Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase
Encyclopedia
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinases (PIKKs) are a family of Ser/Thr-protein kinase
s with sequence similarity to phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases (PI3Ks
).
:
Serine/threonine-specific protein kinase
Serine/threonine protein kinases phosphorylate the OH group of serine or threonine .At least 125 of the 500+ human protein kinases are serine/threonine kinases .-Regulation:...
s with sequence similarity to phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases (PI3Ks
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases are a family of enzymes involved in cellular functions such as cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, motility, survival and intracellular trafficking, which in turn are involved in cancer. In response to lipopolysaccharide, PI3K phosphorylates p65, inducing...
).
Members
The human PIKK family includes six members:| Gene | Protein | Function |
|---|---|---|
| ATM Ataxia telangiectasia mutated Ataxia telangiectasia mutated is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is recruited and activated by DNA double-strand breaks. It phosphorylates several key proteins that initiate activation of the DNA damage checkpoint, leading to cell cycle arrest, DNA repair or apoptosis... |
ataxia-telangiectasia mutated | response to DNA damage |
| ATR Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR also known as ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein or FRAP-related protein 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATR gene... |
ataxia- and Rad3-related | " |
| PRKDC | DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) | " |
| FRAP1 Mammalian target of rapamycin The mammalian target of rapamycin also known as mechanistic target of rapamycin or FK506 binding protein 12-rapamycin associated protein 1 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the FRAP1 gene... |
mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) | nutrient-regulated kinase that controls metabolism and cell growth |
| SMG1 SMG1 (gene) Serine/threonine-protein kinase SMG1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SMG1 gene. SMG1 belongs to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase protein family.-Interactions:SMG1 has been shown to interact with PRKCI and UPF1.... |
suppressor of morphogenesis in genitalia | regulates nonsense-mediated mRNA Messenger RNA Messenger RNA is a molecule of RNA encoding a chemical "blueprint" for a protein product. mRNA is transcribed from a DNA template, and carries coding information to the sites of protein synthesis: the ribosomes. Here, the nucleic acid polymer is translated into a polymer of amino acids: a protein... decay |
| TRRAP Transformation/transcription domain-associated protein Transformation/transcription domain-associated protein, also known asTRRAP, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRRAP gene. TRRAP belongs to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase protein family.- Function :... |
transformation/transcription domain-associated protein | transcription factor co-activator Coactivator (genetics) A coactivator is a protein that increases gene expression by binding to an activator which contains a DNA binding domain. The coactivator is unable to bind DNA by itself.... |
Structure
PIKKs proteins contain the following four domainsProtein domain
A protein domain is a part of protein sequence and structure that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. Each domain forms a compact three-dimensional structure and often can be independently stable and folded. Many proteins consist of several structural...
:
- N-terminus FRAP-ATM- TRRAP (FAT) domain,
- kinase domain (KD; PI3 PI4 kinasePhosphoinositide 3-kinasePhosphatidylinositol 3-kinases are a family of enzymes involved in cellular functions such as cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, motility, survival and intracellular trafficking, which in turn are involved in cancer. In response to lipopolysaccharide, PI3K phosphorylates p65, inducing...
), - PIKK- regulatory domain (PRD), and
- C-terminus FAT-C-terminal (FATC) domain