Cartaya
Encyclopedia
Cartaya is a spanish locality and municipality in the province of Huelva
(autonomous community of Andalusia
). In 2010 had 18,415 inhabitants. Its surface area is 226.4 km² and has a density of 81.34 people per km².
Cartaya was founded as a urban core by the Marquis of Gibraleón, D. Pedro de Zúñiga in Piedras estuary, although its name comes from the Phoenician word "Carteia" meaning city so presumably its settlement, though not continuous, is older. Different traces found on its territory has been dated from the time of the Decline of the Roman Empire because it was an important communications hub between East and West. Is also documented the existence of population centers in farmsteads adjacents in the Middle Ages, which demonstrate that from ancient times lived in this area.
The municipality's economy is mainly based on the primary sector, although in recent years of the 20th century encouraged the service sector using their leisure opportunities found in coastal areas and their natural surroundings. The per capita income is high, considering the neighboring municipalities. The cores of El Rompido y Nuevo Portil along with the numerous developments emerged in recent decades has enabled also an important population growth.
From its term include the 4 km of beach (El Rompido, San Miguel Beach, Nuevo Portil beach and the westernmost part of El Portil, an atypical urban image due to the segregation of Punta Umbria), as well as, the former Convent of the Blessed Trinity, the Parish Church, the Hermitage of Santa María de Consolación and the Castle of the Zuñiga.
The municipal blazon
is:
It was approved by decree of 21 July 1972, and published in the BOE
on 24 August that year.
Flag
The municipal flag was adopted in plenary municipal 10 August 1998 and it has the following description:
and 112 km of Seville
. It remains represented in the leaf of MTN50: n.º 999 (2001).
Location
Cartaya's municipal area is located in the southwest of the province of Huelva in the coastal area and limited from east to south for the Piedras River and its river mouth, giving origin to the San Miguel beach. The urban core is situated on foot of the riverside of the Piedras while the cores of El Rompido and El Portil – latter also belongs to Punta Umbria
– are located in the river mouth of the Piedras and on foot of the Atlantic respectively.
The municipality covers an area of 226.4 km² with an average altitude of 26 masl.
Bordering populations
Cartaya's municipal area limit with: the most nearby locality, five miles, which it is Lepe, whose border is the river Piedras; also it limits, to the north-east with Gibraleón and to the south-east with Punta Umbria, locality that it segregated of Cartaya in the 1960s.
to the San Miguel Beach, to the zone of field and to the zone of coppice.
The soil is composed by gravels and conglomerates of detritic
coverages, glacis
and erosion of hillsides. In the mountainous zones show outcrops of Paleozoic shales.
The most important space is the known as Arrow of Nueva Umbría, whose territoriality, due to its relatively recent formation, is a motive of polemic between Lepe and Cartaya. Also it is important the space of the Lagoon of El Portil (in terms of Punta Umbría).
Geodesic red
Fuentes: Instituto Geográfico Nacional (Spain)
– IGN
obviously mediatized by its nearness to the sea. The winters are very mild, temperatures rarely become negative and rarely drop below 10 °, on the contrary the summers are very warm middle registering in July and August over 33 degrees. The annual average is around of 18 º. The precipitations
are not usually very abundant.
Later, it shows the average of temperatures and rainfalls throughout the year 2007:
, though most of the creeks that give origin and come from the highlands of El Almendro, are born in Villanueva de los Castillejos
's municipal area. Originally it flowed into the village of El Rompido, toponym that originated because it was in that zone where the waves were breaking against the river sediment. These sediments deposited in an easterly direction, it made possible great mobility in the ria
Piedras, quickly developing many places like the Lagoon of El Portil when it is closed.
Chanza Reservoir, in another municipality, provides water to the locality.
It exist an large forest mass composed by extensive pine
groves (about 12,000 hectares), junipers
, new plantations of eucalyptus
trees and some zones, very small, of evergreen oaks and corks. All this, along to the so-called Natural Place Marshes of the River Piedras and Arrow of El Rompido, compose an extensive land in relative semi-virgin condition. It is a question of the only formation in the Andalusian littoral. Its formation is due to the wind and marine huge deposits of the Río Piedras, of the flow of tides and of the waves.
The Arrow of El Rompido receives three main ecosystems (dune, retama, and marsh) with very little vegetation as sea holly, beachgrass, white retama, mastic and diverse halophytic vegetation.
Fauna
archaeological
evidence in the area. Around the river mouth of the Piedras, it has been found small pieces of Lower Paleolithic
stone tool
, as early acheuleans
deposits (edges and some biface
s and beaks) or Mousterian
type of Middle Paleolithic
. There isn't any connection between the populations of the shores of the Piedras, the Odiel
and the Tinto. The first historical evidence of population current in Cartaya's urban core aren't date back to Phoenician times
.
s) weren't probably inhabited until the Phoenicia
n arrival, it will not be until century later, when it proceeds an significant advance. In Roman
times it was located in regions named as Beturia Celtic and Turdula, inside the Senatorial Roman province of the Baetica
. Cartaya was located near to the distance of the road that was joining the cities of Praesidio and Ad Rubras and for zone it might arrange in the certain zone pottery
industry, especially amphora
e, before the demand of the settlement of Punta Umbria or Onuba Aesturia.
As is common throughout the zone of Huelva, the Visigothic presence in the region was very slightly significant.
, under the name of Cashtm these lands remained nailed in Cora of Labla, a Cora belonging to Gharb al-Andalus. After the fall of the Caliphate of Córdoba
in 1012, it joined into the Taifa of Huelva until it also disappeared and it joined into the Taifa of Seville
in 1052.
After the Christian conquest
of the north of Huelva, in the 13th century, after the capture by Alfonso X the Wise in 1262 of the cities of Niebla and Huelva, the current province of Huelva received importance as frontier territory with Portugal
, serving as break to the expansionist politic of this country and denominated Banda Gallega to great part of that border. It will be already in 1269 when the border with Lepe is formed across the Piedras:
s and Normans
pirates
. Until Marquess of Gibraleón, Pedro de Zuñiga and Manrique de Lara, didn't win a lawsuit with Alfonso de Guzmán, M. of Ayamonte and Lepe, for which a step could established by boat across the river Piedras and found next to him the population to be able to defend such a step, there was no certain normality in the zone. Seven years later, he gave the orders to initiate the works of the castle, located today to the west of the current urban area and of that only the court of weapon remains. The construction of the fortress, ideal refuge for the population, ends for consolidating the current settlement. Also on that date, the first church was built in Mudéjar
style, on which subsequently got up the present Parish of San Pedro. His descendant, Álvaro of Zúñiga consolidated the familiar power in the Lower Andalusia and his eldest son, on having married the daughter of Juan Alfonso of Guzman III was done finally in dowry of Ayamonte, the nearby Lepe and La Redondela.
Mention separate the Port of La Ribera deserves. This one enjoyed already in 1509 of an undoubted traffic, having trade with the Port of Seville (fishing in him a ship from Cartaya) or with Flanders
. The ships from Cartaya were fishing in Cape Spartel
and Cape Bojador
and there existed cabotage
transport, wine trade and grain
. Also, it was having shipyard
s receiving documents the manufacture of caravel
s in the 15th century. While, the port of Castle of San Miguel Arca de Buey, at the river mouth of Piedras began to remain isolated. In spite of it, Cartaya didn't have importance that more or less nearby populations like Palos de la Frontera
or Moguer
had in to develop historically into the navigation. Nonetheless, local sailors were participants so much in the first voyage of Columbus, where names appear as Talafar, Vizcaino and Alonso Rodríguez, as whom in the Second Columbian expedition, where they went also in the caravel La Niña
, the sailor Rodrigo Calafar from Cartaya, in the caravel San Juan, Alonso Rodríguez and in the caravel Cardera, Juan Vizcaíno.
The still insecure population moved to Trinitarians
of Barefoot Mercy
, order dedicated to the redemption of captives, to settle in the locality as it had in other nearby locations. Nonetheless, the settlements continue to be unstable disappearing ancient medieval villages such as San Miguel de Arca de Buey and population decrease in the core as consequence of a plague epidemic in 1602. This critical stage contrasts with that of later centuries, especially when in the 18th century, there developes great part of Cartaya's current urban plot in spite of the presumable destructions (as in the conventual building) of the 1755 Lisbon earthquake
.
up to the new administrative division of 1833
, it ended being included in the new province of Huelva.
In the last third of the century, the village of El Rompido arises. Though previously, other small settlements had existed in the river mouth of the Piedras, during these years it began to work an almadraba
on "the other side" of river. As terrestrial communications with Cartaya had to be made from the left bank of the river, families were settled in the current core. These families were usually formed by men of foreign origin, many of them were coming from the neighboring Portugal
, with women from Cartaya. Portuguese surnames as Almeida or Brito are still common in the zone.
of the core of Punta Umbria. In the face of the demands of this due to its remoteness to the core and its tourism and economic growth, the City Council had launched a dossier requesting to the Council of Ministers the revocation of the Decree of 15 January 1959 that its segregation of the core was accorded counterfoil. Finally, the negotiations were unsuccessful and Punta Umbria became a new locality of the province with border scarcely to eight kilometres from El Rompido the 26 April 1963. Thereafter, it proposed El Portil as space for its tourist dynamization. In 1968, it approved a revitalization plan that it resulted unsuccessful propitiated scarcely a slight development of the zone.
With the arrival of democracy and the promulgation of the Spanish Constitution of 1978
, Cartaya, as whole the state, obtained new competitions and it experimented an important development placing between one of the localities most populated in the province of Huelva at present.
Source: INE
2010 (2009 dates), Google Earth
from Cartaya.
Population piramyd
The analysis of the population pyramid shows the following:
This population structure is typical in modern demographic regime
, with an evolution towards an aging population and a decrease of the annual birth rate
.
Immigrants
The foreign population registered
in 2009 adds 3,197 inhabitants, that it represents a percentage of 17% of census, very superior to the national and regional average, being the most numerous nationalities the Moroccan
(876 inhabitants), the Romanian
s (1003) and the Ecuador
ian (120).
democratically management whose members are elected every four years by universal suffrage
. The electoral census is composed by all the residents registered in Cartaya over 18 years and natives of Spain and of other countries members of the European Union
.
According to the Law of the General Electoral Regime, which establishes the number of councilors elected on the basis of the population of the municipality, Cartaya's Municipal Corporation is composed of 17 councilors. In the last Municipal Elections celebrated in 2007
, Juan Antonio Millán Jaldón was re-elected mayor, being the constitution of the City Council the following one:
In 2008, there were in the municipality, a total of 1,105 companies, of which 990 had a workforce of less than 5 workers, 91 companies had a workforce between 6 and 19 workers and, only, 24 companies had a staff of more than 20 workers. With the current economic crisis that is occurring in Spain, it is possible that the data corresponding to the present (2010) are considerably lower than that digits because there are many companies which are ceasing their activities.
Cartaya also belongs to the Mancomunidad of Municipalities Beturia for what this one as the region in which integration takes place several initiatives to promote economic development. One of these was the creation of the School of Business of Cartaya (ULOPA) that is responsible for local economic dynamization.
Huelva (province)
Huelva is a province of southern Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is bordered by Portugal, the provinces of Badajoz, Seville, and Cádiz, and the Atlantic Ocean. Its capital is Huelva....
(autonomous community of Andalusia
Andalusia
Andalusia is the most populous and the second largest in area of the autonomous communities of Spain. The Andalusian autonomous community is officially recognised as a nationality of Spain. The territory is divided into eight provinces: Huelva, Seville, Cádiz, Córdoba, Málaga, Jaén, Granada and...
). In 2010 had 18,415 inhabitants. Its surface area is 226.4 km² and has a density of 81.34 people per km².
Cartaya was founded as a urban core by the Marquis of Gibraleón, D. Pedro de Zúñiga in Piedras estuary, although its name comes from the Phoenician word "Carteia" meaning city so presumably its settlement, though not continuous, is older. Different traces found on its territory has been dated from the time of the Decline of the Roman Empire because it was an important communications hub between East and West. Is also documented the existence of population centers in farmsteads adjacents in the Middle Ages, which demonstrate that from ancient times lived in this area.
The municipality's economy is mainly based on the primary sector, although in recent years of the 20th century encouraged the service sector using their leisure opportunities found in coastal areas and their natural surroundings. The per capita income is high, considering the neighboring municipalities. The cores of El Rompido y Nuevo Portil along with the numerous developments emerged in recent decades has enabled also an important population growth.
From its term include the 4 km of beach (El Rompido, San Miguel Beach, Nuevo Portil beach and the westernmost part of El Portil, an atypical urban image due to the segregation of Punta Umbria), as well as, the former Convent of the Blessed Trinity, the Parish Church, the Hermitage of Santa María de Consolación and the Castle of the Zuñiga.
Toponymy
The toponym Cartaya seems to be of Phoenician origin: Qart or Carteia that might be translated as The City. It must not get confused, nevertheless, with Libertinorum Carteia in San Roque. In the Andalusian period appeared under the name qarqaya, phonetically very similar to the present.Symbols
ShieldThe municipal blazon
Blazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
is:
It was approved by decree of 21 July 1972, and published in the BOE
Boletín Oficial del Estado
The Boletín Oficial del Estado , Spanish for Official Bulletin of the State, is the official gazette of the Government of Spain. It publishes the laws of the Cortes Generales and the dispositions of the Autonomous Communities...
on 24 August that year.
Flag
The municipal flag was adopted in plenary municipal 10 August 1998 and it has the following description:
Situation
It is located at 26 km of HuelvaHuelva
Huelva is a city in southwestern Spain, the capital of the province of Huelva in the autonomous region of Andalusia. It is located along the Gulf of Cadiz coast, at the confluence of the Odiel and Tinto rivers. According to the 2010 census, the city has a population of 149,410 inhabitants. The...
and 112 km of Seville
Seville
Seville is the artistic, historic, cultural, and financial capital of southern Spain. It is the capital of the autonomous community of Andalusia and of the province of Seville. It is situated on the plain of the River Guadalquivir, with an average elevation of above sea level...
. It remains represented in the leaf of MTN50: n.º 999 (2001).
Location
Cartaya's municipal area is located in the southwest of the province of Huelva in the coastal area and limited from east to south for the Piedras River and its river mouth, giving origin to the San Miguel beach. The urban core is situated on foot of the riverside of the Piedras while the cores of El Rompido and El Portil – latter also belongs to Punta Umbria
Punta Umbría
Punta Umbría is a town and municipality in the province of Huelva, part of the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia.The Punta in its name comes from the long point going out to the sea from the beach....
– are located in the river mouth of the Piedras and on foot of the Atlantic respectively.
The municipality covers an area of 226.4 km² with an average altitude of 26 masl.
Bordering populations
Cartaya's municipal area limit with: the most nearby locality, five miles, which it is Lepe, whose border is the river Piedras; also it limits, to the north-east with Gibraleón and to the south-east with Punta Umbria, locality that it segregated of Cartaya in the 1960s.
| Northwest: Sanlucar de Guadiana Sanlúcar de Guadiana Sanlúcar de Guadiana is a localidad in the province of Huelva, Andalusia, Spain, situated 55 km from the city of Huelva. The inhabitants are known as Sanluqueños... and Villanueva de los Castillejos Villanueva de los Castillejos Villanueva de los Castillejos is a town and municipality located in the province of Huelva, Spain. According to the 2008 census, the municipality had a population of 2783 inhabitants.... |
North: Villanueva de los Castillejos Villanueva de los Castillejos Villanueva de los Castillejos is a town and municipality located in the province of Huelva, Spain. According to the 2008 census, the municipality had a population of 2783 inhabitants.... |
Northeast: Gibraleón Gibraleón Gibraleón is a town and municipality located in the province of Huelva, Spain. According to the 2005 census, the municipality has a population of 11,202 inhabitants.-External links:* - Sistema de Información Multiterritorial de Andalucía... |
| West: Lepe Lepe Lepe is a Spanish town in the province of Huelva, in the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is situated near the Portuguese border. According to the 2009 census, the city has a population of 25,886 inhabitants.-Economy:... |
 |
East: Gibraleón Gibraleón Gibraleón is a town and municipality located in the province of Huelva, Spain. According to the 2005 census, the municipality has a population of 11,202 inhabitants.-External links:* - Sistema de Información Multiterritorial de Andalucía... , Aljaraque Aljaraque Aljaraque is a city located in the province of Huelva, Spain. According to the 2005 census, the city has a population of 14,846 inhabitants.-Demographics:- Main sights :* Church of Nuestra Señora de Los Remedios... and Huelva Huelva Huelva is a city in southwestern Spain, the capital of the province of Huelva in the autonomous region of Andalusia. It is located along the Gulf of Cadiz coast, at the confluence of the Odiel and Tinto rivers. According to the 2010 census, the city has a population of 149,410 inhabitants. The... |
| Southwest Lepe Lepe Lepe is a Spanish town in the province of Huelva, in the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is situated near the Portuguese border. According to the 2009 census, the city has a population of 25,886 inhabitants.-Economy:... |
South: Atlantic Ocean | Southeast: Punta Umbría Punta Umbría Punta Umbría is a town and municipality in the province of Huelva, part of the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia.The Punta in its name comes from the long point going out to the sea from the beach.... |
Orography
The urban core is nearby to the right of the bank of the river Piedras, riverbed at whose river mouth is placed the village of El Rompido. Radically is the most interior zone of pinegroves and small elevations that make it more abrupt. Therefore, the relief of the zone can be summarized in the existence of three geographic units that would correspond to the fluvial-coastal zone formed in the Quaternary PeriodQuaternary
The Quaternary Period is the most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the ICS. It follows the Neogene Period, spanning 2.588 ± 0.005 million years ago to the present...
to the San Miguel Beach, to the zone of field and to the zone of coppice.
The soil is composed by gravels and conglomerates of detritic
Detritus
Detritus is a biological term used to describe dead or waste organic material.Detritus may also refer to:* Detritus , a geological term used to describe the particles of rock produced by weathering...
coverages, glacis
Glacis
A glacis in military engineering is an artificial slope of earth used in late European fortresses so constructed as to keep any potential assailant under the fire of the defenders until the last possible moment...
and erosion of hillsides. In the mountainous zones show outcrops of Paleozoic shales.
The most important space is the known as Arrow of Nueva Umbría, whose territoriality, due to its relatively recent formation, is a motive of polemic between Lepe and Cartaya. Also it is important the space of the Lagoon of El Portil (in terms of Punta Umbría).
Geodesic red
| Municipal area | Geodesic point | Altitude | Number | MTN leaf | Coordeinates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cartaya | Miramundo | 170,158 | 98093 | 980 | 37°17′N 7°09′W |
Instituto Geográfico Nacional (Spain)
The Instituto Geográfico Nacional , or National Geographic Institute is a Spanish government agency, dependent on the Spanish Ministry of Public Works...
– IGN
Climatology
The climate is continentalized MediterraneanMediterranean climate
A Mediterranean climate is the climate typical of most of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, and is a particular variety of subtropical climate...
obviously mediatized by its nearness to the sea. The winters are very mild, temperatures rarely become negative and rarely drop below 10 °, on the contrary the summers are very warm middle registering in July and August over 33 degrees. The annual average is around of 18 º. The precipitations
Precipitation (meteorology)
In meteorology, precipitation In meteorology, precipitation In meteorology, precipitation (also known as one of the classes of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation...
are not usually very abundant.
Later, it shows the average of temperatures and rainfalls throughout the year 2007:
Hydrology
Its principal fluvial course is the river Piedras, which constitutes the oriental limit of its term and delimits it with the municipality of Lepe. It is born in the municipal area of El AlmendroEl Almendro
El Almendro is a rural municipality in the Río San Juan department of Nicaragua.Tradition states that El Almendro was founded in 1892, when Nery López, Perfecto Romero Acosta, Francisco González, and others, searchers of rubber trees and growers of Ipecacuanha arrived looking for rubber and...
, though most of the creeks that give origin and come from the highlands of El Almendro, are born in Villanueva de los Castillejos
Villanueva de los Castillejos
Villanueva de los Castillejos is a town and municipality located in the province of Huelva, Spain. According to the 2008 census, the municipality had a population of 2783 inhabitants....
's municipal area. Originally it flowed into the village of El Rompido, toponym that originated because it was in that zone where the waves were breaking against the river sediment. These sediments deposited in an easterly direction, it made possible great mobility in the ria
Ria
A ria is a coastal inlet formed by the partial submergence of an unglaciated river valley. It is a drowned river valley that remains open to the sea. Typically, rias have a dendritic, treelike outline although they can be straight and without significant branches. This pattern is inherited from the...
Piedras, quickly developing many places like the Lagoon of El Portil when it is closed.
Chanza Reservoir, in another municipality, provides water to the locality.
Ecology
FloraIt exist an large forest mass composed by extensive pine
Pine
Pines are trees in the genus Pinus ,in the family Pinaceae. They make up the monotypic subfamily Pinoideae. There are about 115 species of pine, although different authorities accept between 105 and 125 species.-Etymology:...
groves (about 12,000 hectares), junipers
Juniperus communis
Juniperus communis, the Common Juniper, is a species in the genus Juniperus, in the family Cupressaceae. It has the largest range of any woody plant, throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere from the Arctic south in mountains to around 30°N latitude in North America, Europe and Asia.-...
, new plantations of eucalyptus
Eucalyptus
Eucalyptus is a diverse genus of flowering trees in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. Members of the genus dominate the tree flora of Australia...
trees and some zones, very small, of evergreen oaks and corks. All this, along to the so-called Natural Place Marshes of the River Piedras and Arrow of El Rompido, compose an extensive land in relative semi-virgin condition. It is a question of the only formation in the Andalusian littoral. Its formation is due to the wind and marine huge deposits of the Río Piedras, of the flow of tides and of the waves.
The Arrow of El Rompido receives three main ecosystems (dune, retama, and marsh) with very little vegetation as sea holly, beachgrass, white retama, mastic and diverse halophytic vegetation.
Fauna
Prehistory
There are few prehistoricPrehistory
Prehistory is the span of time before recorded history. Prehistory can refer to the period of human existence before the availability of those written records with which recorded history begins. More broadly, it refers to all the time preceding human existence and the invention of writing...
archaeological
Archaeology
Archaeology, or archeology , is the study of human society, primarily through the recovery and analysis of the material culture and environmental data that they have left behind, which includes artifacts, architecture, biofacts and cultural landscapes...
evidence in the area. Around the river mouth of the Piedras, it has been found small pieces of Lower Paleolithic
Lower Paleolithic
The Lower Paleolithic is the earliest subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age. It spans the time from around 2.5 million years ago when the first evidence of craft and use of stone tools by hominids appears in the current archaeological record, until around 300,000 years ago, spanning the...
stone tool
Stone tool
A stone tool is, in the most general sense, any tool made either partially or entirely out of stone. Although stone tool-dependent societies and cultures still exist today, most stone tools are associated with prehistoric, particularly Stone Age cultures that have become extinct...
, as early acheuleans
Acheulean
Acheulean is the name given to an archaeological industry of stone tool manufacture associated with early humans during the Lower Palaeolithic era across Africa and much of West Asia, South Asia and Europe. Acheulean tools are typically found with Homo erectus remains...
deposits (edges and some biface
Biface
In archaeology, a biface is a two-sided stone tool and is used as a multi purposes knife, manufactured through a process of lithic reduction, that displays flake scars on both sides. A profile view of the final product tends to exhibit a lenticular shape...
s and beaks) or Mousterian
Mousterian
Mousterian is a name given by archaeologists to a style of predominantly flint tools associated primarily with Homo neanderthalensis and dating to the Middle Paleolithic, the middle part of the Old Stone Age.-Naming:...
type of Middle Paleolithic
Middle Paleolithic
The Middle Paleolithic is the second subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age as it is understood in Europe, Africa and Asia. The term Middle Stone Age is used as an equivalent or a synonym for the Middle Paleolithic in African archeology. The Middle Paleolithic and the Middle Stone Age...
. There isn't any connection between the populations of the shores of the Piedras, the Odiel
Odiel
The Odiel River, River Odiel, or simply Odiel is a river in the Atlantic basin in southern Spain, more precisely in the province of Huelva, Andalusia, Spain. It originates at Marimateos in the Sierra de Aracena at an altitude of above sea level. At the Punta del Sebo, it joins the Rio Tinto to...
and the Tinto. The first historical evidence of population current in Cartaya's urban core aren't date back to Phoenician times
Phoenicia
Phoenicia , was an ancient civilization in Canaan which covered most of the western, coastal part of the Fertile Crescent. Several major Phoenician cities were built on the coastline of the Mediterranean. It was an enterprising maritime trading culture that spread across the Mediterranean from 1550...
.
Romanization
If Cartaya's core and its nearby coast (where there are many discoveries of shipwreckShipwreck
A shipwreck is what remains of a ship that has wrecked, either sunk or beached. Whatever the cause, a sunken ship or a wrecked ship is a physical example of the event: this explains why the two concepts are often overlapping in English....
s) weren't probably inhabited until the Phoenicia
Phoenicia
Phoenicia , was an ancient civilization in Canaan which covered most of the western, coastal part of the Fertile Crescent. Several major Phoenician cities were built on the coastline of the Mediterranean. It was an enterprising maritime trading culture that spread across the Mediterranean from 1550...
n arrival, it will not be until century later, when it proceeds an significant advance. In Roman
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
times it was located in regions named as Beturia Celtic and Turdula, inside the Senatorial Roman province of the Baetica
Hispania Baetica
Hispania Baetica was one of three Imperial Roman provinces in Hispania, . Hispania Baetica was bordered to the west by Lusitania, and to the northeast by Hispania Tarraconensis. Baetica was part of Al-Andalus under the Moors in the 8th century and approximately corresponds to modern Andalucia...
. Cartaya was located near to the distance of the road that was joining the cities of Praesidio and Ad Rubras and for zone it might arrange in the certain zone pottery
Pottery
Pottery is the material from which the potteryware is made, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery . Pottery also refers to the art or craft of the potter or the manufacture of pottery...
industry, especially amphora
Amphora
An amphora is a type of vase-shaped, usually ceramic container with two handles and a long neck narrower than the body...
e, before the demand of the settlement of Punta Umbria or Onuba Aesturia.
As is common throughout the zone of Huelva, the Visigothic presence in the region was very slightly significant.
Middle Ages
During of times of Al-AndalusAl-Andalus
Al-Andalus was the Arabic name given to a nation and territorial region also commonly referred to as Moorish Iberia. The name describes parts of the Iberian Peninsula and Septimania governed by Muslims , at various times in the period between 711 and 1492, although the territorial boundaries...
, under the name of Cashtm these lands remained nailed in Cora of Labla, a Cora belonging to Gharb al-Andalus. After the fall of the Caliphate of Córdoba
Caliphate of Córdoba
The Caliphate of Córdoba ruled the Iberian peninsula and part of North Africa, from the city of Córdoba, from 929 to 1031. This period was characterized by remarkable success in trade and culture; many of the masterpieces of Islamic Iberia were constructed in this period, including the famous...
in 1012, it joined into the Taifa of Huelva until it also disappeared and it joined into the Taifa of Seville
Taifa of Seville
The Taifa of Seville was a short lived medieval kingdom, in what is now southern Spain and Portugal. It originated in 1023 and lasted until 1091, and was under the rule of the Arab Abbadid family.-History:...
in 1052.
After the Christian conquest
Reconquista
The Reconquista was a period of almost 800 years in the Middle Ages during which several Christian kingdoms succeeded in retaking the Muslim-controlled areas of the Iberian Peninsula broadly known as Al-Andalus...
of the north of Huelva, in the 13th century, after the capture by Alfonso X the Wise in 1262 of the cities of Niebla and Huelva, the current province of Huelva received importance as frontier territory with Portugal
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
, serving as break to the expansionist politic of this country and denominated Banda Gallega to great part of that border. It will be already in 1269 when the border with Lepe is formed across the Piedras:
Modern era
During the 15th and 16th centuries, Cartaya became part of the dominions of the Zuñiga's House. The area was unsafe because it was frequently attacked by BerberBerber people
Berbers are the indigenous peoples of North Africa west of the Nile Valley. They are continuously distributed from the Atlantic to the Siwa oasis, in Egypt, and from the Mediterranean to the Niger River. Historically they spoke the Berber language or varieties of it, which together form a branch...
s and Normans
Normans
The Normans were the people who gave their name to Normandy, a region in northern France. They were descended from Norse Viking conquerors of the territory and the native population of Frankish and Gallo-Roman stock...
pirates
Piracy
Piracy is an act of robbery or criminal violence at sea. The term can include acts committed on land, in the air, or in other major bodies of water or on a shore. It does not normally include crimes committed against persons traveling on the same vessel as the perpetrator...
. Until Marquess of Gibraleón, Pedro de Zuñiga and Manrique de Lara, didn't win a lawsuit with Alfonso de Guzmán, M. of Ayamonte and Lepe, for which a step could established by boat across the river Piedras and found next to him the population to be able to defend such a step, there was no certain normality in the zone. Seven years later, he gave the orders to initiate the works of the castle, located today to the west of the current urban area and of that only the court of weapon remains. The construction of the fortress, ideal refuge for the population, ends for consolidating the current settlement. Also on that date, the first church was built in Mudéjar
Mudéjar
Mudéjar is the name given to individual Moors or Muslims of Al-Andalus who remained in Iberia after the Christian Reconquista but were not converted to Christianity...
style, on which subsequently got up the present Parish of San Pedro. His descendant, Álvaro of Zúñiga consolidated the familiar power in the Lower Andalusia and his eldest son, on having married the daughter of Juan Alfonso of Guzman III was done finally in dowry of Ayamonte, the nearby Lepe and La Redondela.
Mention separate the Port of La Ribera deserves. This one enjoyed already in 1509 of an undoubted traffic, having trade with the Port of Seville (fishing in him a ship from Cartaya) or with Flanders
Flanders
Flanders is the community of the Flemings but also one of the institutions in Belgium, and a geographical region located in parts of present-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands. "Flanders" can also refer to the northern part of Belgium that contains Brussels, Bruges, Ghent and Antwerp...
. The ships from Cartaya were fishing in Cape Spartel
Cape Spartel
Cape Spartel is a promontory in Morocco about above sea level at the entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar, 12 km West of Tangier. It is frequently but incorrectly referred as the northernmost point of Africa, which is instead Ras ben Sakka, Tunisia....
and Cape Bojador
Cape Bojador
Cape Bojador or Cape Boujdour is a headland on the northern coast of Western Sahara, at 26° 07' 37"N, 14° 29' 57"W. , as well as the name of a nearby town with a population of 41,178.It is shown on nautical charts with the original Portuguese name "Cabo Bojador", but is sometimes...
and there existed cabotage
Cabotage
Cabotage is the transport of goods or passengers between two points in the same country by a vessel or an aircraft registered in another country. Originally starting with shipping, cabotage now also covers aviation, railways and road transport...
transport, wine trade and grain
Cereal
Cereals are grasses cultivated for the edible components of their grain , composed of the endosperm, germ, and bran...
