Codex Bezae - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

The Codex Bezae Cantabrigensis, designated by siglum D^ea or 05 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 5 (von Soden), is a codex

Codex

A codex is a book in the format used for modern books, with multiple quires or gatherings typically bound together and given a cover.Developed by the Romans from wooden writing tablets, its gradual replacement...

of the New Testament

New Testament

The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....

dating from the 5th century written in an uncial

Uncial

Uncial is a majuscule script commonly used from the 3rd to 8th centuries AD by Latin and Greek scribes. Uncial letters are written in either Greek, Latin, or Gothic.-Development:...

hand on vellum. It contains, in both Greek

Greek language

Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...

and Latin

Latin

Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...

, most of the four Gospel

Gospel

A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...

s and Acts

Acts of the Apostles

The Acts of the Apostles , usually referred to simply as Acts, is the fifth book of the New Testament; Acts outlines the history of the Apostolic Age...

, with a small fragment of the 3 John

Third Epistle of John

The Third Epistle of John, often referred to as Third John and written 3 John, is a book of the New Testament attributed to John the Evangelist, traditionally thought to be the author of the Gospel of John and the other two epistles of John...

. Written one column per page, the codex contains 406 extant parchment leaves (from perhaps an original 534) measuring 26 x 21.5 cm, with the Greek text on the left face and the Latin text on the right.

Description

The first three lines of each book are in red letters, and black and red ink alternate lines towards the end of books. As many as eleven people (G, A, C, B, D, E, H, F, J¹, L, K) have corrected the manuscript between the sixth and twelfth centuries. The text is written colometrically

Colon (rhetoric)

A colon is a rhetorical figure consisting of a clause which is grammatically, but not logically, complete. In Latin, it is called a membrum or membrum orationis....

and is full of hiatus

Hiatus (linguistics)

In phonology, hiatus or diaeresis refers to two vowel sounds occurring in adjacent syllables, with no intervening consonant. When two adjacent vowel sounds occur in the same syllable, the result is instead described as a diphthong....

. The Greek text of the codex has some copying errors, e.g., errors of metathesis: in John 1:3, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ was changed into ΕΝΕΓΕΤΟ; in Acts 1:9, ΥΠΕΛΑΒΕΝ into ΥΠΕΒΑΛΕΝ.

Some from the nomina sacra

Nomina sacra

Nomina sacra means "sacred names" in Latin, and can be used to refer to traditions of abbreviated writing of several frequently occurring divine names or titles in early Greek language Holy Scripture...

are written in an abbreviated form: ΙΗΣ (Ιησους), ΧΡΣ (Χριστος), ΠΑΡ (πατηρ), ΣΤΗ (σταυρωθη), but not for μητερ, υιος, σωτηρ, ανθρωπος, ουρανος, δαυιδ, Ισραηλ, Ιηρουσαλημ, which are written fully.

History

The place of origin of the codex is still disputed.

The manuscript is believed to have been repaired at Lyon in the ninth century as revealed by a distinctive ink used for supplementary pages. It was closely guarded for many centuries in the monastic library of St Irenaeus

Irenaeus

Saint Irenaeus , was Bishop of Lugdunum in Gaul, then a part of the Roman Empire . He was an early church father and apologist, and his writings were formative in the early development of Christian theology...

at Lyon. The manuscript was consulted, perhaps in Italy, for disputed readings at the Council of Trent

Council of Trent

The Council of Trent was the 16th-century Ecumenical Council of the Roman Catholic Church. It is considered to be one of the Church's most important councils. It convened in Trent between December 13, 1545, and December 4, 1563 in twenty-five sessions for three periods...

, and was at about the same time collated for Stephanus

Robert Estienne

Robert I Estienne , known as Robertus Stephanus in Latin and also referred to as Robert Stephens by 18th and 19th-century English writers, was a 16th century printer and classical scholar in Paris...

's edition of the Greek New Testament. During the upheavals of the Wars of Religion

French Wars of Religion

The French Wars of Religion is the name given to a period of civil infighting and military operations, primarily fought between French Catholics and Protestants . The conflict involved the factional disputes between the aristocratic houses of France, such as the House of Bourbon and House of Guise...

in the 16th century, when textual analysis had a new urgency among the Reformation

Protestant Reformation

The Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...

's Protestants, the manuscript was taken from Lyon in 1562 and delivered to the Protestant scholar Theodore Beza

Theodore Beza

Theodore Beza was a French Protestant Christian theologian and scholar who played an important role in the Reformation...

, the friend and successor of Calvin, who gave it to the University of Cambridge

University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge is a public research university located in Cambridge, United Kingdom. It is the second-oldest university in both the United Kingdom and the English-speaking world , and the seventh-oldest globally...

, in the comparative security of England, in 1581, which accounts for its double name. It remains in the Cambridge University Library

Cambridge University Library

The Cambridge University Library is the centrally-administered library of Cambridge University in England. It comprises five separate libraries:* the University Library main building * the Medical Library...

(Nn. II 41).

John Mill

John Mill

John Mill was an English theologian. He is noted for his critical edition of the Greek New Testament which included notes on many variant readings.-Biography:...

collated and Wettstein transcribed (1716) the text of the codex. Both did their editions of the Greek Testament, but they both did their work carelessly. A much better collation was made about 1732 by John Dickinson.

Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener

Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener

The Reverend Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener, LL.D. was an important text critic of the New Testament and a member of the English New Testament Revision Committee which produced the Revised Version of the Bible...

edited the text of codex in 1864 (rewritten text of the codex) and in 1899 (photographic facsimile).

The importance of the Codex Bezae is such that a colloquium held at Lunel, Herault, in 27–30 June 1994 was entirely devoted to it. Papers discussed the many questions it poses to our understanding of the use of the Gospels and Acts in early Christianity, and of the text of the New Testament.

Codex contents

The manuscript

Manuscript

A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...

presents the gospels in the Western order Matthew

Gospel of Matthew

The Gospel According to Matthew is one of the four canonical gospels, one of the three synoptic gospels, and the first book of the New Testament. It tells of the life, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth...

, John

Gospel of John

The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus...

, Luke

Gospel of Luke

The Gospel According to Luke , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Luke or simply Luke, is the third and longest of the four canonical Gospels. This synoptic gospel is an account of the life and ministry of Jesus of Nazareth. It details his story from the events of his birth to his Ascension.The...

and Mark

Gospel of Mark

The Gospel According to Mark , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Mark or simply Mark, is the second book of the New Testament. This canonical account of the life of Jesus of Nazareth is one of the three synoptic gospels. It was thought to be an epitome, which accounts for its place as the second...

, of which only Luke is complete; after some missing pages the manuscript picks up with the Third Epistle of John
Third Epistle of John
The Third Epistle of John, often referred to as Third John and written 3 John, is a book of the New Testament attributed to John the Evangelist, traditionally thought to be the author of the Gospel of John and the other two epistles of John...

(in Latin) and contains part of Acts
Acts of the Apostles
The Acts of the Apostles , usually referred to simply as Acts, is the fifth book of the New Testament; Acts outlines the history of the Apostolic Age...

.

Lacunae:

Matthew 1:1-20, 6:20-9:2, 27:2-12; John 1:16-3:26; Acts 8:29-10:14, 21:2-10, 21:16-18, 22:10-20, 22:29-End

Omitted verses:

Matthew ; ; ; ; ; ;

Mark

Luke ; ; ; ; ; ;

John

Supplementations (by a later hand):

Matthew 3:7-16; Mark 16:15-20; John 18:14-20:13

Text type

The Greek text is unique, with many interpolations found nowhere else, with a few remarkable omissions, and a capricious tendency to rephrase sentences. Aside from this one Greek manuscript it is found in Old Latin

Old Latin

Old Latin refers to the Latin language in the period before the age of Classical Latin; that is, all Latin before 75 BC...

(pre-Vulgate

Vulgate

The Vulgate is a late 4th-century Latin translation of the Bible. It was largely the work of St. Jerome, who was commissioned by Pope Damasus I in 382 to make a revision of the old Latin translations...

) versions — as seen in the Latin here — and in Syriac, and Armenian versions. Bezae is the principle Greek representative of the Western text-type

Western text-type

The Western text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe and group the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts...

. The manuscript demonstrates the latitude in the manuscript tradition that could still be found in the 5th and 6th centuries, the date of this codex.

There is no consensus on the many problems the Greek text presents. Since the Latin, however, occasionally agrees with Codices Codex Bobiensis

Codex Bobiensis

Codex Bobiensis is a fragmentary Latin manuscript of the bible. Specifically, it is an example of a Vetus Latina bible, which were used from the 2nd century until Jerome's Latin translation, the Vulgate, was written in the 5th century. The text contains parts of the Gospel of Mark and Gospel of...

and Codex Veronensis

Codex Veronensis

The Codex Veronensis, designated by siglum b or 4 , is a 4th or 5th century Latin Gospel Book. The text, written on purple dyed vellum in silver and occasionally gold ink, is a version of the old Latin. The Gospels follow in the Western order.- Description :The manuscript contains the Latin text of...

, it is a witness to a text current no later than 250 CE and "preserves an ancient form of the Old Latin text." Issues of conformity have dogged the usage of the Codex Bezae in biblical scholarship. In general the Greek text is treated as an unreliable witness and treated as "an important corroborating witness wherever it agrees with other early manuscripts" as one of the links below freely admits.

Some of the outstanding features: Matthew 16:2b–3 is present and not marked as doubtful or spurious. One of the longer endings of Mark

Mark 16

Mark 16 is the final chapter of the Gospel of Mark in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It begins with the discovery of the empty tomb by Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James, and Salome — there they encounter a man dressed in white who announces the Resurrection of Jesus.Verse 8 ends...

is given. Luke 22:43f and Pericope de adultera are present and not marked as spurious or doubtful. John 5:4 is omitted, and the text of Acts is nearly one-tenth longer than the generally received text.

Notable readings

Codex Bezae Cantabrigiensis contains some extraordinary readings. Below is a comprehensive enumeration of those readings, with text and translation.

