Minuscule 660
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 660 ε 178 (von Soden), is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on parchment. Palaeographically
it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript is lacunose. Scrivener
labelled it by 638e.
, on 341 parchment leaves (size ) with only one lacuna
(John
6:60-8:59). Lacuna in John 6:60-8:59 was supplemented by a later hand.
The text is written in one column per page, 21 lines per page, in very small letters.
It contains Epistula ad Carpianum
, the list of the is placed only before the Gospel of Mark
. The text is divided according to the (chapters), the numbers of whose are placed at the left margin, and their (titles) are given at the top. The text of the four Gospels is divided also into much smaller sections, the Ammonian Sections (in Mark 237 sections – the last numbered section in 16:15). The manuscript contains also the lectionary markings at the margin, and numerous pictures (among them portraits of the Evangelists).
. Hermann von Soden classified it as Iota text
. Kurt Aland
placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it belongs to the textual group 22a
. It belongs to subgroup 35
.
It is close textually to the codices: Tischendorfianus IV
, Guelferbytanus A
, Guelferbytanus B
, Nitriensis
, 047
, 0130, 4
, 251
, 273
, 440
, 472
, 485
, 495
, 716
, 1047, 1093, 1170, 1229, 1242, 1295, 1355, 1365, 1396, 1515, 1604. Hermann von Soden designated this group by I'.
to the 12th century.
The manuscript was bought in Constantinople
in 1882.
The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scrivener in the third edition of his A Plain Introduction... in 1883.
Gregory saw the manuscript in 1887.
Currently the manuscript is housed at the Berlin State Library
(Graec. quarto 66), in Berlin
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on parchment. Palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript is lacunose. Scrivener
Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener
The Reverend Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener, LL.D. was an important text critic of the New Testament and a member of the English New Testament Revision Committee which produced the Revised Version of the Bible...
labelled it by 638e.
Description
The codex contains the text of the New TestamentNew Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on 341 parchment leaves (size ) with only one lacuna
Lacuna (manuscripts)
A lacunaPlural lacunae. From Latin lacūna , diminutive form of lacus . is a gap in a manuscript, inscription, text, painting, or a musical work...
(John
Gospel of John
The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus...
6:60-8:59). Lacuna in John 6:60-8:59 was supplemented by a later hand.
The text is written in one column per page, 21 lines per page, in very small letters.
It contains Epistula ad Carpianum
Epistula ad Carpianum
The Epistula ad Carpianum is the title traditionally given to a letter from Eusebius of Caesarea to a Christian named Carpianus....
, the list of the is placed only before the Gospel of Mark
Gospel of Mark
The Gospel According to Mark , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Mark or simply Mark, is the second book of the New Testament. This canonical account of the life of Jesus of Nazareth is one of the three synoptic gospels. It was thought to be an epitome, which accounts for its place as the second...
. The text is divided according to the (chapters), the numbers of whose are placed at the left margin, and their (titles) are given at the top. The text of the four Gospels is divided also into much smaller sections, the Ammonian Sections (in Mark 237 sections – the last numbered section in 16:15). The manuscript contains also the lectionary markings at the margin, and numerous pictures (among them portraits of the Evangelists).
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Hermann von Soden classified it as Iota text
Caesarean text-type
Caesarean text-type is the term proposed by certain scholars to denote a consistent pattern of variant readings that is claimed to be apparent in certain Greek manuscripts of the four Gospels, but which is not found in any of the other commonly recognized New Testament text-types; the Byzantine...
. Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it belongs to the textual group 22a
Minuscule 22
Minuscule 22 , ε 288 , known also as Codex Colbertinus 2467. It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on vellum. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. Formerly it was assigned to the 11th century...
. It belongs to subgroup 35
Minuscule 35
Minuscule 35 , δ309 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on 328 parchment leaves . Paleographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. The manuscript has complex contents, marginalia, and many corrections.- Description :The codex contains the entire New Testament...
.
It is close textually to the codices: Tischendorfianus IV
Codex Tischendorfianus IV
Codex Tischendorfianus IV – designated by Γ or 036 , ε 70 – is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 10th century...
, Guelferbytanus A
Codex Guelferbytanus A
Codex Guelferbytanus A designated by Pe or 024 , ε 33 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 6th century. The manuscript is very lacunose.- Description :...
, Guelferbytanus B
Codex Guelferbytanus B
Codex Guelferbytanus B designated by Q or 026 , ε 4 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 5th century.It is a palimpsest.- Contents :Gospel of Luke...
, Nitriensis
Codex Nitriensis
Codex Nitriensis designated by R or 027 , ε 22 , is a 6th century Greek New Testament codex containing the Gospel of Luke, in a fragmentary condition. It is a two column manuscript in majuscules , measuring .- Description :The text is written in two columns per page, 25 lines per page, in large...
, 047
Uncial 047
Uncial 047 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels. The codex is dated paleographically to the 8th century. Formerly the codex was designated by Hebrew letter ב...
, 0130, 4
Minuscule 4
Minuscule 4 , ε 371 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on 212 parchment leaves , dated palaeographically to the 13th century. Formerly it was named Codex Regius 84.It has full marginalia...
, 251
Minuscule 251
Minuscule 251 , ε 192 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 12th century.The manuscript has complex contents.- Description :...
, 273
Minuscule 273
Minuscule 273 , ε 370 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum, but partly on cotton paper. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century....
, 440
Minuscule 440
Minuscule 440 , δ 260 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment...
, 472
Minuscule 472
Minuscule 472 , α 1386 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment...
, 485
Minuscule 485
Minuscule 485 , ε 247 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment...
, 495
Minuscule 495
Minuscule 495 , ε 243 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century.Scrivener labelled it by number 581....
, 716
Minuscule 716
Minuscule 716 , ε448 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century. The manuscript is in the British Library as MS Egerton 2784.The manuscript has complex contents...
, 1047, 1093, 1170, 1229, 1242, 1295, 1355, 1365, 1396, 1515, 1604. Hermann von Soden designated this group by I'.
History
Scrivener dated it to the 11th or 12th century, Gregory to the 11th century. Currently the manuscript is dated by the INTFInstitute for New Testament Textual Research
The Institute for New Testament Textual Research at the University of Münster, Westphalia, Germany, is an institute for the investigation of the text of the New Testament. The INTF was founded in Münster in 1959 by Professor Kurt Aland , the first director of the Institute...
to the 12th century.
The manuscript was bought in Constantinople
Constantinople
Constantinople was the capital of the Roman, Eastern Roman, Byzantine, Latin, and Ottoman Empires. Throughout most of the Middle Ages, Constantinople was Europe's largest and wealthiest city.-Names:...
in 1882.
The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scrivener in the third edition of his A Plain Introduction... in 1883.
Gregory saw the manuscript in 1887.
Currently the manuscript is housed at the Berlin State Library
Berlin State Library
The Berlin State Library is a library in Berlin, Germany and a property of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation.-Buildings:The State Library runs several premises, three of which are open for users, namely House 1 in Unter den Linden 8, House 2 in Potsdamer Straße 33 and the newspaper archive...
(Graec. quarto 66), in Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...