Minuscule 565
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 565 ε 93 (Soden), also known as the Empress Theodora's Codex. It is a Greek minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on purple parchment, dated palaeographically
to the 9th century. It was labelled by Scrivener as 473.
The manuscript is lacunose.
s on 392 purple parchment leaves (17.6 by 19.2 cm) lacunae
(Matthew 20:18-26, 21:45-22:9, Luke 10:36-11:2, 18:25-37, 20:24-26, 11:26-48, 13:2-23, John 17:1-12). The text is written in one column per page, 17 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose number are given at the margin, and the τιτλοι (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages (in silver uncials). There is also a division according to the Ammonian Sections, (no references to the Eusebian Canons).
It contains the Eusebian tables (added by later hand), tables of the (tables of contents) are placed before every Gospel. It has the famous Jerusalem Colophon
.
The manuscript is similar to Beratinus 2
.
. Aland
placed it in Category III. In Mark this manuscript is closely aligned to Codex Koridethi
. According to Aland the quality of the text is higher in Gospel of Mark, and lower in Matthew and Luke.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents the Alexandrian text
in Luke 1
and Kx
in Luke 10 and Luke 20.
In John 1:29 it lacks ο Ιωαννης along with manuscripts Sinaiticus
, Alexandrinus
, Vaticanus
, Cyprius
, Campianus
, Petropolitanus Purpureus
, Vaticanus 354
, Nanianus
, Macedoniensis
, Sangallensis, Koridethi
, Petropolitanus, Athous Lavrensis, 045
, 047
, 0141
, 8
, 9
, 1192;
In John 14:14 the entire verse is omitted along with the manuscripts: X
f1
1009 1365 ℓ 76
ℓ 253
b
vgmss syrs, pal arm geo Diatessaron.
It lacks the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:1), with an explanatory note.
(along with the codices 566
, 568
-572
, 574
, 575
, and 1567). The text of Mark was edited in 1885 by Johannes Engebretsen Belsheim
.
The codex now is located at the Russian National Library
(Gr. 53) at Saint Petersburg
.
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on purple parchment, dated palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
to the 9th century. It was labelled by Scrivener as 473.
The manuscript is lacunose.
Description
The codex is one of only two known purple minuscules (minuscule 1143 is the other) written with gold ink. It contains the text of the four GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s on 392 purple parchment leaves (17.6 by 19.2 cm) lacunae
Lacuna (manuscripts)
A lacunaPlural lacunae. From Latin lacūna , diminutive form of lacus . is a gap in a manuscript, inscription, text, painting, or a musical work...
(Matthew 20:18-26, 21:45-22:9, Luke 10:36-11:2, 18:25-37, 20:24-26, 11:26-48, 13:2-23, John 17:1-12). The text is written in one column per page, 17 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose number are given at the margin, and the τιτλοι (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages (in silver uncials). There is also a division according to the Ammonian Sections, (no references to the Eusebian Canons).
It contains the Eusebian tables (added by later hand), tables of the (tables of contents) are placed before every Gospel. It has the famous Jerusalem Colophon
Jerusalem Colophon
The Jerusalem Colophon is a colophon found in a number of New Testament manuscripts, including Λ , 20, 153, 157, 164, 215, 262, 300, 376, 428, 565, 566, 686, 718, 728, 748, 829, 899, 901, 922, 980, 1032, 1071, 1118, 1121, 1124, 1187, 1198, 1355, 1422, 1521, 1545, 1555, 1682, 2145, and 2245...
.
The manuscript is similar to Beratinus 2
Minuscule 1143
Minuscule 1143 , ε 1035 , also known as the Beratinus 2, or Codex Aureus Anthimi. It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on purple parchment, dated paleographically to the 9th century...
.
Text
The Greek text of the codex, is a representative of the Caesarean text-typeCaesarean text-type
Caesarean text-type is the term proposed by certain scholars to denote a consistent pattern of variant readings that is claimed to be apparent in certain Greek manuscripts of the four Gospels, but which is not found in any of the other commonly recognized New Testament text-types; the Byzantine...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category III. In Mark this manuscript is closely aligned to Codex Koridethi
Codex Koridethi
The Codex Koridethi, also named Codex Coridethianus, designated by Θ, 038, or Theta , ε 050 , is a 9th century manuscript of the four Gospels. It is written in Greek with uncial script in two columns per page, in 25 lines per page...
