Timeline of Ulster Defence Association actions
Encyclopedia
This is a timeline of actions by the Ulster Defence Association
(UDA), a loyalist
paramilitary
group formed in 1971. Most of these actions took place during the conflict known as "the Troubles
" in Northern Ireland
.
The UDA's declared goal was to defend loyalist/unionist areas from attack and to combat Irish republican
paramilitaries. However, most of its victims were Irish Catholic
civilian
s, who were often chosen at random. It used the name "Ulster Freedom Fighters" (UFF) when it wished to claim responsibility for its attacks. The UFF usually claimed that those targeted were IRA
members or IRA sympathizers. Other times, attacks on Catholic civilians were claimed as "retaliation" for IRA actions, since the IRA drew most of its support from the Catholic community. Such retaliation was seen as both collective punishment
and an attempt to weaken the IRA's support.
Attacks resulting in at least three deaths are marked in bold.
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Ulster Defence Association
The Ulster Defence Association is the largest although not the deadliest loyalist paramilitary and vigilante group in Northern Ireland. It was formed in September 1971 and undertook a campaign of almost twenty-four years during "The Troubles"...
(UDA), a loyalist
Ulster loyalism
Ulster loyalism is an ideology that is opposed to a united Ireland. It can mean either support for upholding Northern Ireland's status as a constituent part of the United Kingdom , support for Northern Ireland independence, or support for loyalist paramilitaries...
paramilitary
Paramilitary
A paramilitary is a force whose function and organization are similar to those of a professional military, but which is not considered part of a state's formal armed forces....
group formed in 1971. Most of these actions took place during the conflict known as "the Troubles
The Troubles
The Troubles was a period of ethno-political conflict in Northern Ireland which spilled over at various times into England, the Republic of Ireland, and mainland Europe. The duration of the Troubles is conventionally dated from the late 1960s and considered by many to have ended with the Belfast...
" in Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland is one of the four countries of the United Kingdom. Situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, it shares a border with the Republic of Ireland to the south and west...
.
The UDA's declared goal was to defend loyalist/unionist areas from attack and to combat Irish republican
Irish Republicanism
Irish republicanism is an ideology based on the belief that all of Ireland should be an independent republic.In 1801, under the Act of Union, the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland merged to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland...
paramilitaries. However, most of its victims were Irish Catholic
Irish Catholic
Irish Catholic is a term used to describe people who are both Roman Catholic and Irish .Note: the term is not used to describe a variant of Catholicism. More particularly, it is not a separate creed or sect in the sense that "Anglo-Catholic", "Old Catholic", "Eastern Orthodox Catholic" might be...
civilian
Civilian
A civilian under international humanitarian law is a person who is not a member of his or her country's armed forces or other militia. Civilians are distinct from combatants. They are afforded a degree of legal protection from the effects of war and military occupation...
s, who were often chosen at random. It used the name "Ulster Freedom Fighters" (UFF) when it wished to claim responsibility for its attacks. The UFF usually claimed that those targeted were IRA
Provisional Irish Republican Army
The Provisional Irish Republican Army is an Irish republican paramilitary organisation whose aim was to remove Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom and bring about a socialist republic within a united Ireland by force of arms and political persuasion...
members or IRA sympathizers. Other times, attacks on Catholic civilians were claimed as "retaliation" for IRA actions, since the IRA drew most of its support from the Catholic community. Such retaliation was seen as both collective punishment
Collective punishment
Collective punishment is the punishment of a group of people as a result of the behavior of one or more other individuals or groups. The punished group may often have no direct association with the other individuals or groups, or direct control over their actions...
and an attempt to weaken the IRA's support.
Attacks resulting in at least three deaths are marked in bold.
1971
- September: The Ulster Defence AssociationUlster Defence AssociationThe Ulster Defence Association is the largest although not the deadliest loyalist paramilitary and vigilante group in Northern Ireland. It was formed in September 1971 and undertook a campaign of almost twenty-four years during "The Troubles"...
(UDA) was formed from various loyalist "defence groups" in BelfastBelfastBelfast is the capital of and largest city in Northern Ireland. By population, it is the 14th biggest city in the United Kingdom and second biggest on the island of Ireland . It is the seat of the devolved government and legislative Northern Ireland Assembly...
.
1972
- 20 April: UDA members walked into a taxi depot on Clifton Street in BelfastBelfastBelfast is the capital of and largest city in Northern Ireland. By population, it is the 14th biggest city in the United Kingdom and second biggest on the island of Ireland . It is the seat of the devolved government and legislative Northern Ireland Assembly...
and asked for a taxi to ArdoyneArdoyneArdoyne is an Irish nationalist, working class and mainly Catholic district in north Belfast, Northern Ireland. It gained notoriety due to the large number of incidents during "The Troubles". It is home to approximately 20,000 inhabitants...
. From the location of the depot and the stated destination, they could be sure their driver was a CatholicIrish CatholicIrish Catholic is a term used to describe people who are both Roman Catholic and Irish .Note: the term is not used to describe a variant of Catholicism. More particularly, it is not a separate creed or sect in the sense that "Anglo-Catholic", "Old Catholic", "Eastern Orthodox Catholic" might be...
. They forced him to stop in Harrybrook Street and shot him in the head. - 4 May: A Catholic civilian was found stabbed-to-death in an entry between Baltic Avenue and Atlantic Avenue, Belfast. It is believed the UDA was responsible.
- 14 May: A Catholic civilian was found beaten and shot dead on waste ground at Hopeton Street, Belfast. It is believed the UDA was responsible.
- 17 May: The UDA kidnapped a Catholic civilian from a pub on Shankill Road in Belfast. They took him to Knockagh War MemorialKnockagh MonumentThe Knockagh Monument is a war memorial in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is located on top of Knockagh Hill, above the village of Greenisland with a panoramic view of the city of Belfast.-Features:...
near GreenislandGreenislandGreenisland is a village in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It lies 7 miles north-east of Belfast and 3 miles south-west of Carrickfergus. The village is on the coast of Belfast Lough and is named after a tiny islet to the west, the Green Island....
, where they shot him to death. - 23 May: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Sicily Park, Belfast.
- 10 June: The UDA carried out a drive-by shootingDrive-by shootingA drive-by shooting is a form of hit-and-run tactic, a personal attack carried out by an individual or individuals from a moving or momentarily stopped vehicle without use of headlights to avoid being noticed. It often results in bystanders being shot instead of, or as well as, the intended target...
on a group of Catholic teenagers in Belfast. A Catholic civilian was killed and a number of others wounded as they stood on the corner of Roden Street and Grosvenor Road. The British ArmyBritish ArmyThe British Army is the land warfare branch of Her Majesty's Armed Forces in the United Kingdom. It came into being with the unification of the Kingdom of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The new British Army incorporated Regiments that had already existed in England...
said they were on patrol when they exchanged shots with a gunman in the car, who was wielding a Thompson submachine-gun. - 16 June: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at Shaw's Bridge, Belfast.
- 24 June: The UDA shot dead one of its own members on Blackmountain Parade, Belfast. Internal dispute.
- 30 June: The UDA began to set up "no-go areas" (urban areas which were entirely controlled by the group and blocked-off by barricades). It emerged that UDA members had stopped and questioned people at such barricades. A number of them were killed, usually when they were found to be Catholic.
- 1 July: An English civilian was found hooded and shot dead on waste ground at Westway Drive, Belfast. Upon return from London, a driver gave him a lift part of the way back into the city from Aldergrove airport. Nothing more was heard of him. It is thought the UDA was responsible.
- 1 July: A Catholic civilian was found shot dead in a playground at the mainly loyalist Penrith Street, Belfast. A witness who lived nearby said he saw two men take a third out of a car and into the playground. The car driver said to the witness: "You are all right, it's the UDA". He then heard five shots.
- 2 July: Two Catholic civilians were found hooded and shot dead in Belfast. Their bodies were found in different locations but it was believed they were killed together. It is believed the UDA was responsible.
- 3 July: The UDA came into conflict with the British Army over a no-go area at Ainsworth Avenue, Belfast.
- 9 July: The Provisional Irish Republican ArmyProvisional Irish Republican ArmyThe Provisional Irish Republican Army is an Irish republican paramilitary organisation whose aim was to remove Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom and bring about a socialist republic within a united Ireland by force of arms and political persuasion...
(PIRA) shot dead a UDA member on Stewart Street, Belfast. - 11 July: A Catholic civilian was found hooded and shot dead at the corner of Fleetwood Street and Adela Street in Belfast. He had been drinking in the Imperial Hotel on the Cliftonville Road. It is believed the UDA was responsible.
- 12 July: In the presence of the British Army, about fifty UDA members escorted an Orange Order parade along the nationalist Obins Street in PortadownPortadownPortadown is a town in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. The town sits on the River Bann in the north of the county, about 23 miles south-west of Belfast...
. - 12 July: A UDA member shot dead two civilians inside McCabe's Bar on High Street, Portadown. One was the Catholic pub-owner and the other a Protestant customer. Both men were shot in the head from close range. The gunman was a former RUC officer. When sentenced to life imprisonment for the murders, there were shouts of "keep up the fight!" from about a dozen people in the court's public gallery.
- 15 July: A Catholic civilian was kidnapped, beaten and shot dead by the UDA in a mainly-loyalist area of Portadown. His body was found on 4 August 1972 in a drain near Watson Street.
- 21 July: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Clovelly Street, Belfast.
- 22 July: The UDA shot dead two Catholic civilians in a car on Forthriver Road, Belfast.
- 24 July: The UDA shot dead a ProtestantProtestantismProtestantism is one of the three major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation, justification, and ecclesiology.The doctrines of the...
civilian on Mayo Street, Belfast, believing he was a Catholic. - 25 July: The Official Irish Republican Army (OIRA) shot dead a UDA member on Roden Street, Belfast.
- 26 July: The UDA shot dead two Catholic civilians in a car before burning it on Summer Street, Belfast.
- 27 July: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian off Linfield Road, Belfast.
- 28 July: A Catholic civilian was found shot dead in his van on Carrowreagh Road, Belfast. He was a founder member of the credit union in the district and a member of the Catholic Ex-Servicemen's Association. It is believed the UDA was responsible.
- 29 July: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian outside his home on Blackwood Street, Belfast.
- 13 August: The UDA stabbed-to-death a Catholic civilian in a shop doorway on Oldpark Road, Belfast. He was a night-watchman. The man had 110 stabwounds on all parts of his body.
- 18 August: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian on Island Street, Belfast.
- 27 August: The UDA shot dead a Protestant civilian on Carlisle Street, Belfast.
- 31 August: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian on Rugby Road, Belfast.
- 6 September: UDA members threw a bomb into the home of Republican Labour PartyRepublican Labour PartyThe Republican Labour Party was a political party in Northern Ireland. It was founded in 1964, with two MPs at Stormont, Harry Diamond and Gerry Fitt...
councillor James O'Kane on Cedar Avenue, Belfast. One Catholic civilian was killed and five (including three children) were wounded. - 13 September: The UDA opened fire inside the Catholic-owned Divis Castle Bar on Springfield Road, Belfast. One Catholic civilian, the owner's son, was killed.
- 13 September: The Royal Ulster ConstabularyRoyal Ulster ConstabularyThe Royal Ulster Constabulary was the name of the police force in Northern Ireland from 1922 to 2000. Following the awarding of the George Cross in 2000, it was subsequently known as the Royal Ulster Constabulary GC. It was founded on 1 June 1922 out of the Royal Irish Constabulary...
(RUC) shot dead a UDA member during an armed robbery at Hillfoot Bar, Belfast. - 26 September: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian on Park Avenue, Belfast.
- 27 September: A Catholic civilian was found shot dead by Flush River at Elswick Street, Belfast. It is believed the UDA was responsible.
- 30 September: A Catholic civilian was found shot dead on waste ground at Glencairn Road, Belfast. It is believed the UDA was responsible.
- 4 October: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian off Mersey Street, Belfast.
- 5 October: The UDA detonated a bomb at Capitol Bar in Belfast, killing a Protestant civilian.
- 14 October: A Catholic man was found shot dead in an alley off Clandeboye Street, Belfast. It is believed the UDA was responsible. He is listed as a civilian by Sutton but as a UDR soldier by Lost Lives.
- 14 October: Two Catholic civilians were killed in a gun attack on a Catholic-owned shop on Tate's Avenue, Belfast. It is believed the UDA was responsible.
- 16 October: Two UDA members were killed when run over by British Army vehicles during riotRiotA riot is a form of civil disorder characterized often by what is thought of as disorganized groups lashing out in a sudden and intense rash of violence against authority, property or people. While individuals may attempt to lead or control a riot, riots are thought to be typically chaotic and...
s in east Belfast. - 17 October: In response to the killings of the day before, the UDA opened fire on the British Army in some parts of Belfast.
- 17 October: The British Army shot dead a UDA member (who was also an off-duty British Army Ulster Defence RegimentUlster Defence RegimentThe Ulster Defence Regiment was an infantry regiment of the British Army which became operational in 1970, formed on similar lines to other British reserve forces but with the operational role of defence of life or property in Northern Ireland against armed attack or sabotage...
soldier) during violence on Wilton Street, Belfast. - 17 October: The UDA shot dead an RUC officer on Shore Road, Belfast. A UDA member was later convicted for the killing.
