Singularity
Encyclopedia
Singularity or Singular points may refer to:
Mathematics
- Mathematical singularityMathematical singularityIn mathematics, a singularity is in general a point at which a given mathematical object is not defined, or a point of an exceptional set where it fails to be well-behaved in some particular way, such as differentiability...
, a point at which a given mathematical object is not defined or not well-behaved, for example infinite or not differentiable
Geometry
- Singular point of a curveSingular point of a curveIn geometry, a singular point on a curve is one where the curve is not given by a smooth embedding of a parameter. The precise definition of a singular point depends on the type of curve being studied.-Algebraic curves in the plane:...
, where the curve is not given by a smooth embedding of a parameter - Singular point of an algebraic varietySingular point of an algebraic varietyIn mathematics, a singular point of an algebraic variety V is a point P that is 'special' , in the geometric sense that V is not locally flat there. In the case of an algebraic curve, a plane curve that has a double point, such as the cubic curveexhibits at , cannot simply be parametrized near the...
, a point where an algebraic variety is not locally flat - Rational singularityRational singularityIn mathematics, more particularly in the field of algebraic geometry, a scheme X has rational singularities, if it is normal, of finite type over a field of characteristic zero, and there exists a proper birational mapf \colon Y \rightarrow X...
, a concept in singularity theory - Singularity theorySingularity theory-The notion of singularity:In mathematics, singularity theory is the study of the failure of manifold structure. A loop of string can serve as an example of a one-dimensional manifold, if one neglects its width. What is meant by a singularity can be seen by dropping it on the floor...
, which deals with these concepts
Complex analysis
- Essential singularityEssential singularityIn complex analysis, an essential singularity of a function is a "severe" singularity near which the function exhibits extreme behavior.The category essential singularity is a "left-over" or default group of singularities that are especially unmanageable: by definition they fit into neither of the...
, a singularity near which a function exhibits extreme behavior - Isolated singularity, a mathematical singularity that has no other singularities close to it
- Movable singularityMovable singularityIn the theory of ordinary differential equations, a movable singularity is a point where the solution of the equation behaves badly and which is "movable" in the sense that its location depends on the initial conditions of the differential equation....
, a concept in singularity theory - Removable singularity, a point at which a function is not defined but at which it can be so defined that it is continuous at the singularity
Natural sciences
- Gravitational singularityGravitational singularityA gravitational singularity or spacetime singularity is a location where the quantities that are used to measure the gravitational field become infinite in a way that does not depend on the coordinate system...
, a point in spacetime in which gravitational forces cause matter to have an infinite density and zero volume - Mechanical singularityMechanical singularityIn engineering, a mechanical singularity is a position or configuration of a mechanism or a machine where the subsequent behaviour cannot be predicted, or the forces or other physical quantities involved become infinite or nondeterministic....
, a position or configuration of a mechanism or a machine where the subsequent behavior cannot be predicted - Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems, theorems in general relativity theory about when gravitation produces singularities such as black holes
- Prandtl–Glauert singularity, the point at which a sudden drop in air pressure occurs
- Singularity (climate)Singularity (climate)A singularity is a weather phenomenon likely to occur with reasonable regularity around a specific approximate calendar date.The concept should not be confused with more general seasonal weather patterns. For example the British tradition that rain on St...
, a weather phenomenon associated with a specific calendar date - Van Hove singularityVan Hove singularityA Van Hove singularity is a kink in the density of states of a solid. The wavevectors at which Van Hove singularities occur are often referred to as critical points of the Brillouin zone...
in the density of states of a material
Technology and economics
- Technological singularityTechnological singularityTechnological singularity refers to the hypothetical future emergence of greater-than-human intelligence through technological means. Since the capabilities of such an intelligence would be difficult for an unaided human mind to comprehend, the occurrence of a technological singularity is seen as...
, a theoretical point in the development of a technological civilization- The Singularity Is NearThe Singularity Is NearThe Singularity Is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology is a 2005 update of Raymond Kurzweil's 1999 book, The Age of Spiritual Machines and his 1990 book The Age of Intelligent Machines. In it, as in the two previous versions, Kurzweil attempts to give a glimpse of what awaits us in the near future...
, a 2005 non-fiction book by Ray Kurzweil
- The Singularity Is Near
- Singularity (operating system)Singularity (operating system)Singularity is an experimental operating system being built by Microsoft Research since 2003. It is intended as a highly-dependable OS in which the kernel, device drivers, and applications are all written in managed code.- Workings :...
, an operating system developed by Microsoft Research written in managed code
Entertainment
- "Singularity" (Star Trek: Enterprise), a 2002 second-season episode of Star Trek: Enterprise
- "Singularity", a first-season episode of Stargate SG-1Stargate SG-1 (season 1)The first season of the military science fiction television series Stargate SG-1 commenced airing on the Showtime channel in the United States on July 27, 1997, concluded on the same channel on March 6, 1998, and contained 22 episodes. The show itself is a spin off from the 1994 hit movie, Stargate...
- Singularity (Mae album), 2007
- Singularity (Peter Hammill album)Singularity (Peter Hammill album)Singularity is an album by Peter Hammill, released on his own Fie! Records label in December 2006.The album was the first Hammill recorded after suffering a heart attack in 2003. Some of the songs refer directly to his brush with death...
, 2006 - Singularity (Robby Krieger album)Singularity (Robby Krieger album)Singularity is the sixth solo album by Robby Krieger, released in 2010.- Track listing :#"Russian Caravan "#"Russian Caravan"#"Southern Cross"#"Event Horizon "# "Event Horizon"#"Coffin Dodger"#"Runaway Trane"#"Let It Slide"...
, 2010 - Singularity (William Sleator novel)Singularity (William Sleator novel)Singularity, published in 1985 by E P Dutton, is a science fiction novel for young adults written by William Sleator. It was listed as a YALSA Best Book for Young Adults, A Junior Library Guild Selection, and was a Colorado Blue Spruce Young Adult Book Award Nominee...
, a 1985 science-fiction novel by William Sleator - Singularity (Bill DeSmedt novel), a 2004 novel by Bill DeSmedt
- Singularity (audio drama), a Doctor Who audio drama
- Singularity (video game)Singularity (video game)Singularity received generally favorable reviews. On review aggregator website Metacritic, Singularity received a rating of 76 for the PC and Xbox 360 versions, and 77 for the PlayStation 3 version...
, a 2010 video game developed by Raven Software - Singularity 7Singularity 7Singularity 7 is a four-issue comic book mini-series created, written, and illustrated by Ben Templesmith. It was published by IDW Publishing in 2004. The series combines elements of science-fiction, cyberpunk, and horror, to tell the story of a post-apocalyptic dystopian future.The title is a...
, a graphic novel by Ben Templesmith - Singularity (film)Singularity (film)Singularity is an upcoming epic romance time travel adventure film. Helmed by Roland Joffé from a story by Ajey Jhankar, the film is a sweeping tale of an impossible love set against the backdrop of the first Anglo-Maratha war across two time periods and continents and centred around four...
, a 2012 epic adventure film starring Josh Hartnett and Bipasha Basu - Singularity (song)Singularity (song)"Singularity" is a single by "Bright Eyes", released in February 2011 alongside their album "The People's Key".- Track Listing :1. "Singularity" - 4:302. "In the Real World" - 3:36- External Links :*...
, by Bright Eyes, written by Conor Oberst - Endgame: SingularityEndgame: SingularityEndgame: Singularity is a science fiction strategy/simulation game. Interface is similar to an older hacking simulation Uplink by Introversion Software....
, a 2005 video game licensed under GPL
Other
- Singularity UniversitySingularity UniversitySingularity University is an academic institution in Silicon Valley whose stated aim is to "assemble, educate and inspire a cadre of leaders who strive to understand and facilitate the development of exponentially advancing technologies and apply, focus and guide these tools to address humanity’s...
, an unaccredited school in California, USA, providing supplemental education in technology's impending singularity