Retinoblastoma-like 1, also known as RBL1, is a protein

Protein

Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...

 that in humans is encoded by the RBL1 gene

Gene

A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...

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Function

The protein encoded by this gene is similar in sequence and possibly function to the product of the retinoblastoma

Retinoblastoma

Retinoblastoma is a rapidly developing cancer that develops in the cells of retina, the light-detecting tissue of the eye. In the developed world, Rb has one of the best cure rates of all childhood cancers , with more than nine out of every ten sufferers surviving into...

 1 (RB1) gene. The RB1 gene product is a tumor suppressor protein

Tumor suppressor gene

A tumor suppressor gene, or anti-oncogene, is a gene that protects a cell from one step on the path to cancer. When this gene is mutated to cause a loss or reduction in its function, the cell can progress to cancer, usually in combination with other genetic changes.-Two-hit hypothesis:Unlike...

 that appears to be involved in cell cycle

Cell cycle

The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that takes place in a cell leading to its division and duplication . In cells without a nucleus , the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission...

 regulation, as it is phosphorylated in the S to M phase transition and is dephosphorylated in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Both the RB1 protein and the product of this gene can form a complex with adenovirus E1A protein

EP300

E1A binding protein p300 also known as EP300 or p300 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the EP300 gene. This protein regulates the activity of many genes in tissues throughout the body...

 and SV40 Large T-antigen

SV40 Large T-antigen

SV40 large T antigen is a hexamer protein that is a proto-oncogene derived from the polyomavirus SV40 which is capable of transforming a variety of cell types. The transforming activity of TAg is due in large part to its perturbation of the retinoblastoma and p53 tumor suppressor proteins...

, with the SV40

SV40

SV40 is an abbreviation for Simian vacuolating virus 40 or Simian virus 40, a polyomavirus that is found in both monkeys and humans...

 large T-antigen binding only to the unphosphorylated form of each protein. In addition, both proteins can inhibit the transcription of cell cycle genes containing E2F

E2F

E2F is a group of genes that codifies a family of transcription factors in higher eukaryotes. Three of them are activators: E2F1, 2 and E2F3a. Six others act as suppressors: E2F3b, E2F4-8. All of them are involved in the cell cycle regulation and synthesis of DNA in mammalian cells...

 binding sites in their promoters. Due to the sequence and biochemical similarities with the RB1 protein, it is thought that the protein encoded by this gene may also be a tumor suppressor. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Interactions

Retinoblastoma-like protein 1 has been shown to interact

Protein-protein interaction

Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...

 with HDAC1

HDAC1

Histone deacetylase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC1 gene.-Interactions:HDAC1 has been shown to interact with RAD9A, DNMT3L, MTA1, FKBP3, CDC20, CDH1, Host cell factor C1, BUB3, Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2, IKZF1, Prohibitin, EVI1, DDX5, DNMT3A, Mothers against...

, RBBP8

RBBP8

Retinoblastoma-binding protein 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBBP8 gene.-Interactions:RBBP8 has been shown to interact with LMO4, Retinoblastoma-like protein 2, Retinoblastoma-like protein 1, Ataxia telangiectasia mutated, Retinoblastoma protein, CTBP1, SIAH1 and BRCA1.-Further...

, E2F1

E2F1

Transcription factor E2F1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the E2F1 gene.-Interactions:E2F1 has been shown to interact with NCOA6, Retinoblastoma-like protein 1, Retinoblastoma protein, GTF2H1, SKP2, PURA, NPDC1, Sp2 transcription factor, Sp1 transcription factor, CUL1, ARID3A, TOPBP1,...

, Cyclin-dependent kinase 2

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 also known as cell division protein kinase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CDK2 gene.-Function:...

, BEGAIN

BEGAIN

Brain-enriched guanylate kinase-associated protein is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BEGAIN gene.-Interactions:BEGAIN has been shown to interact with Retinoblastoma-like protein 1.-Further reading:...

, BRF1

BRF1 (gene)

Transcription factor IIIB 90 kDa subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BRF1 gene.-Interactions:BRF1 has been shown to interact with Retinoblastoma-like protein 2, Retinoblastoma-like protein 1, TATA binding protein and Retinoblastoma protein.-External links:...

, BRCA1

BRCA1

BRCA1 is a human caretaker gene that produces a protein called breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein, responsible for repairing DNA. The first evidence for the existence of the gene was provided by the King laboratory at UC Berkeley in 1990...

, Cyclin A2

Cyclin A2

Cyclin-A2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNA2 gene.-Interactions:Cyclin A2 has been shown to interact with ITGB3BP, Retinoblastoma-like protein 1, E2F1, CDC6, SKP2 and Flap structure-specific endonuclease 1.-References:...

, Prohibitin

Prohibitin

Prohibitin, also known as PHB, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PHB gene.The Phb gene has also been described in animals, fungi, plants, and unicellular eukaryotes. Prohibitins are divided in two classes, termed Type-I and Type-II prohibitins, based on their similarity to yeast PHB1...

, MYBL2

MYBL2

Myb-related protein B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYBL2 gene.-Interactions:MYBL2 has been shown to interact with Retinoblastoma-like protein 1, Cyclin A1, EP300, CREB-binding protein, CDK9, Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C and PARP1.-Further reading:...

 and Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3

Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3

Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 also known as SMAD family member 3 or SMAD3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMAD3 gene. SMAD3 is a member of the SMAD family of proteins.The human SMAD3 gene is located on chromosome 15...

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External links