Clarence, Tasmania
Encyclopedia
The City of Clarence is a city
and Local Government Area in Tasmania
, Australia
. Along with Hobart
and Glenorchy
, Clarence is one of the three cities that constitute the Greater Hobart Area.
The City of Clarence is located between the eastern shore of the Derwent River
to the west, Pitt Water and the Coal River valley
to the east, the Meehan Range
to the north, and Storm Bay
to the south. Being on the eastern shore of the Derwent River, it is located opposite to Hobart and Glenorchy, both of which are located on the western shore. Despite only being the 29th largest city in Australia in terms of population (52,935), it is the 9th largest city in Australia in terms of area (386 km² or 149.0 sq mi). Despite this, more than one third of the city remains untouched bushland
. The administrative centre of Clarence at Rosny Park
is approximately 5 kilometres from the CBD
of Hobart.
The City of Clarence is administered by the Clarence City Council, and is home to both the Hobart International Airport
and Bellerive Oval
. Rosny Park is the main commercial district in the east of Greater Hobart (featuring Eastlands Shopping Centre) and also the administrative centre of the City of Clarence.
The area that now constitutes the City of Clarence was once part of the traditional land of the Moomairemener, a sub-group of the Tasmanian Aborigines
. In 1803, the island of Tasmania (then Van Diemen's Land) was colonised
by United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
, who subsequently established the settlement of Hobart Town. By the 1820s the settlement had spread to the 'Clarence Plains', but the area remained primarily agricultural until the mid to late 20th century, when it experienced a residential development boom. Since then Clarence has grown rapidly to become a self-sufficient city.
The City of Clarence is named indirectly after King William IV of the United Kingdom
. From 1789 until 1830, when he ascended the throne, he was titled His Royal Highness The Duke of Clarence and St Andrews
. It was during this period that the British settlement of Hobart was founded in 1803.
Prior to the establishment of the British colony there, Captain
John Hayes
of the East India Company
had sailed up the Derwent River, with the vessels Duke of Clarence and the Duchess of Bengal in 1793. Relieved at making landfall following an arduous crossing of the Indian Ocean
, Hayes named the region around Rokeby
as 'Clarence Plains', in honour of the vessel having delivered them safely to a sanctuary. The vessel in turn, had been initially named in honour of the then future King. Almost immediately following the exploration of the region following the settlement of Hobart in 1803, Hayes name of 'Clarence Plains' fell into common use.
For over half a century, this was the name of the entire eastern shore of the Derwent River south of the Meehan Range
. When it was first incorporated as a municipality
in 1860, the region became referred to as the 'Municipality of Clarence'. This was to remain the name of the region until 1988, when Clarence was officially declared a city
, and the name changed to the 'City of Clarence'. It is not usual for Clarence residents to be referred to by a gentilic, and if so they are usually given the title Hobartians along with all other residents of Greater Hobart, however locally they are usually identified as being 'from the eastern shore'.
have lived in Tasmania for at least 35,000 years. Whilst there is little evidence of their occupation, Aboriginal middens can often be found along the coastline of the City of Clarence, indicating that they hunted, and searched for seafood and shellfish in the region.
Prior to the arrival of the British, there was nine distinctive 'nation
s' or 'tribes' within Tasmania. The eastern shore seems to have been home to the Moomairemener. It is not known if they were a separate nation, or a sub-group of the Oyster Bay Clan (Paredarerme) whose territory stretched from the Tasman Peninsula
r to St Patrick's Head, just south of the modern Tasmanian township of St Mary's.
For the Moomairemener the area along the eastern shore of the Derwent was known as 'Nannyelebata'. They valued the region for its rich variety of birds, animals, seafood, and vegetation. The Coal River Valley
, Flagstaff Gully
, Risdon Vale
, Risdon Cove
and the southern Meehan Range
were all regions that were within the traditional spring and summer hunting-grounds of the Moomairemener people, bringing them into conflict with the British invaders within five months of the establishment of the camp at Risdon Cove. This initial conflict grew into the Black War
, which devastated the population of the native Tasmanians. The descendants of the indigenous Tasmanians now refer to themselves collectively as 'Palawa
'.
Clarence was the site of the first European settlement in Tasmania
(then Van Diemen's Land
) in 1803 at Risdon Cove
. At the time Napoleonic France and Great Britain
were at war with each other. Fearing the arrival of French explorers who may have wished to make a rival claim to the island of Van Diemen's Land
, the then Governor of New South Wales, Philip Gidley King
dispatched a young 23-year-old Lieutenant
by the name of John Bowen
to establish a colony there. The first vessel of his party, Lady Nelson
arrived in the Derwent on Wednesday, 8 September 1803, and Bowen arrived five days later aboard HMS Albion
.
Bowen selected the inlet at Risdon Cove, as when he had arrived in Spring the nearby stream was in full-flow. However within months it had dried up, and his camp was in despair for want of water. The site at Risdon Cove was badly affect by inconsistent water supply, and stagnation of the inlet during the late summer.
King was insecure about Bowen's juniority and inexperience as a young commander, and when he was contacted by David Collins
, who had been dispatched directly from England aboard HMS Calcutta
with HMS Ocean
as a supply vessel, to establish a colony at Port Phillip
, he redirected Collins' expedition to the Derwent.
Collin's party arrived on the Derwent River on 16 February 1804, and immediately became becalmed in Storm Bay
. Collin's dispatched troops to row ashore off what is now Rokeby
to march overland to the camp at Risdon and announce their arrival. The party found navigating the thick Australian bushland
hard-going, but did gain useful intelligence as the nature of the area. In the end, they only arrived shortly before the ships were able to navigate up-river.
Upon his arrival, Collins discovered the camp in such a state of despair for want of water, it was threatened with collapse. He immediately set about his first task of relocating the colony to the mouth of the Hobart Rivulet
on Sullivans Cove. From there, the city of Hobart grew.
The relocation of the colony did not end the desire to settle the eastern shore of the Derwent though. Within the first few years following the establishment of Hobart Town, difficulties in growing crops led to difficulties providing food. The initial intelligence from the soldiers that had marched overland from Rokeby to Risdon Vale, and subsequent explorations suggested the plains on the eastern shore of the Derwent were more suited to agriculture.
The successful establishment of crops on Clarence Plains was vital to the survival of Hobart Town. When new settlers arrived from Norfolk Island
in 1808, some were granted land in the Derwent Valley, and others upon Clarence Plains. Very soon a mixture of mansions and fine houses, cottages, inns and churches began to be built in the area. However the population growth on the eastern shore was much slower than that of Hobart Town, despite the close proximity of the young town. By the 1810s, a ferryman was making regular crossings of the Derwent between Sullivans Cove, and 'Kangaroo Point', near where the ferry still arrives at Bellerive Quay
. The point was so-called due to the large numbers of Kangaroos
that would be seen grazing there in the first few decades after European arrival. By the late 1810s, farmers, timbermen, and pioneers had begun settling on the eastern shore of the Derwent River.
By the early 1820s a small village was growing around Kangaroo Point, that was soon to become Bellerive
, making it the first site of permanent settlement in Clarence Plains. Bellerive was well fed by a freshwater stream that emptied into Kangaroo Bay, and it still exists running parallel to Rosny Park Public Golf Course as a storm water culvert.
The next areas within Clarence Plains to be settled on the eastern shore of Hobart's Derwent River, were Rosny
, and its neighbours Montagu Bay
and Lindisfarne
to the north. Private properties had been built in each of these localities by the late 1820s, commanding excellent views across the Derwent to Hobart Town and Mount Wellington
. All three suburbs are named after the three fine houses established. Although private estates and farms began to spring up throughout the district, settlements were generally isolated, with Bellerive
, Cambridge
, Lindisfarne, and Richmond
the only major settlements of note. In 1836, Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's Land, George Arthur
divided the island into administrative counties, and Clarence Plains fell into Pembrokeshire. Despite this, the Clarence Plains region became a municipality
in its own right in 1860. In 1862, Bellerive also became the administrative centre of the municipality, and the Eastern Police District, but for much of the late nineteenth century, Clarence Plains experienced little development, remaining primarily agricultural.
A review of colonial defences in the 1870s saw a complete overhaul of the coastal defences of Hobart, and a new fortress called Kangaroo Battery was constructed between 1880 and 1888 just to the south of Bellerive
. An industry that flourished throughout Clarence Plains was fruit growing, and by the 1880s several prosperous orchards were located within the region. A rare attempt at commercial opportunism was the short-lived Bellerive-Sorell Railway (1892 until 1926) which had its terminus on a long jetty extending into the Bay on reclaimed land that now makes up part of the Bellerive Boardwalk. It was hoped that is could eventually be connected to the Tasmanian Main Line
at Brighton
, thus providing rail access to the south of Clarence Plains, Sorrell and the Tasman Peninsular, but engineering difficulties and economic problems led to its abandonment.
At the beginning of the twentieth century the eastern shore of the Derwent was still little more than isolated villages, and homesteads. This remained the situation for the next forty years, until on 22 December 1943, the floating pontoon
style Hobart Bridge
was opened.
Despite soon developing a reputation of being treacherous to cross in stormy weather, and suffering delays caused by its lifting span opening to allow maritime traffic to pass, it created previously unprecedented access to the eastern shore. Almost immediately demand for residential property there increased. By 1947 the population of Clarence Plains had reached 5,000 for the first time.
In the 1950s, post-war demand for housing led the State Government
to create a public housing
programme, providing cheap accommodation to cope with returning servicemen, and the boom in migrant labour. Suburbs such as Bellerive
, Lindisfarne
, Montagu Bay, Tasmania
, Mornington, Tasmania
, Rosny, Tasmania
, and Warrane
all expanded dramatically throughout the 1950s and 1960s, and housing from the period still often bears the distinctive design patterns of former government housing. For many parts of the city electricity supply only arrived in the 1950s, and sealed roads, mains water
, and sewage
only began to be provided in the 1960s.
The eastern shore housing boom had highlighted the inadequacies of the Hobart Bridge
. Bad weather made it difficult to cross, and the massive increase in traffic in the 1950s led to severe congestion. The traffic problems, delays caused by the raising of the navigation section for maritime traffic, and the toll all proved extremely unpopular. The government announced plans to built a new bridge at a cost of £7 million, and in 1960, construction commenced on the Tasman Bridge
. It opened on 18 August 1964, and greatly increased the volume of traffic capable of crossing the river. The opening of the new bridge also saw the development of two new major connecting highways, the east-heading Tasman Highway
, and the north-heading East Derwent Highway
, greatly improving access both to, and through Clarence.
An increasing variety of services opened on the eastern shore. The Metropolitan Transport Trust
supported the expansion into the eastern shore, by opening up an excellent network of bus
routes into the municipality. In 1963 the Clarence War Memorial Pool
was constructed, and in 1965, Eastlands Shopping Centre opened in Rosny Park, being further expanded in 1971 and 1978. The shopping centre proved a commercial success, and helped drive growth on the eastern shore. By the mid 1970s the population had passed the 40,000 mark at an incredible post-war rate of growth.
But the late twentieth century also saw two terrible disasters occur with Clarence. Much of the municipality suffered terrible damage and many homes were lost during the infamous 1967 Tasmanian fires
. A second disaster occurred in the city in 1975 when the bulk carrier, Lake Illawarra collided with the Tasman Bridge
collapsing a section of roadway in the Tasman Bridge Disaster. Ironically, this event, which severed 'The Eastern Shore' from Hobart
for nearly three years, was responsible for considerable infrastructure growth on 'The Eastern Shore', leading to it being largely self-sustaining, and being declared a city in its own right by 1988.
In the 1970s and 1980s the expansion of the Municipality of Clarence continued. Many previously rural areas developed into residential areas. New suburbs arose, such as Flagstaff Gully
, Geilston Bay
, and Old Beach
to the north, and Cremorne
, Howrah
, Lauderdale
, Rokeby
, and Tranmere
towards the south of the city. At the same time, Rosny Park continued to grow in importance as the administrative centre of the city, with the Clarence Council Chambers, Bellerive Police Station and Bellerive Post Office all relocating there. Banking services also relocated branches, and many new retailers opened, complimenting the prosperous Eastlands Shopping Centre. Commonwealth government offices soon also began opening with services such as Centrelink
, the Australian Taxation Office
, and the National Archives of Australia
. The growth was such that the municipality was officially incorporated as a city
on 24 November 1988, with the population having grown beyond 50,000. In 1993, the nearby town of Richmond
was absorbed into the city of Clarence.
The launch of the council's 'Kangaroo Bay Urban Design Strategy and Concept Plan' saw an attempt to modernise the town-planning of the City Centre with a programme of regeneration, improved infrastructure and amenities, the creation of a foreshore promenade and more appropriate urban landscaping. The plan sees the Kangaroo Bay area divided into five distinct precincts; Rosny Parklands, Kangaroo Bay East, Ferry Wharf, Bellerive Yacht Club, and 'The Village'.
, Hobart
, and Kingborough form Greater Hobart
. The boundaries of the city stretch from the South Arm
peninsular in the south bordered by Ralph's Bay, to Seven Mile Beach and the Pitt Water in the east, bordered by Frederick Henry Bay, to the Municitpality of Sorell
in the north-east, and the Southern Midlands and Municipality of Brighton
to the north. The city's western border is the Derwent River along the entire length.
In terms of area, Clarence is one of the largest cities in Australia
, covering over 386 square kilometres, with 191 kilometres of coastline, including over twenty beaches, the most popular of which are Bellerive Beach, Howrah Beach, Seven Mile Beach and Clifton Beach. More than a third of the total city area is untouched bushland
, with many parks, and large areas given over to nature reserve
s.
The city has large areas of residential property interspersed with natural flora
, typically sclerophyll
bushland. The city is dominated by the long, low-lying range of hills known as the Meehan Range
which runs parallel to the river. A unique feature of both shores of the Derwent is the way that housing is only built to a certain height, preserving the natural skyline along the hill tops. There is large areas of farmland, and many vineyards, particularly in the Coal River valley
. It also includes some rural and non-urban areas, such as the South Arm
peninsular.
, Lindisfarne
, Montagu Bay
, Geilston Bay
, and Rosny
), others are named for geographical features (Flagstaff Gully
, Mount Rumney, and Roches Beach
). Some, such as Bellerive, Lindisfarne and Richmond
first developed as isolated villages, and others, such as Mornington
and Warrane
developed through public housing
programmes.
Much of the city along the eastern shore of the Derwent is a connected urban
environment, although primarily residential. From Cremorne
and Rokeby
in the south, Clarence continues uninterrupted to Old Beach
in the north. Other suburbs, such as Acton Park
, Cambridge
and Richmond
are isolated communities. Most suburbs are served by centralised commercial services that are found primarily in Rosny Park
which is the city's central business district
. Other commercial services are still provided in the older village centres in Bellerive, Howrah
, Lindisfarne and Richmond.
maritime
climate (Group C:Cfb, according to the Köppen climate classification
) with an average summer temperature of 21°C. On average, Clarence is warmer, and has less annual precipitation
than Hobart or Glenorchy. The southern regions of the city are notorious for being affected by strong southerly winds known locally as the 'sea breeze', particularly during summer months. The City of Clarence generally receives sunrise
two to three minutes before Hobart and Glenorchy, and sunset
is also experienced slightly after the western shore, due to the angle of shadow cast by Mount Wellington.
Residents of the City of Clarence are administered through three tiers of government, as part of the Australian federal government
system. The City of Clarence is a Tasmania
n Local Government Area administered by the Clarence City Council. Local authority, responsible for provision of such services as roads, libraries and planning permissions rests with the Clarence City Council.
Provision of services such as education
, policing, and health care
, rests with the Tasmanian State Government
. At State government level, the city constitutes the largest proportion of voters for the State elctoral division known as Franklin
. The top level of government administration rests with the Australia
n Commonwealth Government
, who are responsible for foreign affairs
, defence
, employment
, and taxation. Clarence constitutes a significant proportion of the Federal electoral division of Franklin
.
that consists of twelve aldermen that stand for four year terms. An election is held every two years in October, and half of the aldermen stand for re-election for another four year term. Two years later the other half stand for re-election. Unlike state and federal elections, voting in local elections is not compulsory.
The current Council of the City of Clarence as of 2009 are: Alderman Jock Campbell (Mayor), Alderman Doug Chipman (Deputy Mayor), Alderman Peter Cooper, Alderman Don Cusick, Alderman Beverley Evans, Alderman Richard James, Alderman Kay McFarlane, Alderman Martin McManus, Alderman Tony Mulder
, Alderman John Peers, Alderman David Traynor, and Alderman Sharyn von Bertouch.
. The boundaries of the electorate of Franklin at Federal level are also the same as those of the State Division of Franklin
for the Tasmanian House of Assembly
(lower house). For the State Legislative Council
, the City of Clarence falls within the electoral boundaries of both Pembroke
, and Rumney
.
Franklin voters tend to be swing voters, and although there have been long periods of occupation by one major party or the other, Franklin has never been a safe seat
. The longest-serving member was William McWilliams
who held the seat in two separate terms for over 20 years. Although during this period he served as a member of five different Australian political parties, and as an independent member
. Liberal
(conservative
) member Charles Falkinder
was the longest-serving member who only represented one party, holding the seat from 1946 until 1966. Liberal member Bruce Goodluck
also held he seat for 18 years from 1975 until 1993, but since then the seat has been safely in Labor
hands, with Harry Quick
(1993–2007), and Julie Collins
(2007-) holding the seat.
The Legislative Council
seat of Pembroke
was a non-party seat until 1959. Since then it has twice been held by independent members, but Liberal
politician Peter McKay
held the seat from 1976 to 1999. The current member is Labor's
Allison Ritchie
who has held the seat since 2001. In Rumney
, the other Legislative Council seat within Clarence, the current member is Labor's Lin Thorp
, who has held the seat since 1999.
, who are the sole law-enforcement agency in all of Tasmania. There is no local urban police force. Tasmania Police's 'East Command' district is administered from Bellerive Police Station, which is now located in Rosny Park.
A 'Night Watch' had been established in Bellerive in the late 1820s, and by the 1830s, trooper
police were operating throughout the district, with local gaols and constabularies located at Bellerive, Richmond, Cambridge and Sorrell. A new Bellerive Police Station and Watch House was completed in 1842, and has subsequently been used as municipal council chambers, a district library and the CIB headquarters, but at present it is used as a Community Arts Centre. The introduction of the Police Regulation Act 1898, which came into being on 1 January 1899, saw the creation of one unified police force for the whole colony. Bellerive Police Station remained one of the major regional stations, responsible for the 'Eastern District', comprising the municipal areas of Brighton, Central Highlands, Clarence, Derwent Valley, Glamorgan-Spring Bay, Sorell, Southern Midlands and Tasman (Tasman Peninsular). When Rosny Park grew in importance as the administrative centre of Clarence, Bellerive Police Station was relocated there. The station remains the administrative Headquarters of 'East Command'.
Crime rates are generally low within the city, and Clarence is seen as an extremely safe place to live. According to 2006 statistics, the rate of homicide in the Greater-Hobart/Southern Region was 1.7 per 100,000, well below the national average. The rate of robberies was 33.2 per 100,000, also well below the national average. Motor vehicle crime was 551.4 per 100,000, slightly below the national average, although a significant decrease on the 2001 figure (613.9/100,000).
surgeries within the Municipality of Clarence prior to the Tasman Bridge Disaster. The isolation caused by the severing of the bridge, and the inability of patients to travel across the river for treatment highlighted the need for local health care
services on the eastern shore. The Bayfield Healthcare Centre (now known as the Clarence Community Health Centre) was developed at considerable cost to the state government, but soon became the City's primary health care provider. Whilst it is definitely not large enough to be considered a hospital
, recent upgrading has seen the centre fall into the super clinic
category.
The first school opened within Clarence Plains was the Kangaroo Point School (now Bellerive Primary School) in 1842. However, prior to the Tasman Bridge disaster
, there were few schools within the Municipality of Clarence. The isolation caused by the severing of contact between the shores when the Tasman Bridge
collapsed, led to the establishment of many new facilities on the eastern shore, including new schools.
There are thirteen government, and six religious primary schools in Clarence. The government primary schools are: Bellerive Primary School, Cambridge Primary School, Clarendon Vale Primary School, Howrah Primary School, Lauderdale Primary School, Lindisfarne Primary School, Lindisfarne North Primary School, Montagu Bay Primary School, Richmond Primary School, Rokeby Primary School, South Arm Primary School, The Cottage School, and Warrane Primary School. The religious primary schools in Clarence are: Corpus Christi School, Eastside Christian School, Emmanuel Christian School, John Paul II Primary School, St Cuthbert's Primary School, and St Johns School. During the period of isolation caused by the Tasman Bridge Disaster, The Friends' School
established the Sherwood Primary School as an eastern shore branch for pupils in kindergarten to grade 2.
There are six High School
s within the City of Clarence. These are Clarence High School, Emmanuel Christian School
, Geilston Bay High School
, MacKillop College, Rokeby High School, and Rose Bay High School
. The senior secondary Rosny College
is also situated in the heart of Clarence. There is also a campus of TAFE Tasmania
Technical and Further Education
college.
Despite the existence of small scale manufacturing
, agriculture
, and viticulture
,it is retail
and government administration
that provide the primary impetus of local economy. Centred upon the administrative and commercial centre of the city at Rosny Park
, retail provides the largest sector of the local economy, much of which in generated through Eastlands Shopping Centre, and the nearby shops of Bligh Street and Bastick Street.
The primary export product of the City of Clarence is now wine
. Based primarily around the Coal River valley
between Richmond
and Acton Park
, the city's viticulture
industry is exemplified by European style wines, that are located at a similar latitude to French and German regions such as Champagne, Lorraine
, Baden
and Rheingau
.
Clarence is connected to Glenorchy
via the Bowen Bridge
, and Hobart via the Tasman Bridge
, both over the Derwent River
. It is connected to Sorell
at Midway Point
by the 19th century historic convict built Sorell Causeway
. The Sorrell Causway and Tasman Bridge both form part of the Tasman Highway
(A3) which is the major east-west thoroughfare through the city. The East Derwent Highway
(B32) also connects to the Tasman Bridge, but heads northwards instead, and eventually reconnects with the Midlands Highway
(A1) at Bridgewater
.
Rosny Park Transit Mall
serves as the hub for Metro Tasmania
bus transportation within the city, which is the primary provider of public transportation in Clarence. Bus routes reach almost all major residential areas within the city. Hobart Yellow Water Cab
ferry service operates regular services between Bellerive Quay
and Sullivans Cove on weekdays, and also operates on match-days at Bellerive Oval
.
remains so, and is now provided by the Clarence City Council. Their main public supply reservoir is Risdon Brook Dam. Ironically, it was the poor supply from this water source during summer months that originally led to the abandonment of the initial British camp at Risdon Cove. However its supply during wet months is ample, and the catchment at Risdon Brook Dam provides much of the city's supply. This is supplemented by pipes that run under the carriageway of the Tasman Bridge
. During the Tasman Bridge disaster
, many witnesses recalled seeing large quantities of water gushing from the western side of the break in the bridge, and this was caused by these water supply pipes having been severed.
Electricity supply within the City of Clarence is administered by Aurora Energy
on behalf of Hydro Tasmania
, the state's sole electricity supply company. 99% of energy is generated by hydroelectricity
. There is no provision for mains gas supply anywhere within the City of Clarence.
The council now sponsors an exhibition programme of arts at the historic Rosny Farm property. In 2006 the farmhouse was redeveloped in sympathy with its heritage to allow new visual and performing arts spaces.
One area where the Clarence City Council has been particularly effective is in developing Community Arts events. For many years the Carols by Candlelight
festival held annually in Charles Hand Park in the heart of the city, has continued to draw crowds of upwards of 20,000. Other annual events organised by the council include the City of Clarence Australia Day Festival, the Clarence Jazz Festival, and the Clarence Seafarers Festival - incorporating the Bellerive Regatta.
is the daily The Mercury
. In 1985 a local free weekly newspaper The Southern Star was begun by publisher Harris & Co, however the difficult advertising market in a small community meant it could not sustain a rivalry with the The Mercury, and it closed in December 1995. The Eastern Shore Sun is a freely delivered newspaper detailing local issues and events in the City of Clarence.
Television is provided by five licensed operators, the government provided Australian Broadcasting Corporation
, and Special Broadcasting Service
, and the commercial operators WIN Television
and Southern Cross Television
. In 2004 Tasmanian Digital Television was developed as a collaborative effort between WIN and Southern Cross to develop a digital broadcasting
television service.
The City of Clarence has a very active culture of sports. It is home to one of Australia's nine test cricket
grounds in Bellerive Oval
. The ground usually hosts Australian
home tests once every two years, and one-day international
s on an annual basis. It is also the home ground for the Tasmanian Tigers
, Tasmania's first-class cricket
team.
Bellerive Oval is also home to two of the cities elite sports teams, the Clarence District Cricket Club
who compete in the Tasmanian Grade Cricket
competition, and the Clarence Football Club
, known colloquially as 'The Roos' who compete in the Tasmanian Football League
, both of whom are semi-professional
. Both sides also have derby
rivals also based within the City of Clarence. For the cricket side, rivals Lindisfarne Cricket Club
are located 3 km (2 mi) to the north, and for the Australian Rules football side, Lauderdale Football Club
are located 7 km (4 mi) to the South.
Both teams have proved extremely successful: Clarence Football Club won the Tasmanian Football League
in 1970, 1979, 1981, 1984, 1993–94, 1996–97, and 2000 (9 times in total), as well as winning the Southern Football League
in 2001, 2002, 2004, and 2006 (4 total), during the period in which the statewide league was not competed for. Clarence District Cricket Club have won 11 TCA Premierships
in 1981-82,1982–83,1983–84,1984–85,1987–88,1988–89,1989–90,1990–91,1994–95,2002–2003, and 2003-2004.
Other amateur cricket clubs, Montagu Bay Cricket Club, St. Aidans Cricket Club Inc. and Richmond Cricket Club are also based within Clarence, but compete in the Kookaburra Southern Cricket Association rather than the Tasmanian Grade Competition.
Clarence United
based at Wentworth Park
, Howrah
is the cities premier football team, and compete in the Southern Premier League
. Less successful than their cricket and Australian Rules rivals, Clarence United have been Southern Premier League champions
on one occasion in 1998, and have never been State champions
. Nelson Eastern Suburbs Soccer Club is also based in Clarence, and competes in a lower league of the Tasmanian football competition.
(home to the State Swimming Championships until 1998), the Clarence Sports Centre
, and Wentworth Park
, one of the state's premier amateur football and hockey venues.
Along with Clarence Sports Centre, Bellerive Sports Centre and Warrane Sports Centre provide facilities for sports such as basketball
, indoor football, squash
, tennis
and badminton
. Warrane Hockey Centre is the city's best quality hockey
facility. Nearby Edgeworth Street is home to a baseball ground
and the Eastern Shore Indoor Cricket Centre is one of the state's best indoor cricket
facilities. North Warrane Oval is home to Eastern Suburbs Rugby Union Football Club Inc.
competing in the Tasmanian Rugby Union
statewide League.
There is also a very active club sports community within most of these sports. Tennis
, golf
and bowls
are also popular, particularly amongst older adults. Rosny Park Public Golf Course is a 9-hole golf course
located in the heart of the city, but there are also seven other course located throughout Clarence, including Tasmania's premier club, the Tasmanian Golf Club.
Most local schools participate in school competitions in major popular sports such as association football (also sometimes referred to as soccer in Australia), Australian rules football
, cricket
, hockey
, netball
, swimming
and athletics. Many of these schools are equipped with their own home grounds for many of these sports and almost all at least have cricket grounds.
Bellerive Yacht Club
is located within the city on the shore of the Derwent River in Kangaroo Bay. It is the second largest sailing club in southern Tasmania with over 800 members, and an annual turnover of over A$
1 million. The club also host the annual Bellerive Regatta every February.
Other water sports and boating activities such as sailing
, boating
, fishing
and diving
are also popular within the city, which has eleven boat ramps, and numerous jetties. Cycling
is also a popular activity, and several kilometres of cycleways exist within the city, particularly following the shoreline. Horse riding facilities can be found at Acton
and surfing
is popular at Clifton
and Goats Beaches.
, an increase of 53 from the 2001 census.
51% of Clarence residents over the age of 15 were married, 12% were separated or divorced, 7% were widowed, and 30% never married.
The City of Clarence is a primarily residential city with 20,737 dwellings, although small scale manufacturing
, agriculture
, viticulture
, retail
and government administration
are all prevalent.
The majority of the residences (17,298) in Clarence are separate detached houses (90%), although 998 residences were attached housing (5%), 831 were flats
(4%), and there was also 94 other residences which did not fall into any of these categories. There was an average of 2.5 persons per dwelling, and out of the 20,737 residences 1,532 or 7% were vacant. 37% of occupied dwellings were privately owned, a further 37% were mortgaged, 20% rented, and the rest rent-free or under some other form of tenure. The average house price in Clarence is A$
310,000. The average weekly mortgage cost is $243, and the average cost of rent is $150.
The major sectors of employment are retail
(20%), education
(12%), health
and Community services
(12%), property management
and business
services (5%), and construction
and trade
s (5%).
The average weekly income of Clarence residents (August 2006) is $458, which is $60 above the state average. The median household income is $1,124, $92 above the states average, and proves to be an average increase of 8% from the 2001 average.
85% of residents of Clarence were born in Tasmania, similar to the state average of 83%. Of those, 92% identified as being Anglo-Celtic Australian
. However this proportion has decreased by 1.1% from the 2001 figure. 91% of residents were Australian citizens, exactly the same as the state figure. Of those not born in Tasmania, the next most common birthplaces were England
(1,996 or 4.0% of total), New Zealand
(335, 0.7%), Scotland
(288, 0.6%), Germany
(228, 0.5%), and the Netherlands
(182, 0.4%).
92% of Clarence residents spoke English
as their primary language. Other languages identified as frequently spoken within the city were Greek
(199 speakers), German
(157), Italian
(107), Spanish
(80), and Dutch
(60). 3,155 residents identified various other languages as regularly spoken within the city.
The most commonly identified religious beliefs amongst residents of the City of Clarence were Anglicanism
(16,217, or 21%), Roman Catholic (10,610, or 19%), and Uniting
(2,331, or 2%). 9,917 residents (20%) belonged to various other faiths, and 9,611 (or 5%) identified as having no religion
.
City
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
and Local Government Area in Tasmania
Tasmania
Tasmania is an Australian island and state. It is south of the continent, separated by Bass Strait. The state includes the island of Tasmania—the 26th largest island in the world—and the surrounding islands. The state has a population of 507,626 , of whom almost half reside in the greater Hobart...
, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
. Along with Hobart
City of Hobart
The City of Hobart is a Local Government Area of Tasmania, Australia. It is one of three local government areas covering the metropolitan area of the state capital, Hobart.-Government:...
and Glenorchy
City of Glenorchy
The City of Glenorchy is a Local Government Area of Tasmania which covers several northern suburbs of Hobart including the suburb of Glenorchy by the same name. The city is managed by Glenorchy City Council. Current mayor is Stuart Slade.- History :...
, Clarence is one of the three cities that constitute the Greater Hobart Area.
The City of Clarence is located between the eastern shore of the Derwent River
Derwent River (Tasmania)
The Derwent is a river in Tasmania, Australia. It was named after the River Derwent, Cumbria by British Commodore John Hayes who explored it in 1793. The name is Brythonic Celtic for "valley thick with oaks"....
to the west, Pitt Water and the Coal River valley
Coal River Valley
The Coal River Valley in located in the City of Clarence, Tasmania and is a primarily agrarian area to the west of the city, located between the townships of Cambridge, and Richmond...
to the east, the Meehan Range
Meehan Range
The Meehan Range is a prominent geographical feature of steep hills running parallel to the Derwent River on Hobart's eastern shore. It is located in the City of Clarence, Tasmania...
to the north, and Storm Bay
Storm Bay
Storm Bay is a large bay in the south-east of Tasmania, Australia. It is the entrance to the Derwent River estuary and the port of Hobart, the capital city of Tasmania.It is bordered by Bruny Island to the west and the Tasman Peninsula to the east....
to the south. Being on the eastern shore of the Derwent River, it is located opposite to Hobart and Glenorchy, both of which are located on the western shore. Despite only being the 29th largest city in Australia in terms of population (52,935), it is the 9th largest city in Australia in terms of area (386 km² or 149.0 sq mi). Despite this, more than one third of the city remains untouched bushland
Bushland
Bushland is any area in Australia that is predominantly indigenous flora and fauna.Bushland is the term commonly used by conservation protection groups and other environmental groups as a blanket term for natural vegetation, which may cover any kind of habitat from open shrubby country with few...
. The administrative centre of Clarence at Rosny Park
Rosny Park, Tasmania
Rosny Park is a suburb of Hobart, Tasmania, located in the City of Clarence on the eastern shore of the Derwent River. It is about five kilometres from the city centre of Hobart...
is approximately 5 kilometres from the CBD
Central business district
A central business district is the commercial and often geographic heart of a city. In North America this part of a city is commonly referred to as "downtown" or "city center"...
of Hobart.
The City of Clarence is administered by the Clarence City Council, and is home to both the Hobart International Airport
Hobart International Airport
Hobart International Airport is an airport located in Cambridge, east of Hobart, Tasmania. The Federal government owned airport is currently being operated on a 99 year lease to the Tasmanian Gateway Consortium. The airport has seen strong passenger growth in the last few years, primarily due to...
and Bellerive Oval
Bellerive Oval
Bellerive Oval, also known as its sponsored name Blundstone Arena, is primarily a cricket and Australian Rules Football ground located in Bellerive, City of Clarence, on the eastern shore of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia...
. Rosny Park is the main commercial district in the east of Greater Hobart (featuring Eastlands Shopping Centre) and also the administrative centre of the City of Clarence.
The area that now constitutes the City of Clarence was once part of the traditional land of the Moomairemener, a sub-group of the Tasmanian Aborigines
Tasmanian Aborigines
The Tasmanian Aborigines were the indigenous people of the island state of Tasmania, Australia. Before British colonisation in 1803, there were an estimated 3,000–15,000 Parlevar. A number of historians point to introduced disease as the major cause of the destruction of the full-blooded...
. In 1803, the island of Tasmania (then Van Diemen's Land) was colonised
Van Diemen's Land
Van Diemen's Land was the original name used by most Europeans for the island of Tasmania, now part of Australia. The Dutch explorer Abel Tasman was the first European to land on the shores of Tasmania...
by United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was the formal name of the United Kingdom during the period when what is now the Republic of Ireland formed a part of it....
, who subsequently established the settlement of Hobart Town. By the 1820s the settlement had spread to the 'Clarence Plains', but the area remained primarily agricultural until the mid to late 20th century, when it experienced a residential development boom. Since then Clarence has grown rapidly to become a self-sufficient city.
Etymology
William IV of the United Kingdom
William IV was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death...
. From 1789 until 1830, when he ascended the throne, he was titled His Royal Highness The Duke of Clarence and St Andrews
Duke of Clarence
Duke of Clarence is a title which has been traditionally awarded to junior members of the English and British Royal families. The first three creations were in the Peerage of England, the fourth in the Peerage of Great Britain, and the fifth in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.The title was first...
. It was during this period that the British settlement of Hobart was founded in 1803.
Prior to the establishment of the British colony there, Captain
Captain (nautical)
A sea captain is a licensed mariner in ultimate command of the vessel. The captain is responsible for its safe and efficient operation, including cargo operations, navigation, crew management and ensuring that the vessel complies with local and international laws, as well as company and flag...
John Hayes
John Hayes (explorer)
Sir John Hayes was an 18th century explorer for the British East India Company, who explored eastern Tasmania and named the Derwent River in 1793.-References:John Hayes is one of the unsung heroes of animation....
of the East India Company
East India Company
The East India Company was an early English joint-stock company that was formed initially for pursuing trade with the East Indies, but that ended up trading mainly with the Indian subcontinent and China...
had sailed up the Derwent River, with the vessels Duke of Clarence and the Duchess of Bengal in 1793. Relieved at making landfall following an arduous crossing of the Indian Ocean
Indian Ocean
The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering approximately 20% of the water on the Earth's surface. It is bounded on the north by the Indian Subcontinent and Arabian Peninsula ; on the west by eastern Africa; on the east by Indochina, the Sunda Islands, and...
, Hayes named the region around Rokeby
Rokeby, Tasmania
Rokeby is a suburb of Hobart, capital of Tasmania, Australia. It is located on the eastern shore of the Derwent River and is part of the City of Clarence Local Government Area....
as 'Clarence Plains', in honour of the vessel having delivered them safely to a sanctuary. The vessel in turn, had been initially named in honour of the then future King. Almost immediately following the exploration of the region following the settlement of Hobart in 1803, Hayes name of 'Clarence Plains' fell into common use.
For over half a century, this was the name of the entire eastern shore of the Derwent River south of the Meehan Range
Meehan Range
The Meehan Range is a prominent geographical feature of steep hills running parallel to the Derwent River on Hobart's eastern shore. It is located in the City of Clarence, Tasmania...
. When it was first incorporated as a municipality
Municipality
A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...
in 1860, the region became referred to as the 'Municipality of Clarence'. This was to remain the name of the region until 1988, when Clarence was officially declared a city
City
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
, and the name changed to the 'City of Clarence'. It is not usual for Clarence residents to be referred to by a gentilic, and if so they are usually given the title Hobartians along with all other residents of Greater Hobart, however locally they are usually identified as being 'from the eastern shore'.
History
Pre-history
It is believed the indigenous Tasmanian AboriginesTasmanian Aborigines
The Tasmanian Aborigines were the indigenous people of the island state of Tasmania, Australia. Before British colonisation in 1803, there were an estimated 3,000–15,000 Parlevar. A number of historians point to introduced disease as the major cause of the destruction of the full-blooded...
have lived in Tasmania for at least 35,000 years. Whilst there is little evidence of their occupation, Aboriginal middens can often be found along the coastline of the City of Clarence, indicating that they hunted, and searched for seafood and shellfish in the region.
Prior to the arrival of the British, there was nine distinctive 'nation
Nation
A nation may refer to a community of people who share a common language, culture, ethnicity, descent, and/or history. In this definition, a nation has no physical borders. However, it can also refer to people who share a common territory and government irrespective of their ethnic make-up...
s' or 'tribes' within Tasmania. The eastern shore seems to have been home to the Moomairemener. It is not known if they were a separate nation, or a sub-group of the Oyster Bay Clan (Paredarerme) whose territory stretched from the Tasman Peninsula
Tasman Peninsula
Tasman Peninsula is located around by road south-east of Hobart, at the south east corner of Tasmania, Australia.-Description:The Tasman Peninsula lies south and west of Forestier Peninsula, to which it is connected by an isthmus called Eaglehawk Neck...
r to St Patrick's Head, just south of the modern Tasmanian township of St Mary's.
For the Moomairemener the area along the eastern shore of the Derwent was known as 'Nannyelebata'. They valued the region for its rich variety of birds, animals, seafood, and vegetation. The Coal River Valley
Coal River Valley
The Coal River Valley in located in the City of Clarence, Tasmania and is a primarily agrarian area to the west of the city, located between the townships of Cambridge, and Richmond...
, Flagstaff Gully
Flagstaff Gully, Tasmania
Flagstaff Gully is a suburb of the City of Clarence in Tasmania, Australia. It is part of greater Hobart. It is located in the hills east of Lindisfarne. The Flagstaff Gully Reservoir is in the area....
, Risdon Vale
Risdon Vale, Tasmania
Risdon Vale is an outer suburb of Hobart, capital of Tasmania, Australia.Located on the Eastern Shore of the Derwent River, and adjacent to Risdon Cove, which was the site of the first British settlement in Van Diemen's Land....
, Risdon Cove
Risdon Cove
Risdon Cove was the site of the first British settlement in Van Diemen's Land, now Tasmania, the smallest Australian state. Risdon Cove, which was named after William Bellamy Risdon, second officer of the ship Duke of Clarence. Risdon served under Lt...
and the southern Meehan Range
Meehan Range
The Meehan Range is a prominent geographical feature of steep hills running parallel to the Derwent River on Hobart's eastern shore. It is located in the City of Clarence, Tasmania...
were all regions that were within the traditional spring and summer hunting-grounds of the Moomairemener people, bringing them into conflict with the British invaders within five months of the establishment of the camp at Risdon Cove. This initial conflict grew into the Black War
Black War
The Black War is a term used to describe a period of conflict between British colonists and Tasmanian Aborigines in the early nineteenth century...
, which devastated the population of the native Tasmanians. The descendants of the indigenous Tasmanians now refer to themselves collectively as 'Palawa
Tasmanian Aborigines
The Tasmanian Aborigines were the indigenous people of the island state of Tasmania, Australia. Before British colonisation in 1803, there were an estimated 3,000–15,000 Parlevar. A number of historians point to introduced disease as the major cause of the destruction of the full-blooded...
'.
European settlement
Tasmania
Tasmania is an Australian island and state. It is south of the continent, separated by Bass Strait. The state includes the island of Tasmania—the 26th largest island in the world—and the surrounding islands. The state has a population of 507,626 , of whom almost half reside in the greater Hobart...
(then Van Diemen's Land
Van Diemen's Land
Van Diemen's Land was the original name used by most Europeans for the island of Tasmania, now part of Australia. The Dutch explorer Abel Tasman was the first European to land on the shores of Tasmania...
) in 1803 at Risdon Cove
Risdon Cove
Risdon Cove was the site of the first British settlement in Van Diemen's Land, now Tasmania, the smallest Australian state. Risdon Cove, which was named after William Bellamy Risdon, second officer of the ship Duke of Clarence. Risdon served under Lt...
. At the time Napoleonic France and Great Britain
Great Britain
Great Britain or Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island, as well as the largest of the British Isles...
were at war with each other. Fearing the arrival of French explorers who may have wished to make a rival claim to the island of Van Diemen's Land
Van Diemen's Land
Van Diemen's Land was the original name used by most Europeans for the island of Tasmania, now part of Australia. The Dutch explorer Abel Tasman was the first European to land on the shores of Tasmania...
, the then Governor of New South Wales, Philip Gidley King
Philip Gidley King
Captain Philip Gidley King RN was a British naval officer and colonial administrator. He is best known as the official founder of the first European settlement on Norfolk Island and as the third Governor of New South Wales.-Early years and establishment of Norfolk Island settlement:King was born...
dispatched a young 23-year-old Lieutenant
Lieutenant
A lieutenant is a junior commissioned officer in many nations' armed forces. Typically, the rank of lieutenant in naval usage, while still a junior officer rank, is senior to the army rank...
by the name of John Bowen
John Bowen (colonist)
John Bowen was a naval officer and colonial administrator. Led the first settlement of Tasmania at Risdon Cove. He was the son of James Bowen, and was born at Ilfracombe, Devon, England.-Early career:...
to establish a colony there. The first vessel of his party, Lady Nelson
Lady Nelson
The Royal Navy purchased Lady Nelson in 1799. She spent her career exploring the coast of Australia in the early years of the 19th century. She was the first known vessel to sail eastward through Bass Strait, the first to sail along the South coast of Victoria, as well as the first to enter Port...
arrived in the Derwent on Wednesday, 8 September 1803, and Bowen arrived five days later aboard HMS Albion
HMS Albion (1802)
HMS Albion was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. She was launched at Perry's Blackwall Yard on the Thames on 17 June 1802...
.
Bowen selected the inlet at Risdon Cove, as when he had arrived in Spring the nearby stream was in full-flow. However within months it had dried up, and his camp was in despair for want of water. The site at Risdon Cove was badly affect by inconsistent water supply, and stagnation of the inlet during the late summer.
David Collins (governor)
Colonel David Collins was the first Lieutenant Governor of the Colony of Van Diemens Land, founded in 1804, which in 1901 became the state of Tasmania in the Commonwealth of Australia.-Early life and military career:...
, who had been dispatched directly from England aboard HMS Calcutta
HMS Calcutta
Five ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Calcutta, after the Indian city of Calcutta .* The first HMS Calcutta was a 54-gun fourth rate, originally the East Indiaman Warley and purchased in 1795, captured by the French in 1805 and destroyed by British ships in 1809.* The second HMS Calcutta...
with HMS Ocean
HMS Ocean
Six ships that were built for the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Ocean. The name Ocean entered the list from which names are selected for British ships in 1759, when the Royal Navy captured the French ship named Océan...
as a supply vessel, to establish a colony at Port Phillip
Port Phillip
Port Phillip Port Phillip Port Phillip (also commonly referred to as Port Phillip Bay or (locally) just The Bay, is a large bay in southern Victoria, Australia; it is the location of Melbourne. Geographically, the bay covers and the shore stretches roughly . Although it is extremely shallow for...
, he redirected Collins' expedition to the Derwent.
Collin's party arrived on the Derwent River on 16 February 1804, and immediately became becalmed in Storm Bay
Storm Bay
Storm Bay is a large bay in the south-east of Tasmania, Australia. It is the entrance to the Derwent River estuary and the port of Hobart, the capital city of Tasmania.It is bordered by Bruny Island to the west and the Tasman Peninsula to the east....
. Collin's dispatched troops to row ashore off what is now Rokeby
Rokeby, Tasmania
Rokeby is a suburb of Hobart, capital of Tasmania, Australia. It is located on the eastern shore of the Derwent River and is part of the City of Clarence Local Government Area....
to march overland to the camp at Risdon and announce their arrival. The party found navigating the thick Australian bushland
Bushland
Bushland is any area in Australia that is predominantly indigenous flora and fauna.Bushland is the term commonly used by conservation protection groups and other environmental groups as a blanket term for natural vegetation, which may cover any kind of habitat from open shrubby country with few...
hard-going, but did gain useful intelligence as the nature of the area. In the end, they only arrived shortly before the ships were able to navigate up-river.
Upon his arrival, Collins discovered the camp in such a state of despair for want of water, it was threatened with collapse. He immediately set about his first task of relocating the colony to the mouth of the Hobart Rivulet
Hobart Rivulet
The Hobart Rivulet flows down from Mount Wellington and underneath the city of Hobart into the River Derwent.The rivulet was an important source of drinking water for the Mouheneener Aborigines, and later for the first European settlers. The site for Hobart was originally chosen in part due to the...
on Sullivans Cove. From there, the city of Hobart grew.
The relocation of the colony did not end the desire to settle the eastern shore of the Derwent though. Within the first few years following the establishment of Hobart Town, difficulties in growing crops led to difficulties providing food. The initial intelligence from the soldiers that had marched overland from Rokeby to Risdon Vale, and subsequent explorations suggested the plains on the eastern shore of the Derwent were more suited to agriculture.
The successful establishment of crops on Clarence Plains was vital to the survival of Hobart Town. When new settlers arrived from Norfolk Island
Norfolk Island
Norfolk Island is a small island in the Pacific Ocean located between Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia. The island is part of the Commonwealth of Australia, but it enjoys a large degree of self-governance...
in 1808, some were granted land in the Derwent Valley, and others upon Clarence Plains. Very soon a mixture of mansions and fine houses, cottages, inns and churches began to be built in the area. However the population growth on the eastern shore was much slower than that of Hobart Town, despite the close proximity of the young town. By the 1810s, a ferryman was making regular crossings of the Derwent between Sullivans Cove, and 'Kangaroo Point', near where the ferry still arrives at Bellerive Quay
Bellerive, Tasmania
Bellerive is a suburb of the City of Clarence, part of the greater Hobart area, Tasmania, Australia. It stretches from Kangaroo Bay where it borders Rosny Park, around the curved shoreline of Bellerive Esplanade to Kangaroo Bluff, then down to Bellerive Beach and east to Second Bluff, where...
. The point was so-called due to the large numbers of Kangaroos
KangaROOS
KangaROOS are an American brand of sneaker originally produced from 1979 through the 1980s, with a later revival that continues in present. They were notable for having a small zippered pocket on the side of the shoe, large enough for a small amount of loose change, keys, or more recently,...
that would be seen grazing there in the first few decades after European arrival. By the late 1810s, farmers, timbermen, and pioneers had begun settling on the eastern shore of the Derwent River.
19th century
Bellerive, Tasmania
Bellerive is a suburb of the City of Clarence, part of the greater Hobart area, Tasmania, Australia. It stretches from Kangaroo Bay where it borders Rosny Park, around the curved shoreline of Bellerive Esplanade to Kangaroo Bluff, then down to Bellerive Beach and east to Second Bluff, where...
, making it the first site of permanent settlement in Clarence Plains. Bellerive was well fed by a freshwater stream that emptied into Kangaroo Bay, and it still exists running parallel to Rosny Park Public Golf Course as a storm water culvert.
The next areas within Clarence Plains to be settled on the eastern shore of Hobart's Derwent River, were Rosny
Rosny, Tasmania
Rosny is a suburb of the City of Clarence, part of the greater Hobart area, Tasmania, Australia. It is located on the eastern shore of the Derwent River, between the suburbs of Montagu Bay and Rosny Park, approximately 4 kilometres from Hobart's centre. Rosny is the residential part of its...
, and its neighbours Montagu Bay
Montagu Bay, Tasmania
Montagu Bay is a suburb of Hobart, Tasmania, located in the City of Clarence on the eastern shore of the Derwent River, about four kilometres from the city centre of greater Hobart. It is a small primarily residential suburb squeezed in between Rosny, Rose Bay and Lindisfarne and is centred around...
and Lindisfarne
Lindisfarne, Tasmania
Lindisfarne is a suburb of Hobart's Eastern Shore, located approximately 6 kilometres from the City Centre and is part of the municipal City of Clarence.-History:...
to the north. Private properties had been built in each of these localities by the late 1820s, commanding excellent views across the Derwent to Hobart Town and Mount Wellington
Mount Wellington (Tasmania)
Mount Wellington is a mountain on whose foothills is built much of the city of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. It is often referred to simply as 'the Mountain' by the residents of Hobart, and it rises to AHD over the city....
. All three suburbs are named after the three fine houses established. Although private estates and farms began to spring up throughout the district, settlements were generally isolated, with Bellerive
Bellerive, Tasmania
Bellerive is a suburb of the City of Clarence, part of the greater Hobart area, Tasmania, Australia. It stretches from Kangaroo Bay where it borders Rosny Park, around the curved shoreline of Bellerive Esplanade to Kangaroo Bluff, then down to Bellerive Beach and east to Second Bluff, where...
, Cambridge
Cambridge, Tasmania
Cambridge is a suburb in the greater area of Hobart, capital of Tasmania, Australia. It is in the City of Clarence Local Government Area. The suburb is situated in close proximity with Hobart International Airport and the Cambridge Aerodrome, and is approximately 18 km to Hobart via the Tasman...
, Lindisfarne, and Richmond
Richmond, Tasmania
Richmond is a town in Tasmania about 25 km north-east of Hobart, in the Coal River region, between the Midland Highway and Tasman Highway. At the 2006 census, Richmond had a population of 880....
the only major settlements of note. In 1836, Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's Land, George Arthur
George Arthur
Lieutenant-General Sir George Arthur, 1st Baronet KCH PC was Lieutenant Governor of British Honduras , Van Diemen's Land and Upper Canada . He also served as Governor of Bombay .-Early life:George Arthur was born in Plymouth, England...
divided the island into administrative counties, and Clarence Plains fell into Pembrokeshire. Despite this, the Clarence Plains region became a municipality
Municipality
A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...
in its own right in 1860. In 1862, Bellerive also became the administrative centre of the municipality, and the Eastern Police District, but for much of the late nineteenth century, Clarence Plains experienced little development, remaining primarily agricultural.
A review of colonial defences in the 1870s saw a complete overhaul of the coastal defences of Hobart, and a new fortress called Kangaroo Battery was constructed between 1880 and 1888 just to the south of Bellerive
Bellerive, Tasmania
Bellerive is a suburb of the City of Clarence, part of the greater Hobart area, Tasmania, Australia. It stretches from Kangaroo Bay where it borders Rosny Park, around the curved shoreline of Bellerive Esplanade to Kangaroo Bluff, then down to Bellerive Beach and east to Second Bluff, where...
. An industry that flourished throughout Clarence Plains was fruit growing, and by the 1880s several prosperous orchards were located within the region. A rare attempt at commercial opportunism was the short-lived Bellerive-Sorell Railway (1892 until 1926) which had its terminus on a long jetty extending into the Bay on reclaimed land that now makes up part of the Bellerive Boardwalk. It was hoped that is could eventually be connected to the Tasmanian Main Line
Tasmanian Main Line Company
The Tasmanian Main Line Company was a private railway that opened a narrow gauge line from Hobart to Evandale, near Launceston, where it connected with the Launceston and Western Railway.- Initial proposals :...
at Brighton
Brighton, Tasmania
Brighton is a suburb 27km north of Hobart, in Tasmania, Australia. It lies between Pontville and the outer Hobart suburb of Bridgewater on the Midland Highway. At the 2006 census, Brighton had a population of 3,145.-History:...
, thus providing rail access to the south of Clarence Plains, Sorrell and the Tasman Peninsular, but engineering difficulties and economic problems led to its abandonment.
20th century
Pontoon bridge
A pontoon bridge or floating bridge is a bridge that floats on water and in which barge- or boat-like pontoons support the bridge deck and its dynamic loads. While pontoon bridges are usually temporary structures, some are used for long periods of time...
style Hobart Bridge
Hobart Bridge
The Hobart Bridge was a pontoon bridge that crossed the River Derwent, connecting the eastern and western Shores of the City of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.- History :...
was opened.
Despite soon developing a reputation of being treacherous to cross in stormy weather, and suffering delays caused by its lifting span opening to allow maritime traffic to pass, it created previously unprecedented access to the eastern shore. Almost immediately demand for residential property there increased. By 1947 the population of Clarence Plains had reached 5,000 for the first time.
In the 1950s, post-war demand for housing led the State Government
Government of Tasmania
The form of the Government of Tasmania is prescribed in its Constitution, which dates from 1856, although it has been amended many times since then...
to create a public housing
Public housing
Public housing is a form of housing tenure in which the property is owned by a government authority, which may be central or local. Social housing is an umbrella term referring to rental housing which may be owned and managed by the state, by non-profit organizations, or by a combination of the...
programme, providing cheap accommodation to cope with returning servicemen, and the boom in migrant labour. Suburbs such as Bellerive
Bellerive, Tasmania
Bellerive is a suburb of the City of Clarence, part of the greater Hobart area, Tasmania, Australia. It stretches from Kangaroo Bay where it borders Rosny Park, around the curved shoreline of Bellerive Esplanade to Kangaroo Bluff, then down to Bellerive Beach and east to Second Bluff, where...
, Lindisfarne
Lindisfarne, Tasmania
Lindisfarne is a suburb of Hobart's Eastern Shore, located approximately 6 kilometres from the City Centre and is part of the municipal City of Clarence.-History:...
, Montagu Bay, Tasmania
Montagu Bay, Tasmania
Montagu Bay is a suburb of Hobart, Tasmania, located in the City of Clarence on the eastern shore of the Derwent River, about four kilometres from the city centre of greater Hobart. It is a small primarily residential suburb squeezed in between Rosny, Rose Bay and Lindisfarne and is centred around...
, Mornington, Tasmania
Mornington, Tasmania
Mornington is a suburb of the City of Clarence in Tasmania, Australia. It is part of greater Hobart, located approximately 7 kilometres from the CBD...
, Rosny, Tasmania
Rosny, Tasmania
Rosny is a suburb of the City of Clarence, part of the greater Hobart area, Tasmania, Australia. It is located on the eastern shore of the Derwent River, between the suburbs of Montagu Bay and Rosny Park, approximately 4 kilometres from Hobart's centre. Rosny is the residential part of its...
, and Warrane
Warrane, Tasmania
Warrane is a suburb of Hobart, Tasmania, in the City of Clarence. It is approximately from Hobart's CBD. It is located between Rosny Park and Mornington and runs parallel to the Tasman Highway....
all expanded dramatically throughout the 1950s and 1960s, and housing from the period still often bears the distinctive design patterns of former government housing. For many parts of the city electricity supply only arrived in the 1950s, and sealed roads, mains water
Water supply network
A water supply system or water supply network is a system of engineered hydrologic and hydraulic components which provide water supply. A water supply system typically includes:# A drainage basin ;...
, and sewage
Sewage
Sewage is water-carried waste, in solution or suspension, that is intended to be removed from a community. Also known as wastewater, it is more than 99% water and is characterized by volume or rate of flow, physical condition, chemical constituents and the bacteriological organisms that it contains...
only began to be provided in the 1960s.
The eastern shore housing boom had highlighted the inadequacies of the Hobart Bridge
Hobart Bridge
The Hobart Bridge was a pontoon bridge that crossed the River Derwent, connecting the eastern and western Shores of the City of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.- History :...
. Bad weather made it difficult to cross, and the massive increase in traffic in the 1950s led to severe congestion. The traffic problems, delays caused by the raising of the navigation section for maritime traffic, and the toll all proved extremely unpopular. The government announced plans to built a new bridge at a cost of £7 million, and in 1960, construction commenced on the Tasman Bridge
Tasman Bridge
The Tasman Bridge is a five-lane bridge crossing the Derwent River, near the CBD of Hobart, Tasmania. The bridge has a total length of 1,395 metres . It provides the main traffic route from the CBD to the eastern shore - particularly Hobart International Airport and Bellerive Oval...
. It opened on 18 August 1964, and greatly increased the volume of traffic capable of crossing the river. The opening of the new bridge also saw the development of two new major connecting highways, the east-heading Tasman Highway
Tasman Highway
The Tasman Highway is a highway in Tasmania, Australia. Like the Midland Highway, it connects the major cities of Hobart and Launceston — however it takes a different route, via the north-eastern and eastern coasts of the state. The Highway also acts as a major commuter road to Hobart...
, and the north-heading East Derwent Highway
East Derwent Highway
The East Derwent Highway is a highway in Hobart, Australia. The highway is a Trunk road that carries heavy commuter traffic much like the Brooker Highway, except on the Eastern side of the Derwent River...
, greatly improving access both to, and through Clarence.
Metro Tasmania
Metro Tasmania is the primary provider of public transport in the Australian state of Tasmania. For bus timetable and route information see the...
supported the expansion into the eastern shore, by opening up an excellent network of bus
Bus
A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers. The most common type of bus is the single-decker bus, with larger loads carried by double-decker buses and articulated buses, and smaller loads carried by midibuses and minibuses; coaches are...
routes into the municipality. In 1963 the Clarence War Memorial Pool
Clarence Aquatic Centre
The Clarence Aquatic Centre is a major aquatic sporting facility located in Montagu Bay, in the city of Clarence, Tasmania, Australia.The facility originally opened in 1963 as the Clarence War Memorial Pool, an outdoor 50-metre pool, with a children's wading pool and a toddler's splash pool. The...
was constructed, and in 1965, Eastlands Shopping Centre opened in Rosny Park, being further expanded in 1971 and 1978. The shopping centre proved a commercial success, and helped drive growth on the eastern shore. By the mid 1970s the population had passed the 40,000 mark at an incredible post-war rate of growth.
But the late twentieth century also saw two terrible disasters occur with Clarence. Much of the municipality suffered terrible damage and many homes were lost during the infamous 1967 Tasmanian fires
1967 Tasmanian fires
The 1967 Tasmanian fires were an Australian natural disaster which occurred on 7 February 1967, an event which became known as the Black Tuesday bushfires...
. A second disaster occurred in the city in 1975 when the bulk carrier, Lake Illawarra collided with the Tasman Bridge
Tasman Bridge
The Tasman Bridge is a five-lane bridge crossing the Derwent River, near the CBD of Hobart, Tasmania. The bridge has a total length of 1,395 metres . It provides the main traffic route from the CBD to the eastern shore - particularly Hobart International Airport and Bellerive Oval...
collapsing a section of roadway in the Tasman Bridge Disaster. Ironically, this event, which severed 'The Eastern Shore' from Hobart
Hobart
Hobart is the state capital and most populous city of the Australian island state of Tasmania. Founded in 1804 as a penal colony,Hobart is Australia's second oldest capital city after Sydney. In 2009, the city had a greater area population of approximately 212,019. A resident of Hobart is known as...
for nearly three years, was responsible for considerable infrastructure growth on 'The Eastern Shore', leading to it being largely self-sustaining, and being declared a city in its own right by 1988.
In the 1970s and 1980s the expansion of the Municipality of Clarence continued. Many previously rural areas developed into residential areas. New suburbs arose, such as Flagstaff Gully
Flagstaff Gully, Tasmania
Flagstaff Gully is a suburb of the City of Clarence in Tasmania, Australia. It is part of greater Hobart. It is located in the hills east of Lindisfarne. The Flagstaff Gully Reservoir is in the area....
, Geilston Bay
Geilston Bay, Tasmania
Geilston Bay is a small suburb of Hobart near Lindisfarne, in the City of Clarence located on the Eastern Shore of the Derwent River. Its a nature-rich suburb with houses built right next to bushland. Shag Bay Aboriginal Site and the local Boat Club are two main features of the suburb...
, and Old Beach
Old Beach, Tasmania
Old Beach is a suburb of Hobart based in the municipality of Brighton, Tasmania, Australia. It has a population of approximately 2000 which is rising due to Tasmania's housing boom. It is the location of the Baskerville Raceway.-Sources:...
to the north, and Cremorne
Cremorne, Tasmania
Cremorne is a town located on the South Arm Peninsula on the outskirts of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. It is part of the City of Clarence....
, Howrah
Howrah, Tasmania
Howrah is a suburb of the City of Clarence, part of the greater Hobart area, Tasmania, Australia. It is south of Bellerive and north of Tranmere.Howrah is a beachside suburb, with views across the Derwent River and Storm Bay to Hobart City...
, Lauderdale
Lauderdale, Tasmania
Lauderdale is a town on the outskirts of Hobart, capital of Tasmania, Australia. The population of Lauderdale is approximately 2,388 . It is in the local government area of City of Clarence. The town is situated on the eastern side of a thin Isthmus that connects the South Arm peninsula to the...
, Rokeby
Rokeby, Tasmania
Rokeby is a suburb of Hobart, capital of Tasmania, Australia. It is located on the eastern shore of the Derwent River and is part of the City of Clarence Local Government Area....
, and Tranmere
Tranmere, Tasmania
Tranmere is a suburb of Hobart, capital of Tasmania, Australia. The suburb is in the Local Government Area of City of Clarence, and lies in close proximity to Howrah....
towards the south of the city. At the same time, Rosny Park continued to grow in importance as the administrative centre of the city, with the Clarence Council Chambers, Bellerive Police Station and Bellerive Post Office all relocating there. Banking services also relocated branches, and many new retailers opened, complimenting the prosperous Eastlands Shopping Centre. Commonwealth government offices soon also began opening with services such as Centrelink
Centrelink
Centrelink is the trading name of the Commonwealth Service Delivery Agency , a statutory authority responsible for delivering human services on behalf of agencies of the Commonwealth Government of Australia. The majority of Centrelink's services are the disbursement of social security payments...
, the Australian Taxation Office
Australian Taxation Office
The Australian Taxation Office is an Australian Government statutory agency and the principal revenue collection body for the Australian Government. The ATO has responsibility for administering the Australian federal taxation system and superannuation legislation...
, and the National Archives of Australia
National Archives of Australia
The National Archives of Australia is a body established by the Government of Australia for the purpose of preserving Commonwealth Government records. It is an Executive Agency of the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet and reports to the Cabinet Secretary, Senator Joe Ludwig.The national...
. The growth was such that the municipality was officially incorporated as a city
City
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
on 24 November 1988, with the population having grown beyond 50,000. In 1993, the nearby town of Richmond
Richmond, Tasmania
Richmond is a town in Tasmania about 25 km north-east of Hobart, in the Coal River region, between the Midland Highway and Tasman Highway. At the 2006 census, Richmond had a population of 880....
was absorbed into the city of Clarence.
21st century
The early 21st Century has seen Rosny Park continue to develop as the centre of the city. Expansion to Eastlands Shopping Centre and the nearby commercial businesses on Bligh and Bayfield Streets has seen a strong growth in retail. A Multi-screen cinema also opened in 2003, continuing the increasing availability of local services.The launch of the council's 'Kangaroo Bay Urban Design Strategy and Concept Plan' saw an attempt to modernise the town-planning of the City Centre with a programme of regeneration, improved infrastructure and amenities, the creation of a foreshore promenade and more appropriate urban landscaping. The plan sees the Kangaroo Bay area divided into five distinct precincts; Rosny Parklands, Kangaroo Bay East, Ferry Wharf, Bellerive Yacht Club, and 'The Village'.
Geography
The City of Clarence, along with GlenorchyCity of Glenorchy
The City of Glenorchy is a Local Government Area of Tasmania which covers several northern suburbs of Hobart including the suburb of Glenorchy by the same name. The city is managed by Glenorchy City Council. Current mayor is Stuart Slade.- History :...
, Hobart
City of Hobart
The City of Hobart is a Local Government Area of Tasmania, Australia. It is one of three local government areas covering the metropolitan area of the state capital, Hobart.-Government:...
, and Kingborough form Greater Hobart
Hobart
Hobart is the state capital and most populous city of the Australian island state of Tasmania. Founded in 1804 as a penal colony,Hobart is Australia's second oldest capital city after Sydney. In 2009, the city had a greater area population of approximately 212,019. A resident of Hobart is known as...
. The boundaries of the city stretch from the South Arm
South Arm, Tasmania
South Arm is a town located on the South Arm Peninsula on the outskirts of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. It is part of the City of Clarence.-Sources:...
peninsular in the south bordered by Ralph's Bay, to Seven Mile Beach and the Pitt Water in the east, bordered by Frederick Henry Bay, to the Municitpality of Sorell
Sorell Council
Sorell Council is a Local Government Area of Tasmania, Australia. The municipality of Sorell is one of the fastest growing areas in Tasmania....
in the north-east, and the Southern Midlands and Municipality of Brighton
Brighton Council
The Brighton Council or Municipality of Brighton is a Local Government Area of Tasmania. It in based in the town of Brighton, and covers the towns of Pontville and Tea Tree. It also covers the far northern Hobart suburbs of Bridgewater, Gagebrook, Honeywood and Old Beach.Brighton Council has one...
to the north. The city's western border is the Derwent River along the entire length.
In terms of area, Clarence is one of the largest cities in Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, covering over 386 square kilometres, with 191 kilometres of coastline, including over twenty beaches, the most popular of which are Bellerive Beach, Howrah Beach, Seven Mile Beach and Clifton Beach. More than a third of the total city area is untouched bushland
Bushland
Bushland is any area in Australia that is predominantly indigenous flora and fauna.Bushland is the term commonly used by conservation protection groups and other environmental groups as a blanket term for natural vegetation, which may cover any kind of habitat from open shrubby country with few...
, with many parks, and large areas given over to nature reserve
Nature reserve
A nature reserve is a protected area of importance for wildlife, flora, fauna or features of geological or other special interest, which is reserved and managed for conservation and to provide special opportunities for study or research...
s.
The city has large areas of residential property interspersed with natural flora
Flora
Flora is the plant life occurring in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring or indigenous—native plant life. The corresponding term for animals is fauna.-Etymology:...
, typically sclerophyll
Sclerophyll
Sclerophyll is the term for a type of vegetation that has hard leaves and short internodes . The word comes from the Greek sclero and phyllon ....
bushland. The city is dominated by the long, low-lying range of hills known as the Meehan Range
Meehan Range
The Meehan Range is a prominent geographical feature of steep hills running parallel to the Derwent River on Hobart's eastern shore. It is located in the City of Clarence, Tasmania...
which runs parallel to the river. A unique feature of both shores of the Derwent is the way that housing is only built to a certain height, preserving the natural skyline along the hill tops. There is large areas of farmland, and many vineyards, particularly in the Coal River valley
Coal River Valley
The Coal River Valley in located in the City of Clarence, Tasmania and is a primarily agrarian area to the west of the city, located between the townships of Cambridge, and Richmond...
. It also includes some rural and non-urban areas, such as the South Arm
South Arm, Tasmania
South Arm is a town located on the South Arm Peninsula on the outskirts of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. It is part of the City of Clarence.-Sources:...
peninsular.
Suburbs
There are more than thirty suburbs with the city of Clarence. They are not named according to a convention. Many have been named after the first fine house that was built in the area (BelleriveBellerive, Tasmania
Bellerive is a suburb of the City of Clarence, part of the greater Hobart area, Tasmania, Australia. It stretches from Kangaroo Bay where it borders Rosny Park, around the curved shoreline of Bellerive Esplanade to Kangaroo Bluff, then down to Bellerive Beach and east to Second Bluff, where...
, Lindisfarne
Lindisfarne, Tasmania
Lindisfarne is a suburb of Hobart's Eastern Shore, located approximately 6 kilometres from the City Centre and is part of the municipal City of Clarence.-History:...
, Montagu Bay
Montagu Bay, Tasmania
Montagu Bay is a suburb of Hobart, Tasmania, located in the City of Clarence on the eastern shore of the Derwent River, about four kilometres from the city centre of greater Hobart. It is a small primarily residential suburb squeezed in between Rosny, Rose Bay and Lindisfarne and is centred around...
, Geilston Bay
Geilston Bay, Tasmania
Geilston Bay is a small suburb of Hobart near Lindisfarne, in the City of Clarence located on the Eastern Shore of the Derwent River. Its a nature-rich suburb with houses built right next to bushland. Shag Bay Aboriginal Site and the local Boat Club are two main features of the suburb...
, and Rosny
Rosny, Tasmania
Rosny is a suburb of the City of Clarence, part of the greater Hobart area, Tasmania, Australia. It is located on the eastern shore of the Derwent River, between the suburbs of Montagu Bay and Rosny Park, approximately 4 kilometres from Hobart's centre. Rosny is the residential part of its...
), others are named for geographical features (Flagstaff Gully
Flagstaff Gully, Tasmania
Flagstaff Gully is a suburb of the City of Clarence in Tasmania, Australia. It is part of greater Hobart. It is located in the hills east of Lindisfarne. The Flagstaff Gully Reservoir is in the area....
, Mount Rumney, and Roches Beach
Roches Beach, Tasmania
Roches Beach is a suburb of Hobart, capital of Tasmania, Australia. It is in the City of Clarence Local Government Area, between Lauderdale and Seven Mile Beach....
). Some, such as Bellerive, Lindisfarne and Richmond
Richmond, Tasmania
Richmond is a town in Tasmania about 25 km north-east of Hobart, in the Coal River region, between the Midland Highway and Tasman Highway. At the 2006 census, Richmond had a population of 880....
first developed as isolated villages, and others, such as Mornington
Mornington, Tasmania
Mornington is a suburb of the City of Clarence in Tasmania, Australia. It is part of greater Hobart, located approximately 7 kilometres from the CBD...
and Warrane
Warrane, Tasmania
Warrane is a suburb of Hobart, Tasmania, in the City of Clarence. It is approximately from Hobart's CBD. It is located between Rosny Park and Mornington and runs parallel to the Tasman Highway....
developed through public housing
Public housing
Public housing is a form of housing tenure in which the property is owned by a government authority, which may be central or local. Social housing is an umbrella term referring to rental housing which may be owned and managed by the state, by non-profit organizations, or by a combination of the...
programmes.
Much of the city along the eastern shore of the Derwent is a connected urban
Urban culture
Urban culture is the culture of towns and cities. In the United States, Urban culture may also sometimes be used as a euphemistic reference to contemporary African American culture.- African American culture :...
environment, although primarily residential. From Cremorne
Cremorne, Tasmania
Cremorne is a town located on the South Arm Peninsula on the outskirts of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. It is part of the City of Clarence....
and Rokeby
Rokeby, Tasmania
Rokeby is a suburb of Hobart, capital of Tasmania, Australia. It is located on the eastern shore of the Derwent River and is part of the City of Clarence Local Government Area....
in the south, Clarence continues uninterrupted to Old Beach
Old Beach, Tasmania
Old Beach is a suburb of Hobart based in the municipality of Brighton, Tasmania, Australia. It has a population of approximately 2000 which is rising due to Tasmania's housing boom. It is the location of the Baskerville Raceway.-Sources:...
in the north. Other suburbs, such as Acton Park
Acton Park, Tasmania
Acton Park is a rural suburb of Hobart, capital of Tasmania, Australia. It is in the City of Clarence Local Government Area. It's 2006 population was 2,129....
, Cambridge
Cambridge, Tasmania
Cambridge is a suburb in the greater area of Hobart, capital of Tasmania, Australia. It is in the City of Clarence Local Government Area. The suburb is situated in close proximity with Hobart International Airport and the Cambridge Aerodrome, and is approximately 18 km to Hobart via the Tasman...
and Richmond
Richmond, Tasmania
Richmond is a town in Tasmania about 25 km north-east of Hobart, in the Coal River region, between the Midland Highway and Tasman Highway. At the 2006 census, Richmond had a population of 880....
are isolated communities. Most suburbs are served by centralised commercial services that are found primarily in Rosny Park
Rosny Park, Tasmania
Rosny Park is a suburb of Hobart, Tasmania, located in the City of Clarence on the eastern shore of the Derwent River. It is about five kilometres from the city centre of Hobart...
which is the city's central business district
Central business district
A central business district is the commercial and often geographic heart of a city. In North America this part of a city is commonly referred to as "downtown" or "city center"...
. Other commercial services are still provided in the older village centres in Bellerive, Howrah
Howrah, Tasmania
Howrah is a suburb of the City of Clarence, part of the greater Hobart area, Tasmania, Australia. It is south of Bellerive and north of Tranmere.Howrah is a beachside suburb, with views across the Derwent River and Storm Bay to Hobart City...
, Lindisfarne and Richmond.
Climate
Located at 42° South, the City of Clarence has a mild temperateTemperate
In geography, temperate or tepid latitudes of the globe lie between the tropics and the polar circles. The changes in these regions between summer and winter are generally relatively moderate, rather than extreme hot or cold...
maritime
Oceanic climate
An oceanic climate, also called marine west coast climate, maritime climate, Cascadian climate and British climate for Köppen climate classification Cfb and subtropical highland for Köppen Cfb or Cwb, is a type of climate typically found along the west coasts at the middle latitudes of some of the...
climate (Group C:Cfb, according to the Köppen climate classification
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
) with an average summer temperature of 21°C. On average, Clarence is warmer, and has less annual precipitation
Precipitation (meteorology)
In meteorology, precipitation In meteorology, precipitation In meteorology, precipitation (also known as one of the classes of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation...
than Hobart or Glenorchy. The southern regions of the city are notorious for being affected by strong southerly winds known locally as the 'sea breeze', particularly during summer months. The City of Clarence generally receives sunrise
Sunrise
Sunrise is the instant at which the upper edge of the Sun appears above the horizon in the east. Sunrise should not be confused with dawn, which is the point at which the sky begins to lighten, some time before the sun itself appears, ending twilight...
two to three minutes before Hobart and Glenorchy, and sunset
Sunset
Sunset or sundown is the daily disappearance of the Sun below the horizon in the west as a result of Earth's rotation.The time of sunset is defined in astronomy as the moment the trailing edge of the Sun's disk disappears below the horizon in the west...
is also experienced slightly after the western shore, due to the angle of shadow cast by Mount Wellington.
Government
Government of Australia
The Commonwealth of Australia is a federal constitutional monarchy under a parliamentary democracy. The Commonwealth of Australia was formed in 1901 as a result of an agreement among six self-governing British colonies, which became the six states...
system. The City of Clarence is a Tasmania
Tasmania
Tasmania is an Australian island and state. It is south of the continent, separated by Bass Strait. The state includes the island of Tasmania—the 26th largest island in the world—and the surrounding islands. The state has a population of 507,626 , of whom almost half reside in the greater Hobart...
n Local Government Area administered by the Clarence City Council. Local authority, responsible for provision of such services as roads, libraries and planning permissions rests with the Clarence City Council.
Provision of services such as education
Education
Education in its broadest, general sense is the means through which the aims and habits of a group of people lives on from one generation to the next. Generally, it occurs through any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts...
, policing, and health care
Health care
Health care is the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in humans. Health care is delivered by practitioners in medicine, chiropractic, dentistry, nursing, pharmacy, allied health, and other care providers...
, rests with the Tasmanian State Government
Government of Tasmania
The form of the Government of Tasmania is prescribed in its Constitution, which dates from 1856, although it has been amended many times since then...
. At State government level, the city constitutes the largest proportion of voters for the State elctoral division known as Franklin
Division of Franklin
The Division of Franklin is an Australian Electoral Division in Tasmania. The division was created in 1903 and is named for Sir John Franklin, the polar explorer who was Lt Governor of Van Diemen's Land 1843-46. It is located in southern Tasmania, including the Hobart suburbs of Bridgewater,...
. The top level of government administration rests with the Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
n Commonwealth Government
Government of Australia
The Commonwealth of Australia is a federal constitutional monarchy under a parliamentary democracy. The Commonwealth of Australia was formed in 1901 as a result of an agreement among six self-governing British colonies, which became the six states...
, who are responsible for foreign affairs
Foreign Affairs
Foreign Affairs is an American magazine and website on international relations and U.S. foreign policy published since 1922 by the Council on Foreign Relations six times annually...
, defence
Defense (military)
Defense has several uses in the sphere of military application.Personal defense implies measures taken by individual soldiers in protecting themselves whether by use of protective materials such as armor, or field construction of trenches or a bunker, or by using weapons that prevent the enemy...
, employment
Employment
Employment is a contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. An employee may be defined as:- Employee :...
, and taxation. Clarence constitutes a significant proportion of the Federal electoral division of Franklin
Division of Franklin
The Division of Franklin is an Australian Electoral Division in Tasmania. The division was created in 1903 and is named for Sir John Franklin, the polar explorer who was Lt Governor of Van Diemen's Land 1843-46. It is located in southern Tasmania, including the Hobart suburbs of Bridgewater,...
.
Clarence City Council
The Clarence City Council has existed in various forms since the area became a municipality in 1860, and is responsible for local government within the City. The council originally had its chambers in Bellerive, but these were moved to Rosny Park in the early 1980s. It operates a mayor-council systemMayor-council government
The mayor–council government system, sometimes called the mayor–commission government system, is one of the two most common forms of local government for municipalities...
that consists of twelve aldermen that stand for four year terms. An election is held every two years in October, and half of the aldermen stand for re-election for another four year term. Two years later the other half stand for re-election. Unlike state and federal elections, voting in local elections is not compulsory.
The current Council of the City of Clarence as of 2009 are: Alderman Jock Campbell (Mayor), Alderman Doug Chipman (Deputy Mayor), Alderman Peter Cooper, Alderman Don Cusick, Alderman Beverley Evans, Alderman Richard James, Alderman Kay McFarlane, Alderman Martin McManus, Alderman Tony Mulder
Tony Mulder
Tony Mulder, APM is an Australian politician, and an independent member of the Tasmanian Legislative Council, representing the electoral division of Rumney since his election on 7 May 2011....
, Alderman John Peers, Alderman David Traynor, and Alderman Sharyn von Bertouch.
State and Federal politics
The whole area of the City of Clarence falls within the Australian Electoral Division of FranklinDivision of Franklin
The Division of Franklin is an Australian Electoral Division in Tasmania. The division was created in 1903 and is named for Sir John Franklin, the polar explorer who was Lt Governor of Van Diemen's Land 1843-46. It is located in southern Tasmania, including the Hobart suburbs of Bridgewater,...
. The boundaries of the electorate of Franklin at Federal level are also the same as those of the State Division of Franklin
Division of Franklin (state)
The Electoral Division of Franklin is one of the five electorates in the Tasmanian House of Assembly. The division is named after Sir John Franklin, the arctic explorer who was Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's Land 1837-43...
for the Tasmanian House of Assembly
Tasmanian House of Assembly
The House of Assembly, or Lower House, is one of the two chambers of the Parliament of Tasmania in Australia. The other is the Legislative Council or Upper House...
(lower house). For the State Legislative Council
Tasmanian Legislative Council
The Legislative Council, or upper house, is one of the two chambers of the Parliament of Tasmania in Australia. The other is the House of Assembly. It sits in Parliament House in the state capital, Hobart...
, the City of Clarence falls within the electoral boundaries of both Pembroke
Electoral division of Pembroke
The Electoral Division of Pembroke is one of the 15 electorates or 'seats' in the Tasmanian Legislative Council or upper house. It is located on Hobart's Eastern Shore and includes a number of suburbs; Risdon Vale, Geilston Bay, Rose Bay, Lindisfarne, Warrane, Mornington, Bellerive, Howrah and...
, and Rumney
Electoral division of Rumney
The Electoral division of Rumney is one of the 15 electorates or 'seats' in the Tasmanian Legislative Council . The division is located in Southern Tasmania to the east of the division of Pembroke....
.
Franklin voters tend to be swing voters, and although there have been long periods of occupation by one major party or the other, Franklin has never been a safe seat
Safe seat
A safe seat is a seat in a legislative body which is regarded as fully secured, either by a certain political party, the incumbent representative personally or a combination of both...
. The longest-serving member was William McWilliams
William McWilliams
William James McWilliams was the inaugural leader of the Country Party of Australia.Born in Bream Creek, near Sorell, Tasmania, the son of Irish immigrants who ran the local school. Originally trained as a teacher, McWilliams became a journalist in 1877, rising to editor of the Launceston...
who held the seat in two separate terms for over 20 years. Although during this period he served as a member of five different Australian political parties, and as an independent member
Independent (politician)
In politics, an independent or non-party politician is an individual not affiliated to any political party. Independents may hold a centrist viewpoint between those of major political parties, a viewpoint more extreme than any major party, or they may have a viewpoint based on issues that they do...
. Liberal
Liberal Party of Australia
The Liberal Party of Australia is an Australian political party.Founded a year after the 1943 federal election to replace the United Australia Party, the centre-right Liberal Party typically competes with the centre-left Australian Labor Party for political office...
(conservative
Conservatism
Conservatism is a political and social philosophy that promotes the maintenance of traditional institutions and supports, at the most, minimal and gradual change in society. Some conservatives seek to preserve things as they are, emphasizing stability and continuity, while others oppose modernism...
) member Charles Falkinder
Charles Falkinder
Charles William Jackson "Bill" Falkinder CBE was an Australian politician. Born in Hobart, Tasmania, he was educated at Hobart High School and served in the RAF in Pathfinders from 1940-1945 receiving the DSO, DFC Bar...
was the longest-serving member who only represented one party, holding the seat from 1946 until 1966. Liberal member Bruce Goodluck
Bruce Goodluck
Bruce John Goodluck AM is a retired Australian politician. Born in Hobart, Tasmania, he was a company director before serving on Clarence Municipal Council from 1972-1975. He was President of the Australian Automobile Chamber of Commerce in 1974...
also held he seat for 18 years from 1975 until 1993, but since then the seat has been safely in Labor
Australian Labor Party
The Australian Labor Party is an Australian political party. It has been the governing party of the Commonwealth of Australia since the 2007 federal election. Julia Gillard is the party's federal parliamentary leader and Prime Minister of Australia...
hands, with Harry Quick
Harry Quick
Harry Vernon Quick , is an Australian politician. He was a member of the Australian House of Representatives from 1993 until 2007, representing the electorate of Franklin. He sat as an Australian Labor Party representative from 1993 to 2007, when he was expelled from the party for failing to pay...
(1993–2007), and Julie Collins
Julie Collins
Julie Maree Collins is an Australian politician. She was elected in the 2007 Federal Election as an Australian Labor Party member of the Australian House of Representatives in the Division of Franklin in Tasmania....
(2007-) holding the seat.
The Legislative Council
Tasmanian Legislative Council
The Legislative Council, or upper house, is one of the two chambers of the Parliament of Tasmania in Australia. The other is the House of Assembly. It sits in Parliament House in the state capital, Hobart...
seat of Pembroke
Electoral division of Pembroke
The Electoral Division of Pembroke is one of the 15 electorates or 'seats' in the Tasmanian Legislative Council or upper house. It is located on Hobart's Eastern Shore and includes a number of suburbs; Risdon Vale, Geilston Bay, Rose Bay, Lindisfarne, Warrane, Mornington, Bellerive, Howrah and...
was a non-party seat until 1959. Since then it has twice been held by independent members, but Liberal
Liberal Party of Australia
The Liberal Party of Australia is an Australian political party.Founded a year after the 1943 federal election to replace the United Australia Party, the centre-right Liberal Party typically competes with the centre-left Australian Labor Party for political office...
politician Peter McKay
Peter McKay (Australian politician)
Peter Charles McKay was a member of the Tasmanian Legislative Council from 1976 until 1999.McKay was first elected as an independent member in the Electoral division of Pembroke after his father, Ben McKay died in office...
held the seat from 1976 to 1999. The current member is Labor's
Australian Labor Party
The Australian Labor Party is an Australian political party. It has been the governing party of the Commonwealth of Australia since the 2007 federal election. Julia Gillard is the party's federal parliamentary leader and Prime Minister of Australia...
Allison Ritchie
Allison Ritchie
Allison Maree Ritchie was an Australian Labor Party politician in the Tasmanian Legislative Council from 2001 to 2009. She was a member of the Hobart based seat of Pembroke. She was elected on 5 May 2001 at age 26; she was the youngest person ever to be elected to the Tasmanian Legislative Council...
who has held the seat since 2001. In Rumney
Electoral division of Rumney
The Electoral division of Rumney is one of the 15 electorates or 'seats' in the Tasmanian Legislative Council . The division is located in Southern Tasmania to the east of the division of Pembroke....
, the other Legislative Council seat within Clarence, the current member is Labor's Lin Thorp
Lin Thorp
Lin Estelle Thorp was an Australian Labor Party politician and member of the Tasmanian Legislative Council in the Hobart based division of Rumney from 1999 until 2011. She was defeated by Tony Mulder at the elections held on 7 May 2011.Thorp was born in Hobart, Tasmania...
, who has held the seat since 1999.
Policing and crime
The responsibility of policing the City of Clarence falls to Tasmania PoliceTasmania Police
Tasmania Police is the police force of the Australian state of Tasmania. Established in 1899, the force has over 1,200 officers policing Tasmania's population of about half a million people.-Structure:...
, who are the sole law-enforcement agency in all of Tasmania. There is no local urban police force. Tasmania Police's 'East Command' district is administered from Bellerive Police Station, which is now located in Rosny Park.
A 'Night Watch' had been established in Bellerive in the late 1820s, and by the 1830s, trooper
Trooper (police rank)
Trooper is a rank used by several civilian police forces in the United States. In its plural form, troopers, it generally refers to members of state highway patrol or state police agencies, even though those officers may not necessarily be of the rank of trooper.For example, in the Louisiana State...
police were operating throughout the district, with local gaols and constabularies located at Bellerive, Richmond, Cambridge and Sorrell. A new Bellerive Police Station and Watch House was completed in 1842, and has subsequently been used as municipal council chambers, a district library and the CIB headquarters, but at present it is used as a Community Arts Centre. The introduction of the Police Regulation Act 1898, which came into being on 1 January 1899, saw the creation of one unified police force for the whole colony. Bellerive Police Station remained one of the major regional stations, responsible for the 'Eastern District', comprising the municipal areas of Brighton, Central Highlands, Clarence, Derwent Valley, Glamorgan-Spring Bay, Sorell, Southern Midlands and Tasman (Tasman Peninsular). When Rosny Park grew in importance as the administrative centre of Clarence, Bellerive Police Station was relocated there. The station remains the administrative Headquarters of 'East Command'.
Crime rates are generally low within the city, and Clarence is seen as an extremely safe place to live. According to 2006 statistics, the rate of homicide in the Greater-Hobart/Southern Region was 1.7 per 100,000, well below the national average. The rate of robberies was 33.2 per 100,000, also well below the national average. Motor vehicle crime was 551.4 per 100,000, slightly below the national average, although a significant decrease on the 2001 figure (613.9/100,000).
Healthcare
There were few health care facilities other than local General PractitionerGeneral practitioner
A general practitioner is a medical practitioner who treats acute and chronic illnesses and provides preventive care and health education for all ages and both sexes. They have particular skills in treating people with multiple health issues and comorbidities...
surgeries within the Municipality of Clarence prior to the Tasman Bridge Disaster. The isolation caused by the severing of the bridge, and the inability of patients to travel across the river for treatment highlighted the need for local health care
Health care
Health care is the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in humans. Health care is delivered by practitioners in medicine, chiropractic, dentistry, nursing, pharmacy, allied health, and other care providers...
services on the eastern shore. The Bayfield Healthcare Centre (now known as the Clarence Community Health Centre) was developed at considerable cost to the state government, but soon became the City's primary health care provider. Whilst it is definitely not large enough to be considered a hospital
Hospital
A hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment by specialized staff and equipment. Hospitals often, but not always, provide for inpatient care or longer-term patient stays....
, recent upgrading has seen the centre fall into the super clinic
Clinic
A clinic is a health care facility that is primarily devoted to the care of outpatients...
category.
Education
Tasman Bridge disaster
The Tasman Bridge disaster occurred on the evening of 5 January 1975, in Hobart, the capital city of Australia's island state of Tasmania, when a bulk ore carrier travelling up the Derwent River collided with several pylons of the Tasman Bridge, causing a large section of the bridge deck to...
, there were few schools within the Municipality of Clarence. The isolation caused by the severing of contact between the shores when the Tasman Bridge
Tasman Bridge
The Tasman Bridge is a five-lane bridge crossing the Derwent River, near the CBD of Hobart, Tasmania. The bridge has a total length of 1,395 metres . It provides the main traffic route from the CBD to the eastern shore - particularly Hobart International Airport and Bellerive Oval...
collapsed, led to the establishment of many new facilities on the eastern shore, including new schools.
There are thirteen government, and six religious primary schools in Clarence. The government primary schools are: Bellerive Primary School, Cambridge Primary School, Clarendon Vale Primary School, Howrah Primary School, Lauderdale Primary School, Lindisfarne Primary School, Lindisfarne North Primary School, Montagu Bay Primary School, Richmond Primary School, Rokeby Primary School, South Arm Primary School, The Cottage School, and Warrane Primary School. The religious primary schools in Clarence are: Corpus Christi School, Eastside Christian School, Emmanuel Christian School, John Paul II Primary School, St Cuthbert's Primary School, and St Johns School. During the period of isolation caused by the Tasman Bridge Disaster, The Friends' School
The Friends' School, Hobart
The Friends' School, Hobart is an independent, co-educational, Quaker, day and boarding school, located in North Hobart, a suburb of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia....
established the Sherwood Primary School as an eastern shore branch for pupils in kindergarten to grade 2.
There are six High School
High school
High school is a term used in parts of the English speaking world to describe institutions which provide all or part of secondary education. The term is often incorporated into the name of such institutions....
s within the City of Clarence. These are Clarence High School, Emmanuel Christian School
Emmanuel Christian School
Emmanuel Christian School is a small private school located in Dollard-des-Ormeaux, Quebec, a suburb of Greater Montreal. ECS is a School who bases its educational values on the Christian Bible while meeting or exceeding all of the educational requirements of the .ECS offers both Elementary as...
, Geilston Bay High School
Geilston Bay High School
Geilston Bay High School is a co-educational state high school, catering for students in grades 7 to 10, that is located in Geilston Bay. It is located within the City of Clarence which is a constituent local government area within Greater Hobart....
, MacKillop College, Rokeby High School, and Rose Bay High School
Rose Bay High School
Rose Bay High School is a co-educational state high school located in Rose Bay, Tasmania, Australia a hilltop suburb on the eastern shore of the River Derwent in Clarence which is part of the city of greater Hobart...
. The senior secondary Rosny College
Rosny College
Rosny College is a senior secondary college, located in Rosny, Tasmania.Rosny College was founded in 1973 to provide opportunities for post-year 10 education in the Clarence Municipality and it still draws the large majority of its students from schools on the Eastern Shore of the Derwent River in...
is also situated in the heart of Clarence. There is also a campus of TAFE Tasmania
TAFE Tasmania
TAFE Tasmania was an Australian tertiary body of the Australian state-based Technical and Further Education system. It included two institutes, the Institute of TAFE Tasmania and the Drysdale Institute....
Technical and Further Education
Technical and Further Education
In Australia, training and further education or TAFE institutions provide a wide range of predominantly vocational tertiary education courses, mostly qualifying courses under the National Training System/Australian Qualifications Framework/Australian Quality Training Framework...
college.
Economy
Manufacturing
Manufacturing is the use of machines, tools and labor to produce goods for use or sale. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production, in which raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale...
, agriculture
Agriculture
Agriculture is the cultivation of animals, plants, fungi and other life forms for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain life. Agriculture was the key implement in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the...
, and viticulture
Viticulture
Viticulture is the science, production and study of grapes which deals with the series of events that occur in the vineyard. When the grapes are used for winemaking, it is also known as viniculture...
,it is retail
Retail
Retail consists of the sale of physical goods or merchandise from a fixed location, such as a department store, boutique or kiosk, or by mail, in small or individual lots for direct consumption by the purchaser. Retailing may include subordinated services, such as delivery. Purchasers may be...
and government administration
Administration (government)
The term administration, as used in the context of government, differs according to jurisdiction.-United States:In United States usage, the term refers to the executive branch under a specific president , for example: the "Barack Obama administration." It can also mean an executive branch agency...
that provide the primary impetus of local economy. Centred upon the administrative and commercial centre of the city at Rosny Park
Rosny Park, Tasmania
Rosny Park is a suburb of Hobart, Tasmania, located in the City of Clarence on the eastern shore of the Derwent River. It is about five kilometres from the city centre of Hobart...
, retail provides the largest sector of the local economy, much of which in generated through Eastlands Shopping Centre, and the nearby shops of Bligh Street and Bastick Street.
The primary export product of the City of Clarence is now wine
Wine
Wine is an alcoholic beverage, made of fermented fruit juice, usually from grapes. The natural chemical balance of grapes lets them ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes, or other nutrients. Grape wine is produced by fermenting crushed grapes using various types of yeast. Yeast...
. Based primarily around the Coal River valley
Coal River Valley
The Coal River Valley in located in the City of Clarence, Tasmania and is a primarily agrarian area to the west of the city, located between the townships of Cambridge, and Richmond...
between Richmond
Richmond, Tasmania
Richmond is a town in Tasmania about 25 km north-east of Hobart, in the Coal River region, between the Midland Highway and Tasman Highway. At the 2006 census, Richmond had a population of 880....
and Acton Park
Acton Park, Tasmania
Acton Park is a rural suburb of Hobart, capital of Tasmania, Australia. It is in the City of Clarence Local Government Area. It's 2006 population was 2,129....
, the city's viticulture
Viticulture
Viticulture is the science, production and study of grapes which deals with the series of events that occur in the vineyard. When the grapes are used for winemaking, it is also known as viniculture...
industry is exemplified by European style wines, that are located at a similar latitude to French and German regions such as Champagne, Lorraine
Lorraine (région)
Lorraine is one of the 27 régions of France. The administrative region has two cities of equal importance, Metz and Nancy. Metz is considered to be the official capital since that is where the regional parliament is situated...
, Baden
Baden (wine region)
Baden is a region for quality wine in Germany, and is located in the historical region of Baden in southwestern Germany, which today forms part of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg...
and Rheingau
Rheingau (wine region)
Rheingau is one of 13 German wine regions for quality wines . Named for the traditional region of Rheingau , the wine region is situated in the state of Hesse, where it makes up part of the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis administrative district...
.
Transport
Despite excellent bus connections, there is a very high proportion of private car ownership within the City of Clarence. Despite this, many residents, particularly those that commute to Hobart for work, often chose to use public transportation for commuting.Clarence is connected to Glenorchy
Glenorchy, Tasmania
Glenorchy is a business district and suburb in the northern part of greater Hobart, capital of the state of Tasmania, Australia. The land was originally used for agriculture but is now a largely suburban, working-class area...
via the Bowen Bridge
Bowen Bridge
The Bowen Bridge is a four-lane road bridge crossing the Derwent River in Tasmania, Australia. The Bridge lies on the river approximately half way between the Tasman Bridge and the Bridgewater Bridge. The Bridge links the East Derwent Highway with the Brooker Highway at Glenorchy some 10...
, and Hobart via the Tasman Bridge
Tasman Bridge
The Tasman Bridge is a five-lane bridge crossing the Derwent River, near the CBD of Hobart, Tasmania. The bridge has a total length of 1,395 metres . It provides the main traffic route from the CBD to the eastern shore - particularly Hobart International Airport and Bellerive Oval...
, both over the Derwent River
Derwent River (Tasmania)
The Derwent is a river in Tasmania, Australia. It was named after the River Derwent, Cumbria by British Commodore John Hayes who explored it in 1793. The name is Brythonic Celtic for "valley thick with oaks"....
. It is connected to Sorell
Sorell, Tasmania
Sorell is a town in Tasmania, Australia, north-east of Hobart. It is on the Tasman Highway which continues up the east coast of Tasmania. At the 2006 census, Sorell had a population of 1,546....
at Midway Point
Midway Point, Tasmania
Midway Point is an outlying suburb of Hobart, capital of Tasmania, Australia. It is in the local government area of Sorell Council, and is located on a small peninsula with Orielton Lagoon on its eastern side and Pitt Water on its southern and western sides...
by the 19th century historic convict built Sorell Causeway
Sorell Causeway
The Sorell Causeway is a causeway that stretches from the western side of Midway Point across Orielton Lagoon to Sorell. Together with Mcgees Bridge they connect Sorell with Hobart via the Tasman Highway....
. The Sorrell Causway and Tasman Bridge both form part of the Tasman Highway
Tasman Highway
The Tasman Highway is a highway in Tasmania, Australia. Like the Midland Highway, it connects the major cities of Hobart and Launceston — however it takes a different route, via the north-eastern and eastern coasts of the state. The Highway also acts as a major commuter road to Hobart...
(A3) which is the major east-west thoroughfare through the city. The East Derwent Highway
East Derwent Highway
The East Derwent Highway is a highway in Hobart, Australia. The highway is a Trunk road that carries heavy commuter traffic much like the Brooker Highway, except on the Eastern side of the Derwent River...
(B32) also connects to the Tasman Bridge, but heads northwards instead, and eventually reconnects with the Midlands Highway
Midlands Highway
The Midland Highway is one of Tasmania's major inter-city highways, running for between Hobart and Launceston...
(A1) at Bridgewater
Bridgewater, Tasmania
Bridgewater, Tasmania, is one greater Hobart's northern-most suburbs, located 19 km from the city. It is situated on the eastern shore of the Derwent River. It is a suburb of the local government area of the Municipality of Brighton....
.
Rosny Park Transit Mall
Rosny Park Transit Mall
Rosny Park Transit Mall is a section of Bligh Street in Rosny Park located between Eastlands Shopping Centre and Rosny Park Post Office which is closed to normal traffic to allow it to be devoted as a Metro Tasmania bus interchange. The transit mall is the section of Bligh Street located between...
serves as the hub for Metro Tasmania
Metro Tasmania
Metro Tasmania is the primary provider of public transport in the Australian state of Tasmania. For bus timetable and route information see the...
bus transportation within the city, which is the primary provider of public transportation in Clarence. Bus routes reach almost all major residential areas within the city. Hobart Yellow Water Cab
Hobart Ferry Services
Hobart Water Taxis provide a major alternative public transport service for commuters and tourists in the City of Clarence and City of Hobart, located on the Derwent River, Tasmania.Departing Bellerive at 8.00am 8.30am 5.15pm...
ferry service operates regular services between Bellerive Quay
Bellerive, Tasmania
Bellerive is a suburb of the City of Clarence, part of the greater Hobart area, Tasmania, Australia. It stretches from Kangaroo Bay where it borders Rosny Park, around the curved shoreline of Bellerive Esplanade to Kangaroo Bluff, then down to Bellerive Beach and east to Second Bluff, where...
and Sullivans Cove on weekdays, and also operates on match-days at Bellerive Oval
Bellerive Oval
Bellerive Oval, also known as its sponsored name Blundstone Arena, is primarily a cricket and Australian Rules Football ground located in Bellerive, City of Clarence, on the eastern shore of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia...
.
Utilities
Most of the utilities provision within Tasmania has traditionally fallen to government authorities. Mains waterWater supply network
A water supply system or water supply network is a system of engineered hydrologic and hydraulic components which provide water supply. A water supply system typically includes:# A drainage basin ;...
remains so, and is now provided by the Clarence City Council. Their main public supply reservoir is Risdon Brook Dam. Ironically, it was the poor supply from this water source during summer months that originally led to the abandonment of the initial British camp at Risdon Cove. However its supply during wet months is ample, and the catchment at Risdon Brook Dam provides much of the city's supply. This is supplemented by pipes that run under the carriageway of the Tasman Bridge
Tasman Bridge
The Tasman Bridge is a five-lane bridge crossing the Derwent River, near the CBD of Hobart, Tasmania. The bridge has a total length of 1,395 metres . It provides the main traffic route from the CBD to the eastern shore - particularly Hobart International Airport and Bellerive Oval...
. During the Tasman Bridge disaster
Tasman Bridge disaster
The Tasman Bridge disaster occurred on the evening of 5 January 1975, in Hobart, the capital city of Australia's island state of Tasmania, when a bulk ore carrier travelling up the Derwent River collided with several pylons of the Tasman Bridge, causing a large section of the bridge deck to...
, many witnesses recalled seeing large quantities of water gushing from the western side of the break in the bridge, and this was caused by these water supply pipes having been severed.
Electricity supply within the City of Clarence is administered by Aurora Energy
Aurora Energy
The electricity retail company Aurora Energy was formed by the dis-aggregation of the Hydro Electric Commission in Tasmania, Australia, on 1 July 1998...
on behalf of Hydro Tasmania
Hydro Tasmania
Hydro Tasmania, known for most of its history as The HEC, is the government owned enterprise which is the predominant electricity generator in the state of Tasmania, Australia...
, the state's sole electricity supply company. 99% of energy is generated by hydroelectricity
Hydroelectricity
Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower; the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy...
. There is no provision for mains gas supply anywhere within the City of Clarence.
Arts
For many years the eastern shore of the Derwent River lagged behind the development of arts and cultural activities that had occurred within Hobart itself. The first attempt at redressing this saw the establishment of public libraries in Bellerive and Lindisfarne. The original Bellerive Police Station was also redeveloped as a Community Arts Centre.The council now sponsors an exhibition programme of arts at the historic Rosny Farm property. In 2006 the farmhouse was redeveloped in sympathy with its heritage to allow new visual and performing arts spaces.
One area where the Clarence City Council has been particularly effective is in developing Community Arts events. For many years the Carols by Candlelight
Carols by Candlelight
Carols by Candlelight is an Australian Christmas tradition that originated in southeastern Australia in the 19th century and was popularised in Melbourne in the 1930s. The tradition has since spread around the world. It involves people gathering, usually outdoors in a park, to sing carols by...
festival held annually in Charles Hand Park in the heart of the city, has continued to draw crowds of upwards of 20,000. Other annual events organised by the council include the City of Clarence Australia Day Festival, the Clarence Jazz Festival, and the Clarence Seafarers Festival - incorporating the Bellerive Regatta.
Media
The City of Clarence has few local media services, but is provided with media services that cover the entire area of Greater Hobart. The best selling newspaperNewspaper
A newspaper is a scheduled publication containing news of current events, informative articles, diverse features and advertising. It usually is printed on relatively inexpensive, low-grade paper such as newsprint. By 2007, there were 6580 daily newspapers in the world selling 395 million copies a...
is the daily The Mercury
The Mercury (Hobart)
The Mercury is a daily newspaper, published in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, by Davies Brothers Pty Ltd, part of News Limited and News Corporation...
. In 1985 a local free weekly newspaper The Southern Star was begun by publisher Harris & Co, however the difficult advertising market in a small community meant it could not sustain a rivalry with the The Mercury, and it closed in December 1995. The Eastern Shore Sun is a freely delivered newspaper detailing local issues and events in the City of Clarence.
Television is provided by five licensed operators, the government provided Australian Broadcasting Corporation
Australian Broadcasting Corporation
The Australian Broadcasting Corporation, commonly referred to as "the ABC" , is Australia's national public broadcaster...
, and Special Broadcasting Service
Special Broadcasting Service
The Special Broadcasting Service is a hybrid-funded Australian public broadcasting radio and television network. The stated purpose of SBS is "to provide multilingual and multicultural radio and television services that inform, educate and entertain all Australians and, in doing so, reflect...
, and the commercial operators WIN Television
WIN Television
WIN Television is an Australian television network owned by the WIN Corporation that is based in Wollongong, New South Wales. WIN commenced transmissions on 18 March 1962 as a single Wollongong-only station, and has since expanded to 24 owned-and-operated stations with transmissions covering a...
and Southern Cross Television
Southern Cross Television
Southern Cross Television, or Southern Cross, is an Australian television network available in Tasmania, Darwin, Regional South Australia, and Central Australia. Although the programming varies from region to region, all areas are affiliated with the Seven Network and, in some areas, have a dual...
. In 2004 Tasmanian Digital Television was developed as a collaborative effort between WIN and Southern Cross to develop a digital broadcasting
Digital broadcasting
Digital broadcasting is the practice of using digital data rather than analogue waveforms to carry broadcasts over television channels or assigned radio frequency bands...
television service.
Elite sports
Test cricket
Test cricket is the longest form of the sport of cricket. Test matches are played between national representative teams with "Test status", as determined by the International Cricket Council , with four innings played between two teams of 11 players over a period of up to a maximum five days...
grounds in Bellerive Oval
Bellerive Oval
Bellerive Oval, also known as its sponsored name Blundstone Arena, is primarily a cricket and Australian Rules Football ground located in Bellerive, City of Clarence, on the eastern shore of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia...
. The ground usually hosts Australian
Australian cricket team
The Australian cricket team is the national cricket team of Australia. It is the joint oldest team in Test cricket, having played in the first Test match in 1877...
home tests once every two years, and one-day international
One-day International
A One Day International is a form of limited overs cricket, in which a fixed number of overs, usually 50, but in the past 40, 45 or 60 overs, are played between two teams with international status. The Cricket World Cup is played in this format...
s on an annual basis. It is also the home ground for the Tasmanian Tigers
Tasmanian Tigers
The Tasmanian cricket team, nicknamed the Tigers, represents the Australian state of Tasmania in cricket tournaments. They compete annually in the Australian domestic senior men's cricket season, which currently consists of the first-class Sheffield Shield, the limited overs Ford Ranger Cup, and...
, Tasmania's first-class cricket
First-class cricket
First-class cricket is a class of cricket that consists of matches of three or more days' scheduled duration, that are between two sides of eleven players and are officially adjudged first-class by virtue of the standard of the competing teams...
team.
Bellerive Oval is also home to two of the cities elite sports teams, the Clarence District Cricket Club
Clarence District Cricket Club
Clarence District Cricket Club is a Grade level cricket club representing the city of Clarence in Tasmania's Grade Cricket Competition....
who compete in the Tasmanian Grade Cricket
Tasmanian Grade Cricket
Tasmanian Grade Cricket, or the Tasmanian Grade Competition, refers to the hierarchically graded cricket competitions played in Tasmania, Australia...
competition, and the Clarence Football Club
Clarence Football Club
The Clarence Football Club, nicknamed the Kangaroos , is an Australian rules football club playing in the Tasmanian State League, based in Bellerive, Tasmania.Before 1903, they existed as Bellerive Football Club....
, known colloquially as 'The Roos' who compete in the Tasmanian Football League
Tasmanian Football League
Tasmanian State League is the highest ranked Australian rules football league in Tasmania, Australia.The league has a long and convoluted history which dates back to its founding on 12 June 1879 Tasmanian State League (TSL) (formerly known as the Tasmanian Football League (TFL), Tasmanian...
, both of whom are semi-professional
Semi-professional
A semi-professional athlete is one who is paid to play and thus is not an amateur, but for whom sport is not a full-time occupation, generally because the level of pay is too low to make a reasonable living based solely upon that source, thus making the athlete not a full professional...
. Both sides also have derby
Local derby
In many countries the term local derby, or simply just derby means a sporting fixture between two, generally local, rivals, particularly in association football...
rivals also based within the City of Clarence. For the cricket side, rivals Lindisfarne Cricket Club
Lindisfarne Cricket Club
Lindisfarne Cricket Club , also known as "The Lightning", is a grade level cricket club representing Lindisfarne in Tasmania's Grade Cricket Competition. TheLCC play their home games at Anzac Park, in Lindisfarne, a suburb of the City of Clarence.....
are located 3 km (2 mi) to the north, and for the Australian Rules football side, Lauderdale Football Club
Lauderdale Football Club
Lauderdale Football Club is an Australian rules football club based in the Hobart, beachside suburb of Lauderdale.-History:The Lauderdale Football Club was formed in 1948 and were known as the Lauderdale Cats until 2004 when Australian Football League team Essendon Bombers aligned with Lauderdale,...
are located 7 km (4 mi) to the South.
Both teams have proved extremely successful: Clarence Football Club won the Tasmanian Football League
Tasmanian Football League
Tasmanian State League is the highest ranked Australian rules football league in Tasmania, Australia.The league has a long and convoluted history which dates back to its founding on 12 June 1879 Tasmanian State League (TSL) (formerly known as the Tasmanian Football League (TFL), Tasmanian...
in 1970, 1979, 1981, 1984, 1993–94, 1996–97, and 2000 (9 times in total), as well as winning the Southern Football League
Southern Football League
The Southern League is an English football competition featuring semi-professional and amateur clubs from the South West, South Central and Midlands of England and South Wales...
in 2001, 2002, 2004, and 2006 (4 total), during the period in which the statewide league was not competed for. Clarence District Cricket Club have won 11 TCA Premierships
Tasmanian Grade Cricket
Tasmanian Grade Cricket, or the Tasmanian Grade Competition, refers to the hierarchically graded cricket competitions played in Tasmania, Australia...
in 1981-82,1982–83,1983–84,1984–85,1987–88,1988–89,1989–90,1990–91,1994–95,2002–2003, and 2003-2004.
Other amateur cricket clubs, Montagu Bay Cricket Club, St. Aidans Cricket Club Inc. and Richmond Cricket Club are also based within Clarence, but compete in the Kookaburra Southern Cricket Association rather than the Tasmanian Grade Competition.
Clarence United
Clarence United
Clarence United Football Club is a football club based in the City of Clarence, Tasmania. The club currently participates in the Tasmanian Southern Premier League, at present, the highest level of football in Southern Tasmania. The club also has women's teams and teams in all junior divisions...
based at Wentworth Park
Wentworth Park, Tasmania
Wentworth Park is the home ground of Clarence United, but is used by other teams in other sports such as hockey, rugby, touch football, and Ultimate Frisbee tournaments. In the summer it is used as a cricket ground...
