Minuscule 700
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 700 ε 133 (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript
of the Gospels
. Formerly it was labelled as 604 in all catalogues (Scrivener, Hoskier), Gregory gave it the number 700.
It is dated palaeographically
to the 11th century.
on 297 parchment leaves (14.8 cm by 11.7 cm). The text is written in one column per page, 19 lines per page in minuscule letters. The initial letters are in gold. Simple headpieces and tailpieces are in gold.
The text of the Gospels is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are placed at the margin of the text. The (titles) of the κεφαλαια are given at the top of pages. Lists of the (tables of contents) are placed before each Gospel (Matthew, Mark, Luke). There is also a division into smaller sections – the Ammonian sections
with a references to the Eusebian Canons (in Gospel of John very rarely).
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
, Eusebian Canon tables at the beginning of the codex, subscriptions at the end of the books, illustrations of the evangelists, lectionary markings in gold. It lacks Mark 11:26.
, and manuscripts of textual family f1
.
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Caesarean text-type
. Aland
placed it in Category III.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it has mixed text in Luke 1, Alexandrian text in Luke 10, and represent the textual family Kx
in Luke 20. It belongs to the textual subgroup 35
.
It contains, together with minuscule 162
, the remarkable reading in Gospel of Luke
11:2: ("May your Holy Spirit come upon us and cleanse us"), instead of ελθετω η βασιλεια σου ("May your kingdom come") in the Lord's Prayer
. This peculiar reading does not appear in any other manuscript, but it was derived from very old archetype, because it is present in the Marcion's text of the third Gospel and is also attested by the church father Gregory of Nyssa
. In Luke 11:4 the phrase (but deliver us from evil) is omitted. This omission is supported by the manuscripts: Sinaiticus, B, L
, f1 vg syrs copsa, bo, arm geo.
In Mark 5:9 it has απεκριθη λεγων as in codices E, 565. The other manuscripts have:
In Mark 10:19 — the phrase μη αποστερησης is omitted (as in codices B, K
, W
, Ψ, f1
, f13
, 28
, 1010, 1079, 1242, 1546, 2148, ℓ 10
, ℓ 950, ℓ 1642, ℓ 1761, syrs, arm, geo. This omission is typical for the manuscript of the Caesarean text-type.
In Luke 6:2 — οὐκ ἔξεστιν (not lawful) for οὐκ ἔξεστιν ποιεῖν (not lawful to do); the reading is supported only by
4
, Vaticanus, (Codex Bezae
), Codex Nitriensis
, lat, copsa, copbo, arm, geo;
In John 8:7 it has αναβλεψας instead of ανακυψας, along with U
Λ
f13
In John 8:8 it contains, together with U (030)
, 73
, 331
, 364
, 658
, 782
, 1592 and some Armenian manuscripts, the unique addition ενος εκαστου αυτων τας αμαρτιας. This textual variant have also some Latin manuscripts. 652
has this variant on the margin added by a later hand. Minuscule 264
has this variant in John 8:6.
Hoskier
exhibits 2724 variations from the Textus Receptus
(of which 791 are omissions and 353 are additions). 270 textual variants are not used by any other manuscript.
The manuscript was bought in 1882 for the British Library
.
It was examined by Burgon, described and collated by Simcox, and Scrivener
.
The manuscript is located now in British Library
, Egerton 2610 in London
.
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the Gospels
Gospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
. Formerly it was labelled as 604 in all catalogues (Scrivener, Hoskier), Gregory gave it the number 700.
It is dated palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
to the 11th century.
Description
The codex contains a complete text of the GospelsGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
on 297 parchment leaves (14.8 cm by 11.7 cm). The text is written in one column per page, 19 lines per page in minuscule letters. The initial letters are in gold. Simple headpieces and tailpieces are in gold.
The text of the Gospels is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are placed at the margin of the text. The (titles) of the κεφαλαια are given at the top of pages. Lists of the (tables of contents) are placed before each Gospel (Matthew, Mark, Luke). There is also a division into smaller sections – the Ammonian sections
Ammonian Sections
Eusebian canons or Eusebian sections, also known as Ammonian Sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into chapters and verses used in modern texts date only from the 13th and 16th centuries, respectively...
with a references to the Eusebian Canons (in Gospel of John very rarely).
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
Epistula ad Carpianum
The Epistula ad Carpianum is the title traditionally given to a letter from Eusebius of Caesarea to a Christian named Carpianus....
, Eusebian Canon tables at the beginning of the codex, subscriptions at the end of the books, illustrations of the evangelists, lectionary markings in gold. It lacks Mark 11:26.
Text
In Matthew 27:16 it has the famous textual variant "Ιησουν τον Βαραββαν". This variant is found in Codex KoridethiCodex Koridethi
The Codex Koridethi, also named Codex Coridethianus, designated by Θ, 038, or Theta , ε 050 , is a 9th century manuscript of the four Gospels. It is written in Greek with uncial script in two columns per page, in 25 lines per page...
