Pyrazolopyrimidine
Encyclopedia
Pyrazolopyrimidine is a heterocyclic chemical compound
with the molecular formula C6H5N3. It forms the central core of a variety of more complex chemical compounds including some pharmaceuticals and pesticides.
and anxiolytic
drugs
related (in terms of their effect) to benzodiazepine
s.
Most of the drugs from this class marketed to date are intended to induce sleep
, and are prescribed for people suffering insomnia
, however some newer compounds produce anxiolytic
effects with relatively little sedation, and are being developed for use as non-sedating anti-anxiety drugs.
They include:
As they are not chemically related to the benzodiazepines despite their similar effect, such drugs—as well as the imidazopyridine
s and cyclopyrrones—are sometimes grouped together and referred to as "nonbenzodiazepine
s".
s including chlorprazophos (insecticide) and pyrazophos (fungicide, insecticide).
Chemical compound
A chemical compound is a pure chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical elements that can be separated into simpler substances by chemical reactions. Chemical compounds have a unique and defined chemical structure; they consist of a fixed ratio of atoms that are held together...
with the molecular formula C6H5N3. It forms the central core of a variety of more complex chemical compounds including some pharmaceuticals and pesticides.
Pharmaceuticals
The pyrazolopyrimidines are a class of sedativeSedative
A sedative or tranquilizer is a substance that induces sedation by reducing irritability or excitement....
and anxiolytic
Anxiolytic
An anxiolytic is a drug used for the treatment of anxiety, and its related psychological and physical symptoms...
drugs
Medication
A pharmaceutical drug, also referred to as medicine, medication or medicament, can be loosely defined as any chemical substance intended for use in the medical diagnosis, cure, treatment, or prevention of disease.- Classification :...
related (in terms of their effect) to benzodiazepine
Benzodiazepine
A benzodiazepine is a psychoactive drug whose core chemical structure is the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring...
s.
Most of the drugs from this class marketed to date are intended to induce sleep
Sleep
Sleep is a naturally recurring state characterized by reduced or absent consciousness, relatively suspended sensory activity, and inactivity of nearly all voluntary muscles. It is distinguished from quiet wakefulness by a decreased ability to react to stimuli, and is more easily reversible than...
, and are prescribed for people suffering insomnia
Insomnia
Insomnia is most often defined by an individual's report of sleeping difficulties. While the term is sometimes used in sleep literature to describe a disorder demonstrated by polysomnographic evidence of disturbed sleep, insomnia is often defined as a positive response to either of two questions:...
, however some newer compounds produce anxiolytic
Anxiolytic
An anxiolytic is a drug used for the treatment of anxiety, and its related psychological and physical symptoms...
effects with relatively little sedation, and are being developed for use as non-sedating anti-anxiety drugs.
They include:
- ZaleplonZaleplonZaleplon is a sedative/hypnotic, mainly used for insomnia. It is a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic from the pyrazolopyrimidine class. In terms of adverse effects zaleplon appears to offer little improvement compared to both benzodiazepines and other non-benzodiazepine Z-drugs.Sonata is manufactured by...
- hypnotic (trade name Sonata) - IndiplonIndiplonIndiplon is a nonbenzodiazepine, hypnotic sedative being developed in 2 formulations - an immediate release product for sleep onset and a modified-release version for sleep maintenance.- Mode of action :...
- hypnotic - OcinaplonOcinaplonOcinaplon is an anxiolytic drug in the pyrazolopyrimidine family of drugs. Other pyrazolopyrimidine drugs include zaleplon and indiplon.Ocinaplon has a similar pharmacological profile to the benzodiazepine family of drugs, but with mainly anxiolytic properties and relatively little sedative or...
- anxiolytic - DivaplonDivaplonDivaplon is a nonbenzodiazepine, anxiolytic and anticonvulsant drug from the pyrazolopyrimidine family of drugs. It acts as a partial agonist at the "benzodiazepine site" of the GABAA receptor in the brain....
- anxiolytic - LorediplonLorediplonLorediplon is a nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic drug of the pyrazolopyrimidine family of drugs....
- anxiolytic - FasiplonFasiplonFasiplon is a nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic drug from the imidazopyrimidine family of drugs.Fasiplon binds strongly to benzodiazepine sites on the GABAA receptor and has similar anxiolytic effects in animals, but with less sedative or muscle relaxant action....
- anxiolytic
As they are not chemically related to the benzodiazepines despite their similar effect, such drugs—as well as the imidazopyridine
Imidazopyridine
The imidazopyridines are a class of drugs defined by their chemical structure. They are generally GABAA receptor agonists, however recently proton pump inhibitors in this class have been developed as well. Despite usually being similar to them in effect, they are not chemically related to...
s and cyclopyrrones—are sometimes grouped together and referred to as "nonbenzodiazepine
Nonbenzodiazepine
The nonbenzodiazepines, also called benzodiazepine-like drugs, are a class of psychoactive drugs pharmacologically resembling the benzodiazepines, with similar benefits, side effects and risks, despite having dissimilar or entirely different chemical structures.-Classes:There are currently three...
s".
Pesticides
A related use is in pyrazolopyrimidine organothiophosphate pesticidePesticide
Pesticides are substances or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling or mitigating any pest.A pesticide may be a chemical unicycle, biological agent , antimicrobial, disinfectant or device used against any pest...
s including chlorprazophos (insecticide) and pyrazophos (fungicide, insecticide).