Africa

• Ethiopia - Zauditu
  Zauditu of Ethiopia
  Zewditu was Empress of Ethiopia from 1916 to 1930. The first woman head of an internationally recognized state in Africa in the 19th and 20th centuries, she was noted for opposing the reforms of Tafari Makonnen and for her strong religious devotion.-Early...
  
  , Emperor of Ethiopia
  Emperor of Ethiopia
  The Emperor of Ethiopia was the hereditary ruler of Ethiopia until the abolition of the monarchy in 1974. The Emperor was the head of state and head of government, with ultimate executive, judicial and legislative power in that country...
  
   (1916–1930)
• Liberia - Daniel E. Howard, President of Liberia (1912–1920)
• South Africa
  • Monarch - King George V
    George V of the United Kingdom
    George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....
    
    , King of South Africa
    King of South Africa
    The King or Queen of South Africa was titular head of state of the Union of South Africa during the state's existence as a Dominion of the British Empire and later a Commonwealth Realm from 31 May 1910 to 31 May 1961, when the country became the Republic of South Africa...
    
     (1910–1936)
  • Governor-General - Viscount Buxton, Governor-General of South Africa (1914–1920)
  • Prime Minister - Louis Botha
    Louis Botha
    Louis Botha was an Afrikaner and first Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa—the forerunner of the modern South African state...
    
    , Prime Minister of South Africa (1910–1919)
• Zanzibar - Sayyid Khalifa bin Harub Al-Busaid, Sultan of Zanzibar (1911–1960)

Asia

• Afghanistan - Habibullah Khan
  Habibullah Khan (Afghan king)
  Habibullah Khan was the Emir of Afghanistan from 1901 until 1919. He was born in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, the eldest son of the Emir Abdur Rahman Khan, whom he succeeded by right of primogeniture in October 1901....
  
  , King of Afghanistan (1901–1919)
• Brunei - Muhammad Jamalul Alam II
  Muhammad Jamalul Alam II
  Duli Yang Maha Mulia Sultan Muhammad Jamalul Alam ibni al-Marhum Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin, KCMG was the 26th Sultan of Brunei Darussalam .He was the eldest son of Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin...
  
  , Sultan of Brunei (1906–1924)
• China
  • President -
    1. Li Yüan-hung, President of the Republic of China
       President of the Republic of China
       The President of the Republic of China is the head of state and commander-in-chief of the Republic of China . The Republic of China was founded on January 1, 1912, to govern all of China...
       
        (1916–1917)
    2. Feng Kuo-Chang, President of the Republic of China
       President of the Republic of China
       The President of the Republic of China is the head of state and commander-in-chief of the Republic of China . The Republic of China was founded on January 1, 1912, to govern all of China...
       
        (1917–1918)
  • Premier -
    1. Duan Qirui
       Duan Qirui
       Duan Qirui was a Chinese warlord and politician, commander in the Beiyang Army, and the Provisional Chief Executive of Republic of China from November 24, 1924 to April 20, 1926. He was arguably the most powerful man in China from 1916 to 1920.- Early life :Born in Hefei as Duan Qirui , his...
       
       , Premier of the Republic of China
       Premier of the Republic of China
       The President of the Executive Yuan , commonly known as the Premier of the Republic of China , is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China , which currently administers Taiwan, Matsu, and Kinmen. The premier is appointed by the President of the Republic of China...
       
        (1916–1917)
    2. Wu Tingfang
       Wu Tingfang
       Wu Tingfang was a Chinese diplomat and politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs and briefly as Acting Premier during the early years of the Republic of China. He is also known under his Cantonese name Ng Choy -Biography:...
       
       , Acting Premier of the Republic of China
       Premier of the Republic of China
       The President of the Executive Yuan , commonly known as the Premier of the Republic of China , is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China , which currently administers Taiwan, Matsu, and Kinmen. The premier is appointed by the President of the Republic of China...
       
        (1917)
    3. Li Jingxi, Premier of the Republic of China
       Premier of the Republic of China
       The President of the Executive Yuan , commonly known as the Premier of the Republic of China , is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China , which currently administers Taiwan, Matsu, and Kinmen. The premier is appointed by the President of the Republic of China...
       
        (1917)
    4. Xu Shichang, Premier of the Republic of China
       Premier of the Republic of China
       The President of the Executive Yuan , commonly known as the Premier of the Republic of China , is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China , which currently administers Taiwan, Matsu, and Kinmen. The premier is appointed by the President of the Republic of China...
       
        (1917)
    5. Jiang Zhaozong, Acting Premier of the Republic of China
       Premier of the Republic of China
       The President of the Executive Yuan , commonly known as the Premier of the Republic of China , is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China , which currently administers Taiwan, Matsu, and Kinmen. The premier is appointed by the President of the Republic of China...
       