, and manuscripts of textual family f1
Family 1
Family 1 is a group of Greek Gospel manuscripts, varying in date from the 12th to the 15th century. The group takes its name from the minuscule codex 1, now in the Basel University Library. "Family 1" is also known as "the Lake Group", symbolized as f1. Hermann von Soden calls the group Ih...
.
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Caesarean text-type
Caesarean text-type
Caesarean text-type is the term proposed by certain scholars to denote a consistent pattern of variant readings that is claimed to be apparent in certain Greek manuscripts of the four Gospels, but which is not found in any of the other commonly recognized New Testament text-types; the Byzantine...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category III.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it has mixed text in Luke 1, Alexandrian text in Luke 10, and represent the textual family Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
in Luke 20. It belongs to the textual subgroup 35
Minuscule 35
Minuscule 35 , δ309 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on 328 parchment leaves . Paleographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. The manuscript has complex contents, marginalia, and many corrections.- Description :The codex contains the entire New Testament...
.
It contains, together with minuscule 162
Minuscule 162
Minuscule 162 , ε 214 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1153.It has marginalia.- Description :...
, the remarkable reading in Gospel of Luke
Gospel of Luke
The Gospel According to Luke , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Luke or simply Luke, is the third and longest of the four canonical Gospels. This synoptic gospel is an account of the life and ministry of Jesus of Nazareth. It details his story from the events of his birth to his Ascension.The...
11:2: ("May your Holy Spirit come upon us and cleanse us"), instead of ελθετω η βασιλεια σου ("May your kingdom come") in the Lord's Prayer
Lord's Prayer
The Lord's Prayer is a central prayer in Christianity. In the New Testament of the Christian Bible, it appears in two forms: in the Gospel of Matthew as part of the discourse on ostentation in the Sermon on the Mount, and in the Gospel of Luke, which records Jesus being approached by "one of his...
. This peculiar reading does not appear in any other manuscript, but it was derived from very old archetype, because it is present in the Marcion's text of the third Gospel and is also attested by the church father Gregory of Nyssa
Gregory of Nyssa
St. Gregory of Nyssa was a Christian bishop and saint. He was a younger brother of Basil the Great and a good friend of Gregory of Nazianzus. His significance has long been recognized in the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Eastern Catholic and Roman Catholic branches of Christianity...
. In Luke 11:4 the phrase (but deliver us from evil) is omitted. This omission is supported by the manuscripts: Sinaiticus, B, L
Codex Regius (New Testament)
Codex Regius designated by siglum Le or 019 , ε 56 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 8th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia....
, f1 vg syrs copsa, bo, arm geo.
In Mark 5:9 it has απεκριθη λεγων as in codices E, 565. The other manuscripts have:
- λεγιων ονομα μοι — א, B, C, L, Δ
- απεκριτη — D
- λεγεων — A, W, Θ, f1, f13, Byz
In Mark 10:19 — the phrase μη αποστερησης is omitted (as in codices B, K
Codex Cyprius
Codex Cyprius, designated by Ke or 017 , ε 71 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the four Gospels, on parchment. It was variously dated in the past , currently it is dated to the 9th century. It was brought from Cyprus to Paris...
, W
Codex Washingtonianus
The Codex Washingtonianus or Codex Washingtonensis, designated by W or 032 , ε 014 , also called the Washington Manuscript of the Gospels, and The Freer Gospel, contains the four biblical gospels and was written in Greek on vellum in the fourth or fifth century...
, Ψ, f1
Family 1
Family 1 is a group of Greek Gospel manuscripts, varying in date from the 12th to the 15th century. The group takes its name from the minuscule codex 1, now in the Basel University Library. "Family 1" is also known as "the Lake Group", symbolized as f1. Hermann von Soden calls the group Ih...
, f13
Family 13
Family 13, also known Ferrar Group , is a group of Greek Gospel manuscripts, varying in date from the 11th to the 15th century, which display a distinctive pattern of variant readings — especially in placing the story of Jesus and the woman taken in adultery in the Gospel of Luke, rather than in...
, 28
Minuscule 28
Minuscule 28 , ε 168 , formerly known as Colbertinus 4705, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on vellum. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has marginalia. It is lacunose.- Description :The codex contains the text of the four Gospels on 292...
, 1010, 1079, 1242, 1546, 2148, ℓ 10
Lectionary 10
Lectionary 10, designated by siglum ℓ 10 .It is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century. The manuscript is lacunose.- Description :...
, ℓ 950, ℓ 1642, ℓ 1761, syrs, arm, geo. This omission is typical for the manuscript of the Caesarean text-type.
In Luke 6:2 — οὐκ ἔξεστιν (not lawful) for οὐκ ἔξεστιν ποιεῖν (not lawful to do); the reading is supported only by
4Papyrus 4
Papyrus 4 is an early New Testament papyri of the Gospel of Luke in Greek. It is dated as being a late 2nd/early 3rd century manuscript.- Description :...
, Vaticanus, (Codex Bezae
Codex Bezae
The Codex Bezae Cantabrigensis, designated by siglum Dea or 05 , δ 5 , is a codex of the New Testament dating from the 5th century written in an uncial hand on vellum. It contains, in both Greek and Latin, most of the four Gospels and Acts, with a small fragment of the 3 John...
), Codex Nitriensis
Codex Nitriensis
Codex Nitriensis designated by R or 027 , ε 22 , is a 6th century Greek New Testament codex containing the Gospel of Luke, in a fragmentary condition. It is a two column manuscript in majuscules , measuring .- Description :The text is written in two columns per page, 25 lines per page, in large...
, lat, copsa, copbo, arm, geo;
In John 8:7 it has αναβλεψας instead of ανακυψας, along with U
Codex Nanianus
Codex Nanianus, designated by siglum U or 030 , ε 90 , is a Greek uncial manuscripts of the New Testament on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript has complex contents, with full marginalia . The codex is named after its last owner...
Λ
Codex Tischendorfianus III
Codex Tischendorfianus III – designated by siglum Λ or 039 , ε 77 – is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels on parchment...
f13
In John 8:8 it contains, together with U (030)
Codex Nanianus
Codex Nanianus, designated by siglum U or 030 , ε 90 , is a Greek uncial manuscripts of the New Testament on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript has complex contents, with full marginalia . The codex is named after its last owner...
, 73
Minuscule 73
Minuscule 73 , ε 260 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript has complex contents with full marginalia....
, 331
Minuscule 331
Minuscule 331 , ε 1085 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century....
, 364
Minuscule 364
Minuscule 364 , ε 1011 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 10th century.It has marginalia.- Description :...
, 658
Minuscule 658
Minuscule 658 , ε 1215 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th or 13th century. The manuscript has complex contents. Scrivener labelled it by 636e.- Description :The codex contains the complete text of the four...
, 782
Minuscule 782 (Gregory-Aland)
Minuscule 782 , ε466 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament written on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript has complex contents.- Description :...
, 1592 and some Armenian manuscripts, the unique addition ενος εκαστου αυτων τας αμαρτιας. This textual variant have also some Latin manuscripts. 652
Minuscule 652
Minuscule 652 , ε 1095 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 10th century. The manuscript has complex contents. Scrivener labelled it by 875.- Description :The codex contains the text of the four Gospels, on 305 parchment...
has this variant on the margin added by a later hand. Minuscule 264
Minuscule 264
Minuscule 264 , ε 284 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. It has marginalia.- Description :...
has this variant in John 8:6.
Hoskier
Herman C. Hoskier
Herman Charles Hoskier , was a biblical scholar, British textual critic, and son of a merchant banker, Herman Hoskier .Hoskier, as textual critic, supported the Byzantine text-type against the Alexandrian text-type...
exhibits 2724 variations from the Textus Receptus
Textus Receptus
Textus Receptus is the name subsequently given to the succession of printed Greek texts of the New Testament which constituted the translation base for the original German Luther Bible, the translation of the New Testament into English by William Tyndale, the King James Version, and for most other...
(of which 791 are omissions and 353 are additions). 270 textual variants are not used by any other manuscript.
History
The author of the codex is unknown. Probably it was written in Constantinople.The manuscript was bought in 1882 for the British Library
British Library
The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom, and is the world's largest library in terms of total number of items. The library is a major research library, holding over 150 million items from every country in the world, in virtually all known languages and in many formats,...
.
It was examined by Burgon, described and collated by Simcox, and Scrivener
Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener
The Reverend Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener, LL.D. was an important text critic of the New Testament and a member of the English New Testament Revision Committee which produced the Revised Version of the Bible...
.
The manuscript is located now in British Library
British Library
The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom, and is the world's largest library in terms of total number of items. The library is a major research library, holding over 150 million items from every country in the world, in virtually all known languages and in many formats,...
, Egerton 2610 in London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
Further reading
- F. H. A. Scrivener, Adversaria critica sacra (Cambridge, 1893).
- W. H. Simcox, American Journal of Philology V, 4 (Baltimore, 1884), pp. 454-465.
- Herman C. HoskierHerman C. HoskierHerman Charles Hoskier , was a biblical scholar, British textual critic, and son of a merchant banker, Herman Hoskier .Hoskier, as textual critic, supported the Byzantine text-type against the Alexandrian text-type...
, A Full Account and Collation of the Greek Cursive Codex Evangelium 604, London, 1890. - Burnett Hillman StreeterBurnett Hillman StreeterBurnett Hillman Streeter was a British biblical scholar and textual critic.-Life:He was educated at Queen's College, Oxford. Streeter was ordained in 1899 and was a member of the Archbishop’s Commission on Doctrine in the Church of England...
, The Four Gospels: A Study of Origins (MacMillan, 1924). - Bruce M. Metzger, Manuscripts of the Greek Bible: An Introduction to Palaeography, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1981, p. 122.
External links
- Minuscule 700 at the British Library
- Minuscule 700 at the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism