Minuscule 35
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 35 δ309 (von Soden), is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, written on 328 parchment leaves . Paleographically
it has been assigned to the 11th century. The manuscript has complex contents, marginalia
, and many corrections.
with many corrections. The order of books: Gospels, Acts, Catholic epistles, Pauline epistles, and Book of Revelation. The text is written in 1 column per page, in 27 lines per page. It has Homilie of Chrysostomos
at the end of the Pauline epistles.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, with the (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is no a division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections with references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains tables of the (tables of contents) before each book, lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use), (lessons), Synaxarion, Menologion, subscriptions at the end of each book (with numbers of στιχοι
), and many corrections. It has lectionary equipment for the Acts, the Euthalian Apparatus
for the Catholic and Pauline epistles, and scholia for the Book of Revelation.
, and became the basis for The Gospel According to John in the Byzantine Tradition.
According to Hermann von Soden it is a member of the textual family Family Kr
. According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kr
in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 10 no profile was made. It creates the subgroup 35.
To the subgroup 35 (lacks reading 37 in Luke 1) belong the manuscripts: 141
, 170
, 204
, 394
, 402
, 516
(corr), 521
, 553
, 660
(corr), 758
(prima manu), 769
, 797
, 928, 1250, 1482, 1487, 1493, 1559, 1572, 1600, 1694 (prima manu), 2204, 2261, and 2554.
In 1 Corinthians 2:4 it reads πειθοι σοφιας (plausible wisdom), the reading is supported only by Old-Latin manuscripts Codex Augiensis
and Codex Boernerianus
.
For publication in The Gospel According to John in the Byzantine Tradition the text of the manuscript was changed in only 18 places in the Gospel of John.
In 10 places a different orthography was adopted:
In 8 places the edited text follows the corrector instead of the first hand because of an error of the first hand:
Sometimes scribe of 35 presented alternative to the running text. In these four instances the editors preferred to leave the uncorrected text as the base text and note the correction in the critical apparatus:
Also, in the edition the text John 7:53-8:11 is marked by an obelus
(÷). This is in conformity with the practice of the manuscript itself.
Formerly it was held at the Athos peninsula in Great Lavra
. Between 1643 and 1653 the manuscript was acquired for the collection of Pierre Séguier
(1588-1672), the great-grandfather of Henri-Charles de Coislin, Bishop of Metz. It became a part of the Fonds Coislin. It was added to the list of the New Testament manuscripts by Wettstein.
Bernard de Montfaucon
was the first who examined and described this manuscript. Then it was examined and described by Wettstein
, Scholz, and Paulin Martin
. C. R. Gregory saw the manuscript in 1885. The text of Revelation
was collated by Hoskier
(1929).
It is currently housed at the Bibliothèque nationale de France
(Coislin, Gr. 199) at Paris
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, written on 328 parchment leaves . Paleographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 11th century. The manuscript has complex contents, marginalia
Marginalia
Marginalia are scribbles, comments, and illuminations in the margins of a book.- Biblical manuscripts :Biblical manuscripts have liturgical notes at the margin, for liturgical use. Numbers of texts' divisions are given at the margin...
, and many corrections.
Description
The codex contains the entire New TestamentNew Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
with many corrections. The order of books: Gospels, Acts, Catholic epistles, Pauline epistles, and Book of Revelation. The text is written in 1 column per page, in 27 lines per page. It has Homilie of Chrysostomos
John Chrysostom
John Chrysostom , Archbishop of Constantinople, was an important Early Church Father. He is known for his eloquence in preaching and public speaking, his denunciation of abuse of authority by both ecclesiastical and political leaders, the Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom, and his ascetic...
at the end of the Pauline epistles.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, with the (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is no a division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections with references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains tables of the (tables of contents) before each book, lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use), (lessons), Synaxarion, Menologion, subscriptions at the end of each book (with numbers of στιχοι
Stichometry
Stichometry is a term applied to the measurement of ancient texts by στίχοι or verses of a fixed standard length.It was the custom of the Greeks and Romans to estimate the length of their literary works by measured lines...
), and many corrections. It has lectionary equipment for the Acts, the Euthalian Apparatus
Euthalian Apparatus
The Euthalian Apparatus is a collection of additional editorial material, such as divisions of text, lists, and summaries, to the New Testament's Book of Acts, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles. This additional material appears at the beginnings of books, in the margin of the text, and at the...
for the Catholic and Pauline epistles, and scholia for the Book of Revelation.
