List of HVDC projects - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

The following is a list of notable high voltage direct current power transmission projects.

HVDC projects for long-distance transmission have two (or rarely, more) converter stations and a transmission line interconnecting them. Generally overhead lines are used for interconnection, but an important class of HVDC projects use submarine power cables. A back-to-back station has no transmission line and connects two AC grids at different frequencies or phase counts. Historical HVDC systems used the Thury system of motor-generators but these have all been made obsolete by later developments such as mercury-arc valves, thyristors, and IGBT power transistors.

Type key

B2B = "Back to Back" HVDC
IGBT = Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors
Thury = Series-connected generators according René Thury
René Thury
René Thury was a Swiss pioneer in electrical engineering. He was known for his work with high voltage direct current electricity transmission and was known in the professional world as the "King of DC." -Biography:...
Merc = Mercury-arc valve rectifier and inverter
Thyr = Thyristor
Thyristor
A thyristor is a solid-state semiconductor device with four layers of alternating N and P-type material. They act as bistable switches, conducting when their gate receives a current trigger, and continue to conduct while they are forward biased .Some sources define silicon controlled rectifiers and...

rectifier and inverter
To find by location, sort by "Converter Station 1", and look for the country name of either end of the connection that sorts first. If available, coordinates of stations are also listed.
"Cable" means undersea or underground cable.
"Pole" means overhead wires.

List

! style="background-color: #C0C0FF" | Name

! style="background-color: #C0C0FF" | Converter
station 1

! style="background-color: #C0C0FF" | Converter
station 2

! style="background-color: #C0C0FF" | Cable (km)

! style="background-color: #C0C0FF" | Overhead line (km)

! style="background-color: #C0C0FF" | Volt (kV)

! style="background-color: #C0C0FF" | Power (MW)

! style="background-color: #C0C0FF" | Year

! style="background-color: #C0C0FF" | Type

! style="background-color: #C0C0FF" | Remarks

! style="background-color: #C0C0FF" | Ref
>

Miesbach-Munich Power Transmission Miesbach-Munich Power Transmission Miesbach–Munich Power Transmission was the firsttransmission of electrical energy over a large distance.It took place in 1882 between a steam engine situated near Miesbach and the glass palace of Munich, where world's first international electricity exhibition took place. The voltage used was 2000...	Germany - Miesbach	Germany - Munich		57	2	0.0025	1882	Single machine	Demonstration facility, dismantled
Gorzente River - Genoa DC transmission scheme	Italy - Gorzente River	Italy - Genoa	?	?	6	?	1889	Thury	upgraded later to a voltage of 14 kV, power of 2.5 MW and a length of 120 km, dismantled
La Chaux-de-Fonds DC transmission scheme	Switzerland - ?	Switzerland - ?	?	?	14	?	1897	Thury	dismantled
St. Maurice - Lausanne DC transmission scheme	Switzerland - St. Maurice	Switzerland - Lausanne	?	?	22	3.7	1899	Thury	dismantled
Lyon-Moutiers DC transmission scheme Lyon-Moutiers DC transmission scheme The Lyon–Moutiers DC transmission scheme was the most powerful mechanical high voltage direct current electric power transmission scheme ever built...	France - Lyon	France - Moutiers	10	190	±75	30	1906	Thury	dismantled in 1936
Wilesden-Ironbridge DC transmission scheme	UK - Wilesden	UK - Ironbridge	22.5	?	100	?	1910	Thury	dismantled (when?)
Chambéry DC transmission scheme	France - ?	France - ?	?	?	150	?	1925	Thury	dismantled in 1937
Mechanicville, New York Mechanicville, New York Mechanicville is a city in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population is 5,196 as of the 2010 census. It is the smallest city by area in the state. The name is derived from the occupations of early residents....	USA - Mechanicville,NY 42°54′45"N 73°40′49"W	USA - Schenectaday, NY		37	12	5	1932	Merc	experimental, frequency conversion 40 to 60 Hz, dismantled after WW II
Carnegie Steel Company B2B	USA - Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania	USA - Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania			?	?	?	Merc	built for an interconnection between 60 Hz-utility system and a 25 Hz System, dismantled	http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pes/public/2005/may/peshistory.html
HVDC Zurich-Wettingen	Switzerland - Wettingen 47°27′25"N 8°19′15"E	Switzerland - Zurich		20	50	0.5	1939	Merc	experimental facility built by BBC, dismantled
Name	Converter station 1	Converter station 2	Cable (km)	Pole (km)	Volt (kV)	Power (MW)	Year	Type	Remarks	Ref
HVDC Charlottenburg-Moabit	Germany - Berlin-Moabit	Germany - Berlin-Charlottenburg		4.6	100	14	1942	Merc	experimental facility built by Siemens, dismantled in 1945
Lehrte-Misburg HVDC Lehrte-Misburg HVDC HVDC Lehrte–Misburg was an experimental high-voltage direct current transmission line of PREAG between Hannover-Misburg and Lehrte-Ahlten substation. It went into service in 1944 and was capable of the transmission of 16 MW at a voltage of 80 kV...	Germany - Lehrte 52°22′54"N 9°55′03"E	Germany - Hannover/Misburg	?		80	16	1944	Merc	experimental facility, dismantled
Elbe-Project	Germany , Vockerode Vockerode Power Plant thumb\|1998thumb\|2001Vockerode Power Plant was a lignite and later also gas fired power plant in Vockerode, east germany. It was built in 1937 and shut-down between 1994 and 1998.-History:... 51°50′40"N 12°21′50"E	Germany - Berlin, Marienfelde 52°25′49"N 13°22′42"E	115	0	200	60	1945	Merc	never placed in service, dismantled
HVDC Trollhattan-Merud	Sweden - Trollhattan	Sweden - Merud		50	45	6.5	1946	Merc	experimental facility built by ASEA, dismantled
Moscow-Kashira	Russia - Moscow	Russia - Kashira	100		200	30	1951	Merc	built of parts of HVDC Elbe-Project, shut down (when?)
Gotland 1 HVDC Gotland The HVDC Gotland, on the Swedish east coast, was the first fully commercial static plant for high voltage direct current transmission in the world. The first HVDC Gotland link went into service in 1954. It could transfer 20 megawatts over a 98-kilometer-long submarine cable between Västervik on...	Sweden - Västervik 57°43′41"N 16°38′51"E	Sweden - Yigne 57°35′13"N 18°11′44"E	98		200	20	1954	Merc	shut down in February 1986
Cross-Channel HVDC Cross-Channel The HVDC Cross-Channel is the high voltage direct current connection that operates under the English Channel between the continental European and British electricity grids.-1961 cable:...	France - Echingen 50°41′48"N 1°38′21"E	UK - Lydd 50°54′54"N 0°56′50"E	64		100	160	1961	Merc	shut down in 1984
Volgograd-Donbass HVDC Volgograd-Donbass The HVDC Volgograd–Donbass is a long bipolar 400 kV high voltage direct current powerline used for transmitting electric power from Volga Hydroelectric Station at Volgograd to Donbas and vice versa...	Russia - Volzhskaya 48°49′34"N 44°40′20"E	Russia - Mikhailovskaya 48°39′13"N 38°33′56"E		475	400	750	1964	Merc
Konti-Skan 1 Konti-Skan Konti–Skan is the name of high-voltage direct-current transmission line between Denmark and Sweden.-Technical description:...	Denmark - Vester Hassing 57°3′46"N 10°5′24"E	Sweden - Stenkullen 57°48′15"N 12°19′13"E	87	89	250	250	1964	Merc	replaced in August 2006 by modern converters using thyristors
Sakuma B2B	Japan - Sakuma 35°04′57"N 137°47′56"E	Japan - Sakuma 35°04′57"N 137°47′56"E			125	300	1965	Merc	replaced in 1993 by new converter using light-triggered thyristors
Name	Converter station 1	Converter station 2	Cable (km)	Pole (km)	Volt (kV)	Power (MW)	Year	Type	Remarks	Ref
HVDC Inter-Island HVDC Inter-Island The HVDC Inter-Island link is a high-capacity, bipolar high-voltage direct current transmission system connecting the electricity transmission networks of New Zealand's two main islands to form the National Grid. The HVDC link is owned and operated by state-owned transmission company Transpower... 1	New Zealand - Benmore 44°33′55"S 170°11′24"E	New Zealand - Haywards 41°9′1"S 174°58′52"E	40	571	270	200	1965	Merc	Built as +/-250 kV 600 MW link. Cables replaced and paralleled with new pole at +270 kV in 1991. Largely decommissioned in 2007; but 200MW transfer is available in emergency situations. To be fully decommissioned in 2012.
SACOI 1 HVDC Italy-Corsica-Sardinia The HVDC Italy–Corsica–Sardinia is used for the exchange of electric energy between the static inverter plant Suvereto on the Italian mainland, the static inverter plant Lucciana on Corsica and the static inverter plant Codrongianos on Sardinia.First used in 1965 as mono-polar line, today this...	Italy - Suvereto 43°3′10"N 10°41′42"E	France- Lucciana 42°31′40"N 9°26′59"E ; Codrongianos, Italy 40°39′7"N 8°42′48"E	304	118	200	200	1965	Merc	replaced in 1986 by thyristors, multiterminal scheme
Vancouver Island HVDC Vancouver Island The HVDC Vancouver Island is the name for HVDC interconnection between the Vancouver Island Terminal near North Cowichan, British Columbia on Vancouver Island at and the Arnott Substation near Delta, British Columbia at on the Canadian mainland, which went into operation in 1968 and was... 1	Canada - Delta, BC 49°5′31"N 123°2′31"W	Canada - North Cowichan, BC 48°49′39"N 123°42′55"W	42	33	260	312	1968	Merc
Pacific DC Intertie	USA - Oregon - Celilo 45°35′39"N 121°6′51"W	USA - California - Sylmar 34°18′39"N 118°29′21"W , 34°18′42"N 118°28′53"W		1362	500	3100	1970	Merc	transmission voltage until 1984 400 kV, maximum transmission 1440 MW power until 1982 1440 MW, from 1982 to 1984 1600 MW, from 1984 to 1989 2000 MW, mercury arc rectifiers replaced in 2004 by photothyristors. Original supplier ASEA/GE. 1989 upgrade by ABB.
Nelson River Bipole Nelson River Bipole thumb\|right\|Nelson River Bipoles 1 and 2 terminate at Dorsey Converter Station near [[Rosser, Manitoba]]. The station takes [[HVDC]] current and converts it to [[alternating current\|HVAC]] current for re-distribution to consumers... 1	Canada - Gillam 56°21′41"N 94°36′48"W	Canada - Rosser, Manitoba 49°59′34"N 97°25′42"W		895	450	1620	1971	Merc	Used the largest mercury arc rectifiers ever built. Poles converted to thyristors in 1993, 2004.
Eel River B2B Eel River HVDC back-to-back station Eel River HVDC-back-to-back station is the first HVDC scheme in the world completely equipped with thyristors situated near New Brunswick, Canada. It can transfer a maximum power of 320 MW with an operating voltage of 80 kV. It went in service in 1972....	Canada- Eel River Eel River Crossing, New Brunswick Eel River Crossing is a Canadian village in Restigouche County, New Brunswick.Usually simplified to simply Eel River, the village is situated on the Eel River... , NB 48°01′05"N 66°26′39"W	Canada- Eel River Eel River Eel River may refer to:RiversEel River , which flows into the Pacific Ocean near Eureka, United StatesSouth Fork Eel River, which flows into the Eel near Weott, California**East Branch South Fork Eel River... , NB 48°01′05"N 66°26′39"W			80	320	1972	Thyr
Kingsnorth HVDC Kingsnorth HVDC Kingsnorth was a high-voltage direct-current transmission system at Kingsnorth in Kent. It was at one time the only application of the technology of high voltage direct current transmission for the supply of transformer stations in a city....	UK- Kingsnorth 51°25′11"N 0°35′46"E	UK - London-Beddington 51°22′23"N 0°7′38"W ; London-Willesden 51°32′41"N 0°15′29"W	85		266	640	1975	Merc	shut down in 1987
Shin Shinano Shin Shinano is the designation of a back-to-back high-voltage direct current facility in Japan and the location of the Shin Shinano Frequency Converter Station.Shin Shinano is located at -HVDC plant:... B2B	Japan - Shin Shinano 36°08′14"N 137°52′58"E	Japan - Shin Shinano 36°08′14"N 137°52′58"E			125	600	1977	Thyr
Square Butte Square Butte Square Butte is the designation of a high voltage direct current transmission line in the USA between the Milton R. Young Power Plant near Center, North Dakota at and the Arrowhead converter station near Adolph, MN at . It was built by Minnkota Power Cooperative and Minnesota Power and went in...	USA - Center, ND (Young) 47°4′18"N 101°11′45"W	USA - Adolph, MN (Arrowhead) 46°46′25"N 92°17′39"W		749	250	500	1977	Thyr
Vancouver Island HVDC Vancouver Island The HVDC Vancouver Island is the name for HVDC interconnection between the Vancouver Island Terminal near North Cowichan, British Columbia on Vancouver Island at and the Arnott Substation near Delta, British Columbia at on the Canadian mainland, which went into operation in 1968 and was... 2	Canada - Delta, BC 49°5′31"N 123°2′31"W	Canada - North Cowichan, BC 48°49′39"N 123°42′55"W	33	42	280	370	1977	Thyr
Name	Converter station 1	Converter station 2	Cable (km)	Pole (km)	Volt (kV)	Power (MW)	Year	Type	Remarks	Ref
Cross-Skagerak Cross-Skagerak Cross-Skagerrak is the name of an high-voltage direct current transmission facility between Tjele and Kristiansand . It is owned and operated by Statnett in Norway, and Energinet.dk in Denmark.-Technical features:... 1 + 2	Denmark - Tjele 56°28′44"N 9°34′1"E	Norway - Kristiansand 58°15′36"N 7°53′55"E	130	100	250	500	1977	Thyr
David A. Hamil B2B	USA - Stegall, Nebraska 41°49′15"N 103°56′32"W	USA - Stegall, Nebraska 41°49′15"N 103°56′32"W			±50	100	1977	Thyr
Cahora Bassa	Mozambique - Songo 15°36′41"S 32°44′59"E	South Africa - Apollo 25°55′11"S 28°16′34"E		1420	533	1920	1979	Thyr	First HVDC with voltage above 500 kV
CU CU (Powerline) CU is the designation of a line for high voltage direct current transmission between the Coal Creek Station power plant south of Underwood, North Dakota at and the Dickinson converter station near Rockford, Minnesota at ....	USA - Underwood, ND (Coal Creek) 47°22′24"N 101°9′23"W	USA - Rockford, MN (Dickinson) 45°6′40"N 93°48′36"W		710	400	1000	1979	Thyr
Hokkaido-Honshu	Japan- Hakodate 41°55′55"N 140°39′47"E	Japan - Kamikita 40°48′06"N 141°11′52"E	44	149	250	300	1979	Thyr
Acaray Acaray Power Plant The Acaray Dam is a hydroelectric dam situated in Ciudad del Este, Paraguay. It has an electrical output of , supplying 3% of Paraguay's electricity demand.- HVDC-back-to-back station :... B2B	Paraguay - Ciudad de Este 25°27′26"S 54°37′26"W	Paraguay - Ciudad de Este 25°27′26"S 54°37′26"W			25.6	50	1981	Thyr
Vyborg Vyborg HVDC-back-to-back station The Vyborg HVDC scheme is a system of electricity transmission from the Russian power system to Finland.-History:The 400 kV electricity transmission from Russia to Finland started in 1982. As the Russian and Finnish power systems are de-synchronized, a HVDC-back-to-back station was needed... B2B	Russia - Vyborg 60°40′49"N 28°55′7"E	Russia - Vyborg 60°40′49"N 28°55′7"E			85	1065	1982	Thyr
Inga-Shaba Inga-Shaba The Inga–Shaba EHVDC Intertie is a high-voltage direct current overhead electric power transmission line in the Democratic Republic of Congo, linking the Inga hydroelectric complex at the mouth of the Congo River to mineral fields in Shaba...	Democratic Republic of Congo - Kolwezi 10°39′27"S 25°27′08"E	Democratic Republic of Congo - Inga 05°31′27"S 13°36′39"E)		1700	500	560	1982	Thyr
Dürnrohr GK Dürnrohr The GK Dürnrohr was a HVDC back-to-back scheme west of Dürnrohr substation, which was used for the energy exchange between Austria and Czechoslovakia between 1983 and 1996. The GK Dürnrohr had a nominal transmission rating of 550 MW... B2B	Austria - Dürnrohr 48°19′46"N 15°52′48"E	Austria - Dürnrohr 48°19′46"N 15°52′48"E			145	550	1983	Thyr	shut down in October 1996, dismantled in 2007
Artesia, New Mexico Artesia, New Mexico Artesia is a city in Eddy County, New Mexico, United States, centered at the intersection of U.S. Route 82 and 285; the two highways serve as the city's Main Street and First Street, respectively... (Eddy County HVDC B2B) B2B	USA - Artesia, NM 32°48′51.7"N 104°14′29.6"W	USA - Artesia, NM 32°48′51.7"N 104°14′29.6"W			82	200	1983	Thyr
Name	Converter station 1	Converter station 2	Cable (km)	Pole (km)	Volt (kV)	Power (MW)	Year	Type	Remarks	Ref
Gotland HVDC Gotland The HVDC Gotland, on the Swedish east coast, was the first fully commercial static plant for high voltage direct current transmission in the world. The first HVDC Gotland link went into service in 1954. It could transfer 20 megawatts over a 98-kilometer-long submarine cable between Västervik on... 2	Sweden - Västervik 57°43′41"N 16°38′51"E	Sweden - Yigne 57°35′13"N 18°11′44"E	92.9	6.6	150	130	1983	Thyr
Chateauguay Châteauguay HVDC-back-to-back station Châteauguay HVDC-back-to-back station is the largest high-voltage direct current back-to-back converter station in North America. Situated near Châteauguay, on the South Shore of Montreal, Quebec, it is an important plant for power exchange between Hydro-Québec and New York Power Authority... B2B	Saint-Constant - Châteauguay 45°15′11"N 73°52′11"W	Saint-Constant - Châteauguay 45°15′11"N 73°52′11"W			140	1000	1984	Thyr
Oklaunion B2B	USA - Oklaunion, TX 34°5′6"N 99°11′1"W	USA - Oklaunion, TX 34°5′6"N 99°11′1"W			82	200	1984	Thyr
Blackwater, New Mexico Blackwater, New Mexico Blackwater, New Mexico is the designation of a HVDC back-to-back facility for the power exchange between the asynchronous power grids of Texas and New Mexico. It was built by Brown Boveri in 1985 and can transfer a power up to 200 megawatts. The used voltage is 57 kV.... B2B	USA - Blackwater, NM 34°18′3"N 103°10′27"W	USA - Blackwater, NM 34°18′3"N 103°10′27"W			57	200	1984	Thyr
Itaipu HVDC Itaipu The HVDC Itaipu is a High Voltage Direct Current transmission line in Brazil from the Itaipu hydroelectric power plant to the region of São Paulo. The project has two bipolar lines, which run from the generator site at Foz do Iguaçu in Paraná to the "load" site Ibiúna near São Roque, São Paulo... 2	Brazil - Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná 25°27′58"S 54°32′33"W	Brazil - São Roque, São Paulo 23°40′2"S 47°6′19"W		805	600	3150	1984	ABB
Itaipu HVDC Itaipu The HVDC Itaipu is a High Voltage Direct Current transmission line in Brazil from the Itaipu hydroelectric power plant to the region of São Paulo. The project has two bipolar lines, which run from the generator site at Foz do Iguaçu in Paraná to the "load" site Ibiúna near São Roque, São Paulo... 1	Brazil - Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná 25°27′58"S 54°32′33"W	Brazil - São Roque, São Paulo 23°40′2"S 47°6′19"W		785	600	3150	1984	ABB
Nelson River Bipole Nelson River Bipole thumb\|right\|Nelson River Bipoles 1 and 2 terminate at Dorsey Converter Station near [[Rosser, Manitoba]]. The station takes [[HVDC]] current and converts it to [[alternating current\|HVAC]] current for re-distribution to consumers... 2	Canada - Sundance 56°30′14"N 94°8′24"W	Canada - Rosser 49°59′34"N 97°25′42"W		937	500	1800	1985	Thyr
Madawaska, Quebec B2B Madawaska HVDC The Madawaska HVDC link between the Canadian provinces of Quebec and New Brunswick is located in Quebec near the village of Degelis with a connection into New Brunswick near the city of Edmundston...	Canada- Degelis Dégelis, Quebec Dégelis is a city in Témiscouata Regional County Municipality within the Bas-Saint-Laurent region of Quebec. It is situated on Route 185, close to the Quebec / New Brunswick Border.* Population: 3,209* % Change : -3.3* Dwellings: 1,630... 47°30′31"N 68°31′25"W	Degelis 47°30′31"N 68°31′25"W			140	350	1985	Thyr
Miles City, Montana Miles City, Montana Miles City is a city in and the county seat of Custer County, Montana, United States. The population was 8,123 at the 2010 census.- History :... B2B	USA - Miles City 46°24′31"N 105°47′36"W	USA - Miles City 46°24′31"N 105°47′36"W			82	200	1985	Thyr
Highgate, VT B2B	USA - Highgate, Vermont 44°56′17"N 73°3′15"W	USA - Highgate, VT 44°56′17"N 73°3′15"W			56	200	1985	Thyr
Name	Converter station 1	Converter station 2	Cable (km)	Pole (km)	Volt (kV)	Power (MW)	Year	Type	Remarks	Ref
Cross-Channel HVDC Cross-Channel The HVDC Cross-Channel is the high voltage direct current connection that operates under the English Channel between the continental European and British electricity grids.-1961 cable:... (new)	France - Les Mandarins 50°54′11"N 1°47′5"E	UK - Sellindge Sellindge Sellindge is a civil parish and village on the A20 road between Ashford and Folkestone in Kent, South East England. Sellindge is part of North Downs West Ward of Shepway District Council but part of the Elham ward of Kent County Council.... 51°6′21"N 0°58′32"E	72		270	2000	1986	Thyr	2 bipolar systems
Path 27	USA - Intermountain, Utah 39°30′2"N 112°34′51"W	USA - Adelanto, California 34°33′4"N 117°26′14"W		785	500	1920	1986	Thyr
Uruguaiana Uruguaiana Uruguaiana is a municipality in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. It is located on the left-hand shore of the Uruguay River that forms the border with Argentina. Opposite Uruguaiana, and joined to it by a road/railway bridge, lies the Argentine city of Paso de los Libres, Corrientes... B2B	Brazil - Uruguaiana 29°48′22"S 57°0′17"W	Brazil - Uruguaiana 29°48′22"S 57°0′17"W			17.9	53.9	1986	Thyr
Broken Hill Broken Hill, New South Wales -Geology:Broken Hill's massive orebody, which formed about 1,800 million years ago, has proved to be among the world's largest silver-lead-zinc mineral deposits. The orebody is shaped like a boomerang plunging into the earth at its ends and outcropping in the centre. The protruding tip of the... B2B	Australia - Broken Hill 31°59′10"S 141°25′9"E	Australia - Broken Hill 31°59′10"S 141°25′9"E			8.33	40	1986	Thyr
Gotland HVDC Gotland The HVDC Gotland, on the Swedish east coast, was the first fully commercial static plant for high voltage direct current transmission in the world. The first HVDC Gotland link went into service in 1954. It could transfer 20 megawatts over a 98-kilometer-long submarine cable between Västervik on... 3	Sweden - Västervik 57°43′41"N 16°38′51"E	Sweden - Yigne 57°35′13"N 18°11′44"E	98		150	130	1987	Thyr
HVDC Zhoushan HVDC Zhoushan Zhoushan HVDC was the first HVDC scheme built in China. Zhoushan HVDC is a bipolar HVDCconnecting the powergrid of Zhoushan island with the Chinese mainland. The line has a total length of...	Ningbo - China	Gao Tongge - China	12	42	100	50	1987	Thy
Konti-Skan Konti-Skan Konti–Skan is the name of high-voltage direct-current transmission line between Denmark and Sweden.-Technical description:... 2	Denmark - Vester, Hassing 57°3′46"N 10°5′24"E	Sweden - Lindome 57°36′24"N 12°6′40"E	87	60	285	300	1988	Thyr
Virginia Smith Virginia Smith Converter Station Virginia Smith Converter Station is a High-voltage direct current back-to-back station near Sidney, Nebraska named for former Congresswoman Virginia Smith, a Nebraska Republican who represented Nebraska's 3rd congressional district from 1975 to 1991. Virginia Smith Converter Station was built by... B2B	USA - Sidney, Nebraska 41°9′51"N 102°59′15"W	USA - Sidney, Nebraska 41°9′51"N 102°59′15"W			50	200	1988	Thyr
Gezhouba - Shanghai HVDC Gezhouba - Shanghai The HVDC Gezhouba–Shanghai is a high voltage direct current electric power transmission system between Gezhouba and Nanqiao near Shanghai, China put in service in 1989. The bipolar line is rated at 500 kV and a maximum power of 1,200 MW.-Sites:... "GeSha" or "Ge-Nan"	China - Gezhouba 30°43′44"N 111°14′39"E	China - Nan Qiao 30°57′22"N 121°24′48"E		1046	500	1200	1989	Thyr	Supplier: Siemens Siemens Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG...
Fenno-Skan Fenno-Skan Fenno–Skan is the designation of the high voltage direct current transmission between Dannebo in Sweden and Rauma in Finland.-History:Fenno–Skan was inaugurated in 1989. Taken into commercial operation in November 1989, Fenno–Skan was the longest submarine power cable in the world...	Finland - Rauma 61°09′07"N 21°37′32"E	Sweden - Dannebo 60°24′14"N 18°08′10"E	200	33	400	500	1989	Thyr
Name	Converter station 1	Converter station 2	Cable (km)	Pole (km)	Volt (kV)	Power (MW)	Year	Type	Remarks	Ref
Vindhyachal Vindhyachal Vindhyachal is a town in Mirzapur District of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The city is a Hindu pilgrimage site having the temple of Vindhyavasini, where according to mythology a part of Sati Born in Nand Yadav Family as sister of Lord Krishna. The river Ganges flows through this city... B2B	India - Vindhyachal 24°05′38"N 82°40′44"E	India - Vindhyachal 24°05′38"N 82°40′44"E			176	500	1989	Thyr
Sileru-Barsoor HVDC Sileru-Barsoor The HVDC Sileru–Barsoor is a high voltage direct current transmission system between Sileru, India and Barsoor, India, which went in service in 1989. The HVDC Sileru-Barsoor is a bipolar HVDC with a voltage of 200 kV and a transmission rate of 400 megawatts...	India - Sileru 17°52′01"N 81°39′21"E	India - Barsoor 19°8′20"N 81°23′47"E		196	200	400	1989	Thyr
McNeill McNeill HVDC Back-to-back station McNeill HVDC Back-to-back station is an HVDC back-to-back station at 50°35'56"N 110°1'25"W, which is used for the interconnection of the power grids of the canadian provinces Alberta and Saskatchewan and went in service in 1989. McNeill HVDC back-to-back station can transfer a maximum power of... B2B	Canada - Mc Neill, Alberta 50°35′56"N 110°01′25"W	Canada - Mc Neill, Alberta 50°35′56"N 110°01′25"W			42	150	1989	Thyr
Quebec - New England Transmission Quebec - New England Transmission The Quebec – New England Transmission is a long-distance high-voltage direct current line between Radisson, Quebec and Sandy Pond in Ayer, Massachusetts...	Canada - Radisson, Quebec 53°43′33"N 77°44′17"W	Canada - Nicolet, Quebec 46°04′47"N 72°14′58"W; Canada - Des Cantons, Quebec 45°33′44"N 71°57′01"W; USA - Comerford, NH 44°19′9"N 71°59′35"W; USA - Ayer, MA 42°34′13"N 71°31′27"W	5	1100	450	2000	1991	Thyr	Multiterminal- 3 terminals. Supplier:ABB.
Rihand-Delhi HVDC Rihand-Delhi The HVDC Rihand–Delhi is a HVDC connection between Rihand and Dadri in India, in service in 1990.It connects the 3,000 MW coal-based thermal power Rihand complex in Uttar Pradesh to the Northern Region. The project has an long bipolar overhead line. The transmission voltage is 500 kV...	India - Rihand 24°01′13"N 82°47′21"E	India - Dadri 28°35′36"N 77°36′16"E		814	500	1500	1992	Thyr
HVDC Inter-Island HVDC Inter-Island The HVDC Inter-Island link is a high-capacity, bipolar high-voltage direct current transmission system connecting the electricity transmission networks of New Zealand's two main islands to form the National Grid. The HVDC link is owned and operated by state-owned transmission company Transpower... 2	New Zealand - Benmore 44°33′55"S 170°11′24"E	New Zealand - Haywards 41°9′1"S 174°58′52"E	40	570	350	500	1992	Thyr	-350 kV 500 MW link in bipole configuration with HVDC Inter-Island 1. Operating at 700MW from 2007 to 2012 with a Pole 1 cable until new Pole 3 is commissioned.
Wolmirstedt Wolmirstedt substation Wolmirstedt substation is a large node in the power grid of former East Germany and termination of Germany's longest powerline, running from Lubmin nuclear power station to Wolmirstedt substation.... B2B	Germany - Wolmirstedt 52°16′21"N 11°38′10"E	Germany - Wolmirstedt 52°16′21"N 11°38′10"E			160	600	(1992)	Thyr	construction work was stopped after reunification, static inverter hall is today part of a recycling yard
SACOI HVDC Italy-Corsica-Sardinia The HVDC Italy–Corsica–Sardinia is used for the exchange of electric energy between the static inverter plant Suvereto on the Italian mainland, the static inverter plant Lucciana on Corsica and the static inverter plant Codrongianos on Sardinia.First used in 1965 as mono-polar line, today this... 2	Italy - Suvereto 43°3′10"N 10°41′42"E	France- Lucciana 42°31′40"N 9°26′59"E ; Codrongianos, Italy 40°39′7"N 8°42′48"E	118	304	200	300	1992	Thyr	multiterminal scheme
Etzenricht GKK Etzenricht GKK Etzenricht, abbreviation for Gleichstromkurzkupplung) Etzenricht, that means Etzenricht HVDC-back-to-back station was an HVDC back-to-back facility near Etzenricht in the district of Neustadt in Bavaria, Germany. It was built up on area of Etzenricht substation, a 380 kV/220 kV/110... B2B	Germany - Etzenricht 49°37′52"N 12°6′56"E	Germany - Etzenricht 49°37′52"N 12°6′56"E			160	600	1993	Thyr	shut down in October 1995, dismantled in 2009
Vienna-Southeast GK Wien-Southeast The GK Vienna–Southeast was a back-to-back HVDC station linking the electric power grids of Austria and Hungary. It operated between June 1993 and October 1996.- Facility :... B2B	Austria - Vienna 48°7′22"N 16°25′6"E	Austria - Vienna 48°7′22"N 16°25′6"E			142	600	1993	Thyr	shut down in October 1996, dismantled in 2007
Name	Converter station 1	Converter station 2	Cable (km)	Pole (km)	Volt (kV)	Power (MW)	Year	Type	Remarks	Ref
Cross-Skagerak Cross-Skagerak Cross-Skagerrak is the name of an high-voltage direct current transmission facility between Tjele and Kristiansand . It is owned and operated by Statnett in Norway, and Energinet.dk in Denmark.-Technical features:... 3	Denmark - Tjele 56°28′44"N 9°34′1"E	Norway - Kristiansand 58°15′36"N 7°53′55"E	130	100	350	500	1993	Thyr
Baltic-Cable	Germany - Lübeck- Herrenwyk 53°53′46"N 10°48′9"E	Sweden - Kruseberg 55°30′1"N 13°8′45"E	250	12	450	600	1994	Thyr
Kontek Kontek The Kontek is a 170 kilometer long, monopolar 400kV DC-cable for the interconnection of the German power grid with the electricity grid of the Danish island Sealand. The name comes from "continent" and the name of the former Danish power transmission company "Elkraft", which operated the power grid...	Denmark - Bjaeverskov 55°27′1"N 12°0′27"E	Germany - Bentwisch Bentwisch Bentwisch is a municipality in the Rostock district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany, to the east of Rostock. The village has 2.455 inhabitants and covers 14.74 square kilometres... 54°6′3"N 12°13′1"E	170		400	600	1996	Thyr
Haenam-Cheju HVDC Haenam-Cheju The HVDC Haenam–Cheju is a 101 kilometers long HVDC submarine cable connection between the South Korean Mainland and the island of Jeju in South Korea, which went into service in 1996...	SouthKorea - Haenam 34°22′03"N 126°35′34"E	SouthKorea - Jeju 33°32′06"N 126°35′44"E	101		180	300	1996	Thyr
Chandrapur Chandrapur Chandrapur is city and a municipal council in Chandrapur district in the state of Maharashtra, India. It is also the headquarters of Chandrapur district.... - Padghe	India-Chandrapur Chandrapur Chandrapur is city and a municipal council in Chandrapur district in the state of Maharashtra, India. It is also the headquarters of Chandrapur district.... 20°0′36"N 79°17′06"E	India - Padghe 19°21′30"N 73°11′21"E	0	900	500	1500	1997	Thyr
Hellsjön-Grängesberg HVDC Hellsjön-Grängesberg The HVDC Hellsjön–Grängesberg is a test range from ABB between Hellsjön and Grängesberg to the testing of new components for HVDC. It consists of a 10 kilometer long overhead line, which was originally used as three-phase alternating current line and which is occasionally used for DC transmissions...	Sweden - Hellsjoen 60°02′50"N 15°08′52"E	Sweden - Graengesberg 60°03′53"N 14°59′39"E		10	180	3	1997	IGBT	experimental HVDC
Leyte - Luzon HVDC Leyte - Luzon The HVDC Leyte–Luzon is a high voltage direct current transmission link in the Philippines between geothermal power plants on the island of Leyte and the southern part of island of Luzon. The HVDC Leyte – Luzon went in service on 10 August 1998....	Philippines - Ormoc, Leyte 11°5′19"N 124°38′21"E	Naga, Camarines Sur	21	430	400	1600	1998	Thyr
Chandrapur Chandrapur Chandrapur is city and a municipal council in Chandrapur district in the state of Maharashtra, India. It is also the headquarters of Chandrapur district.... B2B	India-Chandrapur Chandrapur Chandrapur is city and a municipal council in Chandrapur district in the state of Maharashtra, India. It is also the headquarters of Chandrapur district.... 20°5′32"N 79°8′32"E	India-Chandrapur Chandrapur Chandrapur is city and a municipal council in Chandrapur district in the state of Maharashtra, India. It is also the headquarters of Chandrapur district.... 20°5′32"N 79°8′32"E	0	0	205	1000	1998	Thyr
Welch-Monticello Welch-Monticello Welch-Monticello is the designation of a HVDC back-to-back station located between the power stations Welch and Monticello in northeastern Texas. It went in service in 1998 and it can transfer a maximum power of 600 megawatts.- External links :*... B2B	USA - Welch-Monticello, TX 33°03′30.3"N 94°50′36.54"W Welch Plant 33°03′29"N 94°50′38"W	USA - Welch-Monticello, TX 33°03′29"N 94°50′38"W Monticello Plant 33°05′29.7"N 95°02′19.92"W			162	600	1998	Thyr
Vizag I	India - Visakhapatnam Visakhapatnam Visakhapatnam is a major sea port on the south east coast of India. With a population of approximately 1.7 million, it is the second largest city in the state of Andhra Pradesh and the third largest city on the east coast of India after Kolkata and Chennai. According to the history, the city was... Gazuwaka 17°38′33"N 83°7′57"E	India - Gazuwaka 17°38′33"N 83°7′57"E			176	500	1999	Thyr
Name	Converter station 1	Converter station 2	Cable (km)	Pole (km)	Volt (kV)	Power (MW)	Year	Type	Remarks	Ref
Minami-Fukumitsu Minami-Fukumitsu Minami-Fukumitsu is the name given to an HVDC back-to-back station for the interconnection of the power grids of West and Eastern Japan. This facility went in service in March 1999. It operates with a voltage of 125 kV and can transfer a power up to 300 megawatts. The station is located in Nanto,... B2B	Japan - Minami- Fukumitsu 36°29′46"N 136°54′57"E	Japan - Minami- Fukumitsu 36°29′46"N 136°54′57"E			125	300	1999	Thyr
Visby-Nas HVDC Visby-Nas The HVDC Visby–Näs is a bipolar HVDC electric power transmission system between Visby and a wind power centre near Näs on Gotland, Sweden. The project went into service in 1999. The system operates at 80 kV with a maximum power of 50 megawatts...	Sweden - Nas 57°05′58"N 18°14′27"E	Sweden - Visby 57°37′29"N 18°21′18"E	70		80	50	1999	Thyr
Kii Channel Kii Channel HVDC system The Kii Channel HVDC system in Japan is, as of 2010, the highest-capacity high-voltage direct current submarine power cable system in the world...	Japan - Anan 33°49′40"N 134°38′14"E	Japan - Kihoku 34°12′50"N 135°30′07"E	50	50	500	1400	2000	Thyr
SwePol Swepol SwePol is a -long monopolar high-voltage direct current submarine cable between the Stärnö peninsula near Karlshamn, Sweden, and Bruskowo Wielkie, near Słupsk, Poland....	Poland - Bruskowo Wielkie 54°30′8"N 16°53′28"E	Sweden - Stärnö 56°9′11"N 14°50′29"E	245		450	600	2000	Thyr
Garabi HVDC back-to-back station	Brazil- Garabi 28°15′19"S 55°40′18"W	Brazil- Garabi 28°15′19"S 55°40′18"W			±70	400	2000	Thyr
Terranora interconnector ( Direktlink)	Australia - Mullumbimby 28°34′15"S 153°27′8"E	Australia - Bungalora 28°15′20"S 153°28′20"E	59		80	180	2000	IGBT	land cable
Rivera B2B	Uruguay - Rivera 30°56′29"S 55°33′34"W	Uruguay - Rivera 30°56′29"S 55°33′34"W			± 20	70	2000	Thyr	Supplier:Areva
Eagle Pass, Texas Eagle Pass, Texas Eagle Pass is a city in and the county seat of Maverick County The population was 27,183 as of the 2010 census.Eagle Pass borders the city of Piedras Negras, Coahuila, Mexico, which is to the southwest and across the Rio Grande. The Eagle Pass-Piedras Negras Metropolitan Area is one of six... B2B	USA - Eagle Pass, TX 28°42′58.8"N 100°29′26.88 "W	USA - Eagle Pass, TX 28°42′58.8"N 100°29′26.88 "W			15.9	36	2000	IGBT
Tjæreborg HVDC Tjæreborg The HVDC Tjæreborg is a 4.3 kilometre long bipolar high-voltage direct current electric power transmission line for demonstrating and testing DC interconnection of a wind park to the Danish power grid. The line was constructed to connect an existing onshore wind park consisting of 4 windmills in...	Denmark - Tjæreborg/Enge 55°26′52"N 8°35′34"E	Denmark - Tjæreborg/Substation 55°28′07"N 8°33′36"E	4.3		9	7	2000	IGBT	interconnection to wind power generating stations
Tianshengqiao - Guangzhou "Tian-Guang" or TSQ	China - Tianshengqiao 24°54′56"N 105°05′47"E	China - Beijiao Beijiao (Shunde) Beijiao is a town, part of Shunde district, in Foshan prefecture-level city, Guangdong Province, southern China.Near Beijiao, there is the static inverter plant of HVDC TSQ.... 23°18′58"N 113°15′05"E		960	500	1800	2001	Thyr	Supplier: Siemens Siemens Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG...
Italy-Greece HVDC Italy-Greece The HVDC Italy–Greece is a monopolar submarine power cable link between Italy and Greece with a maximum transmission power of 500 megawatts. It went in service in 2001. The HVDC Italy-Greece begins in the static inverter plant Galatina situated at in Italy and is implemented in its first as...	Greece - Arachthos 39°11′00"N 20°57′48"E	Italy - Galatina 40°9′53"N 18°7′49"E	200	110	400	500	2001	Thyr
Name	Converter station 1	Converter station 2	Cable (km)	Pole (km)	Volt (kV)	Power (MW)	Year	Type	Remarks	Ref
Moyle HVDC Moyle The HVDC Moyle is the HVDC link between Auchencrosh, South Ayrshire in Scotland and Ballycronan More, County Antrim in Northern Ireland, which went into service in 2001. It is owned and operated by Mutual Energy....	UK - Auchencrosh 55°04′10"N 4°58′50"W	UK - N. Ireland- Ballycronan More 54°50′34"N 5°46′11"W	63.5		250	250	2001	Thyr
East South-II ESI II	India - Talcher, Orissa 21°06′01"N 85°03′49"E	India - Kolar, Karnataka 13°10′39"N 78°7′0"E		1450	500	2000	2002	Thyr
Cross Sound Cable Cross Sound Cable The Cross Sound Cable is a long bipolar high-voltage direct current submarine power cable between New Haven, Connecticut, USA and Shoreham, Long Island New York , USA. The Cross Sound Cable can transmit a maximum power of 330 MW at a voltage of +/- 150 kV DC. The maximum current for Cross Sound...	USA - New Haven, CT 41°17′12"N 72°54′8"W	USA - Shoreham, Long Island 40°57′33"N 72°52′3"W	40		150	330	2002	IGBT	buried underwater cable
Thailand-Malaysia HVDC Thailand-Malaysia The HVDC Thailand–Malaysia is a 110 kilometer long HVDC powerline between Khlong Ngae in Thailand at and Gurun in Malaysia. The HVDC Thailand–Malaysia, which crosses the border between Malaysia and Thailand at , serves for the coupling of the asynchronously operated power grids of Thailand and...	Thailand - Khlong Ngae 6°42′56"N 100°27′8"E	Malaysia - Gurun 5°48′45"N 100°32′6"E		110	300	300	2002	Thyr
Murraylink Murraylink Murraylink is an Australian high voltage direct current electricity transmission link between Berri in South Australia and Red Cliffs in Victoria, connecting the two state electricity grids...	Australia - Red Cliffs 34°17′31"S 142°14′19"E	Australia - Berri 34°14′17"S 140°36′01"E	177		±150	220	2002	IGBT	underground cable
Three Gorges-Changzhou HVDC Three Gorges-Changzhou The HVDC Three Gorges – Changzhou is an long bipolar HVDC transmission line in China for the transmission of electric power from the Three Gorges power plant to the area of Changzhou....	China - Longquan 30°47′6"N 111°31′48"E?	China - Zhengping 31°36′42"N 119°59′27"E		860	500	3000	2003	Thyr	From north bank of Three Gorges to Zhengping, 200 km from Shanghai in the East grid. Supplier:ABB/Siemens Siemens Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG...
Sasaram Sasaram Sasaram , sometimes also spelled as Sahasram, is the administrative headquarters of the Rohtas district in the Indian state of Bihar.It is one of the oldest cities in India, and is famous for production of stone chips and for the local quarrying industry... B2B	India-Sasaram Sasaram Sasaram , sometimes also spelled as Sahasram, is the administrative headquarters of the Rohtas district in the Indian state of Bihar.It is one of the oldest cities in India, and is famous for production of stone chips and for the local quarrying industry... 24°56′31"N 83°58′17"E?	India-Sasaram Sasaram Sasaram , sometimes also spelled as Sahasram, is the administrative headquarters of the Rohtas district in the Indian state of Bihar.It is one of the oldest cities in India, and is famous for production of stone chips and for the local quarrying industry... 24°56′31"N 83°58′17"E?	0	0	205	500	2003	Thyr
Rapid City DC Tie B2B	USA - Rapid City, South Dakota 44°00′37"N 103°9′54"W	USA - Rapid City, South Dakota 44°00′37"N 103°9′54"W			13	200	2003	Thyr		http://www.abb.com/cawp/gad02181/c1256d71001e0037c1256b830034ab10.aspx
Guizhou-Guangdong I GuG I	China - Anshun, Guizhou 26°16′23"N 105°48′21"E	China - Zhaoqing, Guangdong 22°54′57"N 112°29′11"E		980	500	3000	2004	Thyr	Supplier: Siemens Siemens Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG...
Three Gorges-Guangdong HVDC Three Gorges-Guangdong The HVDC Three Gorges – Guangdong is a 940 kilometre-long bipolar HVDC transmission line in China for the transmission of electric power from the Three Gorges power plant to the area of Guangdong. The powerline went into service in 2004. It runs from the static inverter station Jingzhou near... - Huizhou	China - Jingzhou	China - Huizhou 23°16′15"N 114°12′5"E		940	500	3000	2004	Thyr	Supplier = ABB
Name	Converter station 1	Converter station 2	Cable (km)	Pole (km)	Volt (kV)	Power (MW)	Year	Type	Remarks	Ref
HVDC Troll HVDC Troll The HVDC Troll is a bipolar high-voltage direct current electric power transmission line for the supply of the gas compressor station on the offshore construction work Troll A. It consists of dual set of a 68 kilometer long bipolar submarine cable designed for ±60 kV between the gas compressor...	Norway - Kollsnes 60°33′01"N 4°50′26"E	Norway - Offshore platform Troll A 60°40′00"N 3°40′00"E	70		60	80	2004	IGBT	power supply for offshore gas compressor. Supplier:ABB
Basslink Basslink Basslink is a high-voltage direct current cable link crossing Bass Strait, connecting the Loy Yang Power Station, Victoria on the Australian mainland to the George Town substation in northern Tasmania...	Australia - LoyYang 38°15′45"S 146°36′29"E	Australia - GeorgeTown, Tasmania 41°6′53"S 146°53′31"E	298.3	71.8	400	600	2005	Thyr	One of the longest HVDC cable in operation,
Visakhapatnam B2B Vizag II	India - Visakhapatnam Visakhapatnam Visakhapatnam is a major sea port on the south east coast of India. With a population of approximately 1.7 million, it is the second largest city in the state of Andhra Pradesh and the third largest city on the east coast of India after Kolkata and Chennai. According to the history, the city was... 17°38′26"N 83°8′10"E	India - Visakhapatnam Visakhapatnam Visakhapatnam is a major sea port on the south east coast of India. With a population of approximately 1.7 million, it is the second largest city in the state of Andhra Pradesh and the third largest city on the east coast of India after Kolkata and Chennai. According to the history, the city was... 17°38′26"N 83°8′10"E			176	500	2005	Thyr	Installed at Gazuwaka. Supplier:ABB. This is similar in specs to Vizag I and connects the Eastern and Southern grids.
Lingbao Lingbao, Henan Lingbao city is located in Henan Province, People's Republic of China. In ancient times, the Hongnong Commandery was located approximately 20 km south of there. Since 2005, there is a HVDC back-to-back station built by ABB with a transmission rate of 360 MW.Lingbao city has a population of... B2B	China - Lingbao 34°29′31"N 110°53′00"E	China - Lingbao 34°29′31"N 110°53′00"E			168	360	2005	Thyr
Lamar Co., Colorado B2B	USA - Lamar Co., CO 38°12′25.08"N 102°31′43.92"W	USA - Lamar Co., CO 38°12′25.08"N 102°31′43.92"W			63.6	210	2005	Thyr	Supplier: Siemens; Combination of B2B HVDC & Grid Power Flow Controller (GPFC)
Three Gorges-Shanghai	China - Yidu 30°31′45"N 111°22′35"E	China - Shanghai Shanghai Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010... 31°14′13"N 121°11′13"E		900	500	3000	2006	Thyr	Supplier:ABB
Estlink Estlink Estlink is a set of HVDC submarine cables between Estonia and Finland. Estlink 1 is the first interconnection between the Baltic and Nordic electricity markets following by Estlink 2 in 2014...	Estonia - Harku 59°23′5"N 24°33′37"E	Finland - Espoo 60°12′14"N 24°33′06"E	105		150	350	2006	IGBT	Supplier:ABB
Higashi-Shimuzu Higashi-Shimuzu Frequency Converter Higashi-Shimizu Frequency Converter is the third facility in Japan for interconnecting the power grid of Eastern Japan, which is operated with 50 hertz to that of Western Japan, which is operated with 60 hertz.... B2B	Japan - Shimuzu 35°03′24"N 138°29′58"E	Japan - Shimuzu 35°03′24"N 138°29′58"E			125	300	2006	Thyr
Guizhou-Guangdong II GuG II	China - Xingren	China - Shenzhen 22°45′01"N 113°59′28"E		1225	500	3000	2007	Thyr	Supplier: Siemens Siemens Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG...
Neptune Cable Neptune Cable The Neptune Cable is a 500kV and 660 MW high-voltage direct current submarine power cable between Sayreville, New Jersey and Levittown, New York on Long Island. It carries 22 percent of Long Island's electricity....	USA - Long Island (Hicksville) NY 40°45′38"N 73°33′4"W	USA -Sayreville, NJ 40°28′25.38"N 74°21′11.1"W	105		500	660	2007	Thyr	Supplier:Siemens Siemens Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG...
Name	Converter station 1	Converter station 2	Cable (km)	Pole (km)	Volt (kV)	Power (MW)	Year	Type	Remarks	Ref
Sharyland B2B	USA - Mission, TX 26°10′01"N 98°19′25"W	USA - Mission, TX 26°10′01"N 98°19′25"W			21	150	2007	Thyr
Al Fadhili B2B	Saudi Arabia - Al Fadhili 26°54′3"N 49°21′3"E	Saudi Arabia - Al Fadhili 26°54′3"N 49°21′3"E				1800	2008	Thyr		http://85.91.240.105/netprint/PDFfinal/areva/44883_Systems-L5-GCCIA-1839-V1-EN_loRes.pdf
NorNed NorNed NorNed is a long HVDC submarine power cable between Feda in Norway and the seaport of Eemshaven in the Netherlands, which interconnects both countries' electricity grids. It is the longest submarine power cable in the world. Budgeted at €550 million, and completed at a cost of €600m, the...	Netherlands - Eemshaven 53°26′4"N 6°51′57"E	Norway - Feda 58°16′58"N 6°51′55"E	580		450	700	2008	Thyr	Supplier:ABB
Levis De-Icer Levis De-Icer The Levis De-Icer is a High voltage direct current system, aimed at de-icing multiple AC power lines in Quebec, Canada. It is the only HVDC system not used for power transmission....	Canada - Levis 46°42′34"N 71°11′29"W	Canada - Levis 46°42′34"N 71°11′29"W		27 to 242	±17.4	250	2008	Thyr	Facility for overhead powerline de-icing. Normal operation: SVC
HVDC Ballia-Bhiwadi	India - Ballia	India - Bhiwadi 28°11′0"N 76°48′58"E		780	500	2500	2009*	Thyr	Supplier: Siemens Siemens Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG...
Outaouais B2B	Canada - Outaouais 45°36′01"N 75°26′47"W	Canada - Outaouais 45°36′01"N 75°26′47"W			315	625 (2x)	2009	Thyr	Expected completion 2009. Supplier:ABB
Heihe B2B	China - Heihe 50°15′19"N 127°25′37"E	China - Heihe 50°15′19"N 127°25′37"W				750	2008	Thyr	http://www.nari-relays.com/en/files/HVDC%20Control%20and%20Protection%20Solutions.pdf
Gaoling B2B	China - Gaoling 40°10′49"N 120°00′22"E	China - Gaoling 40°10′49"N 120°00′22"E				1500	2008?	Thyr
SAPEI Sapei SAPEI, is a high-voltage direct current power transmission system that connects Sardinia with the Italian mainland. The submarine cable from Fiume Santo to Latina runs at below sea level in the Tyrrhenian Sea. It is the deepest submarine cable in the world. The cable is owned and operated by...	Italy - Latina 41°25′47"N 12°48′25"E	Italy - Fiume Santo 40°50′29"N 8°18′21"E	440		500	500	2009*	Thyr	Expected completion 2009-08. Supplier:ABB
NordE.ON 1 HVDC BorWin1 HVDC BorWin1 is the first HVDC facility in Germany, which is equipped with IGBT transistors. It is used for the power connection of the offshore wind park BARD Offshore 1 and other offshore wind farms in Germany near Borkum to the European power grid. The facility was built by ABB and can transfer...	Germany - Diele 53°7′31"N 7°18′33"E	Germany - Borkum 2 platform 54°21′15"N 6°01′30"E	203		150	400	2009	IGBT	Supplier:ABB
HVDC Valhall	Norway - Lista 58°04′37"N 6°46′29"E	Norway - Valhall, Offshore platform	292		150	78	2009	IGBT
Xiangjiaba - Shanghai	China - Fengxia http://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/BNetzA/Sachgebiete/Energie/VortraegeVeranstaltungen/WorkshopTechnoOptionenJuli2010/VortragGoernerPerspektivenHGUE_pdf.pdf;jsessionid=5CBA504BAB74598034B9CABE27079C0E?__blob=publicationFile 30°55′34"N 121°46′15"E	China - Fulonghttp://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/BNetzA/Sachgebiete/Energie/VortraegeVeranstaltungen/WorkshopTechnoOptionenJuli2010/VortragGoernerPerspektivenHGUE_pdf.pdf;jsessionid=5CBA504BAB74598034B9CABE27079C0E?__blob=publicationFile		2071	800	6400	2010*	Thyr	Expected completion 2010 monopole, 2011 for bipole. Supplier:ABB. Update: In operation as of July 2010 (see second reference)
Name	Converter station 1	Converter station 2	Cable (km)	Pole (km)	Volt (kV)	Power (MW)	Year	Type	Remarks	Ref
Yunnan - Guangdong	China - Yunnan province	China - Guangdong		1418	±800	5000	2010	Thyr	Supplier: Siemens Siemens Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG...
Ningxia - Tianjing	China - Ningxia	China - Tianjing				3000	2010	Thyr
Hulunbeir-Liaoning	China - Hulunbeir	China - Shenyang		920	±500	3000	2010	Thyr	Supplier: ABB ABB ABB or Abb may refer to:ABB Group, a Swiss-based high-tech engineering multinationalABB Grain, an Australian agribusiness*Abu Bakar Bashir, the leader of Indonesian Mujahideen Council...
BritNed BritNed BritNed is a high-voltage direct-current submarine power cable between the Isle of Grain in Kent, the United Kingdom, and Maasvlakte in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.-History:...	UK - Grain 51°26′24"N 0°43′0"E	Netherlands - Maasvlakte 51°57′23"N 4°1′17"E	245		450	1000	2010*	Thyr	Operational since April 2011. Supplier:Siemens Siemens Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG...
StoreBaelt Storebælt HVDC The Great Belt Power Link is a high voltage direct current interconnection across the Great Belt between Funen and Zealand connecting two power transmission systems in Denmark.-History:...	Denmark- Fraugde 55°21′56"N 10°30′14"E	Denmark- Herslev ~55°32′N 11°19′E	56		400	600	2010*	Thyr	Expected completion 2010. Supplier:Siemens Siemens Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG...
Trans Bay Cable Trans Bay Cable The Trans Bay Cable is a high-voltage direct current underwater power line between San Francisco, California and Pittsburg, California. The cable under San Francisco Bay and through the Carquinez Strait can transmit 400 megawatts of power, enough to provide 40% of San Francisco's peak power needs...	USA - Pittsburg, CA 38°01′5.04"N 121°51′2.7"W	USA - San Francisco, CA 37°45′8.76"N 122°22′57.9"W	85		200	400	2010	IGBT	Supplier: Siemens & Pirelli;
Caprivi Link	Namibia - Gerus 20°18′53"S 16°27′9"E	Namibia - Zambezi 17°30′6"S 24°13′20"E	970		350	300	2010	IGBT
North Shaanxi - Shandong	China	China				3000	2011	Thyr
Shandong - East B2B	China	China				1200	2011	Thyr
Melo B2B	Uruguay - Melo 32°23′03"S 54°09′35"W	Uruguay - Melo 32°23′03"S 54°09′35"W			?	500	2011	Thyr	Supplier:Areva
Cometa	Spain - Morvedre 39°38′28"N 0°14′7"W	Spain - Santa Ponsa Santa Ponsa Santa Ponsa is a holiday resort in the south-west of Majorca. Located in the municipality of Calvià, it is 18 kilometres from the capital Palma.- History :... 39°32′2"N 2°30′21"E	247		250	400	2011*	Thyr	Expected completion 2011. Supplier: Siemens Siemens Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG... (PRYSMIAN/NEXANS)
Fenno-Skan Fenno-Skan Fenno–Skan is the designation of the high voltage direct current transmission between Dannebo in Sweden and Rauma in Finland.-History:Fenno–Skan was inaugurated in 1989. Taken into commercial operation in November 1989, Fenno–Skan was the longest submarine power cable in the world... 2	Finland - Rauma 61°09′07"N 21°37′32"E	Sweden - Finnbole 60°25′30"N 17°3′42"E	200	103	500	800	2011	Thyr
Sumatera - Jawa	Indonesia - Jawa	Indonesia - Sumatera	700		500	3000	2011*	Thyr	Expected completion 2011. Supplier:?
Jindo - Jeju	Korea- Jeju	Korea - Jindo		119	250	200 (2x)	2011*	Thyr	Expected completion 2011 Supplier:?
Name	Converter station 1	Converter station 2	Cable (km)	Pole (km)	Volt (kV)	Power (MW)	Year	Type	Remarks	Ref
Jinping - East China	China	China			±800	6400	2012	Thyr
North - Central B2B	China	China				1000	2012	Thyr
Biswanath- Agra	India - Biswanath Biswanath Chariali Biswanath Chariali is a town and a town area committee in Sonitpur district in the state of Assam, India.- Demographics :As of 2001 India census, Biswanath Chariali had a population of 16,830. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%...	India - Agra Agra Agra a.k.a. Akbarabad is a city on the banks of the river Yamuna in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India, west of state capital, Lucknow and south from national capital New Delhi. With a population of 1,686,976 , it is one of the most populous cities in Uttar Pradesh and the 19th most...		1825	800	6000	2012*	Thyr	Expected completion 2011-2012 bipole
HVDC BorWin2	Germany - Diele	Germany - BorWin Beta platform	200		300	800	2012	IGBT		http://www.tennettso.de/pages/tennettso_de/Aufgaben/Offshore/Unsere_Projekte/BorWin2/index.htm
HVDC Inter-Island HVDC Inter-Island The HVDC Inter-Island link is a high-capacity, bipolar high-voltage direct current transmission system connecting the electricity transmission networks of New Zealand's two main islands to form the National Grid. The HVDC link is owned and operated by state-owned transmission company Transpower... 3	New Zealand - Benmore 44°33′55"S 170°11′24"E	New Zealand - Haywards 41°9′1"S 174°58′52"E	40	570	350	700	2012	Thyr	Under construction - new pole to replace Pole 1 and operate in bipole configuration with Pole 2. Will use Pole 1 lines and cables.
East West Interconnector East West Interconnector The East–West Interconnector is a high-voltage direct current submarine and subsoil power cable project, currently under construction, for connecting the UK and Irish electricity markets...	Ireland - Woodland 53°28′28"N 6°34′8"W	UK - Shotton, Wales 53°13′38"N 3°4′22"W	130			500	2012		Planned completion 2012. 2 alternative plans under consideration.
Jinhong - Thailand	China	Thailand				3000	2013	Thyr
Ridgefield B2B ( Hudson Project Hudson Project The Hudson Project is a 345 kV AC powerline under construction for the power supply of New York City.-Overview:It consists of a HVDC back-to-back station with a transmission rate of 660 MW at 1 Railroad Avenue in Ridgefield, New Jersey, which will be connected by a 220 kV line with the nearby... )	USA - Ridgefield, New Jersey 40°49′56"N 74°00′44"W	USA - Ridgefield, New Jersey 40°49′56"N 74°00′44"W			?	660	2013	Thyr
Akhaltsikhe Black Sea Transmission Network The Black Sea Transmission Network is a project for electric power transmission from Georgia to Turkey.-Technical description:The project foresees a rehabilitation and expansion of the existing transmission system. An overhead transmission line with a total length of will be built from the... B2B	Georgia - Akhaltsikhe 41°38′58"N 42°59′13"E	Georgie - Akhaltsikhe 41°38′58"N 42°59′13"E			96	700	2013	Thyr		http://www.energy.siemens.com/us/pool/hq/power-transmission/HVDC/HVDC-Classic/pm-pdf/EPT201008116e.pdf
HVDC DolWin1 HVDC DolWin1 HVDC DolWin1 is an HVDC link under construction, which should connect the Borkum-West II offshore wind park with the power grid of the German mainland...	Germany - Heede 52°58′52"N 7°15′26"E	Germany - DolWin Alpha platform	165		320	800	2013	IGBT	Supplier:ABB	http://www.abb.com/industries/ap/db0003db004333/8b74a5fe4cc03e44c125777c003f3203.aspx
HVDC HelWin1 HVDC HelWin1 HVDC HelWin1 is a planned HVDC link, which should connect the offshore wind park Northsea East with the power grid of the German mainland. The link will consist of a 130 kilometres long bipolar cable, from which 45 kilometres will be laid on land underground....	Germany - Büttel 53°55′01"N 9°13′55"E	Germany - HelWin Alpha platform	130		250	576	2013	IGBT		http://www.tennettso.de/pages/tennettso_en/Press/Press_releases/News/Pressemitteilung.htm?id=1441603
Xiluodo - Hunan	China	China			±800	6400	2014	Thyr
HVDC SylWin1	Germany - Büttel 53°55′01"N 9°13′55"E	Germany - SylWin Alpha platform	205		320	864	2014	IGBT		http://www.tennettso.de/pages/tennettso_de/Aufgaben/Offshore/Unsere_Projekte/Sylwin1/index.htm
Estlink Estlink Estlink is a set of HVDC submarine cables between Estonia and Finland. Estlink 1 is the first interconnection between the Baltic and Nordic electricity markets following by Estlink 2 in 2014... 2	Estonia - Püssi 59°22′02"N 27°03′50"E	Finland - Anttila 60°22′40"N 25°22′11"E	157	14	450	650	2014	Thy
HVDC Ekibastuz-Centre	Kazhakstan - Ekibastus	Russia-Tambov		2400	750	6000	?	Thyr	unfinished
SydVästlänken SydVästlänken SydVästlänken is a project for reinforcement of power grids in Southern Sweden and Oslo area in Norway. The project to be implemented by Swedish and Norwegian national grids operators Svenska Kraftnät and Statnett.-Aim:...	Sweden–Hallsberg Norway–Oslo Oslo Oslo is a municipality, as well as the capital and most populous city in Norway. As a municipality , it was established on 1 January 1838. Founded around 1048 by King Harald III of Norway, the city was largely destroyed by fire in 1624. The city was moved under the reign of Denmark–Norway's King...	Sweden - Hurva			400	1200	2013- 2015	IGBT
Humeng - Shandong	China	China			±800	6400	2015	Thyr
Xiluodo - Hanzhou	China	China			±800	6400	2015	Thyr
Irkutsk - Beijing	Russia - Irkutsk	China - Beijing			±800	6400	2015	Thyr
Nuozhadu - Guangdong	China	China			±800	6400	2015	Thyr
HVDC NordBalt	Sweden - Nybro 56°46′1"N 15°51′35"E	Lithuania - Klapeida 55°40′54"N 21°15′29"E	450		300	700	2015	IGBT	Supplier:ABB	http://www.abb.com/industries/ap/db0003db004333/f23761b848a72638c12577f8007863b2.aspx
Jinsha River II - East China	China	China			±800	6400	2016	Thyr
Goupitan - Guangdong	China	China				3000	2016	Thyr
Humeng - Liaoning	China	China			±800	6400	2018	Thyr
Hami - Central China	China	China			±800	6400	2018	Thyr
Jinsha River II - Fujian	China	China			±800	6400	2018	Thyr
Humeng - Liaoning	China	China			±800	6400	2018	Thyr
Tres Amigas SuperStation	USA - Clovis, New Mexico	USA - Clovis, New Mexico			?	5000	?	IGBT
Name	Converter station 1	Converter station 2	Cable (km)	Pole (km)	Volt (kV)	Power (MW)	Year	Type	Remarks	Ref
Bakun HVDC	Malaysia - Similajau	Malaysia - Bentong	670	1030	500	?	?	Thyr	unfinished
Labrador-Island Transmission Link	Canada - Gull Island Gull Island Gull Island may refer to:In Australia:* Gull Island In Canada:* Gull Island, Labrador, Newfoundland and Labrador* Gull Island, Newfoundland, Newfoundland and Labrador* Gull Island , Ontario... , Labrador Labrador Labrador is the distinct, northerly region of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It comprises the mainland portion of the province, separated from the island of Newfoundland by the Strait of Belle Isle... 52°58′28.6"N 61°23′43.1"W	Canada - Soldiers Pond, Newfoundland 47°25′01.2"N 52°58′38.8"W	36	1167	450	800	?		Design
Shanghai-Shensi	Shanghai, China	Shensi, China			±50	?	?	Thyr	http://www.nari-relays.com/en/files/HVDC%20Control%20and%20Protection%20Solutions.pdf
Maritime Transmission Link	Canada - Bottom Brook, Newfoundland	Canada - Cape Breton, Nova Scotia Nova Scotia Nova Scotia is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the most populous province in Atlantic Canada. The name of the province is Latin for "New Scotland," but "Nova Scotia" is the recognized, English-language name of the province. The provincial capital is Halifax. Nova Scotia is the...	180		?	500	?

Europe

Iceland – UK (option), 1.1 GW
Moyle
HVDC Moyle
The HVDC Moyle is the HVDC link between Auchencrosh, South Ayrshire in Scotland and Ballycronan More, County Antrim in Northern Ireland, which went into service in 2001. It is owned and operated by Mutual Energy....

: Auchencrosh, UK – Ballycronan More, Northern Ireland, UK
Norway – UK (option), 1.2 GW
Viking cable (option): Germany – Norway, 600 MW
Kattegat (option): Norway – Zealand Island, Denmark; or Norway – southern Sweden
Fenno-Skan
Fenno-Skan
Fenno–Skan is the designation of the high voltage direct current transmission between Dannebo in Sweden and Rauma in Finland.-History:Fenno–Skan was inaugurated in 1989. Taken into commercial operation in November 1989, Fenno–Skan was the longest submarine power cable in the world...

: Rauma, Finland – Dannebo, Sweden
Vyborg
Vyborg HVDC-back-to-back station
The Vyborg HVDC scheme is a system of electricity transmission from the Russian power system to Finland.-History:The 400 kV electricity transmission from Russia to Finland started in 1982. As the Russian and Finnish power systems are de-synchronized, a HVDC-back-to-back station was needed...
Estlink
Estlink
Estlink is a set of HVDC submarine cables between Estonia and Finland. Estlink 1 is the first interconnection between the Baltic and Nordic electricity markets following by Estlink 2 in 2014...

: Harku, Estonia – Espoo, Finland
NorNed
NorNed
NorNed is a long HVDC submarine power cable between Feda in Norway and the seaport of Eemshaven in the Netherlands, which interconnects both countries' electricity grids. It is the longest submarine power cable in the world. Budgeted at €550 million, and completed at a cost of €600m, the...

: Feda, Norway – Eemshaven, Netherlands
Cross-Skagerak
Cross-Skagerak
Cross-Skagerrak is the name of an high-voltage direct current transmission facility between Tjele and Kristiansand . It is owned and operated by Statnett in Norway, and Energinet.dk in Denmark.-Technical features:...

1, 2, and 3: Tjele, Denmark – Kristiansand, Norway
Konti-Skan
Konti-Skan
Konti–Skan is the name of high-voltage direct-current transmission line between Denmark and Sweden.-Technical description:...

1 and 2: VesterHassing, Denmark – Stenkullen, Sweden
Gotland
HVDC Gotland
The HVDC Gotland, on the Swedish east coast, was the first fully commercial static plant for high voltage direct current transmission in the world. The first HVDC Gotland link went into service in 1954. It could transfer 20 megawatts over a 98-kilometer-long submarine cable between Västervik on...

: Västervik, Sweden – Yigne, Sweden
NordE.ON 1: Diele, Germany – Borkum 2 platform
Alpha ventus
Alpha ventus is Germany's first offshore wind farm. It is situated in the North Sea north of the island of Borkum.-History:...

, Germany
StoreBaelt
Storebælt HVDC
The Great Belt Power Link is a high voltage direct current interconnection across the Great Belt between Funen and Zealand connecting two power transmission systems in Denmark.-History:...

: Fyn Island, Sjælland, Denmark – Zealand Island, Denmark
(purposely left blank)
SwePol
Swepol
SwePol is a -long monopolar high-voltage direct current submarine cable between the Stärnö peninsula near Karlshamn, Sweden, and Bruskowo Wielkie, near Słupsk, Poland....

: Stärnö, Sweden – Słupsk, Poland
Baltic-Cable: Lübeck- Herrenwyk, Germany – Kruseberg, Sweden
Kontek
Kontek
The Kontek is a 170 kilometer long, monopolar 400kV DC-cable for the interconnection of the German power grid with the electricity grid of the Danish island Sealand. The name comes from "continent" and the name of the former Danish power transmission company "Elkraft", which operated the power grid...

: Bjaeverskov, Denmark – Bentwisch
Bentwisch
Bentwisch is a municipality in the Rostock district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany, to the east of Rostock. The village has 2.455 inhabitants and covers 14.74 square kilometres...

, Germany
East West Interconnector
East West Interconnector
The East–West Interconnector is a high-voltage direct current submarine and subsoil power cable project, currently under construction, for connecting the UK and Irish electricity markets...

: Leinster, Ireland – Anglesey, Wales, UK. Expected completion 2012.
BritNed
BritNed
BritNed is a high-voltage direct-current submarine power cable between the Isle of Grain in Kent, the United Kingdom, and Maasvlakte in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.-History:...

: UK – Netherlands. Operational since April 2011.
HVDC Cross-Channel
HVDC Cross-Channel
The HVDC Cross-Channel is the high voltage direct current connection that operates under the English Channel between the continental European and British electricity grids.-1961 cable:...

: Les Mandarins, France – Sellindge
Sellindge
Sellindge is a civil parish and village on the A20 road between Ashford and Folkestone in Kent, South East England. Sellindge is part of North Downs West Ward of Shepway District Council but part of the Elham ward of Kent County Council....

, UK
HVDC Italy-Corsica-Sardinia
HVDC Italy-Corsica-Sardinia
The HVDC Italy–Corsica–Sardinia is used for the exchange of electric energy between the static inverter plant Suvereto on the Italian mainland, the static inverter plant Lucciana on Corsica and the static inverter plant Codrongianos on Sardinia.First used in 1965 as mono-polar line, today this...

: "SACOI" – Codrongianos, Sardinia, Italy – Lucciana, Corsica, France – Suvereto, Italy (mainland)
Sapei, Sardinia – Italian mainland
Cometa: Valencia, Spain – Mallorca
Mallorca
Majorca or Mallorca is an island located in the Mediterranean Sea, one of the Balearic Islands.The capital of the island, Palma, is also the capital of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands. The Cabrera Archipelago is administratively grouped with Majorca...

, Spain

25 — 28 EuroMed options:
Algeria – Spain
Algeria – Sardinia
Tunis – Sicily
Tripoli – Sicily
HVDC Italy-Greece
HVDC Italy-Greece
The HVDC Italy–Greece is a monopolar submarine power cable link between Italy and Greece with a maximum transmission power of 500 megawatts. It went in service in 2001. The HVDC Italy-Greece begins in the static inverter plant Galatina situated at in Italy and is implemented in its first as...

: Arachthos, Greece – Galatina, Italy

Type key

List

Europe

See also