Lienz
Encyclopedia
Lienz is a medieval town
in the Austria
n state of Tyrol
. It is the administrative centre of the Lienz
district, which covers all of East Tyrol
. The municipality
also includes the cadastral subdivision of Patriasdorf.
of the rivers Isel
and Drava
in the Eastern Alps
, between the Hohe Tauern
mountain range in the north (including the Schober
and Kreuzeck group
s), and the Gailtal Alps
in the south. It is connected with Winklern
in Carinthia
by the Iselsberg Pass
. The neighbouring municipality of Leisach
marks the easternmost point of the Puster Valley.
By the consistent growth of the city, some smaller villages around - though officially municipalities in their own right - are now widely considered to be suburbs of Lienz. Those suburbs comprise:
about 2000 BC. Celtic people lived here from about 300 BC on, mainly as miners
, who came under control of the Roman Empire
in 15 BC. The area was incorporated into the province
of Noricum
and Emperor Claudius
had a municipium
called Aguntum
erected near Lienz in the today's municipality of Dölsach
. Aguntum became the see of an Early Christian
bishop in the 5th century but decayed during the Slavic settlement of the Eastern Alps
and the subsequent fights with the Bavarii
under King Tassilo I
about 600. Part of the Slavic principality of Carantania, the area passed under Bavarian
and finally Frankish suzerainty during the 8th century.
Lienz itself was first mentioned as Luenzina in a deed issued by the Bishop of Brixen
about 1030. The settlement itself, together with neighbouring Patriasdorf, then belonged of the Patriarchs of Aquileia
, who were elevated to immediate landlords by Emperor Henry IV
in 1077. It was then purchased by the scions of the Meinhardiner dynasty, who held the office of Aquileian Vögte
(reeves) and chose Lienz as a residence. From about 1127 they called themselves Counts of Görz (Gorizia
).
Located on the important trade route from Venzone
in Friuli
to Salzburg
, the market town
of Lienz received city rights
on 25 February 1242. In 1278 the Counts finished Burg Bruck
, a castle that until 1500 served as their local seat. When the Meinhardiner became extinct in 1500 upon the death of Count Leonhard of Gorizia
, their estates were bequeathed to the Habsburg King Maximilian I
and finally incorporated into the County of Tyrol
. From the status of an Imperial
residence, Lienz sank to the insignificance of a provincial town within the Habsburg Monarchy
.
During the Italian campaigns of the French Revolutionary Wars, Lienz was occupied twice by French
troops in 1797. After the Austrian
defeat at the Battle of Austerlitz
, Lienz with Tyrol passed to the Electorate of Bavaria
according to the 1805 Peace of Pressburg
. In 1809 it became the administrative centre of a district within the short-lived Napoleonic Illyrian Provinces
, but was reconquered by Austrian troops in 1813. After World War I
the southern parts of the former Cisleithania
n crown land of Tyrol (i.e. Trentino and South Tyrol
) were awarded to the Kingdom of Italy under the terms of the London Pact and the 1919 Treaty of Saint-Germain, making the Lienz district of East Tyrol an exclave with no territorial connection to the mainland of North Tyrol
. After the 1938 Anschluss
of the Federal State of Austria
into Nazi Germany
, the Lienz district became a part of the "Reichsgau
" of Carinthia.
On May 8, 1945
British
forces occupied Lienz, which together with Carinthia and Styria
became part of the UK occupation zone
. At this time several thousand members of the former Wehrmacht 1st Cossack Division
coming from Yugoslavia
had arrived in and around Lienz. They surrendered to the British troops but were forcibly repatriated
to the Soviet
allies.
to the Puster Valley in the Italian
province of South Tyrol
(B100), and the Felbertauernstraße (B108) from Lienz to Mittersill
in Salzburg
. It is also connected by the Drautalbahn railway line from Villach
to Innichen
in South Tyrol.
with: Gorizia
, Italy
Jackson, Wyoming
, United States
Selçuk
, Turkey
Town privileges
Town privileges or city rights were important features of European towns during most of the second millennium.Judicially, a town was distinguished from the surrounding land by means of a charter from the ruling monarch that defined its privileges and laws. Common privileges were related to trading...
in the Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
n state of Tyrol
Tyrol (state)
Tyrol is a state or Bundesland, located in the west of Austria. It comprises the Austrian part of the historical region of Tyrol.The state is split into two parts–called North Tyrol and East Tyrol–by a -wide strip of land where the state of Salzburg borders directly on the Italian province of...
. It is the administrative centre of the Lienz
Lienz (district)
The Bezirk Lienz is an administrative district in Tyrol, Austria. It is the only district in East Tyrol. The district borders the Pinzgau in the north, the districts Spittal an der Drau and Hermagor in the east, Veneto in the south, and South Tyrol in the west.Area of the district is 2,019.87...
district, which covers all of East Tyrol
East Tyrol
East Tyrol, or East Tirol , is an exclave of the Austrian state of Tyrol, sharing no border with the main North Tyrol part of the state. It corresponds with the administrative district of Lienz....
. The municipality
Municipality
A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...
also includes the cadastral subdivision of Patriasdorf.
Geography
Lienz is located at the confluenceConfluence
Confluence, in geography, describes the meeting of two or more bodies of water.Confluence may also refer to:* Confluence , a property of term rewriting systems...
of the rivers Isel
ISEL
ISEL can refer to:*Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, a Portuguese school of engineering*Industrial Syndicalist Education League, a British syndicalist organisation*Institut supérieur d'études logistiques, a French school of engineering...
and Drava
Drava
Drava or Drave is a river in southern Central Europe, a tributary of the Danube. It sources in Toblach/Dobbiaco, Italy, and flows east through East Tirol and Carinthia in Austria, into Slovenia , and then southeast, passing through Croatia and forming most of the border between Croatia and...
in the Eastern Alps
Eastern Alps
Eastern Alps is the name given to the eastern half of the Alps, usually defined as the area east of the Splügen Pass in eastern Switzerland. North of the Splügen Pass, the Posterior Rhine forms the border, and south of the pass, the Liro river and Lake Como form the boundary line.-Geography:The...
, between the Hohe Tauern
Hohe Tauern
The Hohe Tauern or High Tauern are a mountain range on the main chain of the Central Eastern Alps, comprising the highest peaks east of the Brenner Pass. The crest forms the southern border of the Austrian state of Salzburg with Carinthia and East Tyrol, while a small part in the southwest belongs...
mountain range in the north (including the Schober
Schober group
The Schober Group is a sub-range of mountains in the Central Austrian Alps. Most of the range is located inside Hohe Tauern National Park. Its highest peak is Petzeck at ....
and Kreuzeck group
Kreuzeck Group
The Kreuzeck Group is a mountain range in Carinthia, Austria, which forms part of the Central Eastern Alps. It may be considered a part of the Hohe Tauern....
s), and the Gailtal Alps
Southern Limestone Alps
The Southern Limestone Alps are the ranges of the Eastern Alps south of the Central Eastern Alps mainly located in northern Italy and the adjacent lands of Austria and Slovenia. The distinction from the Central Alps, where the higher peaks are located, is based on differences in geological...
in the south. It is connected with Winklern
Winklern
Winklern is a town in the district of Spittal an der Drau in Carinthia in Austria....
in Carinthia
Carinthia (state)
Carinthia is the southernmost Austrian state or Land. Situated within the Eastern Alps it is chiefly noted for its mountains and lakes.The main language is German. Its regional dialects belong to the Southern Austro-Bavarian group...
by the Iselsberg Pass
Iselsberg Pass
Iselsberg Pass is a high mountain pass in the Austrian Alps between the Bundesländer of Tyrol and Carinthia.It connects East Tyrol with the Möll River valley in Carinthia. To reach the mines in the Möll valley, there was a road here already in Roman times.-See also:* List of highest paved roads in...
. The neighbouring municipality of Leisach
Leisach
Leisach is a municipality in the district of Lienz in Tyrol in Austria....
marks the easternmost point of the Puster Valley.
By the consistent growth of the city, some smaller villages around - though officially municipalities in their own right - are now widely considered to be suburbs of Lienz. Those suburbs comprise:
| Thurn Thurn Thurn is a municipality in the district of Lienz in Tyrol in Austria.... , Gaimberg Gaimberg Gaimberg is a municipality in the district of Lienz in Tyrol in Austria. It is situated north of the town of Lienz. The neighbouring municipalities are Lienz, Nußdorf-Debant and Thurn. The municipality consists of the following neighbourhoods: Grafendorf, Obergaimberg, Untergaimberg,... |
||
| Leisach Leisach Leisach is a municipality in the district of Lienz in Tyrol in Austria.... , Oberlienz Oberlienz Oberlienz is a municipality in the district of Lienz in Tyrol in Austria.... |
 |
Nußdorf-Debant Nußdorf-Debant Nußdorf-Debant is a municipality in the district of Lienz in Tyrol in Austria.-External links:... |
| Amlach Amlach Amlach is a municipality in the district of Lienz in Tyrol in Austria.... , Tristach Tristach Tristach is a municipality in the district of Lienz in Tyrol in Austria.... |
History
The area of Lienz had been settled since the Bronze AgeBronze Age
The Bronze Age is a period characterized by the use of copper and its alloy bronze as the chief hard materials in the manufacture of some implements and weapons. Chronologically, it stands between the Stone Age and Iron Age...
about 2000 BC. Celtic people lived here from about 300 BC on, mainly as miners
Mining
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, from an ore body, vein or seam. The term also includes the removal of soil. Materials recovered by mining include base metals, precious metals, iron, uranium, coal, diamonds, limestone, oil shale, rock...
, who came under control of the Roman Empire
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
in 15 BC. The area was incorporated into the province
Roman province
In Ancient Rome, a province was the basic, and, until the Tetrarchy , largest territorial and administrative unit of the empire's territorial possessions outside of Italy...
of Noricum
Noricum
Noricum, in ancient geography, was a Celtic kingdom stretching over the area of today's Austria and a part of Slovenia. It became a province of the Roman Empire...
and Emperor Claudius
Claudius
Claudius , was Roman Emperor from 41 to 54. A member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, he was the son of Drusus and Antonia Minor. He was born at Lugdunum in Gaul and was the first Roman Emperor to be born outside Italy...
had a municipium
Municipium
Municipium , the prototype of English municipality, was the Latin term for a town or city. Etymologically the municipium was a social contract between municipes, the "duty holders," or citizens of the town. The duties, or munera, were a communal obligation assumed by the municipes in exchange for...
called Aguntum
Aguntum
The ruins of Aguntum are Roman site in East Tirol, Austria, located ca. 4 km east of Lienz in the Drau valley. The city appears to have been built to exploit the local sources of iron, copper, zinc and gold...
erected near Lienz in the today's municipality of Dölsach
Dölsach
Dölsach is a municipality in the district of Lienz in Tyrol in Austria....
. Aguntum became the see of an Early Christian
Early Christianity
Early Christianity is generally considered as Christianity before 325. The New Testament's Book of Acts and Epistle to the Galatians records that the first Christian community was centered in Jerusalem and its leaders included James, Peter and John....
bishop in the 5th century but decayed during the Slavic settlement of the Eastern Alps
Slavic settlement of the Eastern Alps
Slavic settlement of the Eastern Alps region was a historic process that took place between the 6th and 9th century AD, having culminated in the final quarter of the 6th century...
and the subsequent fights with the Bavarii
Bavarii
The Bavarii were a Germanic tribe whose name emerged late in Teutonic tribal times. The full name originally was the Germanic *baio-warioz. This name has been handed down as Baiwaren, Baioaren, Bioras, latinised Bavarii, Baioarii. or Bavarii, Bavarians, Bajuwaren, Bajuvarii, Bajuwaren and Baiern....
under King Tassilo I
Tassilo I of Bavaria
Tassilo I was King of Bavaria from 591 to his death. According to Paul the Deacon, he was appointed as Bavarian rex by Childebert II, Frankish king of Austrasia, in 591, ending the war with the Franks. The war began during the reign of Tassilo's predecessor, Garibald I, when Garibald concluded a...
about 600. Part of the Slavic principality of Carantania, the area passed under Bavarian
History of Bavaria
The history of Bavaria stretches from its earliest settlement and its formation as a stem duchy in the 6th century through its inclusion in the Holy Roman Empires to its status as an independent kingdom and, finally, as a large and significant Bundesland of the modern Federal Republic of...
and finally Frankish suzerainty during the 8th century.
Lienz itself was first mentioned as Luenzina in a deed issued by the Bishop of Brixen
Bishopric of Brixen
The Bishopric of Brixen is a former Roman Catholic diocese and also a former ecclesiastical state of the Holy Roman Empire in the present province of South Tyrol. The bishopric in the Eisack/Isarco valley was established in the 6th century and gradually received more secular powers...
about 1030. The settlement itself, together with neighbouring Patriasdorf, then belonged of the Patriarchs of Aquileia
Patriarchate of Aquileia (State)
The Patriarchate of Aquileia was an Imperial State in the Friulian region of Northeastern Italy under the control of the Patriarchs of Aquileia.- Foundation :...
, who were elevated to immediate landlords by Emperor Henry IV
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry IV was King of the Romans from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century...
in 1077. It was then purchased by the scions of the Meinhardiner dynasty, who held the office of Aquileian Vögte
Vogt
A Vogt ; plural Vögte; Dutch voogd; Danish foged; ; ultimately from Latin [ad]vocatus) in the Holy Roman Empire was the German title of a reeve or advocate, an overlord exerting guardianship or military protection as well as secular justice...
(reeves) and chose Lienz as a residence. From about 1127 they called themselves Counts of Görz (Gorizia
Gorizia
Gorizia is a town and comune in northeastern Italy, in the autonomous region of Friuli Venezia Giulia. It is located at the foot of the Julian Alps, bordering Slovenia. It is the capital of the Province of Gorizia, and it is a local center of tourism, industry, and commerce. Since 1947, a twin...
).
Located on the important trade route from Venzone
Venzone
thumb|250px|The Communal Palace.Venzone is a comune in the Province of Udine in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 90 km northwest of Trieste and about 30 km north of Udine.-History:...
in Friuli
Friuli
Friuli is an area of northeastern Italy with its own particular cultural and historical identity. It comprises the major part of the autonomous region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, i.e. the province of Udine, Pordenone, Gorizia, excluding Trieste...
to Salzburg
Salzburg
-Population development:In 1935, the population significantly increased when Salzburg absorbed adjacent municipalities. After World War II, numerous refugees found a new home in the city. New residential space was created for American soldiers of the postwar Occupation, and could be used for...
, the market town
Market town
Market town or market right is a legal term, originating in the medieval period, for a European settlement that has the right to host markets, distinguishing it from a village and city...
of Lienz received city rights
Town privileges
Town privileges or city rights were important features of European towns during most of the second millennium.Judicially, a town was distinguished from the surrounding land by means of a charter from the ruling monarch that defined its privileges and laws. Common privileges were related to trading...
on 25 February 1242. In 1278 the Counts finished Burg Bruck
Burg Bruck
Burg Bruck is a medieval castle in Lienz in Tyrol, Austria.It was erected until 1278 as the residence of the Meinhardiner Counts of Görz. In 1500 the last count Leonhard of Görz bequested the castle to the Habsburg archduke Maximilian I of Austria, who incorporated it into his Tyrolean possessions...
, a castle that until 1500 served as their local seat. When the Meinhardiner became extinct in 1500 upon the death of Count Leonhard of Gorizia
Leonhard of Gorizia
Leonhard of Gorizia from the Meinhardiner dynasty was the last Count of Görz at Lienz and Gorizia from 1454 until his death....
, their estates were bequeathed to the Habsburg King Maximilian I
Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor
Maximilian I , the son of Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleanor of Portugal, was King of the Romans from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1493 until his death, though he was never in fact crowned by the Pope, the journey to Rome always being too risky...
and finally incorporated into the County of Tyrol
County of Tyrol
The County of Tyrol, Princely County from 1504, was a State of the Holy Roman Empire, from 1814 a province of the Austrian Empire and from 1867 a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary...
. From the status of an Imperial
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
residence, Lienz sank to the insignificance of a provincial town within the Habsburg Monarchy
Habsburg Monarchy
The Habsburg Monarchy covered the territories ruled by the junior Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg , and then by the successor House of Habsburg-Lorraine , between 1526 and 1867/1918. The Imperial capital was Vienna, except from 1583 to 1611, when it was moved to Prague...
.
During the Italian campaigns of the French Revolutionary Wars, Lienz was occupied twice by French
French First Republic
The French First Republic was founded on 22 September 1792, by the newly established National Convention. The First Republic lasted until the declaration of the First French Empire in 1804 under Napoleon I...
troops in 1797. After the Austrian
Austrian Empire
The Austrian Empire was a modern era successor empire, which was centered on what is today's Austria and which officially lasted from 1804 to 1867. It was followed by the Empire of Austria-Hungary, whose proclamation was a diplomatic move that elevated Hungary's status within the Austrian Empire...
defeat at the Battle of Austerlitz
Battle of Austerlitz
The Battle of Austerlitz, also known as the Battle of the Three Emperors, was one of Napoleon's greatest victories, where the French Empire effectively crushed the Third Coalition...
, Lienz with Tyrol passed to the Electorate of Bavaria
Electorate of Bavaria
The Electorate of Bavaria was an independent hereditary electorate of the Holy Roman Empire from 1623 to 1806, when it was succeeded by the Kingdom of Bavaria....
according to the 1805 Peace of Pressburg
Peace of Pressburg
The Peace of Pressburg refers to four peace treaties concluded in Pressburg . The fourth Peace of Pressburg of 1805 during the Napoleonic Wars is the best-known.-First:...
. In 1809 it became the administrative centre of a district within the short-lived Napoleonic Illyrian Provinces
Illyrian provinces
The Illyrian Provinces was an autonomous province of the Napoleonic French Empire on the north and east coasts of the Adriatic Sea between 1809 and 1816. Its capital was established at Laybach...
, but was reconquered by Austrian troops in 1813. After World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
the southern parts of the former Cisleithania
Cisleithania
Cisleithania was a name of the Austrian part of Austria-Hungary, the Dual Monarchy created in 1867 and dissolved in 1918. The name was used by politicians and bureaucrats, but it had no official status...
n crown land of Tyrol (i.e. Trentino and South Tyrol
South Tyrol
South Tyrol , also known by its Italian name Alto Adige, is an autonomous province in northern Italy. It is one of the two autonomous provinces that make up the autonomous region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. The province has an area of and a total population of more than 500,000 inhabitants...
) were awarded to the Kingdom of Italy under the terms of the London Pact and the 1919 Treaty of Saint-Germain, making the Lienz district of East Tyrol an exclave with no territorial connection to the mainland of North Tyrol
North Tyrol
North Tyrol, or North Tirol is the main part of the Austrian state of Tyrol, located in the western part of the country. The other part of the state is East Tyrol, which also belongs to Austria, but does not share a border with North Tyrol....
. After the 1938 Anschluss
Anschluss
The Anschluss , also known as the ', was the occupation and annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938....
of the Federal State of Austria
Federal State of Austria
The Federal State of Austria refers to Austria from 1934 to 1938, according to its self-conception a non-party, in fact a single-party state led by the fascist Fatherland's Front...
into Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
, the Lienz district became a part of the "Reichsgau
Reichsgau
A Reichsgau was an administrative subdivision created in a number of the areas annexed to Nazi Germany between 1938 and 1945...
" of Carinthia.
On May 8, 1945
Victory in Europe Day
Victory in Europe Day commemorates 8 May 1945 , the date when the World War II Allies formally accepted the unconditional surrender of the armed forces of Nazi Germany and the end of Adolf Hitler's Third Reich. The formal surrender of the occupying German forces in the Channel Islands was not...
British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
forces occupied Lienz, which together with Carinthia and Styria
Styria (state)
Styria is a state or Bundesland, located in the southeast of Austria. In area it is the second largest of the nine Austrian federated states, covering 16,401 km². It borders Slovenia as well as the other Austrian states of Upper Austria, Lower Austria, Salzburg, Burgenland, and Carinthia. ...
became part of the UK occupation zone
Allied-administered Austria
The Allied occupation of Austria lasted from 1945 to 1955. Austria had been regarded by Nazi Germany as a constituent part of the German state, but in 1943 the Allied powers agreed in the Declaration of Moscow that it would be regarded as the first victim of Nazi aggression, and treated as a...
. At this time several thousand members of the former Wehrmacht 1st Cossack Division
1st Cossack Division
The 1st Cossack Division was a Russian Cossack division of the German Army that served during World War II. It was created on the Eastern Front mostly out of Don Cossacks already serving in the Wehrmacht, those who escaped from the advancing Red Army and Soviet POWs. In 1945, the division was...
coming from Yugoslavia
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was the Yugoslav state that existed from the abolition of the Yugoslav monarchy until it was dissolved in 1992 amid the Yugoslav Wars. It was a socialist state and a federation made up of six socialist republics: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia,...
had arrived in and around Lienz. They surrendered to the British troops but were forcibly repatriated
Betrayal of the Cossacks
The Repatriation of Cossacks after WW2, also known as the Betrayal of the Cossacks, the Tragedy of Drau or the Massacre of Cossacks at Lienz refers to the forced repatriation to the USSR of the Cossacks and ethnic Russians who were allies of Nazi Germany during the Second World War.The...
to the Soviet
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
allies.
Politics
Seats in the municipal assembly (Gemeinderat) as of 2010 elections:- Austrian People's PartyAustrian People's PartyThe Austrian People's Party is a Christian democratic and conservative political party in Austria. A successor to the Christian Social Party of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it is similar to the Christian Democratic Union of Germany in terms of ideology...
(ÖVP): 11 - Social Democratic Party of AustriaSocial Democratic Party of AustriaThe Social Democratic Party of Austria is one of the oldest political parties in Austria. The SPÖ is one of the two major parties in Austria, and has ties to trade unions and the Austrian Chamber of Labour. The SPÖ is among the few mainstream European social-democratic parties that have preserved...
(SPÖ): 7 - Town of Lienz Party (LSL): 2
- Freedom Party of AustriaFreedom Party of AustriaThe Freedom Party of Austria is a political party in Austria. Ideologically, the party is a direct descendant of the German national liberal camp, which dates back to the 1848 revolutions. The FPÖ itself was founded in 1956 as the successor to the short-lived Federation of Independents , which had...
(FPÖ): 1
Transportation
Lienz is located at a road junction between the Drautalstraße highway, leading from CarinthiaCarinthia (state)
Carinthia is the southernmost Austrian state or Land. Situated within the Eastern Alps it is chiefly noted for its mountains and lakes.The main language is German. Its regional dialects belong to the Southern Austro-Bavarian group...
to the Puster Valley in the Italian
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
province of South Tyrol
South Tyrol
South Tyrol , also known by its Italian name Alto Adige, is an autonomous province in northern Italy. It is one of the two autonomous provinces that make up the autonomous region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. The province has an area of and a total population of more than 500,000 inhabitants...
(B100), and the Felbertauernstraße (B108) from Lienz to Mittersill
Mittersill
Mittersill is a city in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria, in the Pinzgau region of the Alps. It is located on the Salzach River. It had a population of 5,464 in 2005.- Geography :...
in Salzburg
Salzburg (state)
Salzburg is a state or Land of Austria with an area of 7,156 km2, located adjacent to the German border. It is also known as Salzburgerland, to distinguish it from its capital city, also named Salzburg...
. It is also connected by the Drautalbahn railway line from Villach
Villach
Villach is the second largest city in the Carinthia state in the southern Austria, at the Drava River and represents an important traffic junction for Austria and the whole Alpe-Adria region. , the population is 58,480.-History:...
to Innichen
Innichen
Innichen is a market town and comune in South Tyrol in the Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.It is located in the Puster Valley on the Drava river, about 120 km northeast of Trento and about 80 km northeast of Bolzano , on Italy's border with Austria.As November 2010, it had a...
in South Tyrol.
Notable people
- Raimund AbrahamRaimund AbrahamRaimund Johann Abraham was an Austrian architect.- Life :Raimund Johann Abraham was born in Lienz, Tyrol. He studied architecture at the Technical University in Graz and in 1959 established an architectural studio in Vienna, where he soon emerged as a leading avant-gardist. In 1964 he moved to the...
, architectArchitectAn architect is a person trained in the planning, design and oversight of the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to offer or render services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the...
, born July 23, 1933 in Lienz - Josef "Pepi" StieglerJosef StieglerJosef "Pepi" Stiegler is a former alpine ski racer. He was a member of the Austrian national ski team during the late 1950s and early 1960s and was one of the world's premier racers. He is the father of Resi Stiegler, an alpine ski racer on the U.S...
, skiingAlpine skiingAlpine skiing is the sport of sliding down snow-covered hills on skis with fixed-heel bindings. Alpine skiing can be contrasted with skiing using free-heel bindings: Ski mountaineering and nordic skiing – such as cross-country; ski jumping; and Telemark. In competitive alpine skiing races four...
champion, father of US skier Resi StieglerResi StieglerResi Stiegler is an American alpine skier.The daughter of Austrian Olympic champion Josef "Pepi" Stiegler, began skiing at age two and racing at six. Junior Olympic and Nor-Am success while still a teenager led to a U.S. Ski Team berth and eventually her first World Cup start in 2002, a slalom in...
, was born April 20, 1937 in Lienz - Beda WeberBeda WeberJohann Chrysanth "Beda" Weber was a German Benedictine professor, author, and member of the Frankfurt Parliament.- Biography :...
, authorAuthorAn author is broadly defined as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created. Narrowly defined, an author is the originator of any written work.-Legal significance:...
, theologianTheologyTheology is the systematic and rational study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truths, or the learned profession acquired by completing specialized training in religious studies, usually at a university or school of divinity or seminary.-Definition:Augustine of Hippo...
and member of the Frankfurt ParliamentFrankfurt ParliamentThe Frankfurt Assembly was the first freely elected parliament for all of Germany. Session was held from May 18, 1848 to May 31, 1849 in the Paulskirche at Frankfurt am Main...
, born 26 October 1798 in Lienz, died February 28, 1859 in Frankfurt am Main - Alexander LuggerAlexander LuggerAlexander Lugger is an Austrian ski mountaineer and coach of the national team.Lugger was born in Lienz. He started ski mountaineering in 1984 and competed first in the Lesachtaler Skitourenlauf race in 1992...
, born May 8, 1968 in Lienz, Austrian ski mountaineer and coach of the national team. - Fritz StroblFritz StroblFritz Strobl is a former World Cup alpine ski racer.Strobl was the gold medalist in the downhill at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City....
, born August 24, 1972 in Lienz. World Cup skier, Olympic Super G Champion in 2002, and winner nine World Cups.
Twin towns — Sister cities
Lienz is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with: Gorizia
Gorizia
Gorizia is a town and comune in northeastern Italy, in the autonomous region of Friuli Venezia Giulia. It is located at the foot of the Julian Alps, bordering Slovenia. It is the capital of the Province of Gorizia, and it is a local center of tourism, industry, and commerce. Since 1947, a twin...
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
Jackson, Wyoming
Jackson, Wyoming
Jackson is a town located in the Jackson Hole valley of Teton County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 8,647 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Teton County....
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
Selçuk
Selçuk
Selçuk is the central town of Selçuk district, İzmir Province in Turkey, 2 km northeast of Ephesus.Its original Greek name, Agios Theológos referred to John the Theologian. Under the Ottoman Empire, it was known as Ayasoluk...
, Turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...