Text
It has very regular orthography, and differs only slightly from familiar printed editions of the Byzantine text. Currently it is considered to be one of the best witness of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
, and became the basis for The Gospel According to John in the Byzantine Tradition.
According to Hermann von Soden it is a member of the textual family Family Kr
Family Kr
Family Kr is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It has no uncials, no early minuscules, it has only hundreds of minuscules.- Description :...
. According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kr
Family Kr
Family Kr is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It has no uncials, no early minuscules, it has only hundreds of minuscules.- Description :...
in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 10 no profile was made. It creates the subgroup 35.
To the subgroup 35 (lacks reading 37 in Luke 1) belong the manuscripts: 141
Minuscule 141
Minuscule 141 , δ 408 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century. The manuscript has complex contents...
, 170
Minuscule 170
Minuscule 170 , ε 307 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century. It has marginalia.- Description :...
, 204
Minuscule 204
Minuscule 204 , δ 357 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 13th century.- Description :...
, 394
Minuscule 394
Minuscule 394 , δ 460 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Dated by a colophon to the year 1330.It was adapted for liturgical use.- Description :...
, 402
Minuscule 402
Minuscule 402 , ε 428 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century.It has marginalia.- Description :...
, 516
Minuscule 516
Minuscule 516 , ε 144 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.Scrivener labelled it by number 502...
(corr), 521
Minuscule 521
Minuscule 521 , ε 443 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on a parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1321 or 1322....
, 553
Minuscule 553
Minuscule 553 , ε 331 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century.Scrivener labelled it by number 540....
, 660
Minuscule 660
Minuscule 660 , ε 178 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript is lacunose...
(corr), 758
Minuscule 758 (Gregory-Aland)
Minuscule 758 , ε474 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament written on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century. The manuscript has complex contents. Scrivener labelled it as 847e.- Description :The codex contains the text of the four Gospels, on 301...
(prima manu), 769
Minuscule 769 (Gregory-Aland)
Minuscule 769 , ε540 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament written on paper. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century. The manuscript has complex contents. Scrivener labelled it as 861e.- Description :The codex contains the text of the four Gospels, on 253 paper...
, 797
Minuscule 797 (Gregory-Aland)
Minuscule 797 , ε535 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament written on paper. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century. The manuscript has complex contents.- Description :...
, 928, 1250, 1482, 1487, 1493, 1559, 1572, 1600, 1694 (prima manu), 2204, 2261, and 2554.
In 1 Corinthians 2:4 it reads πειθοι σοφιας (plausible wisdom), the reading is supported only by Old-Latin manuscripts Codex Augiensis
Codex Augiensis
Codex Augiensis, designated by Fp or 010 , α 1029 is a 9th century diglot uncial manuscript of the Pauline Epistles in double parallel columns of Greek and Latin on the same page.- Description :...
and Codex Boernerianus
Codex Boernerianus
Codex Boernerianus, designated by Gp or 012 , α 1028 , is a small New Testament codex, measuring 25 x 18 cm, written in one column per page, 20 lines per page. Dated paleographically to the 9th century. The name of the codex derives from Boerner, to whom it once belonged...
.
For publication in The Gospel According to John in the Byzantine Tradition the text of the manuscript was changed in only 18 places in the Gospel of John.
