A medical procedure is a course of action intended to achieve a result in the care of persons with health problems.

A medical procedure with the intention of determining, measuring or diagnosing

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is the identification of the nature and cause of anything. Diagnosis is used in many different disciplines with variations in the use of logics, analytics, and experience to determine the cause and effect relationships...

 a patient condition or parameter is also called a medical test

Medical test

A diagnostic test is any kind of medical test performed to aid in the diagnosis or detection of disease. For example:* to diagnose diseases, and preferably sub-classify it regarding, for example, severity and treatability...

. Other common kinds of procedures are therapeutic (i.e., with the intention or treating, curing or restoring function or structure), including the large group of surgical

Surgery

Surgery is an ancient medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury, or to help improve bodily function or appearance.An act of performing surgery may be called a surgical...

 procedures. Rehabilitation

Physical medicine and rehabilitation

Physical medicine and rehabilitation , physiatry or rehabilitation medicine, is a branch of medicine that aims to enhance and restore functional ability and quality of life to those with physical impairments or disabilities. A physician having completed training in this field is referred to as a...

 procedures are included in this group.

Definition

• "An activity directed at or performed on an individual with the object of improving health, treating disease or injury, or making a diagnosis."
• "The act or conduct of diagnosis, treatment, or operation."
• "A series of steps by which a desired result is accomplished."
• "The sequence of steps to be followed in establishing some course of action."

Propedeutic

• Auscultation
  Auscultation
  Auscultation is the term for listening to the internal sounds of the body, usually using a stethoscope...
  
  
• Medical inspection
• Palpation
  Palpation
  Palpation is used as part of a physical examination in which an object is felt to determine its size, shape, firmness, or location...
  
  
• Percussion (medicine)
  Percussion (medicine)
  Percussion is a method of tapping on a surface to determine the underlying structure, and is used in clinical examinations to assess the condition of the thorax or abdomen. It is one of the four methods of clinical examination, together with inspection, palpation and auscultation...
  
  
• Temperature examination

Diagnostic

• Cardiac stress test
  Cardiac stress test
  Cardiac stress test is a test used in medicine and cardiology to measure the heart's ability to respond to external stress in a controlled clinical environment....
  
  
• Electrocardiography
• Electroencephalography
  Electroencephalography
  Electroencephalography is the recording of electrical activity along the scalp. EEG measures voltage fluctuations resulting from ionic current flows within the neurons of the brain...
  
  
• Electrocorticography
  Electrocorticography
  Electrocorticography is the practice of using electrodes placed directly on the exposed surface of the brain to record electrical activity from the cerebral cortex. ECoG may be performed either in the operating room during surgery or outside of surgery...
  
  
• Electromyography
  Electromyography
  Electromyography is a technique for evaluating and recording the electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles. EMG is performed using an instrument called an electromyograph, to produce a record called an electromyogram. An electromyograph detects the electrical potential generated by muscle...
  
  
• Electroneuronography
  Electroneuronography
  Electroneuronography is a neurological non-invasive test that was first described by Esslen and Fisch in 1979 and is used to examine the integrity and conductivity of a peripheral nerve...
  
  
• Electronystagmography
  Electronystagmography
  Electronystagmography is a diagnostic test to record involuntary movements of the eye caused by a condition known as nystagmus. It can also be used to diagnose the cause of vertigo, dizziness or balance dysfunction by testing the vestibular system....
  
  
• Electrooculography
  Electrooculography
  Electrooculography is a technique for measuring the resting potential of the retina. The resulting signal is called the electrooculogram. The main applications are in ophthalmological diagnosis and in recording eye movements...
  
  
• Electroretinography
  Electroretinography
  Electroretinography measures the electrical responses of various cell types in the retina, including the photoreceptors , inner retinal cells , and the ganglion cells. Electrodes are usually placed on the cornea and the skin near the eye, although it is possible to record the ERG from skin electrodes...
  
  
• Endoluminal capsule monitoring
  Endoluminal capsule monitoring
  Endoluminal capsule monitoring is a non-invasive medical diagnostic procedure which uses a miniaturized wireless radio transmitter embedded into an ingestible water-tight capsule...
  
  
• Endoscopy
  Endoscopy
  Endoscopy means looking inside and typically refers to looking inside the body for medical reasons using an endoscope , an instrument used to examine the interior of a hollow organ or cavity of the body. Unlike most other medical imaging devices, endoscopes are inserted directly into the organ...
  
  
  • Colonoscopy
    Colonoscopy
    Colonoscopy is the endoscopic examination of the large bowel and the distal part of the small bowel with a CCD camera or a fiber optic camera on a flexible tube passed through the anus. It may provide a visual diagnosis and grants the opportunity for biopsy or removal of suspected...
    
    
  • Colposcopy
    Colposcopy
    Colposcopy is a medical diagnostic procedure to examine an illuminated, magnified view of the cervix and the tissues of the vagina and vulva. Many premalignant lesions and malignant lesions in these areas have discernible characteristics which can be detected through the examination...
    
    
  • Cystoscopy
    Cystoscopy
    Cystoscopy is endoscopy of the urinary bladder via the urethra. It is carried out with a cystoscope.Diagnostic cystoscopy is usually carried out with local anaesthesia...
    
    
  • Gastroscopy
  • Laparoscopy
    Laparoscopy
    Laparoscopy is an operation performed in the abdomen or pelvis through small incisions with the aid of a camera...
    
    
  • Laryngoscopy
    Laryngoscopy
    Laryngoscopy is a medical procedure that is used to obtain a view of the vocal folds and the glottis. Laryngoscopy may be performed to facilitate tracheal intubation during general anesthesia or cardiopulmonary resuscitation or for procedures on the larynx or other parts of the upper...
    
    
  • Ophthalmoscopy
    Ophthalmoscopy
    Ophthalmoscopy is a test that allows a health professional to see inside the fundus of the eye and other structures using an ophthalmoscope . It is done as part of an eye examination and may be done as part of a routine physical examination...
    
    
  • Otoscopy
  • Sigmoidoscopy
    Sigmoidoscopy
    Sigmoidoscopy From Greek Sigma - eidos - scopy, to look inside an s-like object, is the minimally invasive medical examination of the large intestine from the rectum through the last part of the colon. There are two types of sigmoidoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy, which uses a flexible endoscope,...
    
    
• Esophageal motility study
  Esophageal motility study
  An esophageal motility study or esophageal manometry is a test to assess motor function of the Upper Esophageal Sphincter , Esophageal body and Lower Esophageal Sphincter .-Indications:...
  
  
• Evoked potential
  Evoked potential
  An evoked potential is an electrical potential recorded from the nervous system of a human or other animal following presentation of a stimulus, as distinct from spontaneous potentials as detected by electroencephalography or electromyography .Evoked potential amplitudes tend to be low, ranging...
  
  
• Magnetoencephalography
  Magnetoencephalography
  Magnetoencephalography is a technique for mapping brain activity by recording magnetic fields produced by electrical currents occurring naturally in the brain, using arrays of SQUIDs...
  
  
• Medical imaging
  Medical imaging
  Medical imaging is the technique and process used to create images of the human body for clinical purposes or medical science...
  
  
  • Angiography
    • Aortography
      Aortography
      An aortogram involves placement of a catheter in the aorta and injection of contrast material while taking x-rays of the aorta. The procedure is known as aortography...
      
      
    • Cerebral angiography
      Cerebral angiography
      Cerebral angiography is a form of angiography which provides images of blood vessels in and around the brain, thereby allowing detection of abnormalities such as arteriovenous malformations and aneurysms....
      
      
    • Coronary angiography
    • Lymphangiography
    • Pulmonary angiography
      Pulmonary angiography
      Pulmonary angiography is a cardiological medical procedure. Pulmonary blood vessels are x-rayed to detect arteriovenous malformations....
      
      
    • Ventriculography
      Cardiac ventriculography
      Cardiac Ventriculography is a medical imaging test used to determine a patient's cardiac function in the right, or more typically, left ventricle. Cardiac ventriculography involves injecting contrast media into the heart's ventricle to measure the volume of blood pumped...
      
      
  • Chest photofluorography
  • Computed tomography
    Computed tomography
    X-ray computed tomography or Computer tomography , is a medical imaging method employing tomography created by computer processing...
    
    
  • Echocardiography
    Echocardiography
    An echocardiogram, often referred to in the medical community as a cardiac ECHO or simply an ECHO, is a sonogram of the heart . Also known as a cardiac ultrasound, it uses standard ultrasound techniques to image two-dimensional slices of the heart...
    
    
  • Electrical impedance tomography
    Electrical impedance tomography
    Electrical impedance tomography is a medical imaging technique in which an image of the conductivity or permittivity of part of the body is inferred from surface electrical measurements. Typically, conducting electrodes are attached to the skin of the subject and small alternating currents are...
    
    
  • Fluoroscopy
    Fluoroscopy
    Fluoroscopy is an imaging technique commonly used by physicians to obtain real-time moving images of the internal structures of a patient through the use of a fluoroscope. In its simplest form, a fluoroscope consists of an X-ray source and fluorescent screen between which a patient is placed...
    
    
  • Magnetic resonance imaging
    Magnetic resonance imaging
    Magnetic resonance imaging , nuclear magnetic resonance imaging , or magnetic resonance tomography is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to visualize detailed internal structures...
    
    
    • Diffuse optical imaging
    • Diffusion-weighted imaging
    • Diffusion tensor imaging
    • Functional magnetic resonance imaging
      Functional magnetic resonance imaging
      Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI is a type of specialized MRI scan used to measure the hemodynamic response related to neural activity in the brain or spinal cord of humans or other animals. It is one of the most recently developed forms of neuroimaging...
      
      
  • Positron emission tomography
    Positron emission tomography
    Positron emission tomography is nuclear medicine imaging technique that produces a three-dimensional image or picture of functional processes in the body. The system detects pairs of gamma rays emitted indirectly by a positron-emitting radionuclide , which is introduced into the body on a...
    
    
  • Radiography
    Radiography
    Radiography is the use of X-rays to view a non-uniformly composed material such as the human body. By using the physical properties of the ray an image can be developed which displays areas of different density and composition....
    
    
  • Scintillography
    Scintillography
    Scintillography is an imaging method of nuclear events provoked by collisions or charged current interactions among nuclear particles or ionizing radiation and atoms which result in a brief, localised pulse of electromagnetic radiation, usually in the visible light range...
    
    
  • SPECT
  • Ultrasonography
    • Gynecologic ultrasonography
      Gynecologic ultrasonography
      Gynecologic ultrasonography or Gynecologic sonography refers to the application of medical ultrasonography to the female pelvic organs, specifically the uterus, the ovaries, the Fallopian tubes, as well as the bladder, the adnexa, the Pouch of Douglas, and any findings in the pelvis of relevance...
      
      
    • Obstetric ultrasonography
      Obstetric ultrasonography
      Obstetric sonography is the application of medical ultrasonography to obstetrics, in which sonography is used to visualize the embryo or foetus in its mother's uterus...
      
      
    • Contrast-enhanced ultrasound
    • Intravascular ultrasound
      Intravascular ultrasound
      Intravascular ultrasound is a medical imaging methodology using a specially designed catheter with a miniaturized ultrasound probe attached to the distal end of the catheter. The proximal end of the catheter is attached to computerized ultrasound equipment...
      
      
  • Thermography
    Thermography
    Infrared thermography, thermal imaging, and thermal video are examples of infrared imaging science. Thermal imaging cameras detect radiation in the infrared range of the electromagnetic spectrum and produce images of that radiation, called thermograms...
    
    
  • Virtual colonoscopy
    Virtual colonoscopy
    Virtual colonoscopy is a medical imaging procedure which uses x-rays and computers to produce two- and three-dimensional images of the colon from the lowest part, the rectum, all the way to the lower end of the small intestine and display them on a screen...
    
    
• Neuroimaging
  Neuroimaging
  Neuroimaging includes the use of various techniques to either directly or indirectly image the structure, function/pharmacology of the brain...
  
  
• Posturography
  Posturography
  Posturography is a general term that covers all the techniques used to quantify postural control in upright stance in either static or dynamic conditions...
  
  

Therapeutic

See also: Therapy

Therapy

This is a list of types of therapy .* Adventure therapy* Animal-assisted therapy* Aquatic therapy* Aromatherapy* Art and dementia* Art therapy* Authentic Movement* Behavioral therapy* Bibliotherapy* Buteyko Method* Chemotherapy...

, List of surgical procedures

• Precordial thump
  Precordial thump
  The precordial thump is a medical procedure that may used by healthcare professionals, to respond to ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia under certain conditions. The procedure is outside the scope of first-aid treatment and requires, at minimum, training in advanced cardiac life...
  
  
• Politzerization
  Politzerization
  Politzerization, also called the Politzer maneuver or method, is a medical procedure that involves inflating the middle ear by blowing air up the nose during the act of swallowing...
  
  
• Hemodialysis
  Hemodialysis
  In medicine, hemodialysis is a method for removing waste products such as creatinine and urea, as well as free water from the blood when the kidneys are in renal failure. Hemodialysis is one of three renal replacement therapies .Hemodialysis can be an outpatient or inpatient therapy...
  
  
• Hemofiltration
  Hemofiltration
  In medicine, hemofiltration, also haemofiltration, is a renal replacement therapy similar to hemodialysis which is used almost exclusively in the intensive care setting...
  
  
• Plasmapheresis
  Plasmapheresis
  Plasmapheresis is the removal, treatment, and return of blood plasma from blood circulation. It is thus an extracorporeal therapy...
  
  
• Apheresis
  Apheresis
  Apheresis is a medical technology in which the blood of a donor or patient is passed through an apparatus that separates out one particular constituent and returns the remainder to the circulation...
  
  
• Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
  Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
  In intensive care medicine, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is an extracorporeal technique of providing both cardiac and respiratory support oxygen to patients whose heart and lungs are so severely diseased or damaged that they can no longer serve their function...
  
   (ECMO)
• Cancer immunotherapy
  Cancer immunotherapy
  Cancer immunotherapy is the use of the immune system to reject cancer. The main premise is stimulating the patient's immune system to attack the malignant tumor cells that are responsible for the disease...
  
  
• Cancer vaccine
  Cancer vaccine
  The term cancer vaccine refers to a vaccine that either prevents infections with cancer-causing viruses, treats existing cancer or prevents the development of cancer in certain high risk individuals...
  
  
• Cervical conization
  Cervical conization
  Cervical conization refers to a biopsy of the cervix in which a cone-shaped sample of tissue is removed from the mucous membrane. Conization may be used either for diagnostic purposes, or for therapeutic purposes to remove pre-cancerous cells.Types include:* cold knife conization...
  
  
• Chemotherapy
  Chemotherapy
  Chemotherapy is the treatment of cancer with an antineoplastic drug or with a combination of such drugs into a standardized treatment regimen....
  
  
• Cytoluminescent therapy
  Cytoluminescent therapy
  Cytoluminescent Therapy is a proposed cancer treatment as a form of Photodynamic Therapy characterized by a photosensitiser that is supposedly eliminated from normal tissue but selectively accumulated in neoplastic and dysplastic tissue. This is followed by whole body irradiation with light of...
  
  
• Insulin potentiation therapy
  Insulin potentiation therapy
  Insulin potentiation therapy is an alternative cancer treatment using insulin and low-dose chemotherapy.The therapeutic approach is said to take advantage of the endogenous molecular biology of cancer cells, specifically the secretion of insulin and insulin-like growth factor, and the interaction...
  
  
• Low-dose chemotherapy
• Monoclonal antibody therapy
  Monoclonal antibody therapy
  Monoclonal antibody therapy is the use of monoclonal antibodies to specifically bind to target cells or proteins. This may then stimulate the patient's immune system to attack those cells...
  
  
• Photodynamic therapy
  Photodynamic therapy
  Photodynamic therapy is used clinically to treat a wide range of medical conditions, including malignant cancers, and is recognised as a treatment strategy which is both minimally invasive and minimally toxic...
  
  
• Radiation therapy
  Radiation therapy
  Radiation therapy , radiation oncology, or radiotherapy , sometimes abbreviated to XRT or DXT, is the medical use of ionizing radiation, generally as part of cancer treatment to control malignant cells.Radiation therapy is commonly applied to the cancerous tumor because of its ability to control...
  
  
• Targeted therapy
  Targeted therapy
  Targeted therapy is a type of medication that blocks the growth of cancer cells by interfering with specific targeted molecules needed for carcinogenesis and tumor growth, rather than by simply interfering with rapidly dividing cells...
  
  
• Tracheal intubation
  Tracheal intubation
  Tracheal intubation, usually simply referred to as intubation, is the placement of a flexible plastic or rubber tube into the trachea to maintain an open airway or to serve as a conduit through which to administer certain drugs...
  
  
• Unsealed source radiotherapy
  Unsealed source radiotherapy
  Unsealed source radiotherapy relates to the use of soluble forms of radioactive substances which are administered to the body by injection or ingestion. Such substances are typically used for their biological properties, which are similar to their non-radioactive parent substance.A review of the...
  
  
• Virtual reality therapy
  Virtual reality therapy
  Virtual reality therapy , also known as virtual reality immersion therapy , or virtual reality exposure therapy , and as Computerised CBT , is a method of psychotherapy that uses virtual reality technology to treat patients with anxiety disorders and phobias where it has proven very effective. It...
  
  
• Physical therapy
  Physical therapy
  Physical therapy , often abbreviated PT, is a health care profession. Physical therapy is concerned with identifying and maximizing quality of life and movement potential within the spheres of promotion, prevention, diagnosis, treatment/intervention,and rehabilitation...
  
  
• Speech therapy
• Phototerapy
• Hydrotherapy
  Hydrotherapy
  Hydrotherapy, formerly called hydropathy, involves the use of water for pain-relief and treating illness. The term hydrotherapy itself is synonymous with the term water cure as it was originally marketed by practitioners and promoters in the 19th century...
  
  
• Heat therapy
  Heat therapy
  Heat therapy, also called thermotherapy, is the application of heat to the body for pain relief and health. It can take the form of a hot cloth, hot water, ultrasound, heating pad, hydrocollator packs, whirlpool baths, cordless FIR heat therapy wrap, and many others. It can be beneficial to those...
  
  
• Shock therapy
  Electroconvulsive therapy
  Electroconvulsive therapy , formerly known as electroshock, is a psychiatric treatment in which seizures are electrically induced in anesthetized patients for therapeutic effect. Its mode of action is unknown...
  
  
  • Insulin shock therapy
    Insulin shock therapy
    Insulin shock therapy or insulin coma therapy was a form of psychiatric treatment in which patients were repeatedly injected with large doses of insulin in order to produce daily comas over several weeks...
    
    
  • Electroconvulsive therapy
    Electroconvulsive therapy
    Electroconvulsive therapy , formerly known as electroshock, is a psychiatric treatment in which seizures are electrically induced in anesthetized patients for therapeutic effect. Its mode of action is unknown...
    
    
  • Symptomatic treatment
    Symptomatic treatment
    Symptomatic treatment is any medical therapy of a disease that only affects its symptoms, not its cause, i.e., its etiology. It is usually aimed at reducing the signs and symptoms for the comfort and well-being of the patient, but it also may be useful in reducing organic consequences and sequelae...
    
    
• Fluid replacement therapy
• Palliative care
  Palliative care
  Palliative care is a specialized area of healthcare that focuses on relieving and preventing the suffering of patients...
  
  
• Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
  Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
  Hyperbaric medicine, also known as hyperbaric oxygen therapy , is the medical use of oxygen at a level higher than atmospheric pressure. The equipment required consists of a pressure chamber, which may be of rigid or flexible construction, and a means of delivering 100% oxygen...
  
  
• Oxygen therapy
  Oxygen therapy
  Oxygen therapy is the administration of oxygen as a medical intervention, which can be for a variety of purposes in both chronic and acute patient care...
  
  
• Gene therapy
  Gene therapy
  Gene therapy is the insertion, alteration, or removal of genes within an individual's cells and biological tissues to treat disease. It is a technique for correcting defective genes that are responsible for disease development...
  
  
• Enzyme replacement therapy
  Enzyme replacement therapy
  Enzyme replacement therapy is a medical treatment replacing an enzyme in patients in whom that particular enzyme is deficient or absent. Usually this is done by giving the patient an intravenous infusion containing the enzyme...
  
  
• Intravenous therapy
  Intravenous therapy
  Intravenous therapy or IV therapy is the infusion of liquid substances directly into a vein. The word intravenous simply means "within a vein". Therapies administered intravenously are often called specialty pharmaceuticals...
  
  
• Kinesiotherapy
  Kinesiotherapy
  Kinesiotherapy is the application of scientifically based exercise principles adapted to enhance the strength, endurance, and mobility of individuals with functional limitations of those requiring extended physical conditioning.- Occupational description :...
  
  
• Phage therapy
  Phage therapy
  Phage therapy is the therapeutic use of bacteriophages to treat pathogenic bacterial infections. Although extensively used and developed mainly in former Soviet Union countries circa 1920, this method of therapy is still being tested for treatment of a variety of bacterial and poly-microbial...
  
  
• Respiratory therapy
  Respiratory therapy
  Respiratory therapy is a healthcare profession in which specialists work with patients suffering from either acute or chronic respiratory problems. These specialists are termed Respiratory Therapists in most places internationally but may also be referred to as Respiratory Scientists or...
  
  
• Vision therapy
  Vision therapy
  Vision therapy, also known as visual training, vision training, or visual therapy, is a broad group of techniques aimed at correcting and improving binocular, oculomotor, visual processing, and perceptual disorders."-Historical development:...
  
  
• Electrotherapy
  Electrotherapy
  Electrotherapy is the use of electrical energy as a medical treatment In medicine, the term electrotherapy can apply to a variety of treatments, including the use of electrical devices such as deep brain stimulators for neurological disease. The term has also been applied specifically to the use of...
  
  
• Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
  Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
  Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is the use of electric current produced by a device to stimulate the nerves for therapeutic purposes...
  
   (TENS)
• Laser therapy
• Combination therapy
  Combination therapy
  Combination therapy or polytherapy is the use of more than one medication or other therapy. In contrast, monotherapy is any therapy which is taken by itself....
  
  
• Occupational therapy
  Occupational therapy
  Occupational therapy is a discipline that aims to promote health by enabling people to perform meaningful and purposeful activities. Occupational therapists work with individuals who suffer from a mentally, physically, developmentally, and/or emotionally disabling condition by utilizing treatments...
  
  
• Immunization
  Immunization
  Immunization, or immunisation, is the process by which an individual's immune system becomes fortified against an agent ....
  
  
• Vaccination
  Vaccination
  Vaccination is the administration of antigenic material to stimulate the immune system of an individual to develop adaptive immunity to a disease. Vaccines can prevent or ameliorate the effects of infection by many pathogens...
  
  
• Immunosuppressive therapy
• Psychotherapy
  Psychotherapy
  Psychotherapy is a general term referring to any form of therapeutic interaction or treatment contracted between a trained professional and a client or patient; family, couple or group...
  
  
• Drug therapy
• Acupuncture
  Acupuncture
  Acupuncture is a type of alternative medicine that treats patients by insertion and manipulation of solid, generally thin needles in the body....
  
  
• Antivenom
• Magnetic therapy
• Craniosacral therapy
  Craniosacral therapy
  Craniosacral therapy is an alternative medicine therapy used by osteopaths, massage therapists, naturopaths, and chiropractors. A craniosacral therapy session involves the therapist placing their hands on the patient, which allows them to "tune into the craniosacral rhythm"...
  
  
• Chelation therapy
  Chelation therapy
  Chelation therapy is the administration of chelating agents to remove heavy metals from the body. For the most common forms of heavy metal intoxication—those involving lead, arsenic or mercury—the standard of care in the United States dictates the use of dimercaptosuccinic acid...
  
  
• Hormonal therapy
• Hormone replacement therapy
  Hormone replacement therapy (menopause)
  Hormone replacement therapy is a system of medical treatment for surgically menopausal, perimenopausal and to a lesser extent postmenopausal women...
  
  
• Opiate replacement therapy
  Opiate replacement therapy
  Opioid replacement therapy is the medical procedure of replacing an illegal opioid drug such as heroin with a longer acting but less euphoric opioid, usually methadone or buprenorphine, that is taken under medical supervision. In some countries patients may be treated with slow-release morphine...
  
  
• Cell therapy
  Cell therapy
  Cell therapy describes the process of introducing new cells into a tissue in order to treat a disease. Cell therapies often focus on the treatment of hereditary diseases, with or without the addition of gene therapy...
  
  
• Stem cell treatments
  Stem cell treatments
  Stem cell treatments are a type of intervention strategy that introduces new cells into damaged tissue in order to treat disease or injury. Many medical researchers believe that stem cell treatments have the potential to change the face of human disease and alleviate suffering...
  
  
• Proton therapy
  Proton therapy
  Proton therapy is a type of particle therapy which uses a beam of protons to irradiate diseased tissue, most often in the treatment of cancer. The chief advantage of proton therapy is the ability to more precisely localize the radiation dosage when compared with other types of external beam...
  
  
• Intubation
  Intubation
  Tracheal intubation, usually simply referred to as intubation, is the placement of a flexible plastic or rubber tube into the trachea to maintain an open airway or to serve as a conduit through which to administer certain drugs...
  
  
• Nebulization
  Atomization
  Atomization or Atomizer may refer to:* The conversion of a vaporized sample into atomic components in atomic spectroscopy* An apparatus using an atomizer nozzle* Atomizer Geyser, a cone geyser in Yellowstone National Park...
  
  
• Inhalation therapy
• Ion therapy
  Ion therapy
  Negative air ionization therapy is the use of air ionisers as an experimental non-pharmaceutical treatment for seasonal affective disorder and mild depression....
  
  
• Fluoride therapy
  Fluoride therapy
  Fluoride therapy is the delivery of fluoride to the teeth topically or systemically in order to prevent tooth decay which results in cavities. Most commonly, fluoride is applied topically to the teeth using gels, varnishes, toothpaste/dentifrices or mouth rinse. Systemic delivery involves...
  
  
• Cold compression therapy
  Cold compression therapy
  Cold Compression Therapy combines two of the principles of R.I.C.E. to reduce pain and swelling from a sports or activity injury to soft tissues and recommended by orthopedic surgeons following surgery...
  
  
• Animal-Assisted Therapy
  Animal-Assisted Therapy
  Animal-assisted therapy is a relatively new field of study, although the human-animal bond has existed for thousands of years. AAT is a type of therapy that involves animals as a form of treatment. The goal of AAT is to improve a patient’s social, emotional, or cognitive functioning...
  
  
• Negative Pressure Wound Therapy
  Negative Pressure Wound Therapy
  Negative-pressure wound therapy is a therapeutic technique using a vacuum dressing to promote healing in acute or chronic wounds and enhance healing of first and second degree burns. The therapy involves the controlled application of sub-atmospheric pressure to the local wound environment, using a...
  
  
• Nicotine replacement therapy
  Nicotine replacement therapy
  Nicotine replacement therapy is the remedial administration of nicotine to the body by means other than tobacco, usually as part of smoking cessation. Common forms of nicotine replacement therapy are nicotine patches and nicotine gum...
  
  
• Oral rehydration therapy
  Oral rehydration therapy
  Oral rehydration therapy is a simple treatment for dehydration associated with diarrhoea, particularly gastroenteritis or gastroenteropathy, such as that caused by cholera or rotavirus. ORT consists of a solution of salts and sugars which is taken by mouth...
  
  

Surgical

• Stereotactic surgery
  Stereotactic surgery
  Stereotactic surgery or stereotaxy is a minimally invasive form of surgical intervention which makes use of a three-dimensional coordinates system to locate small targets inside the body and to perform on them some action such as ablation, biopsy, lesion, injection, stimulation, implantation,...
  
  
• Radiosurgery
  Radiosurgery
  Radiosurgery is a medical procedure that allows non-invasive treatment of benign and malignant tumors. It is also known as stereotactic radiotherapy, when used to target lesions in the brain, and stereotactic body radiotherapy when used to target lesions in the body...
  
  
• Endoscopic surgery
• Lithotomy
  Lithotomy
  Lithotomy from Greek for "lithos" and "tomos" , is a surgical method for removal of calculi, stones formed inside certain hollow organs, such as the kidneys , bladder , and gallbladder , that cannot exit naturally through the urinary system or biliary tract...
  
  
• Image-guided surgery
  Image-guided surgery
  Image-guided surgery is the general term used for any surgical procedure where the surgeon employs tracked surgical instruments in conjunction with preoperative or intraoperative images in order to indirectly guide the procedure. Most image-guided surgical procedures are minimally invasive...
  
  
• Facial rejuvenation
  Facial rejuvenation
  Facial rejuvenation is any cosmetic or medical procedure used to increase or restore the appearance of a younger age to human face. The specific term, however, refers to a set of surgical procedures which try to restore facial geometry and skin appearance which are typical of youth, by using a...
  
  
• Neovaginoplasty
• Vaginoplasty
  Vaginoplasty
  thumb|right|300px|Vaginoplasty: the pre-operative aspect , and the post-operative aspect of a [[Labiaplasty|labial reduction]].Vaginoplasty is a reconstructive plastic surgery procedure for correcting the defects and deformities of the vaginal canal and its mucous membrane, and of vulvo-vaginal...
  
  
• Ablation
  Ablation
  Ablation is removal of material from the surface of an object by vaporization, chipping, or other erosive processes. This occurs in spaceflight during ascent and atmospheric reentry, glaciology, medicine, and passive fire protection.-Spaceflight:...
  
  
• Amputation
  Amputation
  Amputation is the removal of a body extremity by trauma, prolonged constriction, or surgery. As a surgical measure, it is used to control pain or a disease process in the affected limb, such as malignancy or gangrene. In some cases, it is carried out on individuals as a preventative surgery for...
  
  
• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
  Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
  Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an emergency procedure which is performed in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function until further measures are taken to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person in cardiac arrest. It is indicated in those who are unresponsive...
  
   (CPR)
• Cryosurgery
  Cryosurgery
  Cryosurgery is the application of extreme cold to destroy abnormal or diseased tissue. The term comes from the Greek words cryo and surgery meaning "hand work" or "handiwork"....
  
  
• General surgery
  General surgery
  General surgery, despite its name, is a surgical specialty that focuses on abdominal organs, e.g., intestines including esophagus, stomach, small bowel, colon, liver, pancreas, gallbladder and bile ducts, and often the thyroid gland . They also deal with diseases involving the skin, breast, soft...
  
  
• Hand surgery
  Hand surgery
  The field of hand surgery deals with both surgical and non-surgical treatment of conditions and problems that may take place in the hand or upper extremity including injury and infection. Hand surgery may be practiced by graduates of general surgery, orthopedic surgery and plastic surgery...
  
  
• Laminectomy
  Laminectomy
  Laminectomy is a spine operation to remove the portion of the vertebral bone called the lamina. There are many variations of laminectomy. In the most minimal form small skin incisions are made, back muscles are pushed aside rather than cut, and the parts of the vertebra adjacent to the lamina are...
  
  
• Hemilaminectomy
• Laparoscopic surgery
  Laparoscopic surgery
  Laparoscopic surgery, also called minimally invasive surgery , bandaid surgery, or keyhole surgery, is a modern surgical technique in which operations in the abdomen are performed through small incisions as opposed to the larger incisions needed in laparotomy.Keyhole surgery makes use of images...
  
  
• Lithotriptor
  Lithotriptor
  Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is a non-invasive treatment of kidney stones and biliary calculi using an acoustic pulse....
  
  
• Lobotomy
  Lobotomy
  Lobotomy "; τομή – tomē: "cut/slice") is a neurosurgical procedure, a form of psychosurgery, also known as a leukotomy or leucotomy . It consists of cutting the connections to and from the prefrontal cortex, the anterior part of the frontal lobes of the brain...
  
  
• Knee cartilage replacement therapy
  Knee cartilage replacement therapy
  Articular cartilage, most notably that which is found in the knee joint, is generally characterized by very low friction, high wear resistance, and poor regenerative qualities. It is responsible for much of the compressive resistance and load bearing qualities of the knee joint and, without it,...
  
  
• Xenotransplantation
  Xenotransplantation
  Xenotransplantation , is the transplantation of living cells, tissues or organs from one species to another. Such cells, tissues or organs are called xenografts or xenotransplants...
  
  

See also

• Algorithm (medical)
• Autopsy
  Autopsy
  An autopsy—also known as a post-mortem examination, necropsy , autopsia cadaverum, or obduction—is a highly specialized surgical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a corpse to determine the cause and manner of death and to evaluate any disease or injury that may be present...
  
  
• Complication (medicine)
  Complication (medicine)
  Complication, in medicine, is an unfavorable evolution of a disease, a health condition or a medical treatment. The disease can become worse in its severity or show a higher number of signs, symptoms or new pathological changes, become widespread throughout the body or affect other organ systems. A...
  
  
• Consensus (medical)
  Consensus (medical)
  Medical consensus is a public statement on a particular aspect of medical knowledge available at the time it was written, and that is generally agreed upon as the evidence-based, state-of-the-art knowledge by a representative group of experts in that area...
  
  
• Contraindication
  Contraindication
  In medicine, a contraindication is a condition or factor that serves as a reason to withhold a certain medical treatment.Some contraindications are absolute, meaning that there are no reasonable circumstances for undertaking a course of action...
  
  
• Course (medicine)
  Course (medicine)
  In medicine, a course of medication is a period of continuous treatment with a drug, sometimes with variable dosage. Treatment with some drugs should not end abruptly...
  
  
• Drug interaction
  Drug interaction
  A drug interaction is a situation in which a substance affects the activity of a drug, i.e. the effects are increased or decreased, or they produce a new effect that neither produces on its own. Typically, interaction between drugs come to mind...
  
  
• Extracorporeal
  Extracorporeal
  An extracorporeal medical procedure is a medical procedure which is performed outside the body.-Circulatory procedures:A procedure in which blood is taken from a patient's circulation to have a process applied to it before it is returned to the circulation...
  
  
• Guideline (medical)
  Guideline (medical)
  A medical guideline is a document with the aim of guiding decisions and criteria regarding diagnosis, management, and treatment in specific areas of healthcare...
  
  
• Iatrogenesis
  Iatrogenesis
  Iatrogenesis, or an iatrogenic artifact is an inadvertent adverse effect or complication resulting from medical treatment or advice, including that of psychologists, therapists, pharmacists, nurses, physicians and dentists...
  
  
• Invasive (medical)
• List of surgical instruments
• Medical error
  Medical error
  A medical error may be defined as a preventable adverse effect of care, whether or not it is evident or harmful to the patient. This might include an inaccurate or incomplete diagnosis or treatment of a disease, injury, syndrome, behavior, infection, or other ailment.-Definitions:As a general...
  
  
• Medical prescription
  Medical prescription
  A prescription is a health-care program implemented by a physician or other medical practitioner in the form of instructions that govern the plan of care for an individual patient. Prescriptions may include orders to be performed by a patient, caretaker, nurse, pharmacist or other therapist....
  
  
• Medical test
  Medical test
  A diagnostic test is any kind of medical test performed to aid in the diagnosis or detection of disease. For example:* to diagnose diseases, and preferably sub-classify it regarding, for example, severity and treatability...
  
  
• Minimally invasive
• Nocebo
  Nocebo
  In medicine, a nocebo reaction or response refers to harmful, unpleasant, or undesirable effects a subject manifests after receiving an inert dummy drug or placebo...
  
  
• Non-invasive
• Physical examination
  Physical examination
  Physical examination or clinical examination is the process by which a doctor investigates the body of a patient for signs of disease. It generally follows the taking of the medical history — an account of the symptoms as experienced by the patient...
  
  
• Responsible drug use
  Responsible drug use
  Responsible drug use is a harm reduction strategy based on a belief that illegal recreational drug use can be responsible in terms of reduced or eliminated risk of negative impact on the lives of both the user and others....
  
  
• Surgical instruments
  Surgical instruments
  A surgical instrument is a specially designed tool or device for performing specific actions of carrying out desired effects during a surgery or operation, such as modifying biological tissue, or to provide access for viewing it. Over time, many different kinds of surgical instruments and tools...
  
  
• Vital signs
  Vital signs
  Vital signs are measures of various physiological statistics, often taken by health professionals, in order to assess the most basic body functions. Vital signs are an essential part of a case presentation. The act of taking vital signs normally entails recording body temperature, pulse rate ,...