The gens Claudia, sometimes written Clodia

Clodius

Clodius is an alternate form of the Roman nomen Claudius, a patrician gens that was traditionally regarded as Sabine in origin. The alternation of o and au is characteristic of the Sabine dialect...

, was one of the most prominent patrician houses at Rome

Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....

. The gens

Gens

In ancient Rome, a gens , plural gentes, referred to a family, consisting of all those individuals who shared the same nomen and claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens was called a stirps . The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italy during the...

traced its origin to the earliest days of the Roman Republic

Roman Republic

The Roman Republic was the period of the ancient Roman civilization where the government operated as a republic. It began with the overthrow of the Roman monarchy, traditionally dated around 508 BC, and its replacement by a government headed by two consuls, elected annually by the citizens and...

. The first of the Claudii to obtain the consulship

Roman consul

A consul served in the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic.Each year, two consuls were elected together, to serve for a one-year term. Each consul was given veto power over his colleague and the officials would alternate each month...

 was Appius Claudius Sabinus Regillensis

Appius Claudius Sabinus Inregillensis

Appius Claudius Sabinus Inregillensis or Regillensis was the semi-legendary founder of the Roman gens Claudia.He was born Attius Clausus, Atta Claudius, Titus Claudius or a lost original name from which the other versions derive. To the Romans he was known as Appius Claudius. He was a Sabine from...

, in 495 BC, and from that time its members frequently held the highest offices of the state, both under the Republic and in imperial times

Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....

.

Plebeian

Plebs

The plebs was the general body of free land-owning Roman citizens in Ancient Rome. They were distinct from the higher order of the patricians. A member of the plebs was known as a plebeian...

 Claudii are found fairly early in Rome's history. Some may have been descended from members of the family who had passed over to the plebeians, while others were probably the descendants of freedmen

Freedman

A freedman is a former slave who has been released from slavery, usually by legal means. Historically, slaves became freedmen either by manumission or emancipation ....

 of the gens.

In his life of the emperor Tiberius

Tiberius

Tiberius , was Roman Emperor from 14 AD to 37 AD. Tiberius was by birth a Claudian, son of Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia Drusilla. His mother divorced Nero and married Augustus in 39 BC, making him a step-son of Octavian...

, who was a scion of the Claudii, the historian Suetonius

Suetonius

Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, commonly known as Suetonius , was a Roman historian belonging to the equestrian order in the early Imperial era....

 gives a summary of the gens, and says, "as time went on it was honoured with twenty-eight consulships, five dictatorships, seven censorships, six triumphs, and two ovations." Writing several decades after the fall of the so-called "Julio-Claudian dynasty

Julio-Claudian Dynasty

The Julio-Claudian dynasty normally refers to the first five Roman Emperors: Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula , Claudius, and Nero, or the family to which they belonged; they ruled the Roman Empire from its formation, in the second half of the 1st century BC, until AD 68, when the last of the line,...

", Suetonius took care to mention both the good and wicked deeds attributed to members of the family.

The patrician Claudii were noted for their pride and arrogance, and intense hatred of the commonalty. In his History of Rome, Niebuhr

Barthold Georg Niebuhr

Barthold Georg Niebuhr was a Danish-German statesman and historian who became Germany's leading historian of Ancient Rome and a founding father of modern scholarly historiography. Classical Rome caught the admiration of German thinkers...

 writes,

That house during the course of centuries produced several very eminent, few great men; hardly a single noble-minded one. In all ages it distinguished itself alike by a spirit of haughty defiance, by disdain for the laws, and iron hardness of heart.

During the Republic, no patrician Claudius adopted a member of another gens; the emperor Claudius

Claudius

Claudius , was Roman Emperor from 41 to 54. A member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, he was the son of Drusus and Antonia Minor. He was born at Lugdunum in Gaul and was the first Roman Emperor to be born outside Italy...

 was the first who broke this custom, by adopting Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, afterwards the emperor Nero

Nero

Nero , was Roman Emperor from 54 to 68, and the last in the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Nero was adopted by his great-uncle Claudius to become his heir and successor, and succeeded to the throne in 54 following Claudius' death....

.

Origin of the gens

According to legend, the first of the Claudii was a Sabine, by the name of Attius Clausus, who came to Rome with his retainers in 504 BC, the sixth year of the Republic

Roman Republic

The Roman Republic was the period of the ancient Roman civilization where the government operated as a republic. It began with the overthrow of the Roman monarchy, traditionally dated around 508 BC, and its replacement by a government headed by two consuls, elected annually by the citizens and...

. At this time, the fledgling Republic was engaged in regular warfare with the Sabines, and Clausus is said to have been the leader of a faction seeking to end the conflict. When his efforts failed, he defected to the Romans. Clausus was enrolled among the patricians, and exchanged his Sabine name for the Latin

Latin

Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...

 Appius Claudius.

Tiberius is said to have referred to this tradition, in a speech made before the Roman Senate

Roman Senate

The Senate of the Roman Republic was a political institution in the ancient Roman Republic, however, it was not an elected body, but one whose members were appointed by the consuls, and later by the censors. After a magistrate served his term in office, it usually was followed with automatic...

, in which he argued in favor of admitting Gauls

Gauls

The Gauls were a Celtic people living in Gaul, the region roughly corresponding to what is now France, Belgium, Switzerland and Northern Italy, from the Iron Age through the Roman period. They mostly spoke the Continental Celtic language called Gaulish....

 to that body. "My ancestors, the most ancient of whom was made at once a citizen and a noble of Rome, encourage me to govern by the same policy of transferring to this city all conspicuous merit, wherever found." The Claudii were also said to have been granted a tract of land for their dependents on the far side of the Anio

Aniene

-External links:* http://www.humnet.ucla.edu/humnet/horaces-villa/glossary/Anio.gloss.html*...

, and a burial site at the foot of the Capitoline Hill

Capitoline Hill

The Capitoline Hill , between the Forum and the Campus Martius, is one of the seven hills of Rome. It was the citadel of the earliest Romans. By the 16th century, Capitolinus had become Capitolino in Italian, with the alternative Campidoglio stemming from Capitolium. The English word capitol...

.

By imperial times, the influence of the Claudii was so great that the poet Vergilius

Virgil

Publius Vergilius Maro, usually called Virgil or Vergil in English , was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period. He is known for three major works of Latin literature, the Eclogues , the Georgics, and the epic Aeneid...

 flattered them by a deliberate anachronism. In his Aeneid

Aeneid

The Aeneid is a Latin epic poem, written by Virgil between 29 and 19 BC, that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who travelled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the Romans. It is composed of roughly 10,000 lines in dactylic hexameter...

, he makes Attius Clausus a contemporary of Aeneas

Aeneas

Aeneas , in Greco-Roman mythology, was a Trojan hero, the son of the prince Anchises and the goddess Aphrodite. His father was the second cousin of King Priam of Troy, making Aeneas Priam's second cousin, once removed. The journey of Aeneas from Troy , which led to the founding a hamlet south of...

, to whose side he rallies with a host of quirites, or spearmen.

The nomen

Roman naming conventions

By the Republican era and throughout the Imperial era, a name in ancient Rome for a male citizen consisted of three parts : praenomen , nomen and cognomen...

 Claudius, originally Clausus, according to legend, is usually said to be derived from the Latin adjective claudus, meaning "lame". As a cognomen

Cognomen

The cognomen nōmen "name") was the third name of a citizen of Ancient Rome, under Roman naming conventions. The cognomen started as a nickname, but lost that purpose when it became hereditary. Hereditary cognomina were used to augment the second name in order to identify a particular branch within...

, Claudus is occasionally found in other gentes. This etymology was argued by Antoine Meillet

Antoine Meillet

Paul Jules Antoine Meillet was one of the most important French linguists of the early 20th century. Meillet began his studies at the Sorbonne, where he was influenced by Michel Bréal, Ferdinand de Saussure, and the members of the Année Sociologique. In 1890 he was part of a research trip to the...

 and Karl Braasch. However, since there is no tradition that any of the early Claudii were lame, the nomen might refer to some ancestor of Attius Clausus. It could also have been metaphorical, or ironic, and the possibility remains that this derivation is erroneous.

The metathesis of Clausus into Claudius, and its common by-form, Clodius

Clodius

Clodius is an alternate form of the Roman nomen Claudius, a patrician gens that was traditionally regarded as Sabine in origin. The alternation of o and au is characteristic of the Sabine dialect...

, was discussed in the Dictionnaire Étymologique Latin. The alternation of 'o' and 'au' seems to have been common in Sabine. The alternation of 's' and 'd' occurs in words borrowed from Greek: Latin rosa from Greek rhodos; but in this instance clausus or *closus is a Sabine word becoming clod- in Latin. The name could have come from Greek settlers in Latium, but there is no evidence in favor of this hypothesis.

The Sabine praenomen Attius has been the subject of similar fascination for philologists. The form Attus is mentioned by Valerius Maximus

Valerius Maximus

Valerius Maximus was a Latin writer and author of a collection of historical anecdotes. He worked during the reign of Tiberius .-Biography:...

, who connected it with the bucolic Greek name Atys. Braasch translated it as Väterchen, "little father," and connected it with a series of childhood parental names: "atta, tata, acca," and the like, becoming such names as Tatius (also Sabine) and Atilius.

Praenomina used by the gens

The early Claudii favored the praenomina Appius

Appius (praenomen)

Appius is a Latin praenomen, or personal name, usually abbreviated Ap. or sometimes App., and best known as a result of its extensive use by the patrician gens Claudia. The feminine form is Appia...