Gospel of Matthew

reads διὰ Ησαιου τοῦ προφήτου (through Isaiah his prophet) with it

Vetus Latina

Vetus Latina is a collective name given to the Biblical texts in Latin that were translated before St Jerome's Vulgate Bible became the standard Bible for Latin-speaking Western Christians. The phrase Vetus Latina is Latin for Old Latin, and the Vetus Latina is sometimes known as the Old Latin Bible...

^mss vg

Vulgate

^mss syr

Syriac versions of the Bible

Syria played an important or even predominant role in the beginning of Christianity. Here were written the Gospel of Matthew, the Gospel of Luke, the Didache, Ignatiana, and the Gospel of Thomas. Syria was the country in which the Greek language intersected with the Syriac, which was closely...

^{s,(cCuretonian Gospels
The Curetonian Gospels, designated by the siglum syrcur, are contained in a manuscript of the four gospels of the New Testament in Old Syriac, a translation from the Aramaic originals, according to William Cureton differing considerably from the canonical Greek texts, with which they had been...

),h,pal} cop^{sa^ms} arm Diatessaron

Diatessaron

The Diatessaron is the most prominent Gospel harmony created by Tatian, an early Christian apologist and ascetic. The term "diatessaron" is from Middle English by way of Latin, diatessarōn , and ultimately Greek, διὰ τεσσάρων The Diatessaron (c 160 - 175) is the most prominent Gospel harmony...

^syr Irenaeus

Irenaeus

^lat

reads ὑπὸ κυριου διὰ Ἰερεμίου (by the LORD through Jeremiah) with it^{aurStockholm Codex Aureus
The Stockholm Codex Aureus is an Insular Gospel book written in the mid-eighth century in Southumbria, probably in Canterbury...}

reads θρῆνος καὶ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὀδυρμὸς πολύς (lamentation and weeping and much wailing) with C

Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus

Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus is an early 5th century Greek manuscript of the Bible, the last in the group of the four great uncial manuscripts...

Codex Cyprius

Codex Cyprius, designated by Ke or 017 , ε 71 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the four Gospels, on parchment. It was variously dated in the past , currently it is dated to the 9th century. It was brought from Cyprus to Paris...

Codex Regius (New Testament)

Codex Regius designated by siglum Le or 019 , ε 56 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 8th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia....

Codex Guelferbytanus A

Codex Guelferbytanus A designated by Pe or 024 , ε 33 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 6th century. The manuscript is very lacunose.- Description :...

Codex Washingtonianus

The Codex Washingtonianus or Codex Washingtonensis, designated by W or 032 , ε 014 , also called the Washington Manuscript of the Gospels, and The Freer Gospel, contains the four biblical gospels and was written in Greek on vellum in the fourth or fifth century...

0233

Uncial 0233

Uncial 0233 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament. The manuscript paleographically had been assigned to the 8th century.- Description :...

f¹³

Family 13

Family 13, also known Ferrar Group , is a group of Greek Gospel manuscripts, varying in date from the 11th to the 15th century, which display a distinctive pattern of variant readings — especially in placing the story of Jesus and the woman taken in adultery in the Gospel of Luke, rather than in...

Minuscule 33

Minuscule 33 , δ 48 , formerly it was called Codex Colbertinus 2844, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia...

892

Minuscule 892

Minuscule 892 , ε 1016 . It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on 353 parchment leaves . It is dated palaeografically to the 9th century.- Description :...

1071 Byz

Byzantine text-type

The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...

syr^s,c,h Origen

Origen

Origen , or Origen Adamantius, 184/5–253/4, was an early Christian Alexandrian scholar and theologian, and one of the most distinguished writers of the early Church. As early as the fourth century, his orthodoxy was suspect, in part because he believed in the pre-existence of souls...

omits text ποταμῷ (River) with C^c K L Π

Codex Petropolitanus (New Testament)

Codex Petropolitanus, designated by Π or 041 , ε 73 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 9th century...

f¹³ 892 Byz lat mae-1

reads καταβαίνοντα ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ὡς περιστερὰν (descending out of heaven like a dove) with it vg^mss syr^(h)

omits text ἐκπορευομένῳ διὰ στόματος (proceeds out through the mouth) with it^{aCodex Vercellensis
The title Codex Vercellensis refers to two manuscript codices preserved in the cathedral library of Vercelli, in the Piedmont Region, Italy.- Old Latin Codex Vercellensis :...

, bCodex Veronensis
The Codex Veronensis, designated by siglum b or 4 , is a 4th or 5th century Latin Gospel Book. The text, written on purple dyed vellum in silver and occasionally gold ink, is a version of the old Latin. The Gospels follow in the Western order.- Description :The manuscript contains the Latin text of...

, g¹Codex Sangermanensis I
The Codex Sangermanensis I, designated by g1 or 7 , is a 7th or 8th century Latin manuscript of the New Testament. The text, written on vellum, is a version of the Latin. The manuscript contains the Vulgate Bible, on 191 leaves of which, in the New Testament, the Gospel of Matthew contain Old...}

appear in reverse order, as in 17

Minuscule 17

Minuscule 17 , ε 525 . It is a Greek-Latin minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on 354 parchment leaves , dated palaeographically to the 15th century . It has some marginalia....

33 130

Minuscule 130

Minuscule 130 , ε 596 , is a Greek-Latin minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 15th century. It has some marginalia. A curious copy.- Description :...

lat syr^c Clement

Clement of Alexandria

Titus Flavius Clemens , known as Clement of Alexandria , was a Christian theologian and the head of the noted Catechetical School of Alexandria. Clement is best remembered as the teacher of Origen...

Origen Eusebius

Eusebius of Caesarea

Eusebius of Caesarea also called Eusebius Pamphili, was a Roman historian, exegete and Christian polemicist. He became the Bishop of Caesarea in Palestine about the year 314. Together with Pamphilus, he was a scholar of the Biblical canon...

omits text ψευδόμενοι (falsely) with it^{b, cCodex Colbertinus
Codex Colbertinus, designated by 6 or c, is a Latin manuscript of the Bible. Its version of the four Gospels and Book of Acts follows the Vetus Latina, while the rest of the New Testament follows the Vulgate. It was written in the 11th or 12th century, probably in southern France.The Latin text of...

,d,g¹hCodex Claromontanus
Codex Claromontanus, symbolized by Dp or 06 , δ 1026 , is a Greek-Latin diglot uncial manuscript of the New Testament, written in an uncial hand on vellum. The Greek and Latin text on facing pages...

, kCodex Bobiensis
Codex Bobiensis is a fragmentary Latin manuscript of the bible. Specifically, it is an example of a Vetus Latina bible, which were used from the 2nd century until Jerome's Latin translation, the Vulgate, was written in the 5th century. The text contains parts of the Gospel of Mark and Gospel of...} syr^s Tertullian

Tertullian

Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus, anglicised as Tertullian , was a prolific early Christian author from Carthage in the Roman province of Africa. He is the first Christian author to produce an extensive corpus of Latin Christian literature. He also was a notable early Christian apologist and...

Augustine

Augustine of Hippo

Augustine of Hippo , also known as Augustine, St. Augustine, St. Austin, St. Augoustinos, Blessed Augustine, or St. Augustine the Blessed, was Bishop of Hippo Regius . He was a Latin-speaking philosopher and theologian who lived in the Roman Africa Province...

reads ἕνεκεν δικαιοσύνης (for the sake of righteousness) with it^mss

omits text ὃς δʼ ἂν ποιήσῃ καὶ διδάξῃ, οὗτος μέγας κληθήσεται ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τῶν οὐρανῶν (but whoever will do [them] and should teach [them], the same will be called great in the kingdom of the heavens) with א

Codex Sinaiticus

Codex Sinaiticus is one of the four great uncial codices, an ancient, handwritten copy of the Greek Bible. It is an Alexandrian text-type manuscript written in the 4th century in uncial letters on parchment. Current scholarship considers the Codex Sinaiticus to be one of the best Greek texts of...

* W cop^{bo^ms}

is omitted.

is omitted, as in it^d vg^ms syr^s cop^{bo^ms}

omits text καὶ ὃς ἐὰν ἀπολελυμένην γαμήσῃ, μοιχᾶται (and whoever should marry her who is divorced, he commits adultery) with it^a,b,d,k Origen^mss

ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω ὑμῖν ἀγαπᾶτε τοὺς ἐχθροὺς ὑμῶν καὶ προσεύχεσθε ὑπὲρ τῶν διωκόντων ὑμᾶς א B

Codex Vaticanus

The Codex Vaticanus , is one of the oldest extant manuscripts of the Greek Bible , one of the four great uncial codices. The Codex is named for the residence in the Vatican Library, where it has been stored since at least the 15th century...

f¹

Family 1

Family 1 is a group of Greek Gospel manuscripts, varying in date from the 12th to the 15th century. The group takes its name from the minuscule codex 1, now in the Basel University Library. "Family 1" is also known as "the Lake Group", symbolized as f1. Hermann von Soden calls the group Ih...

Minuscule 22

Minuscule 22 , ε 288 , known also as Codex Colbertinus 2467. It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on vellum. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. Formerly it was assigned to the 11th century...

279

Minuscule 279

Minuscule 279 , ε 293 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century.It has full marginalia.- Description :...

660

Minuscule 660

Minuscule 660 , ε 178 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript is lacunose...

* 1192 2786* it^k syr^s,c cop^sa,bo Codex Schøyen Irenaeus^lat Origen Cyprian

Cyprian

Cyprian was bishop of Carthage and an important Early Christian writer, many of whose Latin works are extant. He was born around the beginning of the 3rd century in North Africa, perhaps at Carthage, where he received a classical education...

ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω ὑμῖν ἀγαπᾶτε τοὺς ἐχθροὺς ὑμῶν ευλογειτε τους καταρωμενους υμας, καλως ποιειτε τοις μισουσιν υμας, καὶ προσεύχεσθε ὑπὲρ τῶν επηρεαζοντων υμας, καὶ διωκόντων ὑμᾶς D L W Δ Θ

Codex Koridethi

The Codex Koridethi, also named Codex Coridethianus, designated by Θ, 038, or Theta , ε 050 , is a 9th century manuscript of the four Gospels. It is written in Greek with uncial script in two columns per page, in 25 lines per page...

