This is a list of historical separatist

Separatism

Separatism is the advocacy of a state of cultural, ethnic, tribal, religious, racial, governmental or gender separation from the larger group. While it often refers to full political secession, separatist groups may seek nothing more than greater autonomy...

 movements around the world. Separatism includes autonomism

Autonomism

Autonomism refers to a set of left-wing political and social movements and theories close to the socialist movement. As an identifiable theoretical system it first emerged in Italy in the 1960s from workerist communism...

 and secessionism. Most separatist movements do not succeed in their goal, therefore only notable ones are listed here; however, not all listed here succeeded in their goal.

Algeria

(gained independence from France

France

The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

 on July 5, 1962)

• Political party: Algerian National Movement
  Algerian National Movement
  The Algerian National Movement was an organization founded to counteract the efforts of the Front de Libération Nationale . It was supported and, some say, partly financed by the French who used it to validate the claim that the FLN was not the sole representative of Algerian desires.It was...
  
   (MNA)
• Rebel organization: Front de Libération Nationale
  National Liberation Front (Algeria)
  The National Liberation Front is a socialist political party in Algeria. It was set up on November 1, 1954 as a merger of other smaller groups, to obtain independence for Algeria from France.- Anticolonial struggle :...
  
   (FLN)
• Parallel government: Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic
  Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic
  The Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic was the government-in-exile of the Algerian Front de Libération Nationale during the latter part of the Algerian War of Independence .- Creation and purpose :The GPRA was set up in Cairo, Egypt, by the FLN on September 19, 1958, four years...
  
   (GPRA)

Angola

• Political party: Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola
  Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola
  The People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola - Labour Party is a political party that has ruled Angola since the country's independence from Portugal in 1975...
  
   (MPLA), National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), National Front for the Liberation of Angola (FNLA)
• Parallel government: Revolutionary Government of Angola in Exile
  Revolutionary Government of Angola in Exile
  The Revolutionary Government of Angola in Exile was a government-in-exile led by the National Liberation Front of Angola , based in Kinshasa, Congo-Kinshasa. Holden Roberto was the president of GRAE. GRAE was founded in April 1962...
  
   (GRAE)

Botswana

• Political party: Botswana Democratic Party
  Botswana Democratic Party
  The Botswana Democratic Party is the governing conservative party in Botswana. Its chairman is Daniel Kwelagobe.BDP was shaped by Sir Seretse Khama, who is celebrated for nurturing the economic and political success of Botswana. The party's base is in the traditional Setswana communities, and it...
  
   (BDP), Botswana People's Party
  Botswana People's Party
  The Botswana People’s Party is a progressive political party in Botswana, led by Bernard Balikani. BPP is the first political movement in Botswana having being formed in 1960. At the last general election, the party won no seats.-History:...
  
   (BPP)

Cameroon

• Political party: Rassemblement camerounais (RACAM), Union of the Peoples of Cameroon
  Union of the Peoples of Cameroon
  The Union of the Peoples of Cameroon is a political party in Cameroon.-History:UPC was founded on April 10, 1948, at a meeting in the bar Chez Sierra in Bassa. 12 men assisted the founding meeting, including Charles Assalé, Léonard Bouli, and Guillaume Bagal. The majority of the participants were...
  
   (UPC)
• Rebel organizations: National Liberation Army of Kamerun (ALNK)

Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau

• Political party: African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde
  African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde
  The African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde or PAIGC is a political party that governed Guinea-Bissau from the independence of the then Portuguese Guinea in 1974, until the late 1990s, and from 2004 to 2005. Currently it is the party with the largest number of seats in the...
  
   (PAIGC), Struggle Front for the National Independence of Guinea
  Struggle Front for the National Independence of Guinea
  The Struggle Front for the National Independence of Guinea is a political movement in Guinea-Bissau. FLING was founded in 1962 in Dakar by sections that opposed the Marxist doctrine of Amílcar Cabral and the PAIGC. FLING participated in the national liberation struggle against the Portuguese...
  
   (FLING)

Central African Republic

• Political party: Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa (MÉSAN)

Democratic Republic of the Congo

• Political party: Mouvement National Congolais
  Mouvement National Congolais
  The Mouvement National Congolais is a political party in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.-History:The party was founded in 1958 as a nationalist, pro-independence group in the Belgian Congo...
  
   (MNC), ABAKO
  ABAKO
  ABAKO or Alliance des Bakongo was a cultural and political organization, headed by Joseph Kasa-Vubu, which emerged in the late 1950s as vocal opponent of Belgian colonial rule in what today is the Democratic Republic of the Congo...
  
  

Eritrea

• Rebel organization: Eritrean Liberation Front
  Eritrean Liberation Front
  The Eritrean Liberation Front was the main independence movement in Eritrea which sought Eritrea's independence from Ethiopia during the 1960s and 1970s. In the very late 1950s unorganized political movement seeking independence was secretly active as small cells...
  
   (ELF), Eritrean People's Liberation Front
  Eritrean People's Liberation Front
  The Eritrean People's Liberation Front was an armed organization that fought for the independence of Eritrea from Ethiopia. It emerged in 1970 as an intellectual left-wing group that split from the Eritrean Liberation Front .-Background:...
  
   (EPLF)

France

• Réunion
  Réunion
  Réunion is a French island with a population of about 800,000 located in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar, about south west of Mauritius, the nearest island.Administratively, Réunion is one of the overseas departments of France...
  
  

Autonomist movement

• Political party: Communist Party of Réunion
  Communist Party of Réunion
  The Communist Party of Réunion is a Communist political party in the French overseas department of Réunion . The party has one seat in the French National Assembly.-History:...
  
   (still exists but has abandoned its goal of autonomism)

Ghana

• Political party: Convention People's Party
  Convention People's Party
  The Convention People's Party is a socialist political party in Ghana, based on the ideas of former President Kwame Nkrumah.The CPP was formed in 1949 by Kwame Nkrumah to campaign for the independence of the Gold Coast. It ruled Ghana from 1957 to 1966...
  
   (CPP), United Gold Coast Convention
  United Gold Coast Convention
  The United Gold Coast Convention was a political party whose aim was to bring about Ghanaian independence from British rule after the Second World War....
  
   (UGCC)
• Self-government experiment: Fante Confederation

Katanga

• Political party: Confederation of the Tribal Associations of Katanga (CONAKAT)

Kenya

• Political party: East Africa Association, Kenya African National Union
  Kenya African National Union
  The Kenya African National Union, better known as KANU is a political party which ruled Kenya for nearly 40 years after its independence from British colonial rule in 1963, until its electoral loss at the end of 2002...
  
   (KANU), Kikuyu Central Association
  Kikuyu Central Association
  The Kikuyu Central Association , led by James Beauttah and Joseph Kang'ethe, was a political organisation in colonial Kenya formed in 1924/5 to act on behalf of the Kĩkũyũ community by presenting their concerns to the British government. One of its greatest grievances was the expropriation of the...
  
  , Young Kikuyu Association
  Young Kikuyu Association
  The Young Kikuyu Association was formed in Kenya on the 10th June 1921, as a break away organisation from the Kikuyu Association . In July 1921 it was renamed the East Africa Association ....
  
  
• Rebel organization: Mau Mau

Mauritius

• Political party: Mauritius Labour Party (MLP), Mauritian Militant Movement
  Mauritian Militant Movement
  The Mouvement Militant Mauricien is a socialist political party in Mauritius. The party was formed by a group of students in the late 1960s. The MMM is currently led by Paul Bérenger....
  
   (MMM)

Morocco

• Political party: Istiqlal Party
  Istiqlal Party
  The Istiqlal or Independence Party is a political party in Morocco...
  
  , National Action Bloc
• Secessionist entity: Rif Republic
  Rif Republic
  The Republic of the Rif , was created in September 1921, when the people of the Rif revolted and declared their independence from Spanish occupation as well as from the Moroccan sultan.Its capital city was Ajdir, its currency the Rif Republic Riffan, its national...
  
  

Namibia

• Political party: South-West Africa People's Organisation
  South-West Africa People's Organisation
  The South West Africa People's Organization is a political party and former liberation movement in Namibia. It has been the governing party in Namibia since achieving independence in 1990...
  
   (SWAPO), South West Africa National Union (SWANU)
• Rebel organizations: People's Liberation Army of Namibia
  People's Liberation Army of Namibia
  The People's Liberation Army of Namibia was the active military wing of the South West Africa People's Organization during the Namibian War of Independence. It sought independence for the territory from South African rule. PLAN launched its first attack on the South African military at...
  
   (PLAN)

Nigeria

• Political party: Nigerian National Democratic Party
  Nigerian National Democratic Party
  The Nigerian National Democratic Party , was Nigeria's first political party.Formed in 1923 by Herbert Macaulay to take advantage of the new Clifford Constitution, the NNDP successfully organized various Yoruba interest groups into a single group that was able to compete politically...
  
   (NNDP), National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons
  National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons
  National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons , was a Nigerian political party from 1944 to 1966. The name included 'Cameroons' because Cameroon had become an administrative part of Nigeria in 1945. Cameroon had been a colonial territory of Germany...
  
   (NCNC), Action Group
  Action Group (Nigeria)
  Action Group was a Nigerian political party established in Ibadan on March 21, 1951, by the Ègbe Ọmọ Odùduwà led by Chief Obafemi Awolowo. The party was founded to serve as the platform for realizing his primary objective of mobilising the Yorùbá into one political umbrella...
  
  , Egbe Omo Oduduwa
  Egbe Omo Oduduwa
  Egbé Ọmọ Odùduwà, was a Nigerian political organization established in 1945, when Chief Obafemi Awolowo along with Dr. Oni Akerele, Chief Akintola Williams, Professor Saburi Biobaku, Chief Abiodun Akinrele, Chief Ayo Rosiji and others, met in London....
  
  , Northern People's Congress
  Northern People's Congress
  Northern People's Congress is a political party in Nigeria. Formed in June 1949, the party held considerable influence in the Northern Region from the 1950s until the military coup of 1966....
  
  
• Secessionist entity: Republic of Biafra

São Tomé and Príncipe

• Political party: Committee for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe (CLSTP), Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe
  Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe
  The Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe/Social Democratic Party or Movimento de Libertação de São Tomé e Príncipe/Partido Social Democrata, in Portuguese, is one of the main political parties in São Tomé and Príncipe...
  
   (MLSTP)

Seychelles

• Political party: Seychelles Democratic Party
  Seychelles Democratic Party
  The Seychelles Democratic Party is a political party in Seychelles. It was founded by Sir James Mancham in 1964, and governed the country from 1976 to 1977. After a time in exile in the United Kingdom, Mancham returned to the islands following the Seychelles' transition to democracy in 1993. He has...
  
   (SDP), Seychelles People's United Party (SPUP)

Sierra Leone

• Political party: Sierra Leone People's Party
  Sierra Leone People's Party
  Sierra Leone People's Party is one of the two major political parties in Sierra Leone, along with the All People's Congress .-Formation:...
  
   (SLPP), West African Youth League
  West African Youth League
  The West African Youth League was a political organisation founded by I. T. A. Wallace-Johnson in June 1935. The group was a major political force against the colonial government in West Africa, especially in the Gold Coast and Sierra Leone....
  
   (WAYL)

Sudan

• Political party: Democratic Unionist Party
  Democratic Unionist Party (Sudan)
  The Democratic Unionist Party is the oldest political party in Sudan.Sudan's first President Ismail al-Azhari was a member of the party when it was known as the National Unionist Party...
  
   (DUP), Sudanese Communist Party
  Sudanese Communist Party
  The Sudanese Communist Party is a Communist political party in the Republic of Sudan. Founded in 1946, it was a major force in Sudanese politics until 1971, when military ruler Gaafar al-Nimeiry launched a wave of repression against the party after a failed coup implicated...
  
  , Umma Party
  Umma Party (Sudan)
  The National Umma Party Sudan is an Islamic centrist political party in Sudan.-Foundation:In August 1944 Sayyid Abd al-Rahman al-Mahdi, leader of the Ansar, met with senior Congress members and tribal leaders to discuss formation of a pro-independence political party that was not associated with...
  
  

Tanganyika

• Political party: Tanganyika African Association
  Tanganyika African Association
  The Tanganyika African Association was a Tanganyikan political association, formed in 1929. It was founded by civil servants including Ali Saidi, members of an earlier association called the Tanganyika Territory African Civil Service association. It was transformed into the Tanganyika African...
  
  , Tanganyika African National Union
  Tanganyika African National Union
  The Tanganyika African National Union was the principal political party in the struggle for sovereignty in the East African state of Tanganyika . The party was formed from the Tanganyika African Association by Julius Nyerere in July 1954 when he was teaching at St. Francis' College...
  
  

Uganda

• Political party: Rwenzururu Secessionist Movement, Uganda People's Congress
  Uganda People's Congress
  The Uganda People's Congress is a political party in Uganda.Uganda People's Congress was founded in 1960 by Milton Obote, who led the country to Independence and later served two presidential terms under the party's banner...
  
   (UPC)

Zambia

• Political party: Northern Rhodesian African National Congress
  Northern Rhodesian African National Congress
  Northern Rhodesian African National Congress was a political party in Zambia. It was formed in 1948, as the Northern Rhodesia Congress , and Godwin Lewanika, a Barotseland native from an aristocratic background, became the first president. It was the first African political party in the country...
  
  , United National Independence Party
  United National Independence Party
  The United National Independence Party is a political party in Zambia. It governed that country from 1964 to 1991 under the presidency of Kenneth Kaunda....
  
   (UNIP), Zambian African National Congress
  Zambian African National Congress
  The Zambian African National Congress was a political organisation dedicated to promoting the rights of black people in Zambia. ZANC was formed in 1958, following a split from the Northern Rhodesian African National Congress. The president of ZANC was Kenneth Kaunda. In 1959 the party was banned...
  
   (ZANC)

Zanzibar

• Political party: Afro-Shirazi Party
  Afro-Shirazi Party
  The Afro-Shirazi Party was the union between the mostly Shiraz Party and the mostly African Afro Party in the island of Zanzibar. The formation of ASP led to the ouster of the Arabs from power with the Zanzibar Revolution in 1964. The party joined with the Tanganyika African National Union to...
  
   (ASP), Zanzibar Nationalist Party
  Zanzibar Nationalist Party
  The Zanzibar Nationalist Party was a nationalist, Arab-dominated political party in Zanzibar. The ZNP, in a coalition with the African-dominated Zanzibar and Pemba People's Party , governed the island from 1961 to 1964....
  
   (ZNP)

Zimbabwe

• Political party: Zimbabwe African National Union
  Zimbabwe African National Union
  The Zimbabwe African National Union was a militant organization that fought against the standing government in Rhodesia, formed as a split from the Zimbabwe African People's Union...
  
   (ZANU), Zimbabwe African People's Union
  Zimbabwe African People's Union
  The Zimbabwe African People's Union was a militant organization and political party that fought for the national liberation of Zimbabwe from its founding in 1961 until it merged with the Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front in December 1987....
  
   (ZAPU)
• Rebel organizations: Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army
  Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army
  Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army was the military wing of the Zimbabwe African National Union, a militant African nationalist organization, and participated in the Rhodesian Bush War against Republican Rule in Rhodesia....
  
   (ZANLA), Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA)

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

Bangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south...

 

• Political party: Bangladesh Awami League
  Bangladesh Awami League
  The Bangladesh Awami League , commonly known as the Awami League, is the mainstream center-left, secular political party in Bangladesh...
  
  
• Rebel organization: Mukti Bahini
  Mukti Bahini
  Mukti Bahini , also termed as the "Freedom Fighters" or FFs, collectively refers to the armed organizations who fought against the Pakistan Army during the Bangladesh Liberation War. It was dynamically formed by Bengali regulars and civilians after the proclamation of Bangladesh's independence on...
  
  
  • Status: Resulted in independence of Bangladesh
    Bangladesh
    Bangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south...
    
     in 1971.

• Chakma people
  Chakma people
  The Chakmas , also known as the Changhma , are a community that inhabits the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh and the North-East India. The Chakmas are the largest ethnic group in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, making up more than half the tribal population. Chakmas are divided into 46 clans or...
  
  , Chittagong Hill Tracts
  Chittagong Hill Tracts
  The Chittagong Hill Tracts comprise an area of 13,295 km2 in south-eastern Bangladesh, and borders India and Myanmar . It was a single district of Bangladesh until 1984. In that year it was divided into three separate districts: Khagrachari, Rangamati and Bandarban. Topographically, this is the...
  
  
  • Political party: Parbatya Chattagram Jana Sanghati Samiti, or Chittagong Hill Tribal People's Coordination Association
  • Proposed state: Confederacy of Chittagong
  • Status: Inactive following the 1996 peace treaty between the Government of Bangladesh and the tribal leaders.

• Hindu
  Hindu
  Hindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion...
  
   people, south-western Bangladesh
  Bangladesh
  Bangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south...
  
  
  • Political party: Swadhin Bangabhumi Andolan
  • Proposed State: Bangabhumi
    Bangabhumi
    Bangabhumi also known as Bir Bango , is a separatist movement to create a Hindu country using southwestern Bangladesh, envisioned by politicians from West Bengal, India and Banga Sena of Hindu of West Bengal.The movement was founded in 1973 in India soon after Bangladeshi independence to support...
    
    

Burma

• Political party: Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
  Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
  The Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League , or hpa hsa pa la by its Burmese acronym, was the main political party in Burma from 1945 until 1962...
  
  , Dobama Asiayone, Communist Party of Burma
  Communist Party of Burma
  The Communist Party of Burma is the oldest existing political party in Burma. The party is unrecognised by the Burmese authorities, rendering it illegal; so it operates in a clandestine manner, often associating with insurgent armies along the border of People's Republic of China...
  
  
• Rebel organization: Burma Independence Army

India

• Political party: All India Forward Bloc
  All India Forward Bloc
  The All India Forward Bloc is a leftwing nationalist political party in India. It emerged as a faction within the Indian National Congress in 1939, led by Subhas Chandra Bose. The party re-established as an independent political party after the independence of India...
  
  , Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
  Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
  Hindustan Socialist Republican Association was a revolutionary organisation established in 1928 at Feroz Shah Kotla New Delhi by Chandrasekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and others...
  
  , Indian National Congress
  Indian National Congress
  The Indian National Congress is one of the two major political parties in India, the other being the Bharatiya Janata Party. It is the largest and one of the oldest democratic political parties in the world. The party's modern liberal platform is largely considered center-left in the Indian...
  
  , Communist Party of India
  Communist Party of India
  The Communist Party of India is a national political party in India. In the Indian communist movement, there are different views on exactly when the Indian communist party was founded. The date maintained as the foundation day by CPI is 26 December 1925...
  
  , Swaraj Party
  Swaraj Party
  The Swaraj Party, Swarajaya Party or Swarajya Party, established as the Congress-Khilafat Swarajaya Party, was a political party formed in India in 1922 that sought greater self-government and political freedoms for the Indian people from the British Raj. It was inspired by the concept of Swaraj...
  
  , Ghadar Party
  Ghadar Party
  The Ghadar Party was an organization founded by Punjabi Indians, in the United States and Canada with the aim to liberate India from British rule...
  
  
• Parallel government: Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind
• Rebel organization: Indian National Army
  Indian National Army
  The Indian National Army or Azad Hind Fauj was an armed force formed by Indian nationalists in 1942 in Southeast Asia during World War II. The aim of the army was to overthrow the British Raj in colonial India, with Japanese assistance...
  
  

Indonesia

• Political party: Communist Party of Indonesia
  Communist Party of Indonesia
  The Communist Party of Indonesia was the largest non-ruling communist party in the world prior to being crushed in 1965 and banned the following year.-Forerunners:...
  
  , Nationalist Party of Indonesia
• Rebel organization: Free Aceh Movement
  Free Aceh Movement
  The Free Aceh Movement , also known as the Aceh Sumatra National Liberation Front , was a separatist group seeking independence for the Aceh region of Sumatra from Indonesia. GAM fought against Indonesian government forces in the Aceh Insurgency from 1976 to 2005, costing over 15,000 lives...
  
  
• Secessionist entity: Republic of West Papua
  Republic of West Papua
  The Republic of West Papua is a proposed but unrecognised separatist state in the Western New Guinea region that was unilaterally declared during the temporary United Nations administration of the region in 1963. There are few organizations that fight for West Papuan independence. One of them is...
  
  

Korea

• Protest movement: March 1st Movement
  March 1st Movement
  The March 1st Movement, or Samil Movement, was one of the earliest public displays of Korean resistance during the occupation of the Korean Empire by Japan. The name refers to an event that occurred on March 1, 1919, hence the movement's name, literally meaning "Three-One Movement" or "March First...
  
  
• Parallel government: Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
  Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
  The Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was the partially recognised government in exile of Korea, based in Shanghai, China, and later in Chongqing, during the Colonial Korea.-History:...
  
  

Malaysia

• Political party: Alliance Party(United Malays National Organisation
  United Malays National Organisation
  The United Malays National Organisation, is Malaysia's largest political party; a founding member of the National Front coalition, which has played a dominant role in Malaysian politics since independence....
  
  , Malayan Chinese Association & Malayan Indian Congress)

Oman

• Rebel organizations: Dhofar Liberation Front (DLF), Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman
  Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman
  The Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman was a Marxist and Arab nationalist revolutionary organisation in the Sultanate of Oman...
  
   (PFLO), Popular Front for the Liberation of the Occupied Arabian Gulf
  Popular Front for the Liberation of the Occupied Arabian Gulf
  The Popular Front for the Liberation of the Occupied Arabian Gulf , later renamed the Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman and the Arab Gulf , was a Marxist and Arab nationalist revolutionary organisation in the Persian Gulf Arab states. The PFLOAG was organized in 1968 as the successor to the...
  
  /Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman and the Arab Gulf (PFLOAG)

Philippines

• Political party: Nacionalista Party
  Nacionalista Party
  The Nacionalista Party is the oldest political party in the Philippines today and was responsible for leading the country throughout the majority of the 20th century since its founding in 1907...
  
  
• Society: Katipunan
  Katipunan
  The Katipunan was a Philippine revolutionary society founded by anti-Spanish Filipinos in Manila in 1892, whose primary aim was to gain independence from Spain through revolution. The society was initiated by Filipino patriots Andrés Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Ladislao Diwa, and others on the night...
  
  , La Liga Filipina
  La Liga Filipina
  La Liga Filipina was a progressive organization created by Dr. José Rizal in the Philippines in a house at Ilaya Street, Tondo, Manila in 1892.The organization derived from La Solidaridad and the Propaganda movement...
  
  
• Secessionist entities: Katagalugan
  Katagalugan
  Tagalog Republic is a term used to refer to two revolutionary bodies involved in the Philippine Revolution against Spain and the Philippine-American War. Both were connected to the Katipunan revolutionary movement.-Etymology:...
  
  , First Philippine Republic
  First Philippine Republic
  The Philippine Republic , more commonly known as the First Philippine Republic or the Malolos Republic was a short-lived insurgent revolutionary government in the Philippines...
  
  , Cantonal Republic of Negros
  Republic of Negros
  The Republic of Negros was a short-lived revolutionary republic, and later, administrative division, which existed while the Philippines was under Spanish and American sovereignty. It took its name from Negros Island.-History:...
  
  , Republic of Zamboanga
  Republic of Zamboanga
  The Republic of Zamboanga was a short-lived revolutionary republic, founded after the collapse of Spanish colonial rule in Zamboanga in 1899.-End of Spanish Occupation:...
  
  

Vietnam

• Duy Tân Hội
• Indochinese Communist Party
  Indochinese Communist Party
  The Indochinese Communist Party was a political party which was transformed from old Vietnamese Communist Party in October 1930...
  
  
• National Liberation Front of South Vietnam
• Việt Minh
  Viet Minh
  Việt Minh was a national independence coalition formed at Pac Bo on May 19, 1941. The Việt Minh initially formed to seek independence for Vietnam from the French Empire. When the Japanese occupation began, the Việt Minh opposed Japan with support from the United States and the Republic of China...
  
  
• Việt Nam Cách Mệnh Đồng Minh Hội
• Việt Nam Quang Phục Hội
  Viet Nam Quang Phuc Hoi
  The Việt Nam Quang Phục Hội, sometimes known simply as Quang Phuc Hoi was a nationalist republican militant revolutionary organization of Vietnam that was active in the 1910s, under the leadership of Phan Boi Chau and Prince Cường Để...
  
  
• Việt Nam Quốc Dân Dảng
  Viet Nam Quoc Dan Dang
  The Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng , also known as the Việt Quốc and the Vietnamese Kuomintang, is the Vietnamese Nationalist Party, a revolutionary socialist political party that sought independence from French colonial rule in Vietnam during the early 20th century...
  
  

Yemen

• Rebel organization: Front for the Liberation of Occupied South Yemen
  Front for the Liberation of Occupied South Yemen
  The Front for the Liberation of Occupied South Yemen or was a military organization operating in the Federation of South Arabia in the 60s. As the British tried to exit its Federation of South Arabia colony Abdullah al Asnag created FLOSY...
  
  , National Liberation Front of South Yemen

Armenia

• Political party: Armenian Revolutionary Federation
  Armenian Revolutionary Federation
  The Armenian Revolutionary Federation is an Armenian political party founded in Tiflis in 1890 by Christapor Mikaelian, Stepan Zorian, and Simon Zavarian...
  
  , Social Democrat Hunchakian Party
  Social Democrat Hunchakian Party
  The Social Democrat Hunchakian Party , is the oldest of the Armenian political parties and was the first Socialist party in the Ottoman Empire and in Persia...
  
  , Armenian Democratic Liberal Party (Ramgavar Party), Pan-Armenian National Movement
  Pan-Armenian National Movement
  The Pan-Armenian National Movement or Armenian Allnational Movement is a political party representing Armenian national movement in Armenia Presently without parliamentary representation.It was founded by Levon Ter-Petrossian in 1989 and became the ruling party when it swept the 1990 elections...
  
  
• Rebel organization: Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia
  Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia
  The Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia or ASALA was an Armenian nationalist militant organization, that operated from 1975 to 1986. The group also operated under other names such as The Orly Group and the 3 October Organization...
  
  

Belgium

• Political parties
  • Flemish
    • Vlaams Belang
      Vlaams Belang
      Vlaams Belang is a Belgian far-right political party in the Flemish Region and Brussels that advocates the independence of Flanders and strict limits on immigration, whereby immigrants would be obliged to adopt Flemish culture and language...
      
      , New Flemish Alliance
    • Sociaal-Liberale Partij member of the European Free Alliance
      European Free Alliance
      The European Free Alliance is a European political party. It consists of various national-level political parties in Europe which advocate either full political independence , or some form of devolution or self-governance for their country or region...
      
      

Bulgaria

• Political party: Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee
  Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee
  The Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee or BRCK was a Bulgarian revolutionary organisation founded in 1869 among the Bulgarian emigrant circles in Romania. The decisive influence for the establishment of the committee was exerted by the Svoboda newspaper which Lyuben Karavelov began to...
  
  , Internal Revolutionary Organisation
  Internal Revolutionary Organisation
  The Internal Revolutionary Organisation or IRO was a Bulgarian revolutionary organisation founded and built up by Bulgarian revolutionary Vasil Levski in the period between 1869 and 1871. The organisation represented a network of regional revolutionary committees which were governed by a Central...
  
  

Czech Republic

• Political party: Young Czech Party
  Young Czech Party
  The Young Czech Party was formed in 1874. It initiated the democratization of Czech political parties and led to the establishment of the political base of Czechoslovakia.- Background :...
  
  , Czech National Social Party
  Czech National Social Party
  Czech National Social Party was a civic nationalist political party established in 1898 within the Young Czech Party as a nominally socialist group with a stress on achieving Czech independence from Austria–Hungary Czech National Social Party (Czech: Česká strana národně sociální) was a civic...
  
  

Finland

• Political movement: Åland
  Åland crisis
  The Åland crisis was one of the first issues put up for arbitration by the League of Nations on its formation. The Åland Islands' population's demand for self-determination was not met and sovereignty over the islands was retained by Finland, but international guarantees were given to allow the...
  
  , Fennoman, Lapua
  Lapua Movement
  The Lapua Movement , was a Finnish radical nationalist and anti-communist political movement founded in and named after the town of Lapua. After radicalisation it turned towards far-right politics and was banned after a failed coup-d'état in 1932...
  
  
• Political party: Finnish Party
  Finnish Party
  The Finnish Party was a Fennoman conservative political party in the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland and independent Finland. Born out of Finland's language strife in the 1860s, the party sought to improve the position of the Finnish language in Finnish society...
  
  , Young Finnish Party
  Young Finnish Party
  The Young Finnish Party or Constitutional-Fennoman Party was a liberal and nationalist political party in the Grand Duchy of Finland...
  
  

France

• 
  Basque Country (also in Spain)
  • Political parties: Basque Nationalist Party
    Basque Nationalist Party
    The Basque National Party is the largest and oldest Basque nationalist party. It is currently the largest political party in the Basque Autonomous Community also with a minor presence in Navarre and a marginal one in the French Basque Country...
    
    , Basque Unity
    Batasuna
    Batasuna was a Basque nationalist political party based mainly in Spain, where it was outlawed in 2003, after a court ruling declared proven that the party was financing ETA with public money. Batasuna is included in the "European Union list of terrorist persons and organizations" as a component...
    
    
  • Rebel organization: Basque homeland and Freedom (ETA)
    ETA
    ETA , an acronym for Euskadi Ta Askatasuna is an armed Basque nationalist and separatist organization. The group was founded in 1959 and has since evolved from a group promoting traditional Basque culture to a paramilitary group with the goal of gaining independence for the Greater Basque Country...
    
    
• 
  Corsica
  Corsica
  Corsica is an island in the Mediterranean Sea. It is located west of Italy, southeast of the French mainland, and north of the island of Sardinia....
  
  
  • Political Parties: Corsica Nazione
    Corsica nazione
    Corsica Nazione is a Corsican nationalist party which aims to gain control over Corsica from France, regain national rights, and promote the Corsican national identity...
    
    , Partitu di a Nazione Corsa
    Partitu di a Nazione Corsa
    The Party of the Corsican Nation is a political party seeking autonomy for Corsica. It was founded in Corte in 2002 by members of three nationalist parties, Union of the Corsican People , A Scelta Nova and A Mossa Naziunale....
    
    
• 
  Brittany
  Brittany
  Brittany is a cultural and administrative region in the north-west of France. Previously a kingdom and then a duchy, Brittany was united to the Kingdom of France in 1532 as a province. Brittany has also been referred to as Less, Lesser or Little Britain...
  
  
  • Political parties: Union Démocratique Bretonne
    Union Démocratique Bretonne
    The Breton Democratic Union is the main autonomist and regionalist party in Brittany and Loire-Atlantique. It advocates devolution for Brittany as well as the promotion of the Breton language and its associated culture....
    
    , Breton Party
  • Rebel organization: Breton Revolutionary Army
    Breton Revolutionary Army
    The Breton Revolutionary Army , is an illegal armed organization that is part of the Breton nationalism movement in the Brittany region of France.-I- Origins of the conflict:...
    
    , Liberation Front of Brittany
    Liberation Front of Brittany
    The Liberation Front of Brittany is a militant group founded in 1963 to promote the "liberation of Brittany from France". Brittany is a province in northwest France, and formed an independent Duchy of Brittany until the treaty of union in 1532....
    
    
• 
  Alsace
  Alsace
  Alsace is the fifth-smallest of the 27 regions of France in land area , and the smallest in metropolitan France. It is also the seventh-most densely populated region in France and third most densely populated region in metropolitan France, with ca. 220 inhabitants per km²...
  
  
• Political parties : Alsace d'abord
  Alsace d'abord
  Alsace d'abord is a political party seeking autonomy for Alsace in France.The party is considered to be a far-right party by most observers, due to its strong stance against immigration, its opposition to Turkish entry into the European Union and its affirmation of an Alsatian national identity...
  
  

Germany

• Short-lived Republic: Rhenish Republic
  Rhenish Republic
  The Rhenish Republic was proclaimed at Aachen in October 1923 during the Occupation of the Ruhr by troops from France and Belgium between January 1923 and 1925...
  
  
• Lower Saxony
  Lower Saxony
  Lower Saxony is a German state situated in north-western Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen states of Germany...
  
  
• Alemannic Separatism
  Alemannic separatism
  Alemannic Separatism is a historical movement of separatism of the Alemannic German speaking areas of Germany, France and Austria , aiming at a unification with the Swiss Confederacy . The historic origins of the movement lay in the Napoleonic era Alemannic Separatism is a historical movement of...
  
  

Georgia

• 
  Ajaria (Adjara)
• Azeris
  • Proposed autonomous region: Borchalo autonomy
• Political Party: Mingrelian Nationalist Party
  Mingrelian Nationalist Party
  The Mingrelian Nationalist Party , MNP, is a Russia-based quasi-political party which advocates the secession of the province Mingrelia from Georgia....
  
  
  • Proposed independent state: Mingrelia

Greece

(gained independence from Ottoman Empire after the Greek War of Independence

Greek War of Independence

The Greek War of Independence, also known as the Greek Revolution was a successful war of independence waged by the Greek revolutionaries between...

)

• Society: Filiki Eteria
  Filiki Eteria
  thumb|right|200px|The flag of the Filiki Eteria.Filiki Eteria or Society of Friends was a secret 19th century organization, whose purpose was to overthrow Ottoman rule over Greece and to establish an independent Greek state. Society members were mainly young Phanariot Greeks from Russia and local...
  
  
• Unrecognized state: Areopagus of Eastern Continental Greece
  Areopagus of Eastern Continental Greece
  The Areopagus of Eastern Continental Greece was a provisional regime that existed in eastern Central Greece during the Greek War of Independence.- Background :...
  
  , Peloponnesian Senate, Senate of Western Continental Greece
  Senate of Western Continental Greece
  The Senate of Western Continental Greece was a provisional regime that existed in western Central Greece during the early stages of the Greek War of Independence.- History :...
  
  , Provisional Administration of Greece
  First Hellenic Republic
  The First Hellenic Republic is a name used to refer to the provisional Greek state during the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire...
  
   (after 1822)
• Militant organisations: Armatoloi
  Armatoloi
  Armatoloi , were Greek Christian irregular soldiers, or militia, commissioned by the Ottomans to enforce the Sultan's authority within an administrative district called an Armatoliki...
  
  /Klephts
  Klepht
  Klephts were self-appointed armatoloi, anti-Ottoman insurgents, and warlike mountain-folk who lived in the countryside when Greece was a part of the Ottoman Empire...
  
  , Sacred Band
  Sacred Band (1821)
  The Sacred Band was a battalion founded by Alexander Ypsilantis at the beginning of the Greek War of Independence, in February 1821 in Wallachia, now part of Romania.-Origin and structure:...
  
  , Hellenic Army
  Hellenic Army
  The Hellenic Army , formed in 1828, is the land force of Greece.The motto of the Hellenic Army is , "Freedom Stems from Valor", from Thucydides's History of the Peloponnesian War...
  
  , Hellenic Navy
  Hellenic Navy
  The Hellenic Navy is the naval force of Greece, part of the Greek Armed Forces. The modern Greek navy has its roots in the naval forces of various Aegean Islands, which fought in the Greek War of Independence...
  
  

Ireland

(See also under UK, for pre-division Ireland)

• Home Rule League
  Home Rule League
  The Home Rule League, sometimes called the Home Rule Party, was a political party which campaigned for home rule for the country of Ireland from 1873 to 1882, when it was replaced by the Irish Parliamentary Party.-Origins:...
  
  
• Irish National League
• Irish Parliamentary Party
  Irish Parliamentary Party
  The Irish Parliamentary Party was formed in 1882 by Charles Stewart Parnell, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament elected to the House of Commons at...
  
  
• Irish Republican Brotherhood
  Irish Republican Brotherhood
  The Irish Republican Brotherhood was a secret oath-bound fraternal organisation dedicated to the establishment of an "independent democratic republic" in Ireland during the second half of the 19th century and the start of the 20th century...
  
  
• Provisional Government of the Irish Republic
  Provisional Government of the Irish Republic
  In the Easter Rising in Dublin on 24 April 1916, the Proclamation of the Irish Republic read by Patrick Pearse was headed and signed as being issued by the Provisional Government of the Irish Republic...
  
  
• Sinn Féin
  Sinn Féin
  Sinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
  
  
• Society of United Irishmen
• United Irish League
  United Irish League
  The United Irish League was a nationalist political party in Ireland, launched 23 January 1898 with the motto "The Land for the People" . Its objective to be achieved through agrarian agitation and land reform, compelling larger grazier farmers to surrender their lands for redistribution amongst...
  
  
• Young Ireland
  Young Ireland
  Young Ireland was a political, cultural and social movement of the mid-19th century. It led changes in Irish nationalism, including an abortive rebellion known as the Young Irelander Rebellion of 1848. Many of the latter's leaders were tried for sedition and sentenced to penal transportation to...
  
  

Italy

• Serenissima
  Serenissima
  Serenissima may refer to:Certain countries:*La Serenissima, a name for the Republic of Venice, from the title Serenissimo literally meaning 'the most/very serene'....
  
   Veneta Republica, Republic of Venice
  Republic of Venice
  The Republic of Venice or Venetian Republic was a state originating from the city of Venice in Northeastern Italy. It existed for over a millennium, from the late 7th century until 1797. It was formally known as the Most Serene Republic of Venice and is often referred to as La Serenissima, in...
  
  
  • Political Parties: Liga Veneta
    Liga Veneta
    Liga Veneta is a regionalist political party based in Veneto, combining Venetism and fiscal federalism. Liga Veneta is by far the largest party in Veneto and the party of Luca Zaia, President of Veneto since March 2010.It was the first party of its kind in Northern Italy, predating Umberto...
    
    , PNV
    Venetian National Party
    The Venetian National Party was a Venetist, libertarian and separatist political party active in Veneto, Lombardy and Friuli-Venezia Giulia...
    
    , PNE
    North-East Project
    North-East Project is a Venetist, fiscal federalist and libertarian Italian political party based in Veneto, demanding larger autonomy, if not complete independence for the region.-History:...
    
    , Veneto Libero

Latvia

• Political party: Popular Front of Latvia
  Popular Front of Latvia
  The Popular Front of Latvia was a political organization in Latvia in late 1980s and early 1990s which led Latvia to its independence from the Soviet Union. It was similar to the Popular Front of Estonia and the Sąjūdis movement in Lithuania....
  
  , Latvian National Independence Movement
  Latvian National Independence Movement
  The Latvian National Independence Movement was a political organization in Latvia from 1988 till mid-1990s.It formed in 1988, as the radical wing of Latvian nationalist movement...
  
  

Republic of Macedonia

• Political party: Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organisation

Poland

• Narodowa Demokracja
• Towarzystwo Demokratyczne Polskie (Polish Democratic Society)

Slovakia

• Political party: Slovak National Party
  Slovak National Party (historical party)
  The Slovak National Party was a Slovak conservative and nationalist political party in the Kingdom of Hungary and then in Czechoslovakia from 1871 to 1938...
  
  

Spain

• 
  Basque Country (also in France)
  • Political parties: Aralar Party
    Aralar Party
    Aralar is a Basque socialist and separatist political party in Spain. The party is led by Patxi Zabaleta. It is opposed to the violent struggle of ETA....
    
    , Basque Nationalist Party
    Basque Nationalist Party
    The Basque National Party is the largest and oldest Basque nationalist party. It is currently the largest political party in the Basque Autonomous Community also with a minor presence in Navarre and a marginal one in the French Basque Country...
    
    , Batasuna
    Batasuna
    Batasuna was a Basque nationalist political party based mainly in Spain, where it was outlawed in 2003, after a court ruling declared proven that the party was financing ETA with public money. Batasuna is included in the "European Union list of terrorist persons and organizations" as a component...
    
    , Eusko Abertzale Ekintza
    Eusko Abertzale Ekintza
    Basque Nationalist Action is a Basque nationalist party based in Spain. Founded in 1930, it was the first Basque nationalist political party to exist running on a socialist program. On 16 September 2008, the party was outlawed by the Spanish Supreme Court based on ties with ETA...
    
    , Eusko Alkartasuna
    Eusko Alkartasuna
    Eusko Alkartasuna is a Basque nationalist political party operating in Spain and France. The Basque language name means Basque Solidarity and abbreviated as EA. The party describes itself as a Basque nationalist, democratic, popular, progressive and non-denominational party...
    
    , Nafarroa Bai
    Nafarroa Bai
    Nafarroa Bai is a Navarrese coalition of both left and right wing Basque nationalist parties which was created for the 2004 Spanish General election....
    
    
  • Rebel organizations: Basque homeland and Freedom (ETA)
    ETA
    ETA , an acronym for Euskadi Ta Askatasuna is an armed Basque nationalist and separatist organization. The group was founded in 1959 and has since evolved from a group promoting traditional Basque culture to a paramilitary group with the goal of gaining independence for the Greater Basque Country...
    
    , SEGI
    SEGI
    Segi is a Basque pro-independence and revolutionary left-wing organization. It forms part of the Basque National Liberation Movement and is aligned with Langile Abertzaleen Batzordeak and Batasuna....
    
    
• 
  Catalan Countries
  Catalan Countries
  The Catalan term Països Catalans refers to the territories where the Catalan language is spoken.The first mentions of the term date back to the late 19th century, but it never surpassed the limits of a small circle of Catalan authors until its strictly cultural dimension became increasingly...
  
  
  • Political parties: Convergence and Union (Democratic Convergence of Catalonia
    Democratic Convergence of Catalonia
    The Democratic Convergence of Catalonia is a political party in Catalonia, Spain. Together with Democratic Union of Catalonia, it forms part of the Convergence and Union coalition. It is affiliated with the European Liberal, Democrat and Reform Party and with the Liberal International...
    
     + Democratic Union of Catalonia
    Democratic Union of Catalonia
    The Democratic Union of Catalonia is a political party in Catalonia, Spain. Together with the Democratic Convergence of Catalonia, it is part of the Convergence and Union coalition.It describes itself as Catalan nationalist and Christian Democrat....
    
    ), Republican Left of Catalonia, Catalonian State
    Estat Català
    Estat Català is a historical pro-independence political party in Catalonia, Spain.Despite its role in the 20th and 21st centuries both in Catalan and Spanish politics, ever since Spain returned to democracy in the 1970s, the party has not managed to get any of its candidates elected, having...
    
    
  • Rebel organization: Terra Lliure
    Terra Lliure
    Terra Lliure , sometimes referred to as TLL, was an armed Catalan nationalist and left-wing separatist organisation. Formed in 1978, with the goal of establishing an independent Marxist state in the so-called Catalan Countries, the group carried out dozens of attacks that left many people injured...
    
     (disbanded)
• 
  Galicia
  • Political Parties: Galician Nationalist Bloc, Nós-Unidade Popular
    Nós-Unidade Popular
    Nós-Unidade Popular is a Galician nationalist political party. It was formed by the merger of Assembleia da Mocidade Independentista, Primeira Linha, and other organizations. It currently lacks any institutional representation.-Activities:...
    
    
• 
  Asturias
  • Political Parties: Bloque por Asturies, Unidá Nacionalista Asturiana
    Unidá
    Unidá is an Asturian federation of parties formed by Izquierda Asturiana, members coming from Andecha Astur , and by the local parties Andecha por Carreño, Asturianistes por Nava and Asturianistes por Piloña, forming a local series of groups with the name of Unidá such as Unidá-Avilés or...
    
    
  • Rebel organization: Andecha Obrera
    Andecha Obrera
    Andecha Obrera was a terrorist organization of Asturian nationalistic ideology, at the moment inactivate, that during the decade of the 80's used explosive devices in to support labor struggles, as in the cases of the offices of the INEM, or related to the naval conflict.-Documented actions:*In...
    
     (disbanded)
• 
  Canary Islands
  Canary Islands
  The Canary Islands , also known as the Canaries , is a Spanish archipelago located just off the northwest coast of mainland Africa, 100 km west of the border between Morocco and the Western Sahara. The Canaries are a Spanish autonomous community and an outermost region of the European Union...
  
  
  • Political Party: Congreso Nacional de Canarias, Frepic-Awañak, Unión del Pueblo Canario
  • Organizations: MPAIAC
  • Armed groups: Fuerzas Armadas Guanches
    Fuerzas Armadas Guanches
    The Fuerzas Armadas Guanches was the armed wing of the Movimiento por la Autodeterminación e Independencia del Archipiélago Canario...
    
    
• 
  León
  Castile and León
  Castile and León is an autonomous community in north-western Spain. It was so constituted in 1983 and it comprises the historical regions of León and Old Castile...
  
  
  • Political Party: Leonese People's Union
    Leonese People's Union
    The Leonese People's Union is a regional political party in Castilla y León, Spain. UPL strives to establish a separate autonomous community for the provinces of León, Zamora and Salamanca , now in the Autonomous Community of Castilla y León.UPL was founded in 1986 by a group of people...
    
    

Ukraine

• People's Movement of Ukraine
  People's Movement of Ukraine
  The People's Movement of Ukraine is a Ukrainian center-right political party...
  
   (Rukh)
• Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
  Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
  The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists is a Ukrainian political organization which as a movement originally was created in 1929 in Western Ukraine . The OUN accepted violence as an acceptable tool in the fight against foreign and domestic enemies particularly Poland and Russia...
  
  
• Ukrainian Insurgent Army

United Kingdom (and associated territories)

• 
  Cornwall
  Cornwall
  Cornwall is a unitary authority and ceremonial county of England, within the United Kingdom. It is bordered to the north and west by the Celtic Sea, to the south by the English Channel, and to the east by the county of Devon, over the River Tamar. Cornwall has a population of , and covers an area of...
  
  : - Cornish National Party, New Cornish Tertia army
  New Cornish Tertia army
  The New Cornish Tertia was the Cornish army raised to defend Cornwall during the English Civil War or "War of Five Nations" as it is sometimes known. Cornwalland Wales were staunch Royalist strongholds whilst South East England was held by Parliament, and the remainders of England were in dispute....
  
  , An Gof
  An Gof
  An Gof is a militant Cornish nationalist group. The organisation takes its name from the trade of Michael Joseph , An Gof , being Cornish for 'The Smith', a leader of the Cornish Rebellion of 1497....
  
  , Cornish Solidarity
  Cornish Solidarity
  Cornish Solidarity is a Cornish organisation founded in February 1998. It was founded by the then President of Redruth and District Chamber of Commerce, Mr Greg Woods, who having been disgusted at the press being notified of the demise of South Crofty Mine before the staff and workers of the mine,...
  
  ,
• 
  England
  England
  England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
  
  : - Free England Party
  Free England Party
  The Free England Party was a centrist political party in the United Kingdom, which campaigned for English independence. Founded in 2008, and registered with the Electoral Commission in February of that year, it was at the time the largest English Civic Nationalist party in the United Kingdom...
  
  , English People's Liberation Army
  English People's Liberation Army
  The English People's Liberation Army was a paramilitary English nationalist organisation.The organisation may have originated as a split from the Maoist Working People's Party of England...
  
  
• Ireland (including pre-split Northern Ireland): Irish Republican Brotherhood
  Irish Republican Brotherhood
  The Irish Republican Brotherhood was a secret oath-bound fraternal organisation dedicated to the establishment of an "independent democratic republic" in Ireland during the second half of the 19th century and the start of the 20th century...
  
  , Clan na Gael
  Clan na Gael
  The Clan na Gael was an Irish republican organization in the United States in the late 19th and 20th centuries, successor to the Fenian Brotherhood and a sister organization to the Irish Republican Brotherhood...
  
  , Young Ireland
  Young Ireland
  Young Ireland was a political, cultural and social movement of the mid-19th century. It led changes in Irish nationalism, including an abortive rebellion known as the Young Irelander Rebellion of 1848. Many of the latter's leaders were tried for sedition and sentenced to penal transportation to...
  
  , Home Rule League
  Home Rule League
  The Home Rule League, sometimes called the Home Rule Party, was a political party which campaigned for home rule for the country of Ireland from 1873 to 1882, when it was replaced by the Irish Parliamentary Party.-Origins:...
  
  , Irish Socialist Republican Party
  Irish Socialist Republican Party
  The Irish Socialist Republican Party was a pivotal Irish political party founded in 1896 by James Connolly. Its aim was to establish an Irish workers' republic...
  
  , Irish Parliamentary Party
  Irish Parliamentary Party
  The Irish Parliamentary Party was formed in 1882 by Charles Stewart Parnell, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament elected to the House of Commons at...
  
  , All-for-Ireland League
  All-for-Ireland League
  The All-for-Ireland League , was an Irish, Munster-based political party . Founded by William O'Brien MP, it generated a new national movement to achieve agreement between the different parties concerned on the historically difficult aim of Home Rule for the whole of Ireland...
  
  , Nationalist Party (Northern Ireland)
  Nationalist Party (Northern Ireland)
  The Nationalist Party† - was the continuation of the Irish Parliamentary Party, and was formed after partition, by the Northern Ireland-based members of the IPP....
  
  , Irish Independence Party
  Irish Independence Party
  The Irish Independence Party was an nationalist political party in Northern Ireland, founded in October 1977 by Frank McManus and Fergus McAteer...
  
  
• 
  Isle of Man
  Isle of Man
  The Isle of Man , otherwise known simply as Mann , is a self-governing British Crown Dependency, located in the Irish Sea between the islands of Great Britain and Ireland, within the British Isles. The head of state is Queen Elizabeth II, who holds the title of Lord of Mann. The Lord of Mann is...
  
  : Fo Halloo, Manx National Party
  Manx National Party
  The first Manx National Party was a party that identified itself with the UK Conservatives. They were active in the period between World War I and World War II in opposing the activities of the Manx Labour Party. However, unlike the Manx Labour Party, they were unsuccessful in establishing...
  
  
• 
  Scotland
  Scotland
  Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
  
  : Scottish Labour Party (1976)
  Scottish Labour Party (1976)
  The Scottish Labour Party was formed on January 18, 1976, as a breakaway from the UK Labour Party, by members disaffected with the then Labour Government's failure to secure a devolved Scottish Assembly, as well as with its social and economic agenda...
  
  , National Party of Scotland
  National Party of Scotland
  The National Party of Scotland was a political party in Scotland and a forerunner of the current Scottish National Party.The NPS was formed in 1928 after John MacCormick of the Glasgow University Scottish Nationalist Association called a meeting of all those favouring the establishment of a party...
  
  , Scottish National Party
  Scottish National Party
  The Scottish National Party is a social-democratic political party in Scotland which campaigns for Scottish independence from the United Kingdom....
  
  , Scottish Party
  Scottish Party
  The Scottish Party was formed in 1930 by a group of members of the Unionist Party who favoured the establishment of a Dominion Scottish Parliament within the British Empire and Commonwealth...
  
  , Settler Watch, Scottish Workers Republican Party
  Scottish Workers Republican Party
  The Scottish Workers Republican Party was formed by the Scottish Marxist activist John Maclean in the 1910s. It advocated the political doctrine of communism, whilst also supporting Scottish independence...
  
  , Orkney and Shetland Movement
  Orkney and Shetland Movement
  The Orkney and Shetland Movement was an electoral coalition formed for the 1987 general election. The pro-devolution Orkney Movement and Shetland Movement agreed on selecting John Goodlad, the secretary of the Shetland Fishermen's Association, as a joint candidate for the Orkney and Shetland...
  
  , Scottish Socialist Party (1987), Kirk Party
  Kirk Party
  The Kirk Party were a radical Presbyterian faction of the Scottish Covenanters during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. They came to the fore after the defeat of the Engagers faction in 1648 at the hands of Oliver Cromwell and the English Parliament...
  
  , Labour Party of Scotland
  Labour Party of Scotland
  The Labour Party of Scotland were a small political party active in Dundee, Scotland. They were formed as a left-wing breakaway from the Scottish National Party and contested the Dundee East by-election, 1973, where the number of votes they gathered, 1409 for their candidate George McLean, were...
  
  , Scottish Labour Party (1888), Scotland Forward
  Scotland Forward
  Scotland Forward was a coalition of organisations and individuals who campaigned for a Yes-Yes vote in the devolution referendums of 1997 called by the recently elected Westminster Labour Government...
  
  , Scottish Socialist Alliance, Workers Party of Scotland
  Workers Party of Scotland
  The Workers Party of Scotland, also known as the Workers Party of Scotland was a small Marxist-Leninist political party based in Scotland. It was founded in 1967 and campaigned for Scottish independence. Many of its founder members had previously belonged to the Committee to Defeat Revisionism,...
  
  , Scottish Workers Republican Party
  Scottish Workers Republican Party
  The Scottish Workers Republican Party was formed by the Scottish Marxist activist John Maclean in the 1910s. It advocated the political doctrine of communism, whilst also supporting Scottish independence...
  
  
• 
  Wales
  Wales
  Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has a population of three million, and a total area of 20,779 km²...
  
  : Plaid Cymru; The Party of Wales
  History of Plaid Cymru
  Plaid Cymru; The Party of Wales originated after a 1925 National Eisteddfod meeting, held in Pwllheli, Gwynedd. Representatives from the Army of the Welsh Home Rulers and The Welsh Movement , both founded only the previous year, agreed to meet and discuss the need of a "Welsh party"...
  
  , Cymru Fydd
  Cymru Fydd
  The Cymru Fydd movement was founded in 1886 by some of the London Welsh, including J. E. Lloyd, O. M. Edwards, T. E. Ellis , Beriah Gwynfe Evans and Alfred Thomas. Initially it was a purely London-based society, later expanding to cities in England with a large Welsh population...
  
  , Cymru Goch
  Cymru Goch
  Cymru Goch was a left wing nationalist organisation in Wales. It was founded in 1987 and fought for what it described as a Free Socialist Wales...
  
  , Welsh Socialist Alliance
  Welsh Socialist Alliance
  The Welsh Socialist Alliance was a socialist political organisation in Wales. It was closely related to, but separate from the Socialist Alliance.It was founded by the Socialist Party of England and Wales and Cymru Goch and some independents...
  
  , Welsh Republican Movement
  Welsh Republican Movement
  The Welsh Republican Movement was a Welsh nationalist political party.It was founded in 1949 as a split from Plaid Cymru. The group, some of whom had previously been members of the Labour Party aimed to build a base in industrial south east Wales by focusing on socialism and republicanism rather...
  
  
• 
  Isle of Wight
  Isle of Wight
  The Isle of Wight is a county and the largest island of England, located in the English Channel, on average about 2–4 miles off the south coast of the county of Hampshire, separated from the mainland by a strait called the Solent...
  
  
  • Political party: Vectis National Party
    Vectis National Party
    The Vectis National Party was a minor political party operating on the Isle of Wight in the United Kingdom in the early 1970s. Formed in 1969, the party sought the same status for Wight as the Isle of Man has...
    
    

Yugoslavia

• Political parties
  • Albanian
    • Democratic League of Kosovo
      Democratic League of Kosovo
      The Democratic League of Kosovo is the second largest political party in Kosovo. It is a conservative and liberal conservative party; the main right-wing party in Kosovo....
      
      , Alliance for the Future of Kosovo, Democratic Party of Kosovo, National Movement for the Liberation of Kosovo, The People's Movement for Kosovo
  • Croatian
    • Political party: Croatian Democratic Union
      Croatian Democratic Union
      The Croatian Democratic Union is the main center-right political party in Croatia. It is the biggest and strongest individual Croatian party since independence of Croatia. The Christian democratic HDZ governed Croatia from 1990 to 2000 and, in partial coalition, from 2003...
      
      , Croatian Party of Rights
      Croatian Party of Rights
      The Croatian Party of Rights is a right-wing political party in Croatia. The "right" in the party's name refer to the idea of Croatian national and ethnic rights that the party has vowed to protect since its founding in the 19th century...
      
      , Croatian Peasant Party
      Croatian Peasant Party
      The Croatian Peasant Party is a center and socially conservative political party in Croatia.-Austria-Hungary:The Croatian People's Peasant Party was formed on December 22, 1904 by Antun Radić along with his brother Stjepan Radić. The party contested elections for the first time in the Kingdom of...
      
      
• Rebel organizations
  • Albanian
    • Rebel organization: Kosovo Liberation Army
      Kosovo Liberation Army
      The Kosovo Liberation Army or KLA was a Kosovar Albanian paramilitary organization which sought the separation of Kosovo from Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in the 1990s....
      
       (became Kosovo Protection Corps
      Kosovo Protection Corps
      The Kosovo Protection Corps was a civilian emergency services organisation in Kosovo active from 1999 to 2009.The KPC was created on September 21, 1999 through the promulgation of UNMIK Regulation 1999/8 and the agreement of a "Statement of Principles" on the KPC's permitted role in Kosovo...
      
      )
• Events
  • Croatian
    • Croatian Spring
      Croatian Spring
      The Croatian Spring was a political movement from the early 1970s that called for greater rights for Croatia which was then part of Yugoslavia as well as democratic and economic reforms.-History:...
      
      

British West Indies

• Political party: Caribbean League
• Secessionist entity: West Indies Federation
  West Indies Federation
  The West Indies Federation, also known as the Federation of the West Indies, was a short-lived Caribbean federation that existed from January 3, 1958, to May 31, 1962. It consisted of several Caribbean colonies of the United Kingdom...
  
  

Secessionist

• Nova Scotia
  Nova Scotia
  Nova Scotia is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the most populous province in Atlantic Canada. The name of the province is Latin for "New Scotland," but "Nova Scotia" is the recognized, English-language name of the province. The provincial capital is Halifax. Nova Scotia is the...
  
  
  • Political: Anti-Confederation Party
    Anti-Confederation Party
    Anti-Confederation was the name used in what is now Atlantic Canada by several parties opposed to Canadian confederation.-Nova Scotia:In Nova Scotia, the "Anti-Confederates" were led by Joseph Howe. They attempted to reverse the colony's decision to join Confederation, which was initially highly...
    
    

• Ontario
  Ontario
  Ontario is a province of Canada, located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province and second largest in total area. It is home to the nation's most populous city, Toronto, and the nation's capital, Ottawa....
  
  
  • Political: Ontario Independence League

• Quebec
  Quebec
  Quebec or is a province in east-central Canada. It is the only Canadian province with a predominantly French-speaking population and the only one whose sole official language is French at the provincial level....
  
  
  • Pressure group: Alliance Laurentienne
    Alliance laurentienne
    The Alliance laurentienne was a political organization founded by Raymond Barbeau on January 25, 1957. It was an early organization of the contemporary independence movement of Quebec but, unlike the majority of those to come, it adopted somewhat right-wing, even corporatist politics...
    
    , Chevaliers de l'Indépendance
  • Political party: Mouvement Souveraineté-Association
    Mouvement Souveraineté-Association
    The Mouvement Souveraineté-Association was formed on November 19, 1967 by René Lévesque to promote the concept of sovereignty-association between Quebec and the rest of Canada....
    
    , Option citoyenne
    Option citoyenne
    Option citoyenne was an altermondialist and feminist political organization in the Canadian province of Quebec. The group was created by Françoise David in 2004; David and François Saillant were its official spokespersons. Option citoyenne gave official support to the left-wing Union des forces...
    
    , Parti de la Democratie Socialiste
    Parti de la démocratie socialiste
    The Parti de la Democratie Socialiste was a political party in Quebec, Canada.The early origins of the PDS can be traced back to the Fédération du Commonwealth Coopératif , later renamed Parti social démocratique du Québec...
    
    , Parti indépendantiste
    Parti indépendantiste
    The Parti indépendantiste was a provincial party which advocated Quebec sovereignty in Québec, Canada in the second half of the 1980s.-Denis Monière:...
    
    , Parti nationaliste du Québec
    Parti nationaliste du Québec
    -Origins:For decades, the Social Credit Party's Quebec wing, the Ralliement créditiste, attracted many Quebec nationalists as a party that could represent Quebec's interests in the Canadian House of Commons...
    
    , Parti Patriote, Ralliement National
    Ralliement national
    Ralliement national was a political party that advocated the political independence of Quebec from Canada in the 1960s.It was led by former créditiste Gilles Grégoire...
    
    , Rassemblement pour l'Indépendance Nationale
    Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale
    The Rassemblement pour l'Indépendance Nationale was a political organization dedicated to the promotion of Quebec national independence from Canada.-History:...
    
    , Union des forces progressistes, Union Nationale (Johnson era), Union Populaire
    Union Populaire
    The Union populaire was a federal political party in Canada that nominated candidates in the 1979 and 1980 federal elections. The party also nominated one candidate in the 4 May 1981 by-election in the riding of Levis, Quebec....
    
    
  • Rebel organization: Société des Fils de la Liberté
    Société des Fils de la Liberté
    The Société des Fils de la Liberté was a paramilitary organization founded in August of 1837 in Lower Canada by young supporters of the Parti patriote who became impatient with the pace of progress of the movement for constitutional and parliamentary reforms...
    
    , Frères Chasseurs
    Frères chasseurs
    The Frères chasseurs were a paramilitary organization that fought in the Patriote Rebellion on the Patriote side, seeking to make Lower Canada, now Quebec, an independent and democratic republic....
    
    , Front de libération du Québec
    Front de libération du Québec
    The Front de libération du Québec was a left-wing Quebecois nationalist and Marxist-Leninist paramilitary group in Quebec, Canada. It was active between 1963 and 1970, and was regarded as a terrorist organization for its violent methods of action...
    
    

• Western Canada
  Western Canada
  Western Canada, also referred to as the Western provinces and commonly as the West, is a region of Canada that includes the four provinces west of the province of Ontario.- Provinces :...
  
  
  • Political: Unionest Party
    Unionest Party
    The Unionest Party was a provincial political party in Saskatchewan, Canada, in the early 1980s, that advocated union between the four western provinces of Canada and the United States....
    
    

Autonomist

• Acadia
  Acadia
  Acadia was the name given to lands in a portion of the French colonial empire of New France, in northeastern North America that included parts of eastern Quebec, the Maritime provinces, and modern-day Maine. At the end of the 16th century, France claimed territory stretching as far south as...
  
  
  • Political party: Parti Acadien
    Parti acadien
    The Parti Acadien was a political party in New Brunswick, Canada, in the 1970s and 1980s. The party was founded in 1972 by Acadians who were upset over poorer living conditions in predominantly francophone areas of the province versus those areas dominated by anglophones...
    
    

• Cape Breton Island
  Cape Breton Island
  Cape Breton Island is an island on the Atlantic coast of North America. It likely corresponds to the word Breton, the French demonym for Brittany....
  
  
  • Political party: Cape Breton Labour Party
    Cape Breton Labour Party
    The Cape Breton Labour Party was a social democratic provincial political party in Nova Scotia, Canada that advocated separate provincial status for Cape Breton, which is the northern part of the Province of Nova Scotia.-Founding:...
    
    

• the Maritimes
  • Political party: the Maritimes
    Maritime Rights Movement
    The Maritime Rights Movement arose in the 1920s in response to perceived unfair economic policies in Canada that were affecting the economies of the provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. At a time of rural protest in Canada from Ontario to the Prairies, the Movement was...
    
    

• Ontario
  Ontario
  Ontario is a province of Canada, located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province and second largest in total area. It is home to the nation's most populous city, Toronto, and the nation's capital, Ottawa....
  
  
  • Political party: Northern Ontario Heritage Party
    Northern Ontario Heritage Party
    The Northern Ontario Heritage Party is a provincial political party in Ontario, Canada that was formed in 1977 to campaign for provincial status for Northern Ontario. No member was ever elected to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario...
    
    

• Quebec
  Quebec
  Quebec or is a province in east-central Canada. It is the only Canadian province with a predominantly French-speaking population and the only one whose sole official language is French at the provincial level....
  
  
  • Political party: Action démocratique du Québec
    Action démocratique du Québec
    The Action démocratique du Québec, commonly referred to as the ADQ is a centre-right political party in Quebec, Canada. On the sovereignty question, it defines itself as autonomist, and has support from both soft nationalists and federalists....
    
    

Guyana

• Political party: People's Progressive Party
  People's Progressive Party (Guyana)
  The People's Progressive Party is a political party in Guyana led by Bharrat Jagdeo. The party has been in power since the 1992 elections and currently holds 36 of the 65 seats in the National Assembly.-History:...
  
  
• Political party: People's National Congress
  People's National Congress
  The People's National Congress is a socialist political party in Guyana led by Robert Corbin. The party currently holds 22 of the 65 seats in the National Assembly.-History:...
  
  

Mexico

Secessionist

• California Republic
  California Republic
  The California Republic, also called the Bear Flag Republic, is the name used for a period of revolt against Mexico initially proclaimed by a handful of American settlers in Mexican California on June 14, 1846, in Sonoma. This was shortly before news of the Mexican–American War had reached the area...
  
  
• Chan Santa Cruz
  Chan Santa Cruz
  Chan Santa Cruz or U Noh Kah Balam Nah Chan Santa Cruz is the Maya town now known as Felipe Carrillo Puerto in what is now the Mexican state of Quintana Roo. This name is often assigned to the Maya free state ruled from Chan Santa Cruz for much of the second half of the 19th century...
  
  
• Republic of Fredonia
• Republic of the Rio Grande
  Republic of the Rio Grande
  The Republic of the Rio Grande was an independent nation that insurgents against the Central Mexican Government sought to establish in northern Mexico. The rebellion lasted from January 17 to November 6, 1840 and the Republic of the Rio Grande was never officially recognized.- Background :After a...
  
  
• Republic of Texas
  Republic of Texas
  The Republic of Texas was an independent nation in North America, bordering the United States and Mexico, that existed from 1836 to 1846.Formed as a break-away republic from Mexico by the Texas Revolution, the state claimed borders that encompassed an area that included all of the present U.S...
  
  
• Republic of Yucatán
  Republic of Yucatán
  The Republic of Yucatan was a nineteenth century sovereign state during two periods of the century. The first Republic of Yucatan, founded May 29, 1823, joined the Mexican federation as the Federated Republic of Yucatán on December 23, 1823, less than seven months later...
  
  

United States

• Thirteen Colonies
  Thirteen Colonies
  The Thirteen Colonies were English and later British colonies established on the Atlantic coast of North America between 1607 and 1733. They declared their independence in the American Revolution and formed the United States of America...
  
  
  • Sons of Liberty
    Sons of Liberty
    The Sons of Liberty were a political group made up of American patriots that originated in the pre-independence North American British colonies. The group was formed to protect the rights of the colonists from the usurpations by the British government after 1766...
    
    
• Confederate States of America
  Confederate States of America
  The Confederate States of America was a government set up from 1861 to 1865 by 11 Southern slave states of the United States of America that had declared their secession from the U.S...
  
  
• New England's Secession Conventions of 1803, 1808, 1814, and 1843
• Republic of New Afrika
  Republic of New Afrika
  The Republic of New Afrika , was a social movement that proposed three objectives. First, the creation of an independent African-American-majority country situated in the southeastern United States. A similar claim is made for all the black-majority counties and cities throughout the United States...
  
  
• Texas Republic
  Republic of Texas
  The Republic of Texas was an independent nation in North America, bordering the United States and Mexico, that existed from 1836 to 1846.Formed as a break-away republic from Mexico by the Texas Revolution, the state claimed borders that encompassed an area that included all of the present U.S...
  
  
• Franklin
  State of Franklin
  The State of Franklin, known also as the Free Republic of Franklin or the State of Frankland , was an unrecognized autonomous United States territory created in 1784 from part of the territory west of the Appalachian Mountains that had been offered,...
  
  , secessionist North Carolina western territory (1784–1789)

Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of both the United States Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands.Puerto Rico comprises an...

 

• Autonomist Party

Popular Democratic Party

Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico

The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico is a political party that supports Puerto Rico's right to self-determination and sovereignty, through the enhancement of Puerto Rico's current status as a commonwealth....

 (PPD)

• Anti-Colonial National Liberation Movement

Puerto Rican Independence Movement

Puerto Rican independence movement

The Puerto Rican independence movement refers to initiatives throughout the history of Puerto Rico aimed at obtaining independence for the Island, first from Spain, and then from the United States...

Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño (PIP)

Brazil

Secessionist

• 
  Rio Grande do Sul
  Rio Grande do Sul
  Rio Grande do Sul is the southernmost state in Brazil, and the state with the fifth highest Human Development Index in the country. In this state is located the southernmost city in the country, Chuí, on the border with Uruguay. In the region of Bento Gonçalves and Caxias do Sul, the largest wine...
  
  
  • Political party: Movimento da Republica Rio-Grandense
  • Proposed state: República Rio-Grandense

• 
  Santa Catarina
  Santa Catarina (state)
  Santa Catarina is a state in southern Brazil with one of the highest standards of living in Latin America. Its capital is Florianópolis, which mostly lies on the Santa Catarina Island. Neighbouring states are Rio Grande do Sul to the south and Paraná to the north. It is bounded on the east by...
  
  
  • Proposed state: Juliana Republic
    Juliana Republic
    The Juliana Republic was declared in the imperial Brazilian province of Santa Catarina on July 24, 1839, and lasted only until November 15, 1839...
    
    

• 
  São Paulo
  São Paulo (state)
  São Paulo is a state in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy. Named after Saint Paul, São Paulo has the largest population, industrial complex, and economic production in the country. It is the richest state in Brazil...
  
  
  • Political party: Movimento São Paulo Independente, Movimento República de São Paulo, Constitutionalist Revolution of 1932, 1887 manifest, Acclaim of Amador Bueno
    Amador Bueno
    Amador Bueno was born around 1572 in the city of São Paulo, Captaincy of São Vicente which is now the State of São Paulo in Brazil. He was born to Bartholomeu Bueno da Ribeira, a Spanish settler from Seville and Maria Pires, from São Paulo, daughter of Salvador Pires and Mécia Fernandes...
    
    .
  • Proposed state: República de São Paulo

• • Proposed state: Confederation of the Equator
    Confederation of the Equator
    The Confederation of the Equator was a short-lived rebellion that occurred in the northeastern region of Brazil during that nation's struggle for independence from Portugal. The secessionist movement was led by wealthy landowners who opposed early reforms by the nation's first leader, Emperor...
    
    
  • Political party: parts of Pernambuco
    Pernambuco
    Pernambuco is a state of Brazil, located in the Northeast region of the country. To the north are the states of Paraíba and Ceará, to the west is Piauí, to the south are Alagoas and Bahia, and to the east is the Atlantic Ocean. There are about of beaches, some of the most beautiful in the...
    
    , Paraíba
    Paraíba
    Paraíba Paraíba Paraíba (Tupi: pa'ra a'íba: "bad to navigation"; Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: is a state of Brazil. It is located in the Brazilian Northeast, and is bordered by Rio Grande do Norte to the north, Ceará to the west, Pernambuco to the south and the Atlantic Ocean to the east...
    
     and Ceará
    Ceará
    Ceará is one of the 27 states of Brazil, located in the northeastern part of the country, on the Atlantic coast. It is currently the 8th largest Brazilian State by population and the 17th by area. It is also one of the main touristic destinations in Brazil. The state capital is the city of...
    
    

Colombia

• 
  Pasto
  Pasto
  Pasto, officially San Juan de Pasto, is the capital of the department of Nariño, located in southwest Colombia. The city is located in the "Atriz Valley", on the Andes cordillera, at the foot of the Galeras volcano, at an altitude of 8,290 feet above sea level...
  
  
  • Rebel organization: Remnants of the Royalist army

Australia

• 
  Western Australia
  Western Australia
  Western Australia is a state of Australia, occupying the entire western third of the Australian continent. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Great Australian Bight and Indian Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east and South Australia to the south-east...
  
   (Main article: Secessionism in Western Australia
  Secessionism in Western Australia
  Secessionism has been a recurring feature of Western Australia's political landscape since shortly after European settlement in 1829. The idea of self governance or secession has often been discussed through local newspaper articles and editorials and on a number of occasions has surfaced as very...
  
  )

New Zealand

• 
  South Island
  South Island
  The South Island is the larger of the two major islands of New Zealand, the other being the more populous North Island. It is bordered to the north by Cook Strait, to the west by the Tasman Sea, to the south and east by the Pacific Ocean...
  
   (Main article: South Island nationalism
  South Island nationalism
  South Island nationalism refers to a nationalist movement in the South Island of New Zealand. This political viewpoint is not widely held - in the 1999 elections the NZ South Island Party received 2,622 votes, 0.14% of the total...
  
  )
  • Political parties: South Island Party
    South Island Party (2008)
    The South Island Party was a small regionalist political party in New Zealand. It advocated South Island Independence. The party's leader was Richard Prosser, a contributor to Investigate, who had previously called for a regional Parliament for the South Island.The party was founded on the belief...
    
    
  • Pressure group: Southern Separation League
  • Autonomous region: New Munster

Vanuatu

• Political party: Nagriamel
  Nagriamel
  Nagriamel is a political movement initially based in the northern islands of the New Hebrides during the late 1970s.Nagriamel called for a focus on the traditional, village-centered way of life for the ni-Vanuatu people, though its messianic leader Jimmy Stevens and his compound in the Fanafo area...
  
  , New Hebrides Cultural Association, New Hebrides National Party
  New Hebrides National Party
  The New Hebrides National Party was a party formed in what was then the New Hebrides during the 1970s. It was one of two parties formed during the country's move towards independence. While the NHNP was supported by British interests, the Union of New Hebrides Communities was supported by French...
  
  , Vanua'aku Pati
  Vanua'aku Pati
  The Vanua'aku Pati is a political party in Vanuatu.At the last legislative elections, 1 September 2008, the party won 11 out of 52 seats, becoming the largest party in Parliament....
  
  
• Religious movement: John Frum
  John Frum
  John Frum is a figure associated with cargo cults on the island of Tanna in Vanuatu. He is often depicted as an American World War II serviceman, who will bring wealth and prosperity to the people if they follow him. He is sometimes portrayed as black, sometimes as white; from David Attenborough's...
  
  
• Parallel government: People's Provisional Government (PPG)

See also

• List of national liberation movements recognized by intergovernmental organizations