. Also, it was having shipyard
Shipyard
Shipyards and dockyards are places which repair and build ships. These can be yachts, military vessels, cruise liners or other cargo or passenger ships. Dockyards are sometimes more associated with maintenance and basing activities than shipyards, which are sometimes associated more with initial...
s receiving documents the manufacture of caravel
Caravel
A caravel is a small, highly maneuverable sailing ship developed in the 15th century by the Portuguese to explore along the West African coast and into the Atlantic Ocean. The lateen sails gave her speed and the capacity for sailing to windward...
s in the 15th century. While, the port of Castle of San Miguel Arca de Buey, at the river mouth of Piedras began to remain isolated. In spite of it, Cartaya didn't have importance that more or less nearby populations like Palos de la Frontera
Palos de la Frontera
Palos de la Frontera is a town and municipality located in the southwestern Spanish province of Huelva, in the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is situated some from the provincial capital, Huelva...
or Moguer
Moguer
Moguer is a municipality and small city located in the province of Huelva, Andalusia, Spain. According to the 2007 census, it has a population of 18,381. Its surface area is , and its population density is ....
had in to develop historically into the navigation. Nonetheless, local sailors were participants so much in the first voyage of Columbus, where names appear as Talafar, Vizcaino and Alonso Rodríguez, as whom in the Second Columbian expedition, where they went also in the caravel La Niña
Niña
La Niña was one of the three ships used by Christopher Columbus in his first voyage towards the Indies in 1492. The real name of the Niña was Santa Clara. The name Niña was probably a pun on the name of her owner, Juan Niño of Moguer...
, the sailor Rodrigo Calafar from Cartaya, in the caravel San Juan, Alonso Rodríguez and in the caravel Cardera, Juan Vizcaíno.
The still insecure population moved to Trinitarians
Trinitarian Order
The Order of the Holy Trinity is a Catholic religious order that was founded in the area of Cerfroid, some 80 km northeast of Paris, at the end of the twelfth century. The founder was St. John de Matha, whose feast day is celebrated on 17 December...
of Barefoot Mercy
Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy
The Royal, Celestial and Military Order of Our Lady of Mercy and the Redemption of the Captives also known as Our Lady of Ransom is a Roman Catholic religious order established in 1218 by St...
, order dedicated to the redemption of captives, to settle in the locality as it had in other nearby locations. Nonetheless, the settlements continue to be unstable disappearing ancient medieval villages such as San Miguel de Arca de Buey and population decrease in the core as consequence of a plague epidemic in 1602. This critical stage contrasts with that of later centuries, especially when in the 18th century, there developes great part of Cartaya's current urban plot in spite of the presumable destructions (as in the conventual building) of the 1755 Lisbon earthquake
1755 Lisbon earthquake
The 1755 Lisbon earthquake, also known as the Great Lisbon Earthquake, was a megathrust earthquake that took place on Saturday 1 November 1755, at around 9:40 in the morning. The earthquake was followed by fires and a tsunami, which almost totally destroyed Lisbon in the Kingdom of Portugal, and...
.
Contemporany era
During the years 1804 to 1808, it belonged to the Sanlucar de Barrameda's maritime Province and the kingdom of SevilleKingdom of Seville
The Kingdom of Seville was a territorial jurisdiction of the Crown of Castile from the time it was won from Muslim rule in 1248 during the Reconquista until Javier de Burgos' provincial division of Spain in 1833...
up to the new administrative division of 1833
1833 territorial division of Spain
The 1833 territorial division of Spain divided Spain into provinces, classified into "historic regions" . on the official web site of the government of the Canary Islands, accessed 2009-12-31...
, it ended being included in the new province of Huelva.
In the last third of the century, the village of El Rompido arises. Though previously, other small settlements had existed in the river mouth of the Piedras, during these years it began to work an almadraba
Almadraba
Almadraba tuna is tuna caught by an elaborate and age-old Andalusian technique of setting nets in a maze that leads to a central pool called "copo". In Sicily, the mazes of nets, and also the places where the nets are set are called Tonnara, and the overall method of capturing the fishes is called...
on "the other side" of river. As terrestrial communications with Cartaya had to be made from the left bank of the river, families were settled in the current core. These families were usually formed by men of foreign origin, many of them were coming from the neighboring Portugal
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
, with women from Cartaya. Portuguese surnames as Almeida or Brito are still common in the zone.
20th century and 21st century
In 1963, there was segregationIndependence
Independence is a condition of a nation, country, or state in which its residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory....
of the core of Punta Umbria. In the face of the demands of this due to its remoteness to the core and its tourism and economic growth, the City Council had launched a dossier requesting to the Council of Ministers the revocation of the Decree of 15 January 1959 that its segregation of the core was accorded counterfoil. Finally, the negotiations were unsuccessful and Punta Umbria became a new locality of the province with border scarcely to eight kilometres from El Rompido the 26 April 1963. Thereafter, it proposed El Portil as space for its tourist dynamization. In 1968, it approved a revitalization plan that it resulted unsuccessful propitiated scarcely a slight development of the zone.
With the arrival of democracy and the promulgation of the Spanish Constitution of 1978
Spanish Constitution of 1978
-Structure of the State:The Constitution recognizes the existence of nationalities and regions . Preliminary Title As a result, Spain is now composed entirely of 17 Autonomous Communities and two autonomous cities with varying degrees of autonomy, to the extent that, even though the Constitution...
, Cartaya, as whole the state, obtained new competitions and it experimented an important development placing between one of the localities most populated in the province of Huelva at present.