047

Uncial 047

Uncial 047 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels. The codex is dated paleographically to the 8th century. Formerly the codex was designated by Hebrew letter ב...

f¹³ 33 118 700

Minuscule 700

Minuscule 700 , ε 133 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the Gospels. Formerly it was labelled as 604 in all catalogues , Gregory gave it the number 700....

892 Byz lat syr^{pPeshitta
The Peshitta is the standard version of the Bible for churches in the Syriac tradition.The Old Testament of the Peshitta was translated into Syriac from the Hebrew, probably in the 2nd century AD...

,h,pal} mae-1 goth

Gothic Bible

The Gothic Bible or Wulfila Bible is the Christian Bible as translated by Wulfila into the Gothic language spoken by the Eastern Germanic, or Gothic Tribes.- Codices :...

Clement Eusebius

πρόσευξαι τῷ πατρί σου ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ (shut the door and pray to your Father in secret) D f¹ f¹³ 700 syr^s,c cop^{bo^mss}

πρόσευξαι τῷ πατρί σου τῷ ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ (shut the door and pray to your Father who is in secret) Byzantine and Alexandrian

Alexandrian text-type

The Alexandrian text-type , associated with Alexandria, is one of several text-types used in New Testament textual criticism to describe and group the textual character of biblical manuscripts...

mss., all other mss. (rell)

ἀνοῖξαι τὸ στόμα (open your mouth) D it^h

αἰτῆσαι αὐτόν (ask him) Byzantine and Alexandrian mss., rell

is omitted, as in it^a,k syr^s Juvencus

Juvencus

Gaius Vettius Aquilinus Juvencus, known as Juvencus or Juvenk, was a Roman Spanish Christian and composer of Latin poetry in the 4th century.-Life:...

Hilary

Hilary of Poitiers

Hilary of Poitiers was Bishop of Poitiers and is a Doctor of the Church. He was sometimes referred to as the "Hammer of the Arians" and the "Athanasius of the West." His name comes from the Latin word for happy or cheerful. His optional memorial in the Roman Catholic calendar of saints is 13...

Λεββαῖος (Lebbaeus) D it^k,μ Origen^lat

Θαδδαῖος (Thaddeus) א B 124 788 892 2211 f^{13^mss} 17 130 892 it^aur,c,ff¹l vg co^sa,bo Codex Schøyen

Λεββαῖος ὁ ἐπικληθεὶς Θαδδαῖος (Lebbaeus, he called Thaddeus) C‎² L W X Δ Θ f¹ f^{13^mss} 22 33 565 579 700 Byz it^f syr^p,h,pal arm

Judas Zelotes (Judas the Zealot) it^{a,b,g¹,h, qCodex Monacensis
Codex Monacensis designated by X or 033 , A3 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 9th or 10th century...}

omitted in syr^s which instead reads Judas the son of James as in Luke 6:16 and Acts 1:13

omits text ἢ κώμην (or village) with f¹ 700 it^{a,b,d,ff¹,h,k} syr^s

adds text λέγοντες, Εἰρήνη τῷ οἴκῳ τούτῳ (saying, "Peace unto this house") with א* L W Θ 0281^vid f¹ 22 346 517 1010 (1424

Minuscule 1424

Minuscule 1424 , δ 30 is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on 337 parchment leaves . It has been dated paleographically to the 9th or 10th century).- Description :...

) it^mss vg^cl arm

omits text τῆς οἰκίας ἢ (that house or) with arm

reads ἐπὶ ἡγεμόνων σταθήσεσθε (before governors ye shall be caused to stand) with 0171 it^mss syr^s

omits text δοθήσεται γὰρ ὑμῖν ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ὥρᾳ τί λαλήσητε (for it will be given [to] you^pl in that hour what you^pl should speak) with L it^mss vg^mss Epiphanius

Epiphanius of Salamis

Epiphanius of Salamis was bishop of Salamis at the end of the 4th century. He is considered a saint and a Church Father by both the Eastern Orthodox and Catholic Churches. He gained a reputation as a strong defender of orthodoxy...

(καὶ ὁ φιλῶν υἱὸν ἢ θυγατέρα ὑπὲρ ἐμὲ οὐκ ἔστιν μου ἄξιος = and the person loving their son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me) is omitted, as in

¹⁹ B* 983 syr^h Codex Schøyen and the Hebrew

Hebrew language

Hebrew is a Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Culturally, is it considered by Jews and other religious groups as the language of the Jewish people, though other Jewish languages had originated among diaspora Jews, and the Hebrew language is also used by non-Jewish groups, such...

Shem Tov Matthew manuscript.

(καὶ ὁ δεχόμενος δίκαιον εἰς ὄνομα δικαίου μισθὸν δικαίου λήμψεται = and the one who receives a righteous person as a righteous person will receive a righteous person's reward) is omitted.

Ἰησοῦ (Jesus) D 047

Uncial 047

Uncial 047 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels. The codex is dated paleographically to the 8th century. Formerly the codex was designated by Hebrew letter ב...

0233

Uncial 0233

Uncial 0233 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament. The manuscript paleographically had been assigned to the 8th century.- Description :...

Minuscule 7

Minuscule 7 ; ε 287 . It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century.- Description :...

Minuscule 99

Minuscule 99 , ε 597 , known as Codex Lipsiensis is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 15th or 16th century. The manuscript is very lacunose...

262

Minuscule 262

Minuscule 262 , ε 1020 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 10th century. It has marginalia.- Description :...

348

Minuscule 348

Minuscule 348 , ε 227 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Dated by a colophon to the year 1022 .It has full marginalia.- Description :...

349

Minuscule 349

Minuscule 349 , ε 413 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1322.It has marginalia.- Description :...

483

Minuscule 483

Minuscule 483 , ε 376 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1285 .Scrivener labelled it by number 543...

484

Minuscule 484

Minuscule 484 , ε 322 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on thick cotton paper . Dated by a Colophon to the year 1291/1292....

517

Minuscule 517

Minuscule 517 , ε 167 α 214 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th or 12th century....

659

Minuscule 659

Minuscule 659 , ε 1216 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript has complex contents. Scrivener labelled it by 637e.- Description :The codex contains the complete text of the four Gospels, on...

954 1071 1424 1579 1604 syr^c Origen

Χριστοῦ (Christ) all other mss. (rell)

ἐργαζόμενος (Are you the one who is to labor) D*

ἐρχόμενος (Are you the one who is to come) rell

omits text καὶ χωλοὶ περιπατοῦσιν (and the lame are walking)

ἐκ γὰρ τοῦ περισσεύματος τῆς καρδίας τὸ στόμα λαλεῖ ἀγαθὰ (for out of the abundance of the heart, the mouth speaks good) D* it^d

ἐκ γὰρ τοῦ περισσεύματος τῆς καρδίας τὸ στόμα λαλεῖ (for out of the abundance of the heart, the mouth speaks) all other mss. (rell)

ἵνα βλέποντες μὴ βλέπωσιν καὶ ἀκούοντες μὴ ἀκούσωσιν καὶ μὴ συνῶσιν, μήποτε ἐπιστρέψωσιν (so that while seeing, they should not see; and while hearing, they should not hear; and they should not perceive, lest they should turn back) D Θ f¹ f¹³ 22 it syr^s,c (Eusebius)

ὅτι βλέποντες οὐ βλέπωσιν καὶ ἀκούοντες οὐκ ἀκούουσιν οὐδὲ συνίουσιν (that while seeing, they should not see; and while hearing, they should not hear, nor are they perceiving) Byz rell

ἵνα βλέποντες μὴ βλέπωσιν καὶ ἀκούοντες μὴ ἀκούσωσιν μηδὲ συνῶσιν (so that while seeing, they should not see; and while hearing, they should not hear, nor should they perceive) 1424 it^ff¹ co^sa mae-1

text omitted by Codex Schøyen

adds text (begins passage) Πορεύθητι, καὶ εἰπὲ τῷ λαῷ τούτῳ (Go, and tell the people this) with it^mss mae-1 Eusebius

ἐλάλησεν (he spoke) D L* N O Θ f^{1^mss} f¹³ 517 1424 1675 it^{a,b,c,d,e,f,ff²,h,k,q} (syr^s,c)

παρέθηκεν (he put before them) all other mss. (rell)

omits text ἐλάλησεν αὐτοῖς (he spoke to them) with it^d,(k) syr^s,c Codex Schøyen

κόσμου (cosmos) D

αἰῶνος τούτου (this age) N co^{sa^ms,bo}

αἰῶνος (age) all other mss. (rell)

Ἰωάννης (John) ^{103^vid(?)} א* D M
Codex Campianus
Codex Campianus designated by M or 021 , ε 72 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 9th century...

U
Codex Nanianus
Codex Nanianus, designated by siglum U or 030 , ε 90 , is a Greek uncial manuscripts of the New Testament on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript has complex contents, with full marginalia . The codex is named after its last owner...

odex Tischendorfianus IV|Γ} 2 28
Minuscule 28
Minuscule 28 , ε 168 , formerly known as Colbertinus 4705, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on vellum. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has marginalia. It is lacunose.- Description :The codex contains the text of the four Gospels on 292...

579 1424 Byz^mss vg^mss Origen^pt

Ἰωσῆς (Joses) ^{103^vid(?)} K L W Δ Π 0106 f¹³ 22 565 1241 1582^mg Byz^mss it^{k,q^c} co^{sa,bo^mss} Basil
Basil of Caesarea
Basil of Caesarea, also called Saint Basil the Great, was the bishop of Caesarea Mazaca in Cappadocia, Asia Minor . He was an influential 4th century Christian theologian...

Ἰωσῆ (Joses) 118
Minuscule 118
Minuscule 118 , ε 346 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 13th century...

157
Minuscule 157
Minuscule 157 , ε 207 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum. According to the colophon it is dated to the year 1122. Formerly date was wrongly deciphered as 1128?...

