Przemysław of Oświęcim
Encyclopedia
Przemysław of Oświęcim (ca. 1362 – 1 January 1406) was a Duke of half of both Głogów and Ścinawa
since 1404 and Duke of Oświęcim
from 1405 until his death.
He was the eldest son of Przemysław I Noszak, Duke of Cieszyn
by his wife Elisabeth, daughter of Bolesław
, Duke of Koźle
-Bytom
. In the chronicle of Jan Długosz he is named the second son, but this is certainly a mistake, because elsewhere, he was always placed in first place before his brother Bolesław I.
(although some historians stated that this diploma refers to his father, Duke Przemysław I Noszak).
In 1405, after the death of Duke Jan III of Oświęcim
without issue, (and by virtue of the Privilege of 1372), his domains were inherited by Duke Przemysław I Noszak. Shortly after, the Duke granted this land to his eldest son and namesake, who since them assumed the title of Duke of Oświęcim.
The good government of Przemysław over Oświęcim suddenly ended on 1 January 1406. The circumstances of the young Duke's murder were known thanks to the Chronicle of Jan Długosz, who describes these events but with the incorrectly date of 1 January 1400. By that time, Przemysław was still alive, as is proved in a document from 1402 concerning to the acquisition of Oświęcim, which could take place in early 1405. The Duke of Oświęcim, while traveling from Gliwice
to Cieszyn
, was killed in the town of Rybnik
by a certain Martin Chrzan. The murder was most likely made at the request of Jan II of Iron, Duke of Racibórz
, who, after replaced Duke Przemysław I Noszak as Governor of Bohemia, became in a personal enemy of the Duke of Cieszyn. Przemysław of Oświęcim was buried in the Dominican
church in Cieszyn
.
The punishment given to the murderer Martin Chrzan was colorfully described by Jan Długosz: He (the murderer) was placed on the bronze horse who was in the middle of incandescent coals and this showed in all the Cieszyn streets; later the three executioners cut his body into pieces, and they finally were thrown into a river.
After the death of Przemysław, half of Głogów and Ścinawa returned to his father and Oświęcim was given to his minor son Casimir I, who remained under the successive regencies of his grandfather and uncle until 1414, when he was able to rule by himself.
Scinawa
Ścinawa is a town and municipality on the Oder river in the Lower Silesian region of Poland. The town features a number of historic monuments including city hall and the town church . The Ścinawa train station is a key gateway for travel throughout the region, connecting major destinations such...
since 1404 and Duke of Oświęcim
Oswiecim
Oświęcim is a town in the Lesser Poland province of southern Poland, situated west of Kraków, near the confluence of the rivers Vistula and Soła.- History :...
from 1405 until his death.
He was the eldest son of Przemysław I Noszak, Duke of Cieszyn
Cieszyn
Cieszyn is a border-town and the seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It has 36,109 inhabitants . Cieszyn lies on the Olza River, a tributary of the Oder river, opposite Český Těšín....
by his wife Elisabeth, daughter of Bolesław
Bolesław of Bytom
Bolesław of Bytom , was a Duke of Koźle from 1347 and Duke of Bytom since 1352 until his death.He was the second son of Duke Władysław of Bytom but the eldest by his second wife Ludgarda, daughter of Henry II the Lion, Prince of Mecklenburg and Lord of Stargard.-Life:After the death of his elder...
, Duke of Koźle
Kozle
Koźle is a district of Kędzierzyn-Koźle and is at the junction of the Kłodnica and Odra rivers, 29 Ifl. southeast of Opole by rail. The district has a Roman Catholic church, a medieval chateau, remains of a 19th century fortress and a high school...
-Bytom
Bytom
Bytom is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice. The central-western district of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union - metropolis with the population of 2 millions. Bytom is located in the Silesian Highlands, on the Bytomka river .The city belongs to the Silesian Voivodeship since...
. In the chronicle of Jan Długosz he is named the second son, but this is certainly a mistake, because elsewhere, he was always placed in first place before his brother Bolesław I.
Life
Przemysław initially appeared only in the documents issued by his father. His independent rule began on 23 June 1404, when, under the provisions of King Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia, the young prince received as a fief Góra Śląska and half of both Głogów and ŚcinawaScinawa
Ścinawa is a town and municipality on the Oder river in the Lower Silesian region of Poland. The town features a number of historic monuments including city hall and the town church . The Ścinawa train station is a key gateway for travel throughout the region, connecting major destinations such...
(although some historians stated that this diploma refers to his father, Duke Przemysław I Noszak).
In 1405, after the death of Duke Jan III of Oświęcim
Jan III of Oświęcim
Jan III of Oświęcim was a Duke of Oświęcim since 1376 until his death.He was the eldest child and only son of Duke Jan II of Oświęcim by his wife Hedwig, daughter of Ludwik I the Fair, Duke of Brzeg...
without issue, (and by virtue of the Privilege of 1372), his domains were inherited by Duke Przemysław I Noszak. Shortly after, the Duke granted this land to his eldest son and namesake, who since them assumed the title of Duke of Oświęcim.
The good government of Przemysław over Oświęcim suddenly ended on 1 January 1406. The circumstances of the young Duke's murder were known thanks to the Chronicle of Jan Długosz, who describes these events but with the incorrectly date of 1 January 1400. By that time, Przemysław was still alive, as is proved in a document from 1402 concerning to the acquisition of Oświęcim, which could take place in early 1405. The Duke of Oświęcim, while traveling from Gliwice
Gliwice
Gliwice is a city in Upper Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice. Gliwice is the west district of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union – a metropolis with a population of 2 million...
to Cieszyn
Cieszyn
Cieszyn is a border-town and the seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It has 36,109 inhabitants . Cieszyn lies on the Olza River, a tributary of the Oder river, opposite Český Těšín....
, was killed in the town of Rybnik
Rybnik
Rybnik is a city in southern Poland, in the Silesian Voivodeship. Rybnik is located close to the border with the Czech Republic and just outside the southern border of the largest urban area in Poland, the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union...
by a certain Martin Chrzan. The murder was most likely made at the request of Jan II of Iron, Duke of Racibórz
Racibórz
Racibórz is a town in southern Poland with 60,218 inhabitants situated in the Silesian Voivodeship , previously in Katowice Voivodeship...
, who, after replaced Duke Przemysław I Noszak as Governor of Bohemia, became in a personal enemy of the Duke of Cieszyn. Przemysław of Oświęcim was buried in the Dominican
Dominican Order
The Order of Preachers , after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is a Catholic religious order founded by Saint Dominic and approved by Pope Honorius III on 22 December 1216 in France...
church in Cieszyn
Cieszyn
Cieszyn is a border-town and the seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It has 36,109 inhabitants . Cieszyn lies on the Olza River, a tributary of the Oder river, opposite Český Těšín....
.
The punishment given to the murderer Martin Chrzan was colorfully described by Jan Długosz: He (the murderer) was placed on the bronze horse who was in the middle of incandescent coals and this showed in all the Cieszyn streets; later the three executioners cut his body into pieces, and they finally were thrown into a river.
Marriage and issue
The name and origins of Przemysław's wife are unknown. They had one son:- Casimir ICasimir I of OświęcimCasimir I of Oświęcim was a Duke of Oświęcim since 1406 , ruler over Toszek and Strzelin .He was the only child of Duke Przemysław of Oświęcim by his unknown wife.-Life:...
(b. 1396 - d. 7 April 1434).
After the death of Przemysław, half of Głogów and Ścinawa returned to his father and Oświęcim was given to his minor son Casimir I, who remained under the successive regencies of his grandfather and uncle until 1414, when he was able to rule by himself.