. According to Aland the quality of the text is higher in Gospel of Mark, and lower in Matthew and Luke.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents the Alexandrian text
Alexandrian text-type
The Alexandrian text-type , associated with Alexandria, is one of several text-types used in New Testament textual criticism to describe and group the textual character of biblical manuscripts...
in Luke 1
Luke 1
Luke 1 is the first chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It describes the events leading up to the birth of Jesus. It is written to Theophilus, who could be a real person or could simply mean a fellow Christian as theo philus is Greek for God lover...
and Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
in Luke 10 and Luke 20.
In John 1:29 it lacks ο Ιωαννης along with manuscripts Sinaiticus
Codex Sinaiticus
Codex Sinaiticus is one of the four great uncial codices, an ancient, handwritten copy of the Greek Bible. It is an Alexandrian text-type manuscript written in the 4th century in uncial letters on parchment. Current scholarship considers the Codex Sinaiticus to be one of the best Greek texts of...
, Alexandrinus
Codex Alexandrinus
The Codex Alexandrinus is a 5th century manuscript of the Greek Bible,The Greek Bible in this context refers to the Bible used by Greek-speaking Christians who lived in Egypt and elsewhere during the early history of Christianity...
, Vaticanus
Codex Vaticanus
The Codex Vaticanus , is one of the oldest extant manuscripts of the Greek Bible , one of the four great uncial codices. The Codex is named for the residence in the Vatican Library, where it has been stored since at least the 15th century...
, Cyprius
Codex Cyprius
Codex Cyprius, designated by Ke or 017 , ε 71 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the four Gospels, on parchment. It was variously dated in the past , currently it is dated to the 9th century. It was brought from Cyprus to Paris...
, Campianus
Codex Campianus
Codex Campianus designated by M or 021 , ε 72 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 9th century...
, Petropolitanus Purpureus
Codex Petropolitanus Purpureus
Codex Petropolitanus Purpureus, designated by N or 022 , ε 19 , is a 6th century Greek New Testament codex gospel book. Written in majuscules , on 231 parchment leaves, measuring 32 x 27 cm...
, Vaticanus 354
Codex Vaticanus 354
Codex Vaticanus, designated by S or 028 , ε 1027 , formerly called Codex Guelpherbytanus, is a Greek manuscript of the four Gospels which can be dated to a specific year instead of an estimated range. The colophon of the codex lists the date as 949...
, Nanianus
Codex Nanianus
Codex Nanianus, designated by siglum U or 030 , ε 90 , is a Greek uncial manuscripts of the New Testament on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript has complex contents, with full marginalia . The codex is named after its last owner...
, Macedoniensis
Codex Macedoniensis
Codex Macedoniensis or Macedonianus designated by Y or 034 , ε 073 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript is lacunose....
, Sangallensis, Koridethi
Codex Koridethi
The Codex Koridethi, also named Codex Coridethianus, designated by Θ, 038, or Theta , ε 050 , is a 9th century manuscript of the four Gospels. It is written in Greek with uncial script in two columns per page, in 25 lines per page...
, Petropolitanus, Athous Lavrensis, 045
Codex Athous Dionysiou
Codex Athous Dionysiou, designated by Ω or 045 , ε 61 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament...
, 047
Uncial 047
Uncial 047 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels. The codex is dated paleographically to the 8th century. Formerly the codex was designated by Hebrew letter ב...
, 0141
Uncial 0141
Uncial 0141 , CL13 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 10th century.- Description :...
, 8
Minuscule 8
Minuscule 8 , ε 164 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. It is dated palaeographically to the 11th century. The manuscript has complex contents. It has complex contents anbd full marginalia.- Description :The codex contains the complete text of the four Gospels, on...
