Papyrus 75 - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Papyrus 75 is an early Greek New Testament papyrus.

Description

Originally '[it] contained about 144 pages ... of which 102 have survived, either in whole or in part.' It 'contains about half the text of ... two Gospels' – Luke

Gospel of Luke

The Gospel According to Luke , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Luke or simply Luke, is the third and longest of the four canonical Gospels. This synoptic gospel is an account of the life and ministry of Jesus of Nazareth. It details his story from the events of his birth to his Ascension.The...

(Papyrus Bodmer

Bodmer Papyri

The Bodmer Papyri are a group of twenty-two papyri discovered in Egypt in 1952. They are named after Martin Bodmer who purchased them. The papyri contain segments from the Old and New Testaments, early Christian literature, Homer and Menander. The oldest, P66 dates to c. 200. The papyri are kept at...

XIV) and John

Gospel of John

The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus...

(Papyrus Bodmer

Bodmer Papyri

XV) in Greek

Greek language

Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...

. It is dated in Nestle-Aland (27th edition, NA27) as being an early third century manuscript

Biblical manuscript

A biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...

. It is one the earliest manuscripts (along with ⁴

Papyrus 4

Papyrus 4 is an early New Testament papyri of the Gospel of Luke in Greek. It is dated as being a late 2nd/early 3rd century manuscript.- Description :...

) of the Gospel of Luke

Gospel of Luke

. 'The surviving fragment contains Luke 3:18-24:53 ...' An unusual feature of this codex is that when the Gospel of Luke

Gospel of Luke

ends, the Gospel of John

Gospel of John

begins on the same page.

It lacks text of Christ's agony at Gethsemane

Christ's agony at Gethsemane

Christ's agony at Gethsemane is a passage in the Gospel of Luke , describing a prayer of Jesus, after which he receives strength from an angel, on the Mount of Olives prior to his betrayal and arrest...

(Luke 22:43–44).

It uses staurogram in Luke 14:27.

Text

The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type

Alexandrian text-type

The Alexandrian text-type , associated with Alexandria, is one of several text-types used in New Testament textual criticism to describe and group the textual character of biblical manuscripts...

. Kurt Aland

Kurt Aland

Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...

placed it in Category I. The text is closer to Codex Vaticanus

Codex Vaticanus

The Codex Vaticanus , is one of the oldest extant manuscripts of the Greek Bible , one of the four great uncial codices. The Codex is named for the residence in the Vatican Library, where it has been stored since at least the 15th century...

than to Codex Sinaiticus

Codex Sinaiticus

Codex Sinaiticus is one of the four great uncial codices, an ancient, handwritten copy of the Greek Bible. It is an Alexandrian text-type manuscript written in the 4th century in uncial letters on parchment. Current scholarship considers the Codex Sinaiticus to be one of the best Greek texts of...

. Agreement between

⁷⁵ and codex B is 92% in John, and 94% in Luke. It concurs with

¹¹¹.

According to Kurt Aland,

⁷⁵ is the key for understanding the primitive textual history of New Testament.

In Luke 8:21 it reads αυτον instead of αυτους; the reading is supported by Minuscule 705

Minuscule 705

Minuscule 705 , ε360 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century. The manuscript has complex contents...

and Codex Veronensis

Codex Veronensis

The Codex Veronensis, designated by siglum b or 4 , is a 4th or 5th century Latin Gospel Book. The text, written on purple dyed vellum in silver and occasionally gold ink, is a version of the old Latin. The Gospels follow in the Western order.- Description :The manuscript contains the Latin text of...

Textual variants

In Luke 11:4, the phrase (but deliver us from evil) is omitted. The omission of this phrase is also supported by the following manuscripts: Sinaiticus

Codex Sinaiticus

, Vaticanus

Codex Vaticanus

, Codex Regius

Codex Regius (New Testament)

Codex Regius designated by siglum Le or 019 , ε 56 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 8th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia....

, f¹

Family 1

Family 1 is a group of Greek Gospel manuscripts, varying in date from the 12th to the 15th century. The group takes its name from the minuscule codex 1, now in the Basel University Library. "Family 1" is also known as "the Lake Group", symbolized as f1. Hermann von Soden calls the group Ih...

, 700

Minuscule 700

Minuscule 700 , ε 133 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the Gospels. Formerly it was labelled as 604 in all catalogues , Gregory gave it the number 700....

, vg

Vulgate

The Vulgate is a late 4th-century Latin translation of the Bible. It was largely the work of St. Jerome, who was commissioned by Pope Damasus I in 382 to make a revision of the old Latin translations...

