1450s in England
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 1450s in England: |
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| 1430s 1430s in England Events from the 1430s in England.-Events:* 1430** 23 May - Hundred Years' War: Following the Siege of Compiègne, Joan of Arc is captured and imprisoned.... | 1440s 1440s in England Events from the 1440s in England.-Events:* 1440** 7 July - Hundred Years' War: John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury recaptures Harfleur from the French.** 12 September - King Henry VI founds Eton College.* 1441... | 1450s | 1460s 1460s in England Events from the 1460s in England.-Events:* 1460** 15 January - French raid Sandwich, Kent and capture the royal fleet.** 10 July - Wars of the Roses: At the Battle of Northampton, Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick and Edward, Earl of March defeat a Lancastrian army and seize King Henry VI.** 10... | 1470s 1470s in England Events from the 1470s in England.-Incumbents:Monarch - King Edward IV , King Henry VI , King Edward IV-Events:* 1470... |
Events from the 1450s in England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
.
Events
- 1450
- 7 February - John de la PoleJohn de la Pole, 2nd Duke of SuffolkJohn de la Pole, 2nd Duke of Suffolk, KG , known as "the Trimming Duke". He was the son of William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk and Alice Chaucer, daughter of Thomas Chaucer.-Life:...
marries Lady Margaret Beaufort. - 15 April - Hundred Years' WarHundred Years' WarThe Hundred Years' War was a series of separate wars waged from 1337 to 1453 by the House of Valois and the House of Plantagenet, also known as the House of Anjou, for the French throne, which had become vacant upon the extinction of the senior Capetian line of French kings...
: FrenchFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
defeat the English at the Battle of FormignyBattle of FormignyThe Battle of Formigny was a battle of the Hundred Years' War fought between England and France. It was a decisive victory for the French.- Background :...
. - 3 May - Execution of William de la Pole, 1st Duke of SuffolkWilliam de la Pole, 1st Duke of SuffolkWilliam de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk, KG , nicknamed Jack Napes , was an important English soldier and commander in the Hundred Years' War, and later Lord Chamberlain of England.He also appears prominently in William Shakespeare's Henry VI, part 1 and Henry VI, part 2 and other...
taking the blame for English losses in the Hundred Years' War. - 6 June–12 July - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Jack CadeJack CadeJack Cade was the leader of a popular revolt in the 1450 Kent rebellion during the reign of King Henry VI in England. He died on the 12th July 1450 near Lewes. In response to grievances, Cade led an army of as many as 5,000 against London, causing the King to flee to Warwickshire. After taking and...
leads a rebellion in KentKentKent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of...
and SussexSussexSussex , from the Old English Sūþsēaxe , is an historic county in South East England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex. It is bounded on the north by Surrey, east by Kent, south by the English Channel, and west by Hampshire, and is divided for local government into West...
against war taxes. - 12 August - Hundred Year's War: Cherbourg surrenders to the FrenchFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, allowing France to take control of all of NormandyNormandyNormandy is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. It is in France.The continental territory covers 30,627 km² and forms the preponderant part of Normandy and roughly 5% of the territory of France. It is divided for administrative purposes into two régions:...
. - September - Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of YorkRichard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of YorkRichard Plantagenêt, 3rd Duke of York, 6th Earl of March, 4th Earl of Cambridge, and 7th Earl of Ulster, conventionally called Richard of York was a leading English magnate, great-grandson of King Edward III...
marches an army to London and attacks alleged traitors in the royal government. - Extension of Great Malvern PrioryGreat Malvern PrioryGreat Malvern Priory in Malvern, Worcestershire, England, was a Benedictine monastery c.1075-1540 and is now an Anglican parish church.-History:...
begins, with exceptional stained glassStained glassThe term stained glass can refer to coloured glass as a material or to works produced from it. Throughout its thousand-year history, the term has been applied almost exclusively to the windows of churches and other significant buildings...
windows.
- 7 February - John de la Pole
- 1451
- June - At the insistence of Parliament, Henry cancels all land grants made during his reign.
- 30 June - Hundred Years' War: BordeauxBordeauxBordeaux is a port city on the Garonne River in the Gironde department in southwestern France.The Bordeaux-Arcachon-Libourne metropolitan area, has a population of 1,010,000 and constitutes the sixth-largest urban area in France. It is the capital of the Aquitaine region, as well as the prefecture...
surrenders to the French. - 21 August - Hundred Years' War: BayonneBayonneBayonne is a city and commune in south-western France at the confluence of the Nive and Adour rivers, in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, of which it is a sub-prefecture...
surrenders to the French, ending British rule in GasconyGasconyGascony is an area of southwest France that was part of the "Province of Guyenne and Gascony" prior to the French Revolution. The region is vaguely defined and the distinction between Guyenne and Gascony is unclear; sometimes they are considered to overlap, and sometimes Gascony is considered a...
. - September - The Duke of York refuses a royal summons to answer for breaking the peace.
- 1452
- February - The Duke of York calls for armed resistance to King Henry VIHenry VI of EnglandHenry VI was King of England from 1422 to 1461 and again from 1470 to 1471, and disputed King of France from 1422 to 1453. Until 1437, his realm was governed by regents. Contemporaneous accounts described him as peaceful and pious, not suited for the violent dynastic civil wars, known as the Wars...
. - 1–3 March - Supporters of the Duke of York confront the royal army at DartfordDartfordDartford is the principal town in the borough of Dartford. It is situated in the northwest corner of Kent, England, east south-east of central London....
. The Duke yields and is pardoned. - 21 July - John KempJohn KempJohn Kemp was a medieval English cardinal, archbishop of Canterbury, and Lord Chancellor of England.-Biography:Kemp was son of Thomas Kempe, a gentleman of Ollantigh, in the parish of Wye near Ashford, Kent...
enthroned as Archbishop of CanterburyArchbishop of CanterburyThe Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion, and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. In his role as head of the Anglican Communion, the archbishop leads the third largest group...
. - 22 October - Hundred Years' War: John Talbot, 2nd Earl of ShrewsburyJohn Talbot, 2nd Earl of ShrewsburyJohn Talbot, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury, 2nd Earl of Waterford, 8th Baron Talbot, KG was an English nobleman and soldier. He was the son of John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and Maud Nevill, 6th Baroness Furnivall...
re-captures Bordeaux; England regains control of much of Gascony.
- February - The Duke of York calls for armed resistance to King Henry VI
- 1453
- March - Parliament grants Henry generous taxes and condemns past rebels.
- 17 July - Hundred Years' War: At the Battle of CastillonBattle of CastillonThe Battle of Castillon of 1453 was the last battle fought between the French and the English during the Hundred Years' War. It resulted in a decisive French victory.-Context:...
, the FrenchFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
under Jean BureauJean BureauJean Bureau was the Master Gunner of the French artillery under Charles VII during the final years of the Hundred Year's War. Bureau was born in Champagne, but later moved to Paris, where he worked for the English government during the occupation. In 1439 Charles VII made Bureau master of...
defeat the English under the Earl of ShrewsburyJohn Talbot, 1st Earl of ShrewsburyJohn Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and 1st Earl of Waterford KG , known as "Old Talbot" was an important English military commander during the Hundred Years' War, as well as the only Lancastrian Constable of France.-Origins:He was descended from Richard Talbot, a tenant in 1086 of Walter Giffard...
, who is killed. - July - The KingHenry VI of EnglandHenry VI was King of England from 1422 to 1461 and again from 1470 to 1471, and disputed King of France from 1422 to 1453. Until 1437, his realm was governed by regents. Contemporaneous accounts described him as peaceful and pious, not suited for the violent dynastic civil wars, known as the Wars...
becomes mentally unstable; his cousin Richard, Duke of YorkRichard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of YorkRichard Plantagenêt, 3rd Duke of York, 6th Earl of March, 4th Earl of Cambridge, and 7th Earl of Ulster, conventionally called Richard of York was a leading English magnate, great-grandson of King Edward III...
acts as regent. - 24 August - Fighting in the north between the families of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of WarwickRichard Neville, 16th Earl of WarwickRichard Neville KG, jure uxoris 16th Earl of Warwick and suo jure 6th Earl of Salisbury and 8th and 5th Baron Montacute , known as Warwick the Kingmaker, was an English nobleman, administrator, and military commander...
and the Earls of Northumberland. - 19 October - The Hundred Years' War comes to a close, with the French recapture of Bordeaux leaving the English retaining only CalaisCalaisCalais is a town in Northern France in the department of Pas-de-Calais, of which it is a sub-prefecture. Although Calais is by far the largest city in Pas-de-Calais, the department's capital is its third-largest city of Arras....
on French soil.
- 1454
- 15 March - Edward of WestminsterEdward of WestminsterEdward of Westminster , also known as Edward of Lancaster, was the only son of King Henry VI of England and Margaret of Anjou...
invested as Prince of WalesPrince of WalesPrince of Wales is a title traditionally granted to the heir apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the 15 other independent Commonwealth realms...
. - 23 April - Thomas Bourchier enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury, an office he will hold for almost 32 years.
- June - The Duke of York suppresses a rebellion led by Henry Holland, 3rd Duke of ExeterHenry Holland, 3rd Duke of ExeterHenry Holland, 3rd Duke of Exeter was a Lancastrian leader during the English Wars of the Roses. He was the only son of John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter and his first wife Lady Anne Stafford. His maternal grandparents were Edmund Stafford, 5th Earl of Stafford and Anne of Gloucester.He inherited...
in the north of England. - December - Henry VI recovers from his mental instability; the Duke of York is dismissed as regent.
- 15 March - Edward of Westminster
- 1455
- May - Garrison at CalaisCalaisCalais is a town in Northern France in the department of Pas-de-Calais, of which it is a sub-prefecture. Although Calais is by far the largest city in Pas-de-Calais, the department's capital is its third-largest city of Arras....
mutinies over pay arrears. - 22 May - Wars of the RosesWars of the RosesThe Wars of the Roses were a series of dynastic civil wars for the throne of England fought between supporters of two rival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: the houses of Lancaster and York...
: Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York defeats the army of Henry VI at the First Battle of St AlbansFirst Battle of St AlbansThe First Battle of St Albans, fought on 22 May 1455 at St Albans, 22 miles north of London, traditionally marks the beginning of the Wars of the Roses. Richard, Duke of York and his ally, Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, defeated the Lancastrians under Edmund, Duke of Somerset, who was killed...
; Henry is captured. - 19 November - The Duke of York is reinstated as regent.
- November–December - Rioting and rebellion in DevonDevonDevon is a large county in southwestern England. The county is sometimes referred to as Devonshire, although the term is rarely used inside the county itself as the county has never been officially "shired", it often indicates a traditional or historical context.The county shares borders with...
. - Earliest known reference to knittingKnittingKnitting is a method by which thread or yarn may be turned into cloth or other fine crafts. Knitted fabric consists of consecutive rows of loops, called stitches. As each row progresses, a new loop is pulled through an existing loop. The active stitches are held on a needle until another loop can...
in England.
- May - Garrison at Calais
- 1456
- 25 February - Richard of York dismissed as regent for the second time.
- April - Calais mutiny ends when wool merchants agree to back the garrison's pay.
- 17 August - Court moves to CoventryCoventryCoventry is a city and metropolitan borough in the county of West Midlands in England. Coventry is the 9th largest city in England and the 11th largest in the United Kingdom. It is also the second largest city in the English Midlands, after Birmingham, with a population of 300,848, although...
; Kenilworth CastleKenilworth CastleKenilworth Castle is located in the town of the same name in Warwickshire, England. Constructed from Norman through to Tudor times, the castle has been described by architectural historian Anthony Emery as "the finest surviving example of a semi-royal palace of the later middle ages, significant...
strengthened as the King's principal residence.
- 1457
- 1 January - Osmund of Salisbury (d. 1099) is canonisedCanonizationCanonization is the act by which a Christian church declares a deceased person to be a saint, upon which declaration the person is included in the canon, or list, of recognized saints. Originally, individuals were recognized as saints without any formal process...
, the last English saintSaintA saint is a holy person. In various religions, saints are people who are believed to have exceptional holiness.In Christian usage, "saint" refers to any believer who is "in Christ", and in whom Christ dwells, whether in heaven or in earth...
created until the 20th century. His remains are translated from Old SarumOld SarumOld Sarum is the site of the earliest settlement of Salisbury, in England. The site contains evidence of human habitation as early as 3000 BC. Old Sarum is mentioned in some of the earliest records in the country...
to Salisbury CathedralSalisbury CathedralSalisbury Cathedral, formally known as the Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, is an Anglican cathedral in Salisbury, England, considered one of the leading examples of Early English architecture....
on 23 July. - 28 August - FrenchFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
raiders sack Sandwich, KentSandwich, KentSandwich is a historic town and civil parish on the River Stour in the Non-metropolitan district of Dover, within the ceremonial county of Kent, south-east England. It has a population of 6,800....
.
- 1 January - Osmund of Salisbury (d. 1099) is canonised
- 1458
- 25 March - Formal reconciliation between Yorkists and Lancastrians at St Paul's CathedralSt Paul's CathedralSt Paul's Cathedral, London, is a Church of England cathedral and seat of the Bishop of London. Its dedication to Paul the Apostle dates back to the original church on this site, founded in AD 604. St Paul's sits at the top of Ludgate Hill, the highest point in the City of London, and is the mother...
, London. - May - Richard Neville, 16th Earl of WarwickRichard Neville, 16th Earl of WarwickRichard Neville KG, jure uxoris 16th Earl of Warwick and suo jure 6th Earl of Salisbury and 8th and 5th Baron Montacute , known as Warwick the Kingmaker, was an English nobleman, administrator, and military commander...
defeats a SpanishSpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
fleet in the English Channel. - Foundation of Magdalen College, OxfordMagdalen College, OxfordMagdalen College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. As of 2006 the college had an estimated financial endowment of £153 million. Magdalen is currently top of the Norrington Table after over half of its 2010 finalists received first-class degrees, a record...
.
- 25 March - Formal reconciliation between Yorkists and Lancastrians at St Paul's Cathedral
- 1459
- 23 September - Wars of the Roses: At the Battle of Blore HeathBattle of Blore HeathThe Battle of Blore Heath was the first major battle in the English Wars of the Roses. It was fought on 23 September 1459, at Blore Heath in Staffordshire, two miles east of the town of Market Drayton in Shropshire, England.- Background :...
, Yorkists under the Richard Neville, 5th Earl of SalisburyRichard Neville, 5th Earl of SalisburyRichard Neville, jure uxoris 5th Earl of Salisbury and 7th and 4th Baron Montacute, KG, PC was a Yorkist leader during the early parts of the Wars of the Roses.-Background:...
defeat a Lancastrian force. - 12 October - Wars of the Roses: Lancastrian victory at the Battle of Ludford BridgeBattle of Ludford BridgeThe Battle of Ludford Bridge was a largely bloodless battle fought in the early years of the Wars of the Roses. It took place on 12 October 1459, and resulted in a disastrous defeat for the Yorkists.-Background:...
. Following the battle, the Duke of York flees to IrelandIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
. - 10 November - Parliament, held at CoventryCoventryCoventry is a city and metropolitan borough in the county of West Midlands in England. Coventry is the 9th largest city in England and the 11th largest in the United Kingdom. It is also the second largest city in the English Midlands, after Birmingham, with a population of 300,848, although...
, condemns Yorkists as traitors.
- 23 September - Wars of the Roses: At the Battle of Blore Heath
Births
- 1450
- William CatesbyWilliam CatesbyWilliam Catesby, esq. was one of Richard III of England's principal councillors. He also served as Chancellor of the Exchequer and Speaker of the House of Commons during Richard's reign....
, politician (died 1485)
- William Catesby
- 1451
- September 5 - Isabella Neville, Duchess of Clarence (died 1476)
- 1452
- 2 October - King Richard IIIRichard III of EnglandRichard III was King of England for two years, from 1483 until his death in 1485 during the Battle of Bosworth Field. He was the last king of the House of York and the last of the Plantagenet dynasty...
(died 1485)
- 2 October - King Richard III
- 1454
- 4 September - Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of BuckinghamHenry Stafford, 2nd Duke of BuckinghamHenry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, KG played a major role in Richard III of England's rise and fall. He is also one of the primary suspects in the disappearance of the Princes in the Tower...
, politician (d. 1483)
- 4 September - Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham
- 1456
- 11 June - Anne NevilleAnne NevilleLady Anne Neville was Princess of Wales as the wife of Edward of Westminster and Queen of England as the consort of King Richard III. She held the latter title for less than two years, from 26 June 1483 until her death in March 1485...
, queen of Richard III (died 1485)
- 11 June - Anne Neville
- 1457
- 28 January - King Henry VII of EnglandHenry VII of EnglandHenry VII was King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizing the crown on 22 August 1485 until his death on 21 April 1509, as the first monarch of the House of Tudor....
(died 1509) - George Nevill, Duke of BedfordGeorge Nevill, Duke of BedfordGeorge Neville, 2nd Duke of Bedford was an English nobleman, who as a young boy had the possibility of becoming a great magnate, but never did due to the political failure of his father and uncle....
(died 1483) - Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of DorsetThomas Grey, 1st Marquess of DorsetThomas Grey, 7th Baron Ferrers of Groby, 1st Earl of Huntingdon and 1st Marquess of Dorset, KG , was an English nobleman, courtier and a man of mediocre abilities pushed into prominence by his mother Elizabeth Woodville's second marriage to the king, Edward IV.-Family:Thomas was born about 1455,...
(died 1501) - Thomas West, 8th Baron De La WarrThomas West, 8th Baron De La WarrThomas West, 8th Baron De La Warr and 5th Baron West, KB, KG was the oldest son of Richard West, 7th Baron De La Warr and 4th Baron of West and Catherine Hungerford.Thomas succeeded to his titles at the age of 19...
(died 1525)
- 28 January - King Henry VII of England
- 1458
- Thomas DocwraThomas DocwraThomas Docwra was Grand Prior of the English Knights Hospitaller.Thomas was admitted to the Knights Hospitallers at the age of 16, spending about four years as a novitiate. In 1480 he was in Rhodes with Sir Thomas Greene during the unsuccessful Turkish siege of the island. He later became...
, Grand Prior of the English Knights Hospitaller (died 1527) - Richard GreyRichard GreySir Richard Grey was an English knight and the half-brother of King Edward V of England.Grey was the younger son of Sir John Grey of Groby and Elizabeth Woodville, later Queen Consort of King Edward IV...
, half brother of Edward V of EnglandEdward V of EnglandEdward V was King of England from 9 April 1483 until his deposition two months later. His reign was dominated by the influence of his uncle Richard, Duke of Gloucester, who succeeded him as Richard III...
(died 1483)
- Thomas Docwra
- 1459
- Edward Poyning, Lord Deputy to Henry VII (died 1521)
Deaths
- 1450
- 2 May - William de la Pole, 1st Duke of SuffolkWilliam de la Pole, 1st Duke of SuffolkWilliam de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk, KG , nicknamed Jack Napes , was an important English soldier and commander in the Hundred Years' War, and later Lord Chamberlain of England.He also appears prominently in William Shakespeare's Henry VI, part 1 and Henry VI, part 2 and other...
, military leader (born 1396) - 10 June - William TreshamWilliam TreshamSir William Tresham JP was an English lawyer and Speaker of the House of Commons. Born in Northamptonshire, the son of Thomas Tresham of Sywell, he went on to become a major landowner in the region...
, politician (year of birth unknown) - 27 August - Reginald West, 6th Baron De La WarrReginald West, 6th Baron De La WarrReginald West, 6th Baron De La Warr and 3rd Baron West was the second son of Thomas West, 1st Baron West and Joan La Warr, half-sister and heiress of Thomas la Warr, 5th Baron De La Warr...
, politician (b. 1395)
- 2 May - William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk
- 1451
- John LydgateJohn LydgateJohn Lydgate of Bury was a monk and poet, born in Lidgate, Suffolk, England.Lydgate is at once a greater and a lesser poet than John Gower. He is a greater poet because of his greater range and force; he has a much more powerful machine at his command. The sheer bulk of Lydgate's poetic output is...
, monk and poet (born 1370)
- John Lydgate
- 1452
- 26 May - John StaffordJohn Stafford (archbishop)John Stafford was an English statesman and Archbishop of Canterbury.-Life:Stafford was the illegitimate son of a Wiltshire squire, which meant that he had to get the Pope's permission to become a clergyman...
, Archbishop of CanterburyArchbishop of CanterburyThe Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion, and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. In his role as head of the Anglican Communion, the archbishop leads the third largest group...
(year of birth unknown) - Nicholas CloseNicholas CloseNicholas Close was an English priest, Bishop of Carlisle from 1450 to 1452. He was provided to the see of Carlisle in January of 1450, and consecrated on 15 March 1450. He was selected Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield on 30 August 1452 and served for a short time before his death in late October...
, bishop (year of birth unknown)
- 26 May - John Stafford
- 1453
- 17 July - John Talbot, 1st Earl of ShrewsburyJohn Talbot, 1st Earl of ShrewsburyJohn Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and 1st Earl of Waterford KG , known as "Old Talbot" was an important English military commander during the Hundred Years' War, as well as the only Lancastrian Constable of France.-Origins:He was descended from Richard Talbot, a tenant in 1086 of Walter Giffard...
, military leader (year of birth unknown) - 24 December - John Dunstaple, composer (born 1390)
- 17 July - John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury
- 1454
- 22 March - John KempJohn KempJohn Kemp was a medieval English cardinal, archbishop of Canterbury, and Lord Chancellor of England.-Biography:Kemp was son of Thomas Kempe, a gentleman of Ollantigh, in the parish of Wye near Ashford, Kent...
, Archbishop of CanterburyArchbishop of CanterburyThe Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion, and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. In his role as head of the Anglican Communion, the archbishop leads the third largest group...
(born c. 1380) - Robert WingfieldRobert WingfieldSir Robert Wingfield of Letheringham, Suffolk was an English knight.-Family:He was son of a senior Sir Robert Wingfield and Elizabeth Russell. Sir Robert Wingfield of Letheringham, Suffolk (1403 - between 6 October 1452 and 21 November 1454) was an English knight.-Family:He was son of a senior...
, politician (b. 1403)
- 22 March - John Kemp
- 1455
- 22 May (at the First Battle of St AlbansFirst Battle of St AlbansThe First Battle of St Albans, fought on 22 May 1455 at St Albans, 22 miles north of London, traditionally marks the beginning of the Wars of the Roses. Richard, Duke of York and his ally, Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, defeated the Lancastrians under Edmund, Duke of Somerset, who was killed...
)- Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of NorthumberlandHenry Percy, 2nd Earl of NorthumberlandHenry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland was an English nobleman and military commander in the lead up to the Wars of the Roses. He was the son of Henry "Hotspur" Percy, and the grandson of Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland...
, politician (born 1393) - Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of SomersetEdmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of SomersetEdmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset, KG , sometimes styled 1st Duke of Somerset, was an English nobleman and an important figure in the Wars of the Roses and in the Hundred Years' War...
, commander (born 1406) - Humphrey Stafford, Earl of StaffordHumphrey Stafford, Earl of StaffordHumphrey Stafford , generally known by his courtesy title of Earl of Stafford was the son of Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Anne Neville ....
(born 1425)
- Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland
- 22 May (at the First Battle of St Albans
- 1456
- 1 November - Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of RichmondEdmund Tudor, 1st Earl of RichmondEdmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond , also known as Edmund of Hadham , was the father of King Henry VII of England and a member of the Tudor family of Penmynydd, North Wales.-Birth and early life:...
, father of King Henry VII of EnglandHenry VII of EnglandHenry VII was King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizing the crown on 22 August 1485 until his death on 21 April 1509, as the first monarch of the House of Tudor....
(born c. 1430)
- 1 November - Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond
- 1459
- 23 September - James Touchet, 5th Baron Audley (born 1400) (killed in battle)
- 5 November - John FastolfJohn FastolfSir John Fastolf KG was an English knight during the Hundred Years War, who has enjoyed a more lasting reputation as in some part being the prototype of Shakespeare's Sir John Falstaff...
, soldier (year of birth unknown)