        (1917)
    6. Li Jingxi, Premier of the Republic of China
       Premier of the Republic of China
       The President of the Executive Yuan , commonly known as the Premier of the Republic of China , is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China , which currently administers Taiwan, Matsu, and Kinmen. The premier is appointed by the President of the Republic of China...
       
        (1917)
    7. Duan Qirui
       Duan Qirui
       Duan Qirui was a Chinese warlord and politician, commander in the Beiyang Army, and the Provisional Chief Executive of Republic of China from November 24, 1924 to April 20, 1926. He was arguably the most powerful man in China from 1916 to 1920.- Early life :Born in Hefei as Duan Qirui , his...
       
       , Premier of the Republic of China
       Premier of the Republic of China
       The President of the Executive Yuan , commonly known as the Premier of the Republic of China , is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China , which currently administers Taiwan, Matsu, and Kinmen. The premier is appointed by the President of the Republic of China...
       
        (1917)
    8. Weng Shizhen, Acting Premier of the Republic of China
       Premier of the Republic of China
       The President of the Executive Yuan , commonly known as the Premier of the Republic of China , is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China , which currently administers Taiwan, Matsu, and Kinmen. The premier is appointed by the President of the Republic of China...
       
        (1917–1918)
• Japan
  • Monarch - Taishō
    Emperor Taishō
    The was the 123rd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession, reigning from 30 July 1912, until his death in 1926.The Emperor’s personal name was . According to Japanese customs, the emperor has no name during his reign and is only called the Emperor...
    
    , Emperor of Japan
    Emperor of Japan
    The Emperor of Japan is, according to the 1947 Constitution of Japan, "the symbol of the state and of the unity of the people." He is a ceremonial figurehead under a form of constitutional monarchy and is head of the Japanese Imperial Family with functions as head of state. He is also the highest...
    
     (1912–1926)
  • Prime Minister - Terauchi Masatake
    Terauchi Masatake
    , GCB was a Japanese military officer and politician. He was a Field Marshal in the Imperial Japanese Army and the 18th Prime Minister of Japan from 9 October 1916 to 29 September 1918.-Early period:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Japan
    Prime Minister of Japan
    The is the head of government of Japan. He is appointed by the Emperor of Japan after being designated by the Diet from among its members, and must enjoy the confidence of the House of Representatives to remain in office...
    
     (1916–1918)
• Mongolia - Bogd Khan
  Bogd Khan
  The Bogd Khan was enthroned as the Great Khaan of Mongolia on 29 December 1911, when Outer Mongolia declared independence from the Qing Dynasty after the Xinhai Revolution. He was born in the Kham region of eastern Tibet, today's Sichuan province of the People's Republic of China...
  
  , Khan of Mongolia (1911–1924)
• Oman - Taimur Bin Faisal, Sultan of Oman
  Sultan of Oman
  -List of Imams :-Nabhan Dynasty :-Ya'ariba Dynasty :-Banu Ghafir Dynasty :-Ya'ariba Dynasty :-Al Said Dynasty :-See also:...
  
   (1913–1932)

Australia and Oceania

• Australia -
  • Monarch - George V
    George V of the United Kingdom
    George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....
    
    , King of the United Kingdom (1910–1936)
  • Governor-General - Ronald Munro-Ferguson, Governor-General of Australia
    Governor-General of Australia
    The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia is the representative in Australia at federal/national level of the Australian monarch . He or she exercises the supreme executive power of the Commonwealth...
    
     (1914–1920)
  • Prime Minister - Billy Hughes, Prime Minister of Australia
    Prime Minister of Australia
    The Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Australia is the highest minister of the Crown, leader of the Cabinet and Head of Her Majesty's Australian Government, holding office on commission from the Governor-General of Australia. The office of Prime Minister is, in practice, the most powerful...
    
     (1915–1923)
• Tonga
  • Monarch - George Tupou II
    George Tupou II of Tonga
    Siaosi Tupou II, King of Tonga was the King of Tonga from February 18, 1893 until his death. He was officially crowned at Nukualofa, on 17 March 1893. He was also the 20th Tui Kanokupolu...
    
    , King of Tonga (1893–1918)
  • Prime Minister - T.P.Tu'ivakano, Prime Minister of Tonga
    Prime Minister of Tonga
    This is a list of Prime Ministers of Tonga from the establishment of that office in 1876 until the present day.-List of Premiers/Prime Ministers of Tonga :-External links:*...
    