, Gaius

Gaius (praenomen)

Gaius is a Latin praenomen, or personal name, which was one of the most common names throughout Roman history. The feminine form is Gaia. The praenomen was used by both patrician and plebeian families, and gave rise to the patronymic gens Gavia...

, and Publius

Publius (praenomen)

Publius is a Latin praenomen, or personal name. It was used by both patrician and plebeian families, and was very common at all periods of Roman history. It gave rise to the patronymic gens Publilia, and perhaps also gens Publicia. The feminine form is Publia...

. These names were used by the patrician Claudii throughout their history. Tiberius

Tiberius (praenomen)

Tiberius is a Latin praenomen, or personal name, which was used throughout Roman history. Although not especially common, it was used by both patrician and plebeian families. The feminine form is Tiberia. The name is usually abbreviated Ti., but occasionally Tib.For most of Roman history, Tiberius...

was used by the family of the Claudii Nerones, while Marcus

Marcus (praenomen)

Marcus is a Latin praenomen, or personal name, which was one of the most common names throughout Roman history. The feminine form is Marca or Marcia. The praenomen was used by both patrician and plebeian families, and gave rise to the patronymic gens Marcia, as well as the cognomen Marcellus...

, although used occasionally by the earliest patrician Claudii, was favored by the plebeian branches of the family. According to Suetonius, the gens avoided the praenomen Lucius

Lucius (praenomen)

Lucius is a Latin praenomen, or personal name, which was one of the most common names throughout Roman history. The feminine form is Lucia . The praenomen was used by both patrician and plebeian families, and gave rise to the patronymic gentes Lucia and Lucilia, as well as the cognomen Lucullus...

because two early members with this name had brought dishonor upon the family, one having been convicted of highway robbery, and the other of murder.

Branches and cognomina of the gens

The patrician Claudii bore various surnames, including Caecus, Caudex, Centho, Crassus, Nero, Pulcher, Regillensis, and Sabinus. The latter two, though applicable to all of the gens, were seldom used when there was a more definite cognomen. A few of the patrician Claudii are mentioned without any surname. The surnames of the plebeian Claudii were Asellus, Canina, Centumalus, Cicero, Flamen, and Marcellus.

The earliest Claudii bore the surname Sabinus, a common surname usually referring to a Sabine, or someone of Sabine descent, which according to all tradition, the Claudii were. This cognomen was first adopted by Appius Claudius, the founder of the gens, and was retained by his descendants, until it was replaced by Crassus.

The surname Regillensis or Inregillensis, also attributed to the first of the Claudii, is more problematic. Regillensis was also a cognomen of the Postumia gens

Postumia (gens)

The gens Postumia was one of the most ancient patrician gentes at Rome. Its members frequently held the highest office of the state, from the banishment of the kings to the downfall of the Republic...

, presumably because Aulus Postumius Albus

Aulus Postumius Albus Regillensis

Aulus Postumius Albus Regillensis was an ancient Roman who, according to Livy, was dictator in 498 BC, when he conquered the Latins in the great Battle of Lake Regillus. Many of the coins of the Albini commemorate this victory of their ancestor, as in the one pictured...

 led the victorious Roman army at the Battle of Lake Regillus

Battle of Lake Regillus

The Battle of Lake Regillus was a legendary early Roman victory, won over the Latin League led by the expelled Etruscan former king of Rome. It is usually said to have occurred in 498 BC, but other dates have been proposed, including 499 BC, 496 BC and 493 BC.The battle may be entirely legendary,...

 in 498 BC. It is entirely possible that Appius Claudius was also a participant in that battle, and assumed the same surname in consequence of this, although he is not mentioned in any surviving accounts of that battle.

Niebuhr has suggested that Regillensis is derived not from Postumius' participation in the battle, but from a place of residence, perhaps a settlement, now lost, in the vicinity of Lake Regillus. This theory is supported by Suetonius, who writes that Claudius came ex Regillis oppido Sabinorum; that is, "from Regillum, a town of the Sabines." This appears to conflict with the tradition that Claudius was a native of Cures, and may simply be speculation on the part of Suetonius, but there is nothing inherently improbable about this theory.

Crassus, sometimes given as the diminutive Crassinus, was a common surname usually translated as "thick, solid," or "dull". This cognomen succeeded that of Sabinus as the surname of the main family of the Claudia gens. It was borne by members of the family from the 5th to the 3rd century BC The other main families of the patrician Claudii were descended from Appius Claudius Caecus

Appius Claudius Caecus

Appius Claudius Caecus was a Roman politician from a wealthy patrician family. He was dictator himself and the son of Gaius Claudius Crassus, dictator in 337 BC.-Life:...

, a member of this stirps; his sons bore the surnames Crassus, Pulcher, Cento or Centho, and Nero. However, this generation saw the last of the Claudii Crassi.

Pulcher, the surname of the next major branch of the Claudia gens, means beautiful, although it may be that the cognomen was given ironically. The Claudii Pulchri were an extensive family, which supplied the Republic with several consuls, and survived into imperial times.

The other main branch of the patrician Claudii bore the surname Nero, originally a Sabine praenomen described as meaning, fortis ac strenuus, which roughly translated is "strong and sturdy." It may be the same as the Umbrian praenomen Nerius. This family was distinguished throughout the latter Republic, and gave rise to several of the early emperors, including Tiberius

Tiberius

Tiberius , was Roman Emperor from 14 AD to 37 AD. Tiberius was by birth a Claudian, son of Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia Drusilla. His mother divorced Nero and married Augustus in 39 BC, making him a step-son of Octavian...

, Claudius

Claudius

Claudius , was Roman Emperor from 41 to 54. A member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, he was the son of Drusus and Antonia Minor. He was born at Lugdunum in Gaul and was the first Roman Emperor to be born outside Italy...

, and Nero

Nero

Nero , was Roman Emperor from 54 to 68, and the last in the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Nero was adopted by his great-uncle Claudius to become his heir and successor, and succeeded to the throne in 54 following Claudius' death....

 (by adoption). An oddity of the names by which these emperors are known today is that several of their ancestors bore the name Tiberius Claudius Nero; of three emperors belonging to the same family, one is known by a praenomen, one by a nomen, and one by a cognomen.

The most illustrious family of the plebeian Claudii bore the surname Marcellus, which is a diminutive of the praenomen Marcus. They gained everlasting fame from the exploits of Marcus Claudius Marcellus

Marcus Claudius Marcellus

Marcus Claudius Marcellus , five times elected as consul of the Roman Republic, was an important Roman military leader during the Gallic War of 225 BC and the Second Punic War...

, one of Rome's finest generals, and a towering figure of the Second Punic War

Second Punic War

The Second Punic War, also referred to as The Hannibalic War and The War Against Hannibal, lasted from 218 to 201 BC and involved combatants in the western and eastern Mediterranean. This was the second major war between Carthage and the Roman Republic, with the participation of the Berbers on...

, who was five times consul, and won the spolia opima

Spolia opima

Spolia opima refers to the armor, arms, and other effects that an ancient Roman general had stripped from the body of an opposing commander slain in single combat...

, defeating and killing the Gallic

Gauls

The Gauls were a Celtic people living in Gaul, the region roughly corresponding to what is now France, Belgium, Switzerland and Northern Italy, from the Iron Age through the Roman period. They mostly spoke the Continental Celtic language called Gaulish....

 king, Viridomarus

Viridomarus

Viridomarus was a Gaulish military leader who led an army against an army of the Roman Republic at the Battle of Clastidium. The Romans won the battle, and in the process, Marcus Claudius Marcellus, the Roman leader, earned the spolia opima by killing Viridomarus in single combat....

, in single combat.

Most of those who used the spelling Clodius were descended from plebeian members of the gens, but one family by this name was a cadet branch of the patrician Claudii Pulchri, which voluntarily went over to the plebeians, and used the spelling Clodius to differentiate themselves from their patrician relatives.

Caecus, the surname of one of the Claudii Crassi, refers to the condition of his blindness, which is well-attested, although it appears that he did not become blind until his old age. According to one legend, he was struck blind by the gods during his censorship, after inducing the ancient family of the Potitii

Potitia (gens)

The gens Potitia was one of the most ancient patrician families at Rome. It never attained any historical importance.The story of the Potitii is inextricably intertwined with that of the Pinarii. According to legend, a generation before the Trojan War, Hercules came to Italy, where he was received...

 to teach the sacred rites of Hercules

Hercules

Hercules is the Roman name for Greek demigod Heracles, son of Zeus , and the mortal Alcmene...

 to the public slaves. The Potitii themselves were said to have perished as a result of this sacrilege. However, it should be noted that Claudius was relatively young at the time of his censorship in 312 BC, and was elected consul sixteen years later, in 296.

Caecus' brother, who shared the same praenomen, was distinguished by the cognomen Caudex, literally meaning a "treetrunk", although metaphorically it was an insult, meaning a "dolt." According to Seneca

Seneca the Younger

Lucius Annaeus Seneca was a Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, dramatist, and in one work humorist, of the Silver Age of Latin literature. He was tutor and later advisor to emperor Nero...

, he obtained the surname from his attention to naval affairs.

Members of the gens

See also Clodius

Clodius

Clodius is an alternate form of the Roman nomen Claudius, a patrician gens that was traditionally regarded as Sabine in origin. The alternation of o and au is characteristic of the Sabine dialect...

 for members of the gens who used the alternate spelling of the name primarily or solely.

Claudii Sabini et Crassi

• Marcus Clausus, the father of Appius Claudius.
• Appius Claudius M. f. Sabinus Regillensis
  Appius Claudius Sabinus Inregillensis
  Appius Claudius Sabinus Inregillensis or Regillensis was the semi-legendary founder of the Roman gens Claudia.He was born Attius Clausus, Atta Claudius, Titus Claudius or a lost original name from which the other versions derive. To the Romans he was known as Appius Claudius. He was a Sabine from...
  
  , consul
  Roman consul
  A consul served in the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic.Each year, two consuls were elected together, to serve for a one-year term. Each consul was given veto power over his colleague and the officials would alternate each month...
  
   in 495 BC. Born Attius Clausus, a Sabine; brought his family and retainers to Rome in 504 BC, and was admitted to the patriciate.
• Appius Claudius Ap. f. M. n. Sabinus Regillensis, consul in 471 BC, he was sent against the Aequi
  Aequi
  thumb|300px|Location of the Aequi in central Italy.The Aequi were an ancient people of northeast Latium and the central Appennines of Italy who appear in the early history of ancient Rome. After a long struggle for independence from Rome they were defeated and substantial Roman colonies were...
  
   and Volsci
  Volsci
  The Volsci were an ancient Italic people, well known in the history of the first century of the Roman Republic. They then inhabited the partly hilly, partly marshy district of the south of Latium, bounded by the Aurunci and Samnites on the south, the Hernici on the east, and stretching roughly from...
  
  , but his own soldiers revolted, and were punished with decimation
  Decimation (Roman Army)
  Decimation |ten]]") was a form of military discipline used by officers in the Roman Army to punish mutinous or cowardly soldiers. The word decimation is derived from Latin meaning "removal of a tenth".-Procedure:...
  
  . He fiercely opposed the agrarian law
  Agrarian law
  Agrarian laws were laws among the Romans regulating the division of the public lands, or ager publicus.There existed three types of land in ancient Rome: private land, common pasture, and public land...
  
   first brought forward by Spurius Cassius Viscellinus, and was brought to trial, but took his own life.
• Gaius Claudius Ap. f. M. n. Sabinus Regillensis, consul in 460 BC, the year that Appius Herdonius seized the Capitol
  Capitoline Hill
  The Capitoline Hill , between the Forum and the Campus Martius, is one of the seven hills of Rome. It was the citadel of the earliest Romans. By the 16th century, Capitolinus had become Capitolino in Italian, with the alternative Campidoglio stemming from Capitolium. The English word capitol...
  
  . He was a staunch opponent of various laws and reforms favoring the plebeians.
• Appius Claudius Ap. f. Ap. n. Crassus
  Appius Claudius Crassus
  Appius Claudius Crassus was a decemvir of the Roman Republic ca 451 BC.His father was Appius Claudius Sabinus, Consul in 471 BCE...
  
  , consul in 451 BC, he became head of the college of decemvirs
  Decemviri
  Decemviri is a Latin term meaning "Ten Men" which designates any such commission in the Roman Republic...
  
  , holding office until 449, when he was imprisoned for his actions as decemvir, and either killed himself or was put to death.
• Appius Claudius Ap. f. Ap. n. Crassus, tribunus militum consulari potestate
  Tribuni militum consulari potestate
  The tribuni militum consulari potestate , in English commonly also Consular Tribunes, were tribunes elected with consular power during the "Conflict of the Orders" in the Roman Republic, starting in 444 BC and then continuously from 408 BC to 394 BC and again from 391 BC to 367 BC.According to the...
  
  in 424 BC, said by Livius
  Livy
  Titus Livius — known as Livy in English — was a Roman historian who wrote a monumental history of Rome and the Roman people. Ab Urbe Condita Libri, "Chapters from the Foundation of the City," covering the period from the earliest legends of Rome well before the traditional foundation in 753 BC...
  
   to have been violently opposed to the plebeians and their tribune
  Tribune
  Tribune was a title shared by elected officials in the Roman Republic. Tribunes had the power to convene the Plebeian Council and to act as its president, which also gave them the right to propose legislation before it. They were sacrosanct, in the sense that any assault on their person was...
  
  s.
• Publius Claudius Ap. f. Ap. n. Crassus, the younger son of the decemvir.
• Appius Claudius Ap. f. Ap. n. Crassus, tribunus militum consulari potestate in 403 BC, during the siege of Veii
  Veii
  Veii was, in ancient times, an important Etrurian city NNW of Rome, Italy; its site lies in Isola Farnese, a village of Municipio XX, an administrative subdivision of the comune of Rome in the Province of Rome...
  
  . He proposed a law allowing one of the tribunes of the plebs to halt the proceedings of the others.
• Appius Claudius P. f. Ap. n. Crassus, opposed the Licinian Rogations
  Lex Licinia Sextia
  Lex Licinia Sextia was a Roman law introduced around 376 BCE and enacted in 367 BCE. It restored the consulship, allegedly reserved one of the two consular positions for a plebeian , and introduced new limits on the possession of conquered land.- Authors :It is named for the plebeian tribunes Gaius...
  
  , opening the consulship to the plebeians. In 362 BC. he was appointed dictator
  Roman dictator
  In the Roman Republic, the dictator , was an extraordinary magistrate with the absolute authority to perform tasks beyond the authority of the ordinary magistrate . The office of dictator was a legal innovation originally named Magister Populi , i.e...
  
   to conduct the war against the Hernici
  Hernici
  The Hernici were an ancient people of Italy, whose territory was in Latium between the Lago di Fucino and the Sacco River , bounded by the Volsci on the south, and by the Aequi and the Marsi on the north....
  
  ; consul in 349, he died at the commencement of his year of office.
• Gaius Claudius Ap. f. Ap. n. Crassus, nominated dictator in 337 BC, but immediately resigned after the augur
  Augur
  The augur was a priest and official in the classical world, especially ancient Rome and Etruria. His main role was to interpret the will of the gods by studying the flight of birds: whether they are flying in groups/alone, what noises they make as they fly, direction of flight and what kind of...
  
  s pronounced the appointment invalid. His magister equitum
  Master of the Horse
  The Master of the Horse was a position of varying importance in several European nations.-Magister Equitum :...
  
  was Gaius Claudius Hortator.
• Appius Claudius C. f. Ap. n. Caecus
  Appius Claudius Caecus
  Appius Claudius Caecus was a Roman politician from a wealthy patrician family. He was dictator himself and the son of Gaius Claudius Crassus, dictator in 337 BC.-Life:...
  
  , censor in 312 BC, and consul in 307 and 296; he was once dictator, but the year is unknown. Caecus is also the earliest known Roman writer of prose and verse.
• Appius Claudius C. f. Ap. n. Caudex
  Appius Claudius Caudex
  Appius Claudius Caudex was a patrician member of the Claudii. He was the grandson of Appius Claudius Caecus through his father Gaius Claudius, and served as consul in 264 BC....
  
  , consul in 264 BC, at the beginning of the First Punic War
  First Punic War
  The First Punic War was the first of three wars fought between Ancient Carthage and the Roman Republic. For 23 years, the two powers struggled for supremacy in the western Mediterranean Sea, primarily on the Mediterranean island of Sicily and its surrounding waters but also to a lesser extent in...
  
  ; landing in Sicily
  Sicily
  Sicily is a region of Italy, and is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. Along with the surrounding minor islands, it constitutes an autonomous region of Italy, the Regione Autonoma Siciliana Sicily has a rich and unique culture, especially with regard to the arts, music, literature,...
  
  , he defeated Hiero
  Hiero II of Syracuse
  Hieron II , king of Syracuse from 270 to 215 BC, was the illegitimate son of a Syracusan noble, Hierocles, who claimed descent from Gelon. He was a former general of Pyrrhus of Epirus and an important figure of the First Punic War....
  
   and the Carthaginians
  Carthage
  Carthage , implying it was a 'new Tyre') is a major urban centre that has existed for nearly 3,000 years on the Gulf of Tunis, developing from a Phoenician colony of the 1st millennium BC...
  
  , and raised the siege of Messana.
• Appius Claudius Ap. f. C. n. Crassus Rufus, the eldest son of Appius Claudius Caecus, he was consul in 268 BC, and the last of the Claudii known to have borne the surname Crassus.
• Claudia, the name of five daughters of Appius Claudius Caecus.

Claudii Pulchri

• Publius Claudius Ap. f. C. n. Pulcher, consul in 249 BC; ignoring the auguries, he attacked the Carthaginian fleet at Drepana
  Battle of Drepana
  The naval Battle of Drepana took place in 249 BC during the First Punic War near modern Trapani, western Sicily between the fleets of Carthage and the Roman Republic.-Prelude:...
  
  , and was entirely defeated. Recalled to Rome, he nominated Marcus Claudius Glicia, the son of a freedman, as dictator. He was subsequently impeached and fined.
• Appius Claudius P. f. Ap. n. Pulcher
  Appius Claudius Pulcher (consul 212 BC)
  Appius Claudius Pulcher was a Roman general of the 3rd century BC, active in the Second Punic War.-Life:...
  
  , consul in 212 BC, during the Second Punic War
  Second Punic War
  The Second Punic War, also referred to as The Hannibalic War and The War Against Hannibal, lasted from 218 to 201 BC and involved combatants in the western and eastern Mediterranean. This was the second major war between Carthage and the Roman Republic, with the participation of the Berbers on...
  
  ; with his colleague laid siege to Capua
  Capua
  Capua is a city and comune in the province of Caserta, Campania, southern Italy, situated 25 km north of Naples, on the northeastern edge of the Campanian plain. Ancient Capua was situated where Santa Maria Capua Vetere is now...
  
  . His command was prolonged after his year of office, and he was mortally wounded in battle with Hannibal.
• Quinta Claudia P. f. Ap. n., freed a grounded ship bringing the image of Cybele
  Cybele
  Cybele , was a Phrygian form of the Earth Mother or Great Mother. As with Greek Gaia , her Minoan equivalent Rhea and some aspects of Demeter, Cybele embodies the fertile Earth...
  
   to Rome.
• Claudia P. f. Ap. n., married Pacuvius Calavius
  Pacuvius Calavius
  Pacuvius Calavius was the chief magistrate of Capua during the Second Punic War. In the aftermath of the Battle of Lake Trasimene, he prevented the people of Capua from surrendering the city to Hannibal...
  
   of Capua.
• Appius Claudius Ap. f. P. n. Pulcher
  Appius Claudius Pulcher (consul 185 BC)
  Appius Claudius Pulcher was a Roman politician of the 2nd century BC.-Life:Son of Appius Claudius Pulcher and brother of Publius Claudius Pulcher , in 197 BC and the three following years, he served as military tribune under Titus Quinctius Flamininus in Greece in the war with Philip V of Macedon...
  
  , consul in 185 BC.
• Publius Claudius Ap. f. P. n. Pulcher
  Publius Claudius Pulcher (consul 184 BC)
  Publius Claudius Pulcher , was son of Appius Claudius Pulcher and brother of Appius Claudius Pulcher . In 189 BC he was curule aedile, and in 188 BC praetor...
  
  , consul in 184 BC.
• Gaius Claudius Ap. f. P. n. Pulcher
  Gaius Claudius Pulcher (consul 177 BC)
  Gaius Claudius Pulcher, a.k.a. Caius Claudius , consul in 177 BC, was the son of Appius Claudius Pulcher consul in 212 BC, and he was the father of Appius Claudius Pulcher, consul in 143 BC....
  
  , consul in 177 BC, received Istria
  Istria
  Istria , formerly Histria , is the largest peninsula in the Adriatic Sea. The peninsula is located at the head of the Adriatic between the Gulf of Trieste and the Bay of Kvarner...
  
   as his province; he was censor in 169.
• Appius Claudius Ap. f. Ap. n. Pulcher
  Appius Claudius Pulcher (consul 143 BC)
  Appius Claudius Pulcher was a Roman politician of the 2nd century BC.-Life:Son of Gaius Claudius Pulcher , he was appointed consul in 143 BC, and, to obtain a pretext for a triumph, attacked the Salassi, an Alpine tribe...
  
  , consul in 143 BC, and censor in 136. He defeated the Salassi, but was refused a triumph by the senate, and triumphed at his own expense.
• Gaius Claudius C. f. Ap. n. Pulcher, consul in 130 BC, reported to the senate about the disturbances excited by Gaius Papirius Carbo
  Gaius Papirius Carbo (consul 120 BC)
  Gaius Papirius Carbo was an Ancient Roman statesman and orator. He was associated with Gaius Gracchus in carrying out the provision of the agrarian law of Tiberius Gracchus. When tribune of the people , Carbo carried out a law extending the secret ballot for the enactment and repeal of laws...
  
  .
• Appius Claudius C. f. C. n. Pulcher, son of the consul of 130 BC.
• Gaius Claudius C. f. C. n. Pulcher, son of the consul of 130 BC.
• Appius Claudius Ap. f. Ap. n. Pulcher, son of the consul of 143 BC, in 107 he participated in the discussions respecting the agrarian law of Spurius Thorius.
• Claudia Ap. f. Ap. n., daughter of the consul of 143 BC, and a Vestal Virgin
  Vestal Virgin
  In ancient Roman religion, the Vestals or Vestal Virgins , were priestesses of Vesta, goddess of the hearth. The College of the Vestals and its well-being was regarded as fundamental to the continuance and security of Rome, as embodied by their cultivation of the sacred fire that could not be...
  
  , she accompanied her father during his triumph.
• Claudia Ap. f. Ap. n.
  Claudia Pulchra
  Claudia Pulchra was the name of several women of Roman gens of Claudii during the 1st century BC and 1st century AD. The Latin pulchra is the root of the English word pulchritude .-Wife of Tiberius Gracchus:...
  
  , daughter of the consul of 143 BC, she married Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus
  Tiberius Gracchus
  Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus was a Roman Populares politician of the 2nd century BC and brother of Gaius Gracchus. As a plebeian tribune, his reforms of agrarian legislation caused political turmoil in the Republic. These reforms threatened the holdings of rich landowners in Italy...
  
  .
• Gaius Claudius Ap. f. C. n. Pulcher
  Gaius Claudius Pulcher (consul 92 BC)
  Gaius Claudius Pulcher was a Roman Republic consul in 92 BC, together with Marcus Perperna. His great-grandfather was Gaius Claudius Pulcher .In 100 BC he was one of those took up arms against Saturninus...
  
  , consul in 92 BC.
• Appius Claudius (Ap. f. C. n.) Pulcher, tribunus militum
  Military tribune
  A military tribune was an officer of the Roman army who ranked below the legate and above the centurion...
  
  in 87 BC, and probably the same man who was interrex
  Interrex
  The Interrex was literally a ruler "between kings" during the Roman Kingdom and the Roman Republic. He was in effect a short-term regent....
  
   in 77 BC.
• Appius Claudius C. f. C. n. Pulcher, consul in 79 BC.
• Appius Claudius Ap. f. Ap. n. Pulcher, praetor in 89 BC.
• Gaius Claudius Ap. f. Ap. n. Pulcher, praetor in 73 BC, was defeated by Spartacus
  Spartacus
  Spartacus was a famous leader of the slaves in the Third Servile War, a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic. Little is known about Spartacus beyond the events of the war, and surviving historical accounts are sometimes contradictory and may not always be reliable...
  
   at Mount Vesuvius
  Mount Vesuvius
  Mount Vesuvius is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples, Italy, about east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years, although it is not currently erupting...
  
  .
• Claudia Ap. f. Ap. n., sister of the praetors of 89 and 73 BC, married Quintus Marcius Philippus.
• Appius Claudius Ap. f. Ap. n. Pulcher, consul in 54 BC. and censor in 50.
• Gaius Claudius Ap. f. Ap. n. Pulcher, praetor in 56 BC.
• Publius Claudius Ap. f. Ap. n. Pulcher
  Publius Clodius Pulcher
  Publius Clodius Pulcher was a Roman politician known for his popularist tactics...
  
  , contrived to become tribune of the plebs
  Tribune
  Tribune was a title shared by elected officials in the Roman Republic. Tribunes had the power to convene the Plebeian Council and to act as its president, which also gave them the right to propose legislation before it. They were sacrosanct, in the sense that any assault on their person was...
  
  ; he was adopted by a plebeian, and affected the nomen Clodius, obtaining the tribunician power in 58 BC.
• Gaius Claudius C. f. Ap. n. Pulcher
  Appius Claudius Pulcher (consul 38 BC)
  Appius Claudius Pulcher was a Roman politician. An early supporter of Augustus, he was elected consul in 38 BC.-Biography:A member of the patrician branch of the Claudii family, Pulcher originally bore the name Gaius Claudius Pulcher, and was the natural born son of Gaius Claudius Pulcher, a...
  
  , adopted by his uncle, Appius, whose praenomen he assumed. He and his brother prosecuted Titus Annius Milo
  Titus Annius Milo
  Titus Annius Milo Papianus was a Roman political agitator, the son of Gaius Papius Celsus, but adopted by his maternal grandfather, Titus Annius Luscus...
  
   in 51 BC. One of the brothers was consul in 38 BC; it is assumed that this adopted one was.
• Appius Claudius C. f. Ap. n. Pulcher, joined his brother in prosecuting Milo; he was later impeached for extortion by the Servilii.
• Publius Clodius P. f. Ap. n. Pulcher, son of the tribune Clodius; he was a child at the time of his father's death. His life was spent in gluttonly and debauchery, and he died young.

Claudii Centhones

• Gaius Claudius Ap. f. C. n. Centho, the third son of Appius Claudius Caecus, he was consul in 240 BC, and dictator in 213.
• Gaius Claudius (C. f. Ap. n.) Centho, probably the father of the brothers Gaius and Appius.
• Gaius Claudius (C. f. C. n.) Centho, served under the consul Publius Sulpicius Galba
  Publius Sulpicius Galba Maximus
  Publius Sulpicius Galba Maximus was a consul of Rome in 211 BC, when he defended the city against the surprise attack by Hannibal.He was proconsul in Greece from 210 to 206, continuing the First Macedonian War against Philip V of Macedon...
  
   in 200 BC, during the war with Philip
  Philip V of Macedon
  Philip V was King of Macedon from 221 BC to 179 BC. Philip's reign was principally marked by an unsuccessful struggle with the emerging power of Rome. Philip was attractive and charismatic as a young man...
  
  . He successfully raised the siege of Athens
  Athens
  Athens , is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, as its recorded history spans around 3,400 years. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state...
  
  , compelling Philip to take the field.
• Appius Claudius (C. f. C. n.) Centho, praetor in 175 BC, received Hispania Citerior
  Hispania Citerior
  During the Roman Republic, Hispania Citerior was a region of Hispania roughly occupying the northeastern coast and the Ebro Valley of what is now Spain. Hispania Ulterior was located west of Hispania Citerior—that is, farther away from Rome.-External links:*...
  
   as his province; he defeated the Celtiberi
  Celtiberians
  The Celtiberians were Celtic-speaking people of the Iberian Peninsula in the final centuries BC. The group used the Celtic Celtiberian language.Archaeologically, the Celtiberians participated in the Hallstatt culture in what is now north-central Spain...
  
  , and received an ovation
  Ovation
  The ovation was a lower form of the Roman triumph. Ovations were granted, when war was not declared between enemies on the level of states, when an enemy was considered basely inferior or when the general conflict was resolved with little to no bloodshed or danger to the army itself.The general...
  
  .

Claudii Nerones

• Tiberius Claudius Ap. f. C. n. Nero, the fourth son of Appius Claudius Caecus.
• Tiberius Claudius Ti. f. (Ap. n.) Nero, father of the consul of 207 BC.
• Publius Claudius Ti. f. (Ap. n.) Nero, father of the consul of 202 BC.
• Gaius Claudius Ti. f. Ti. n. Nero
  Gaius Claudius Nero
  Gaius Claudius Nero was a Roman consul who fought in the Battle of the Metaurus . He was member of the gens Claudia. He is not to be confused with the Roman Emperor Nero.In 207 BC, the thirteenth year of the war, he was elected consul with Marcus Livius Salinator, and with his colleague he led the...
  
  , consul in 207 BC; with his colleague, triumphed over Hasdrubal at the Battle of the Metaurus
  Battle of the Metaurus
  The Battle of the Metaurus was a pivotal battle in the Second Punic War between Rome and Carthage, fought in 207 BC near the Metauro River in present-day Italy. The battle gets a chapter in the classic The Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World by Sir Edward Shepherd Creasy...
  
  . He was censor in 204.
• Tiberius Claudius P. f. Ti. n. Nero, consul in 202 BC, had Africa as his province; but his fleet was delayed by storms, and he was forced to winter in Sardinia until the expiration of his year of office.
• Appius Claudius Nero, praetor in 195 BC, obtained Hispania Ulterior as his province; in 189 he was one of ten legati sent into Asia, in order to settle affairs.
• Gaius Claudius (Ti. f. Ti. n.) Nero, praetor in 181 BC, obtained the province of Sicily.
• Tiberius Claudius Nero, praetor in 178 and 167 BC.
• Tiberius Claudius Nero, served under Pompey during the war against the pirates, in 67 BC; he is probably the same man who recommended that the conspirators of Catiline be held until the plot was suppressed, and the facts were known.
• Tiberius Claudius Nero
  Tiberius Nero
  Not to be confused with his son Tiberius or his grandson Germanicus, who both had the name 'Tiberius Claudius Nero' at one time or another. Tiberius Claudius Nero was a member of the Claudian Family of ancient Rome. He was a descendant of the original Tiberius Claudius Nero a consul, son of...
  
  , father of the emperor Tiberius, praetor circa 42 BC; he subsequently joined the consul Lucius Antonius during the Perusine War.
• Decimus Claudius Ti. f. Drusus
  Nero Claudius Drusus
  Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus , born Decimus Claudius Drusus also called Drusus, Drusus I, Nero Drusus, or Drusus the Elder was a Roman politician and military commander. He was a fully patrician Claudian on his father's side but his maternal grandmother was from a plebeian family...
  
  , afterwards Nero Claudius Drusus, consul in 9 BC; father of the emperor Claudius.
• Tiberius Claudius Ti. f. Nero
  Tiberius
  Tiberius , was Roman Emperor from 14 AD to 37 AD. Tiberius was by birth a Claudian, son of Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia Drusilla. His mother divorced Nero and married Augustus in 39 BC, making him a step-son of Octavian...
  
  , better known as the emperor Tiberius.
• (Decimus) Claudius D. f. Ti. n. Germanicus Caesar
  Germanicus
  Germanicus Julius Caesar , commonly known as Germanicus, was a member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty and a prominent general of the early Roman Empire. He was born in Rome, Italia, and was named either Nero Claudius Drusus after his father or Tiberius Claudius Nero after his uncle...
  
  , better known as Germanicus; nephew of Tiberius; consul in AD 12, he triumphed over the Pannonians and Dalmatians.
• Livia D. f. Ti. n., married first, Gaius Vipsanius Agrippa
  Gaius Caesar
  Gaius Julius Caesar , most commonly known as Gaius Caesar or Caius Caesar, was the oldest son of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Julia the Elder...
  
  ; second, Drusus, son of Tiberius.
• Tiberius Claudius D. f. Ti. n. Drusus Nero
  Claudius
  Claudius , was Roman Emperor from 41 to 54. A member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, he was the son of Drusus and Antonia Minor. He was born at Lugdunum in Gaul and was the first Roman Emperor to be born outside Italy...
  
   (Claudius), fourth emperor of Rome; nephew of Tiberius.
• Nero Claudius Ti. f. Ti. n. Drusus (Drusus the Younger), son of the emperor Tiberius, was consul in AD 15 and 21; he was subsequently poisoned by Livia at the bidding of Sejanus
  Sejanus
  Lucius Aelius Seianus , commonly known as Sejanus, was an ambitious soldier, friend and confidant of the Roman Emperor Tiberius...
  
  .
• Drusus Julius (D. f.) D. n. Caesar (Drusus Caesar), son of Germanicus, imprisoned and put to death by Tiberius in AD 33.
• Nero Julius (D. f.) D. n. Caesar, son of Germanicus.
• Gaius Julius (D. f.) D. n. Caesar
  Caligula
  Caligula , also known as Gaius, was Roman Emperor from 37 AD to 41 AD. Caligula was a member of the house of rulers conventionally known as the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Caligula's father Germanicus, the nephew and adopted son of Emperor Tiberius, was a very successful general and one of Rome's most...
  
  , son of Germanicus, better known as the emperor Caligula.
• (Tiberius) Claudius Ti. f. D. n. Drusus, son of the emperor Claudius; he died in childhood, in AD 20.
• Tiberius Claudius Ti. f. D. n. Germanicus
  Britannicus
  Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus was the son of the Roman emperor Claudius and his third wife Valeria Messalina. He became the heir-designate of the empire at his birth, less than a month into his father's reign. He was still a young boy at the time of his mother's downfall and Claudius'...
  
  , better known as Britannicus; son of the emperor Claudius, he was poisoned by his stepbrother, Nero.
• Nero Claudius Caesar Drusus Germanicus
  Nero
  Nero , was Roman Emperor from 54 to 68, and the last in the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Nero was adopted by his great-uncle Claudius to become his heir and successor, and succeeded to the throne in 54 following Claudius' death....
  
  , better known as the emperor Nero, who reigned from AD 54 to 68; he was born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus to Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus and Agrippina the Younger
  Agrippina the Younger
  Julia Agrippina, most commonly referred to as Agrippina Minor or Agrippina the Younger, and after 50 known as Julia Augusta Agrippina was a Roman Empress and one of the more prominent women in the Julio-Claudian dynasty...
  
  , but was adopted by the emperor Claudius in AD 50.

Claudii Marcelli

• Gaius Claudius (Marcellus), grandfather of the consul of 331 BC.
• Gaius Claudius C. f. (Marcellus), father of the consul of 331 BC.
• Marcus Claudius C. f. C. n. Marcellus, consul in 331 BC; he was appointed dictator in order to hold the elections in 327, but was prevented from doing so by the augurs, who apparently objected to a plebeian dictator.
• Marcus Claudius (M. f. C. n) Marcellus, consul in 287 BC.
• Marcus Claudius M. f. (M. n.) Marcellus, father of the consul of 222 BC.
• Marcus Claudius M. f. M. n. Marcellus
  Marcus Claudius Marcellus
  Marcus Claudius Marcellus , five times elected as consul of the Roman Republic, was an important Roman military leader during the Gallic War of 225 BC and the Second Punic War...
  
  , consul in 222, 215, 214, 210, and 208 BC, the great hero of the Second Punic War.
• Marcus Claudius Marcellus, plebeian aedile in 216 BC.
• Marcus Claudius M. f. M. n. Marcellus
  Marcus Claudius Marcellus (consul 196 BC)
  Marcus Claudius Marcellus was a consul and a censor in of the Roman Republic. He was the son of the famous general Marcus Claudius Marcellus , and possibly father of the three-time consul Marcus Claudius Marcellus .Marcellus first appears in Livy's history when his father, then curule aedile,...
  
  , consul in 196 BC, triumphed over the Boii
  Boii
  The Boii were one of the most prominent ancient Celtic tribes of the later Iron Age, attested at various times in Cisalpine Gaul , Pannonia , in and around Bohemia, and Transalpine Gaul...
  
   and Ligures.
• Marcus Claudius M. f. M. n. Marcellus, consul in 183 BC.
• Marcus Claudius Marcellus, praetor in 188 or 185 BC; one of them was consul in 183, but they were two distinct individuals.
• Marcus Claudius Marcellus, tribunus plebis in 171 BC.
• Marcus Claudius M. f. M. n. Marcellus
  Marcus Claudius Marcellus (consul 166 BC)
  Marcus Claudius Marcellus was Roman consul for year 166 BC , for 155 BC , and for 152 BC ....
  
  , consul in 166, 155, and 152 BC; triumphed over the Alpine Gauls and the Ligures.
• Marcus Claudius M. f. M. n. Marcellus, son of the consul of 166 BC.
• Marcus Claudius Marcellus, praetor in 137 BC, was killed by lightning during his year of office.
• Marcus Claudius Marcellus, a lieutenant of Lucius Julius Caesar during the Social War; he held the fortress of Aesernia
  Isernia
  Isernia Isernia Isernia (Latin: Aesernia or, in Pliny and later writers, Eserninus, or in the Antonine Itinerary, Serni is a town and comune in the central Italian region of Molise, and the capital of Isernia province.- Geography :...
  
   in Samnium
  Samnium
  Samnium is a Latin exonym for a region of south or south and central Italy in Roman times. The name survives in Italian today, but today's territory comprising it is only a small portion of what it once was. The populations of Samnium were called Samnites by the Romans...
  
   for some time, but was ultimately compelled to surrender. He was a rival of the orator Lucius Licinius Crassus
  Lucius Licinius Crassus
  Lucius Licinius Crassus was a Roman consul. He was considered the greatest Roman orator of his day, by his pupil Cicero.He became consul in 95 BC. During his consulship a law was passed requiring all but citizens to leave Rome, an edict which provoked the Social War...
  
  .
• Marcus Claudius M. f. M. n. Marcellus, curule aedile in 91 BC.
• Gaius Claudius M. f. M. n. Marcellus, praetor in 80 BC, and afterwards governor of Sicily; the mildness and justice of his administration was contrasted with that of his predecessor, and subsequently that of Verres
  Verres
  Gaius Verres was a Roman magistrate, notorious for his misgovernment of Sicily. It is not known what gens he belonged to, though some give him the nomen Licinius.-As governor:...
  
  .
• Marcus Claudius M. f. Marcellus Aeserninus, a young man who appeared as a witness at the trial of Verres, in 70 BC.
• Claudius M. f. Marcellus, the brother of Marcellus Aeserninus, he was adopted by one of the Cornelii Lentuli, and became Publius Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus. He fought under Pompeius during the war against the pirates, in 67 BC, and was an orator of considerable merit. For his descendants, see Cornelia (gens).
• Marcus Claudius Marcellus, one of the conspirators of Catiline in 63 BC; on the discovery of the plot, he attempted to instigate an insurrection amongst the Paeligni
  Paeligni
  The Paeligni or Peligni were an Italic people who lived in the Valle Peligna, in what is now Abruzzo, central Italy.-History:The Paeligni are first mentioned as a member of a confederacy which included the Marsi, Marrucini and Vestini, with which the Romans came into conflict in the Second Samnite...
  
  , but was defeated by the praetor, Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus
  Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus
  Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus was a politician of the late Roman Republic.Bibulus was the son in law of Marcus Porcius Cato Uticencis. In 59 BC he was elected consul, supported by the optimates, conservative republicans in the Senate and opponents of Julius Caesar's triumvirate...
  
  , and put to death.
• Gaius Claudius M. f. Marcellus, son of the conspirator, he also took part in Catiline's conspiracy, and attempted to instigate a slave revolt at Capua
  Capua
  Capua is a city and comune in the province of Caserta, Campania, southern Italy, situated 25 km north of Naples, on the northeastern edge of the Campanian plain. Ancient Capua was situated where Santa Maria Capua Vetere is now...
  
  , but was driven out by Publius Sestius, and took refuge in Bruttium
  Calabria
  Calabria , in antiquity known as Bruttium, is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of the Italian Peninsula. The capital city of Calabria is Catanzaro....
  
  , where he was put to death.
• Marcus Claudius Marcellus
  Marcus Claudius Marcellus (consul 51 BC)
  Marcus Claudius Marcellus, was a member of the plebeian gens Claudia of the branch cognomitated Marcellus and a Roman politician.Marcellus was elected curule aedile in 56 BC. In 52 BC he was elected consul, together with Servius Sulpicius Rufus, for the following year...
  
  , consul in 51 BC, and a respected orator; he joined the party of Pompeius during the Civil War, but was subsequently pardoned by Caesar.
• Gaius Claudius C. f. M. n. Marcellus
  Gaius Claudius Marcellus Minor
  :See Gaius Claudius Marcellus for other men of this name, or Gaius Claudius Marcellus Maior for his cousin, consul of 49 BC.Gaius Claudius Marcellus Minor was a Roman senator and consul. He was a member of the distinguished Claudius family...
  
  , consul in 50 BC; he supported Pompeius, investing him with the command against Caesar during the Civil War; but he remained at Rome and obtained Caesar's pardon for himself and his cousin, Marcus.
• Gaius Claudius M. f. M. n. Marcellus
  Gaius Claudius Marcellus Maior
  Gaius Claudius Marcellus Maior was a Roman consul in 49 BC.He is frequently confused with his cousin of the same name, Gaius Claudius Marcellus Minor, a consul a year before in 50 BC. Gaius was also the brother of the Marcus Claudius Marcellus, the consul of 51 BC.Little is known of him before his...
  
  , consul in 49 BC; he was a partisan of Pompeius, and probably died in the Civil War. He is frequently confused with his cousin, who was consul in the preceding year.
• Marcus Claudius M. f. (M. n.) Marcellus Aeserninus, quaestor in Hispania
  Hispania
  Another theory holds that the name derives from Ezpanna, the Basque word for "border" or "edge", thus meaning the farthest area or place. Isidore of Sevilla considered Hispania derived from Hispalis....
  
   in 48 BC, he was sent by Gaius Cassius Longinus
  Gaius Cassius Longinus
  Gaius Cassius Longinus was a Roman senator, a leading instigator of the plot to kill Julius Caesar, and the brother in-law of Marcus Junius Brutus.-Early life:...
  
   to put down a revolt at Corduba
  Córdoba, Spain
  -History:The first trace of human presence in the area are remains of a Neanderthal Man, dating to c. 32,000 BC. In the 8th century BC, during the ancient Tartessos period, a pre-urban settlement existed. The population gradually learned copper and silver metallurgy...
  
  , but joined the revolt and went over to Caesar, placing his legions under the command of Marcus Aemilius Lepidus
  Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (triumvir)
  Marcus Aemilius Lepidus , was a Roman patrician who rose to become a member of the Second Triumvirate and Pontifex Maximus. His father, Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, had been involved in a rebellion against the Roman Republic.Lepidus was among Julius Caesar's greatest supporters...
  
  .
• Marcus Claudius C. f. C. n. Marcellus
  Marcus Claudius Marcellus (Julio-Claudian dynasty)
  Marcus Claudius Marcellus was the eldest son of Octavia Minor, sister of Augustus, and Gaius Claudius Marcellus Minor, a former consul...
  
  , nephew of Augustus
  Augustus
  Augustus ;23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14) is considered the first emperor of the Roman Empire, which he ruled alone from 27 BC until his death in 14 AD.The dates of his rule are contemporary dates; Augustus lived under two calendars, the Roman Republican until 45 BC, and the Julian...
  
   and stepson of Marcus Antonius
  Mark Antony
  Marcus Antonius , known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general. As a military commander and administrator, he was an important supporter and loyal friend of his mother's cousin Julius Caesar...
  
  ; he was adopted by his uncle and married to his cousin, Julia. He was curule aedile in 23 BC. but died that autumn.
• Marcus Claudius M. f. M. n. Marcellus Aeserninus, consul in 22 BC, possibly the same as the Marcellus who served under Lepidus during the Civil War.
• Marcus Claudius M. f. M. n. Marcellus Aeserninus, son of the consul of 22 BC; he was trained as an orator by his grandfather, Gaius Asinius Pollio
  Gaius Asinius Pollio (consul 40 BC)
  Gaius Asinius Pollio was a Roman soldier, politician, orator, poet, playwright, literary critic and historian, whose lost contemporary history, provided much of the material for the historians Appian and Plutarch...
  
  .

Claudii Caninae

• Gaius Claudius Canina, grandfather of the consul of 285 BC.
• Marcus Claudius C. f. Canina, father of the consul of 285 BC.
• Gaius Claudius M. f. C. n. Canina, consul in 285 and 273 BC.

Claudii Aselli

• Tiberius Claudius Asellus, tribunus militum under Gaius Claudius Nero, consul in 207 BC, during the Second Punic War; the following year he was praetor, and obtained Sardinia as his province. He was tribunus plebis in 204.
• Tiberius Claudius Asellus, an eques who was deprived of his horse and reduced to the condition of an aerarian by the censor Scipio Aemilianus in 142 BC; he was subsequently restored by Scipio's colleague, Lucius Mummius
  Lucius Mummius Achaicus
  Lucius Mummius , was a Roman statesman and general, also known as Leucius Mommius. He later received the agnomen Achaicus after conquering Greece.-Praetor:...
  
  , and as tribunus plebis in 139 he accused Scipio.

Others

• Gaius Claudius Cicero, tribunus plebis in 454 BC; he prosecuted Titus Romilius, the consul of the preceding year, for selling the spoils of the war with the Aequi
  Aequi
  thumb|300px|Location of the Aequi in central Italy.The Aequi were an ancient people of northeast Latium and the central Appennines of Italy who appear in the early history of ancient Rome. After a long struggle for independence from Rome they were defeated and substantial Roman colonies were...
  
   without the permission of the soldiers.
• Gaius Claudius Hortator, appointed magister equitum by the dictator Gaius Claudius Crassus in 337 BC.
• Marcus Claudius C. f. Glicia, the son of a freedman, was nominated dictator by Publius Claudius Pulcher, following the Battle of Drepana in 249 BC. Glicia's appointment was immediately superseded, but nonetheless recorded in the consular fasti
  Fasti
  In ancient Rome, the fasti were chronological or calendar-based lists, or other diachronic records or plans of official and religiously sanctioned events...
  
  . In 236 he was legate to the consul Gaius Licinius Varus, but punished for entering into an unauthorized treaty with the Corsi
  Corsica
  Corsica is an island in the Mediterranean Sea. It is located west of Italy, southeast of the French mainland, and north of the island of Sardinia....
  
  .
• Quintus Claudius, tribunus plebis in 218 BC; probably the same person as Quintus Claudius Flamen, praetor in 208.
• Quintus Claudius Flamen, praetor in 208 BC, and subsequently propraetor in the territory of the Sallentini
  Iapyges
  The Iapyges or Iapygians were an Indo-European people who inhabited the heel of Italy before being absorbed by the Romans.-Identity:The Iapyges have unknown origins but could have been from Illyria....
  
   and Tarentum
  Taranto
  Taranto is a coastal city in Apulia, Southern Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Taranto and is an important commercial port as well as the main Italian naval base....
  
  , during the Second Punic War.
• Tiberius Claudius Centumalus, sued for fraud involving the sale of property to Publius Calpurnius Lanarius; judgment against Claudius was given by Marcus Porcius Cato, the father of Cato Uticensis
  Cato the Younger
  Marcus Porcius Cato Uticensis , commonly known as Cato the Younger to distinguish him from his great-grandfather , was a politician and statesman in the late Roman Republic, and a follower of the Stoic philosophy...
  
  .
• Quintus Claudius Quadrigarius
  Quintus Claudius Quadrigarius
  Quintus Claudius Quadrigarius, Roman annalist, living probably in the 1st century BC, wrote a history, in at least twenty-three books, which began with the conquest of Rome by the Gauls and went on to the death of Sulla or perhaps later....
  
  , a historian of the early 1st century BC, he wrote a history of Rome from the sack of Rome
  Battle of the Allia
  The Battle of the Allia was a battle of the first Gallic invasion of Rome. The battle was fought near the Allia river: the defeat of the Roman army opened the route for the Gauls to sack Rome. It was fought in 390/387 BC.-Background:...
  
   by the Gauls in 390 BC. to the death of Sulla
  Lucius Cornelius Sulla
  Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix , known commonly as Sulla, was a Roman general and statesman. He had the rare distinction of holding the office of consul twice, as well as that of dictator...
  
  .
• Sextus Clodius, a Sicilian
  Sicily
  Sicily is a region of Italy, and is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. Along with the surrounding minor islands, it constitutes an autonomous region of Italy, the Regione Autonoma Siciliana Sicily has a rich and unique culture, especially with regard to the arts, music, literature,...
  
   rhetorician, under whom Marcus Antonius
  Mark Antony
  Marcus Antonius , known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general. As a military commander and administrator, he was an important supporter and loyal friend of his mother's cousin Julius Caesar...
  
   studied oratory, and whom he rewarded with a large estate in the Leontine
  Lentini
  Lentini , historically Leontini, Leontinoi , or Leontium, is a town and comune in the Province of Syracuse, southeast Sicily .-History:...
  
   territory.
• Lucius Clodius, praefectus fabrum to Appius Claudius Pulcher, consul in 54 BC; he was tribunus plebis in 43.
• Gaius Claudius, probably the descendant of a freedman of the Claudian house, was one of the suite of Publius Clodius Pulcher on his last journey to Aricia
  Ariccia
  Ariccia is a town and comune in the Province of Rome, central Italy. It is in the Alban Hills of the Lazio region and could be considered an extension of Rome's southeastern suburbs...
  
  .
• Publius Clodius M. f., probably the Clodius sent into Macedonia
  Macedonia (Roman province)
  The Roman province of Macedonia was officially established in 146 BC, after the Roman general Quintus Caecilius Metellus defeated Andriscus of Macedon, the last Ancient King of Macedon in 148 BC, and after the four client republics established by Rome in the region were dissolved...
  
   by Caesar
  Julius Caesar
  Gaius Julius Caesar was a Roman general and statesman and a distinguished writer of Latin prose. He played a critical role in the gradual transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire....
  
   in 48 BC, and the same as Clodius Bithynicus, who fought on the side of Antonius in the Perusine War, and was put to death by order of Octavianus
  Augustus
  Augustus ;23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14) is considered the first emperor of the Roman Empire, which he ruled alone from 27 BC until his death in 14 AD.The dates of his rule are contemporary dates; Augustus lived under two calendars, the Roman Republican until 45 BC, and the Julian...
  
   in 40.
• Appius Claudius C. f., mentioned by Cicero in a letter to Brutus; he attached himself to the party of Marcus Antonius, who had restored his father. It is uncertain whether he can be identified with either of two persons of this name who were proscribed by the triumvirs
  Second Triumvirate
  The Second Triumvirate is the name historians give to the official political alliance of Octavius , Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, and Mark Antony, formed on 26 November 43 BC with the enactment of the Lex Titia, the adoption of which marked the end of the Roman Republic...
  
  .
• Sextus Clodius, the accomplice of Publius Clodius Pulcher, after whose death he was exiled; he was restored by Marcus Antonius in 44 BC.
• Gaius Claudius, a follower of Marcus Junius Brutus, who ordered him to put Gaius Antonius
  Gaius Antonius
  Gaius Antonius was the second son of Marcus Antonius Creticus and Julia Antonia, and thus, younger brother of Mark Antony, triumvir and enemy of Caesar Augustus.-Early life:...
  
   to death; afterwards he was sent to Rhodes
  Rhodes
  Rhodes is an island in Greece, located in the eastern Aegean Sea. It is the largest of the Dodecanese islands in terms of both land area and population, with a population of 117,007, and also the island group's historical capital. Administratively the island forms a separate municipality within...
  
   in command of a squadron, and after his patron's death, he joined Cassius Parmensis.
• Lucius Claudius, Rex Sacrorum
  Rex Sacrorum
  In ancient Roman religion, the rex sacrorum was a senatorial priesthood reserved for patricians. Although in the historical era the pontifex maximus was the head of Roman state religion, Festus says that in the ranking of priests, the rex sacrorum was of highest prestige, followed by the flamines...
  
  during the first century BC.
• Claudius Felix, a name assigned by some writers to Marcus Antonius Felix
  Antonius Felix
  Marcus Antonius Felix was the Roman procurator of Iudaea Province 52-58, in succession to Ventidius Cumanus.- Life :...
  
  , a freedman of the emperor Claudius, who was later procurator
  Procurator (Roman)
  A procurator was the title of various officials of the Roman Empire, posts mostly filled by equites . A procurator Augusti was the governor of the smaller imperial provinces...
  
   of Judaea
  Iudaea Province
  Judaea or Iudaea are terms used by historians to refer to the Roman province that extended over parts of the former regions of the Hasmonean and Herodian kingdoms of Israel...
  
  .
• Claudius Severus, leader of the Helvetii
  Helvetii
  The Helvetii were a Celtic tribe or tribal confederation occupying most of the Swiss plateau at the time of their contact with the Roman Republic in the 1st century BC...
  
   in AD. 69.
• Claudius Civilis
  Gaius Julius Civilis
  Gaius Julius Civilis was the leader of the Batavian rebellion against the Romans in 69. By his nomen, it can be told that he was made a Roman citizen by either Augustus or Caligula....
  
  , also known as Gaius Julius Civilis, a leader of the Batavi, who led the Batavian revolt in AD. 69.
• Claudius Labeo, a leader of the Batavi, and rival of Civilis, who defeated him during the Batavian revolt.
• Claudius Capito, an orator, and a contemporary of the younger Plinius
  Pliny the Younger
  Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, born Gaius Caecilius or Gaius Caecilius Cilo , better known as Pliny the Younger, was a lawyer, author, and magistrate of Ancient Rome. Pliny's uncle, Pliny the Elder, helped raise and educate him...
  
  .
• Tiberius Claudius Sacerdos, consul suffectus in AD. 100.
• Gaius Claudius Severus
  Gaius Claudius Severus
  Gaius Claudius Severus was a Roman senator who lived in the second half of the 1st century and the first half of the 2nd century in the Roman Empire....
  
  , consul suffectus in AD. 112.
• Lucius Catilius Severus Julianus Claudius Reginus, consul in AD. 120.
• Marcus Gavius Claudius Squilla Gallicanus, consul in AD. 127.
• Claudius Ptolemaeus, a Greek mathematician and astronomer of the 2nd century
• Tiberius Claudius Atticus Herodes
  Herodes Atticus
  Lucius Vibullius Hipparchus Tiberius Claudius Atticus Herodes, otherwise known as Herodes Atticus was a very distinguished, rich Greek aristocrat who served as a Roman Senator and a Sophist. He is notable as a proponent in the Second Sophistic by Philostratus.-Ancestry and Family:Herodes Atticus...
  
  , a celebrated rhetorician; consul in AD. 143.
• Gnaeus Claudius Severus
  Gnaeus Claudius Severus Arabianus
  Gnaeus Claudius Severus Arabianus was a Roman Senator and philosopher that lived in the Roman Empire.Severus was the son of the consul and the first Roman Governor of Arabia Petraea, Gaius Claudius Severus by an unnamed mother. Severus was of Pontian Greek descent...
  
  , consul in AD. 146.
• Claudius Maximus
  Claudius Maximus
  Claudius Maximus was a Stoic philosopher and a teacher of Marcus Aurelius.Marcus describes him as the perfect sage:From Maximus I learned self-government, and not to be led aside by anything; and cheerfulness in all circumstances, as well as in illness; and a just admixture in the moral character...
  
  , a stoic
  Stoicism
  Stoicism is a school of Hellenistic philosophy founded in Athens by Zeno of Citium in the early . The Stoics taught that destructive emotions resulted from errors in judgment, and that a sage, or person of "moral and intellectual perfection," would not suffer such emotions.Stoics were concerned...
  
   philosopher during the age of the Antonines.
• Claudius Saturninus, a jurist during the reigns of Antoninus Pius
  Antoninus Pius
  Antoninus Pius , also known as Antoninus, was Roman Emperor from 138 to 161. He was a member of the Nerva-Antonine dynasty and the Aurelii. He did not possess the sobriquet "Pius" until after his accession to the throne...
  
   and Marcus Aurelius, and the author of Liber Singularis de Poenis Paganorum.
• Claudius Apollinaris, bishop of Hierapolis
  Hierapolis
  Hierapolis was the ancient Greco-Roman city which sat on top of hot springs located in south western Turkey near Denizli....
  
   in Phrygia
  Phrygia
  In antiquity, Phrygia was a kingdom in the west central part of Anatolia, in what is now modern-day Turkey. The Phrygians initially lived in the southern Balkans; according to Herodotus, under the name of Bryges , changing it to Phruges after their final migration to Anatolia, via the...
  
   from AD. 170; an early Christian apologist, he wrote to the emperor Marcus Aurelius. He also wrote against the Jews and Gentiles, as well as various doctrines considered heretical by the early church.
• Gnaeus Claudius Severus
  Gnaeus Claudius Severus
  Gnaeus Claudius Severus was a Roman senator and philosopher who lived in the Roman Empire during the 2nd century.Severus was the son of the Roman senator and philosopher Gnaeus Claudius Severus Arabianus by an unnamed mother. Severus was of Pontian Greek descent. He was born and raised in...
  