700* 1071 syr^h co^{bo^mss}

Ἰωσὴφ (Joseph) א‎² B C N
Codex Petropolitanus Purpureus
Codex Petropolitanus Purpureus, designated by N or 022 , ε 19 , is a 6th century Greek New Testament codex gospel book. Written in majuscules , on 231 parchment leaves, measuring 32 x 27 cm...

Θ f¹ 33 700^c 892 lat syr^{s,c,h^mg} mae-1 Codex Schøyen co^{bo^mss} Origen^pt

reads οὗτος ἐστιν Ἰωάννης ὁ βαπτιστής ὃν ἐγὼ ἀπεκεφάλισα (This is John the Baptist who I beheaded) with it^a,b,ff¹,h vg^mss

omits text Φιλίππου (of Philip) with it^mss vg^mss Augustine

omits text ἐπὶ πίνακι (on a platter)

omits text Ἰησοῦς (Jesus) with א* Z

Codex Dublinensis

Codex Dublinensis designated by Z or 035 , ε 26 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 6th century. The manuscript is lacunose.- Description :...

^vid 579 1424 it^e,k syr^s,c,p co^sa,bo

omits text ὀ Ἰησοῦς (Jesus) with א* and 073 892 it^ff¹ syr^c co^sa,bo Eusebius

οὐκ ἔξεστιν (it is not licit) D it^mss syr^s,c Origen

οὐκ ἐστιν (it is not) 1293 Tertullian Eusebius

οὐκ καλὸν ἐστιν (right it is not) 544 1010 geo

οὐκ ἔστιν καλὸν (it is not right) all other mss. (rell)

omits text ὁ Ἰησοῦς (Jesus) with Γ syr^s,c co^{sa^mss}

omits text κωφούς (mute)

adds text πάντας to read and he healed them all with it^mss co^{sa^mss,bo^ms}

(D*) omits text μήποτε ἐκλυθῶσιν ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ (lest they should faint in the way)

Μαγαδάν (Magadan) א* B D

Μαγεδάν (Magedan) א² Δ^lat lat^mss syr^s,c,(p) co^sa Eusebius

Μαγδαλάν (Magdalan) C N W 33 565 579 it^q mae-1 co^bo

Μαγδαλά (Magdala) L Δ^gr Θ f¹ f¹³ 22 892 Byz syr^h

omits text καὶ μοιχαλὶς (and adulterous) with it^mss

τῆς ζύμης (the leaven) D Θ f^{13^mss} 124
Minuscule 124
Minuscule 124 , ε 1211 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on 188 thick parchment leaves . Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has marginalia....

* 173
Minuscule 173
Minuscule 173 , ε 209 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. It has marginalia.- Description :...

565
Minuscule 565
Minuscule 565 , ε 93 , also known as the Empress Theodora's Codex. It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on purple parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century...

788 803 1058 1331 2145^c 2295 2315 it^a,b,d,ff² syr^s arm geo^mss Codex Schøyen

τῶν ἄρτων (the bread loaves) f¹ 517
Minuscule 517
Minuscule 517 , ε 167 α 214 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th or 12th century....

1424 1478* 1675, it^e Origen^pt

τῆς ζύμης τῶν ἄρτων (the leaven of the bread loaves) א‎² B K* L 157 176
Minuscule 176
Minuscule 176 , ε 301 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century...

372
Minuscule 372
Minuscule 372 , ε 600 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 16th century.It is almost without a marginal equipment.- Description :...

375
Minuscule 375
Minuscule 375 , ε 112 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.It contains marginalia.- Description :...

^(c) 805 892 954 1009 1241 1273^c 1295^c 1446 1478^c 1500^c 2585 2605 2737 it^aur,g¹,l vg co Origen^pt Jerome
Jerome
Saint Jerome was a Roman Christian priest, confessor, theologian and historian, and who became a Doctor of the Church. He was the son of Eusebius, of the city of Stridon, which was on the border of Dalmatia and Pannonia...

τῆς ζύμης τοῦ ἄρτου (the leaven of the bread loaf) C K^c W X
Codex Monacensis
Codex Monacensis designated by X or 033 , A3 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 9th or 10th century...

Π Γ Δ f^{13^mss} 22 124^c 387^c 700 1500* 2145* Byz it^c,f,q syr^p,h co^{sa^ms} co^{bo^mss} geo^mss Chrysostom
John Chrysostom
John Chrysostom , Archbishop of Constantinople, was an important Early Church Father. He is known for his eloquence in preaching and public speaking, his denunciation of abuse of authority by both ecclesiastical and political leaders, the Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom, and his ascetic...

τῆς ζύμης τῶν Φαρισαίων καὶ Σαδδουκαίων (the leaven of the Pharisees and the Sadducees) א‎* 30 (387*) (722) 785 1093 1279 1402 2297 2714 it^ff¹ syr^c

τῆς ζύμης τῶν Φαρισαίων (the leaven of the Pharisees) 33 1295*

reads ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ σῴζοντος (the son of the saving God) against all other mss.

ἐπετίμησεν (rebuked) B* D it^e syr^c Origen^mss

διεστείλατο (ordered) all other mss. (rell)

ὄρος ὑψηλὸν λίαν (very high mountain) D Eusebius

ὄρος ὑψηλὸν κατʼ ἰδίαν (high mountain by themselves) rell

λευκὰ ὡς χιών (white as snow) D lat^mss syr^c co^{bo^mss}

λευκὰ ὡς τὸ φῶς (white as the light) rell

(οὕτως καὶ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου μέλλει πάσχειν ὑπʼ αὐτῶν = So also the Son of Man is about to suffer at their hands) is transposed to follow Matthew 17:13, as in it^{a,b,c,d,e,ff¹,ff²,g¹,n,r¹}

ἀπιστίαν (unbelief) C D L W Δ 1424 Byz latt syr^s,p,h

ὀλιγοπιστίαν (littleness of faith) א B Θ 0281 f¹ f¹³ 22 33 579 700 892 1192 2211 2680 syr^c co Origen

Verse included in א‎² C D L W Δ f¹ f¹³ 22, 892^mg Byz it^mss vg syr^p,h mae-1 co^{bo^mss} arm Origen Basil

Verse omitted in א* B Θ 0281 33 579 788 892* 1604 2680 it^e,ff¹ syr^s,c,pal co^{sa,bo^mss} Codex Schøyen geo

omits text ὁ Πέτρος (Peter) with א B Θ 0281 f¹ 700 892* vg^mss syr^s co^{sa,bo^mss} Chrysostom

reads τῶν μικρῶν τούτων τῶν πιστευόντων εἰς ἐμέ (these little ones who believe in me) with it^mss vg^mss syr^c co^{sa^mss}

Verse included in D G L^c,(mg) M W Δ Θ^c 078^vid 1^c 22 157 346 579 892^c Byz lat syr^c,p,h co^{bo^mss}

Verse omitted in א B L* Θ* f¹ f¹³ 9 33 146 556 837 892* 899* 929* 1294 1502 2317 2680 it^e,ff¹ syr^s,pal co^{sa,bo^mss} mae-1 Codex Schøyen geo^mss Origen Eusebius

omits text μαρτύρων (witnesses)

(D*) omits text ἔσται δεδεμένα ἐν οὐρανῷ, καὶ ὅσα ἐὰν λύσητε ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς (will be bound in heaven, and whatever ye should loosen upon the earth) with itⁿ

καὶ ὃ ἀπολελυμένην γαμήσας μοιχᾶται (and who [ever] marries her who has been divorced commits adultery) B C* W Z Δ Θ 078 f¹ f¹³ 33 209^mg 892 Byz it^aur,c,f,q vg syr^p,h co^bo mae-1 Basil

ὡσαύτως καὶ ὃ γαμῶν ἀπολελυμένην μοιχᾶται (so also who [ever] marries her who has been divorced commits adultery)

²⁵

text omitted by א C‎³ D L S

Codex Vaticanus 354

Codex Vaticanus, designated by S or 028 , ε 1027 , formerly called Codex Guelpherbytanus, is a Greek manuscript of the four Gospels which can be dated to a specific year instead of an estimated range. The colophon of the codex lists the date as 949...

2* 69 209* 828 1241 it^{a,b,d,e,ff¹,ff²,g¹,h,l,r¹} syr^s,c co^{sa,bo^ms} Codex Schøyen Origen

τί με λέγεις ἀγαθόν; οὐδεὶς ἀγαθὸς εἰ μὴ εἷς ὁ θεὸς (Why are you calling me good? There is no one good, not one except God) C K W (Δ) f¹³ 28 33 118 565 1071 1241 1582^c Byz it^f,q syr^p,h co^{sa,bo^ms} Chrysostom Basil

τί με ἐρωτᾷς περὶ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ; εἷς ἐστιν ὁ ἀγαθός (Why are you asking me about the good? One there is that is good) א B D L Θ f¹ 22 700 892 1192* 1424^mg it^a,d syr^{s,h^mg} mae-1 arm geo aeth Origen

τί με ἐρωτᾷς περὶ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ; εἷς ἐστιν ὁ ἀγαθός ὁ θεὸς (Why are you asking me about the good? One there is that is good: God) lat syr^c co^bo mae

τί με ἐρωτᾷς περὶ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ; οὐδεὶς ἀγαθὸς εἰ μὴ εἷς ὁ θεὸς (Why are you asking me about the good? No one is good, not one except God) Eusebius

τί με λέγεις ἀγαθόν; εἷς ἐστιν ἀγαθός, ὁ πατὴρ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς (Why are you calling me good? One there is good: the Father in the heavens) Diatessaron^mss Justin Martyr

Justin Martyr

Justin Martyr, also known as just Saint Justin , was an early Christian apologist. Most of his works are lost, but two apologies and a dialogue survive. He is considered a saint by the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church....