In 10 places a different orthography was adopted:
- 4:9 συχρωνται changed to συγχρωνται
- 5:8 εγερται changed to εγειρε
- 5:8 κραββατον changed to κραβαττον
- 5:9 κραββατον changed to κραβαττον
- 5:10 κραββατον changed to κραβαττον
- 5:11 κραββατον changed to κραβαττον
- 5:12 κραββατον changed to κραβαττον
- 12:6 εμελλεν changed to εμελεν
- 18:23 δαιρεις changed to δερεις
- 20:16 ραβουνι changed to ραββουνι
In 8 places the edited text follows the corrector instead of the first hand because of an error of the first hand:
- 4:13 υδατος 35* τουτο 35c
- 4:18 ο 35* ον 35c
- 10:1 αμην 35* αμην αμην 35c
- 10:16 [3 blank spaces] 35* εχω α ουκ εστιν 35c
- 10:25 αυτοις αυτοις 35* αυτοις 35c
- 12:2 om. 35* ην 35c
- 16:17 om. 35* υπαγω 35c
- 16:19 om. 35* ειπον 35c
Sometimes scribe of 35 presented alternative to the running text. In these four instances the editors preferred to leave the uncorrected text as the base text and note the correction in the critical apparatus:
- 5:4 εταρασσε το 35* εταρασσετο το 35c
- 14:3 ετοιμασω 35* ετοιμασαι 35c
- 19:38 ο ιωσηφ 35* ιωσηφ 35c
- 21:15 om. 35* ο ιησους 35c
Also, in the edition the text John 7:53-8:11 is marked by an obelus
Obelus
An obelus is a symbol consisting of a short horizontal line with a dot above and below. It is mainly used to represent the mathematical operation of division. It is therefore commonly referred to as the division sign.- History :The word "obelus" comes from the Greek word for a sharpened stick,...
(÷). This is in conformity with the practice of the manuscript itself.
History
The manuscript was dated to the 11th or 12th century. Currently it has been assigned by the INTF to the 11th century.Formerly it was held at the Athos peninsula in Great Lavra
Great Lavra
This is the monastery on Mount Athos. For the monastery associated with Saint Sabbas, see Mar Saba.The Monastery of Great Lavra is the first monastery built on Mount Athos. It is located on the southeastern foot of the Mount at an elevation of 160 metres...
. Between 1643 and 1653 the manuscript was acquired for the collection of Pierre Séguier
Pierre Séguier
-Early years:Born in Paris, France of a prominent legal family originating in Quercy. His grandfather, Pierre Séguier , was président à mortier in the parlement of Paris from 1554 to 1576, and the chancellor's father, Jean Séguier, a seigneur d'Autry, was civil lieutenant of Paris at the time of...
(1588-1672), the great-grandfather of Henri-Charles de Coislin, Bishop of Metz. It became a part of the Fonds Coislin. It was added to the list of the New Testament manuscripts by Wettstein.
Bernard de Montfaucon
Bernard de Montfaucon
Bernard de Montfaucon was a French Benedictine monk, a scholar who founded a new discipline, palaeography; an editor of works of the Fathers of the Church; he is also regarded to be one of the founders of modern archaeology.-Early life:Montfaucon was born January 13, 1655 in the castle of...
was the first who examined and described this manuscript. Then it was examined and described by Wettstein
Johann Jakob Wettstein
Johann Jakob Wettstein was a Swiss theologian, best known as a New Testament critic.-Youth and study:...
, Scholz, and Paulin Martin
Paulin Martin
Paulin Martin was a French Catholic Biblical scholar.-Life:...
. C. R. Gregory saw the manuscript in 1885. The text of Revelation
Book of Revelation
The Book of Revelation is the final book of the New Testament. The title came into usage from the first word of the book in Koine Greek: apokalupsis, meaning "unveiling" or "revelation"...
was collated by Hoskier
Herman C. Hoskier
Herman Charles Hoskier , was a biblical scholar, British textual critic, and son of a merchant banker, Herman Hoskier .Hoskier, as textual critic, supported the Byzantine text-type against the Alexandrian text-type...
(1929).
It is currently housed at the Bibliothèque nationale de France
Bibliothèque nationale de France
The is the National Library of France, located in Paris. It is intended to be the repository of all that is published in France. The current president of the library is Bruno Racine.-History:...
(Coislin, Gr. 199) at Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscripts
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- Bernard de MontfauconBernard de MontfauconBernard de Montfaucon was a French Benedictine monk, a scholar who founded a new discipline, palaeography; an editor of works of the Fathers of the Church; he is also regarded to be one of the founders of modern archaeology.-Early life:Montfaucon was born January 13, 1655 in the castle of...
, Bibliotheca Coisliniana olim Segueriana, Paris: Ludovicus Guerin & Carolus Robustel, 1715, p. 250. - Herman C. HoskierHerman C. HoskierHerman Charles Hoskier , was a biblical scholar, British textual critic, and son of a merchant banker, Herman Hoskier .Hoskier, as textual critic, supported the Byzantine text-type against the Alexandrian text-type...
, Concerning the Text of the Apocalypse 1 (London, 1929), pp. 32-33.