- 31 October: The UDA detonated a car bombCar bombA car bomb, or truck bomb also known as a Vehicle Borne Improvised Explosive Device , is an improvised explosive device placed in a car or other vehicle and then detonated. It is commonly used as a weapon of assassination, terrorism, or guerrilla warfare, to kill the occupants of the vehicle,...
outside Benny's Bar in Sailortown, BelfastSailortown, BelfastSailortown was a working-class dockland community located in the Docks area of Belfast, Northern Ireland. Established in the mid-19th century on partly reclaimed land, it had a mixed Protestant and Catholic population...
, killing two Catholic civilians. - 12 November: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian as he got out of a car on Arthur Street, Newtownabbey. A close relative told the inquest that he had likely been the intended target. The relative had been in Long Kesh prison and lived on Longlands Road, Newtownabbey. The relative added: "I appeared in court three times and each time my address was published in newspapers as Longlands Park, where he lived".
- 15 November: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Sintonville Avenue, Belfast.
- 20 November: A taxi driver died three weeks after being shot by his UDA passenger on Forthriver Road, Belfast. The gunman believed him to be a Catholic.
- 21 November: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian in Finvoy, County Antrim.
- 22 November: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian outside his home near CastledawsonCastledawsonCastledawson is a village in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It is mostly within the townland of Shanemullagh , about four miles from the north-western shore of Lough Neagh, and close to the market town of Magherafelt...
, County LondonderryCounty LondonderryThe place name Derry is an anglicisation of the old Irish Daire meaning oak-grove or oak-wood. As with the city, its name is subject to the Derry/Londonderry name dispute, with the form Derry preferred by nationalists and Londonderry preferred by unionists...
. - 30 November: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian outside Mater Hospital on Crumlin RoadCrumlin RoadThe Crumlin Road is a main road in north-west Belfast, Northern Ireland. The road runs from north of Belfast City Centre for about four miles to the outskirts of the city. It also forms part of the longer A52 road.-Lower Crumlin Road:...
, Belfast. Two UDA men got into a taxi with him on Clifton Street. When they reached the hospital one said he was ill and the taxi stopped. They got out, walked to the front of the car and opened fire. The driver was wounded in the attack. - 2 December: The UDA shot dead a Protestant civilian at her home on Flora Street, Belfast. Gunmen opened fire through her kitchen window, and it is thought her Catholic husband was the intended target.
- 7 December: The UDA shot dead one of its own members in the Village area of Belfast. Internal dispute.
- 20 December: The UDA killed a Catholic civilian in a drive-by shooting on Newtownards Road, Belfast. He was waiting for a lift to the Royal Naval Aircraft Yard, where he worked.
- 20 December: Five Catholic civilians were killed in a gun attack on the Top of the Hill Bar at Strabane Old Road, DerryDerryDerry or Londonderry is the second-biggest city in Northern Ireland and the fourth-biggest city on the island of Ireland. The name Derry is an anglicisation of the Irish name Doire or Doire Cholmcille meaning "oak-wood of Colmcille"...
. It is believed the UDA was responsible.
References for this year: and
1973
- 1 January: The UDA shot dead two Catholic civilians and dumped their bodies in a ditch near Burnfoot, County DonegalCounty DonegalCounty Donegal is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Border Region and is also located in the province of Ulster. It is named after the town of Donegal. Donegal County Council is the local authority for the county...
, Republic of IrelandRepublic of IrelandIreland , described as the Republic of Ireland , is a sovereign state in Europe occupying approximately five-sixths of the island of the same name. Its capital is Dublin. Ireland, which had a population of 4.58 million in 2011, is a constitutional republic governed as a parliamentary democracy,...
. - 29 January: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at his workplace, a petrol station on Kennedy Way, Belfast.
- 29 January: The UDA killed a 15-year-old Catholic civilian in a drive-by shooting at Falls Road/Donegall Road junction, Belfast.
- 29 January: The PIRA shot dead UDA member Francis 'Hatchet' Smith in west Belfast. He was rumoured to have led the group that shot dead the Catholic teenager earlier that day.
- 31 January: A 14-year-old Catholic civilian was found shot dead at Giant's Ring, Belfast. It is believed he was kidnapped by the UDA.
- 31 January: A 17-year-old Catholic civilian was found shot dead beside the M1 motorway near Donegall Road, Belfast. It is believed the UDA was responsible.
- 1 February: UDA members threw a grenadeGrenadeA grenade is a small explosive device that is projected a safe distance away by its user. Soldiers called grenadiers specialize in the use of grenades. The term hand grenade refers any grenade designed to be hand thrown. Grenade Launchers are firearms designed to fire explosive projectile grenades...
into a bus on Kingsway Park, Belfast. It killed the bus driver, who was a Catholic civilian. This was the first attack in which the name "Ulster Freedom Fighters" (UFF) was used to claim responsibility. - 2 February: A Catholic civilian was found hooded and shot dead in a car on Maurice Street, Belfast. It is believed the UDA was responsible.
- 2 February: The PIRA shot dead a UDA member on Oldpark Road, Belfast.
- 4 February: A Protestant civilian was found stabbed-to-death beside Connswater River off Severn Street, Belfast. He had been tortured and burned. It is believed the UDA was responsible.
- 7 February: The UDA (as part of the United Loyalist Council) held a one-day strike to "re-establish some sort of ProtestantProtestantismProtestantism is one of the three major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation, justification, and ecclesiology.The doctrines of the...
or loyalist control over the affairs of the province". Loyalist paramilitaries forcibly tried to stop many people going to work and to close any businesses that had opened. There were eight bombings and thirty-five arsonArsonArson is the crime of intentionally or maliciously setting fire to structures or wildland areas. It may be distinguished from other causes such as spontaneous combustion and natural wildfires...
s. In Belfast the UDA shot dead a fireman fighting a blaze, whilst two UDA members were shot dead (one by the PIRA and one by the British Army). - 5 March: A UDA member died when the bomb he was handling prematurely exploded on Woodstock Road, Belfast.
- 8 March: A Catholic civilian was found shot dead in a car on Summer Street, Belfast. it is believed the UDA was responsible.
- 10 March: Suspected loyalist gunmen shot dead a UDA member on Silverstream Road, Belfast.
- 17 March: A UDA member died when his car bomb exploded prematurely as he parked it outside Kirk's Bar in Cloughfinn, County Donegal, Republic of Ireland.
- 20 March: The UDA killed a Catholic civilian and wounded another in a drive-by shooting on Grosvenor Road, Belfast. Locals claimed a British Army Saracen APCAlvis SaracenThe FV603 Saracen is a six-wheeled armoured personnel carrier built by Alvis and used by the British army. It became a recognisable vehicle as a result of its part in the policing of Northern Ireland.-History:...
smashed through a nationalist barricade minutes before the shooting, allowing the gunmen's car to drive through. They accused the British Army of "facilitating Protestant extremist murder gangs". The victims had apparently gathered after hearing it. - 23 March: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian and wounded another in a drive-by shooting on a house at Durham Street, Belfast.
- 2 May: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian in a disused quarry off Ballyduff Road, NewtownabbeyNewtownabbeyNewtownabbey is a large town north of Belfast in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Sometimes considered to be a suburb of Belfast, it is separated from the rest of the city by Cavehill and Fortwilliam golf course...
. - 19 May: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian as he walked along Adela Street, Belfast.
- 25 May: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at Giant's Ring, Belfast.
- 10 June: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian in the Deerpark Road area of Belfast.
- 15 June: The UDA shot dead one of its own members at Ravenswood Park, Belfast. Internal dispute.
- 16 June: A Catholic civilian was found shot dead on Dunmurry Lane, Belfast. The UFF claimed responsibility.
- 17 June: A Catholic civilian was found shot dead at Corr's Corner, Newtownabbey. The UFF claimed responsibility.
- 25 June: A Protestant civilian was found shot dead at his home on Nore Street, Belfast. The UFF claimed responsibility and said he was an informer.
- 26 June: SDLPSocial Democratic and Labour PartyThe Social Democratic and Labour Party is a social-democratic, Irish nationalist political party in Northern Ireland. Its basic party platform advocates Irish reunification, and the further devolution of powers while Northern Ireland remains part of the United Kingdom...
politician Paddy WilsonPaddy WilsonPatrick Gerard Wilson, known as Paddy Wilson was a politician in Northern Ireland who was killed by the "Ulster Freedom Fighters", a covername used by the Ulster Defence Association ....
and his secretary Irene Andrews were found stabbed-to-death in a quarry on Hightown Road near Belfast. The UFF claimed responsibility. One of the UFF's leaders, John WhiteJohn White (loyalist)John White is a former leading loyalist in Northern Ireland. He was sometimes known by the nickname 'Coco'. White was a leading figure in the loyalist paramilitary Ulster Defence Association and, following a prison sentence for murder, entered politics as a central figure in the Ulster Democratic...
, confessed to the murders in 1978. - 29 June: The UDA shot dead a Protestant civilian at his home on Eglantine Avenue, Belfast. He was a cross-community social worker.
- 5 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his workplace on Pembroke Street, Belfast.
- 14 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for exploding a 200lb car bomb outside a pub in central Belfast. Five people were hurt.
- 17 July: The UDA exploded a car bomb at the Silver Eel Bar on Aghalee Road, CrumlinCrumlin, County AntrimCrumlin is a village in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is at the head of a wooded glen on the Camlin River, near Lough Neagh, and west of Belfast city centre. It had a population of over 4,259 people in the 2001 Census...
. A Catholic civilian was killed. - 20 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for bombing three Catholic-owned pubs in Belfast: The Bus Bar, Mooney’s Bar and The College Arms. Four people were hurt and six buses in a neighbouring depot were destroyed.
- 10 August: UDA members in a hijacked taxi shot dead a Catholic civilian as he walked along Kennedy Way, Belfast. His father died of a heart-attack when he heard of his son's death.
- 23 August: A Catholic civilian was found shot dead in a car at MayobridgeMayobridgeMayobridge is an area within Newry, County Down, Northern Ireland. It is located within the Newry and Mourne District Council area. It had a population of 842 people in the 2001 Census.-People :...
, County Down. The UFF claimed responsibility. - 5 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for a no-warning car bombing on Springfield Road, Belfast. The bomb was spotted and the area evacuated. A bakery and 15 houses were damaged.
- 16 September: Tommy HerronTommy HerronTommy Herron was a loyalist from Northern Ireland, and a leading member of the Ulster Defence Association up until his fatal shooting. Herron controlled the UDA in East Belfast, one of its two earliest strongholds...
, vice-chairman of the UDA, was found shot dead in a ditch in Drumbo near LisburnLisburnDemographicsLisburn Urban Area is within Belfast Metropolitan Urban Area and is classified as a Large Town by the . On census day there were 71,465 people living in Lisburn...
. - 17–18 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for bombing four Catholic schools in Belfast over a 24 hour period. Shortly after, British soldiers were sent to guard all Catholic schools in Belfast.
- 4 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for a grenade attack on a Catholic-owned pub near BanbridgeBanbridgeBanbridge is a town in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies on the River Bann and the A1 road. It was named after a bridge built over the Bann in 1712. The town grew as a coaching stop on the road from Belfast to Dublin and thrived from Irish linen manufacturing...
. Six people were hurt. - 22 October: The UDA detonated a bomb at Wilson's Bar on Upper Newtownards Road, Belfast. A Protestant civilian, who was walking past, was killed when part of the building collapsed.
- 7 November: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian outside his workplace on Springfield Road, Belfast. Elsewhere in Belfast, the UFF claimed responsibility for shooting a man as he sat in the cab of his lorry.
- 8 December: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian inside his shop on Stranmillis Road, Belfast.
- 26 December: A UDA member was beaten-to-death by other loyalists in Maze Prison. He was an alleged informer.
- 29 December: A UDA sniper shot dead a Catholic RUC officer after he was lured to a bogus robbery on Forthriver Road, Belfast.
References for this year: and
1974
- 2 January: A bomb was thrown into a Catholic parochial houseRectoryA rectory is the residence, or former residence, of a rector, most often a Christian cleric, but in some cases an academic rector or other person with that title...
in MullavillyMullavilly-LaurelvaleMullavilly-Laurelvale is a village in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. It was once two settlements but they have since merged. The village is 3 miles south of Portadown and 1.5 miles northwest of Tandragee. In the 2001 Census Mullavilly-Laurelvale had a population of 1,258.-Name:The village covers...
, County Armagh. The blast wrecked a third of the building and set fire to the remainder. Two priests were inside at the time. The UFF claimed responsibility. - 31 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead two Catholic civilians at a building site in NewtownabbeyNewtownabbeyNewtownabbey is a large town north of Belfast in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Sometimes considered to be a suburb of Belfast, it is separated from the rest of the city by Cavehill and Fortwilliam golf course...
, County AntrimCounty AntrimCounty Antrim is one of six counties that form Northern Ireland, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland. Adjoined to the north-east shore of Lough Neagh, the county covers an area of 2,844 km², with a population of approximately 616,000...
. - 9 February: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead two Catholic civilians as they left O'Kane's Bar on Grosvenor Road, Belfast.
- 11 February: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead two Catholic civilians at their workplace in Newtownabbey, County Antrim.
- 12 February: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at his workplace on Lisburn Road, Belfast.
- 17 February: The British Army shot dead two UDA members during a riot on Belvoir Street, Belfast.
- 21 February: The UFF claimed responsibility for detonating a bomb at Spa Inn on Spamount Street, Belfast. A Catholic civilian was killed.
- 12 March: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead Irish Fine GaelFine GaelFine Gael is a centre-right to centrist political party in the Republic of Ireland. It is the single largest party in Ireland in the Oireachtas, in local government, and in terms of Members of the European Parliament. The party has a membership of over 35,000...
SenatorSeanad ÉireannSeanad Éireann is the upper house of the Oireachtas , which also comprises the President of Ireland and Dáil Éireann . It is commonly called the Seanad or Senate and its members Senators or Seanadóirí . Unlike Dáil Éireann, it is not directly elected but consists of a mixture of members chosen by...
Billy Fox. He was killed as he went to visit the home of his fiancée at Tircooney, County MonaghanCounty MonaghanCounty Monaghan is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Border Region and is also located in the province of Ulster. It is named after the town of Monaghan. Monaghan County Council is the local authority for the county...
. The UFF claimed it shot him for "resisting questioning about suspected association with the Irish Republican Army". The killing has also been blamed on the Provisional IRA, but it denied responsibility. - 14 March: High-ranking UDA member James Redmond was badly hurt when a bomb exploded under his car outside his PortadownPortadownPortadown is a town in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. The town sits on the River Bann in the north of the county, about 23 miles south-west of Belfast...
home. The blast shattered nearby windows. - 20 March: The UFF claimed responsibility for a drive-by shooting attack on a Catholic schoolteacher in CookstownCookstownCookstown may refer to either of the following:*Cookstown, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland*Cookstown, Ontario, Canada*Cookstown, New Jersey, United States...
. - 21 March: UDA members opened fire on a lorry carrying about twenty workmen at Duncrue Street, Belfast. One Catholic civilian was killed and five wounded. It was regarded as an indiscriminate sectarian attack.
- 8 May: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Kingsmoss Road, Newtownabbey.
- 8 May: The UDA issued a statement opposing the Sunningdale AgreementSunningdale AgreementThe Sunningdale Agreement was an attempt to establish a power-sharing Northern Ireland Executive and a cross-border Council of Ireland. The Agreement was signed at the Civil Service College in Sunningdale Park located in Sunningdale, Berkshire, on 9 December 1973.Unionist opposition, violence and...
and supporting the United Ulster Unionist CouncilUnited Ulster Unionist CouncilThe United Ulster Unionist Council was a body that sought to bring together the Unionists opposed to the Sunningdale Agreement in Northern Ireland.-Formation:The UUUC was established in January 1974...
(UUUC). - 15 May: The Ulster Workers' Council strikeUlster Workers' Council StrikeThe Ulster Workers' Council strike was a general strike that took place in Northern Ireland between 15 May and 28 May 1974, during "The Troubles". The strike was called by loyalists and unionists who were against the Sunningdale Agreement, which had been signed in December 1973...
began in protest at the Sunningdale Agreement. For the next fourteen days, loyalist paramilitaries forcibly tried to stop many people going to work and to close any businesses that had opened.- 16 May: A UDA member shot dead a Catholic civilian at the Edlingham Street/Stratheden Street junction, Belfast. She had stopped to talk to a friend. A witness said the gunman emerged from the loyalist Tiger Bay area. There had been sporadic trouble in the area that day and locals complained that the British Army had done little to stop UDA activity nearby.
- 17 May: In response to the Dublin and Monaghan bombingsDublin and Monaghan BombingsThe Dublin and Monaghan bombings of 17 May 1974 were a series of car bombings in Dublin and Monaghan in the Republic of Ireland. The attacks killed 33 civilians and wounded almost 300 – the highest number of casualties in any single day during the conflict known as The Troubles.A loyalist...
carried out by the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF), the UDA's press secretary, Sammy Smyth said "I am very happy about the bombings in Dublin. There is a war with the [Republic of Ireland] and now we are laughing at them". Thirty-three civilians were killed and 300 wounded in the attacks.- 18 May: A UDA member shot dead a UVF member during a fight in North Star Bar on North Queen Street, Belfast.
- 20 May: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian and dumped his body by the roadside on Milltown Road, Belfast.
- 24 May: Two Catholic civilians were shot dead in their pub, The Wayside Halt, near BallymenaBallymenaBallymena is a large town in County Antrim, Northern Ireland and the seat of Ballymena Borough Council. Ballymena had a population of 28,717 people in the 2001 Census....
. This was part of a joint UDA/UVF attack to ensure businesses remained shut during the UWC strike.
- 28 May: The Ulster Workers' Council strike ended.
- 3 June: A civilian was found shot dead in a quarry on Hightown Road, between Belfast and Newtownabbey. Although most of his relatives were Catholic, he called himself a Protestant. It is believed the UDA were responsible.
- 9 June: A Catholic child was killed when a UDA/UFF bomb exploded prematurely at Ballymacaward Kennel Club in Hannahstown, County Antrim.
- 14 June: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian on Divis Street, Belfast.
- 12 July: The PIRA shot dead a UDA member on Glenrosa Street, Belfast.
- 20 July: The UDA invited nationalists and Catholics to hold talks with them.
- 24 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for kidnapping and shooting dead Independent NationalistIndependent NationalistIndependent Nationalist was a political title frequently used by Irish nationalists when contesting elections to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland not as members of the Irish Parliamentary Party, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.In the...
politician Patrick Kelly near TrillickTrillickTrillick is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It had a population of 303 people in the 2001 Census. Trillick lies within the civil parish of Cleenish and the barony of Clanawley.-History before the 18th century:...
. His body was found on 10 August in Lough Eyes, County Fermanagh. - 29 July: The UDA beat-to-death a Protestant civilian and left her body on Stockman's Lane, Belfast.
- 24 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for kidnapping and shooting dead Independent Nationalist
- 1 August: UDA and SDLP representatives held a meeting.
- 8 August: The UDA shot dead one of its own members on Seaview Drive, Belfast. Internal dispute.
- 14 August: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian on North Queen Street, Belfast.
- 29 September: The UDA stabbed-to-death a Catholic civilian on Lecale Street, Belfast.
- 8 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting two Catholic workmen at a building site in Belfast. It was claimed as retaliation for the Guildford pub bombings.
- 12 October: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian and wounded another civilian as they walked along Ellis Street in CarrickfergusCarrickfergusCarrickfergus , known locally and colloquially as "Carrick", is a large town in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is located on the north shore of Belfast Lough, from Belfast. The town had a population of 27,201 at the 2001 Census and takes its name from Fergus Mór mac Eirc, the 6th century king...
. - 22 October: A Catholic civilian was killed and another badly wounded by a booby-trap bomb at a betting shop on Marquis Street, Belfast. The bomb had been hidden in a radio and left at the shop by a UDA member.
- 4 November: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian as he stood on security duty outside a pub on University Road, Belfast.
- 10 November: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Clovelly Street, Belfast.
- 12 November: The UDA killed a Catholic civilian in a drive-by shooting on Ardmore Road, Derry.
- 22 November: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at her workplace on Springfield Road, Belfast.
- 23 November: The UDA shot dead a Catholic and Protestant civilian at Arkle Taxi Depot on Clifton Street, Belfast.
- 25 November: The UDA shot dead a Protestant civilian outside Ewart's Mill, Belfast. They assumed he was a Catholic.
- 25 November: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian as he sat in a car on Portaferry Road, NewtownardsNewtownardsNewtownards is a large town in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies at the most northern tip of Strangford Lough, 10 miles east of Belfast, on the Ards Peninsula. Newtownards is the largest town in the Borough of Ards. According to the 2001 Census, it has a population of 27,821 people in...
. - 4 December: UDA members shot a Protestant civilian during an attempted robbery of his shop on Upper Glenfarne Street, Belfast. He died on 6 December.
- 21 December: A Catholic civilian was found shot and strangled-to-death on Upper Mealough Road, CarryduffCarryduffCarryduff is a small town and townland in County Down, Northern Ireland, about south of Belfast city centre. It had a population of 6,595 people in the 2001 Census....
. A court was told he was killed by two UDA workmates after drinking with them in Belfast. - 24 December: A Catholic civilian died two months after being shot by the UDA at City Hospital, Belfast.
References for this year: and
1975
- 29 January: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at United Paper Merchants on Downshire Place, Belfast.
- 9 February: UDA members opened fire on Catholic civilians leaving St Brigid's church on Derryvolgie Avenue, Belfast. Two of the congregation were killed.
- 25 February: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at his workplace, Fisher Metal Fabrications, on Boucher Road, Belfast. He was singled-out and made to kneel before being shot in the head. The gunmen also stole a small sum of money.
- 13 March: A Catholic civilian died three weeks after being shot by the UDA in Parke's grocery shop on North Queen Street, Belfast.
- 15 March: The UVF shot dead two UDA members in Alexandra Bar, Belfast. Part of a feud between the two loyalist groups.
- 3 April: Republicans shot dead a UDA member at his home on Highfield Drive, Belfast.
- 5 April: Republicans killed a UDA member and four Protestant civilians in a bomb attack at Mountainview Tavern on Shankill Road, Belfast.
- 6 April: Republicans shot dead a UDA member on Alliance Road, Belfast.
- 28 April: The UDA shot dead a Protestant civilian working on the railway line near Donegall Road in Belfast. His Catholic workmate was the intended target.
- 2 May: The PIRA shot dead a UDA member at his workplace, Ardoyne Bus Depot, on Ardoyne Road, Belfast.
- 13 June: A 3-year-old girl was killed and her father (a Catholic civilian) badly wounded by a UDA booby-trap bomb in Belfast. They were following their normal morning routine, with the man taking his daughter in the family car to a nearby nursery school. The bomb had been wired to the car on Sunnyside Park and exploded as the girl got inside.
- 14 June: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian in a drive-by shootingDrive-by shootingA drive-by shooting is a form of hit-and-run tactic, a personal attack carried out by an individual or individuals from a moving or momentarily stopped vehicle without use of headlights to avoid being noticed. It often results in bystanders being shot instead of, or as well as, the intended target...
on New Lodge Road, Belfast. - 20 June: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian on Fraser Street, Belfast.
- 13 July: The UVF shot dead a UDA member in Taughmonagh, Belfast. Part of a feud between the two loyalist groups.
- 12 August: The UDA shot dead a Protestant civilian at his workplace off Albertbridge Road, Belfast. He was apparently wrongly thought to have been an IRA member.
- 21 August: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian on Brougham Street in Belfast as he walked to work.
- 30 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for killing two Catholic civilians in a gun and grenade attack on Harp Bar, Belfast.
- 1 September: Two UDA members were found buried in field near WhiteheadWhitehead-With common given names on further disambiguation pages:*Alan Whitehead *George Whitehead *Henry Whitehead *James Whitehead *John Whitehead...
, County Antrim. It is believed they had been shot by the UVF as part of a feud between the two loyalist groups.
- 2 September: At a conference in the United StatesUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, the UDA voiced its support for an independent Northern IrelandUlster nationalismUlster nationalism is the name given to a school of thought in Northern Irish politics that seeks the independence of Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom without becoming part of the Republic of Ireland, thereby becoming an independent sovereign state separate from England, Scotland and Wales...
.- 8 September: The PIRA shot dead a UDA member at the Alfred Street/Russell Street corner, Belfast.
- 18 September: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian in his newsagent's shop at Greenway, Belfast.
- 10 October: The PIRA shot dead a UDA member as he walked along Haywood Avenue, near his home in Belfast.
- 29 November: A civilian airport worker was killed when a UDA bomb exploded in a bathroom in Dublin AirportDublin AirportDublin Airport, , is operated by the Dublin Airport Authority. Located in Collinstown, in the Fingal part of County Dublin, 18.4 million passengers passed through the airport in 2010, making it the busiest airport in the Republic of Ireland, followed by Cork and Shannon...
. - 21 December: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian after breaking into her home at Mountainview Parade, Belfast. She was an active member of the reconciliation group Women Together.
References for this year: and
1976
- 22 January: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at his home at Thirlmere Gardens, Belfast.
- 24 January: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian as he walked along Clifton Street, Belfast. The inquest was told he was shot after "a perfectly chance encounter" outside the Royal Air ForceRoyal Air ForceThe Royal Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Formed on 1 April 1918, it is the oldest independent air force in the world...
club. - 25 January: The UDA bombed the Ancient Order of HiberniansAncient Order of HiberniansThe Ancient Order of Hibernians is an Irish Catholic fraternal organization. Members must be Catholic and either Irish born or of Irish descent. Its largest membership is now in the United States, where it was founded in New York City in 1836...
social club on Conway Street, LisburnLisburnDemographicsLisburn Urban Area is within Belfast Metropolitan Urban Area and is classified as a Large Town by the . On census day there were 71,465 people living in Lisburn...
. Two Catholic civilians were killed. - 15 February: The UDA shot dead two Catholic civilians and one Protestant civilian at a house on Wolfhill Drive, Belfast.
- 17 February: The UFF claimed responsibility for killing a Catholic civilian in a gun attack on McLaughlin's Bar in ClaudyClaudyClaudy is a village in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It lies southeast of Derry, where the River Glenrandal joins the River Faughan. Claudy is located in the Faughan Valley....
, County Londonderry. - 5 March: The UDA shot dead one of its own members on Argyle Street, Belfast. Internal dispute.
- 10 March: The PIRA shot dead Sammy Smyth (former UDA spokesman) on Alliance Avenue, Belfast.
- 13 March: The UDA beat-to-death a UVF member on Aberdeen Street, Belfast. Part of a feud between the two loyalist groups.
- 18 March: The UDA stabbed-to-death a Catholic civilian outside Cregagh Inn on Cregagh Road, Belfast.
- 13 May: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Protestant civilian on Woodstock Road, Belfast. It claimed he was an informer.
- 28 May: The UDA detonated a no-warning bomb in the Club Bar on University Street, Belfast. A Catholic and Protestant civilian were killed. The pub attracted Catholics and Protestants and had been attacked by loyalists a number of times.
- 30 May: A Catholic civilian was found shot dead in his milk floatMilk floatA milk float is a battery electric vehicle , specifically designed for the delivery of fresh milk. They were once common in many European countries, particularly the United Kingdom, and were operated by local dairies...
on Springhill Avenue, Belfast. He was shot from close range and his vehicle had crashed into a fence. He was killed by UDA members who picked him out coming from the depot and followed him around the streets. His colleagues went on strike in protest. - 2 June: The PIRA shot dead a UDA member at his home on Cambrai Street, Belfast.
- 4 June: The UDA shot dead a Protestant civilian on Waterproof Street, Belfast. They believed he was a Catholic.
- 5 June: The UDA shot dead civilian Sinn FéinSinn FéinSinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
member Colm Mulgrew at Camberwell Terrace, Belfast. - 5 June: The UDA carried out a drive-by shooting at the Crumlin Star Bar in Brompton Park, Belfast. A Catholic civilian died of his wounds two days later. An RUC detective said it was a random sectarian attack.
- 11 June: The RUC shot dead a UDA member as he travelled in a stolen car in Newtownabbey, County Antrim.
- 17 June: The UDA shot dead two Catholic civilians in a bus on Crumlin Road, Belfast.
- 19 June: The PIRA shot dead a UDA member at his home in Dunmurry.
- 3 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for bombing four hotels in the Republic of Ireland. There were explosions in Dublin, RosslareRosslareThe name Rosslare may refer to:*Rosslare Strand, a village in County Wexford, Ireland* Rosslare Harbour, a village in County Wexford, Ireland*The Rosslare Europort at Rosslare Harbour...
, LimerickLimerickLimerick is the third largest city in the Republic of Ireland, and the principal city of County Limerick and Ireland's Mid-West Region. It is the fifth most populous city in all of Ireland. When taking the extra-municipal suburbs into account, Limerick is the third largest conurbation in the...
and KillarneyKillarneyKillarney is a town in County Kerry, southwestern Ireland. The town is located north of the MacGillicuddy Reeks, on the northeastern shore of the Lough Lein/Leane which are part of Killarney National Park. The town and its surrounding region are home to St...
. On 10 July it bombed the Salthill Hotel in GalwayGalwayGalway or City of Galway is a city in County Galway, Republic of Ireland. It is the sixth largest and the fastest-growing city in Ireland. It is also the third largest city within the Republic and the only city in the Province of Connacht. Located on the west coast of Ireland, it sits on the...
. - 7 July: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at his shop on Upper Newtownards Road, Belfast.
- 9 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead two Catholic civilians at their home on Longlands Road, Newtownabbey.
- 13 July: The UDA shot dead an Official IRA (OIRA) member outside the Boundary Bar on Shore Road, Belfast. The Irish Times reported that he was on vigilante duty and was believed to have been armed at the time. An Official IRA death notice in the Irish News confirmed that he had been on vigilante duty. He was also a Workers' PartyWorkers' Party of IrelandThe Workers' Party is a left-wing republican political party in Ireland. Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970 after a split within the party, adopting its current name in 1982....
member. - 1 August: The UDA shot dead a Protestant civilian who was living with a Catholic family on Annalee Street, Belfast.
- 18 August: The UDA shot dead a UVF member on Flush Road, Belfast. Part of a feud between the two loyalist groups.
- 27 August: UDA members petrol-bombed the home of a young Catholic family on Hillman Street, Belfast. Two Catholic civilians and their ten-month-old baby were killed.
- 31 August: A Catholic civilian was found dead on Carlow Street, Belfast. He had been tied-up with wire, badly beaten and then shot in the head. Police believed UDA members had taken him from a pub and killed him when they found he was a Catholic. He died on 2 September 1976.
- 10 September: The UDA shot a Catholic civilian on Donard Drive, Lisburn. he was cycling to work when he was shot in the back with a shotgun. He died on 20 September 1976. A detective said the motive was sectarian.
- 11 September: The UDA shot dead one of its own members on Disraeli Street, Belfast. Internal dispute.
- 17 September: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Cooldarragh Park, Belfast.
- 24 September: The UDA shot dead a 17 year old Catholic civilian in her home on Oldpark Avenue, Belfast; she had been babysitting three children a the time. An RUC detective said her home was the first Catholic home the gunmen came across and that the motive was sectarian.
- 24 September: UDA members robbed a grocery shop on Manor Street, Belfast. They shot a 15-year-old Catholic civilian who worked there and she died on 11 October 1976. Another woman, who was active in the Peace Movement, was badly wounded and lost an eye as a result.
- 24 September: Republicans shot dead two men, a UDA member and a Protestant civilian, at Cavehill Inn on Cavehill Road, Belfast.
- 3 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Knockwellan Park, Derry.
- 6 October: The UDA killed two Catholic civilians at their home on Victoria Gardens, Belfast. The men stabbed the woman 36 times and then shot her son-in-law. The inquest was told that the killings might have been revenge for the shooting of two Protestant men (one a UDA member) in a nearby pub on 24 September 1976.
- 28 October: UDA and UVF members shot dead former Sinn Féin vice-president Máire DrummMáire DrummMáire Drumm was the vice president of Sinn Féin and a commander in Cumann na mBan. She was assassinated by loyalists while recovering in Belfast's Mater Hospital....
in Mater Hospital on Crumlin Road, Belfast. She had retired a short time before her killing and had been in the hospital for an operation. The gunmen dressed as doctors. A UVF member (formerly a British Army soldier), who worked as a security guard at the hospital, was among a number of men jailed. - 4 November: A Catholic civilian was found shot dead on the bank of the Forth River in Glencairn, Belfast. An RUC detective said it was a sectarian killing carried out by the UDA.
- 13 November: The UDA kidnapped a Catholic civilian from Cliftonville Road and shot him dead. A detective said it was a random sectarian killing.
- 15 November: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting a Catholic civilian at his home in GreysteelGreysteelGreysteel or Gresteel is a village in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It lies to the east of Derry and to the west of Limavady on the main A2 coast road between Limavady and Derry, overlooking Lough Foyle...
, County Londonderry. He died on 25 November. - 22 November: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his pub (Happy Landing Bar) in EglintonEglinton, County LondonderryEglinton is a village in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It lies east of Derry, to which it serves as a sleeper village, and west of Limavady. Many inhabitants of the village work in Derry city and send their children to school there. Eglinton had a population of 3,165 people in the 2001...
, County Londonderry. - 30 November: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at her home on Silverstream Road, Belfast.
- 20 December: The UVF killed a UDA member on Forthriver Road, Belfast. Part of a feud between the two loyalist groups.
References for this year: and
1977
- 21 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead Sinn Féin member Michael McHugh at his home in Corgary, County Tyrone.
- 22 January: A Catholic civilian (from County MayoCounty MayoCounty Mayo is a county in Ireland. It is located in the West Region and is also part of the province of Connacht. It is named after the village of Mayo, which is now generally known as Mayo Abbey. Mayo County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 130,552...
, Republic of Ireland) and a Protestant civilian were found shot dead in a burning car on Downing Street, Belfast. Apparently, UDA members believed one or both of them was a Catholic. The Mayo man's southern accent may have played a part. - 31 January: The UVF beat-to-death a UDA member on Adela Street, Belfast. Part of a feud between the two loyalist groups.
- 19 February: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Clifton Crescent, Belfast.
- 17 March: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian as he drove along Cambrai Street, Belfast.
- 29 April: It was reported that about 200 UDA men from ScotlandScotlandScotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
and 50 from LiverpoolLiverpoolLiverpool is a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England, along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary. It was founded as a borough in 1207 and was granted city status in 1880...
had arrived in Belfast to support a strike planned by the United Unionist Action Council (UUAC), which was led by Ian PaisleyIan PaisleyIan Richard Kyle Paisley, Baron Bannside, PC is a politician and church minister in Northern Ireland. As the leader of the Democratic Unionist Party , he and Sinn Féin's Martin McGuinness were elected First Minister and deputy First Minister respectively on 8 May 2007.In addition to co-founding...
.
- 3 May: The UUAC strike began. Loyalist paramilitaries forcibly tried to stop many people going to work and to close any businesses that had opened.
- 8 May: A Protestant civilian was found shot dead on wasteground at Forthriver Road, Belfast. He had also be robbed. Detectives said he may have been mistaken for someone from the Republic, due to his Fermanagh accent.
- 10 May: The UDA shot dead a bus driver on Crumlin Road, Belfast for working during the strike.
- 10 May: Two UDA members were killed in a premature bomb explosion at Seagoe Gardens, Newtownabbey.
- 13 May: The UUAC strike ended. The Royal Ulster ConstabularyRoyal Ulster ConstabularyThe Royal Ulster Constabulary was the name of the police force in Northern Ireland from 1922 to 2000. Following the awarding of the George Cross in 2000, it was subsequently known as the Royal Ulster Constabulary GC. It was founded on 1 June 1922 out of the Royal Irish Constabulary...
(RUC) reported that 3 people had been killed, 41 RUC officers injured, and 115 people charged with offences committed during the strike.- 23 May: UDA members undertook an armed robbery of Ewart's Bowling Club on Somerdale Park, Belfast. A Protestant civilian was shot and died of his wounds on 29 May 1977.
- 15 July: The UDA shot dead one of its own members on Old Glencairn Road, Belfast. Internal dispute.
- 21 September: A Protestant civilian was found beaten-to-death in a quarry near MoneymoreMoneymoreMoneymore is a village in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It had a population of 1,369 in the 2001 Census.It is an example of a Plantation village in Mid-Ulster. It was the first town in Ulster to have piped water.-Geography:...
. He was kidnapped on 14 January 1977 after witnessing a UDA robbery.
References for this year: and
1979
- 22 April: A Catholic civilian was found beaten-to-death in the River Bann at Seagoe, near PortadownPortadownPortadown is a town in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. The town sits on the River Bann in the north of the county, about 23 miles south-west of Belfast...
. He was a civil servant and had been kidnapped a month earlier. It is thought the UDA was responsible. - 25 April: The UDA shot dead a PIRA member at his home on Rosevale Street, Belfast.
- 26 May: Loyalists shot dead a UDA member in Royal Bar on Shankill Road, Belfast.
- 9 June: The UDA shot dead an OIRA member in a shop on Castle Street, Belfast.
- 3 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Bawnmore Grove, Belfast.
- 5 September: Gunmen boarded a bus in the Oldpark area of Belfast and shot a Catholic passenger, seriously wounding him. The UFF claimed responsibility.
- 3 December: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Brooke Crescent, Belfast.
References for this year: and
1980
- 4 January: The UDA beat-to-death a Catholic civilian in a derelict garage on Berlin Street, Belfast.
- 15 April: A UDA member died when his bomb prematurely exploded in Connsbrook Filling Station, Belfast.
- 4 June: The UDA shot dead civilian Irish Independence PartyIrish Independence PartyThe Irish Independence Party was an nationalist political party in Northern Ireland, founded in October 1977 by Frank McManus and Fergus McAteer...
(IIP) member John Turley in CarnloughCarnloughCarnlough is a village in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It has a picturesque harbour on the shores of Carnlough Bay. Carnlough is situated on the Coast Road beside the North Channel and at the foot of Glencloy, the second of the nine Glens of Antrim...
, County Antrim. - 13 June: A UDA member died when his bomb prematurely exploded at a community centre on Highfield Drive, Belfast.
- 24 August: The UDA shot dead civilian Irish Republican Socialist PartyIrish Republican Socialist PartyThe Irish Republican Socialist Party or IRSP is a republican socialist party active in Ireland. It claims the legacy of socialist revolutionary James Connolly, who founded the Irish Socialist Republican Party in 1896 and was executed after the Easter Rising of 1916.- History :The Irish Republican...
(IRSP) member Rodney McCormick in LarneLarneLarne is a substantial seaport and industrial market town on the east coast of County Antrim, Northern Ireland with a population of 18,228 people in the 2001 Census. As of 2011, there are about 31,000 residents in the greater Larne area. It has been used as a seaport for over 1,000 years, and is...
, County Antrim. - 15 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead Ronnie BuntingRonnie BuntingRonnie Bunting was an Irish republican and socialist activist in Ireland. He became a member of the Official IRA in the early 1970s and was a founder member of the Irish National Liberation Army in 1974. He became leader of the INLA in 1978 and was assassinated in 1980.-Background:Bunting came...
and Noel Lyttle, both members of the IRSP and Irish National Liberation ArmyIrish National Liberation ArmyThe Irish National Liberation Army or INLA is an Irish republican socialist paramilitary group that was formed on 8 December 1974. Its goal is to remove Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom and create a socialist united Ireland....
(INLA), in a house at Downfine Gardens, Belfast. - 12–17 December: Six UDA prisoners went on hunger strikeHunger strikeA hunger strike is a method of non-violent resistance or pressure in which participants fast as an act of political protest, or to provoke feelings of guilt in others, usually with the objective to achieve a specific goal, such as a policy change. Most hunger strikers will take liquids but not...
in the Maze Prison. They demanded to be separated from republican prisoners.
References for this year: and
1981
- 16 January: The UDA were believed to be responsible for shooting prominent republican Bernadette Devlin McAliskeyBernadette Devlin McAliskeyJosephine Bernadette Devlin McAliskey , also known as Bernadette Devlin and Bernadette McAliskey, is a socialist republican political activist...
and her husband at their home near CoalislandCoalislandCoalisland is a small town in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, with a population of 4,917 people . As its name suggests, it was formerly a centre for coal mining.-History:...
, County Tyrone. She was shot seven times but her and her husband survived. - 27 March: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian on Berwick Road, Belfast.
- 16 May: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Abbeydale Parade, Belfast.
- 26 May: The RUC raided the UDA headquarters in Belfast and found a number of illegal weapons. At this time the UDA was still a legal organisation.
- 2 June: The UDA founded the Ulster Democratic PartyUlster Democratic PartyThe Ulster Democratic Party was a small loyalist political party in Northern Ireland. It was established in June 1981 as the Ulster Loyalist Democratic Party by the Ulster Defence Association to replace their New Ulster Political Research Group...
(UDP).- 9 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian on Alliance Avenue, Belfast.
- 8 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead independent republican councillor Larry Kennedy. He and another man were shot as they stood in the foyer of the Shamrock Social Club, Belfast.
- 12 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Deerpark Road, Belfast. It also claimed responsibility for bombing the Catholic "Church of Christ the King" in LimavadyLimavadyLimavady is a market town in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland, with Binevenagh as a backdrop. It lies east of Derry and south west of Coleraine. It had a population of 12,135 people in the 2001 Census, an increase of some 17% compared to 1991...
. Most of the building was destroyed but there were no injuries. - 16 October: The INLA shot dead a UDA member on Denmark Street, Belfast.
- 19 October: The RUC shot dead a UDA member as he travelled in a stolen car at the Ballygomartin Road/Woodvale Road junction, Belfast.
- 4 November: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a UDA member on Silvio Street, Belfast. It claimed he was an informer.
- 25 November: The UFF claimed responsibility for firing shots into the offices of An PhoblachtAn PhoblachtAn Phoblacht is the official newspaper of Sinn Féin in Ireland. It is published once a month, and according to its website sells an average of up to 15,000 copies every month and was the first Irish paper to provide an edition online and currently having in excess of 100,000 website hits per...
in Dublin.
References for this year: and
1982
- 23 January: The UDA shot dead two of its own members at their home on Rosebery Gardens, Belfast. Internal dispute.
- 27 March: Loyalists shot dead a UDA member in King Richard Tavern on Castlereagh Road, Belfast.
- 14 April: The RUC raided the UDA headquarters and again found weapons. Four UDA members were arrested.
- 16 April: James Prior, then Secretary of State for Northern IrelandSecretary of State for Northern IrelandThe Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, informally the Northern Ireland Secretary, is the principal secretary of state in the government of the United Kingdom with responsibilities for Northern Ireland. The Secretary of State is a Minister of the Crown who is accountable to the Parliament of...
, said that he had no plans to make the UDA illegal.- 5 May: The UDA stabbed and shot dead a Protestant civilian during a robbery at her post office in Killinchy, County Down.
- 26 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian on Mountainhill Road, Belfast.
References for this year: and
1983
- 8 January: The UDA shot dead one of its own members on Woodvale Road, Belfast. Internal dispute.
1984
- 14 March: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting and wounding four Sinn Féin members (including SF president Gerry AdamsGerry AdamsGerry Adams is an Irish republican politician and Teachta Dála for the constituency of Louth. From 1983 to 1992 and from 1997 to 2011, he was an abstentionist Westminster Member of Parliament for Belfast West. He is the president of Sinn Féin, the second largest political party in Northern...
) as they travelled by car through Belfast. - 10 August: A UDA member accidentally died while trying to escape from Maze Prison.
- 16 November: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead civilian Sinn Féin member Patrick Brady on Boucher Road, Belfast.
References for this year: and
1985
- 7 April: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian in EnniskillenEnniskillenEnniskillen is a town in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. It is located almost exactly in the centre of the county between the Upper and Lower sections of Lough Erne. It had a population of 13,599 in the 2001 Census...
, County FermanaghCounty FermanaghFermanagh District Council is the only one of the 26 district councils in Northern Ireland that contains all of the county it is named after. The district council also contains a small section of County Tyrone in the Dromore and Kilskeery road areas....
. - 27 November: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting and badly wounding a Sinn Féin member outside his home in Belfast.
- 8 November: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian as he sat in a car outside his workplace on Drumbeg Drive, LisburnLisburnDemographicsLisburn Urban Area is within Belfast Metropolitan Urban Area and is classified as a Large Town by the . On census day there were 71,465 people living in Lisburn...
.
References for this year: and
1986
- 7 August: The UFF announced it was extending its list of "legitimate targets".
- 26 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Rodney Drive, Belfast.
- 16 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead two Catholic civilians at their home in Ballynahinch, County Down.
- 18 October: The UDA shot dead one of its own members in Kimberly Inn on Kimberly Street, Belfast. Internal dispute.
- 8 November: The UFF claimed responsibility for planting four incendiary devices in the centre of Dublin. Two exploded in bins on O'Connell StreetO'Connell StreetO'Connell Street is Dublin's main thoroughfare. It measures 49 m in width at its southern end, 46 m at the north, and is 500 m in length...
and the other two, also in bins, were defused by the British Army. - 6 December: A Catholic civilian was badly beaten by UDA members in Tavern Bar on Bridge Street, LisburnLisburnDemographicsLisburn Urban Area is within Belfast Metropolitan Urban Area and is classified as a Large Town by the . On census day there were 71,465 people living in Lisburn...
. He died on 9 December 1986.
References for this year: and
1987
- 23 May: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian while he delivered bread near DrumquinDrumquinDrumquin is a small village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It lies between Omagh and Castlederg, on the banks of the Drumquin River...
, County Tyrone. - 3 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian and dumped his body in a disused quarry off Upper Crumlin Road, Belfast. He was a former internee.
- 7 July: The PIRA shot dead a UDA member in a pool hall on Ligoniel Road, Belfast.
- 17 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting two Catholic civilians in Belfast. One was shot at his workplace on Lord Street and died on 16 March 1988. Another was shot in his home at Roden Square.
- 23 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian as he drove his car along Netherlands Park, Belfast.
- 9 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Forfar Street, Belfast.
- 20 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian as he sat in his car on Prestwick Park, Belfast.
- 6 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a former UDA member at his home on Alliance Parade, Belfast.
- 9 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Whitecliff Parade, Belfast. He was a former internee.
- 9 November: The UDA shot dead a Protestant civilian at his workplace on Highview Crescent, Belfast. They believed he was a Catholic.
- 22 December: John McMichaelJohn McMichaelJohn "Big John" McMichael was a leading Northern Irish loyalist who rose to become the most prominent figure within the Ulster Defence Association as the Deputy Commander and leader of its South Belfast Brigade. He was also commander of the organisation's cover name, the "Ulster Freedom Fighters"...
, then deputy leader of the UDA, was killed by a booby-trap bomb attached to his car by the PIRA outside his home on Hilden Court, LisburnLisburnDemographicsLisburn Urban Area is within Belfast Metropolitan Urban Area and is classified as a Large Town by the . On census day there were 71,465 people living in Lisburn...
.
References for this year: and
1988
- 16 January: The UDA shot dead an off-duty Protestant member of the Ulster Defence RegimentUlster Defence RegimentThe Ulster Defence Regiment was an infantry regiment of the British Army which became operational in 1970, formed on similar lines to other British reserve forces but with the operational role of defence of life or property in Northern Ireland against armed attack or sabotage...
on Park Road, Belfast. They believed he was a Catholic. - 25 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his workplace in DundrumDundrumDundrum is the name of several places:in Ireland:*Dundrum, Dublin, a suburb of Dublin city.**Dundrum Town Centre, a shopping centre*Dundrum, County Tipperary** the Dundrum meteorite of 1865, which fell in Munster, Ireland...
, County Down. - 15 March: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his workplace on Annadale Embankment, Belfast.
- 16 March: Milltown Cemetery attackMilltown Cemetery attackThe Milltown Cemetery attack The Milltown Cemetery attack The Milltown Cemetery attack (also known as the Milltown Cemetery killings or Milltown Massacre took place on 16 March 1988 in Belfast's Milltown Cemetery...
- at the funeral of three PIRA members, UDA member Michael StoneMichael Stone (loyalist paramilitary)Michael Stone is a Northern Irish loyalist who was a volunteer in the Ulster Defence Association . Stone was born in England but raised in the Braniel estate in East Belfast, Northern Ireland. Convicted of killing three people and injuring more than sixty in an attack on mourners at Milltown...
attacked the mourners with two handguns and grenades. Two civilians and a PIRA member were killed, whilst over sixty were wounded. - 10 May: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Newington Street, Belfast.
- 6 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian as he waited for a lift to work in DromoreDromore- Places :* Dromore, Ontario, Canada* Dromore , a crater in the Lunae Palus quadrangle of Mars- Other :* Bishop of Dromore, named for the town in County Down; the pre-Reformation antecedent of:** Roman Catholic Diocese of Dromore...
, County Down. - 7 September: The Irish People's Liberation OrganisationIrish People's Liberation OrganisationThe Irish People's Liberation Organisation was a small Irish republican paramilitary organization which was formed in 1986 by disaffected and expelled members of the Irish National Liberation Army whose factions coalesced in the aftermath of the supergrass trials...
(IPLO) shot dead a UDA member on Century Street, Belfast. - 23 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Waterville Street, Belfast.
- 15 October: As part of an internal dispute, the UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead leading UDA member James CraigJames Craig (loyalist)James Pratt "Jim" Craig was a Northern Irish loyalist, who served as a fund-raiser for the Ulster Defence Association and sat on its Inner Council. He also ran a large protection racket from west Belfast's Shankill Road area, where he lived...
. One civilian was killed and four wounded in the attack, which happened at The Castle Inn on Beersbridge Road, Belfast.
References for this year: and
1989
- 25 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Protestant civilian at his workplace on Kingsmore Link Road, Lisburn. They believed he was a Catholic.
- 12 February: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead prominent solicitor Pat FinucanePat Finucane (solicitor)Patrick Finucane was a Catholic Belfast solicitor killed by loyalist paramilitaries on 12 February 1989. His killing was one of the most controversial during the Troubles in Northern Ireland. Finucane came to prominence due to successfully challenging the British Government over several important...
at his home Fortwilliam Drive, Belfast. He had represented a number of republicans in high-profile cases. - 20 February: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his workplace in DonaghcloneyDonaghcloneyDonaghcloney or Donacloney is a small village and townland in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies on the River Lagan between Lurgan, Dromore and Banbridge. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 972.-Linen industry:...
, County Down. - 24 June: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Donard Drive, Lisburn.
- 25 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home in Lissize near RathfrilandRathfrilandRathfriland is a village in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is a hilltop Plantation of Ulster settlement between the Mourne Mountains, Slieve Croob and Banbridge. It had a population of 2,079 people in the 2001 Census.-History:...
, County Down. In March 1992, two Ulster Defence RegimentUlster Defence RegimentThe Ulster Defence Regiment was an infantry regiment of the British Army which became operational in 1970, formed on similar lines to other British reserve forces but with the operational role of defence of life or property in Northern Ireland against armed attack or sabotage...
(UDR) soldiers were convicted, along with a third man, of "aiding and abetting" the killers.
References for this year: and
1990
- 2 January: Harry Dickey, a member of the UDA and Ulster Democratic PartyUlster Democratic PartyThe Ulster Democratic Party was a small loyalist political party in Northern Ireland. It was established in June 1981 as the Ulster Loyalist Democratic Party by the Ulster Defence Association to replace their New Ulster Political Research Group...