, syr^s, cop^{sa, bo}

Coptic versions of the Bible

There have been many Coptic versions of the Bible, including some of the earliest translations into any language. Several different versions were made in the ancient world, with different editions of the Old and New Testament in all four of the major dialects of Coptic: Bohairic , Fayyumic, Sahidic...

, arm, geo.

In Luke 16:19 the manuscript reads Ανθρωπος δε τις ην πλουσιος, ονοματι Ν[ιν]ευης, και ενεδιδυσκετο "There was a rich man, with the name N[in]eue, who clothed himself", This reading has support from the Sahidic version and the two Greek minuscule manuscripts 36

Minuscule 36

Minuscule 36 , A20 . It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on vellum. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. It has complex contents and full marginalia.- Description :...

and 37

Minuscule 37

Minuscule 37 , A154 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on vellum. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.- Description :...

, in addition to a scholion of uncertain date have ευρον δε τινες και του πλουσιου εν τισιν αντιγραφοις τουνομα Νινευης λεγομενον.

Luke 22:43-44 is omitted, as in codices א*, A

Codex Alexandrinus

The Codex Alexandrinus is a 5th century manuscript of the Greek Bible,The Greek Bible in this context refers to the Bible used by Greek-speaking Christians who lived in Egypt and elsewhere during the early history of Christianity...

, B, T

Codex Borgianus

Codex Borgianus, designated by T or 029 , ε 5 , is a Greek and Sahidic uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 5th century...

, 1071.

In Luke 23:34,

⁷⁵ has omitted the words: "And Jesus said: Father forgive them, they know not what they do." This omission is supported by the manuscripts Sinaiticus^a

Codex Sinaiticus

, B, D*

Codex Bezae

The Codex Bezae Cantabrigensis, designated by siglum Dea or 05 , δ 5 , is a codex of the New Testament dating from the 5th century written in an uncial hand on vellum. It contains, in both Greek and Latin, most of the four Gospels and Acts, with a small fragment of the 3 John...

, W

Codex Washingtonianus

The Codex Washingtonianus or Codex Washingtonensis, designated by W or 032 , ε 014 , also called the Washington Manuscript of the Gospels, and The Freer Gospel, contains the four biblical gospels and was written in Greek on vellum in the fourth or fifth century...

, Θ

Codex Koridethi

The Codex Koridethi, also named Codex Coridethianus, designated by Θ, 038, or Theta , ε 050 , is a 9th century manuscript of the four Gospels. It is written in Greek with uncial script in two columns per page, in 25 lines per page...

, 0124

Uncial 070

Uncial 070 , ε 6 , is a Greek-Coptic diglot uncial manuscript of the New Testament. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 6th century....

, 1241, it^{aCodex Vercellensis
The title Codex Vercellensis refers to two manuscript codices preserved in the cathedral library of Vercelli, in the Piedmont Region, Italy.- Old Latin Codex Vercellensis :...

, d}, syr^s, cop^sa, cop^bo.

Luke 24:26

δοξαν – majority of mss

βασιλειαν –

⁷⁵

The manuscript also lacks the Pericope of the Adulteress, usually placed in Translations at John 7:53-8:11. This omission is supported by the manuscripts Codex Sinaiticus

Codex Sinaiticus

, Codex Vaticanus

Codex Vaticanus

and

⁶⁶

Papyrus 66

Papyrus 66 is a near complete codex of the Gospel of John, and part of the collection known as the Bodmer Papyri.-Description:...

.

The manuscript is currently housed at the Vatican Library

Vatican Library

The Vatican Library is the library of the Holy See, currently located in Vatican City. It is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. Formally established in 1475, though in fact much older, it has 75,000 codices from...

(P. Bodmer XIV-XV) at Rome

Rome

Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...

.

The discovery of

⁷⁵ has had a profound effect on New Testament textual criticism

Textual criticism

Textual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...

, due to its great agreement with Codex Vaticanus.

Images

Image of a page of Papyrus 75 (accessed 2007-09-26)
98 images of ⁷⁵

External links

Edwards, SA (1976), Sarah Alexander Edwards, P75 under the Magnifying Glass, Novum Testamentum, Vol. 18, Fasc. 3. (Jul., 1976), pp. 190-212.
Robert B. Waltz. NT Manuscripts: Papyri, Papyri ⁷⁵.
Bodmer Papyrus 14-15 arrives at the Vatican (accessed 2007-09-26)
Willker, Wieland. A Textual Commentary on the Greek Gospels, (undated+unfinished)

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