, Irenaeus, Hippolytus

τί με λέγεις ἀγαθόν; εἷς ἐστιν ἀγαθός, ὁ πατὴρ (Why are you calling me good? One there is good: the Father) Marcion

Marcion of Sinope

Marcion of Sinope was a bishop in early Christianity. His theology, which rejected the deity described in the Jewish Scriptures as inferior or subjugated to the God proclaimed in the Christian gospel, was denounced by the Church Fathers and he was excommunicated...

it^(e) (Clement)

reads ἐξεπλήσσοντο καὶ ἐφοβήθησαν σφόδρα (they were astonished and they were afraid exceedingly) with it^mss vg^mss syr^c

omits text ἢ πατέρα (or their father) and text ἢ γυναῖκα (or their wife)

πολλαπλασίονα (manifold) B L 579 co^sa mae-1 Origen

ἑκατονταπλασίονα (hundredfold) א C D W Δ Θ f^1,13 33 Byz latt syr co^bo Codex Schøyen Basil rell

adds text πολλοὶ γὰρ εἰσιν κλητοί ὀλίγοι δὲ ἐκλεκτοὶ (for many are called, but few chosen) with C W Δ Θ f^1,13 33 Byz latt syr mae-1 co^{bo^mss}

omits text μαθητὰς (disciples) with א L Θ f^1,13 892* syr^s,c co^bo Codex Schøyen Origen

καὶ τὸ βάπτισμα ὃ ἐγὼ βαπτίζομαι βαπτισθήσεσθε (and the baptism which I am baptized with ye will be baptized) C W X Δ Σ Φ f^{13^mss} 33 579 Byz it^f,h,q syr^p,h co^{bo^mss}

omit text — א B D L Z Θ 085 f^{1,13^mss} 22 lat syr^s,c co^{sa,bo^mss} mae-1 Codex Schøyen

contains the following text, occurring also in Φ

Codex Beratinus

Codex Purpureus Beratinus designated by Φ or 043 , ε 17 , is an uncial illuminated manuscript Gospel book written in Greek. Dated palaeographically to the 6th century, the manuscript is written in an uncial hand on purple vellum with silver ink. The codex is preserved at the Albanian National...

it^{aCodex Vercellensis
The title Codex Vercellensis refers to two manuscript codices preserved in the cathedral library of Vercelli, in the Piedmont Region, Italy.- Old Latin Codex Vercellensis :...

, aurStockholm Codex Aureus
The Stockholm Codex Aureus is an Insular Gospel book written in the mid-eighth century in Southumbria, probably in Canterbury...

, bCodex Veronensis
The Codex Veronensis, designated by siglum b or 4 , is a 4th or 5th century Latin Gospel Book. The text, written on purple dyed vellum in silver and occasionally gold ink, is a version of the old Latin. The Gospels follow in the Western order.- Description :The manuscript contains the Latin text of...

, cCodex Colbertinus
Codex Colbertinus, designated by 6 or c, is a Latin manuscript of the Bible. Its version of the four Gospels and Book of Acts follows the Vetus Latina, while the rest of the New Testament follows the Vulgate. It was written in the 11th or 12th century, probably in southern France.The Latin text of...

,d, eCodex Palatinus
The Codex Palatinus, designated by e or 2 , is a 4th or 5th century Latin Gospel Book. The text, written on purple dyed vellum in gold and silver ink , is a version of the old Latin.- Description :...

, ff¹Codex Corbeiensis I
The Codex Corbeiensis I, designated by ff1 or 9 , is a 8th, 9th, or 10th century Latin New Testament manuscript. The text, written on vellum, is a version of the old Latin...

, ff²Codex Corbeiensis II
The Codex Corbeiensis II, designated by ff2 or 8 , is a 5th or 6th century Latin Gospel Book. The text, written on vellum, is a version of the old Latin. The manuscript contains 190 parchment folio with the text of the four Gospels with lacunae...

,(g¹Codex Sangermanensis I
The Codex Sangermanensis I, designated by g1 or 7 , is a 7th or 8th century Latin manuscript of the New Testament. The text, written on vellum, is a version of the Latin. The manuscript contains the Vulgate Bible, on 191 leaves of which, in the New Testament, the Gospel of Matthew contain Old...

), hCodex Claromontanus
Codex Claromontanus, symbolized by Dp or 06 , δ 1026 , is a Greek-Latin diglot uncial manuscript of the New Testament, written in an uncial hand on vellum. The Greek and Latin text on facing pages...

,(mCodex Speculum
The Codex Speculum or Speculum Ps-Augustine, designated by m, is a 5th century Latin manuscript of the New Testament. The text, written on vellum, is a version of the old Latin. The manuscript contains passages from all the books of the New Testament except 3 John, Hebrews, and Philemon on 154...

),n, r¹Codex Usserianus Primus
Codex Usserianus Primus is an early 7th century Old Latin Gospel Book. It is dated palaeographically to the 6th or 7th century. It is designated by r .- Description :...

, r²Codex Usserianus II
The Codex Usserianus II, designated by r2 or 28 , is an 8th to 10th century Latin Gospel Book, also known as The Garland of Howth. The text, written on vellum, is a version of the old Latin. The manuscript contains the text of the four Gospels with lacunae.The text of the codex is mixed...} vg^mss syr^{(c),p^ms,h^mg} Juvencus Hilary

ὑμεῖς δὲ ζητεῖτε ἐκ μικροῦ αὐξήσαι καὶ ἐκ μείζονος ἔλαττον εἶναι εἰσερχόμενοι δὲ καὶ παρακληθέντες δειπνῆσαι μὴ ἀνὰκλινεσθε εἷς τοὺς ἐξἔχοντας τόπους μήποτε ἐνδοξότερον σου ἐπέλθῃ καὶ προσελθὼν ὁ δειπνοκλήτωρ εἴπῃ σοι ἔτι κάτω χὼρει καὶ καταισχυνθήσῃ ἐὰν δὲ αναπεσής εἷς τόν ἥττονα τόπον καὶ ἐπέλθῃ σου ἥσσων ἐρεῖ σοι ὁ δειπνοκλήτωρ σύναγε ἔτι ἄνω καὶ ἔσται σοι τοῦτο χρήσιμον

But seek to increase from that which is small, and to become less from that which is greater. When you enter into a house and are summoned to dine, do not sit down at the prominent places, lest perchance a man more honorable than you come in afterwards, and he who invited you come and say to you, "Go down lower"; and you shall be ashamed. But if you sit down in the inferior place, and one inferior to you come in, then he that invited you will say to you, "Go up higher"; and this will be advantageous for you.

In syr^c the passage reads slightly different, perhaps making more intelligible sense. The Syriac reflects the following Greek text. Literal translation:

ὑμεῖς δὲ ζητεῖτε ἐκ μικροῦ αὐξήσαι καὶ μὴ ἐκ μείζονος ἔλαττον εἶναι εἰσερχόμενοι δὲ καὶ παρακληθέντες δειπνῆσαι μὴ ἀνὰκλινεσθε εἷς τοὺς ἐξἔχοντας τόπους μήποτε ἐνδοξότερον σου ἐπέλθῃ καὶ προσελθὼν ὁ δειπνοκλήτωρ εἴπῃ σοι ἔτι κάτω χὼρει καὶ καταισχυνθήσῃ ἐὰν δὲ αναπεσής εἷς τόν ἥττονα τόπον καὶ ἐπέλθῃ σου ἥσσων ἐρεῖ σοι ὁ δειπνοκλήτωρ σύναγε ἔτι ἄνω καὶ ἔσται σοι τοῦτο χρήσιμον

But seek ye to increase from the least, and not from the greater to become the lesser. Also, when ye enter and are invited to dine, do not recline in one of the distinguished places, lest one more honorable than you might come and, upon approaching the dinner host, you should be told, "Move further down," and you will be humiliated. But if you recline in the inferior place, and one lesser than you should come, the dinner host will tell you, "Come, be joined in yet higher," and this will be of benefit to you.

omits text Κύριε (Lord) with א Θ f¹³ 118 157 209 346 565 700 it^{a,b,c,d,e,ff¹,ff²,h,n} syr^{c,pal^ms} mae-1 Codex Schøyen

τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦ θεοῦ (the temple of God) C D W X Δ Σ Φ f¹ 22 69 124 174 346 983 Byz lat syr geo^mss Basil

τὸ ἱερὸν (the temple) א B L Θ 0281^vid f¹³, most minuscule mss., it^b syr^pal co Codex Schøyen arm geo^mss aeth

is omitted, as in

¹⁰⁴ 33 it^{a,b,d,e,ff¹,ff²,r¹} syr^s Irenaeus

Irenaeus

^lat Origen

Origen

Eusebius

Eusebius of Caesarea

Ἄρατε αὐτόν ποδῶν καὶ χειρῶν καὶ Βάλετε αὐτόν εἰς τὸ σκότος τὸ ἐξώτερον (Take^pl him [by] his feet and his hands and cast^pl him into the outer darkness) D it^{a,b,c,d,e,ff¹,ff²,h,q,r¹} syr^s,c Irenaeus^lat Lucifer

Δήσαντες αὐτοῦ πόδας καὶ χεῖρας ἐκβάλετε αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ σκότος τὸ ἐξώτερον (After binding^pl him [by] his feet and his hands, dispel^pl him into the outer darkness) א B L Θ 085 f¹ 22 700 892 it^aur,f,g¹,l vg syr^p co Codex Schøyen Didymus

Δήσαντες αὐτοῦ πόδας καὶ χεῖρας ἄρατε αὐτόν καὶ ἐκβάλετε εἰς τὸ σκότος τὸ ἐξώτερον (After binding^pl him [by] his feet and his hands, take^pl and dispel^pl him into the outer darkness) C (M) W Δ (Φ) 0102 33 (565) (579) (1241) (1424) Byz it^f syr^(h)

Βάλετε εἰς τὸ σκότος τὸ ἐξώτερον (cast^pl [him] into the outer darkness) f¹³

omits text Εἰπέ οὖν ἡμῖν (Therefore, tell us) with it^{a,b,d,e,ff¹,ff²,q,r¹} syr^s co^{bo^ms} Codex Schøyen

omits text τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ (his wife)

ἄγγελοι (angels) B D E* Θ 0197 0233 f¹ 22 700 it^mss syr^s,c co^sa Codex Schøyen arm geo Origen Severus
Severus of Antioch
Severus, Patriarch of Antioch , born approximately 465 in Sozopolis in Pisidia, was by birth and education a pagan, who was baptized in the "precinct of the divine martyr Leontius" at Tripoli, Lebanon.- Life :...