(UDP), was killed by a PIRA booby-trap bomb attached to his car outside his home at Larkfield Manor, Belfast. - 11 March: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Kashmir Road, Belfast.
- 15 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Huguenot Drive, Lisburn.
- 31 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Valleyside Close, Belfast.
- 7 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Deramore Street, Belfast.
- 23 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a UDA member and a Protestant civilian in the County Down Arms, Lisburn. It claimed the UDA man was an informer. He died on 7 October. It apologized for shooting the civilian.
- 16 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian on Rosapenna Street, Belfast.
- 25 October: A UDA member was found shot dead behind a row of shops at Finwood Park, Belfast. The UFF claimed it killed him for being an informer.
References for this year: and
1991
- 27 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Rosapenna Court, Belfast.
- 3 April: A Catholic civilian taxi driver was found shot dead beside his burning car on Thompson's Lane, Belfast. He had been shot in the head by three men who asked for a lift. Although the gun used was traced to the UVF, the UVF denied responsibility. According to reliable loyalist sources, the UDA was responsible. Detectives said the taxi firm was targeted because most of its staff were Catholic.
- 17 April: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian taxi driver, after he had been lured to a bogus call on Dunluce Avenue, Belfast.
- 26 April: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting a Catholic civilian on London Street, Belfast. The gunmen had asked him where he lived before shooting.
- 29 April: The Combined Loyalist Military CommandCombined Loyalist Military CommandThe Combined Loyalist Military Command was an umbrella body for loyalist paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland set up in the early 1990s, recalling the earlier Ulster Army Council and Ulster Loyalist Central Co-ordinating Committee....
(CLMC) (acting on behalf of all loyalist paramilitaries) announced a ceasefire lasting until 4 July. This was to coincide with political talks between the four main parties (the Brooke-Mayhew talks).- 25 May: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead Sinn Féin councillor Eddie FullertonEddie FullertonEdward "Eddie" Fullerton was a Sinn Féin councillor from County Donegal, Ireland. He was assassinated at his Buncrana home in May 1991 by members of the Ulster Defence Association....
in Buncrana, County DonegalCounty DonegalCounty Donegal is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Border Region and is also located in the province of Ulster. It is named after the town of Donegal. Donegal County Council is the local authority for the county...
, Republic of Ireland. The UFF stated that the ceasefire only applied in Northern Ireland. - 29 June: The PIRA shot dead UDA and Ulster Democratic Party (UDP) member Cecil McKnight at his home in DerryDerryDerry or Londonderry is the second-biggest city in Northern Ireland and the fourth-biggest city on the island of Ireland. The name Derry is an anglicisation of the Irish name Doire or Doire Cholmcille meaning "oak-wood of Colmcille"...
. - 27 July: The UFF said it planted bombs in eight towns in the Republic of Ireland. Three exploded at a department store in Dublin, one at supermarket in SligoSligoSligo is the county town of County Sligo in Ireland. The town is a borough and has a charter and a town mayor. It is sometimes referred to as a city, and sometimes as a town, and is the second largest urban area in Connacht...
, one at a pub in DundalkDundalkDundalk is the county town of County Louth in Ireland. It is situated where the Castletown River flows into Dundalk Bay. The town is close to the border with Northern Ireland and equi-distant from Dublin and Belfast. The town's name, which was historically written as Dundalgan, has associations...
and another at a pub in DunleerDunleerDunleer is a town and townland in County Louth, Ireland.Dunleer town is situated midway between Dundalk and Drogheda. It is the principal Town Borough in the Barony of Ferrard. It has a Charter dating back to 1252...
. - 9 August: The PIRA shot dead UDA and UDP member Gary Lynch at his workplace in Derry.
- 12 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead civilian Sinn Féin member Pádraig Ó Seanacháin in CastledergCastledergCastlederg is a village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It lies on the River Derg and is close to the border with County Donegal. The village has a ruined castle and two ancient tombs known as the Druid's Altar and Todd's Den...
, County Tyrone. - 14 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for trying to kill a Sinn Féin member on Rosapenna Street, Belfast. It also claimed responsibility for detonating a bomb at Harfield Bar on Ormeau Road.
- 16 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead civilian Sinn Féin member Thomas Donaghy in KilreaKilreaKilrea is a village and townland in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It is near the River Bann, which marks the boundary between County Londonderry and County Antrim...
, County Londonderry. - 31 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian deliveryman, after he had been lured to a bogus call at Vicinage Court, Belfast.
- 3 September: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian at his workplace on Springfield Avenue, Belfast.
- 13 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for planting two bombs in mainly nationalist/Catholic areas. They were defused by the British Army.
- 16 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead civilian Sinn Féin member Bernard O'Hagan in MagherafeltMagherafeltMagherafelt is a small town in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It had a population of 8,372 people recorded in the 2001 Census. It is the biggest town in the south of County Londonderry and is the social, economic and political hub of the area...
, County Londonderry. - 8 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for burning a Gaelic Athletic AssociationGaelic Athletic AssociationThe Gaelic Athletic Association is an amateur Irish and international cultural and sporting organisation focused primarily on promoting Gaelic games, which include the traditional Irish sports of hurling, camogie, Gaelic football, handball and rounders...
(GAA) hall in KircubbinKircubbin, County DownKircubbin is a village and townland in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is on the shores of Strangford Lough, between Newtownards and Portaferry. The population is roughly 2,000. The village harbour contains leisure craft, yachts, and a sailing club...
, County Down. - 10 October: The Irish People's Liberation OrganisationIrish People's Liberation OrganisationThe Irish People's Liberation Organisation was a small Irish republican paramilitary organization which was formed in 1986 by disaffected and expelled members of the Irish National Liberation Army whose factions coalesced in the aftermath of the supergrass trials...
(IPLO) shot dead a UDA member in Diamond Jubilee Bar on Shankill Road, Belfast. - 10 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian taxi driver as he drove along Rosapenna Street, Belfast.
- 14 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian taxi driver, after he had been lured to a bogus call on Finnis Drive, Belfast.
- 15 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his workplace on Ravenhill Road, Belfast.
- 16 October: A Catholic civilian died two days after being found shot in a car on Tamar Street, Belfast. The UFF claimed responsibility.
- 5 November: At a football match at Windsor ParkWindsor ParkWindsor Park is a football stadium in Belfast, Northern Ireland and the home ground of Linfield F.C. and the Northern Ireland national football team. It is also where the Irish Cup and Irish League Cup finals are played.-History:...
in Belfast, the UDA/UFF threw a grenade at the supporters of the Cliftonville teamCliftonville F.C.Cliftonville Football & Athletic Club is a semi-professional, Northern Irish football club playing in the IFA Premiership. Founded on 20 September 1879 by John McCredy McAlery in the suburb of Cliftonville in north Belfast, it is the oldest football club in Ireland and celebrated its 130th...
. Supporters of Cliftonville are perceived as being mainly Catholic. - 8 November: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting a man on Corporation Street, Belfast. In 1980 he had been convicted of PIRA membership.
- 13 November: The PIRA shot dead a UDA member at his home on Lecale Street, Belfast.
- 24 November: The PIRA killed a UDA member when it exploded a time bomb in a dining hall of Crumlin Road Prison, Belfast. A UVF member was also killed.
- 25 November: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian deliveryman on Candahar Street, Belfast.
- 3 December: The UFF claimed responsibility for firebombing government offices in DundonaldDundonaldDundonald is a large settlement in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies east of Belfast and is often deemed to be a suburb of the city. It includes the large housing estate of Ballybeen, and many new housing estates have emerged in the past ten years....
. - 21 December: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Fortuna Street, Belfast.
- 22 December: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian in the Devenish Arms on Finaghy Road North, Belfast.
- 25 May: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead Sinn Féin councillor Eddie Fullerton
References for this year: and
1992
- 9 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his chip van on Airport Road in MoiraMoira, County DownMoira is a village in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is in the northwest of the county, near the borders with counties Antrim and Armagh. The M1 motorway and Dublin–Belfast railway line are nearby. The settlement has existed since time immemorial...
, County Down. - 14 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a UDA member at his home on Coronation Park in DundonaldDundonaldDundonald is a large settlement in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies east of Belfast and is often deemed to be a suburb of the city. It includes the large housing estate of Ballybeen, and many new housing estates have emerged in the past ten years....
, County Down. It claimed he was an informer. - 30 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian on Longstone Street, Lisburn.
- 2 February: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Rosemount Gardens, Belfast.
- 5 February: The UFF claimed responsibility for a gun attack on a bookmaker's shop on Lower Ormeau Road, Belfast. Five Catholic civilians were killed and three wounded.
- 21 February: The UFF claimed responsibility for a gun and grenade attack on the home of a Sinn Féin councillor in Ardoyne, Belfast.
- 12 March: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Alliance Avenue, Belfast.
- 2 April: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead Sinn Féin member Danny Cassidy in KilreaKilreaKilrea is a village and townland in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It is near the River Bann, which marks the boundary between County Londonderry and County Antrim...
, County Londonderry. - 15 April: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a UDA member at his home on Grahams Bridge Road in Dundonald, County Down. It claimed he was an informer.
- 28 April: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian working in a chemist shop on Springfield Road, Belfast.
- 8 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Kerrsland Drive, Belfast.
- 31 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for gun and grenade attacks on two houses in the Grosvenor Road area of Belfast. It said Irish republicans were the target.
- 10 August: Patrick MayhewPatrick MayhewPatrick Barnabas Burke Mayhew, Baron Mayhew of Twysden, PC is a British barrister, and Conservative Party politician.He was educated at Tonbridge School and Balliol College, Oxford...
, then Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, announced that the UDA and UFF were to be proscribed (banned) from midnight.- 28 August: In County Antrim, the UFF claimed responsibility for shooting a man whose wife was a former Sinn Féin councillor.
- 14 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for a gun attack on the Belfast Dockers Club. A charity event was taking place inside. Three people were wounded.
- 24 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a former PIRA member in Dundoland, County Down.
- 27 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on North Queen Street, Belfast.
- 30 September: The PIRA shot dead a UDA member in Annadale Flats, Belfast.
- 1 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for trying to kill two Catholics in Ligonel, Belfast.
- 4 November: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian outside his parents' home on Fernwood Street, Belfast.
- 6 November: The UFF announced that it was extending its campaign to include "the entire Republican community".
- 7 November: The UDA beat-to-death a Protestant civilian at her home in Annadale Flats, Belfast.
- 14 November: The UFF claimed responsibility for killing three Catholic civilians in a gun and grenade attack on a bookmaker's shop on Oldpark Road, Belfast.
- 10 December: The UFF carried out seven firebombFirebombFirebomb may refer to:* Firebombing* Incendiary device* Molotov cocktail* A season 2 episode of the television show Alias* "Fire Bomb", a song by Rihanna from her 2009 album Rated R...
attacks on shops in Dublin, MovilleMovilleMoville is a town and coastal resort on the Inishowen Peninsula of County Donegal, close to the northern tip of Ireland.-Location:...
and Buncrana in the Republic of Ireland. - 13 December: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead Sinn Féin member and former PIRA member Malachy Carey in BallymoneyBallymoneyBallymoney is a small town in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It had a population of 9,021 people in the 2001 Census. It is currently served by Ballymoney Borough Council....
, County Antrim. - 14 December: The UFF claimed responsibility for firing shots at the house of a Sinn Féin member on New Lodge Road, Belfast.
- 31 December: The UFF issued a statement in which it threatened to raise its campaign of violence "to a ferocity never imagined".
References for this year: and
1993
- 14 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a former PIRA member as he sat in a friend's house on Agra Street, Belfast.
- 2 February: The UFF claimed responsibility for planting firebombs outside the homes of two SDLPSocial Democratic and Labour PartyThe Social Democratic and Labour Party is a social-democratic, Irish nationalist political party in Northern Ireland. Its basic party platform advocates Irish reunification, and the further devolution of powers while Northern Ireland remains part of the United Kingdom...
councillors in Belfast. - 23 February: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting three taxi drivers at Castle Court, Belfast.
- 10 March: The PIRA shot dead a UDA member on Century Street, Belfast.
- 15 March: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian as he sat in a van on Quay Road in NewtownabbeyNewtownabbeyNewtownabbey is a large town north of Belfast in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Sometimes considered to be a suburb of Belfast, it is separated from the rest of the city by Cavehill and Fortwilliam golf course...
, County Antrim. - 24 March: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead Sinn Féin member Peter Gallagher at his workplace on Grosvenor Road, Belfast.
- 25 March: Castlerock killings - the UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead three Catholic civilians and a PIRA member at a building site in CastlerockCastlerockCastlerock is a seaside village in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It is situated between Coleraine and Derry and is very popular with summer tourists, having numerous apartment blocks and three caravan sites. Castlerock Golf Club has both 9 and 18-hole links courses bounded by the beach, the...
, County Londonderry. Later in the day, the UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead another Catholic civilian at Dairy Farm Shopping Centre in Belfast. - 5 April: The UDA shot dead one of its former members in PortavogiePortavogiePortavogie is a village, townland and fishing port in County Down, Northern Ireland. It had a population of 1,594 people in the 2001 Census. It lies within the Borough of Ards and is the easternmost settlement in Ireland....
, County Down. Internal dispute. - 30 April: The UFF carried out a gun attack on a bookmaker's shop in Belfast. Five civilians were wounded. One of the rifles jammed and this likely saved their lives.
- 1 May: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead Sinn Féin member and former PIRA member Alan Lundy at the home of Alex MaskeyAlex MaskeyAlex Maskey is an Irish politician who was the first member of Sinn Féin to serve as Belfast's Lord Mayor. He is Sinn Féin's longest sitting councillor and is currently an MLA for South Belfast as well as being a councillor for the Laganbank area of Belfast.-Early life:Maskey was educated at St...
in Belfast. - 2 June: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian whilst he drove a lorry in ComberComberComber is a small town in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies 5 miles south of Newtownards, at the northern end of Strangford Lough. It had a population of 8,933 people in the 2001 Census. Comber is part of the Borough of Ards...
, County Down. - 27 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for exploding a bomb at the home of an SDLP councillor in Newtownabbey.
- 8 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian in an attack on the home of Sinn Féin councillor Bobby Lavery in Belfast.
- 11 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for detonating a bomb under a car on Saintfield Road, Belfast. A husband and wife were hurt.
- 30 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at her home on Fortwilliam Park, Belfast.
- 3 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Finaghy Park Central, Belfast.
- 7 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his barber shop on Donegall Road, Belfast.
- 9 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for bombing the home of republican Gino Gallagher on Farham Street, Belfast.
- 21 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for detonating small bombs at the homes of four SDLP councillors.
- 23 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting a Catholic man at Ava Park, Belfast.
- 6 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for a gun attack on Derby House Bar on Stewartstown Road, Belfast. One Catholic civilian was killed and two wounded. The UFF said it had intended to kill more people but the gun jammed.
- 8 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for a gun attack on a Falls Road taxi that wounded six Catholic passengers.
- 14 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting a taxi in west Belfast, wounding one woman. It also claimed responsibility for firing shots through the window of a house in Mountpottinger, Belfast.
- 15 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian on Newington Avenue, Belfast.
- 19 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting a Catholic security guard at a hotel in south Belfast.
- 23 October: A UDA member and eight Protestant civilians were killed when a PIRA bomb prematurely explodedShankill Road bombingThe Shankill Road bombing was carried out by the Provisional Irish Republican Army on 23 October 1993 and is one of the most notorious incidents of the Troubles in Northern Ireland. The Provisional IRA's intended target was a meeting of loyalist paramilitary leaders, which was to take place above...
in a fish shop on Shankill Road, Belfast. The PIRA's intended target was a meeting of UDA leaders that was scheduled to take place above the shop. - 23 October: The UDA shot a Catholic delivery driver after luring him to a bogus call at Vernon Court, Belfast. He died on 25 October 1993. This was believed to be revenge for the Shankill Road bombing.
- 26 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead two Catholic civilians and wounding five in an attack on the Council Depot at Kennedy Way, Belfast. It also claimed responsibility for a gun attack on Ballymac Bar near Lisburn.
- 27 October: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting a Catholic man at his parents home in Braniel, Belfast.
- 30 October: Greysteel massacreGreysteel massacreThe Greysteel massacre took place on the evening of 30 October 1993 in Greysteel, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. Three members of the Ulster Defence Association , a loyalist paramilitary group, attacked a crowded pub with firearms, killing eight civilians and wounding thirteen...
- the UFF claimed responsibility for a gun attack on the Rising Sun Bar in GreysteelGreysteelGreysteel or Gresteel is a village in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It lies to the east of Derry and to the west of Limavady on the main A2 coast road between Limavady and Derry, overlooking Lough Foyle...
, County Londonderry. One gunman was heard to shout "trick or treatTrick or TreatTrick or Treat is a 1952 American animated short film produced by Walt Disney Productions and released by RKO Radio Pictures. The cartoon, which takes place on Halloween night, follows a series of pranks between Donald Duck and his nephews Huey, Dewey, and Louie who are aided by Witch Hazel...
!" before he fired into the crowded room, a reference to the HalloweenHalloweenHallowe'en , also known as Halloween or All Hallows' Eve, is a yearly holiday observed around the world on October 31, the night before All Saints' Day...
party taking place. Eight civilians (six Catholics, two Protestants) were killed and twelve wounded. The UFF claimed that it had attacked the "nationalist electorate" in revenge for the Shankill Road bombing of 23 October 1993. - 30 November: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his workplace in Dundonald, County Down.
- 5 December: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead two Catholic civilians (one of whom was a child) as they sat in a car on Ligoniel Road, Belfast.
- 7 December: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Hillview Avenue, Belfast.
- 13 December: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Protestant civilian at a flat on Boundary Walk, Belfast. It claimed he was an informer.
References for this year: and
1994
- 2 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for firing about thirty shots at the home of Alex MaskeyAlex MaskeyAlex Maskey is an Irish politician who was the first member of Sinn Féin to serve as Belfast's Lord Mayor. He is Sinn Féin's longest sitting councillor and is currently an MLA for South Belfast as well as being a councillor for the Laganbank area of Belfast.-Early life:Maskey was educated at St...
, then a Sinn Féin councillor. - 4 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for sending two parcel bombs to the Sinn Féin and An PhoblachtAn PhoblachtAn Phoblacht is the official newspaper of Sinn Féin in Ireland. It is published once a month, and according to its website sells an average of up to 15,000 copies every month and was the first Irish paper to provide an edition online and currently having in excess of 100,000 website hits per...
offices in Dublin. Two members of a bomb disposal team were wounded when one of the devices exploded. - 6 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting and wounding a Catholic civilian in west Belfast.
- 8 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for a rocket and gun attack on a pub on the Falls Road in Belfast, which wounded three people.
- 16 January: The Sunday Independent (Dublin based newspaper) contained a story about an alleged UDA plan to carry out "ethnic cleansingEthnic cleansingEthnic cleansing is a purposeful policy designed by one ethnic or religious group to remove by violent and terror-inspiring means the civilian population of another ethnic orreligious group from certain geographic areas....
". The plan involved the repartition of Northern IrelandRepartition of IrelandThe repartition of Ireland has been suggested as a possible solution to the Troubles. It implies that the essential problem was that the partition of Ireland was gerrymandered, and as a result Northern Ireland contains a large Irish nationalist minority...
followed by the forced removal of Catholics from the remaining area.- 24 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for planting firebombs at a school in DundalkDundalkDundalk is the county town of County Louth in Ireland. It is situated where the Castletown River flows into Dundalk Bay. The town is close to the border with Northern Ireland and equi-distant from Dublin and Belfast. The town's name, which was historically written as Dundalgan, has associations...
and a postal sorting office in Dublin. - 27 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian in his lodgings on Candahar Street, Belfast.
- 11 February: The UFF claimed responsibility for gun attacks on the homes of two SDLP members, which wounded one.
- 12 February: The UFF claimed responsibility for a rocket attack on the headquarters of Sinn Féin in west Belfast.
- 18 February: The UFF claimed responsibility for a gun attack on the Sinn Féin headquarters in west Belfast, which wounded three workmen.
- 29 March: The UFF claimed responsibility for a rocket and gun attack on the Sinn Féin office on Falls Road, Belfast.
- 31 March: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting three Catholic workmen in the Braniel area of Belfast.
- 14 April: The UFF claimed responsibility for killing a Catholic civilian during a gun attack on her home on Balfour Avenue, Belfast. Her husband was a Sinn Féin member. It also claimed responsibility for shooting a Catholic civilian and his disabled son as they said prayers in north Belfast.
- 18 April: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting a man in the face on Newtownards Road, Belfast.
- 26 April: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Lepper Street, Belfast.
- 27 April: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian as he sat in a taxi on Springfield Park, Belfast.
- 30 April: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting a Catholic security guard in Newtownabbey.
- 12 May: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his relative's house on Crumlin Road, Belfast.
- 8 June: The UFF claimed responsibility for firing a rocket at Monahan's pub in the docks area Belfast. The RUC fired shots at the attackers as they fled. It also claimed responsibility for planting a firebomb at a snooker club in Trim, County MeathTrim, County MeathTrim is the traditional county town of County Meath in Ireland, although the county town is now Navan. The town was recorded in the 2006 census to have a population of 6,870....
, Republic of Ireland. - 16 June: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting a Catholic man at the Falls Road/Donegall Road junction, Belfast.
- 9 July: A Catholic civilian was found shot dead at Killymoon Golf Club in CookstownCookstownCookstown may refer to either of the following:*Cookstown, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland*Cookstown, Ontario, Canada*Cookstown, New Jersey, United States...
, County Tyrone. The UFF claimed responsibility. - 11 July: The PIRA shot dead UDA and Ulster Democratic PartyUlster Democratic PartyThe Ulster Democratic Party was a small loyalist political party in Northern Ireland. It was established in June 1981 as the Ulster Loyalist Democratic Party by the Ulster Defence Association to replace their New Ulster Political Research Group...
(UDP) member Raymond Smallwoods outside his home in Lisburn. - 15 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting a Catholic man in Dromore, County Down.
- 17 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for a gun attack on John Loy's pub in AnnacloneAnnacloneAnnaclone is a hamlet and parish between Rathfriland and Banbridge in south County Down, Northern Ireland. It was the birthplace of Patrick Bronte, father to the famous Bronte novelists, which has led to the area of southern Annaclone becoming known as 'The Bronte Homeland'...
, County Down. Those inside were watching the 1994 FIFA World Cup Final1994 FIFA World Cup FinalThe 1994 FIFA World Cup Final took place in Rose Bowl, Pasadena, California, United States. Brazil won the World Cup against Italy on a penalty shootout after the score was 0–0. This was Brazil's fourth World Cup title. It was also the first ever World Cup final to be decided by a penalty...
. Seven Catholic civilians were wounded. - 22 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his friend's house on Camross Park in Newtownabbey, County Antrim.
- 25 July: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting a Catholic workman in north Belfast.
- 31 July: The PIRA shot dead two UDA members on Ormeau Road, Belfast.
- 24 January: The UFF claimed responsibility for planting firebombs at a school in Dundalk
- 2 August: A meeting was held by representatives of the UDA and UVF. At that meeting it was decided that loyalist paramilitaries would continue attacking Catholic civilians regardless of any future PIRA ceasefire.
- 3 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting a Catholic workman on Woodvale Road, Belfast.
- 10 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian security guard at a supermarket at Orby Link, Belfast.
- 11 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his workplace on William Street in LurganLurganLurgan is a town in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. The town is near the southern shore of Lough Neagh and in the north-eastern corner of the county. Part of the Craigavon Borough Council area, Lurgan is about 18 miles south-west of Belfast and is linked to the city by both the M1 motorway...
, County Armagh. - 14 August: A Catholic civilian was found shot dead on waste ground off Ottawa Street, Belfast. The UFF claimed responsibility.
- 1 September: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian outside his friend's house on Skegoneill Avenue, Belfast.
- 13 October: The Combined Loyalist Military CommandCombined Loyalist Military CommandThe Combined Loyalist Military Command was an umbrella body for loyalist paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland set up in the early 1990s, recalling the earlier Ulster Army Council and Ulster Loyalist Central Co-ordinating Committee....
(CLMC), speaking on behalf of all Loyalist paramilitaries, announced a ceasefire as from midnight. It stated that "The permanence of our cease-fire will be completely dependent upon the continued cessation of all nationalist/republican violence".
References for this year: and
1997
- 11 June: The UDA shot dead a former member and part of the "Shankill ButchersShankill ButchersThe Shankill Butchers is the name given to an Ulster loyalist gang, many of whom were members of the Ulster Volunteer Force . The gang conducted paramilitary activities during the 1970s in Belfast, Northern Ireland. It was most notorious for its late-night kidnapping, torture and murder of random...
" group on Woodvale Road, Belfast. It was believed to be retaliation for his part in the murder of a UDA member in the 1970s. - 7 July: UDA/UFF leader Brian Morton died when a bomb he was holding prematurely exploded at a UDA arms dump by the River Lagan Towpath in DunmurryDunmurryDunmurry is an urban townland, in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Located between Belfast and Lisburn, it was once a rural village, but is now within the Greater Belfast conurbation...
. - 31 December: The UDA/UFF was blamed for a gun attack on Clifton Tavern, Cliftonville Road, Belfast. One Catholic civilian was killed and five were wounded. Although the Loyalist Volunteer ForceLoyalist Volunteer ForceThe Loyalist Volunteer Force is a loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland. It was formed by Billy Wright in 1996 when he and the Portadown unit of the Ulster Volunteer Force's Mid-Ulster Brigade was stood down by the UVF leadership. He had been the commander of the Mid-Ulster Brigade. The...
(LVF) claimed responsibility, the RUC believed that UDA/UFF members took part.