    , (1912–1923)

Europe

• Albania - National government collapsed (1916–1918)
• Andorra
  • Co-Princes -
    • French Co-Prince - Raymond Poincaré
      Raymond Poincaré
      Raymond Poincaré was a French statesman who served as Prime Minister of France on five separate occasions and as President of France from 1913 to 1920. Poincaré was a conservative leader primarily committed to political and social stability...
      
      , President of France (1913–1920)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince - Joan Baptista Benlloch i Vivó, Bishop of Urgell (1907–1919)
  • First Syndic - Pere Font, First Syndic of Andorra (1915–1917)
• Austria-Hungary
  • Monarch - Karl I
    Karl I of Austria
    Charles I of Austria or Charles IV of Hungary was the last ruler of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He was the last Emperor of Austria, the last King of Hungary, the last King of Bohemia and Croatia and the last King of Galicia and Lodomeria and the last monarch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine...
    
    , Emperor of Austria
    Emperor of Austria
    The Emperor of Austria was a hereditary imperial title and position proclaimed in 1804 by the Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, and continually held by him and his heirs until the last emperor relinquished power in 1918. The emperors retained the title of...
    
     and (as Charles IV) King of Hungary
    King of Hungary
    The King of Hungary was the head of state of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1000 to 1918.The style of title "Apostolic King" was confirmed by Pope Clement XIII in 1758 and used afterwards by all the Kings of Hungary, so after this date the kings are referred to as "Apostolic King of...
    
     (1916–1918)
  • Minister-President of Austria
    • 1. Count Heinrich von Clam-Martinic (1916–1917)
      2. Ernst Seidler von Feuchtenegg
         Ernst Seidler von Feuchtenegg
         Ernst Ritter Seidler von Feuchtenegg was an Austrian politician and statesman. He served as Minister-President of Austria from 1917 until 1918. His daughter was the actress Alma Seidler....
         
          (1917–1918)
  • Minister-President of Hungary
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Count István Tisza (1913–1917)
      2. Count Móric Esterházy (1917)
      3. Count Sándor Wekerle (1917–1918)
• Belgium
  • Monarch - Albert I
    Albert I of Belgium
    Albert I reigned as King of the Belgians from 1909 until 1934.-Early life:Born Albert Léopold Clément Marie Meinrad in Brussels, he was the fifth child and second son of Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders, and his wife, Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen...
    
    , King of the Belgians (1909–1934)
  • Cabinet Chief - Charles de Broqueville
    Charles de Broqueville
    Charles Marie Pierre Albert, Count de Broqueville was the 20th Prime Minister of Belgium, serving during World War I. He was born in Postel, Belgium. He was the leader of Belgium's Catholic Party, and he served as prime minister between 1911 and 1918...
    
    , Cabinet Chief (1911–1918)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Christian X
    Christian X of Denmark
    Christian X was King of Denmark from 1912 to 1947 and the only King of Iceland between 1918 and 1944....
    
    , King of Denmark (1912–1947)
  • Prime Minister - Carl Theodor Zahle
    Carl Theodor Zahle
    Carl Theodor Zahle , Danish lawyer and politician; prime minister of Denmark 1909-1910, 1913-1920. In 1895 he was elected member of the lower chamber of the Danish parliament, Folketinget, for Venstrereformpartiet...
    
    , Prime Minister of Denmark
    Prime Minister of Denmark
    The Prime Minister of Denmark is the head of government in Danish politics. The Prime Minister is traditionally the leader of a political coalition in the Folketing and presides over the cabinet....
    
     (1913–1920)
• Finland - (newly independent)
  • Prime Minister - Pehr Evind Svinhufvud
    Pehr Evind Svinhufvud
    Pehr Evind Svinhufvud af Qvalstad , December 15, 1861 – February 29, 1944) was the third President of Finland from 1931 to 1937. Serving as a lawyer, judge, and politician in the Russian Grand Duchy of Finland, he played a major role in the movement for Finnish independence...
    
    , Prime Minister of Finland
    Prime Minister of Finland
    The Prime Minister is the Head of Government of Finland. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, who is the Head of State. The current Prime Minister is Jyrki Katainen of the National Coalition Party.-Overview:...
    
     (1917–1918)
• France -
  • President - Raymond Poincaré
    Raymond Poincaré
    Raymond Poincaré was a French statesman who served as Prime Minister of France on five separate occasions and as President of France from 1913 to 1920. Poincaré was a conservative leader primarily committed to political and social stability...
    
    , President of France (1913–1920)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Aristide Briand
       Aristide Briand
       Aristide Briand was a French statesman who served eleven terms as Prime Minister of France during the French Third Republic and received the 1926 Nobel Peace Prize.- Early life :...
       
       , President of the Council
       Prime Minister of France
       The Prime Minister of France in the Fifth Republic is the head of government and of the Council of Ministers of France. The head of state is the President of the French Republic...
       
        (1915–1917)
    2. Alexandre Ribot
       Alexandre Ribot
       Alexandre-Félix-Joseph Ribot was a French politician, four times Prime Minister.-Biography:He was born in Saint-Omer, Pas-de-Calais.After a brilliant academic career at the University of Paris, where he was lauréat of the faculty of law, he rapidly made his mark at the bar...
       
       , President of the Council
       Prime Minister of France
       The Prime Minister of France in the Fifth Republic is the head of government and of the Council of Ministers of France. The head of state is the President of the French Republic...
       
        (1917)
    3. Paul Painlevé
       Paul Painlevé
       Paul Painlevé was a French mathematician and politician. He served twice as Prime Minister of the Third Republic: 12 September – 13 November 1917 and 17 April – 22 November 1925.-Early life:Painlevé was born in Paris....
       
       , President of the Council
       Prime Minister of France
       The Prime Minister of France in the Fifth Republic is the head of government and of the Council of Ministers of France. The head of state is the President of the French Republic...
       
        (1917)
    4. Georges Clemenceau
       Georges Clemenceau
       Georges Benjamin Clemenceau was a French statesman, physician and journalist. He served as the Prime Minister of France from 1906 to 1909, and again from 1917 to 1920. For nearly the final year of World War I he led France, and was one of the major voices behind the Treaty of Versailles at the...
       
       , President of the Council
       Prime Minister of France
       The Prime Minister of France in the Fifth Republic is the head of government and of the Council of Ministers of France. The head of state is the President of the French Republic...
       
        (1917–1920)
• German Empire -
  • Monarch - Wilhelm II, German Emperor
    Kaiser
    Kaiser is the German title meaning "Emperor", with Kaiserin being the female equivalent, "Empress". Like the Russian Czar it is directly derived from the Latin Emperors' title of Caesar, which in turn is derived from the personal name of a branch of the gens Julia, to which Gaius Julius Caesar,...
    
     (1888–1918)
  • Chancellor -
    1. Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg, Chancellor of Germany (1909–1917)
    2. Georg Michaelis
       Georg Michaelis
       Georg Michaelis became the first Chancellor of Germany with a non-noble background.-Biography :Michaelis, born in Haynau in the Prussian Province of Silesia, grew up in Frankfurt...
       
       , Chancellor of Germany (1917)
    3. Count Georg von Hertling, Chancellor of Germany (1917–1918)
  • Prussia -
    • Monarch - Wilhelm II, King of Prussia (1888–1918)
    • Prime Minister - German Chancellor also served as Minister-President of Prussia
      Prime Minister of Prussia
      The office of Minister President or Prime Minister of Prussia existed in one form or another from 1702 until the dissolution of Prussia in 1947. When Prussia was an independent kingdom the Minister President or Prime Minister functioned as the King's Chief Minister and presided over the Prussian...
      
      
  • Bavaria - Ludwig III
    Ludwig III of Bavaria
    Ludwig III , was the last King of Bavaria, reigning from 1913 to 1918.-Early life:...
    
    , King of Bavaria
    King of Bavaria
    King of Bavaria was a title held by the hereditary Wittelsbach rulers of Bavaria in the state known as the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1805 until 1918, when the kingdom was abolished...
    
     (1913–1918)
  • Saxony - Frederick Augustus III
    Frederick Augustus III of Saxony
    This article is about King Frederick Augustus III of Saxony. For the elector Frederick Augustus III, see Frederick Augustus I of Saxony.Frederick Augustus III was the last King of Saxony and a member of the House of Wettin.Born in Dresden, Frederick Augustus was the son of King George of Saxony...
    
    , King of Saxony (1904–1918)
  • Württemberg - William II
    William II of Württemberg
    William II was the fourth King of Württemberg, from 6 October 1891 until the abolition of the kingdom on 30 November 1918...
    
    , King of Württemberg (1891–1918)
• Greece
  • Monarch -
    1. Constantine I
       Constantine I of Greece
       Constantine I was King of Greece from 1913 to 1917 and from 1920 to 1922. He was commander-in-chief of the Hellenic Army during the unsuccessful Greco-Turkish War of 1897 and led the Greek forces during the successful Balkan Wars of 1912–1913, in which Greece won Thessaloniki and doubled in...
       
       , King of the Hellenes (1913–1917)
    2. Alexander, King of the Hellenes (1917–1920)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Spyridon Lambros
       Spyridon Lambros
       Spyridon Lambros or Lampros was a Greek history professor and, briefly, Prime Minister of Greece.He was born in Corfu in 1851 and was educated in London, Paris and Vienna studying history....
       