ἄγγελοι θεοῦ (angels of God) א L Σ f¹³ 28 33 157 892 1071 1241 1243 1292 1424 it^{aur,ff¹,g¹,l} vg syr^h,p co^bo

ἄγγελοι τοῦ θεοῦ (angels of the God) W Δ 0102 0161 565 579 Byz

εἰ οὖν Δαυὶδ ἐν πνεύματι καλεῖ αὐτὸν κύριον (If then David in the Spirit calls him "Lord") D K Δ Θ 0281 f¹³ 565 1424 it^mss vg^mss syr^h** mae-1 co^{bo^mss}

εἰ οὖν Δαυὶδ καλεῖ αὐτὸν κύριον (If then David calls him "Lord") rell

ἐκείνης τῆς ὥρας (from that hour) D W f¹ 1506 it^a,d,q syr^s,c co^{bo^mss} Origen

ἐκείνης τῆς ἡμέρας (from that day) rell

ῥαββί ῥαββί (Rabbi! Rabbi!) D W 0107 f¹³ Byz syr^s,c,h

ῥαββί (Rabbi) א B L Δ Θ 0102 f¹ 33 892 1241 lat syr^p co

καθηγητὴς ὁ χριστός (your teacher, the Christ) א^*,2 D K Π L (W) Δ Θ 0102 0107 f^1,13 Byz Basil

διδάσκαλος (your teacher) א¹ B 33 517 565 892* co Clement
Clement of Alexandria
Titus Flavius Clemens , known as Clement of Alexandria , was a Christian theologian and the head of the noted Catechetical School of Alexandria. Clement is best remembered as the teacher of Origen...

διδάσκαλος ὁ χριστός (your teacher, the Christ) 892^c

ῥαββί (Rabbi) syr^p

ῥαββί ὁ χριστός (Rabbi, the Christ) syr^c

is omitted, as in א B D L Z Θ f¹ 33 892* it^{a,aur,d,e,ff¹,g¹} vg syr^{s,pal^ms} co^{sa,bo^mss} mae-1 Codex Schøyen arm geo Origen Eusebius

omits text καὶ τῆς παροψίδος (and the plate) with Θ f¹ 2* 700 it^{a,d,e,ff²,r¹} syr^s Irenaeus^lat Clement

omits text καὶ ἐξ αὐτῶν μαστιγώσετε ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς ὑμῶν (and of them, ye will scourge in your synagogues) with it^a Lucifer

adds text ἀρχομένων δὲ τούτων γίνεσθαι ἀναβλέψατε καὶ ἐπάρατε τὰς κεφαλὰς ὑμῶν διότι ἐγγίζει ἡ ἀπολύτρωσις ὑμῶν (But when these things begin happening, look up and lift up your heads, because that your redemption is approaching) with 1093 it^{b,c,d,h,q,r¹}

adds text δύο ἐπὶ κλίνης μιᾶς εἷς παραλαμβάνεται καὶ εἷς ἀφίεται (two upon one bed; one taken, and one left) with f¹³ it^mss vg^mss Origen^mss

reads τοῦ νυμφίου καὶ τῆς νύμφης (the bridegroom and his bride) with X Θ Σ f¹ 124* 174 latt syr^s,p,h** mae-1 arm geo^mss Diatessaron^mss Origen Basil

τὸ ἡτοιμασμένον (which has been prepared)

⁴⁵

Papyrus 45

Papyrus 45 is an early New Testament manuscript which is a part of the Chester Beatty Papyri. It was probably created around 250 in Egypt. It contains the texts of Matthew 20-21 and 25-26; Mark 4-9 and 11-12; Luke 6-7 and 9-14; John 4-5 and 10-11; and Acts 4-17...

א A B L W Θ 067 0128 f¹³ 33 Byz it^mss vg syr co^sa,bo Eusebius Didymus

τῷ ἡτοιμασμένον (that has been prepared) F

ὁ ἡτοίμασεν ὁ πατὴρ μου (which my Father prepared) D f¹ 22 it^mss mae-1 Justin

Justin Martyr

Irenaeus^lat Origen Cyprian

ὁ ἡτοίμασεν ὁ κύριος (which the LORD prepared) Clement Tertullian

τῆς καινῆς διαθήκης (the new covenant) A C D K W Π Δ f¹ f¹³ Byz latt syr co^sa,bo Irenaeus^lat

τῆς διαθήκης (the covenant)

³⁷

^{45^vid} א B L Z Θ 0298^vid 33 mae-1 co^{bo^ms} Irenaeus^arm

omits text ἐκ τρίτου (out a third time) with

³⁷ A K Π f¹ 157 565 652 1424 it^{a,b,d,ff²,r¹

ψευδομάρτυρες (false witnesses) (A) C D N W f¹³ 33 1241 Byz latt syr^(s),h
omit text — א B L Θ f¹ syr^p co

adds text οὐδὲ ἐπίσταμαι (nor have I known him) with Δ 090 f¹ 652 it^a,b,n,r¹ syr^s,pal

reads εἶδεν αὐτὸν ἄλλη παιδίσκη (another maidservant saw him) with it^mss vg^mss

Ἰησοῦν Βαραββᾶν (Jesus Barabbas) Θ f¹ 700* syr^{s,pal^mss} arm geo^mss Origen and Origen^mss
Βαραββᾶν (Barabbas) א A B D L W 0250 f¹³ Byz latt syr^p,h co rell

Ἰησοῦν τὸν Βαραββᾶν (Jesus, the son of their rabban) (Θ) f¹ 22* (700*) syr^{s,pal^mss} arm geo^mss Origen^pt and Origen^mss
τὸν Βαραββᾶν (the son of their rabban) B 1010 Origen^pt
Βαραββᾶν (Barabbas) א A D L W f¹³ 33 Byz latt syr^p,h co Origen^mss

τὸν Βαραββᾶν (the son of their rabban) א B L Θ f¹ 33 892*
Βαραββᾶν (Barabbas) A D W f¹³ Byz

κατέναντι (in the sight of) B D 0281
ἀπέναντι (amidst) א A L W Θ f¹ f¹³ 33 Byz

ενδυσαντες (upon clothing him) א‎^c B D 157 1424 it^mss vg^mss syr^s aeth Origen Diatessaron
ἐκδύσαντες (upon undressing him) rell

τῶν γραμματέων καὶ Φαρισαίων (the scribes and Pharisees) D W 517 1424 it^{a,b,c,d,ff²,g¹,h,q,r¹} syr^s
τῶν γραμματέων καὶ πρεσβυτέρων (the scribes and elders) א A B L Θ f¹ f¹³ 33 652 700 892 it^{aur,ff¹,g¹,l} vg co^{sa^mss},bo^mss mae-1 Codex Schøyen
τῶν γραμματέων καὶ πρεσβυτέρων καὶ Φαρισαίων (the scribes and elders and Pharisees) Y Δ Π Σ Φ 22 157 565 Byz it^f syr^p,h co^{bo^mss}
omit text — Γ

λαμὰ ζαφθανι {"lamah zaphthani"} (Why have you forsaken me?) D* it^mss
λαμα σαβαχθανί {"lama sabachthani"} (Why have you forsaken me?) Θ f¹ vg^mss mae-1
λιμὰ σαβαχθανί {"lima sabachthani"} (Why have you forsaken me?) A (W) f¹³ Byz it^mss
λεμα σαβακτανεί {"lema sabaktanei"} (Why have you forsaken me?) B (892) it^mss vg^mss co^{bo^mss}
λεμα σαβαχθανι {"lema sabachthani"} (Why have you forsaken me?) א L 33 700 it^ms

Ἔχετε φυλακὰς (You have watchmen) D* it^mss vg^ms co^bo mae-1
Ἔχετε κουστωδίαν (You have a watch) rell

τῶν φυλακων (their watchmen) D* it^mss vg^mss co^{bo^mss} mae-1
τῆς κουστωδίας (their watch) rell

ἀπεκύλισεν τὸν λίθον (rolled away the stone) א B D 700 892 it^mss vg syr^s co^sa
ἀπεκύλισεν τὸν λίθον ἀπὸ τῆς θύρας (rolled away the stone from the opening) A C K W Δ 579 1424 Byz^mss it^mss syr^p
ἀπεκύλισεν τὸν λίθον ἀπὸ τῆς θύρας τοῦ μνημείου (rolled away the stone from the opening of the tomb) L Γ Θ f¹ f¹³ 22 33 157 565 1241 Byz^mss syr^h,pal co^bo mae-1 Codex Schøyen Eusebius

τὸν τόπον ὅπου ἔκειτο ὁ κύριος (the place where the Lord was positioned) A C D L W Δ 0148 f¹ f¹³ 652 Byz it^mss vg syr^(p),h,pal
τὸν τόπον ὅπου ἔκειτο (the place where he was positioned) א B Θ 33 892* it^e syr^s co Codex Schøyen
τὸν τόπον ὅπου ἔκειτο τὸ σῶμα τοῦ κυρίου (the place where was positioned the body of the Lord) 1424
τὸν τόπον ὅπου ἔκειτο ὁ Ἰησοῦς (the place where Jesus was positioned) Φ

omits text ἀπὸ τῶν νεκρῶν (from the dead) with 565 it^{a,b,d,e,ff¹,g¹,h,l,r¹} vg syr^s arm Origen

Ὡς δὲ ἐπορεύοντο ἀπαγγεῖλαι τοῖς μαθηταῖς αὐτοῦ (But as they were going to address his disciples) opens verse in A C L Δ Σ Φ 0148 f¹ (1424) Byz it^f,(q) syr^h
text omitted — א B D W Θ f¹³ 13 33 69 279 700 788 892 1292 2680 it^mss vg syr^p co Codex Schøyen Origen Eusebius CyrilCyril of Jerusalem
Cyril of Jerusalem was a distinguished theologian of the early Church . He is venerated as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, and the Anglican Communion. In 1883, Cyril was declared a Doctor of the Church by Pope Leo XIII...

