1456 The University of Greifswald is established, making it the second oldest university in northern Europe (also for a period the oldest in Sweden, and Prussia)
1701 Frederick I becomes King of Prussia.
1740 Maria Theresa takes the throne of Austria. France, Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony refuse to honour the Pragmatic Sanction and the War of the Austrian Succession begins.
1741 War of the Austrian Succession: Prussia defeats Austria in the Battle of Mollwitz.
1757 Battle of Kolín between Prussian forces under Frederick the Great and an Austrian army under the command of Field Marshal Count Leopold Joseph von Daun in the Seven Years' War.
1758 Seven Years' War: Austria defeats Prussia at the Battle of Hochkirk
1762 Russia and Prussia sign the Treaty of St. Petersburg.
1762 Sweden and Prussia sign the Treaty of Hamburg.
1793 Second Partition of Poland: Russia and Prussia partition Poland for the second time.
1793 Prussia re-conquers Mainz from France.
1794 The Battle of the Vosges is fought between French forces and those of Prussia and Austria.
1795 Partitions of Poland: The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is completely divided among Austria, Prussia, and Russia
1806 Prussia declares war on France.
1806 Battle of Jena-Auerstädt France defeats Prussia
1813 Napoleon Bonaparte leads his French troops into the Battle of Bautzen in Saxony, Germany, against the combined armies of Russia and Prussia. The battle ends the next day with a French victory.
1813 French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte defeats a larger force of Austrians, Russians, and Prussians at the Battle of Dresden.
1813 Battle of Kulm: French forces are defeated by an Austrian-Prussian-Russian alliance.
1814 France defeats Russia and Prussia in the Battle of Brienne.
1815 Austria, the United Kingdom, and France form a secret defensive alliance treaty against Prussia and Russia.
1850 The treaty, Punctation of Olmütz, signed in Olomouc means diplomatic capitulation of Prussia to Austrian Empire, which took over the leadership of German Confederation.
1864 Second war of Schleswig ends. Denmark renounces all claim to Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg, which come under Prussian and Austrian administration.
1866 Italy and Prussia ally against Austrian Empire.
1866 Austro-Prussian War is decided at the Battle of Königgratz, resulting in Prussia taking over as the prominent German nation from Austria.
1870 Franco-Prussian War: France declares war on Prussia.
1871 The victorious Prussian Army parades though Paris, France after the end of the Siege of Paris during the Franco-Prussian War.
1906 The Captain of Köpenick fools the city hall of Köpenick and several soldiers by impersonating a Prussian officer.
1947 State of Prussia ceases to exist.