       , Prime Minister of Greece
       Prime Minister of Greece
       The Prime Minister of Greece , officially the Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic , is the head of government of the Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Greek cabinet. The current interim Prime Minister is Lucas Papademos, a former Vice President of the European Central Bank, following...
       
        (1916–1917)
    2. Alexandros Zaimis
       Alexandros Zaimis
       Alexandros Zaimis was a former Greek Prime Minister, Minister of the Interior, Minister of Justice, and High Commissioner of Crete. He served as Prime Minister six times.-Early Life and Family:...
       
       , Prime Minister of Greece
       Prime Minister of Greece
       The Prime Minister of Greece , officially the Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic , is the head of government of the Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Greek cabinet. The current interim Prime Minister is Lucas Papademos, a former Vice President of the European Central Bank, following...
       
        (1917)
    3. Eleftherios Venizelos
       Eleftherios Venizelos
       Eleftherios Venizelos was an eminent Greek revolutionary, a prominent and illustrious statesman as well as a charismatic leader in the early 20th century. Elected several times as Prime Minister of Greece and served from 1910 to 1920 and from 1928 to 1932...
       
       , Prime Minister of Greece
       Prime Minister of Greece
       The Prime Minister of Greece , officially the Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic , is the head of government of the Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Greek cabinet. The current interim Prime Minister is Lucas Papademos, a former Vice President of the European Central Bank, following...
       
        (1917–1920)
• Italy
  • Monarch - Vittorio Emanuele III
    Victor Emmanuel III of Italy
    Victor Emmanuel III was a member of the House of Savoy and King of Italy . In addition, he claimed the crowns of Ethiopia and Albania and claimed the titles Emperor of Ethiopia and King of Albania , which were unrecognised by the Great Powers...
    
    , King of Italy
    King of Italy
    King of Italy is a title adopted by many rulers of the Italian peninsula after the fall of the Roman Empire...
    
     (1900–1946)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Paolo Boselli
       Paolo Boselli
       Paolo Boselli was an Italian politician who served as the 34th Prime Minister of Italy during World War I.Boselli was born in Savona, Liguria....
       
       , Prime Minister of Italy
       Prime minister of Italy
       The Prime Minister of Italy is the head of government of the Italian Republic...
       
        (1916–1917)
    2. Vittorio Orlando, Prime Minister of Italy
       Prime minister of Italy
       The Prime Minister of Italy is the head of government of the Italian Republic...
       
        (1917–1919)
• Luxembourg
  • Monarch - Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
    Grand Duke of Luxembourg
    The Grand Duke of Luxembourg is the sovereign monarch and head of state of Luxembourg. Luxembourg has been a grand duchy since 15 March 1815, when it was elevated from a duchy when placed in personal union with the United Kingdom of the Netherlands...
    
     (1912–1919)
  • Prime Minister -
  1. Victor Thorn, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1916-19 June 1917)
  2. Léon Kauffmann, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (19 June 1917-1918)
• Netherlands -
  • Monarch - Wilhelmina
    Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
    Wilhelmina was Queen regnant of the Kingdom of the Netherlands from 1890 to 1948. She ruled the Netherlands for fifty-eight years, longer than any other Dutch monarch. Her reign saw World War I and World War II, the economic crisis of 1933, and the decline of the Netherlands as a major colonial...
    
    , Queen of the Netherlands
    Monarchy of the Netherlands
    The Netherlands has been an independent monarchy since 16 March 1815, and has been governed by members of the House of Orange-Nassau since.-Constitutional role and position of the monarch:...
    
     (1890–1948)
  • Prime Minister - Pieter Cort van der Linden
    Pieter Cort van der Linden
    Pieter Wilhelm Adriaan Cort van der Linden was a Dutch politician. He served as prime minister of the Netherlands between 1913 and 1918....
    
    , Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers
    Prime Minister of the Netherlands
    The Prime Minister of the Netherlands is the chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands. He is the de facto head of government of the Netherlands and coordinates the policy of the government...
    
     (1913–1918)
• Norway
  • Monarch - Haakon VII
    Haakon VII of Norway
    Haakon VII , known as Prince Carl of Denmark until 1905, was the first king of Norway after the 1905 dissolution of the personal union with Sweden. He was a member of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg...
    
    , King of Norway (1905–1957)
  • Prime Minister - Gunnar Knudsen
    Gunnar Knudsen
    Gunnar Knudsen , born Aanon Gunerius Knudsen, was a Norwegian politician from the Liberal Party who had two spells as Prime Minister of Norway from 1908 to 1910 and from 1913 to 1920...
    
    , Prime Minister of Norway
    Prime Minister of Norway
    The Prime Minister of Norway is the political leader of Norway and the Head of His Majesty's Government. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Stortinget , to their political party, and ultimately the...
    