ἐν οὐρανοῖς (in the heavens) D
ἐν οὐρανῷ (in heaven) rell

Gospel of Mark

Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ υἱοῦ θεοῦ (Jesus Christ, son of God) א‎¹ B D L W 732 1602 2427 latt syr^mss co goth IrenaeusIrenaeus
Saint Irenaeus , was Bishop of Lugdunum in Gaul, then a part of the Roman Empire . He was an early church father and apologist, and his writings were formative in the early development of Christian theology...

^lat
Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ (Jesus Christ, son of the God) A Δ f^1,13 33 565 579 700 892 1071 1342 1424 Byz syr^p,h
Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ κυρίου (Jesus Christ, son of the LORD) 1241
Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ (Jesus Christ) — א* Θ 28 530 582* 820*Minuscule 820 (Gregory-Aland)
Minuscule 820 , Θε37 , is a 13th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on paper, with a commentary.According to the colophon it was written in 1292.- Description :...

1021 1436 1555* 1692 2430 2533 syr^(pal) co^{sa^ms} arm^mss Irenaeus^pt OrigenOrigen
Origen , or Origen Adamantius, 184/5–253/4, was an early Christian Alexandrian scholar and theologian, and one of the most distinguished writers of the early Church. As early as the fourth century, his orthodoxy was suspect, in part because he believed in the pre-existence of souls...

BasilBasil of Caesarea
Basil of Caesarea, also called Saint Basil the Great, was the bishop of Caesarea Mazaca in Cappadocia, Asia Minor . He was an influential 4th century Christian theologian...

CyrilCyril of Jerusalem
Cyril of Jerusalem was a distinguished theologian of the early Church . He is venerated as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, and the Anglican Communion. In 1883, Cyril was declared a Doctor of the Church by Pope Leo XIII...

EpiphaniusEpiphanius of Salamis
Epiphanius of Salamis was bishop of Salamis at the end of the 4th century. He is considered a saint and a Church Father by both the Eastern Orthodox and Catholic Churches. He gained a reputation as a strong defender of orthodoxy...

JeromeJerome
Saint Jerome was a Roman Christian priest, confessor, theologian and historian, and who became a Doctor of the Church. He was the son of Eusebius, of the city of Stridon, which was on the border of Dalmatia and Pannonia...

Ἠσαΐᾳ τῷ προφήτῃ (Isaiah the prophet) D Θ f¹ 700 ℓ^844,2211 Irenaeus^pt Origen^pt Epiphanius TitusTitus of Bostra
Titus of Bostra was a Christian theologian and bishop. Sozomen names Titus among the great men of the time of Constantius.-Life:...

τῷ Ἠσαΐᾳ τῷ προφήτῃ (Isaiah the prophet) א B L Δ 22 33 565 892 1241 2427 lat syr^{p,h^mg,pal} co^{sa,bo^mss} arm geo goth Irenaeus^pt Origen^pt Basil EusebiusEusebius of Caesarea
Eusebius of Caesarea also called Eusebius Pamphili, was a Roman historian, exegete and Christian polemicist. He became the Bishop of Caesarea in Palestine about the year 314. Together with Pamphilus, he was a scholar of the Biblical canon...

Jerome
τοῖς προφήταις (the prophets) A P W f¹³ 28 579 1342 Byz vg^ms syr^h co^{bo^mss} Irenaeus^pt
in the prophet Malachi syr^{h^mg(mss)}

omits text καὶ ζώνην δερματίνην περὶ τὴν ὀσφὺν αὐτοῦ (and a leather belt roundabout his waist) with it^{a,b,d,ff²,r¹,t} vg^ms

omits text κύψας (stoop) with Θ f¹³ 28* 565 ℓ^844,2211 it^mss

τῆς βασιλείας (the kingdom) A D K Π W Δ f^{13^mss} 28^mg 157 700 1071 1424 1475^c 2766^c Byz it^mss vg syr^p co^{bo^mss} goth
omit text — א B L Θ f^{1,13^mss} 28* 33 156 301 373 508 565 579 717Minuscule 717
Minuscule 717 , ε274 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th or 12th century...

892 1090 1127 1320 1342 1416 1464 1475* 1566 2126 2427 2766* it^b,c,ff²,t syr^s,h co^{sa,bo^mss} Origen

it has απεκριτη. The other manuscripts have:

λεγιων ονομα μοι — א B C L Δ
απεκριθη λεγων — E 565 700
λεγεων — A W Θ f¹ f¹³ Byz

In , D contains a unique verse order of 23, 25, 24, 26.

και μετα τριων ημερων αλλος αναστησεται ανευ χειρων (and within three days another will arise without hands) D W it^{a,b,c,d,(e),ff²,i,(k),n,r¹} Cyprian
text omitted — rell

In (see ) it has ὠνείδισάς με (insult me), supported by Old Latin it^{c, (i), k} and by syr^h. The ordinary reading here is ἐγκατέλιπές με (forsaken me) supported by Alexandrian mss, or με ἐγκατέλιπες (see ) supported by Byzantine mss.

Gospel of Luke
In the codex contains unique textual variant ἁπτύξας (touched), corrected by a later hand into ἀναπτύξας (unrolled). The other manuscripts have in this place:

ἀνοίξας (opened) — B, A, L, W, Ξ, 33Minuscule 33
Minuscule 33 , δ 48 , formerly it was called Codex Colbertinus 2844, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia...

, 892, 1195, 1241, ℓ 547, syr^{s, h, pal}, cop^{sa, bo}
ἀναπτύξας (unrolled) — א, K, Δ, Θ, Π, Ψ, f¹, f¹³, 28Minuscule 28
Minuscule 28 , ε 168 , formerly known as Colbertinus 4705, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on vellum. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has marginalia. It is lacunose.- Description :The codex contains the text of the four Gospels on 292...

, 565Minuscule 565
Minuscule 565 , ε 93 , also known as the Empress Theodora's Codex. It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on purple parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century...

, 700, 1009, 1010, 1071, 1079, 1216, 1230, 1242, 1253Minuscule 1253
Minuscule 1253 , Θε64 . It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on paper. Palaeografically it has been assigned to the 15th century...

, 1344, 1546, 1646, 2148, 2174, Byz.

In Bezae contains an interpolation:

"On that same day, seeing someone working on the Sabbath, he (Jesus) said to him, 'Man, if you know what you do, blessed are you; but if you do not know, you are cursed and a transgressor of the law.'"

In επειδη επληρωσεν παντα τα ρηματα αυτου εις τας ακοας του λαου εισηλθεν ] και εγενετο οτε ετελεσεν ταυτα τα ρηματα λαλων ηλθεν

In δουλος ] παις

στραφεις δε επετιμησεν αυτοις και ειπεν, Ουκ οιδατε ποιου πνευματος εστε (But He turned and rebuked them and He said: You do not know what manner of spirit you are of) — as in (ℓ 1127^m) d geo

In it contains the unique variant ἐφ ἡμᾶς ἐλθέτω σου ἡ βασιλεία (Let thine kingdom come upon us). Comparatively, others read:

ἐλθέτω τὸ πνεῦμα σου τὸ ἄγιον εφ ημας και καθαρισατω ημας (May your Holy Spirit come upon us and cleanse us) — 162Minuscule 162
Minuscule 162 , ε 214 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1153.It has marginalia.- Description :...

, 700Minuscule 700
Minuscule 700 , ε 133 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the Gospels. Formerly it was labelled as 604 in all catalogues , Gregory gave it the number 700....

ἐλθέτω ἡ βασιλεία σου (May your kingdom come) — majority of mss
ἐλθάτω ἡ βασιλεία σου (May your kingdom come) — C P W Δ f¹³ 1241 (p⁴⁵Papyrus 45
Papyrus 45 is an early New Testament manuscript which is a part of the Chester Beatty Papyri. It was probably created around 250 in Egypt. It contains the texts of Matthew 20-21 and 25-26; Mark 4-9 and 11-12; Luke 6-7 and 9-14; John 4-5 and 10-11; and Acts 4-17...

indistinguishable ἐλθάτω or ἐλθέτω)
omit — geo

In it reads ηγγισεν for εγγιζεν long with Codex RegiusCodex Regius (New Testament)
Codex Regius designated by siglum Le or 019 , ε 56 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 8th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia....

.

omits text ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς ἔλεγεν πάτερ, ἄφες αὐτοῖς, οὐ γὰρ οἴδασιν τί ποιοῦσιν (Then Jesus said, "Father, forgive them, for they know not what they are doing") with ⁷⁵ א^a B WCodex Washingtonianus
The Codex Washingtonianus or Codex Washingtonensis, designated by W or 032 , ε 014 , also called the Washington Manuscript of the Gospels, and The Freer Gospel, contains the four biblical gospels and was written in Greek on vellum in the fourth or fifth century...

ΘCodex Koridethi
The Codex Koridethi, also named Codex Coridethianus, designated by Θ, 038, or Theta , ε 050 , is a 9th century manuscript of the four Gospels. It is written in Greek with uncial script in two columns per page, in 25 lines per page...

0124Uncial 070
Uncial 070 , ε 6 , is a Greek-Coptic diglot uncial manuscript of the New Testament. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 6th century....

31* 38Minuscule 38
Minuscule 38 , δ 355 . It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on vellum. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. Formerly it was labelled by 38e, 19a, 377p....

435 597* 1241 1808* it^{aCodex Vercellensis
The title Codex Vercellensis refers to two manuscript codices preserved in the cathedral library of Vercelli, in the Piedmont Region, Italy.- Old Latin Codex Vercellensis :...

