, common name the keelback slugs, are a taxonomic family of medium-sized to very large, air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Limacoidea.- Distribution :...
- Limax flavus Linnaeus, 1758
- Lehmannia melitensisLehmannia melitensisLehmannia melitensis is a species of air-breathing land slug, a shell-less pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Limacidae.-Distribution:...
(Lessona & Pollonera, 1882) - endemic to Malta and Italy
Agriolimacidae
Agriolimacidae
Agriolimacidae is a family of small and medium sized land slugs, or shell-less snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks.- Distribution :Distribution of Limacidae is Holarctic, this include: Nearctic, western Palearctic and eastern Palearctic....
- Deroceras panormitanumDeroceras panormitanumDeroceras panormitanum, previously known as Deroceras caruanae and as Agriolimax caruanae, is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Agriolimacidae....
(Lessona & Pollonera, 1882) - Deroceras golcheri Altena, 1962
Sphincterochilidae
Sphincterochilidae
Sphincterochilidae is a taxonomic family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea ....
- Sphincterochila candidissimaSphincterochila candidissimaSphincterochila candidissima is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Sphincterochilidae.- Subspecies :* Sphincterochila candidissima crassa -Distribution :...
(Draparnaud, 1801)
Hygromiidae
Hygromiidae
Hygromiidae is a taxonomic family of small to medium-sized air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea.-Anatomy:...
- Schileykiella parlatoris (Bivona, 1839)
- Helicella apicina (Lamarck, 1822)
- Helicella conspurcata (Draparnaud, 1801)
- Cernuella caruanae (Kobelt, 1888) - endemic to Malta and Sicily
- Cernuella cisalpinaCernuella cisalpinaCernuella cisalpina, sometimes known as the "maritime gardensnail", is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Hygromiidae.This is a small snail with a white and brown striped shell....
(Rossmässler, 1837) - Cernuella virgataCernuella virgataCernuella virgata, also known as Helicella virgata, common name, the "vineyard snail", is a species of small, air-breathing land snail, a pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies....
(Da Costa, 1778) - Cochlicella acutaCochlicella acutaCochlicella acuta, common name the pointed snail, is a species of small but very high-spired, air-breathing land snail, a pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Cochlicellidae....
(O. F. Müller, 1774) - Cochlicella conoidea (Draparnaud, 1801)
- Trochoidea calcarata (Benoit, 1860) - endemic
- Trochoidea cucullus (Martens, 1873) - endemic
- Trochoidea despotti (Soós, 1933) - endemic
- Trochoidea ogygiaca (Westerlund, 1889) - endemic
- Trochoidea schembrii (Pfeiffer, 1848) - endemic
- Trochoidea spratti (Pfeiffer, 1846) - endemic
- Trochoidea gharlapsiTrochoidea gharlapsiTrochoidea gharlapsi is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Hygromiidae. It is endemic to Malta.-Source:* Mollusc Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 7 August 2007....
Beckmann, 1987 - endemic - Trochoidea meda (Porro, 1840)
Helicidae
The Helicidae, sometimes known as the typical snails, are a taxonomic family of small to large, air-breathing, land snails. In other words, they are terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks....
- Helix apertaHelix apertaHelix aperta, also known as Cantareus apertus, and commonly known as the green garden snail, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicidae, the typical snails.-Distribution:...
Born, 1778 - Helix aspersaHelix aspersaHelix aspersa, known by the common name garden snail, is a species of land snail, a pulmonate gastropod that is one of the best-known of all terrestrial molluscs. The species has been placed in the genus Helix, in all sources between 1774 and 1988 and in most sources until recently...
O. F. Müller, 1774 - Eobania vermiculataEobania vermiculataEobania vermiculata also known as Helix vermiculata, common name the "chocolate-band snail" is a species of large, air-breathing, land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicidae, the true snails or typical snails....
(O. F. Müller, 1774) - Murella globularis (Philippi, 1836)
- Murella melitensis (Férussac, 1821) endemic
- Theba pisanaTheba pisanaTheba pisana, common names the white garden snail, the sand hill snail, white Italian snail, the Mediterranean coastal snail, or simply the Mediterranean snail, is an edible species of medium-sized air-breathing land snail, a pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicidae...
(O. F. Müller, 1774) - Caracollina lenticula (Michaud, 1831)
Freshwater bivalves
Freshwater bivalves in Malta include:Sphaeriidae
Sphaeriidae
The Sphaeriidae are a family of small to minute freshwater bivalve molluscs, in the order Veneroida. In the USA they are commonly known as the pea clams and the fingernail clams.-Genera:Genera in the family Sphaeriidae include:* Musculium...
- Pisidium casertanumPisidium casertanumPisidium casertanum, the pea cockle or pea clam, is a minute freshwater bivalve mollusc of the family Sphaeriidae.- Description :...
(Poli, 1791) - Pisidium personatumPisidium personatumPisidium personatum is a species of freshwater bivalve from the Family Sphaeriidae.-Distribution:It's native distribution is European-Siberian.* Czech Republic - in Bohemia, in Moravia, least concern...
(Malm, 1855)
See also
Lists of molluscs of surrounding oversea countries:- List of non-marine molluscs of Italy, Wildlife of Italy
- List of non-marine molluscs of Tunisia, Wildlife of TunisiaWildlife of TunisiaThe wildlife of Tunisia is composed of its flora and fauna. It has 84 species of mammals and 375 species of birds. Tunisia is well documented for its addax and Dama Gazelle population.-References:...
- List of non-marine molluscs of Libya, Wildlife of LibyaWildlife of Libya-Flora:*Index: Flora of Libya*List of ecoregions in Libya — with plant communities....
The following species have been found only as fossils on Malta:
Fossil freshwater gastropods
- Gyraulus cristaGyraulus cristaGyraulus crista, commonly called the Nautilus ramshorn, is a minute species of freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.Synonyms:* Armiger crista* Planorbis crista...
(Linnaeus, 1758) - Bulinus truncatusBulinus truncatusBulinus truncatus is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail with a sinistral shell, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.-Distribution:Distribution of Bulinus truncatus include:...
(Audouin, 1827)
Fossil terrestrial gastropods
- Vertigo antivertigoVertigo antivertigoVertigo antivertigo is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Vertiginidae.- Distribution :This species occurs in countries and islands including:* Czech Republic...
(Draparnaud, 1801) - Orculella templorum (Benoit, 1862)
- Siciliaria septemplicata (Philipii, 1836)
- Cernuella durieui (Pfeiffer, 1848)
- Trochoidea caroni (Deshayes, 1830) - fossil endemic to Malta and Sicily
External links
- Beckmann K. H. (1987). "Land - und Süβwassermollusken der Maltesischen Inseln". Heldia 1,suppl. 1: 1-38.
- Beckmann K. H. (1992). "Catalogue and bibliography of the land and freshwater molluscs of the Maltese Islands, the Pelagi Islands and the isle of Pantelleria". Heldia 2suppl. 2: 1-60.
- Beckmann K. H. & Gittenberger E. (1987). "The Clausiliidae (Gastropoda) of the Maltese Islands, some additional data". Journal of Conchology 32: 335-338.
- Holyoak D. T. (1986). "Biological species-limits and systematics of Clausiliidae (Gastropoda) of the Maltese Islands". Journal of Conchology 32: 211-220.
- Mandahl-Barth G. (1988). "The shell-bearing land-snails of Malta". Mdina, Malta, Friends of the National Museum of Natural History, iv + 65 pp.
- Soós L. (1933). "A systematic and zoogeographical contribution to the mollusc fauna of the Maltese Islands and Lampedusa". Archiv für Naturgeschichte 2: 305-353.
- Thake M. A. & Schembri P. J. (1989). "Mollusca". In: Schembri P. J. & Sultana J. (eds.) Red data book for the Maltese Islands. pp. 79-89. Valletta, Malta, Department of Information.