, 9
Minuscule 9
Minuscule 9 , ε 279 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century, but according to the colophon it was written in the year 1167....
, 1192;
In John 14:14 the entire verse is omitted along with the manuscripts: X
Codex Monacensis
Codex Monacensis designated by X or 033 , A3 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 9th or 10th century...
f1
Family 1
Family 1 is a group of Greek Gospel manuscripts, varying in date from the 12th to the 15th century. The group takes its name from the minuscule codex 1, now in the Basel University Library. "Family 1" is also known as "the Lake Group", symbolized as f1. Hermann von Soden calls the group Ih...
1009 1365 ℓ 76
Lectionary 76
Lectionary 76, designated by siglum ℓ 76 , is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century.- Description :...
ℓ 253
Lectionary 253
Lectionary 253, designated by siglum ℓ 253 is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1020. Scrivener labelled it as 196evl.- Description :...
b
Codex Veronensis
The Codex Veronensis, designated by siglum b or 4 , is a 4th or 5th century Latin Gospel Book. The text, written on purple dyed vellum in silver and occasionally gold ink, is a version of the old Latin. The Gospels follow in the Western order.- Description :The manuscript contains the Latin text of...
vgmss syrs, pal arm geo Diatessaron.
It lacks the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:1), with an explanatory note.
History
The manuscript comes from the area of the Black Sea. In 1829 it was brought to Petersburg. The manuscript was examined and described by Eduard de MuraltEduard de Muralt
Eduard de Muralt , Professor of theology, librarian, palaeographer.Born in Bischofszell, as son of Kaspar, a dealer, and of Elizabeth Sprüngli. Studies of theology in Zurich , then of philology and philosophy in Berlin, Jena and Paris. Muralt emigrated to Russia in 1834, took the German Protestant...
(along with the codices 566
Minuscule 566
Minuscule 566 , ε 93 , also known as the Empress Theodora's Codex. It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century.- Description :...
, 568
Minuscule 568
Minuscule 568 , ε 189 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 10th century.- Description :...
-572
Minuscule 572
Minuscule 572 , ε 1221 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the year 12th century...
, 574
Minuscule 574
Minuscule 574 , ε 1295 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment...
, 575
Minuscule 575
Minuscule 575 , ε 352 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 15th century. It was labeled by Scrivener as 477....
, and 1567). The text of Mark was edited in 1885 by Johannes Engebretsen Belsheim
Johannes Belsheim
Johannes Engebretsen Belsheim was a Norwegian teacher, priest, translator and biographer. He is known for his studies of biblical handwritings, including the Codex Aureus, Codex Gigas, Codex Corbeiensis I, Codex Palatinus, Codex Veronensis, and Codex Claromontanus V...
.
The codex now is located at the Russian National Library
Russian National Library
The National Library of Russia in St Petersburg, known as the State Public Saltykov-Shchedrin Library from 1932 to 1992 , is the oldest public library in Russia...
(Gr. 53) at Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea...
.
Further reading
- Eduard de MuraltEduard de MuraltEduard de Muralt , Professor of theology, librarian, palaeographer.Born in Bischofszell, as son of Kaspar, a dealer, and of Elizabeth Sprüngli. Studies of theology in Zurich , then of philology and philosophy in Berlin, Jena and Paris. Muralt emigrated to Russia in 1834, took the German Protestant...
, Catalogue des manuscrits grecs de la Bibliothèque Impériale publique (Petersburg 1864). - A. Schmidtke, Neue Fragmente und Untersuchungen zu den judenchristlichen Evangelien, T & U 37/1 (Leipzig, 1911), pp. 1-31.
- B. H. StreeterBurnett Hillman StreeterBurnett Hillman Streeter was a British biblical scholar and textual critic.-Life:He was educated at Queen's College, Oxford. Streeter was ordained in 1899 and was a member of the Archbishop’s Commission on Doctrine in the Church of England...
, The Four Gospels: A Study of Origins (MacMillan, 1924). - G. D. Kilpatrick, Codex 565 of the Gospels, TZ 25.
External links
- Minuscule 565 (GA) at the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism