The non-marine molluscs of Madagascar

Madagascar

The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...

are a part of the molluscan fauna of Madagascar (wildlife of Madagascar

Wildlife of Madagascar

The wildlife of Madagascar is composed of its flora and fauna. The island has been isolated for about 70 million years. Because of this, a very high proportion of the plants and animals are endemic, occurring nowhere else in the world. Many species are related to those found in mainland Africa but...

).

In tropical rainforest

Tropical rainforest

A tropical rainforest is an ecosystem type that occurs roughly within the latitudes 28 degrees north or south of the equator . This ecosystem experiences high average temperatures and a significant amount of rainfall...

s of Madagascar, there is high diversity

Biodiversity

Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or an entire planet. Biodiversity is a measure of the health of ecosystems. Biodiversity is in part a function of climate. In terrestrial habitats, tropical regions are typically rich whereas polar regions...

 of species of terrestrial gastropods and many species has low population density

Population density

Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...

, so many of them are "extremely rare".

About 50% of land snails in Madagascar are related to land snails in Africa.

Freshwater gastropods

Pachychilidae

Pachychilidae

Pachychilidae, common name pachychilids, is a taxonomic family of freshwater snails, gastropod molluscs in the clade Sorbeoconcha.- Distribution :Pachychilids are freshwater snails with a worldwide distribution in the tropics...

the genus Madagasikara is endemic to Madagascar, 5 species

• Madagasikara spinosa (Lamarck, 1822) - the previously used name Melanatria fluminea being not valid, endemic
• Madagasikara madagascariensis (Grateloup, 1840) - endemic
• Madagasikara johnsoni
  Madagasikara johnsoni
  Madagasikara johnsoni is a species of tropical freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Pachychilidae.- Distribution :This species is endemic to Madagascar...
  
   (E. A. Smith, 1882) - endemic
• Madagasikara vivipara Köhler & Glaubrecht, 2010 - endemic
• Madagasikara zazavavindrano Köhler & Glaubrecht, 2010 - endemic
• Madagasikara vazimba Köhler & Glaubrecht, 2010 - endemic

Planorbidae

Planorbidae

Planorbidae, common name the ramshorn snails or ram's horn snails, is a family of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks....

 - there are 4 species of Bulinus

Bulinus

Bulinus is a genus of small tropical freshwater snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ramshorn snails and their allies....

:

• Bulinus bavayi - endemic
• Bulinus forskalii
  Bulinus forskalii
  Bulinus forskalii is a species of a tropical freshwater snail with a sinistral shell, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ramshorn snails and their allies.- Distribution :...
  
   - introduced
• Bulinus liratus - endemic
• Bulinus obtusispira
  Bulinus obtusispira
  Bulinus obtusispira is a species of a tropical freshwater snail with a sinistral shell, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ramshorn snails and their allies.- Distribution :...
  
   - endemic

Lymnaeidae

Lymnaeidae

Lymnaeidae is a taxonomic family of small to large air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks, that belong to the clade Hygrophila....

• Radix natalensis
  Radix natalensis
  Radix natalensis is a species of freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Lymnaeidae.It is widely distributed in Africa. It is a major intermediate host for Fasciola gigantica in Africa. Placement of this species in the genus Radix was confirmed by Correa et al...
  
   (Krauss, 1848)

Land gastropods

Megalomastomatidae

Megalomastomatidae

Megalomastomatidae is a family of tropical land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Cyclophoroidea .This family has no subfamilies.- Genera :...

• Acroptychia mahafinaritra

Cyclophoridae

Cyclophoridae

Cyclophoridae is a taxonomic family of small to large tropical land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the informal group Architaenioglossa belonging to the clade Caenogastropoda .- Taxonomy :This family consists of the following subfamilies according to the taxonomy of...

• Boucardicus anjarae
• Boucardicus avo
• Boucardicus hetra
• Boucardicus lalinify
• Boucardicus mahavariana
• Boucardicus matoatoa
• Boucardicus menoi
• Boucardicus peggyae
• Boucardicus pulchellus
• Boucardicus tantelyae
• Cyathopoma anjombona
• Cyathopoma hoditra
• Cyathopoma iridescens
• Cyathopoma madio
• Cyathopoma matsoko

Veronicellidae

Veronicellidae

The Veronicellidae, common name the leatherleaf slugs, are a terrestrial family of pulmonate slugs.This family has no subfamilies ....

• a veronicellid sp. or spp.

Orculidae

Orculidae

Orculidae is a family of mostly minute, air-breathing, land snails; terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the order Pulmonata.- Taxonomy :...

• Fauxulus josephinae Emberton & Griffiths, 2009
• Fauxulus tsarakely

Succineidae

Succineidae

Succineidae are a family of small to medium-sized, air-breathing, land snails , terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. They are commonly called amber snails because their thin fragile shells are translucent and amber-colored...

• Succinea masoala Emberton & Griffiths, 2009

Subulinidae

Subulinidae

Subulinidae is a family of small tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Achatinoidea.- Anatomy :...

• Allopeas
  Allopeas
  Allopeas, common name the "awl snails", is a genus of small, tropical, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Subulinidae.- Species :The genus Allopeas includes the following species:...
  
   sp. 1 sensu Emberton & Griffiths (2009)
• Allopeas sp. 2 sensu Emberton & Griffiths (2009)
• Curvella poutiersi Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1994
• Pseudopeas cf. valentini Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1994
• Subulina mamillata (Craven, 1880)
• Subulina octona
  Subulina octona
  Subulina octona is a species of small, tropical, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Subulinidae.- Distribution :The native distribution of this species includes:* Caribbean* Cuba...
  
   (Bruguière, 1792)

Achatinidae

Achatinidae

Achatinidae is a family of medium to large sized tropical land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks from Africa...

• Achatina fulica Bowdich, 1822
• Achatina immaculata
  Achatina immaculata
  Achatina immaculata is a species of very large, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinidae.- Subspecies :Subspecies within this species include:* Achatina immaculata immaculata...
  
   Lamarck, 1822

Streptaxidae

Streptaxidae

Streptaxidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in theStylommatophora. Six Streptaxidae subfamilies are accepted in the 2005 taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi....

• Fischerpietteus josephinae Emberton & Griffiths, 2009
• Gulella ambodipelomosiae Emberton, 2002
• Gulella andriantanteliae
• Gulella beandreana Emberton, 2001
• Gulella betamponae Emberton, 2002
• Gulella kelimolotra Emberton, 2002
• Gulella kendrae Emberton & Griffiths, 2009
• Gulella laninifia Emberton, 2002
• Gulella lincolni Emberton & Griffiths, 2009
• Gulella matavymolotra Emberton, 2002
• Gulella minuseula Emberton & Pearce, 2000
• Gulella ruthae Emberton, 2002
• Gulella sahia Emberton, 2002
• Gulella soulaiana Fischer-Piette, 1973
• Gulella taolantehezana Emberton, 2002
• Gulella thompsoni
• Gulella sp. 1 sensu Emberton & Griffiths (2009)
• Gulella sp. 2 sensu Emberton & Griffiths (2009)
• Gulella sp. 3 sensu Emberton & Griffiths (2009)

• Parvedentulina
  Parvedentulina
  Parvedentulina is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.94 species of Parvedentulina were known in 2002 although the majority of these species were described in 2002...
  
   Emberton & Pearce, 2000 - Parvedentulina are endemic to Madagascar

Acavidae

Acavidae

Acavidae is a taxonomic family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Acavoidea .- Anatomy :...

• Ampelita ambatoensis Emberton & Griffiths, 2009
• Ampelita julii
  Ampelita julii
  Ampelita julii is a species of tropical air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Acavidae. This species is endemic to Madagascar....
  
   Fischer-Piette & Garreau, 1965 - Ampelita julii soa Emberton & Griffiths, 2009
• Ampelita lamarei (Pfeiffer, 1853)
• Ampelita owengriffithsi
• Clavator moreleti
  Clavator moreleti
  Clavator moreleti is a species of air-breathing land snail, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Acavidae.This species is endemic to Madagascar....
  
   Crosse & Fischer, 1868 / Clavator moreleti
  Clavator moreleti
  Clavator moreleti is a species of air-breathing land snail, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Acavidae.This species is endemic to Madagascar....
  
   (Deshayes in Férussac, 1851)
• Helicophanta amphibulima (Férussac, 1839)

Charopidae

Charopidae

Charopidae is a taxonomic family of small air-breathing land snails , terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Punctoidea .- Subfamilies and genera :The family Charopidae consists of the following subfamilies:* Charopinae Hutton, 1884 - synonyms:...

• Reticulapex michellae

Ariophantidae

Ariophantidae

Ariophantidae is a taxonomic family of air-breathing land snails and semi-slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicarionoidea .- Distribution :...

• Kalidos gora Emberton et al., 2010
• Kalidos manotrika Emberton et al., 2010
• Kalidos manta Emberton et al., 2010

Helicarionidae

Helicarionidae

Helicarionidae is a family of air-breathing land snails or semi-slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicarionoidea.- Distribution :...

• Kaliella crandalli
• Microcystis albosuturalis
• Microcystis fotsifotsy
• Microcystis vony
• Sitala burchi
• Sitala mavo
• Sitala stanisici

See also

• List of marine molluscs of Madagascar
• List of non-marine molluscs of Mozambique
• List of non-marine molluscs of Mauritius
• List of non-marine molluscs of Mayotte

External links

• Emberton K. C. (2009). "Pulmonate land mollusks from three rainforest transects in northeastern Madagascar: part 2 of 2, with descriptions of 21 new species: (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Stylommatophora)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde 138(2): 169-203. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/138/169-203.
• Smith E. A.
  Edgar Albert Smith
  Edgar Albert Smith was a British zoologist, a malacologist.His father was the Frederick Smith, a well-known entomologist, and Assistant Keeper of Zoology in the British Museum, Bloomsbury...
  
   (1882). "A contribution to the Molluscan fauna of Madagascar". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1882: 375-390.