Population cores
Composed by Cartaya's provincial core, the village of El Rompido (and its bordering urbanizations of Urberosa and Los Pinos) and the urbanization of Nuevo Portil. In addition,it exist a great number of buildings in spread.| Population cores | Inhabitants | Coordenades | Distance (km) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cartaya | 18.415 | 37°16′59"N 7°09′17"W | 0 |
| El Rompido | 1.629 | 37°13′04"N 7°07′20"W | 8 |
| Nuevo Portil | 1.139 | 37°12′52"N 7°03′17"W | 11 |
Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)
The National Institute of Statistics is the official organisation in Spain that collects statistics about demography, economy, and Spanish society. Every 10 years, this organisation conducts a national census. The last census took place in 2001....
2010 (2009 dates), Google Earth
Google Earth
Google Earth is a virtual globe, map and geographical information program that was originally called EarthViewer 3D, and was created by Keyhole, Inc, a Central Intelligence Agency funded company acquired by Google in 2004 . It maps the Earth by the superimposition of images obtained from satellite...
Demography
The population is of 18,415 people in 2010, composed by 9,508 men and 8,907 women. The growth in recent years has been significant, doubling the actual population that existed at the end of 1980s. In the 1960s, it decreased significantly the census because, in 1963, it became free the village of Punta UmbríaPunta Umbría
Punta Umbría is a town and municipality in the province of Huelva, part of the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia.The Punta in its name comes from the long point going out to the sea from the beach....
from Cartaya.
| Statistical exploitation of the Register. Historical series. Cartaya |
|---|
| Graph elaborated by: Wikipedia based on data from INE-2009 Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain) The National Institute of Statistics is the official organisation in Spain that collects statistics about demography, economy, and Spanish society. Every 10 years, this organisation conducts a national census. The last census took place in 2001.... |
Population piramyd
The analysis of the population pyramid shows the following:
- The 20-year-old minor population is 23 % of the total population.
- The population understood between 20–40 years is 37 %
- The population understood between 40–60 years is 26 %
- The 60-year-old major population is 14 %
This population structure is typical in modern demographic regime
Demographic transition
The demographic transition model is the transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system. The theory is based on an interpretation of demographic history developed in 1929 by the American...
, with an evolution towards an aging population and a decrease of the annual birth rate
Birth rate
Crude birth rate is the nativity or childbirths per 1,000 people per year . Another word used interchangeably with "birth rate" is "natality". When the crude birth rate is subtracted from the crude death rate, it reveals the rate of natural increase...
.
Immigrants
The foreign population registered
Register office
A register office is a British term for a civil registry, a government office and depository where births, deaths and marriages are officially recorded and where you can get officially married, without a religious ceremony...
in 2009 adds 3,197 inhabitants, that it represents a percentage of 17% of census, very superior to the national and regional average, being the most numerous nationalities the Moroccan
Morocco
Morocco , officially the Kingdom of Morocco , is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of more than 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², and also primarily administers the disputed region of the Western Sahara...
(876 inhabitants), the Romanian
Romanians
The Romanians are an ethnic group native to Romania, who speak Romanian; they are the majority inhabitants of Romania....
s (1003) and the Ecuador
Ecuador
Ecuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border...
ian (120).
Local Administration
The political administration of the municipality is realized through a City CouncilCity council
A city council or town council is the legislative body that governs a city, town, municipality or local government area.-Australia & NZ:Because of the differences in legislation between the States, the exact definition of a City Council varies...
democratically management whose members are elected every four years by universal suffrage
Universal suffrage
Universal suffrage consists of the extension of the right to vote to adult citizens as a whole, though it may also mean extending said right to minors and non-citizens...
. The electoral census is composed by all the residents registered in Cartaya over 18 years and natives of Spain and of other countries members of the European Union
European Union
The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
.
According to the Law of the General Electoral Regime, which establishes the number of councilors elected on the basis of the population of the municipality, Cartaya's Municipal Corporation is composed of 17 councilors. In the last Municipal Elections celebrated in 2007
Spanish regional elections, 2007
A number of elections were held in Spain on 27 May 2007:* municipal elections;* local elections of various types like the elections to the Cabildo on the Canary Islands;* elections to the Assembly of Ceuta and Melilla; and...
, Juan Antonio Millán Jaldón was re-elected mayor, being the constitution of the City Council the following one:
EWLINE
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EWLINE
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Economy
Business activity and employmentIn 2008, there were in the municipality, a total of 1,105 companies, of which 990 had a workforce of less than 5 workers, 91 companies had a workforce between 6 and 19 workers and, only, 24 companies had a staff of more than 20 workers. With the current economic crisis that is occurring in Spain, it is possible that the data corresponding to the present (2010) are considerably lower than that digits because there are many companies which are ceasing their activities.
Cartaya also belongs to the Mancomunidad of Municipalities Beturia for what this one as the region in which integration takes place several initiatives to promote economic development. One of these was the creation of the School of Business of Cartaya (ULOPA) that is responsible for local economic dynamization.
External links
- CartayaWeb.com – Cartaya Tourist and business Website. Many Videos and pictures (English)
- CartayaWeb.com – Cartaya Tourist and business Website. Many Videos and pictures.
- Cartaya Online Newspaper
- Comercial Direcctory of Cartaya
- Map of Cartaya:
- Recreativo football club in Cartaya
- Cartaya – Sistema de Información Multiterritorial de Andalucía
- Cartaya newspaper library (coming up)