     (1913–1920)
• Ottoman Empire
  • Monarch - Mehmed V
    Mehmed V
    Mehmed V Reshad was the 35th Ottoman Sultan. He was the son of Sultan Abdülmecid I. He was succeeded by his half-brother Mehmed VI.-Birth:...
    
    , Sultan
    Ottoman Dynasty
    The Ottoman Dynasty ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1299 to 1922, beginning with Osman I , though the dynasty was not proclaimed until Orhan Bey declared himself sultan...
    
     (1909–1918)
• Portugal
  • President -
    1. Bernardino Machado, President of Portugal
       President of Portugal
       Portugal has been a republic since 1910, and since that time the head of state has been the president, whose official title is President of the Portuguese Republic ....
       
       , (1915–1917)
    2. Sidónio Pais
       Sidónio Pais
       Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais was a Portuguese politician and diplomat, the fourth President in 1918. He was known as the President-King.-Family:...
       
       , President of the Revolutionary Junta
       President of Portugal
       Portugal has been a republic since 1910, and since that time the head of state has been the president, whose official title is President of the Portuguese Republic ....
       
       , (1917–1918 - from 1918 as President of Portugal)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. António José de Almeida
       António José de Almeida
       António José de Almeida, GCTE, GCA, GCC, GCSE, , son of José António de Almeida and wife Maria Rita das Neves, was a Portuguese political figure...
       
       , President of the Ministry
       Prime Minister of Portugal
       Prime Minister is the current title of the chief of the Portuguese Government. As chief executive, the Prime Minister coordinates the action of ministers, representing the Government from the other organs of state, accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed...
       
        (1916–1917)
    2. Afonso Costa
       Afonso Costa
       Afonso Augusto da Costa, GCTE, GCL was a Portuguese lawyer, professor, and republican politician.-Political career:Costa was the leader of the Portuguese Republican Party, and he was one of the major figures of the Portuguese First Republic. He was a republican deputy in the Chamber of Deputies...
       
       , President of the Ministry
       Prime Minister of Portugal
       Prime Minister is the current title of the chief of the Portuguese Government. As chief executive, the Prime Minister coordinates the action of ministers, representing the Government from the other organs of state, accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed...
       
        (1917)
    3. Sidónio Pais
       Sidónio Pais
       Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais was a Portuguese politician and diplomat, the fourth President in 1918. He was known as the President-King.-Family:...
       
       , President of the Ministry
       Prime Minister of Portugal
       Prime Minister is the current title of the chief of the Portuguese Government. As chief executive, the Prime Minister coordinates the action of ministers, representing the Government from the other organs of state, accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed...
       
        (1917–1918)
• Romania - King Ferdinand (1914–1927) Russia
  • Monarch - Nicholas II
    Nicholas II of Russia
    Nicholas II was the last Emperor of Russia, Grand Prince of Finland, and titular King of Poland. His official short title was Nicholas II, Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias and he is known as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer by the Russian Orthodox Church.Nicholas II ruled from 1894 until...
    
    , Emperor of Russia (1894–1917) to March 15.
  • Georgy Lvov, Prime Minister of the Provisional Government
    Russian Provisional Government
    The Russian Provisional Government was the short-lived administrative body which sought to govern Russia immediately following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II . On September 14, the State Duma of the Russian Empire was officially dissolved by the newly created Directorate, and the country was...
    
    , from March 15 to July 21.
  • Alexander Kerensky
    Alexander Kerensky
    Alexander Fyodorovich Kerensky was a major political leader before and during the Russian Revolutions of 1917.Kerensky served as the second Prime Minister of the Russian Provisional Government until Vladimir Lenin was elected by the All-Russian Congress of Soviets following the October Revolution...
    
    , Prime Minister of the Provisional Government, from July 21 to November 8.
  • Vladimir Lenin
    Vladimir Lenin
    Vladimir Ilyich Lenin was a Russian Marxist revolutionary and communist politician who led the October Revolution of 1917. As leader of the Bolsheviks, he headed the Soviet state during its initial years , as it fought to establish control of Russia in the Russian Civil War and worked to create a...
    
    , Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, from November 8 (1917–1924). See also Russian Civil War
    Russian Civil War
    The Russian Civil War was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed to the Soviets, under the domination of the Bolshevik party. Soviet forces first assumed power in Petrograd The Russian Civil War (1917–1923) was a...
    
     (1917–1923).
• Spain
  • Monarch - Alfonso XIII
    Alfonso XIII of Spain
    Alfonso XIII was King of Spain from 1886 until 1931. His mother, Maria Christina of Austria, was appointed regent during his minority...
    