, Howrah
Howrah, Tasmania
Howrah is a suburb of the City of Clarence, part of the greater Hobart area, Tasmania, Australia. It is south of Bellerive and north of Tranmere.Howrah is a beachside suburb, with views across the Derwent River and Storm Bay to Hobart City...
is the cities premier football team, and compete in the Southern Premier League
Southern Premier League (Tasmania)
The Tasmania South Premier League is, jointly with the Tasmania North Premier League, the highest level association football competition in Tasmania. Nationally, it is one grade lower than the A-League and is controlled by the Football Federation Tasmania...
. Less successful than their cricket and Australian Rules rivals, Clarence United have been Southern Premier League champions
Southern Premier League (Tasmania)
The Tasmania South Premier League is, jointly with the Tasmania North Premier League, the highest level association football competition in Tasmania. Nationally, it is one grade lower than the A-League and is controlled by the Football Federation Tasmania...
on one occasion in 1998, and have never been State champions
Tasmanian football championship
The Tasmanian association football championship has been decided using three different formats; a short lived statewide league, a playoff between Northern and Southern league Champions and lastly a statewide finals system with top teams from Northern and Southern leagues.-The Tasmanian Statewide...
. Nelson Eastern Suburbs Soccer Club is also based in Clarence, and competes in a lower league of the Tasmanian football competition.
Other sport
The standard of public sporting facilities is generally excellent throughout the city, with provision for most popular sports at venues such as the Clarence Aquatic CentreClarence Aquatic Centre
The Clarence Aquatic Centre is a major aquatic sporting facility located in Montagu Bay, in the city of Clarence, Tasmania, Australia.The facility originally opened in 1963 as the Clarence War Memorial Pool, an outdoor 50-metre pool, with a children's wading pool and a toddler's splash pool. The...
(home to the State Swimming Championships until 1998), the Clarence Sports Centre
Clarence Sports Centre
The Clarence Sports Centre is a multi-sport facility within the suburb of Montagu Bay in the City of Clarence, Tasmania, Australia.It is a large facility located next to the Clarence Aquatic Centre, and contains two full sized indoor basketball courts, which also have additional markings and are...
, and Wentworth Park
Wentworth Park, Tasmania
Wentworth Park is the home ground of Clarence United, but is used by other teams in other sports such as hockey, rugby, touch football, and Ultimate Frisbee tournaments. In the summer it is used as a cricket ground...
, one of the state's premier amateur football and hockey venues.
Along with Clarence Sports Centre, Bellerive Sports Centre and Warrane Sports Centre provide facilities for sports such as basketball
Basketball
Basketball is a team sport in which two teams of five players try to score points by throwing or "shooting" a ball through the top of a basketball hoop while following a set of rules...
, indoor football, squash
Squash (sport)
Squash is a high-speed racquet sport played by two players in a four-walled court with a small, hollow rubber ball...
, tennis
Tennis
Tennis is a sport usually played between two players or between two teams of two players each . Each player uses a racket that is strung to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over a net into the opponent's court. Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society at all...
and badminton
Badminton
Badminton is a racquet sport played by either two opposing players or two opposing pairs , who take positions on opposite halves of a rectangular court that is divided by a net. Players score points by striking a shuttlecock with their racquet so that it passes over the net and lands in their...
. Warrane Hockey Centre is the city's best quality hockey
Field hockey
Field Hockey, or Hockey, is a team sport in which a team of players attempts to score goals by hitting, pushing or flicking a ball into an opposing team's goal using sticks...
facility. Nearby Edgeworth Street is home to a baseball ground
Baseball park
A baseball park, also known as a baseball stadium, ball park, or ballpark is a venue where baseball is played. It consists of the playing field and the surrounding spectator seating...
and the Eastern Shore Indoor Cricket Centre is one of the state's best indoor cricket
Indoor cricket
Indoor cricket is a variant of and shares many basic concepts with cricket. The game is most often played between two teams each consisting of eight players, in matches featuring two innings of sixteen 7-ball overs each...
facilities. North Warrane Oval is home to Eastern Suburbs Rugby Union Football Club Inc.
Eastern Suburbs Rugby Union Football Club Inc.
Eastern Suburbs Rugby Union Football Club Inc. is a Rugby Union club in Tasmania. Established in 1964, the club is a member of the Tasmanian Rugby Union, affiliated with the Australian Rugby Union and plays in the Tasmanian Rugby Union Statewide League....
competing in the Tasmanian Rugby Union
Tasmanian Rugby Union
The Tasmanian Rugby Union Est. 1933 is responsible for rugby union in the Australian state of Tasmania, and is part of the Australian Rugby Union....
statewide League.
There is also a very active club sports community within most of these sports. Tennis
Tennis
Tennis is a sport usually played between two players or between two teams of two players each . Each player uses a racket that is strung to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over a net into the opponent's court. Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society at all...
, golf
Golf
Golf is a precision club and ball sport, in which competing players use many types of clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a golf course using the fewest number of strokes....
and bowls
Bowls
Bowls is a sport in which the objective is to roll slightly asymmetric balls so that they stop close to a smaller "jack" or "kitty". It is played on a pitch which may be flat or convex or uneven...
are also popular, particularly amongst older adults. Rosny Park Public Golf Course is a 9-hole golf course
Golf course
A golf course comprises a series of holes, each consisting of a teeing ground, fairway, rough and other hazards, and a green with a flagstick and cup, all designed for the game of golf. A standard round of golf consists of playing 18 holes, thus most golf courses have this number of holes...
located in the heart of the city, but there are also seven other course located throughout Clarence, including Tasmania's premier club, the Tasmanian Golf Club.
Most local schools participate in school competitions in major popular sports such as association football (also sometimes referred to as soccer in Australia), Australian rules football
Australian rules football
Australian rules football, officially known as Australian football, also called football, Aussie rules or footy is a sport played between two teams of 22 players on either...
, cricket
Cricket
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11 players on an oval-shaped field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard long pitch. One team bats, trying to score as many runs as possible while the other team bowls and fields, trying to dismiss the batsmen and thus limit the...
, hockey
Field hockey
Field Hockey, or Hockey, is a team sport in which a team of players attempts to score goals by hitting, pushing or flicking a ball into an opposing team's goal using sticks...
, netball
Netball
Netball is a ball sport played between two teams of seven players. Its development, derived from early versions of basketball, began in England in the 1890s. By 1960 international playing rules had been standardised for the game, and the International Federation of Netball and Women's Basketball ...
, swimming
Swimming (sport)
Swimming is a sport governed by the Fédération Internationale de Natation .-History: Competitive swimming in Europe began around 1800 BCE, mostly in the form of the freestyle. In 1873 Steve Bowyer introduced the trudgen to Western swimming competitions, after copying the front crawl used by Native...
and athletics. Many of these schools are equipped with their own home grounds for many of these sports and almost all at least have cricket grounds.
Recreation
The city of Clarence is blessed with many open spaces, parks and areas of bushland. In addition to hills, there is 191 km (119 mi) of shoreline, much of which is connected with paths, as well as over 30 beaches.Bellerive Yacht Club
Bellerive Yacht Club
The Bellerive Yacht Club is a yacht club in the Australian state of Tasmania. It was established in 1926 to cater for a growing population in the city of Clarence and encourage sailing activities amongst the population there...
is located within the city on the shore of the Derwent River in Kangaroo Bay. It is the second largest sailing club in southern Tasmania with over 800 members, and an annual turnover of over A$
Australian dollar
The Australian dollar is the currency of the Commonwealth of Australia, including Christmas Island, Cocos Islands, and Norfolk Island, as well as the independent Pacific Island states of Kiribati, Nauru and Tuvalu...
1 million. The club also host the annual Bellerive Regatta every February.
Other water sports and boating activities such as sailing
Sailing
Sailing is the propulsion of a vehicle and the control of its movement with large foils called sails. By changing the rigging, rudder, and sometimes the keel or centre board, a sailor manages the force of the wind on the sails in order to move the boat relative to its surrounding medium and...
, boating
Boating
Boating is the leisurely activity of travelling by boat, or the recreational use of a boat whether powerboats, sailboats, or man-powered vessels , focused on the travel itself, as well as sports activities, such as fishing or water skiing...
, fishing
Fishing
Fishing is the activity of trying to catch wild fish. Fish are normally caught in the wild. Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping....
and diving
Diving
Diving is the sport of jumping or falling into water from a platform or springboard, sometimes while performing acrobatics. Diving is an internationally-recognized sport that is part of the Olympic Games. In addition, unstructured and non-competitive diving is a recreational pastime.Diving is one...
are also popular within the city, which has eleven boat ramps, and numerous jetties. Cycling
Cycling
Cycling, also called bicycling or biking, is the use of bicycles for transport, recreation, or for sport. Persons engaged in cycling are cyclists or bicyclists...
is also a popular activity, and several kilometres of cycleways exist within the city, particularly following the shoreline. Horse riding facilities can be found at Acton
Acton Park, Tasmania
Acton Park is a rural suburb of Hobart, capital of Tasmania, Australia. It is in the City of Clarence Local Government Area. It's 2006 population was 2,129....
and surfing
Surfing
Surfing' is a surface water sport in which the surfer rides a surfboard on the crest and face of a wave which is carrying the surfer towards the shore...
is popular at Clifton
Clifton Beach, Tasmania
Clifton Beach is a town located approximately 25 km southeast of Hobart on the South Arm Peninsula on the outskirts of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. It is part of the City of Clarence, and is a popular surfing location....
and Goats Beaches.
Demography
As of the 2004 census, the population of the City of Clarence was 50,257, making it the 29th largest city in Australia. By 30 June 2010, it was estimated to have risen to 52,935. Of these, 40,177 were over the age of 15, and 7,862 were over the age of 65. The average age of Clarence residents is 40. 1,331 (2.7%) residents of the City of Clarence identified themselves as Indigenous AustraliansTasmanian Aborigines
The Tasmanian Aborigines were the indigenous people of the island state of Tasmania, Australia. Before British colonisation in 1803, there were an estimated 3,000–15,000 Parlevar. A number of historians point to introduced disease as the major cause of the destruction of the full-blooded...
, an increase of 53 from the 2001 census.
51% of Clarence residents over the age of 15 were married, 12% were separated or divorced, 7% were widowed, and 30% never married.
The City of Clarence is a primarily residential city with 20,737 dwellings, although small scale manufacturing
Manufacturing
Manufacturing is the use of machines, tools and labor to produce goods for use or sale. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production, in which raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale...
, agriculture
Agriculture
Agriculture is the cultivation of animals, plants, fungi and other life forms for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain life. Agriculture was the key implement in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the...
, viticulture
Viticulture
Viticulture is the science, production and study of grapes which deals with the series of events that occur in the vineyard. When the grapes are used for winemaking, it is also known as viniculture...
, retail
Retail
Retail consists of the sale of physical goods or merchandise from a fixed location, such as a department store, boutique or kiosk, or by mail, in small or individual lots for direct consumption by the purchaser. Retailing may include subordinated services, such as delivery. Purchasers may be...
and government administration
Administration (government)
The term administration, as used in the context of government, differs according to jurisdiction.-United States:In United States usage, the term refers to the executive branch under a specific president , for example: the "Barack Obama administration." It can also mean an executive branch agency...
are all prevalent.
The majority of the residences (17,298) in Clarence are separate detached houses (90%), although 998 residences were attached housing (5%), 831 were flats
Apartment
An apartment or flat is a self-contained housing unit that occupies only part of a building...
(4%), and there was also 94 other residences which did not fall into any of these categories. There was an average of 2.5 persons per dwelling, and out of the 20,737 residences 1,532 or 7% were vacant. 37% of occupied dwellings were privately owned, a further 37% were mortgaged, 20% rented, and the rest rent-free or under some other form of tenure. The average house price in Clarence is A$
Australian dollar
The Australian dollar is the currency of the Commonwealth of Australia, including Christmas Island, Cocos Islands, and Norfolk Island, as well as the independent Pacific Island states of Kiribati, Nauru and Tuvalu...
310,000. The average weekly mortgage cost is $243, and the average cost of rent is $150.
The major sectors of employment are retail
Retail
Retail consists of the sale of physical goods or merchandise from a fixed location, such as a department store, boutique or kiosk, or by mail, in small or individual lots for direct consumption by the purchaser. Retailing may include subordinated services, such as delivery. Purchasers may be...
(20%), education
Education
Education in its broadest, general sense is the means through which the aims and habits of a group of people lives on from one generation to the next. Generally, it occurs through any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts...
(12%), health
Health care
Health care is the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in humans. Health care is delivered by practitioners in medicine, chiropractic, dentistry, nursing, pharmacy, allied health, and other care providers...
and Community services
Social work
Social Work is a professional and academic discipline that seeks to improve the quality of life and wellbeing of an individual, group, or community by intervening through research, policy, community organizing, direct practice, and teaching on behalf of those afflicted with poverty or any real or...
(12%), property management
Property management
Property management is the operation, control of ususally on behalf of an owner, and oversight of commercial, industrial or residential real estate as used in its most broad terms. Management indicates a need to be cared for, monitored and accountability given for its usable life and condition...
and business
Business
A business is an organization engaged in the trade of goods, services, or both to consumers. Businesses are predominant in capitalist economies, where most of them are privately owned and administered to earn profit to increase the wealth of their owners. Businesses may also be not-for-profit...
services (5%), and construction
Construction
In the fields of architecture and civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure. Far from being a single activity, large scale construction is a feat of human multitasking...
and trade
Trade
Trade is the transfer of ownership of goods and services from one person or entity to another. Trade is sometimes loosely called commerce or financial transaction or barter. A network that allows trade is called a market. The original form of trade was barter, the direct exchange of goods and...
s (5%).
The average weekly income of Clarence residents (August 2006) is $458, which is $60 above the state average. The median household income is $1,124, $92 above the states average, and proves to be an average increase of 8% from the 2001 average.
85% of residents of Clarence were born in Tasmania, similar to the state average of 83%. Of those, 92% identified as being Anglo-Celtic Australian
Anglo-Celtic Australian
Anglo-Celtic Australian are citizens of Australia with British and/or Irish ancestral origins.-Demography:From the beginning of the colonial era until the mid-20th century, the vast majority of settlers were British or Irish...
. However this proportion has decreased by 1.1% from the 2001 figure. 91% of residents were Australian citizens, exactly the same as the state figure. Of those not born in Tasmania, the next most common birthplaces were England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
(1,996 or 4.0% of total), New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
(335, 0.7%), Scotland
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
(288, 0.6%), Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
(228, 0.5%), and the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
(182, 0.4%).
92% of Clarence residents spoke English
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...
as their primary language. Other languages identified as frequently spoken within the city were Greek
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
(199 speakers), German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
(157), Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
(107), Spanish
Spanish language
Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...
(80), and Dutch
Dutch language
Dutch is a West Germanic language and the native language of the majority of the population of the Netherlands, Belgium, and Suriname, the three member states of the Dutch Language Union. Most speakers live in the European Union, where it is a first language for about 23 million and a second...
(60). 3,155 residents identified various other languages as regularly spoken within the city.
The most commonly identified religious beliefs amongst residents of the City of Clarence were Anglicanism
Anglicanism
Anglicanism is a tradition within Christianity comprising churches with historical connections to the Church of England or similar beliefs, worship and church structures. The word Anglican originates in ecclesia anglicana, a medieval Latin phrase dating to at least 1246 that means the English...
(16,217, or 21%), Roman Catholic (10,610, or 19%), and Uniting
Uniting Church in Australia
The Uniting Church in Australia was formed on 22 June 1977 when many congregations of the Methodist Church of Australasia, the Presbyterian Church of Australia and the Congregational Union of Australia came together under the Basis of Union....
(2,331, or 2%). 9,917 residents (20%) belonged to various other faiths, and 9,611 (or 5%) identified as having no religion
Atheism
Atheism is, in a broad sense, the rejection of belief in the existence of deities. In a narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there are no deities...
.
Further reading
- A Alexander, The eastern shore, Rosny Park, 2003.
- The Eastern Shore - A History of Clarence. Published by the Clarence City Council. Clarence, Tasmania. (2003)
- Clarence - A Brighter Place. Published by the Clarence City Council. Clarence, Tasmania. (2003)