TRAF4
Encyclopedia
TNF receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) also known as RING finger protein 83 (RNF83) is a protein
that in humans is encoded by the TRAF4 gene
.
TRAF4 is a member of the TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF) family, a family of scaffold protein
s. TRAF proteins connect IL-1R
/Toll and TNF receptors
with signaling factors that lead to the activation of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase
s. However, TRAF4 is not known to interact with TNF receptors and its cellular functions are not well understood.
, p75 (NTR/NTSR1), and negatively regulate NTR induced cell death and NF-kappa B activation. This protein has been found to bind to p47phox, a cytosolic regulatory factor included in a multi-protein complex known as NAD(P)H oxidase
. This protein thus, is thought to be involved in the oxidative activation of MAPK8
/JNK. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed but the full-length nature of only one has been determined.
A recent report indicates that TRAF4 binds to NOD-Like Receptors NOD1 and NOD2, and specifically inhibits activation of NF-κB by the activated NOD2-RIP2 complex
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
that in humans is encoded by the TRAF4 gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
.
TRAF4 is a member of the TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF) family, a family of scaffold protein
Scaffold protein
In biology, scaffold proteins are crucial regulators of many key signaling pathways. Although scaffolds are not strictly defined in function, they are known to interact and/or bind with multiple members of a signaling pathway, tethering them into complexes...
s. TRAF proteins connect IL-1R
Interleukin-1 receptor
Interleukin-1 receptor is a cytokine receptor which binds interleukin 1. Two forms of the receptor exist. The type I receptor is primarily responsible for transmitting the inflammatory effects of interleukin-1 while type II receptors may act as a suppressor of IL-1 activity by competing for...
/Toll and TNF receptors
Tumor necrosis factor receptor
A tumor necrosis factor receptor , or death receptor, is a trimeric cytokine receptor that binds tumor necrosis factors . The receptor cooperates with an adaptor protein , which is important in determining the outcome of the response A tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR), or death receptor, is a...
with signaling factors that lead to the activation of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase
Mitogen-activated protein kinase
Mitogen-activated protein kinases are serine/threonine-specific protein kinases that respond to extracellular stimuli and regulate various cellular activities, such as gene expression, mitosis, differentiation, proliferation, and cell survival/apoptosis.-Activation:MAP kinases are activated...
s. However, TRAF4 is not known to interact with TNF receptors and its cellular functions are not well understood.
Protein interactions
TRAF4 has been shown to interact with neurotrophin receptorNerve growth factor receptor
Nerve growth factor receptors are a group of growth factor receptors which specifically bind to neurotrophins.There are two classes of receptors, p75 and the "Trk" family of Tyrosine kinases receptors....
, p75 (NTR/NTSR1), and negatively regulate NTR induced cell death and NF-kappa B activation. This protein has been found to bind to p47phox, a cytosolic regulatory factor included in a multi-protein complex known as NAD(P)H oxidase
NAD(P)H oxidase
In enzymology, a NADH oxidase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionThe 4 substrates of this enzyme are NADH, NADPH, H+, and O2, whereas its 3 products are NAD+, NADP+, and H2O2....
. This protein thus, is thought to be involved in the oxidative activation of MAPK8
MAPK8
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPK8 gene.-Interactions:MAPK8 has been shown to interact with SPIB, DUSP1, Activating transcription factor 2, SH3BP5, GSTP1, MAPK8IP1, MAP2K7, CRK, MAP2K4, DUSP22, Myc, MAP3K2, DUSP10, REL, MAPK8IP3, IRS1, MAP3K1 and...
/JNK. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed but the full-length nature of only one has been determined.
A recent report indicates that TRAF4 binds to NOD-Like Receptors NOD1 and NOD2, and specifically inhibits activation of NF-κB by the activated NOD2-RIP2 complex