    , King of Spain (1886–1931)
  • Prime Minister -
  1. Álvaro Figueroa Torres, President of the Government
     Prime Minister of Spain
     The President of the Government of Spain , sometimes known in English as the Prime Minister of Spain, is the head of Government of Spain. The current office is established under the Constitution of 1978...
     
      (December 9, 1915 - April 19, 1917)
  2. Manuel García Prieto
     Manuel García Prieto
     Manuel García-Prieto, 1st Marquis of Alhucemas was a Spanish politician who was prime minister several times in his life....
     
     , President of the Government
     Prime Minister of Spain
     The President of the Government of Spain , sometimes known in English as the Prime Minister of Spain, is the head of Government of Spain. The current office is established under the Constitution of 1978...
     
      (April 19, 1917 - June 11, 1917)
  3. Eduardo Dato Iradier, President of the Government
     Prime Minister of Spain
     The President of the Government of Spain , sometimes known in English as the Prime Minister of Spain, is the head of Government of Spain. The current office is established under the Constitution of 1978...
     
      (June 11, 1917 - November 3, 1917)
  4. Manuel García Prieto
     Manuel García Prieto
     Manuel García-Prieto, 1st Marquis of Alhucemas was a Spanish politician who was prime minister several times in his life....
     
     , President of the Government
     Prime Minister of Spain
     The President of the Government of Spain , sometimes known in English as the Prime Minister of Spain, is the head of Government of Spain. The current office is established under the Constitution of 1978...
     
      (November 3, 1917 - March 22, 1918)
• Sweden
  • Monarch - Gustaf V
    Gustaf V of Sweden
    Gustaf V was King of Sweden from 1907. He was the eldest son of King Oscar II of Sweden and Sophia of Nassau, a half-sister of Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg...
    
    , King of Sweden (1907–1950)
  • Prime Minister -
  1. Hjalmar Hammarskjöld
     Hjalmar Hammarskjöld
     Knut Hjalmar Leonard Hammarskjöld was a Swedish politician, scholar, cabinet minister, Member of Parliament from 1923 to 1938 , and Prime Minister of Sweden from 1914 to 1917....
     
     , Prime Minister of Sweden
     Prime Minister of Sweden
     The Prime Minister is the head of government in the Kingdom of Sweden. Before the creation of the office of a Prime Minister in 1876, Sweden did not have a head of government separate from its head of state, namely the King, in whom the executive authority was vested...
     
      (1914–1917)
  2. Carl Swartz
     Carl Swartz
     Carl Johan Gustaf Swartz was a Swedish right-wing politician who served as Prime Minister of Sweden from 30 March 1917 to 19 October 1917...
     
     , Prime Minister of Sweden
     Prime Minister of Sweden
     The Prime Minister is the head of government in the Kingdom of Sweden. Before the creation of the office of a Prime Minister in 1876, Sweden did not have a head of government separate from its head of state, namely the King, in whom the executive authority was vested...
     
      (1917)
  3. Nils Edén
     Nils Edén
     Nils Edén was a Swedish historian and liberal politician, Prime Minister of Sweden 1917–1920, and along with Hjalmar Branting acknowledged as co-architect of Sweden's transition from quasi-absolute monarchy to a parliamentary democracy with equal male and female suffrage.Edén was born in...
     
     , Prime Minister of Sweden
     Prime Minister of Sweden
     The Prime Minister is the head of government in the Kingdom of Sweden. Before the creation of the office of a Prime Minister in 1876, Sweden did not have a head of government separate from its head of state, namely the King, in whom the executive authority was vested...
     
      (1917–1920)
• United Kingdom -
  • Monarch - George V
    George V of the United Kingdom
    George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....
    
    , King of the United Kingdom (1910–1936)
  • Prime Minister - David Lloyd George
    David Lloyd George
    David Lloyd George, 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor OM, PC was a British Liberal politician and statesman...
    
    , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
    Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
    The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the Head of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Parliament, to their political party and...
    
     (1916–1922)

North America and the Caribbean

• Canada
  • Monarch - King George V
    George V of the United Kingdom
    George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....
    
    , King of Canada (1910–1936)
  • Governor-General - Duke of Devonshire
    Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire
    Victor Christian William Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire , known as Victor Cavendish until 1908, was a British politician who served as Governor General of Canada, the 11th since Canadian Confederation....
    
    , Governor-General of Canada (1916–1921)
  • Prime Minister - Sir Robert Borden
    Robert Borden
    Sir Robert Laird Borden, PC, GCMG, KC was a Canadian lawyer and politician. He served as the eighth Prime Minister of Canada from October 10, 1911 to July 10, 1920, and was the third Nova Scotian to hold this office...
    