References for this year: and
1998
- 19 January: UDA/UFF leader Jim Guiney was shot dead by the Irish National Liberation ArmyIrish National Liberation ArmyThe Irish National Liberation Army or INLA is an Irish republican socialist paramilitary group that was formed on 8 December 1974. Its goal is to remove Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom and create a socialist united Ireland....
(INLA) in Dunmurry. Later that day, the UDA/UFF was blamed for shooting dead a Catholic civilian as he sat in his taxi on Ormeau Road, Belfast. Although the LVF claimed responsibility, the RUC believed that UDA/UFF members took part. - 21 January: The UDA/UFF was blamed for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his workplace on Utility Street, Belfast.
- 22 January: The UFF issued a statement saying that it was reinstating its ceasefire following a "measured military response". The statement was seen as an admission that the UDA/UFF had been responsible for the recent killings.
- 26 January: The UDP was expelled from the multi-party talks.
- 10 February: The PIRA was blamed for shooting dead a leading UDA member as he sat in his car on Station View, Dunmurry.
- 24 April: The UDA/UFF issued a statement in support of the Belfast AgreementBelfast AgreementThe Good Friday Agreement or Belfast Agreement , sometimes called the Stormont Agreement, was a major political development in the Northern Ireland peace process...
, saying that it would not lead to a united IrelandUnited IrelandA united Ireland is the term used to refer to the idea of a sovereign state which covers all of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland. The island of Ireland includes the territory of two independent sovereign states: the Republic of Ireland, which covers 26 counties of the island, and the...
.
References for this year: and
1999
- 10 December: Five masked men representing the UFF held a meeting with the Independent International Commission on DecommissioningIndependent International Commission on DecommissioningThe Independent International Commission on Decommissioning was established to oversee the decommissioning of paramilitary weapons in Northern Ireland, as part of the peace process.-Legislation and organisation:...
(IICD). The five men were: Johnny Adair, John GreggJohn Gregg (UDA)John Gregg was a senior member of the UDA/UFF loyalist organisation in Northern Ireland. From the 1990s until his shooting death by rival associates, he served as brigadier of its South East Antrim Brigade...
, Jackie McDonaldJackie McDonaldJohn "Jackie" McDonald is a senior Northern Irish loyalist and the incumbent Ulster Defence Association brigadier for South Belfast, having been promoted to the rank by former UDA commander Andy Tyrie in 1988, following John McMichael's killing by the Provisional IRA in December 1987...
, John WhiteJohn White (loyalist)John White is a former leading loyalist in Northern Ireland. He was sometimes known by the nickname 'Coco'. White was a leading figure in the loyalist paramilitary Ulster Defence Association and, following a prison sentence for murder, entered politics as a central figure in the Ulster Democratic...
and William "Winkie" DoddsWilliam "Winkie" DoddsWilliam "Winkie" Dodds is a Northern Irish loyalist activist. He was a leading member of the West Belfast Brigade of the Ulster Defence Association and for a number of years a close ally of Johnny Adair...
.
2000
- 12 July: A UDA member shot dead an Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) member attending Eleventh nightEleventh nightIn Northern Ireland, the Eleventh Night or 11th Night refers to the night before the Twelfth of July, an annual Protestant commemoration of the Battle of the Boyne . On this night, many Protestant, unionist and loyalist communities in Northern Ireland light bonfires...
celebrations in Larne. - 21 August: The UVF shot dead two UDA members sitting in a jeep on Crumlin Road, Belfast. Loyalist feud.
- 23 August: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a UVF member on Summer Street, Belfast. Loyalist feud.
- 28 October: The UVF shot dead a UDA member on Mountcollyer Street, Belfast. Loyalist feud.
- 31 October: The UDA shot dead a Progressive Unionist PartyProgressive Unionist PartyThe Progressive Unionist Party is a small unionist political party in Northern Ireland. It was formed from the Independent Unionist Group operating in the Shankill area of Belfast, becoming the PUP in 1979...
(PUP) member on Canning Street, Belfast. Loyalist feud. - 31 October: The UVF shot dead a UDA member in Newtownabbey. Loyalist feud.
- 1 November: The UDA shot dead a UVF member in Newtownabbey. Loyalist feud.
- 15 December: The UDA and UVF issued a statement to announce an "open-ended and all-encompassing cessation of hostilities". This marked the end of the loyalist feud which had begun in July.
- 18 December: The UDA shot dead one of its own members at Tynedale Gardens, Belfast. Internal dispute.
References for this year: and
2001
- 6 January: The UDA stabbed-to-death one of its own members at near CarryduffCarryduffCarryduff is a small town and townland in County Down, Northern Ireland, about south of Belfast city centre. It had a population of 6,595 people in the 2001 Census....
. Internal dispute. - 31 March: Members of the Ulster Young MilitantsUlster Young MilitantsThe Ulster Young Militants are considered to be the youth wing of the Ulster Defence Association, a loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland. Commonly known as the Young Militants or UYM, the group formed in 1974 when the Troubles were at their height...
(UYM), the UDA's youth wing, beat-to-death a Protestant civilian in Newtownabbey. The Police Service of Northern IrelandPolice Service of Northern IrelandThe Police Service of Northern Ireland is the police force that serves Northern Ireland. It is the successor to the Royal Ulster Constabulary which, in turn, was the successor to the Royal Irish Constabulary in Northern Ireland....
(PSNI) said that they believed it was a sectarian attack and that the UYM members thought he was a Catholic.
- 15 August: Sinn Féin released a report containing details of what the party claimed was more than 180 sectarian attacks carried out since January by the UDA/UFF.
- 18 August: The UDA held a parade down Shankill Road in Belfast. The march involved about 15,000 members of the group, about 100 masked men, and 16 bands. The event was held to commemorate Jackie Coulter, who was shot dead during the loyalist feud in 2000.
- 27 September: Ronnie FlanaganRonnie FlanaganSir Ronald Flanagan, GBE, QPM, was the Home Office Chief Inspector of Constabulary for the United Kingdom excluding Scotland...
, then Chief Constable of the PSNI, stated in an interview on the BBC that the UDA was involved in the most recent rioting in north Belfast.
- 12 October: John Reid, then Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, announced that he was "specifying" the UDA/UFF and LVF. This meant that the British government considered their ceasefires to be at an end.
- 11 November: A UYM member was killed when the pipe bombPipe bombA pipe bomb is an improvised explosive device, a tightly sealed section of pipe filled with an explosive material. The containment provided by the pipe means that simple low explosives can be used to produce a relatively large explosion, and the fragmentation of the pipe itself creates potentially...
he was carrying exploded prematurly during rioting on North Queen Street, Belfast.
- 11 November: A UYM member was killed when the pipe bomb
- 28 November: It was announced that the Ulster Democratic PartyUlster Democratic PartyThe Ulster Democratic Party was a small loyalist political party in Northern Ireland. It was established in June 1981 as the Ulster Loyalist Democratic Party by the Ulster Defence Association to replace their New Ulster Political Research Group...
(UDP) had been dissolved.
References for this year: and
2002
- 3 January: A UDA member died when a pipe bombPipe bombA pipe bomb is an improvised explosive device, a tightly sealed section of pipe filled with an explosive material. The containment provided by the pipe means that simple low explosives can be used to produce a relatively large explosion, and the fragmentation of the pipe itself creates potentially...
prematurely exploded in a derelict house on Winston Way, ColeraineColeraineColeraine is a large town near the mouth of the River Bann in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It is northwest of Belfast and east of Derry, both of which are linked by major roads and railway connections...
. The PSNI believed that the house may have been used by the UDA to store explosives. - 12 January: A Catholic civilian was shot dead as he arrived for work at a postal sorting office in Newtownabbey. The Red Hand DefendersRed Hand DefendersThe Red Hand Defenders is a loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland. It was formed in 1998 by loyalists who opposed the Belfast Agreement and the loyalist ceasefires. Its members were drawn mostly from the Ulster Defence Association and Loyalist Volunteer Force...
(RHD) claimed responsibility, but the UDA later admitted that its members had been involved. - 21 July: A Catholic civilian was shot dead as he walked home on Floral Road, Belfast. Earlier in the evening, a Protestant had been shot and wounded on Alliance Avenue. The RHD claimed responsibility and said that the killing was a "measured response" to that attack. However, the UDA later admitted that its members had been involved.
- 25 September: Johnny AdairJohnny AdairJonathan Adair, better known as Johnny "Mad Dog" Adair is the former leader of the "C Company", 2nd Battalion Shankill Road, West Belfast Brigade of the "Ulster Freedom Fighters" . This was a cover name used by the Ulster Defence Association , an Ulster loyalist paramilitary organisation...
and John WhiteJohn White (loyalist)John White is a former leading loyalist in Northern Ireland. He was sometimes known by the nickname 'Coco'. White was a leading figure in the loyalist paramilitary Ulster Defence Association and, following a prison sentence for murder, entered politics as a central figure in the Ulster Democratic...
are expelled from the UDA following allegations that they were engaging in criminality such as drug dealing.- 4 October: UDA members shot dead a Protestant civilian on Ravenhill Avenue, Belfast. The killing may have been part of a loyalist feud.
- 1 December: UDA members were blamed for shooting dead a Protestant civilian at his home in BallygowanBallygowanBallygowan is a village and townland in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is within the Borough of Ards. The town of Comber is a short distance to the north-east, the town of Saintfield to the south, and the city of Belfast a further distance to the north-west. It had a population of 2,671 people...
. The media reported that the killing may have been the result of a dispute with a senior UDA figure in Belfast. - 27 December: UDA members shot dead a Protestant civilian in a house on Manor Street, Belfast.
References for this year:
2003
- 2 January: The UDA shot dead one of its own members at Kimberly Bar, Belfast. Internal dispute.
- 19 January: UDA members shot dead a Protestant civilian at a house in BangorBangor, County DownBangor is a large town in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is a seaside resort on the southern side of Belfast Lough and within the Belfast Metropolitan Area. Bangor Marina is one of the largest in Ireland, and holds Blue Flag status...
. The motive is unclear. - 1 February: Two UDA members (John GreggJohn Gregg (UDA)John Gregg was a senior member of the UDA/UFF loyalist organisation in Northern Ireland. From the 1990s until his shooting death by rival associates, he served as brigadier of its South East Antrim Brigade...
and Rob Carson) were shot dead by other UDA members as they travelled in a taxi through Belfast. Internal dispute. The killing was widely blamed on Johnny Adair's "C Company", as Gregg was one of those who had organised the expulsion of Adair from the UDA.
- 6 February: About twenty Adair supporters fled their homes to ScotlandScotlandScotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
following intimidation and death threats.- 28 May: The UDA shot dead one of its own members and left his body near Aughnabrack Road, Belfast. Internal dispute.
- 20 November: UDA members beat-to-death a Catholic civilian on Hancock Street, Lisburn.
References for this year:
2004
- 19 September: UDA members were blamed for attacking a man working at a disco in Newtownabbey. It is suspected that the motive for the killing was that the man tried to stop the UDA from selling drugs at the disco. He went into a coma and died on 18 March 2005.
References for this year:
2006
- 24 November: UDA member Michael StoneMichael Stone (loyalist paramilitary)Michael Stone is a Northern Irish loyalist who was a volunteer in the Ulster Defence Association . Stone was born in England but raised in the Braniel estate in East Belfast, Northern Ireland. Convicted of killing three people and injuring more than sixty in an attack on mourners at Milltown...
was arrested for breaking into the Stormont parliament buildings while armed in an attempted assassination of Sinn Féin leaders Gerry AdamsGerry AdamsGerry Adams is an Irish republican politician and Teachta Dála for the constituency of Louth. From 1983 to 1992 and from 1997 to 2011, he was an abstentionist Westminster Member of Parliament for Belfast West. He is the president of Sinn Féin, the second largest political party in Northern...
and Martin McGuiness.
2007
- 11 November: The UDA/UFF issued a statement declaring an end to its armed campaign. The statement noted that they would retain their weapons but put them "beyond use".
2009
- 24 May: UDA members were blamed for the murder of Catholic civilian Kevin McDaidKevin McDaid (murder victim)Kevin Brendan McDaid was a community worker in Coleraine, Northern Ireland who was killed by a mob outside his home in May 2009. The Police Service of Northern Ireland said the attack was sectarian, and a local councillor claimed that the Ulster Defence Association was involved. His wife Evelyn was...
, who was beaten-to-death in Coleraine.
See also
- Timeline of Ulster Volunteer Force actionsTimeline of Ulster Volunteer Force actionsThis is a timeline of actions by the Ulster Volunteer Force , a loyalist paramilitary group formed in 1966. It includes actions carried out by the Red Hand Commando , a group integrated into the UVF shortly after their formation in 1972. It also includes attacks claimed by the Protestant Action...
- Timeline of Orange Volunteers actions
- Timeline of Provisional Irish Republican Army actions
- Timeline of Irish National Liberation Army actions
- Timeline of Real Irish Republican Army actions
- Timeline of Continuity Irish Republican Army actions
- Timeline of Ulster Defence Regiment operations
- Timeline of the Northern Ireland Troubles