The Philippines

Philippines

The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...

 supports a rich and varied flora

Flora

Flora is the plant life occurring in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring or indigenous—native plant life. The corresponding term for animals is fauna.-Etymology:...

 with close botanical connections to Indonesia

Indonesia

Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...

 and mainland Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia, South-East Asia, South East Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia. The region lies on the intersection of geological plates, with heavy seismic...

. Forests cover almost one-half of the land area and are typically tropical, with the dominant family, Dipterocarpaceae

Dipterocarpaceae

Dipterocarpaceae is a family of 17 genera and approximately 500 species of mainly tropical lowland rainforest trees. The family name, from the type genus Dipterocarpus, is derived from Greek and refers to the two-winged fruit...

, representing 75% of the stands. The forest also has vine

Vine

A vine in the narrowest sense is the grapevine , but more generally it can refer to any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent, that is to say climbing, stems or runners...

s, epiphytes, and climbers. Open grasslands, ranging up to 2.4 m (8 ft) in height, occupy one-fourth of the land area; they are man- made, the aftermath of the slash-and-burn agricultural system, and most contain tropical savanna

Savanna

A savanna, or savannah, is a grassland ecosystem characterized by the trees being sufficiently small or widely spaced so that the canopy does not close. The open canopy allows sufficient light to reach the ground to support an unbroken herbaceous layer consisting primarily of C4 grasses.Some...

 grasses that are nonnutritious and difficult to eradicate. The diverse flora includes 8,000 species of flowering plants, 1,000 kinds of ferns, and 800 species of orchids.

Seventy to eighty percent of non-flying mammals in the Philippines are found nowhere else in the world.
Common mammals include the wild hog, deer

Deer

Deer are the ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. Species in the Cervidae family include white-tailed deer, elk, moose, red deer, reindeer, fallow deer, roe deer and chital. Male deer of all species and female reindeer grow and shed new antlers each year...

, wild carabao

Carabao

The carabao or Bubalus bubalis carabanesis is a subspecies of the domesticated water buffalo found in the Philippines, Guam, Indonesia, Malaysia, and various parts of Southeast Asia...

, monkey

Monkey

A monkey is a primate, either an Old World monkey or a New World monkey. There are about 260 known living species of monkey. Many are arboreal, although there are species that live primarily on the ground, such as baboons. Monkeys are generally considered to be intelligent. Unlike apes, monkeys...

, civet cat

Civet

The family Viverridae is made up of around 30 species of medium-sized mammal, including all of the genets, the binturong, most of the civets, and the two African linsangs....

, and various rodent

Rodent

Rodentia is an order of mammals also known as rodents, characterised by two continuously growing incisors in the upper and lower jaws which must be kept short by gnawing....

s. There are about 196 breeding species of bird

Bird

Birds are feathered, winged, bipedal, endothermic , egg-laying, vertebrate animals. Around 10,000 living species and 188 families makes them the most speciose class of tetrapod vertebrates. They inhabit ecosystems across the globe, from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Extant birds range in size from...

s, among the more numerous being the megapodes (turkey-like wildfowl), button quail

Quail

Quail is a collective name for several genera of mid-sized birds generally considered in the order Galliformes. Old World quail are found in the family Phasianidae, while New World quail are found in the family Odontophoridae...

, jungle fowl

Fowl

Fowl is a word for birds in general but usually refers to birds belonging to one of two biological orders, namely the gamefowl or landfowl and the waterfowl...

, peacock pheasant, dove

Dove

Pigeons and doves constitute the bird family Columbidae within the order Columbiformes, which include some 300 species of near passerines. In general terms "dove" and "pigeon" are used somewhat interchangeably...

, pigeon, parrot

Parrot

Parrots, also known as psittacines , are birds of the roughly 372 species in 86 genera that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions. The order is subdivided into three families: the Psittacidae , the Cacatuidae and the Strigopidae...

, and hornbill

Hornbill

Hornbills are a family of bird found in tropical and subtropical Africa, Asia and Melanesia. They are characterized by a long, down-curved bill which is frequently brightly-colored and sometimes has a casque on the upper mandible. Both the common English and the scientific name of the family...

. Reptilian life is represented by 190 species; there are crocodiles and the larger snake

Snake

Snakes are elongate, legless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes that can be distinguished from legless lizards by their lack of eyelids and external ears. Like all squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales...

s include the python and several varieties of cobra

Cobra

Cobra is a venomous snake belonging to the family Elapidae. However, not all snakes commonly referred to as cobras are of the same genus, or even of the same family. The name is short for cobra capo or capa Snake, which is Portuguese for "snake with hood", or "hood-snake"...

.

The fauna on Bohol

Bohol

Bohol is an island province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas region, consisting of Bohol Island and 75 minor surrounding islands. Its capital is Tagbilaran City. With a land area of and a coastline long, Bohol is the tenth largest island of the Philippines...

 is almost identical to that on Mindanao

Mindanao

Mindanao is the second largest and easternmost island in the Philippines. It is also the name of one of the three island groups in the country, which consists of the island of Mindanao and smaller surrounding islands. The other two are Luzon and the Visayas. The island of Mindanao is called The...

, Samar

Samar

Samar, formerly and also known as Western Samar, is a province in the Philippines located in the Eastern Visayas region. Its capital is Catbalogan City and covers the western portion of Samar as well as several islands in the Samar Sea located to the west of the mainland...

, and Leyte

Leyte

Leyte is a province of the Philippines located in the Eastern Visayas region. Its capital is Tacloban City and occupies the northern three-quarters of the Leyte Island. Leyte is located west of Samar Island, north of Southern Leyte and south of Biliran...

, but not that on nearby Negros. Scientists believe that the floral and faunal biodiversity unique to the Philippines is caused by the Ice Age. They also believe that the country has the most severely endangered plant and animal communities on earth.

Bohol is an island province in the Philippines

Philippines

The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...

 and its 10th largest island. It is located in the Central Visayas region and has a population of 1,137,000 (2000 census) with an area of 4,117.3 km.
This is a list of the most common species and varieties of flora

Flora

Flora is the plant life occurring in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring or indigenous—native plant life. The corresponding term for animals is fauna.-Etymology:...

 and fauna

Fauna

Fauna or faunæ is all of the animal life of any particular region or time. The corresponding term for plants is flora.Zoologists and paleontologists use fauna to refer to a typical collection of animals found in a specific time or place, e.g. the "Sonoran Desert fauna" or the "Burgess shale fauna"...

 specific to the province of Bohol

Bohol

Bohol is an island province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas region, consisting of Bohol Island and 75 minor surrounding islands. Its capital is Tagbilaran City. With a land area of and a coastline long, Bohol is the tenth largest island of the Philippines...

 in the Philippines

Philippines

The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...

, endemic or otherwise.

Hardwood and other tree species

1. abihíd
2. Acacia
   Acacia
   Acacia is a genus of shrubs and trees belonging to the subfamily Mimosoideae of the family Fabaceae, first described in Africa by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus in 1773. Many non-Australian species tend to be thorny, whereas the majority of Australian acacias are not...
   
    - Rain tree; Samanea
   Samanea
   Samanea is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the sub family Mimosoideae....
   
    saman Merr.; Other scientific names: Mimosa saman Jacq.; Inga saman Willd.; Pithecolobium saman Benth.; Enterolobium saman Prain
3. almáciga - Agathis philippinensis
   Agathis philippinensis
   Agathis philippinensis is a species of Agathis native to the Philippines, Sulawesi and Halmahera, where it occurs in upland tropical rainforest at 450-2,200 m altitude, rarely as low as 250 m in northern Luzon....
   
   
4. bagakay
5. Bagalñga (C. Bis.) - Lygodium
   Lygodium
   Lygodium is a genus of about 40 species of ferns, native to tropical regions across the world, with a few temperate species in eastern Asia and eastern North America...
   
    japonicum; Paraiso
6. bago
7. balete - Indian rubber tree; Ficus
   Ficus
   Ficus is a genus of about 850 species of woody trees, shrubs, vines, epiphytes, and hemiepiphyte in the family Moraceae. Collectively known as fig trees or figs, they are native throughout the tropics with a few species extending into the semi-warm temperate zone. The Common Fig Ficus is a genus of...
   
    elastica
8. bánaba - Lagerstroemia speciosa
   Lagerstroemia speciosa
   thumb|left|Bark in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].Lagerstroemia speciosa thumb|left|Bark in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].Lagerstroemia speciosa thumb|left|Bark in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].Lagerstroemia speciosa (Giant Crape-myrtle, Queen's Crape-myrtle, Banabá...
   
   ; Queen's Flower or Crepe Myrtle and the Pride of India;
9. bangkal - Nauclea orientalis
   Nauclea orientalis
   Nauclea orientalis is a species of tree in the Rubiaceae family. It is commonly known as the Leichhardt tree and yellow cheesewood, among other names. It grows to a maximum of around in height and has large glossy leaves. It bears spherical clusters of fragrant flowers that develop into golf...
   
   ; Leichhardt tree, yellow cheesewood
10. bangkaw - Nauclea subdita; bulobangkal, bongkol
11. Batinô - Alstonia macrophylla
12. bitaóg - Calophyllkum blancoi; Calophyllum wallichianum Vidal
13. bujangjang - Prayer beads; Arbus precatorius Linn.; saga
14. bulí - Corypha
    Corypha
    Corypha is a genus of six or seven species of palms , native to India, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, New Guinea, and northeastern Australia...
    
     elata Roxb.; buri
15. kawayan - Bambusa
    Bambusa
    Bambusa is a large genus of clumping bamboos. These species are usually giant ones, with numerous branches at a node and one or two much larger than the rest...
    
     spinosa; Bambusa
    Bambusa
    Bambusa is a large genus of clumping bamboos. These species are usually giant ones, with numerous branches at a node and one or two much larger than the rest...
    
     vulgaris
16. dapdap - Erythrina variegata Linn. var. orientalis (Linn.); Indian coal tree
17. Date palm
    Date Palm
    The date palm is a palm in the genus Phoenix, cultivated for its edible sweet fruit. Although its place of origin is unknown because of long cultivation, it probably originated from lands around the Persian Gulf. It is a medium-sized plant, 15–25 m tall, growing singly or forming a clump with...
    
     - Palmae (INTRODUCED)
18. dorol - also called doldol; kapok
    Kapok
    Ceiba pentandra is a tropical tree of the order Malvales and the family Malvaceae , native to Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, northern South America, and to tropical west Africa...
    
     (Tag.) ; Ceiba pentandra
19. Eucalyptus - Eucalyptus
    Eucalyptus
    Eucalyptus is a diverse genus of flowering trees in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. Members of the genus dominate the tree flora of Australia...
    
     globulus (INTRODUCED)
20. Gemilina - Gmelina arborea
    Gmelina arborea
    Gmelina arborea, , locally known as Gamhar, is a fast growing deciduous tree, occurring naturally throughout greater part of India at altitudes up to 1500 meters...
    
     (INTRODUCED)
21. Ipil-ipil - Leucaena leucocephala Linn. (INTRODUCED)
22. lauaan - Diptecarpus thurifer
23. lubí - niyóg - Coconut
    Coconut
    The coconut palm, Cocos nucifera, is a member of the family Arecaceae . It is the only accepted species in the genus Cocos. The term coconut can refer to the entire coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which is not a botanical nut. The spelling cocoanut is an old-fashioned form of the word...
    
     - Cocos nucifera
24. madre de cacao - kakawate; Gliricidia
    Gliricidia
    Gliricidia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the sub family Faboideae.It is a small, deciduous, ornamental tree. The tree is leafless when in flower and bears fruits during April and May in India and countries with same climate. The small flowers are pale...
    
     sepium (INTRODUCED)
25. mahogany
    Mahogany
    The name mahogany is used when referring to numerous varieties of dark-colored hardwood. It is a native American word originally used for the wood of the species Swietenia mahagoni, known as West Indian or Cuban mahogany....
    
     - Philippine Mahogany
    Mahogany
    The name mahogany is used when referring to numerous varieties of dark-colored hardwood. It is a native American word originally used for the wood of the species Swietenia mahagoni, known as West Indian or Cuban mahogany....
    
    ; Swietenia
    Swietenia
    Swietenia is a genus of trees in the chinaberry family, Meliaceae. It occurs natively in the Neotropics, from southern Florida, the Caribbean, Mexico and Central America south to Bolivia...
    
     mahagoni (Meliaceae) (INTRODUCED)
26. mangga - Mango
    Mango
    The mango is a fleshy stone fruit belonging to the genus Mangifera, consisting of numerous tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The mango is native to India from where it spread all over the world. It is also the most cultivated fruit of the tropical world. While...
    
    ; Mangifera indica
    Mangifera indica
    Mangifera indica is a species of mango in the Anacardiaceae family. It is found in the wild in India and cultivated varieties have been introduced to other warm regions of the world...
    
     (Anacardiaceae); Bohol mangga
27. mangrove
    Mangrove
    Mangroves are various kinds of trees up to medium height and shrubs that grow in saline coastal sediment habitats in the tropics and subtropics – mainly between latitudes N and S...
    
     - Rhizophora mangle
    Rhizophora mangle
    Rhizophora mangle, known as the red mangrove, is distributed in estuarine ecosystems throughout the tropics. Its viviparous "seeds," in actuality called propagules, become fully mature plants before dropping off the parent tree...
    
    ; red mangrove; pagatpat; manggal
28. mangrove
    Mangrove
    Mangroves are various kinds of trees up to medium height and shrubs that grow in saline coastal sediment habitats in the tropics and subtropics – mainly between latitudes N and S...
    
     - Avicennia
    Avicennia
    Avicennia is a genus of flowering plants currently placed in the bear's breeches family, Acanthaceae. It contains mangrove trees, which occur in the intertidal zones of estuarine areas and are characterized by aerial roots. Species of Avicennia occur worldwide south of the Tropic of Cancer.The...
    
     nitida; black mangrove
29. mangrove
    Mangrove
    Mangroves are various kinds of trees up to medium height and shrubs that grow in saline coastal sediment habitats in the tropics and subtropics – mainly between latitudes N and S...
    
     - Sonneratia
    Sonneratia
    Sonneratia is a genus of plants in the family Lythraceae. Formerly the Sonneratia were placed in a family called Sonneratiaceae which included both the Sonneratia and the Duabanga, but these two are now placed in their own monotypic subfamilies of the family Lythraceae...
    
    
30. mangrove
    Mangrove
    Mangroves are various kinds of trees up to medium height and shrubs that grow in saline coastal sediment habitats in the tropics and subtropics – mainly between latitudes N and S...
    
     - Brugiera; red mangrove
31. mangrove
    Mangrove
    Mangroves are various kinds of trees up to medium height and shrubs that grow in saline coastal sediment habitats in the tropics and subtropics – mainly between latitudes N and S...
    
     - bakhawan babae; bakhawan lalake
32. mangrove
    Mangrove
    Mangroves are various kinds of trees up to medium height and shrubs that grow in saline coastal sediment habitats in the tropics and subtropics – mainly between latitudes N and S...
    
     - piyapî
33. mangrove
    Mangrove
    Mangroves are various kinds of trees up to medium height and shrubs that grow in saline coastal sediment habitats in the tropics and subtropics – mainly between latitudes N and S...
    
     - piyag-aw; bigî or tabigi; Xylocarpus
    Xylocarpus
    Xylocarpus is a genus of plants in the mahogany family . It includes two or three species of mangroves, native to coastal mangrove forests of the Western and Central Indo-Pacific, from eastern Africa to Tonga....
    
     moluccensis
34. mangrove
    Mangrove
    Mangroves are various kinds of trees up to medium height and shrubs that grow in saline coastal sediment habitats in the tropics and subtropics – mainly between latitudes N and S...
    
     - Bigî (Tagb.); Xylocarpus granatum
35. maribojoc - agoho; Casuarina
    Casuarina
    Casuarina is a genus of 17 species in the family Casuarinaceae, native to Australasia, southeast Asia, and islands of the western Pacific Ocean. It was once treated as the sole genus in the family, but has been split into three genera .They are evergreen shrubs and trees growing to 35 m tall...
    
     equisitofolia
36. molave - Vitex
    Vitex
    Vitex is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae Martynov, nom. cons. . It has about 250 species. Its type species is Vitex agnus-castus. There is no universal English name, though "chastetree" is common for many species...
    
     parviflora; tugás
37. narra - Philippine cedar; Pterocarpus indicus; Pterocarpus santalinus
    Pterocarpus santalinus
    Pterocarpus santalinus , ; Red Sanders or Red Sandalwood) is a species of Pterocarpus native to India. It is only found in south India in Kadapa and Chittoor on the Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh border....
    
    
38. Neem
    Neem
    Azadirachta indica is a tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae. It is one of two species in the genus Azadirachta, and is native to India growing in tropical and semi-tropical regions. Its fruits and seeds are the source of neem oil...
    
     tree - Azadirachta indica (INTRODUCED)
39. ninô or linô - Indian mulberry; Morinda citrifolia; apatot (noni
    Noni
    Morinda citrifolia, commonly known as great morinda, Indian mulberry, nunaakai , dog dumpling , mengkudu , Kumudu , pace , beach mulberry, cheese fruit or noni is a tree in the coffee family, Rubiaceae...
    
     juice)
40. nipâ - Nypa fruticans
    Nypa fruticans
    Nypa fruticans, known as the attap palm , nipa palm , and mangrove palm or buah atap , buah nipah , dừa nước , Ging Pol in Sinhala in Sri Lanka and gol pata , dani . It is the only palm considered a mangrove in the Mangroves Biome...
    
    ; nipâ palm
41. nitô - Lygodium
    Lygodium
    Lygodium is a genus of about 40 species of ferns, native to tropical regions across the world, with a few temperate species in eastern Asia and eastern North America...
    
     japonicum
42. oliva - olive
    Olive
    The olive , Olea europaea), is a species of a small tree in the family Oleaceae, native to the coastal areas of the eastern Mediterranean Basin as well as northern Iran at the south end of the Caspian Sea.Its fruit, also called the olive, is of major agricultural importance in the...
    
    ; Cycas
    Cycas
    Cycas is the type genus and the only genus currently recognised in the cycad family Cycadaceae. About 95 species are currently accepted. The best-known species is Cycas revoluta, widely cultivated under the name "Sago Palm" or "King Sago Palm" due to its palm-like appearance although it is not a...
    
     revoluta
43. pitogo - Cycas
    Cycas
    Cycas is the type genus and the only genus currently recognised in the cycad family Cycadaceae. About 95 species are currently accepted. The best-known species is Cycas revoluta, widely cultivated under the name "Sago Palm" or "King Sago Palm" due to its palm-like appearance although it is not a...
    
    
44. papuwá - annato; Bixa
    Bixa
    Bixa The plant is a tall shrub to small evergreen tree 6-10 m high, from tropical South America. It bears clusters of 5-cm bright white to pink flowers, resembling single wild roses, appearing at the tips of the branches. The fruits are in clusters: spiky looking red-brown seed pods covered in...
    
     orellana Linn.; suetes; atsuete (INTRODUCED)
45. rattan
    Rattan
    Rattan is the name for the roughly 600 species of palms in the tribe Calameae, native to tropical regions of Africa, Asia and Australasia.- Structure :...
    
     - Calamus
46. Rubber Tree - Hevea
    Hevea
    Hevea is a genus of flowering plants in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. It is also one of many names used commercially for the wood of the most economically important species H. brasiliensis.-Selected species:* Hevea benthamiana Müll.Arg....
    
     brasiliensis (Euphorbiaceae) (INTRODUCED)
47. teak - Philippine teak; Tectona
    Tectona
    Tectona is a genus of tropical hardwood trees in the mint family, Lamiaceae. The three species, often collectively called teak, are native to south and southeast Asia, mainly India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Burma, Indonesia and Thailand, and are commonly found as a component of monsoon forest vegetation...
    
     philippinensis
48. tipó - Antipolo; Artocarpus
    Artocarpus
    Artocarpus is a genus of about 60 trees of Southeast Asian origin and the Pacific, belonging to the mulberry family, Moraceae.-Description:...
    
     blancoi Merr.
49. talisay - Terminalia catappa; almond
    Almond
    The almond , is a species of tree native to the Middle East and South Asia. Almond is also the name of the edible and widely cultivated seed of this tree...
    
    
50. yakál - Dipterocarpus
    Dipterocarpus
    Dipterocarpus is a genus of flowering plants and the type genus of family Dipterocarpaceae. The genus has about 70 species, occurring in Southeast Asia. It is an important component of dipterocarp forests...
    
      plagutus

Note: very highly regulated species in the Philippines: lauaan, narra, Philippine mahogany

Fruit Trees/Plants

1. alibangbang - Bauhinia malabarica; butterfly-shaped leaves from a tree used for souring
2. atis - sugar apple; Annona squamosa
   Annona squamosa
   Annona squamosa a small well-branched tree or shrub that bears edible fruits called sugar-apple, species of the genus Annona and member of the family Annonaceae more willing to grow at lower altitudes than its relatives Annona reticulata and Annona cherimola making it the most widely cultivated of...
   
    Linn.; anonas (INTRODUCED)
3. Avocado
   Avocado
   The avocado is a tree native to Central Mexico, classified in the flowering plant family Lauraceae along with cinnamon, camphor and bay laurel...
   
    - Persea americana; avocado (INTRODUCED)
4. balingbing - Star fruit; Averrhoa carambola
   Averrhoa carambola
   Averrhoa carambola is a species of woody plant in the family Oxalidaceae; it has a number of common names including Carambola and Starfruit....
   
    Linn.; also Averrhoa pentandra Blanco (INTRODUCED)
5. batuan - Garcinia morella
   Garcinia morella
   Garcinia morella is a species of tree in the Clusiaceae family. In Tamil it is called ireevalsinni and in the Philippines it is known as batuan....
   
   , a small sour green fruit with a large seed
6. bayabas - Guava
   Guava
   Guavas are plants in the myrtle family genus Psidium , which contains about 100 species of tropical shrubs and small trees. They are native to Mexico, Central America, and northern South America...
   
   ; Psidium guajava (INTRODUCED)
7. boongon - pomelo
   Pomelo
   The pomelo is a citrus fruit native to Southeast Asia. It is usually pale green to yellow when ripe, with sweet white flesh and very thick albedo . It is the largest citrus fruit, 15–25 cm in diameter, and usually weighing 1–2 kg...
   
   ; Citrus maxima
8. bugnay - Antidesma bunius
   Antidesma bunius
   Antidesma bunius is a species of fruit tree in the Phyllanthaceae. It is native to Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and northern Australia. Its common Philippine name and other names include bignay, bugnay or bignai and currant tree. This is a variable plant which may be short and shrubby or tall...
   
    Linn.; bignay
9. cacao - Theobroma cacao (INTRODUCED)
10. kapeng barako - Philippine coffee; Coffea arabica
    Coffea arabica
    Coffea arabica is a species of Coffea originally indigenous to the mountains of Yemen in the Arabian Peninsula, hence its name, and also from the southwestern highlands of Ethiopia and southeastern Sudan. It is also known as the "coffee shrub of Arabia", "mountain coffee" or "arabica coffee"...
    
    ; Coffea canephora or C. robusta (INTRODUCED)
11. kaimito - caimito; Chrysophyllum caninito Linn.; star apple (INTRODUCED)
12. chico - Achras sapota Linn.; Sapota achras Mill.; Sapota zapotilla Coville (INTRODUCED)
13. chico- Manilkara zapote, a brown sweet fruit with black seeds (INTRODUCED)
14. Chinese holly - Ilex cornuta
    Ilex cornuta
    Ilex cornuta is a species of the genus Ilex in the plant family Aquifoliaceae. It is native to eastern China and Korea. It is a slow-growing, densely-foliaged evergreen shrub that attains a height of 3 metres . The leaves are usually 5-spined , between 3.5 cm and 10 cm long, oblong and...
    
     (INTRODUCED)
15. Curcuma domestica, turmeric (INTRODUCED)
16. dayáp - Citrus aurantifolia, lime (INTRODUCED)
17. duhat - Syzygium cumini, Java plum
18. durian - Durio zibethinus
19. granada - Punica granatum; Pomegranate (INTRODUCED)
20. guyabano - Soursop
    Soursop
    The Soursop is tripti broadleaf, flowering, evergreen tree native to Central America, the Caribbean and northern South America, Colombia and Brazil, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela, Soursop is also native to sub-Saharan African countries that lie within the tropics. Today, it is also grown in some areas...
    
    ; Annona muricata
    Annona muricata
    Annona muricata is a member of the family of Custard apple trees called Annonaceae and a species of the genus Annona known mostly for its edible fruits Anona. Annona muricata produces fruits that are usually called Soursop due to its slightly acidic taste when ripe. A...
    
     Linnaeus or A. muricata L. (Annonaceae); guyabano
21. ibâ - Averrhoa bilimbi; kamias
22. joló; koló - bread fruit; Artocarpus altilis
23. kamátsile - Pithecellobium dulce
    Pithecellobium dulce
    Pithecellobium dulce is a species of flowering plant in the pea family, Fabaceae, that is native to Mexico, Central America, and northern South America. It is introduced and extensively naturalised in the Caribbean, Florida, Guam and Southeast Asia. It is considered an invasive species in Hawaii.It...
    
    , kamachille, Madras thorn fruit
24. kapayas or kapajas - Papaya
    Papaya
    The papaya , papaw, or pawpaw is the fruit of the plant Carica papaya, the sole species in the genus Carica of the plant family Caricaceae...
    
    ; Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae) (INTRODUCED)
25. kasúy - Anacardium occidentale, cashew (INTRODUCED)
26. lanzones - Lansium domesticum
    Lansium domesticum
    Lansium domesticum, also known as langsat or lanzones, is a fruit from the family Meliaceae. The plant, which originates from western Southeast Asia. It is the provincial flower for the Indonesian province of South Sumatra.-Names:...
    
    
27. lemoncito - Citrus
    Citrus
    Citrus is a common term and genus of flowering plants in the rue family, Rutaceae. Citrus is believed to have originated in the part of Southeast Asia bordered by Northeastern India, Myanmar and the Yunnan province of China...
    
     microcarpa; kalamansi
28. lemoncito - Citrus madurensis, a small lime indigenous to the Philippines; also called Chinese orange, Panama orange
29. linga - Sesamum
    Sesamum
    Sesamum is a genus of approximately 20 species in the flowering plant family Pedaliaceae. The plants are annual or perennial herbs with edible seeds. The best-known member of the genus is sesame, Sesamum indicum , the source of sesame seeds. The species are primarily African, with some species...
    
      indicum
30. lomboy - Black plum; Syzgium cumini; duhat in Tagalog
31. macopa - Syzygium samarangense
    Syzygium samarangense
    Syzygium samarangense is a plant species in the Myrtaceae, native to India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Samoa, Sri Lanka and Thailand, and widely cultivated in the tropics...
    
    
32. mangga - mango
    Mango
    The mango is a fleshy stone fruit belonging to the genus Mangifera, consisting of numerous tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The mango is native to India from where it spread all over the world. It is also the most cultivated fruit of the tropical world. While...
    
     ; Mangifera indica
    Mangifera indica
    Mangifera indica is a species of mango in the Anacardiaceae family. It is found in the wild in India and cultivated varieties have been introduced to other warm regions of the world...
    
     (carabao, pajo)
33. manzanitas - datiles; ratiles; Muntingia calabura
    Muntingia calabura
    Muntingia calabura, the sole species in the genus Muntingia, is a flowering plant native to southern Mexico, the Caribbean, Central America, and western South America south to Peru and Bolivia...
    
    ; a little cherry-like wild fruit (INTRODUCED)
34. marang
    Marang
    The marang , also called johey oak, green pedalai, madang, tarap, terap, timadang, or breadfruit cousin, is a tree native to Borneo and Palawan. It is closely related to the jackfruit, cempedak, and breadfruit trees.It is an evergreen tree growing to 25 m tall...
    
     - Artocarpus odoratissima
35. nangkâ - Jackfruit
    Jackfruit
    The jackfruit is a species of tree in the Artocarpus genus of the mulberry family . It is native to parts of Southern and Southeast Asia. It is the national fruit of Bangladesh, . The jackfruit tree is believed to be indigenous to the southwestern rain forests of India...
    
    ; Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.; langkâ (INTRODUCED)
36. orange - Citrus aurantium; local orange; dalandan in Tagalog (INTRODUCED)
37. orange - Mandarin orange
    Mandarin orange
    The orange, also known as the ' or mandarine , is a small citrus tree with fruit resembling other oranges. Mandarin oranges are usually eaten plain or in fruit salads...
    
    ; Citrus reticulata (INTRODUCED)
38. orange - tangerine orange
    Tangerine
    __notoc__The tangerine is an orange-colored citrus fruit which is closely related to the Mandarin orange . Taxonomically, it should probably be formally named as a subspecies or variety of Citrus reticulata; further work seems to be required to ascertain its correct scientific name...
    
    ; Citrus nobilis ;dalandan (INTRODUCED)
39. orange - local lemon or lime - Citrus
    Citrus
    Citrus is a common term and genus of flowering plants in the rue family, Rutaceae. Citrus is believed to have originated in the part of Southeast Asia bordered by Northeastern India, Myanmar and the Yunnan province of China...
    
    ; dayap in Tagalog (INTRODUCED)
40. orange - Citrus medica (INTRODUCED)
41. passion fruit - Passiflora incarnata
    Passiflora incarnata
    Passiflora incarnata, commonly known as maypop, purple passionflower, true passionflower, wild apricot, and wild passion vine, is a fast growing perennial vine with climbing or trailing stems. A member of the passionflower genus Passiflora, the maypop has large, intricate flowers with prominent...
    
     (INTRODUCED)
42. pili nut - Canarium ovatum
43. pinya or pinja - Pineapple
    Pineapple
    Pineapple is the common name for a tropical plant and its edible fruit, which is actually a multiple fruit consisting of coalesced berries. It was given the name pineapple due to its resemblance to a pine cone. The pineapple is by far the most economically important plant in the Bromeliaceae...
    
    ; Ananas comosus
44. saging tundan - Banana
    Banana
    Banana is the common name for herbaceous plants of the genus Musa and for the fruit they produce. Bananas come in a variety of sizes and colors when ripe, including yellow, purple, and red....
    
    ; Musa
    Muša
    Mūša is a river in Northern Lithuania and Southern Latvia , having its confluence with river Nemunėlis , in Latvia, near city Bauska. Mūša is a tributary of the river Lielupė. Mūša is 164 kilometres long....
    
    ; (Musaceae)
45. Saging sab-a - Banana
    Banana
    Banana is the common name for herbaceous plants of the genus Musa and for the fruit they produce. Bananas come in a variety of sizes and colors when ripe, including yellow, purple, and red....
    
     variety; Musa
    Muša
    Mūša is a river in Northern Lithuania and Southern Latvia , having its confluence with river Nemunėlis , in Latvia, near city Bauska. Mūša is a tributary of the river Lielupė. Mūša is 164 kilometres long....
    
     (Musaceae)
46. Saging cavendish; Banana
    Banana
    Banana is the common name for herbaceous plants of the genus Musa and for the fruit they produce. Bananas come in a variety of sizes and colors when ripe, including yellow, purple, and red....
    
     variety; Musa
    Muša
    Mūša is a river in Northern Lithuania and Southern Latvia , having its confluence with river Nemunėlis , in Latvia, near city Bauska. Mūša is a tributary of the river Lielupė. Mūša is 164 kilometres long....
    
     (Musaceae)
47. Saging senyorita; Banana
    Banana
    Banana is the common name for herbaceous plants of the genus Musa and for the fruit they produce. Bananas come in a variety of sizes and colors when ripe, including yellow, purple, and red....
    
     variety; Musa
    Muša
    Mūša is a river in Northern Lithuania and Southern Latvia , having its confluence with river Nemunėlis , in Latvia, near city Bauska. Mūša is a tributary of the river Lielupė. Mūša is 164 kilometres long....
    
     (Musaceae)
48. Saging morado
49. sambag - Tamarindus indicus; tamarind
    Tamarind
    Tamarind is a tree in the family Fabaceae. The genus Tamarindus is monotypic .-Origin:...
    
    ; sampalok (INTRODUCED)
50. Santol - Sandoricum
    Sandoricum
    Sandoricum is a genus of plant in family Meliaceae. It contains the following species :* Sandoricum vidalii, Merr.* Sandoricum koetjape - Santol tree...
    
     koetjape Merr. (INTRODUCED)
51. siriguelas; sineguelas in Visayan or sigarilyas in Tagalog Spondias sp
52. suwâ-suwâ - Triphasia
    Triphasia
    Triphasia is a small genus of three species in the family Rutaceae, related to Citrus. The genus is native to southeastern Asia and New Guinea....
    
     trifolia P. Wils.
53. tambis - Syzygium malaccense; Malay Apple; Tersana Rose Apple
54. tisâ
55. Tree fern - Cyathea spp. spp.
56. watermelon
    Watermelon
    Watermelon is a vine-like flowering plant originally from southern Africa. Its fruit, which is also called watermelon, is a special kind referred to by botanists as a pepo, a berry which has a thick rind and fleshy center...
    
     - Curcubita citrullus Linn.; also Citrullus vulgaris Schrad.; pakwan (INTRODUCED)

Vegetables

1. ahos - Garlic
   Garlic
   Allium sativum, commonly known as garlic, is a species in the onion genus, Allium. Its close relatives include the onion, shallot, leek, chive, and rakkyo. Dating back over 6,000 years, garlic is native to central Asia, and has long been a staple in the Mediterranean region, as well as a frequent...
   
   ; Allium sativum; bawang
2. Alugbati - Malabar nightshade; Basella
   Basella
   The genus Basella, in the plant family Basellaceae, comprises five species. Three species are endemic to Madagascar, and one to eastern Africa.-Species:*Basella alba*Basella excavata Scott-Elliot*Basella leandriana H.Perrier...
   
    rubra Linn.
3. batong - string beans; Bataw; Dolichos labiab Linn.
4. carrot
   Carrot
   The carrot is a root vegetable, usually orange in colour, though purple, red, white, and yellow varieties exist. It has a crisp texture when fresh...
   
    - karot; Daucus carota L.
5. kabasâ - kalabasâ; squash
   Squash (fruit)
   Squashes generally refer to four species of the genus Cucurbita, also called marrows depending on variety or the nationality of the speaker...
   
   ; Cucurbita
   Cucurbita
   Cucurbita is a genus in the gourd family Cucurbitaceae first cultivated in Mesoamerica and now used in many parts of the world. It includes species grown for their fruit and edible seeds , as well as some species grown only as gourds...
   
    maxima Duchesne; Curcubita sulcata Blanco
6. kamatis - Tomato
   Tomato
   The word "tomato" may refer to the plant or the edible, typically red, fruit which it bears. Originating in South America, the tomato was spread around the world following the Spanish colonization of the Americas, and its many varieties are now widely grown, often in greenhouses in cooler...
   
   ; Solanum lycopersicum or Lycopersicum esculentum
7. kamunggay – malunggay; Moringa oleifera
   Moringa oleifera
   Moringa oleifera, the word Moringa probably came from dravidian language Tamil and commonly referred to as "Shojne" in Bengali, "Munagakaya" in Telugu,"Shenano" in Rajasthani,...
   
   
8. katuray - Sesbania grandiflora
   Sesbania grandiflora
   Sesbania grandiflora or hummingbird tree/scarlet wisteria is a small tree in the genus Sesbania.-Description:...
   
   , a white flower used in salads
9. kinstsay - Apium graveolens, Chinese celery
10. kolis - Pisonia alba, lettuce tree, also called maluko in Tagalog
11. kulitis - Amaranthus viridis
    Amaranthus viridis
    Amaranthus viridis is a cosmopolitan species in the botanical family Amaranthaceae and is commonly known as Slender Amaranth or Green Amaranth.-Gastronomy:...
    
    , slender amaranth
12. kundol - Benicasa hispida; wax gourd
13. kutsay - Allium odorum; Chinese chives
14. Lagundî; Vitex
    Vitex
    Vitex is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae Martynov, nom. cons. . It has about 250 species. Its type species is Vitex agnus-castus. There is no universal English name, though "chastetree" is common for many species...
    
     negundo
15. laurel - Antidesma bunius
    Antidesma bunius
    Antidesma bunius is a species of fruit tree in the Phyllanthaceae. It is native to Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and northern Australia. Its common Philippine name and other names include bignay, bugnay or bignai and currant tree. This is a variable plant which may be short and shrubby or tall...
    
    ; Chinese laurel
16. luy-a - ginger
    Ginger
    Ginger is the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale, consumed as a delicacy, medicine, or spice. It lends its name to its genus and family . Other notable members of this plant family are turmeric, cardamom, and galangal....
    
    ; Zingiber officinale; luya
17. munggos - munggo; Phaseolus aureus; green mung bean
18. mustasa - Brassica juncea v. integrifola; mustard greens
19. okra
    Okra
    Okra is a flowering plant in the mallow family. It is valued for its edible green seed pods. The geographical origin of okra is disputed, with supporters of South Asian, Ethiopian and West African origins...
    
     - Abelmoschus escuclentus Linn.; also Hibiscus esculentis Linn.
20. pandan -Pandanus odoratissimus
    Pandanus fascicularis
    Screw Pine is a species of Pandanus native to southern Asia, from southern India east to Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands south of Japan, and south to Indonesia.-Uses:...
    
    ; screw pine
21. paliyá or palijá - Bitter melon
    Bitter melon
    Momordica charantia, called bitter melon or bitter gourd in English, is a tropical and subtropical vine of the family Cucurbitaceae, widely grown in Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean for its edible fruit, which is among the most bitter of all fruits...
    
    ; Momordica charantia; Ampalaya
22. patola - Luffa cylindrica; sponge gourd
23. patola - Luffa
    Luffa
    The luffa, loofah, or lufah are tropical and subtropical vines comprising the genus Luffa, the only genus of the subtribe Luffinae of the plant family Cucurbitaceae...
    
     acutangula; Loofah
24. pechay - Brassica chinensis; pakchoy; bokchoy
25. pipino - cucumber
    Cucumber
    The cucumber is a widely cultivated plant in the gourd family Cucurbitaceae, which includes squash, and in the same genus as the muskmelon. The plant is a creeping vine which bears cylindrical edible fruit when ripe. There are three main varieties of cucumber: "slicing", "pickling", and...
    
    ; Cucumis sativus
26. pipino - Cucumber
    Cucumber
    The cucumber is a widely cultivated plant in the gourd family Cucurbitaceae, which includes squash, and in the same genus as the muskmelon. The plant is a creeping vine which bears cylindrical edible fruit when ripe. There are three main varieties of cucumber: "slicing", "pickling", and...
    
    ; zuchinni; Cucurbita
    Cucurbita
    Cucurbita is a genus in the gourd family Cucurbitaceae first cultivated in Mesoamerica and now used in many parts of the world. It includes species grown for their fruit and edible seeds , as well as some species grown only as gourds...
    
     pepo
27. radish
    Radish
    The radish is an edible root vegetable of the Brassicaceae family that was domesticated in Europe, in pre-Roman times. They are grown and consumed throughout the world. Radishes have numerous varieties, varying in size, color and duration of required cultivation time...
    
    ; Raphanus
    Raphanus
    Raphanus is a genus within the flowering plant family Brassicaceae. Two or three species are currently classified in Raphanus. They include the cultivated radish, Raphanus sativus and the common wild radish or jointed charlock, R. raphanistrum. Some authors accept the podding or rattail radish, R...
    
    
28. repolyo - cabbage; Brassica oleracea
29. saluyot - Corchorus olitorius; Jew's mallow
30. sayote - Sechium edule; chayote; mirliton pear
31. sibuyas bombay - Onion
    Onion
    The onion , also known as the bulb onion, common onion and garden onion, is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium. The genus Allium also contains a number of other species variously referred to as onions and cultivated for food, such as the Japanese bunching onion The onion...
    
    ; Allium cepa
32. sibuyas dahon - Allium sativum
33. sili - Capsicum annuum
    Capsicum annuum
    Capsicum annuum is a domesticated species of the plant genus Capsicum native to southern North America and northern South America. The three species C. annuum, C. frutescens and C. chinense all evolved from a single common ancestor located somewhere in the northwest Brazil - Colombia area...
    
    ; chili
34. sili'ng kulikot - Capsicum frutescens
    Capsicum frutescens
    Capsicum frutescens is a species of chili pepper that includes the following cultivar and varieties:*Piri piri, also called African Bird's Eye or African devil* Kambuzi pepper, Malawian pepper*Malagueta pepper*Tabasco pepper, used to make Tabasco sauce...
    
    ; siling labuyo; Cayenne
35. sili- pepper
    Capsicum
    Capsicum is a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family, Solanaceae. Its species are native to the Americas where they have been cultivated for thousands of years, but they are now also cultivated worldwide, used as spices, vegetables, and medicines - and have become are a key element in...
    
    ; Solanum
    Solanum
    Solanum, the nightshades, horsenettles and relatives, is a large and diverse genus of annual and perennial plants. They grow as forbs, vines, subshrubs, shrubs, and small trees, and often have attractive fruit and flowers. Many formerly independent genera like Lycopersicon or Cyphomandra are...
    
     capsicum (Solanaceae
    Solanaceae
    Solanaceae are a family of flowering plants that include a number of important agricultural crops as well as many toxic plants. The name of the family comes from the Latin Solanum "the nightshade plant", but the further etymology of that word is unclear...
    
    )
36. singkamas - Pachyrhizus erosus; yambean
37. tangkong or kangkong; Ipomoea aquatica
    Ipomoea aquatica
    Ipomoea aquatica is a semi-aquatic tropical plant grown as a leaf vegetable. It is known in English as Water Spinach, Water Morning Glory, Water Convolvulus, or by the more ambiguous names "Chinese spinach" and "swamp cabbage". It has many other names in other languages, such as "Phak bung" in Thai...
    
    ; swamp cabbage, potato vine
38. tawong or talong; eggplant - Solanum melongena
39. Ocimum sanctum - holy basil
40. upo
    Calabash
    Lagenaria siceraria , bottle gourd, opo squash or long melon is a vine grown for its fruit, which can either be harvested young and used as a vegetable, or harvested mature, dried, and used as a bottle, utensil, or pipe. For this reason, the calabash is widely known as the bottle gourd...
    
     - Lagenaria leucantha; bottle gourd
41. Corindrium sativum - coriander leaf

Flowering plants

1. adelfa - Oleander
   Oleander
   Nerium oleander is an evergreen shrub or small tree in the dogbane family Apocynaceae, toxic in all its parts. It is the only species currently classified in the genus Nerium. It is most commonly known as oleander, from its superficial resemblance to the unrelated olive Olea, but has many other...
   
   ; South sea rose; Nerium indicum Mill.; Neroum oleander Blanco; Nerium odorum Soland.
2. alas kuwatro
3. antuwanga - Gumamela; Hibiscus
   Hibiscus
   Hibiscus is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae. It is quite large, containing several hundred species that are native to warm-temperate, subtropical and tropical regions throughout the world...
   
   ; China Rose; Shoeflower; Hibiscus rosa sinensis
4. Asparagus (genus)
   Asparagus (genus)
   Asparagus is a genus in the plant family Asparagaceae, subfamily Asparagoideae. It comprises up to 300 species. Most are evergreen long-lived perennial plants growing from the understory as lianas, bushes or climbing plants. The best-known species is the edible Asparagus officinalis, commonly...
   
    - Green fern, for bouquets; Asparagus plumosus
5. Aster
6. bahug-bahug - Vernonia
   Vernonia
   Vernonia is a genus of about 1000 species of forbs and shrubs in the family Asteraceae. Some species are known as Ironweed. Some species are edible and of economic value. They are known for having intense purple flowers. The genus is named for English botanist William Vernon. There are numerous...
   
    cinerea; bulak-manok; Billy Goat Weed
7. banaba - Lagerstroemia speciosa
   Lagerstroemia speciosa
   thumb|left|Bark in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].Lagerstroemia speciosa thumb|left|Bark in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].Lagerstroemia speciosa thumb|left|Bark in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].Lagerstroemia speciosa (Giant Crape-myrtle, Queen's Crape-myrtle, Banabá...
   
   
8. bangka-bangkaan - Rhoeo
   Rhoeo
   In Greek mythology, Rhoeo was a daughter of Staphylus and Chrysothemis, sister to Parthenos and Molpadia or Hemithea. Parthenius relates that she once experienced a great jealosy of her sister Hemithea when Staphylus arranged for the latter to spend a night with Lyrcus, his guest, whom both...
   
    discolor
9. Bird of Paradise (plant) - Strelitzia reginae
   Strelitzia reginae
   Strelitzia reginae is a monocotyledonous flowering plant indigenous to South Africa. Common names include Strelitzia, Crane Flower or Bird of Paradise, though these names are also collectively applied to other species in the genus Strelitzia...
   
   
10. bombil - bougainvillea
    Bougainvillea
    Bougainvillea is a genus of flowering plants native to South America from Brazil west to Peru and south to southern Argentina . Different authors accept between four and 18 species in the genus...
    
    ; Bougainvillea
    Bougainvillea
    Bougainvillea is a genus of flowering plants native to South America from Brazil west to Peru and south to southern Argentina . Different authors accept between four and 18 species in the genus...
    
    
11. Bromeliad
12. bunga - Areca nut; Areca catechu
    Areca catechu
    Areca catechu is the areca palm or areca nut palm, , a species of palm which grows in much of the tropical Pacific, Asia, and parts of east Africa. The palm is believed to have originated in either Malaysia or the Philippines...
    
    ; Areca alba (lubi lubi)
13. caballero - peacock flower; Caesalpinia pulcherrima
    Caesalpinia pulcherrima
    Caesalpinia pulcherrima is a species of flowering plant in the pea family, Fabaceae, that is native to the tropics and subtropics of the Americas. Its exact origin is unknown due to widespread cultivation...
    
     Linn.; bulaklak ng paraiso
14. Comfrey
    Comfrey
    Comfrey is an important herb in organic gardening. It is used as a fertilizer and also has many purported medicinal uses...
    
     – Symphytum officinale L (tambal sa nuka)
15. cosmos - Cosmos (genus)
16. cosmos (bahô) - Tagetes erecta
    Tagetes erecta
    Tagetes erecta, the Mexican marigold, also called Aztec marigold, is a species of the genus Tagetes native to Mexico and Central America. Despite its being native to the Americas, it is often called African marigold. In Mexico, this plant is found in the wild in the states of San Luis Potosí,...
    
    
17. Chrysanthemum
    Chrysanthemum
    Chrysanthemums, often called mums or chrysanths, are of the genus constituting approximately 30 species of perennial flowering plants in the family Asteraceae which is native to Asia and northeastern Europe.-Etymology:...
    
     - Chrysanthemum
    Chrysanthemum
    Chrysanthemums, often called mums or chrysanths, are of the genus constituting approximately 30 species of perennial flowering plants in the family Asteraceae which is native to Asia and northeastern Europe.-Etymology:...
    
     sinense; manzanilla
18. Daisy
19. Dancing lady
    Dancing Lady
    Dancing Lady is a 1933 musical film starring Joan Crawford and Clark Gable, and featuring Franchot Tone, the fourth of eight collaborations between Crawford and Gable. It was directed by Robert Z. Leonard, produced by John W. Considine Jr. and David O. Selznick, and was based on the novel of the...
    
    
20. Dandelion- Taraxacum
    Taraxacum
    Taraxacum is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. They are native to Eurasia and North America, and two species, T. officinale and T. erythrospermum, are found as weeds worldwide. Both species are edible in their entirety...
    
     officinale Weber; Leontodon taraxacum Linn.; Taraxacum dens-leonis Desf.
21. Dendrobium
    Dendrobium
    Dendrobium is a huge genus of orchids. It was established by Olof Swartz in 1799 and today contains about 1,200 species. The genus occurs in diverse habitats throughout much of south, east and southeast Asia, including the Philippines, Borneo, Australia, New Guinea, Solomon Islands and New Zealand...
    
    
22. duranta - "Duranta
    Duranta
    Duranta is a genus of flowering plants in the verbena family, Verbenaceae. It contains 17 species of shrubs and small trees that are native from southern Florida to Mexico and South America...
    
     repens Linn."; golden duranta
23. Ginseng
    Ginseng
    Ginseng is any one of eleven species of slow-growing perennial plants with fleshy roots, belonging to the genus Panax of the family Araliaceae....
    
    
24. Ground orchids
25. ilang ilang - also known as Ylang-ylang
    Ylang-ylang
    Cananga odorata, commonly called Ylang-ylang , cananga tree, ilang-ilang, kenanga , fragrant cananga, Macassar-oil plant or perfume tree),is a tree valued for its perfume...
    
    ; Cananga odorata
26. Japanese rose - Rosa rugosa
27. kalachuchi - frangipani; Plumeria
    Plumeria
    Plumeria is a genus of flowering plants of the family that includes Dogbane: the Apocynaceae. It contains 7-8 species of mainly deciduous shrubs and small trees...
    
    ; Plumiera rubra
28. kataká-taká - Kalanchoe pinnata
    Kalanchoe pinnata
    Kalanchoe pinnata is a succulent plant native to Madagascar...
    
     (synonym: Bryophyllum pinnatum)
29. kalanchoe - Kalanchoe
    Kalanchoe
    Kalanchoe , also written Kalanchöe or Kalanchoë, is a genus of about 125 species of tropical, succulent flowering plants in the Family Crassulaceae, mainly native to the Old World but with a few species now growing wild in the New World following introduction of the species.Most are shrubs or...
    
     sp.
30. kamantigi - mantigi; Touch me not
    Impatiens
    Impatiens is a genus of about 850–1,000 species of flowering plants, widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere and tropics. Together with the puzzling Hydrocera triflora, this genus makes up the family Balsaminaceae...
    
    ; Impatiens balsamina
    Impatiens balsamina
    Impatiens balsamina is a species of Impatiens native to southern Asia in India and Myanmar.It is called kamantigue in the Philippines. This species of Kalamantigue are used in teas...
    
    
31. kutsaritas - Althernanthera sp.; (Amaranthaceae)
32. kulitis - Amaranthus spinosus; uray
33. kumintang - also tsitsirika; rosy periwinkle
    Catharanthus roseus
    Catharanthus roseus is a species of Catharanthus native and endemic to Madagascar. Synonyms include Vinca rosea , Ammocallis rosea, and Lochnera rosea; other English names occasionally used include Cape Periwinkle, Rose Periwinkle, Rosy Periwinkle, and "Old-maid".In the wild, it is an endangered...
    
    ; Catharanthus roseus
    Catharanthus roseus
    Catharanthus roseus is a species of Catharanthus native and endemic to Madagascar. Synonyms include Vinca rosea , Ammocallis rosea, and Lochnera rosea; other English names occasionally used include Cape Periwinkle, Rose Periwinkle, Rosy Periwinkle, and "Old-maid".In the wild, it is an endangered...
    
    
34. lirio
    Lirio
    Lirio is a comune in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 50 km south of Milan and about 20 km southeast of Pavia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 153 and an area of 1.7 km²....
    
     - Crinum
    Crinum
    Crinum is a genus of about 180 species of perennial plants that have large showy flowers on leafless stems, and develop from bulbs. They are found along the sides of streams and lakes in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide, including South Africa....
    
     latifolim Linn.
35. Maiden’s hair plant - Chlorodesmis sp.
36. Marigold
    Calendula officinalis
    Calendula officinalis is a plant in the genus Calendula , in the family Asteraceae. It is probably native to southern Europe though its long history of cultivation makes its precise origin unknown, and may possibly be of garden origin...
    
     - Calendula
    Calendula
    Calendula , pot marigold, is a genus of about 12–20 species of annual or perennial herbaceous plants in the daisy family Asteraceae, native to the area from Macaronesia east through the Mediterranean region to Iran...
    
    
37. mayana or majana – Coleus
    Coleus
    Solenostemon is a genus of perennial plants, native to tropical Africa, Asia, Australia, the East Indies, the Malay Archipelago, and the Philippines...
    
     sp.; Coleus blumei
38. Million flower
39. pamintâ - Piper nigrum; black pepper
40. pandong pandong - Celosia
    Celosia
    Celosia is a small genus of edible and ornamental plants in the amaranth family, Amaranthaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek word κηλος , meaning "burned," and refers to the flame-like flower heads. Species are commonly known as woolflowers, or, if the flower heads are crested by...
    
     cristata Linn.; cock's comb
41. Paragayo - san francisco
42. Poinsettia
    Poinsettia
    Euphorbia pulcherrima, commonly known as Zack Wood or noche buena, is a species of flowering plant indigenous to Mexico and Central America. The name "poinsettia" is after Joel Roberts Poinsett, the first United States Minister to Mexico, who introduced the plant into the US in 1825...
    
     - Euphorbia pulcherrima
43. quiapo - kiapo; water cabbage; Pistia
    Pistia
    Pistia is a genus of aquatic plant in the arum family, Araceae. The single species it comprises, Pistia stratiotes, is often called water cabbage, water lettuce, or Nile cabbage. Its native distribution is uncertain, but probably pantropical; it was first described from the Nile near Lake Victoria...
    
     stratiotes
44. rosál - Gardenia
    Gardenia
    Gardenia is a genus of 142 species of flowering plants in the coffee family, Rubiaceae, native to the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, southern Asia, Australasia and Oceania....
    
     jasminioides; Gardenia
45. rose - Rose
    Rose
    A rose is a woody perennial of the genus Rosa, within the family Rosaceae. There are over 100 species. They form a group of erect shrubs, and climbing or trailing plants, with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles. Flowers are large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows...
    
    ; Genus: Rosa
46. sabila – Aloe vera
    Aloe vera
    Aloe vera, pronounced , also known as the true aloe or medicinal aloe, is a species of succulent plant in the genus Aloe that is believed to have originated in the Sudan. Aloe vera grows in arid climates and is widely distributed in Africa, India, Nepal and other arid areas.The species is...
    
    
47. sagisi - Anahaw
48. sagusahis – used as sandpaper for desks
49. sampaguita - Jasmine
    Jasmine
    Jasminum , commonly known as jasmines, is a genus of shrubs and vines in the olive family . It contains around 200 species native to tropical and warm temperate regions of the Old World...
    
    ; Jasminum sambac
    Jasminum sambac
    Jasminum sambac is a species of jasmine native to South and Southeast Asia. It is a small shrub or vine growing up to in height. It is widely cultivated for its attractive and sweetly fragrant flowers. The flowers are also used for perfumes and for making tea. It is known as the Arabian jasmine in...
    
     Linn.
50. santal ?
51. santan – Ixora
    Ixora
    Ixora is a genus of flowering plants in the Rubiaceae family. It consists of tropical evergreen trees and shrubs and holds around 500 species. Though native to the tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world, its centre of diversity is in Tropical Asia. Ixora also grows commonly in...
    
     sp.
52. sunflower
    Sunflower
    Sunflower is an annual plant native to the Americas. It possesses a large inflorescence . The sunflower got its name from its huge, fiery blooms, whose shape and image is often used to depict the sun. The sunflower has a rough, hairy stem, broad, coarsely toothed, rough leaves and circular heads...
    
     - Helianthus
    Helianthus
    Helianthus L. is a genus of plants comprising 52 species in the Asteraceae family, all of which are native to North America, with some species Helianthus L. is a genus of plants comprising 52 species in the Asteraceae family, all of which are native to North America, with some species Helianthus...
    
     annuus
53. tsampaka - Michelia
    Michelia
    Michelia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the Magnolia family . The genus includes about 50 species of evergreen trees and shrubs, native to tropical and subtropical south and southeast Asia , including southern China.-Description:The Magnoliaceae are an ancient family; fossil plants...
    
     champaca
54. Verbena
    Verbena
    Verbena , verbenas or vervains, is a genus in the family Verbenaceae. It contains about 250 species of annual and perennial herbaceous or semi-woody flowering plants. The majority of the species are native to the New World from Canada south to southern Chile, but some are also native in the Old...
    
     - Verbena officinalis
    Verbena officinalis
    Verbena officinalis, the Common Vervain or Common Verbena, is a perennial herb native to Europe. It grows up to a metre/yard high, with an upright habitus...
    
    
55. violeta - bayolota; violets; Viola odorata L.
56. waling-waling- Vanda
57. yellow bell - kampanilya; Allamanda cathartica
    Allamanda cathartica
    Allamanda cathartica is an ornamental plant of Allamanda genus in the Apocynaceae family, which is native from Brazil. This plant is cited in Flora Brasiliensis by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius....
    
    

Bohol endemic species

1. Arygyreia boholensis (Convolvulaceae
   Convolvulaceae
   Convolvulaceae, known commonly as the bindweed or morning glory family, are a group of about 60 genera and more than 1,650 species of mostly herbaceous vines, but also trees, shrubs and herbs.- Description :...
   
   )
2. Blumea
   Blumea
   Blumea is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the Asteraceae family.-Characteristics:Genus Blumea is found in the tropical and sub-tropical zones of Asia, especially the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. A few species are found in Australia and still fewer in Africa.The plants of this...
   
    stenophylla (Labiatae)
3. Dendrocalamus
   Dendrocalamus
   Dendrocalamus is a tropical genus of giant clumping bamboo, which are similar to the genus Bambusa. With about 29 species, this genus is found from the Indian subcontinent throughout Southeast Asia...
   
    sp.- large bamboo
   Bamboo
   Bamboo is a group of perennial evergreens in the true grass family Poaceae, subfamily Bambusoideae, tribe Bambuseae. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family....
   
   s; kawayan
4. Dischidias (Asclepiadaceae
   Asclepiadaceae
   According to APG II, the Asclepiadaceae is a former plant family now treated as a subfamily in the Apocynaceae...
   
   )
5. Hoya
   Hoya
   Hoya is a genus of 200-300 species of tropical plants in the family Apocynaceae , fomerly considered to be in the Asclepiadaceae...
   
   s
6. Imperata cylindrica
7. Ixora
   Ixora
   Ixora is a genus of flowering plants in the Rubiaceae family. It consists of tropical evergreen trees and shrubs and holds around 500 species. Though native to the tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world, its centre of diversity is in Tropical Asia. Ixora also grows commonly in...
   
    littoralis (Rubiaceae
   Rubiaceae
   The Rubiaceae is a family of flowering plants, variously called the coffee family, madder family, or bedstraw family. The group contains many commonly known plants, including the economically important coffee , quinine , and gambier , and the horticulturally valuable madder , west indian jasmine ,...
   
   )
8. Macrosolena mcgregorii (Loranthaceae
   Loranthaceae
   Loranthaceae is a family of flowering plants, which has been universally recognized by taxonomists. It consists of about 75 genera and 1,000 species of woody plants, many of them hemi-parasites, all of them except three having the mistletoe habit...
   
   )
9. Saccharum spontaneum
10. Several Compositae
11. lukdo - fern
    Fern
    A fern is any one of a group of about 12,000 species of plants belonging to the botanical group known as Pteridophyta. Unlike mosses, they have xylem and phloem . They have stems, leaves, and roots like other vascular plants...
    
    s

Source:

Grasses/Herbs/Weeds

1. abacá - Musa textilis; Manila Hemp
2. acapulco - Cassia alata
3. amor seco - Love grass; Andropogon
   Andropogon
   Andropogon is a genus of grasses. Andropogon gerardii, big bluestem, is the official state grass of Illinois.Broomsedge is found along the eastern United States...
   
    aciculatus
4. Bahô-bahô- Utot-utot; koronitas; kantutay; Lantana
   Lantana
   Lantana is a genus of about 150 species of perennial flowering plants in the verbena family, Verbenaceae. They are native to tropical regions of the Americas and Africa but exist as an introduced species in numerous areas, especially in the Australian-Pacific region. The genus includes both...
   
    camara
5. bilâ bilâ - Eleusine indica
   Eleusine indica
   Eleusine indica is an invasive species in the grass family Poaceae. It is a small annual weed distributed throughout the warmer areas of the world to about 50 degrees latitude...
   
    L.; dog's tail; wire grass
6. bugáng - talahib; Saccharum spontaneum
7. butones butones - Cyperus
   Cyperus
   Cyperus is a large genus of about 600 species of sedges, distributed throughout all continents in both tropical and temperate regions. They are annual or perennial plants, mostly aquatic and growing in still or slow-moving water up to 0.5 m deep. The species vary greatly in size, with small species...
   
    rotundus
8. cogon - kogon; Imperata cylindrica
9. Euphorbia hirta
   Euphorbia hirta
   Euphorbia hirta, also called asthma weed, and known as tawa-tawa in the Philippines, is a plant of the genus Euphorbia.-Uses:It is used traditionally in the Philippines as a curative for dengue fever...
   
    Linn.
10. fern 1 - Athyrium esculentum; pako
11. fern 2 - bird's nest fern; Asplenium nidus Linn.
12. fern 3 - Drynaria quercifolia Linn.
13. Gulasiman - Portulaca
    Portulaca
    Portulaca is the type genus of the flowering plant family Portulacaceae, comprising about 40-100 species found in the tropics and warm temperate regions. They are also sometimes known as Rose Moss or more commonly Moss Roses....
    
     olearacea (Linn.); Purslane
    Portulacaceae
    Portulacaceae are a family of flowering plants, comprising about 20 genera with about 500 species, ranging from herbaceous plants to shrubs. The family has been recognised by most taxonomists, and is also known as the purslane family; it has a cosmopolitan distribution, with the highest diversity...
    
    
14. Hibî-hibî – makahiya; Mimosa pudica
    Mimosa pudica
    Mimosa pudica , is a creeping annual or perennial herb often grown for its curiosity value: the compound leaves fold inward and droop when touched or shaken, re-opening minutes later...
    
    
15. humay - rice
    Rice
    Rice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa or Oryza glaberrima . As a cereal grain, it is the most important staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East, and the West Indies...
    
    ; Oryza sativa; palay
16. Kana (Bis.) - Cardiospermum
    Cardiospermum
    Cardiospermum is a genus of approximately 14 species in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae, which are native to the American, Indian, and African tropics...
    
     halicacabum; Heart Pea; Balloon Vine
17. Kanding-kanding - Stachytarpheta
    Stachytarpheta
    Stachytarpheta is a plant genus in the verbena family . The flowers are rich in nectar and popular with many butterflies, such as the South Asian Crimson Rose , Malabar Banded Swallowtail , and Grass Yellow .-Selected species:* Stachytarpheta cayennensis* Stachytarpheta indica*...
    
     jamaicensis
18. maís - corn
    Maize
    Maize known in many English-speaking countries as corn or mielie/mealie, is a grain domesticated by indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica in prehistoric times. The leafy stalk produces ears which contain seeds called kernels. Though technically a grain, maize kernels are used in cooking as a vegetable...
    
    
19. Oregano - Origanum vulgare; Wild Marjoram, Mountain Mint, Origanum, Wintersweet and Winter Marjoram
20. oregano - Coleus aromaticus Benth.
21. peppermint
    Peppermint
    Peppermint is a hybrid mint, a cross between the watermint and spearmint . The plant, indigenous to Europe, is now widespread in cultivation throughout all regions of the world...
    
     - Clinopodium douglasii
22. Quisqualis indica
    Quisqualis indica
    Quisqualis indica also known as the Chinese honeysuckle, Rangoon Creeper, and Combretum indicum is a vine with red flower clusters and is found in Asia. It is found in many other parts of the world either as a cultivated ornamental or run wild...
    
     - Chinese honeysuckle; "niyog-niyogan"
23. sábila - Aloe Vera
    Aloe vera
    Aloe vera, pronounced , also known as the true aloe or medicinal aloe, is a species of succulent plant in the genus Aloe that is believed to have originated in the Sudan. Aloe vera grows in arid climates and is widely distributed in Africa, India, Nepal and other arid areas.The species is...
    
    ; Aloe barbadensis Miller Liquid
24. Sambong- Blumea
    Blumea
    Blumea is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the Asteraceae family.-Characteristics:Genus Blumea is found in the tropical and sub-tropical zones of Asia, especially the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. A few species are found in Australia and still fewer in Africa.The plants of this...
    
     camphora ; Blumea balsamifera L.
25. sinaw sinaw or sida sida - Ulasimang Bato; Peperomia pellucida
    Peperomia pellucida
    Peperomia pellucida is an annual, shallow-rooted herb, usually growing to a height of about 15 to 45 cm. it is characterized by succulent stems, shiny, heart-shaped, fleshy leaves and tiny, dot-like seeds attached to several fruiting spikes. It has a mustard-like odor when crushed. The family...
    
    ; pansit-pansitan
26. tangad or tanglad - lemon grass; Cymbopogon citratus
    Cymbopogon citratus
    Cymbopogon citratus, commonly known as lemon grass or oil grass, is a tropical plant from Southeast Asia.-Culinary uses:Cymbopogon citratus is abundant in the Philippines where it's known as tanglad...
    
    ; Cymbopogon
    Cymbopogon
    Cymbopogon is a genus of about 55 species of grasses, native to warm temperate and tropical regions of the Old World and Oceania. It is a tall perennial grass...
    
     spp.
27. tawá tawá - Euphorbia hirta; boto-botonis; gatas-gatas
28. tubó - sugar cane; Saccharum
29. Tubá-tubá - Jatropha
    Jatropha
    Jatropha is a genus of approximately 175 succulent plants, shrubs and trees , from the family Euphorbiaceae. The name is derived from the Greek words ἰατρός , meaning "physician," and τροφή , meaning "nutrition," hence the common name physic nut. Mature plants produce separate male and female...
    
     curcas; also known as Tubang Bakod in Tagalog; Physic Nut in English or interchangeably tubá-tubá or Jatropha (Tuba-Tuba Plant Seeds (Jatropha) to Bio-diesel Fuel)
30. Wild Tea - Ehretia
    Ehretia
    Ehretia is a genus of flowering plants in the borage family, Boraginaceae. It contains about 50 species. The generic name honors German botanical illustrator Georg Dionysius Ehret .-Selected species:*Ehretia acuminata R.Br...
    
     microphylla Lam; Tsaang Gubat
31. Yerba Buena
    Yerba Buena
    Yerba buena is a rambling aromatic herb of western and northwestern North America, ranging from maritime Alaska southwards to Baja California Sur...
    
     - Mentha spicata

Root crops

1. apale
2. balanghoy - Cassava
   Cassava
   Cassava , also called yuca or manioc, a woody shrub of the Euphorbiaceae native to South America, is extensively cultivated as an annual crop in tropical and subtropical regions for its edible starchy tuberous root, a major source of carbohydrates...
   
   ; Manihot esculenta Crantz; kamoteng kahoy
3. camote - Sweet potatoes; Ipomoea batatas
4. gabi - taro; Colocasia
   Colocasia
   Colocasia is a genus of 25 or more species of flowering plants in the family Araceae, native to tropical Polynesia and southeastern Asia. Common names include Elephant-ear, Taro, Cocoyam, Dasheen,Chembu, and Eddoe...
   
    esculenta Linn.
5. patatas - potato
   Potato
   The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial Solanum tuberosum of the Solanaceae family . The word potato may refer to the plant itself as well as the edible tuber. In the region of the Andes, there are some other closely related cultivated potato species...
   
   es; Solanum tuberosum
6. singkamas - Pachyrrhizus erosus Linn.
7. Ube kinampay - purple yam; Dioscorea alata
8. Ube- yam
   Yam (vegetable)
   Yam is the common name for some species in the genus Dioscorea . These are perennial herbaceous vines cultivated for the consumption of their starchy tubers in Africa, Asia, Latin America and Oceania...
   
   ; Dioscorea alata
9. other cash crops

Seaweeds

1. Acetabularia
   Acetabularia
   Acetabularia is a genus of green algae, specifically of the Polyphysaceae family, Typically found in subtropical waters, Acetabularia is a single-celled organism, but gigantic in size and complex in form, making it an excellent model organism for studying cell biology...
   
   
2. ambáng
3. Chlorella
   Chlorella
   Chlorella is a genus of single-celled green algae, belonging to the phylum Chlorophyta. It is spherical in shape, about 2 to 10 μm in diameter, and is without flagella. Chlorella contains the green photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll-a and -b in its chloroplast...
   
   
4. Codium
   Codium
   Codium is a genus of seaweed in the Chlorophyta of the Order Bryopsidales. There are about 50 species worldwide. -Description:The genus has thalli of two forms, either erect or prostrate. The erect plants are dichotomously branched to 40 cm long with branches forming a compact spongy...
   
    fragile
5. eelgrasses - seagrasses; thalasia
6. guaman - Gracilaria
   Gracilaria
   Gracilaria is a genus of red algae notable for its economic importance as an agarophyte, as well as its use as a food for humans and various species of shellfish...
   
    compressa
7. gusô - Eucheuma
   Eucheuma
   Eucheuma is a general term used to describe a group of red seaweeds/seaplants representing the Tribe Eucheumatoideae, used in the production of Carrageenan, an important product used in cosmetics, food processing and industrial uses, as well as a food source for those living in Indonesia and the...
   
    spinosum
8. kelp
   Kelp
   Kelps are large seaweeds belonging to the brown algae in the order Laminariales. There are about 30 different genera....
   
    - Macrocystis
   Macrocystis
   Macrocystis is a genus of kelp . This genus contains the largest of all the phaeophyceae or brown algae. Macrocystis has pneumatocysts at the base of its blades. Sporophytes are perennial, and individual stipes may persist for many years...
   
   
9. Laminaria
   Laminaria
   Laminaria is a genus of 31 species of brown algae , all sharing the common name "kelp". This economically important genus is characterized by long, leathery laminae and relatively large size. Some species are referred to by the common name Devil's apron, due to their shape, or sea colander, due to...
   
   
10. latô – Caulerpa
    Caulerpa
    Caulerpa is a genus of seaweeds in the family Caulerpaceae . They are unusual because they consist of only one cell with many nuclei, making them among the biggest single cells in the world...
    
     racemosa
11. Laurencia
12. lukót
13. Porphyra
    Porphyra
    Porphyra is a foliose red algal genus of laver, comprising approximately 70 species. It grows in the intertidal zone, typically between the upper intertidal zone and the splash zone in cold waters of temperate oceans. In East Asia, it is used to produce the sea vegetable products nori and gim ,...
    
    
14. Samô – Sargassum
    Sargassum
    Sargassum is a genus of brown macroalga in the order Fucales. Numerous species are distributed throughout the temperate and tropical oceans of the world, where they generally inhabit shallow water and coral reefs. However, the genus may be best known for its planktonic species...
    
    
15. Ulothrix
    Ulothrix
    In taxonomy, Ulothrix is a genus of algae, specifically of the Ulotrichaceae.Ulothrix is a genus of filamentous green algae, generally found in fresh and marine water. Its cells are normally as broad as they are long, and they thrive in the low temperatures of spring and winter. They become...
    
    
16. Ulva
    Sea lettuce
    The sea lettuces comprise the genus Ulva, a group of edible green algae that is widely distributed along the coasts of the world's oceans. The type species within the genus Ulva is Ulva lactuca Linnaeus, "lactuca" meaning lettuce...
    
     - sea lettuce

Mammals

1. baka - Philippine cow; Bos taurus
2. Baboy ihás - baboy damó; wild boar; Sus scrofa
3. bóngcaras - sea cow; Dugong dugon
4. Dugong - manatee
   Manatee
   Manatees are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows...
   
   ; Trichechus Linnaeus, 1758
5. kabaw - kalabaw; Carabao
   Carabao
   The carabao or Bubalus bubalis carabanesis is a subspecies of the domesticated water buffalo found in the Philippines, Guam, Indonesia, Malaysia, and various parts of Southeast Asia...
   
   ; Bubalus bubalis carabanesis
6. mawmag, mamag, tarsius - Philippine Tarsier
   Philippine Tarsier
   The Philippine Tarsier , known locally as the Kupal in Cebuano/Visayan and Mamag in Luzon, is an endangered species of tarsier endemic to the Philippines. It is found in the southeastern part of the archipelago, particularly in the islands of Bohol, Samar, Leyte and Mindanao...
   
   ; Tarsius syrichta
7. Kwaknit or kabog - bats
   Bat
   Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera "hand" and pteron "wing") whose forelimbs form webbed wings, making them the only mammals naturally capable of true and sustained flight. By contrast, other mammals said to fly, such as flying squirrels, gliding possums, and colugos, glide rather than fly,...
   
    ; order Chiroptera
8. Kagwang - Philippine Flying Lemur
   Philippine Flying Lemur
   The Philippine Flying Lemur is one of two species of flying lemurs, the only two living species in the order Dermoptera. Additionally, it is the only member of the genus Cynocephalus.-Distribution:...
   
   ; Cynocephalus volans
9. Sigbin – kangaroo
   Kangaroo
   A kangaroo is a marsupial from the family Macropodidae . In common use the term is used to describe the largest species from this family, especially those of the genus Macropus, Red Kangaroo, Antilopine Kangaroo, Eastern Grey Kangaroo and Western Grey Kangaroo. Kangaroos are endemic to the country...
   
    ?
10. unggoy - monkey; macaque; Philippine Long-tailed Macaque
    Philippine Long-tailed Macaque
    The Philippine long-tailed macaque is a subspecies of the crab-eating macaque. It is found in most Philippine forests and woodlands, but especially in the mangrove forests of western central Philippines— particularly in Palawan, the Visayas, and Mindanao. The names M. f. philippinensis or...
    
    ; Macaca fascicularis philippinensis
11. monkey
    Monkey
    A monkey is a primate, either an Old World monkey or a New World monkey. There are about 260 known living species of monkey. Many are arboreal, although there are species that live primarily on the ground, such as baboons. Monkeys are generally considered to be intelligent. Unlike apes, monkeys...
    
    s
12. milô, musang - Common Palm Civet
    Common Palm Civet
    The Asian Palm Civet , also called Toddy Cat, is a small member of the Viverridae family native to South and Southeast Asia...
    
    ; Paradoxurus hermaphroditus

Annelid

1. alimátok - Leech
   Leech
   Leeches are segmented worms that belong to the phylum Annelida and comprise the subclass Hirudinea. Like other oligochaetes such as earthworms, leeches share a clitellum and are hermaphrodites. Nevertheless, they differ from other oligochaetes in significant ways...
   
   ; Hirudo medicinalis
2. earthworm
   Earthworm
   Earthworm is the common name for the largest members of Oligochaeta in the phylum Annelida. In classical systems they were placed in the order Opisthopora, on the basis of the male pores opening posterior to the female pores, even though the internal male segments are anterior to the female...
   
   ; Lumbricus terrestris
   Lumbricus terrestris
   Lumbricus terrestris is a large reddish worm native to Europe, but now also widely distributed elsewhere around the world due to human introductions...
   
   

Arthropods

1. Centipede
   Centipede
   Centipedes are arthropods belonging to the class Chilopoda of the subphylum Myriapoda. They are elongated metameric animals with one pair of legs per body segment. Despite the name, centipedes can have a varying number of legs from under 20 to over 300. Centipedes have an odd number of pairs of...
   
    Class Chilopoda locally known as ulhipan
2. labód- Millipede
   Millipede
   Millipedes are arthropods that have two pairs of legs per segment . Each segment that has two pairs of legs is a result of two single segments fused together as one...
   
    ; Class Diplopoda

Reptiles

1. Python; Python reticulatus; reticulated python
2. iyón or iwón – Philippine Turtle
   Turtle
   Turtles are reptiles of the order Testudines , characterised by a special bony or cartilaginous shell developed from their ribs that acts as a shield...
   
   ; Chelonia
3. ahas – snake
   Snake
   Snakes are elongate, legless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes that can be distinguished from legless lizards by their lack of eyelids and external ears. Like all squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales...
   
   
4. baksan
5. hawo – bayawak; monitor lizard
   Monitor lizard
   Monitor lizards are usually large reptiles, although some can be as small as in length. They have long necks, powerful tails and claws, and well-developed limbs. Most species are terrestrial, but arboreal and semiaquatic monitors are also known...
   
   ; Varanus salvator
6. Tikî or tabilí – house lizard
   Lizard
   Lizards are a widespread group of squamate reptiles, with nearly 3800 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica as well as most oceanic island chains...
   
   ;
7. Tukô – Gecko
   Gecko
   Geckos are lizards belonging to the infraorder Gekkota, found in warm climates throughout the world. They range from 1.6 cm to 60 cm....
   
    gecko
8. tawoto (taloto)
9. ibid
10. buaya
11. baki
12. ambubukad

Birds (Ibon)

1. agul-ol
2. banog
3. Antolihaw - dimodlaw; Oriole
   Oriole
   Orioles are colourful Old World passerine birds in the genus Oriolus, the namesake of the corvoidean family Oriolidae. They are not related to the New World orioles, which are icterids and, belonging to the superfamily Passeroidea songbirds, are quite unrelated to the true orioles.The orioles are...
   
   ; Oriulus chinensis
4. Tamsi - sunbird;
5. Tocmo
6. iling
7. maya
8. Pabo – Turkey
   Turkey (bird)
   A turkey is a large bird in the genus Meleagris. One species, Meleagris gallopavo, commonly known as the Wild Turkey, is native to the forests of North America. The domestic turkey is a descendant of this species...
   
   ; Meleagris gallopavo
9. itik - duck
   Duck
   Duck is the common name for a large number of species in the Anatidae family of birds, which also includes swans and geese. The ducks are divided among several subfamilies in the Anatidae family; they do not represent a monophyletic group but a form taxon, since swans and geese are not considered...
   
   
10. Pato - Duck
    Duck
    Duck is the common name for a large number of species in the Anatidae family of birds, which also includes swans and geese. The ducks are divided among several subfamilies in the Anatidae family; they do not represent a monophyletic group but a form taxon, since swans and geese are not considered...
    
    
11. Gansa - Geese
12. Agila – Philippine eagle
    Philippine Eagle
    The Philippine Eagle , also known as the Monkey-eating Eagle, is an eagle of the family Accipitridae that is endemic to forests in the Philippines. It has brown and white-coloured plumage, and a shaggy crest, and generally measures in length and weighs...
    
    ; Pithecophaga jefferyi
13. Uwák - crow
    Crow
    Crows form the genus Corvus in the family Corvidae. Ranging in size from the relatively small pigeon-size jackdaws to the Common Raven of the Holarctic region and Thick-billed Raven of the highlands of Ethiopia, the 40 or so members of this genus occur on all temperate continents and several...
    
    ; Corone philippina
14. uwák - Philippine crow
    Crow
    Crows form the genus Corvus in the family Corvidae. Ranging in size from the relatively small pigeon-size jackdaws to the Common Raven of the Holarctic region and Thick-billed Raven of the highlands of Ethiopia, the 40 or so members of this genus occur on all temperate continents and several...
    
    ; Corvus
15. salampati or pati - Dove
    Dove
    Pigeons and doves constitute the bird family Columbidae within the order Columbiformes, which include some 300 species of near passerines. In general terms "dove" and "pigeon" are used somewhat interchangeably...
    
    
16. Pigeon
17. Alimokón
18. Kuwagô – Philippine owl
    Owl
    Owls are a group of birds that belong to the order Strigiformes, constituting 200 bird of prey species. Most are solitary and nocturnal, with some exceptions . Owls hunt mostly small mammals, insects, and other birds, although a few species specialize in hunting fish...
    
    ; Bubo bubo
19. Manok bisaya - native chicken; Gallus gallus domesticus
20. sunóy - rooster
21. Manok ugís
22. Philippine Serpent Eagle Spilornis holospilus
23. Brahminy Kite
    Brahminy Kite
    The Brahminy Kite , also known as the Red-backed Sea-eagle, is a medium-sized bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes many other diurnal raptors such as eagles, buzzards and harriers. They are found in the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia and Australia...
    
    
24. woodpecker
    Woodpecker
    Woodpeckers are near passerine birds of the order Piciformes. They are one subfamily in the family Picidae, which also includes the piculets and wrynecks. They are found worldwide and include about 180 species....
    
    
25. rocky-tailed blue-headed parrot
    Parrot
    Parrots, also known as psittacines , are birds of the roughly 372 species in 86 genera that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions. The order is subdivided into three families: the Psittacidae , the Cacatuidae and the Strigopidae...
    
    
26. grass owl
    Owl
    Owls are a group of birds that belong to the order Strigiformes, constituting 200 bird of prey species. Most are solitary and nocturnal, with some exceptions . Owls hunt mostly small mammals, insects, and other birds, although a few species specialize in hunting fish...
    
    
27. scoop owl
    Owl
    Owls are a group of birds that belong to the order Strigiformes, constituting 200 bird of prey species. Most are solitary and nocturnal, with some exceptions . Owls hunt mostly small mammals, insects, and other birds, although a few species specialize in hunting fish...
    
    
28. bubock pigeon
29. water cock
30. parakeets
31. reel
    Reel
    A reel is an object around which lengths of another material are wound for storage. Generally a reel has a cylindrical core and walls on the sides to retain the material wound around the core...
    
    

Insects

1. alibangbang - butterfly
   Butterfly
   A butterfly is a mainly day-flying insect of the order Lepidoptera, which includes the butterflies and moths. Like other holometabolous insects, the butterfly's life cycle consists of four parts: egg, larva, pupa and adult. Most species are diurnal. Butterflies have large, often brightly coloured...
   
   
2. lamók – mosquito
   Mosquito
   Mosquitoes are members of a family of nematocerid flies: the Culicidae . The word Mosquito is from the Spanish and Portuguese for little fly...
   
   
3. langaw – flies
   Fließ
   Fließ is a municipality in the Landeck district and is located5 km south of Landeck on the upper course of the Inn River. It has 9 hamlets and was already populated at the roman age; the village itself was founded around the 6th century. After a conflagration in 1933 Fließ was restored more...
   
   
4. uk-ok – cockroach
   Cockroach
   Cockroaches are insects of the order Blattaria or Blattodea, of which about 30 species out of 4,500 total are associated with human habitations...
   
   ; ipis (Tag.)
5. amigas or hulmigas – red ants; langgam(Tag.)
6. sum - black ants (read soom)
7. atitud – small ants
8. anay – white ants
9. aninipot - Fireflies
   Firefly
   Lampyridae is a family of insects in the beetle order Coleoptera. They are winged beetles, and commonly called fireflies or lightning bugs for their conspicuous crepuscular use of bioluminescence to attract mates or prey. Fireflies produce a "cold light", with no infrared or ultraviolet frequencies...
   
   
10. don don or lukton - grasshopper
    Grasshopper
    The grasshopper is an insect of the suborder Caelifera in the order Orthoptera. To distinguish it from bush crickets or katydids, it is sometimes referred to as the short-horned grasshopper...
    
    
11. buyóg or bujog - bees
12. gangis - cricket
    Cricket
    Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11 players on an oval-shaped field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard long pitch. One team bats, trying to score as many runs as possible while the other team bowls and fields, trying to dismiss the batsmen and thus limit the...
    
    
13. beetle
    Beetle
    Coleoptera is an order of insects commonly called beetles. The word "coleoptera" is from the Greek , koleos, "sheath"; and , pteron, "wing", thus "sheathed wing". Coleoptera contains more species than any other order, constituting almost 25% of all known life-forms...
    
    
14. putyukan or putjukan - honey bees

Fish (Isdâ)

1. andohaw
2. bakasí
3. bakáy
4. baksawan
5. banák - family magulidae, mullet
   Mullet (fish)
   The mullets or grey mullets are a family and order of ray-finned fish found worldwide in coastal temperate and tropical waters, and in some species in fresh water. Mullets have served as an important source of food in Mediterranean Europe since Roman times...
   
   
6. bangsi
7. bangús – milkfish
   Milkfish
   The milkfish is the sole living species in the family Chanidae. - Description and biology :...
   
   ; Chanos chanos
8. barilis - Neothunnus macropterus; yellowfin Tuna
   Tuna
   Tuna is a salt water fish from the family Scombridae, mostly in the genus Thunnus. Tuna are fast swimmers, and some species are capable of speeds of . Unlike most fish, which have white flesh, the muscle tissue of tuna ranges from pink to dark red. The red coloration derives from myoglobin, an...
   
   
9. bawô
10. bolinaw - Encrasicholina oligobranchus; Philippine anchovy
    Anchovy
    Anchovies are a family of small, common salt-water forage fish. There are 144 species in 17 genera, found in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. Anchovies are usually classified as an oily fish.-Description:...
    
    
11. botete
12. burot burot
13. dalág - Ophicephalus striatus, Murrel
14. danggit - Siganid
15. hasâ hasâ
16. isdâ sa bató
17. ketong
18. kujóg
19. lapulapu - Family Serranidae
    Serranidae
    Serranidae is a large family of fishes, belonging to the order Perciformes. The family contains about 450 species of serranids in 64 genera, including the sea basses and the groupers...
    
     ; Grouper
    Grouper
    Groupers are fish of any of a number of genera in the subfamily Epinephelinae of the family Serranidae, in the order Perciformes.Not all serranids are called groupers; the family also includes the sea basses. The common name grouper is usually given to fish in one of two large genera: Epinephelus...
    
    
20. malasugí
21. mansi
22. molmol
23. pantat
24. pómpano
25. samín samín
26. sugí
27. sunghan
28. tambasakan
29. tangigue
30. tilapia - Tilapia
    Tilapia
    Tilapia , is the common name for nearly a hundred species of cichlid fish from the tilapiine cichlid tribe. Tilapia inhabit a variety of fresh water habitats, including shallow streams, ponds, rivers and lakes. Historically, they have been of major importance in artisan fishing in Africa and the...
    
    ; Tilapia
    Tilapia
    Tilapia , is the common name for nearly a hundred species of cichlid fish from the tilapiine cichlid tribe. Tilapia inhabit a variety of fresh water habitats, including shallow streams, ponds, rivers and lakes. Historically, they have been of major importance in artisan fishing in Africa and the...
    
     zili
31. tulingan
32. tuna
    Tuna
    Tuna is a salt water fish from the family Scombridae, mostly in the genus Thunnus. Tuna are fast swimmers, and some species are capable of speeds of . Unlike most fish, which have white flesh, the muscle tissue of tuna ranges from pink to dark red. The red coloration derives from myoglobin, an...
    
    
33. blue marlin
34. mackerel
    Mackerel
    Mackerel is a common name applied to a number of different species of fish, mostly, but not exclusively, from the family Scombridae. They may be found in all tropical and temperate seas. Most live offshore in the oceanic environment but a few, like the Spanish mackerel , enter bays and can be...
    
    
35. salmon
    Salmon
    Salmon is the common name for several species of fish in the family Salmonidae. Several other fish in the same family are called trout; the difference is often said to be that salmon migrate and trout are resident, but this distinction does not strictly hold true...
    
    
36. silver sea bass
    Bass (fish)
    Bass is a name shared by many different species of popular gamefish. The term encompasses both freshwater and marine species. All belong to the large order Perciformes, or perch-like fishes, and in fact the word bass comes from Middle English bars, meaning "perch."-Types of basses:*The temperate...
    
     - Lates calcarifer;
37. Goby
    Goby
    The gobies form the family Gobiidae, which is one of the largest families of fish, with more than 2,000 species in more than 200 genera. Most are relatively small, typically less than 10 cm in length...
    
    
38. sea catfish
    Catfish
    Catfishes are a diverse group of ray-finned fish. Named for their prominent barbels, which resemble a cat's whiskers, catfish range in size and behavior from the heaviest and longest, the Mekong giant catfish from Southeast Asia and the second longest, the wels catfish of Eurasia, to detritivores...
    
     - Family Ariidae
39. wrasse
    Wrasse
    The wrasses are a family, Labridae, of marine fish, many of which are brightly colored. The family is large and diverse, with over 600 species in 82 genera, which are divided into nine subgroups or tribes....
    
     - Family Labridae
40. silver perch
    Silver Perch
    Silver perch is a medium sized freshwater fish endemic to the Murray-Darling river system in south-eastern Australia. The scientific name comes from an aboriginal name for the species recorded by Major Mitchell on his 1832 expedition. It is not a perch, being a grunter in the family Terapontidae...
    
     - Datnia plumbea
41. pakol
42. lapad-lapad
43. budboron

Note:

• bijud sa isda - fish eggs: caviar
  Caviar
  Caviar, sometimes called black caviar, is a luxury delicacy, consisting of processed, salted, non-fertilized sturgeon roe. The roe can be "fresh" or pasteurized, the latter having much less culinary and economic value....
  
  
• sanga is banned
• tangkig - dwarf anaconda (sea)

Univalves

1. Saáng
2. Chambered Nautilus
   Nautilus
   Nautilus is the common name of marine creatures of cephalopod family Nautilidae, the sole extant family of the superfamily Nautilaceae and of its smaller but near equal suborder, Nautilina. It comprises six living species in two genera, the type of which is the genus Nautilus...
   
   
3. bugyong
4. buskay – cowry
   Cowry
   Cowry, also sometimes spelled cowrie, plural cowries, is the common name for a group of small to large sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries...
   
   ; Cypraea
   Cypraea
   Cypraea is a genus of medium-sized to large sea snails or cowries, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.-Species:Species within the genus Cypraea include:* Cypraea pantherina Lightfoot, 1786...
   
   ; varieties: Tiger cowry; Golden cowry
5. cones - Conus
   Conus
   Conus is a large genus of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs, with the common names of cone snails, cone shells or cones. This genus is placed in the subfamily Coninae within the family Conidae. Geologically speaking, the genus is known from the Eocene to the Recent ...
   
   

Bivalves

1. bebe
2. imbaw
3. tuway
4. aninikád
5. dawo-dawo
6. Amahóng or tahóng - green bay mussels Perna viridis
   Perna viridis
   The Asian green mussel , also known as the Philippine green mussel, is an economically important mussel, a bivalve belonging to the family Mytilidae. It is harvested for food but is also known to harbor toxins and cause damage to submerged structures such as drainage pipes...
   
     (affected by tide)
7. oyster
   Oyster
   The word oyster is used as a common name for a number of distinct groups of bivalve molluscs which live in marine or brackish habitats. The valves are highly calcified....
   
   ; Crassostrea gigas
8. clams
   CLaMS
   CLaMS is a modular chemistry transport model system developed at Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany. CLaMS was first described by McKenna et al. and was expanded into three dimensions by Konopka et al....
   
   
9. giant clams
10. abalone
    Abalone
    Abalone , from aulón, are small to very large-sized edible sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Haliotidae and the genus Haliotis...
    
    
11. scallops

Sea animals

1. bóngcaras – sea cow
2. iho - shark
   Shark
   Sharks are a type of fish with a full cartilaginous skeleton and a highly streamlined body. The earliest known sharks date from more than 420 million years ago....
   
   
3. Whale shark
   Whale shark
   The whale shark, Rhincodon typus, is a slow-moving filter feeding shark, the largest extant fish species. The largest confirmed individual had a length of and a weight of more than , but unconfirmed claims report considerably larger whale sharks...
   
   ; Rhincodon typus
4. lumód - Dolphin
   Dolphin
   Dolphins are marine mammals that are closely related to whales and porpoises. There are almost forty species of dolphin in 17 genera. They vary in size from and , up to and . They are found worldwide, mostly in the shallower seas of the continental shelves, and are carnivores, mostly eating...
   
   ;
5. dugong - Manatee
   Manatee
   Manatees are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows...
   
   ; Dugong dugon
6. pawikan - Sea turtle
   Sea turtle
   Sea turtles are marine reptiles that inhabit all of the world's oceans except the Arctic.-Distribution:...
   
   
7. pague – manta ray
   Manta ray
   The manta ray is the largest species of the rays. The largest known specimen was more than across, with a weight of about . It ranges throughout waters of the world, typically around coral reefs...
   
   
8. bat or bat tulî - sea cucumber; Holothuria
9. lambay – big Crab
   Crab
   True crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting "tail" , or where the reduced abdomen is entirely hidden under the thorax...
   
   s
10. kasag - small crab
    Crab
    True crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting "tail" , or where the reduced abdomen is entirely hidden under the thorax...
    
    s
11. agukoy – fiddler crab
    Fiddler crab
    A fiddler crab, sometimes known as a calling crab, may be any of approximately 100 species of semi-terrestrial marine crabs which make up the genus Uca. As members of the family Ocypodidae, fiddler crabs are most closely related to the ghost crabs of the genus Ocypode. This entire group is composed...
    
    ; Uca
    UCA
    UCA can stand for:* Under color addition* Unicode collation algorithm* The University for the Creative Arts, England* The United States of Central America, existing in Latin America from 1823 to 1840* The Uniting Church in Australia...
    
     sp.
12. pasayan - sapayan; also sapajan; shrimp
    Shrimp
    Shrimp are swimming, decapod crustaceans classified in the infraorder Caridea, found widely around the world in both fresh and salt water. Adult shrimp are filter feeding benthic animals living close to the bottom. They can live in schools and can swim rapidly backwards. Shrimp are an important...
    
    
13. lukón - prawn
    Prawn
    Prawns are decapod crustaceans of the sub-order Dendrobranchiata. There are 540 extant species, in seven families, and a fossil record extending back to the Devonian...
    
    
14. nukos - Squid
    Squid
    Squid are cephalopods of the order Teuthida, which comprises around 300 species. Like all other cephalopods, squid have a distinct head, bilateral symmetry, a mantle, and arms. Squid, like cuttlefish, have eight arms arranged in pairs and two, usually longer, tentacles...
    
    ;
15. amûpô - Octopus
    Octopus
    The octopus is a cephalopod mollusc of the order Octopoda. Octopuses have two eyes and four pairs of arms, and like other cephalopods they are bilaterally symmetric. An octopus has a hard beak, with its mouth at the center point of the arms...
    
    ;
16. crabs - Genus Portunus
    Portunus
    Portunus is a genus of crab which includes several important species for fisheries, such as the blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus and the Gazami crab, P. trituberculatus . The genus Portunus contains more than 90 extant species and over 40 further species known only from fossils ....
    
    
17. nipâ nipâ - crablets
18. sugâ sugâ - crablets
19. Lobster
    Lobster
    Clawed lobsters comprise a family of large marine crustaceans. Highly prized as seafood, lobsters are economically important, and are often one of the most profitable commodities in coastal areas they populate.Though several groups of crustaceans are known as lobsters, the clawed lobsters are most...
    
    
20. Tangkigan
21. Taklâ- crayfish
    Crayfish
    Crayfish, crawfish, or crawdads – members of the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea – are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they are related...
    
    
22. Brittle stars; Ophiurida
    Ophiurida
    The Ophiurida are an order of echinoderms within the class Ophiuroidea. It includes the vast majority of living brittle stars.-Characteristics:The upper surface of the disk of Ophiurida is covered with scales....
    
    
23. Sand dollar
    Sand dollar
    The term Sand dollar refers to species of extremely flattened, burrowing echinoids belonging to the order Clypeasteroida. Some species within the order, not quite as flat, are known as sea biscuits...
    
    s
24. Starfish - A. typicus
25. tuyóm or tujóm - sea urchins; Diadema
    Diadema (genus)
    Diadema is a genus of sea urchins of the Family Diadematidae and is one of the most abundant, widespread, and ecologically important shallow water genera of tropical sea urchins. It is found in all tropical oceans, although is ubiquitous in the Indo-Pacific region, where it inhabits depths down to...
    
    
26. swakê -
27. blue crab
28. mud crab
29. uwáng - Ustacidae, crayfish;
30. uwáng - Macrobrachium rosenbergii, giant freshwater prawn
31. sunlutan