    , Prime Minister of Canada
    Prime Minister of Canada
    The Prime Minister of Canada is the primary minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus head of government for Canada, charged with advising the Canadian monarch or viceroy on the exercise of the executive powers vested in them by the constitution...
    
     (1911–1920)
• Costa Rica -
  1. Alfredo González Flores
     Alfredo González Flores
     Alfredo González Flores served as President of Costa Rica from 1914 to 1917. He was unable to complete his presidential mandate following a coup d'état on 27 January 1917, led by Federico Tinoco, his secretary for War and the Navy....
     
     , President of Costa Rica (1914–1917)
  2. Federico Tinoco Granados
     Federico Tinoco Granados
     Term of office: 27 January 1917 to13 August 1919– Preceded by:  Alfredo González– Succeeded by: Juan Bautista QuirósDate of birth: 21 November 1868Place of birth:San JoséDate of death: 7 September 1931Place of death:Paris, France...
     
     , President of Costa Rica (1917–1919)
• Cuba - Mario García Menocal
  Mario García Menocal
  Aurelio Mario García Menocal y Deop was President of Cuba, from 1913 to 1921...
  
  , President of Cuba (1913–1921)
• México - Venustiano Carranza
  Venustiano Carranza
  Venustiano Carranza de la Garza, was one of the leaders of the Mexican Revolution. He ultimately became President of Mexico following the overthrow of the dictatorial Huerta regime in the summer of 1914 and during his administration the current constitution of Mexico was drafted...
  
  , President of Mexico
  President of Mexico
  The President of the United Mexican States is the head of state and government of Mexico. Under the Constitution, the president is also the Supreme Commander of the Mexican armed forces...
  
   (1914–1920)
• Newfoundland
  • Monarch - King George V
    George V of the United Kingdom
    George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....
    
    , King of Newfoundland {1910-1936}
  • Governor -
    1. Walter Edward Davidson
       Walter Edward Davidson
       Sir Walter Edward Davidson KCMG was a colonial Administrator and diplomat. He served periods as Governor of the Seychelles, Governor of Newfoundland and as Governor of New South Wales, in which he died in office....
       
       , Governor of Newfoundland (1913–1917)
    2. Charles A. Harris, Governor of Newfoundland (1917–1922)
  • Prime Minister - Edward Patrick Morris, Prime Minister of Newfoundland (1909–1917)
• United States - Woodrow Wilson
  Woodrow Wilson
  Thomas Woodrow Wilson was the 28th President of the United States, from 1913 to 1921. A leader of the Progressive Movement, he served as President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and then as the Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913...
  
  , President of the United States
  President of the United States
  The President of the United States of America is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces....
  
   (1913–1921)

South America

• Argentina - Hipólito Yrigoyen
  Hipólito Yrigoyen
  Juan Hipólito del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús Irigoyen Alem was twice President of Argentina . His activism became the prime impetus behind the obtainment of universal suffrage in Argentina in 1912...
  
  , President of Argentina
  President of Argentina
  The President of the Argentine Nation , usually known as the President of Argentina, is the head of state of Argentina. Under the national Constitution, the President is also the chief executive of the federal government and Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.Through Argentine history, the...
  
   (1916–1922)
• Brazil - Venceslau Brás Pereira Gomes
  Venceslau Brás Pereira Gomes
  Venceslau Brás Pereira Gomes was a Brazilian politician. Brás was born in Brasópolis , Minas Gerais State. He became governor of that state in 1909, and in 1910 he was elected vice-president under Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca. He was elected president in 1914 and served until 1918. He declared war...
  
  , President of Brazil
  President of Brazil
  The president of Brazil is both the head of state and head of government of the Federative Republic of Brazil. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the Brazilian Armed Forces...
  
   (1914–1918)
• Paraguay - Manuel Franco
  Manuel Franco
  Manuel Franco was President of Paraguay. He was a model citizen and illustrious teacher.-Childhood and Youth:Doctor Manuel Franco was born in Concepción on June 9, 1871 in times of the government of Cirilo Antonio Rivarola...
  
  , President of Paraguay (1916–1919)
• Peru - José Pardo y Barreda
  José Pardo y Barreda
  José Simón Pardo y Barreda was a Peruvian politician who twice occupied the Presidency of Peru, from 1904 to 1908 and 1915 to 1919....
  
  , President of Peru (1915–1919)
• Uruguay - Feliciano Viera
  Feliciano Viera
  Feliciano Alberto Viera Borges was a Uruguayan political figure.-Background:He was a member of the Colorado Party and closely identified with the liberal former President José Batlle y Ordóñez, who long dominated Uruguayan political life...
  
  , President of Uruguay (1915–1919)
• Venezuela - Victorino Márquez Bustillos, provisional President of Venezuela (1915–1922)