Papal election of March 19, 1227 – papal election convoked after the death of Pope Honorius III

Pope Honorius III

Pope Honorius III , previously known as Cencio Savelli, was Pope from 1216 to 1227.-Early work:He was born in Rome as son of Aimerico...

 at Rome

Rome

Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...

 (March 18, 1227).

The cardinal

Cardinal (Catholicism)

A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official, usually an ordained bishop, and ecclesiastical prince of the Catholic Church. They are collectively known as the College of Cardinals, which as a body elects a new pope. The duties of the cardinals include attending the meetings of the College and...

s present at Rome assembled in Septizodium on the next day after the death of Honorius III and decided to elect the new Pope by compromissum, it means not by the whole Sacred College of Cardinals but by the committee of few of them, empowered by the rest to appoint the new Pontiff. The same procedure had been already used in the previous election

Papal election, 1216

Papal election of July 18, 1216 – papal election convoked after the death of Pope Innocent III in Perugia , elected Cardinal Cencio Camerario, who took the name of Honorius III.-List of participants:...

. The committee numbered three cardinals, among whom were cardinal-bishops Ugolino di Segni of Ostia and Konrad von Urach of Porto (the name of the third one is not registered). Initially the committee elected its member Konrad von Urach with two votes out three, but he refused the tiara. Hereupon the rest of cardinals unanimously elected Ugolino di Segni (another committee member) on March 19, 1227. He reluctantly accepted the high honour, taking the name of Gregory IX.

The new Pope received the pallium

Pallium

The pallium is an ecclesiastical vestment in the Roman Catholic Church, originally peculiar to the Pope, but for many centuries bestowed by him on metropolitans and primates as a symbol of the jurisdiction delegated to them by the Holy See. In that context it has always remained unambiguously...

 in the Vatican Basilica on March 21, 1227, and on the same day was enthroned in the Lateran Basilica. On April 11, 1227, his relative Ottaviano Conti di Segni, archdeacon of the Sacred College, solemnly crowned

Papal Coronation

A papal coronation was the ceremony of the placing of the Papal Tiara on a newly elected pope. The first recorded papal coronation was that of Pope Celestine II in 1143. Soon after his coronation in 1963, Pope Paul VI abandoned the practice of wearing the tiara. His successors have chosen not to...

 him in the Basilica di S. Maria in Maggiore.

List of participants

Probably 14 out of 18 cardinals participated in the election:

Elector	Cardinalatial title	Elevated	Elevator	Other ecclesiastical titles	Notes
Ugolino di Segni Pope Gregory IX Pope Gregory IX, born Ugolino di Conti, was pope from March 19, 1227 to August 22, 1241.The successor of Pope Honorius III , he fully inherited the traditions of Pope Gregory VII and of his uncle Pope Innocent III , and zealously continued their policy of Papal supremacy.-Early life:Ugolino was...	Bishop of Ostia e Velletri	December 19, 1198	Innocent III Pope Innocent III Pope Innocent III was Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death. His birth name was Lotario dei Conti di Segni, sometimes anglicised to Lothar of Segni....	Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals	Cardinal-nephew Cardinal-nephew A cardinal-nephew is a cardinal elevated by a Pope who is that cardinal's uncle, or, more generally, his relative. The practice of creating cardinal-nephews originated in the Middle Ages, and reached its apex during the 16th and 17th centuries. The word nepotism originally referred specifically to... ; elected Pope Gregory IX Pope Gregory IX Pope Gregory IX, born Ugolino di Conti, was pope from March 19, 1227 to August 22, 1241.The successor of Pope Honorius III , he fully inherited the traditions of Pope Gregory VII and of his uncle Pope Innocent III , and zealously continued their policy of Papal supremacy.-Early life:Ugolino was...
Pelagio Galvani Pelagio Galvani Pelagio Galvani was a Leonese Cardinal, and canon lawyer. He became a papal legate and leader of the Fifth Crusade....	Bishop of Albano	ca. 1206/1207	Innocent III Pope Innocent III Pope Innocent III was Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death. His birth name was Lotario dei Conti di Segni, sometimes anglicised to Lothar of Segni....
Nicola de Chiaramonte, O.Cist.	Bishop of Frascati	1218/1219	Honorius III Pope Honorius III Pope Honorius III , previously known as Cencio Savelli, was Pope from 1216 to 1227.-Early work:He was born in Rome as son of Aimerico...
Konrad von Urach, O.Cist.	Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina	January 8, 1219	Honorius III Pope Honorius III Pope Honorius III , previously known as Cencio Savelli, was Pope from 1216 to 1227.-Early work:He was born in Rome as son of Aimerico...		Elected Pope but declined
Guido Pierleoni	Bishop of Palestrina	December 18, 1204	Innocent III Pope Innocent III Pope Innocent III was Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death. His birth name was Lotario dei Conti di Segni, sometimes anglicised to Lothar of Segni....	Archpriest of the Vatican Basilica
Guala Bicchieri Guala Bicchieri Guala Bicchieri was an Italian diplomat and papal official, and Cardinal. He was the papal legate in England from 1216 to 1218, and took a prominent role in the politics of England during King John’s last years and Henry III’s early minority.... , C.R.S.P.	Priest of SS. Silvestro e Martino ai Monti	December 18, 1204	Innocent III Pope Innocent III Pope Innocent III was Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death. His birth name was Lotario dei Conti di Segni, sometimes anglicised to Lothar of Segni....	Protopriest Protopriest Protopriest — in the College of Cardinals, is the first Cardinal-Priest in the order of precedence. This title is always attached to the most senior Cardinal Priest according to date of his creation. From the 17th century until the end of 19th century Protopriest usually opted for the titulus San...
Stefano di Ceccano, O.Cist.	Priest of SS. XII Apostoli	May 19, 1212	Innocent III Pope Innocent III Pope Innocent III was Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death. His birth name was Lotario dei Conti di Segni, sometimes anglicised to Lothar of Segni....
Tommaso da Capua	Priest of S. Sabina	March 5, 1216	Innocent III Pope Innocent III Pope Innocent III was Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death. His birth name was Lotario dei Conti di Segni, sometimes anglicised to Lothar of Segni....	Grand penitentiary
Ottaviano dei Conti di Segni Ottaviano dei Conti di Segni Ottaviano dei Conti di Segni was an Italian cardinal and cardinal-nephew of Pope Innocent III, his cousin who elevated him probably in May 1206...	Deacon of SS. Sergio e Bacco	May 27, 1206	Innocent III Pope Innocent III Pope Innocent III was Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death. His birth name was Lotario dei Conti di Segni, sometimes anglicised to Lothar of Segni....	Protodeacon Protodeacon Protodeacon derives from the Greek proto- meaning 'first' and diakonos, which is a standard ancient Greek word meaning "servant", "waiting-man," "minister" or "messenger." The word in English may refer to various clergymen, depending upon the usage of the particular church in question.-Eastern...	Cardinal-nephew Cardinal-nephew A cardinal-nephew is a cardinal elevated by a Pope who is that cardinal's uncle, or, more generally, his relative. The practice of creating cardinal-nephews originated in the Middle Ages, and reached its apex during the 16th and 17th centuries. The word nepotism originally referred specifically to...
Rainiero Capocci, O.Cist.	Deacon of S. Maria in Cosmedin	March 5, 1216	Innocent III Pope Innocent III Pope Innocent III was Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death. His birth name was Lotario dei Conti di Segni, sometimes anglicised to Lothar of Segni....
Stefano de Normandis dei Conti	Deacon of S. Adriano	March 5, 1216	Innocent III Pope Innocent III Pope Innocent III was Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death. His birth name was Lotario dei Conti di Segni, sometimes anglicised to Lothar of Segni....		Cardinal-nephew Cardinal-nephew A cardinal-nephew is a cardinal elevated by a Pope who is that cardinal's uncle, or, more generally, his relative. The practice of creating cardinal-nephews originated in the Middle Ages, and reached its apex during the 16th and 17th centuries. The word nepotism originally referred specifically to...
Gregorio Crescenzi	Deacon of S. Teodoro	March 5, 1216	Innocent III Pope Innocent III Pope Innocent III was Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death. His birth name was Lotario dei Conti di Segni, sometimes anglicised to Lothar of Segni....
Gil Torres Gil Torres Don Gilberto Torres Núñez was a baseball player for the 1940 and 1944-1946 Washington Senators team. He is the son of Ricardo Torres, who was also a baseball player. He threw right-handed and batted right-handed. He debuted on April 25, 1940 and his final game was on September 14, 1946...	Deacon of SS. Cosma e Damiano	February 18, 1217	Honorius III Pope Honorius III Pope Honorius III , previously known as Cencio Savelli, was Pope from 1216 to 1227.-Early work:He was born in Rome as son of Aimerico...
Pietro Caputo	Deacon of S. Giorgio in Velabro	1219	Honorius III Pope Honorius III Pope Honorius III , previously known as Cencio Savelli, was Pope from 1216 to 1227.-Early work:He was born in Rome as son of Aimerico...

Absentee cardinal

Probably four cardinals were absent:

Elector	Cardinalatial title	Elevated	Elevator	Notes
Thomas Olivier	Bishop of Sabina	September 1225	Honorius III Pope Honorius III Pope Honorius III , previously known as Cencio Savelli, was Pope from 1216 to 1227.-Early work:He was born in Rome as son of Aimerico...	Papal Legate in Germany
Stephen Langton Stephen Langton Stephen Langton was Archbishop of Canterbury between 1207 and his death in 1228 and was a central figure in the dispute between King John of England and Pope Innocent III, which ultimately led to the issuing of Magna Carta in 1215...	S.R.E. cardinalis	May 27, 1206	Innocent III Pope Innocent III Pope Innocent III was Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death. His birth name was Lotario dei Conti di Segni, sometimes anglicised to Lothar of Segni....	Archbishop of Canterbury Archbishop of Canterbury The Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion, and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. In his role as head of the Anglican Communion, the archbishop leads the third largest group...  1207-1228; resigned his titulus S. Crisogono after receiving episcopal consecration in 1207; external cardinal External cardinal External cardinal is a term used to describe an opposite to the "curial cardinal," with reference to the certain category of the members of the College of Cardinals in the late Middle Ages...
Giovanni Colonna di Carbognano	Priest of S. Prassede	May 27, 1206	Innocent III Pope Innocent III Pope Innocent III was Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death. His birth name was Lotario dei Conti di Segni, sometimes anglicised to Lothar of Segni....	Rector of Spoleto
Romano Bonaventura Romano Bonaventura Romano Bonaventura was a Catholic Christian prelate, Cardinal deacon of Sant'Angelo in Pescheria, his titulus , bishop of Porto-Santa Rufina , a cardinal-legate to the court of France....	Deacon of S. Maria in Portico	March 5, 1216	Innocent III Pope Innocent III Pope Innocent III was Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death. His birth name was Lotario dei Conti di Segni, sometimes anglicised to Lothar of Segni....	Papal Legate in the southern France

Sources

Konrad Eubel

Konrad Eubel

Konrad Eubel or Conradus Eubel was a German Franciscan historian. He is known for his reference work, the Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, on medieval popes, cardinals and bishops. It appeared in three volumes, beginning in 1898...

, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, volumen I, 1913

F. Bourkle-Young: notes to the papal election of 1227

Vatican history

The Catholic Encyclopedia: Pope Gregory IX

Werner Maleczek, Papst und Kardinalskolleg von 1191 bis 1216, Wien 1984

Timo Bandhold, Die Wahl Papst Gregors IX., 2007, ISBN 3638810224

Gaetano Moroni

Gaetano Moroni

Gaetano Moroni was an Italian writer, the author of the well-known Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica.- Biography :Moroni was born in Rome....

, Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da S. Pietro sino ai nostri giorni Vol. XXXII and vol. LXXXV, Tipografia Emiliana, Venezia, 1840 - 1861