,b^c,d} syr^s cop^sa,bo.

omits text ἀρώματα with (aromatics) it^mss syr^s,c co^sa

omits text ἐλθοῦσαι δὲ εὗρον (Then, upon arriving, they found) with 070 it^c co^sa

omits text τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ (the Lord Jesus) with it^{a,b,d,e,ff²,l,r¹}

omits text οὐκ ἔστιν ὧδε, ἀλλὰ ἠγέρθη with it^{a,b,d,e,ff²,l,r¹} arm^mss geo^mss

omits text ἁμαρτωλῶν (sinful) with it^{a,b,d,e,ff²,l,r¹}

omits text ἀπὸ τοῦ μνημείου (from the tomb) with it^{a,b,d,e,ff²,l,r¹} arm geo

omits text ἦσαν δὲ (Now they were) with A W Γ 788 1241 ℓ^mss it^d,e syr^s,c

is omitted, as in it^{a,b,d,e,l,r¹}

reads Ουλαμμαους (Oulammaous) for Εμμαους (Emmaous).

omits text καὶ ἐστάθησαν (and they stood still) with Cyril

omits text καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς εἰρήνη ὑμῖν (and said to them, "Peace be unto you") with it^{a,b,e,ff²,l,r¹

reads φαντασμα (phantasma) rather than πνευμα (spirit) with Marcion^Tert.

is omitted, as in it^{a,b,d,e,ff²,l,r¹} syr^s,c Marcion

omits text και απο μελισσιου κηριου (and honeycomb of the beehive) with ⁷⁵ א A B L W P 579 1079 1377* 2411 it^d,e syr^s co^{sa,bo^mss}

omits text ἐκ νεκρῶν (from the dead) with co^sa

omits text τοῦ πατρός (my Father) with it^e

omits text Ἱερουσαλήμ (Jerusalem) with ⁷⁵ א B C* L it^mss vg syr^s co^{sa,bo^mss} Didymus

omits text καὶ ἀνεφέρετο εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν (and he was being uplifted into the sky) א* it^{a,b,d,e,ff²,l}

omits text προσκυνήσαντες αὐτὸν (upon worshiping him) with it^{a,b,d,e,ff²,l} syr^s

αἰνοῦντες (praising) D it^{a,b,d,e,ff²,l,r¹} vg^mss
εὐλογοῦντες (eulogizing) ⁷⁵ א B C* L syr^s,pal co^sa,bo geo
αἰνοῦντες καὶ εὐλογοῦντες (praising and eulogizing) A C‎² W Δ Θ Ψ f¹ f¹³ 33 157 579 Byz it^aur,c,f,q vg^mss syr^p,h arm

Gospel of John

ἐν αὐτῷ ζωὴ ἐστίν (in Him is life) — Sinaiticus, Bezae, Vetus Latina, Sahidic mss
ἐν αὐτῷ ζωὴ ᾓν (in Him was life) — majority of mss

υιος σου – Greek text of the codex
υιος αυτου – Latin text

omits text οὐ γὰρ συγχρῶνται Ἰουδαῖοι Σαμαρίταις (for Jews have no dealings with Samaritans) with א* it^a,b,d,e,j

της θαλασσης της Γαλιλαιας εις τα μερη της Τιβεριαδος – along with ΘCodex Koridethi
The Codex Koridethi, also named Codex Coridethianus, designated by Θ, 038, or Theta , ε 050 , is a 9th century manuscript of the four Gospels. It is written in Greek with uncial script in two columns per page, in 25 lines per page...

, 892Minuscule 892
Minuscule 892 , ε 1016 . It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on 353 parchment leaves . It is dated palaeografically to the 9th century.- Description :...

, 1009, 1230, 1253Minuscule 253
Minuscule 253 , A123 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has marginalia.- Description :...

εγω ουκ αναβαινω (I am not going) – Sinaiticus, Bezae, Codex CypriusCodex Cyprius
Codex Cyprius, designated by Ke or 017 , ε 71 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the four Gospels, on parchment. It was variously dated in the past , currently it is dated to the 9th century. It was brought from Cyprus to Paris...

, 1241
εγω ουπω αναβαινω (I am not yet going) – Vaticanus, RegiusCodex Regius (New Testament)
Codex Regius designated by siglum Le or 019 , ε 56 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 8th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia....

, BorgianusCodex Borgianus
Codex Borgianus, designated by T or 029 , ε 5 , is a Greek and Sahidic uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 5th century...

, WashingtonianusCodex Washingtonianus
The Codex Washingtonianus or Codex Washingtonensis, designated by W or 032 , ε 014 , also called the Washington Manuscript of the Gospels, and The Freer Gospel, contains the four biblical gospels and was written in Greek on vellum in the fourth or fifth century...

, KoridethiCodex Koridethi
The Codex Koridethi, also named Codex Coridethianus, designated by Θ, 038, or Theta , ε 050 , is a 9th century manuscript of the four Gospels. It is written in Greek with uncial script in two columns per page, in 25 lines per page...

, Ψ, 0105Uncial 0105
Uncial 0105 , ε 45 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament. It is dated paleographically to the 10th century. Formerly it was labelled by Wn.- Description :...

, 0180, 0250, f¹, f¹³, Byz

εἰς τὴν χώραν Σαμφουριν ἐγγὺς τῆς ἐρήμου (into the region of SepphorisTzippori
Tzippori , also known as Sepphoris, Dioceserea and Saffuriya is located in the central Galilee region, north-northwest of Nazareth, in modern-day Israel...

near the wilderness) — D
εἰς τὴν χώραν ἐγγὺς τῆς ἐρήμου (into the region near the wilderness) — majority of mss

is located before .

Acts of the Apostles
In it reads του κυριου (of the Lord) together with the manuscripts Papyrus 74 C*Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus
Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus is an early 5th century Greek manuscript of the Bible, the last in the group of the four great uncial manuscripts...

ECodex Laudianus
Codex Laudianus, designated by Ea or 08 , α 1001 , called Laudianus after the former owner, Archbishop William Laud. It is a diglot Latin — Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, palaeographically assigned to the 6th century...

Ψ 33Minuscule 33
Minuscule 33 , δ 48 , formerly it was called Codex Colbertinus 2844, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia...

36Minuscule 36
Minuscule 36 , A20 . It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on vellum. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. It has complex contents and full marginalia.- Description :...

453Minuscule 453
Minuscule 453 , A πρ40 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on a parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century.Formerly it was labelled by 81a.- Description :...

945 1739Minuscule 1739
Minuscule 1739 ; α 78 per is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on 102 parchment leaves . It is dated paleographically to the 10th century.- Description :...

1891.

See also

List of New Testament uncials
List of New Testament Latin manuscripts
Western non-interpolationsWestern non-interpolations
Western non-interpolations are readings in the Western text-type that are shorter than those of other New Testament text types. The term was coined by F. J. A. Hort....

Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscript
A biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...

Codex GlazierCodex Glazier
Codex Glazier, designated by siglum copG67, is a Coptic uncial manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. It is dated palaeographically to the 4th or 5th century. Textually it is very close to Greek Codex Bezae.- Description :...

Further reading

Christian-B. Amphoux, «La grande lacune du Codex de Bèze.», Vol. 17 (2004) 3-26
F. H. ChaseFrederic Henry Chase
Frederic Henry Chase was a British academic and bishop.- Life :Chase was educated at King's College School, London and Christ's College, Cambridge, graduating in classics with the Powys Medal....

, The Old Syriac Element in the Text of Codex Bezae. MacMillan, 1893.
J. Rendel HarrisJ. Rendel Harris
James Rendel Harris was an English biblical scholar and curator of manuscripts, who was instrumental in bringing back to light many Syriac Scriptures and other early documents...

, Codex Bezae: A Study of the so-called Western Text of the New Testament. Cambridge: University Press, 1891.
J. Rendel Harris, Four lectures on the western text of the New Testament (London 1894)
M.-É. BoismardMarie-Émile Boismard
Claude Boismard was a French biblical scholar.He was educated in Rome, he was professor of the New Testament. As part of the École Biblique, he was one of the translators who created the Jerusalem Bible...

– A. Lamouille, Le texte occidental des Actes des Apôtres. Reconstitution et réhabilitation, 2 vol., Paris 1984.
A. F. J. Klijn, A Survey of the Researches Into the Western Text of the Gospels and Acts (1949–1959), Novum Testamentum, Volume 3, Numbers 1-2, 1959, pp. 1–53.
W. A. Strange, The Problem of the Text of Acts, (SNTS MS, 71), Cambridge 1992.
D. C. ParkerDavid C. Parker
David C. Parker is the Edward Cadbury Professor of Theology and the Director of the Institute for Textual Scholarship and Electronic Editing at the Department of Theology and Religion, University of Birmingham. His interests include New Testament textual criticism and Greek and Latin...

, Codex Bezae: An Early Christian Manuscript and its Text. Cambridge: University Press, 1992.
Codex Bezae, Studies from the Lunel Colloquium, June 1994, ed. D.C. Parker & C.-B. Amphoux, Leiden: Brill, 1996.
Scrivener F. H. A., http://www.archive.org/stream/bezaecodexcanta00cambgoog#page/n8/mode/2upBezae Codex Cantabrigiensis: being an exact Copy, in ordinary Type, of the celebrated Uncial Graeco-Latin Manuscript of the Four Gospels and Acts of the Apostles, written early in the Sixth Century, and presented to the University of Cambridge by Theodore Beza A.D. 1581. Edited, with a critical Introduction, Annotations, and Facsimiles], Cambridge: Deighton, Bell, and Co, 1864.
Weiss Bernard, Der Codex D in der Apostelgeschichte, Texte und Untersuchungen (Leipzig 1897)
James D. Yoder, "The Language of the Greek Variants of the Codex Bezae," Novum Testamentum 3 (1959), pp. 241–248.
L’Évangile de Luc et les Actes des Apôtres selon le Codex Bezae Cantabrigiensis, annotated translation by Sylvie Chabert d’Hyères. Paris: L’Harmattan, 422 p., 2009.

External links

Low resolution digital facsimile of the Codex Bezae from Cambridge University Library
F.G. Kenyon, Codex Bezae (1901) JTS, pp. 293–299, at the Internet Archive
Codex Bezae at the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism
Bible Researcher website discusses the Codex Bezae
Greek and Latin Text of Luke according to codex Bezae; translation and comments in French
History of Research on Codex Bezae
Codex Bezae and the Da Vinci Code The alleged parchment 1 has been copied from Codex Bezae
Real secrets and hoaxes, of Da Vinci Code, Rennes-le-Château and Codex Bezae, analyzed on the "Mercure de Gaillon"
Codex Bezae and Codex Claromontanus
Catholic Encyclopedia 1910: Codex Bezae

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