  , consul in AD. 173.
• Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus
  Claudius Pompeianus
  Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus was a Roman general of emperor Marcus Aurelius. He married Aurelius' daughter Lucilla and rose to the rank of senior senator in Rome before twice refusing emperorship for himself....
  
  , consul in AD. 173, and probably consul suffectus in 176; he married Lucilla
  Lucilla
  Annia Aurelia Galeria Lucilla or Lucilla was the second daughter and third child of Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius and Roman Empress Faustina the Younger and an elder sister to future Roman Emperor Commodus....
  
  , the daughter of Marcus Aurelius.
• Maternus Tiberius Claudius, consul in AD. 185.
• Claudius Galenus
  Galen
  Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus , better known as Galen of Pergamon , was a prominent Roman physician, surgeon and philosopher...
  
  , a name assigned to the physician Galen.
• Claudius Quintianus Pompeianus, a young senator, and the son-in-law of Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus and Lucilla; he was persuaded by Lucilla to attempt the life of her brother, the emeperor Commodus
  Commodus
  Commodus , was Roman Emperor from 180 to 192. He also ruled as co-emperor with his father Marcus Aurelius from 177 until his father's death in 180. His name changed throughout his reign; see changes of name for earlier and later forms. His accession as emperor was the first time a son had succeeded...
  
  , but failed and was put to death.
• Claudius Tryphoninus, a jurist during the reign of Septimius Severus
  Septimius Severus
  Septimius Severus , also known as Severus, was Roman Emperor from 193 to 211. Severus was born in Leptis Magna in the province of Africa. As a young man he advanced through the customary succession of offices under the reigns of Marcus Aurelius and Commodus. Severus seized power after the death of...
  
  .
• Tiberius Claudius Severus
  Tiberius Claudius Severus Proculus
  Tiberius Claudius Severus Proculus was a Roman Senator that lived in the Roman Empire.-Descent and Family:Severus Proculus was born of noble descent. He was from a wealthy, prominent, distinguished family in Pompeiopolis, a city in the Roman province of Galatia...
  
  , consul in AD. 200.
• Claudius Aelianus
  Claudius Aelianus
  Claudius Aelianus , often seen as just Aelian, born at Praeneste, was a Roman author and teacher of rhetoric who flourished under Septimius Severus and probably outlived Elagabalus, who died in 222...
  
  , a scholar, rhetorician, and antiquarian of the early 3rd century
• Appius Claudius Julianus, consul in AD. 224.
• Claudius Pompeianus
  Lucius Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus
  Lucius Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus was a Roman politician and senator in the 3rd century who served as Roman consul in 231.Pompeianus came from Antioch. His father was Lucius Commodus Aurellius Pompeianus, who was consul in 209...
  
  , consul in AD. 231.
• Gnaeus Claudius Severus, consul in AD. 235.
• Lucius Tiberius Claudius Aurelius Quintianus, consul in AD. 235.
• Marcus Clodius Pupienus Maximus
  Pupienus
  Pupienus , also known as Pupienus Maximus, was Roman Emperor with Balbinus for three months in 238, the Year of the Six Emperors. The sources for this period are scant, and thus knowledge of the emperor is limited...
  
  , emperor in AD. 238.
• Marcus Aurelius Claudius Gothicus, emperor from AD. 268 to 270.
• Marcus Claudius Tacitus
  Marcus Claudius Tacitus
  Tacitus , was Roman Emperor from 275 to 276. During his short reign he campaigned against the Goths and the Heruli, for which he received the title Gothicus Maximus.-Biography:Tacitus was born in Interamna , in Italia...
  
  , emperor from AD. 275 to 276.
• Titus Claudius Marcus Aurelius Aristobulus, consul in AD. 285.
• Claudius Eusthenius, secretary to the emperor Diocletian
  Diocletian
  Diocletian |latinized]] upon his accession to Diocletian . c. 22 December 244  – 3 December 311), was a Roman Emperor from 284 to 305....
  
  , he wrote lives of Diocletian, Maximian
  Maximian
  Maximian was Roman Emperor from 286 to 305. He was Caesar from 285 to 286, then Augustus from 286 to 305. He shared the latter title with his co-emperor and superior, Diocletian, whose political brain complemented Maximian's military brawn. Maximian established his residence at Trier but spent...
  
  , Galerius
  Galerius
  Galerius , was Roman Emperor from 305 to 311. During his reign he campaigned, aided by Diocletian, against the Sassanid Empire, sacking their capital Ctesiphon in 299. He also campaigned across the Danube against the Carpi, defeating them in 297 and 300...
  
  , and Constantius
  Constantius Chlorus
  Constantius I , commonly known as Constantius Chlorus, was Roman Emperor from 293 to 306. He was the father of Constantine the Great and founder of the Constantinian dynasty. As Caesar he defeated the usurper Allectus in Britain and campaigned extensively along the Rhine frontier, defeating the...
  
  .
• Claudius Mamertinus, the author of two panegyric
  Panegyric
  A panegyric is a formal public speech, or written verse, delivered in high praise of a person or thing, a generally highly studied and discriminating eulogy, not expected to be critical. It is derived from the Greek πανηγυρικός meaning "a speech fit for a general assembly"...
  
  s in honor of the emperor Maximian; the surname Mamertinus is uncertain.
• Flavius Claudius Constantinus Caesar
  Constantine II (emperor)
  Constantine II , was Roman Emperor from 337 to 340. Co-emperor alongside his brothers, his short reign saw the beginnings of conflict emerge between the sons of Constantine the Great, and his attempt to exert his perceived rights of primogeniture ended up causing his death in a failed invasion of...
  
   (Constantine II), emperor
• Flavius Claudius Julianus
  Julian the Apostate
  Julian "the Apostate" , commonly known as Julian, or also Julian the Philosopher, was Roman Emperor from 361 to 363 and a noted philosopher and Greek writer....
  
   emperor from AD. 361 to 363.
• Claudius Mamertinus, consul in AD. 362.
• Sextus Claudius Petronius Probus, consul in AD. 371.
• Flavius Claudius Antonius, consul in AD. 382.
• Claudius Claudianus
  Claudian
  Claudian was a Roman poet, who worked for Emperor Honorius and the latter's general Stilicho.A Greek-speaking citizen of Alexandria and probably not a Christian convert, Claudian arrived in Rome before 395. He made his mark with a eulogy of his two young patrons, Probinus and Olybrius, thereby...
  
  , the last of the Latin classic poets, who flourished during the reigns of Theodosius
  Theodosius I
  Theodosius I , also known as Theodosius the Great, was Roman Emperor from 379 to 395. Theodosius was the last emperor to rule over both the eastern and the western halves of the Roman Empire. During his reign, the Goths secured control of Illyricum after the Gothic War, establishing their homeland...
  
  , Arcadius
  Arcadius
  Arcadius was the Byzantine Emperor from 395 to his death. He was the eldest son of Theodosius I and his first wife Aelia Flaccilla, and brother of the Western Emperor Honorius...
  
  , and Honorius
  Honorius (emperor)
  Honorius , was Western Roman Emperor from 395 to 423. He was the younger son of emperor Theodosius I and his first wife Aelia Flaccilla, and brother of the eastern emperor Arcadius....
  
  .
• Imp. Caesar Flavius Claudius Constantinus Augustus
  Constantine III (usurper)
  Flavius Claudius Constantinus, known in English as Constantine III was a Roman general who declared himself Western Roman Emperor in Britannia in 407 and established himself in Gaul. Recognised by the Emperor Honorius in 409, collapsing support and military setbacks saw him abdicate in 411...
  
   (Constantine III), usurper
• Claudius Julius Eclesius Dynamius, consul in AD. 488.
• Claudius Didymus, a Greek grammarian, who wrote about the mistakes of Thucydides
  Thucydides
  Thucydides was a Greek historian and author from Alimos. His History of the Peloponnesian War recounts the 5th century BC war between Sparta and Athens to the year 411 BC...
  
   relating to analogy, a separate work about analogy among the Romans, and an epitome of the works of Heracleon
  Heracleon
  Heracleon was a Gnostic who flourished about AD 175, probably in the south of Italy. He is described by Clement of Alexandria as the most esteemed of the school of Valentinus; and, according to Origen Heracleon was a Gnostic who flourished about AD 175, probably in the south of Italy. He is...
  
  .
• Claudius Julius or Ioläus, a Greek writer of unknown date, who wrote a work on Phoenicia, and apparently another on the Peloponnesus
  Peloponnese
  The Peloponnese, Peloponnesos or Peloponnesus , is a large peninsula , located in a region of southern Greece, forming the part of the country south of the Gulf of Corinth...
  
  . He was probably a freedman.

See also

• List of Roman gentes
• Julio-Claudian dynasty
  Julio-Claudian Dynasty
  The Julio-Claudian dynasty normally refers to the first five Roman Emperors: Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula , Claudius, and Nero, or the family to which they belonged; they ruled the Roman Empire from its formation, in the second half of the 1st century BC, until AD 68, when the last of the line,...
  
  
• List of Roman consuls
• Livius
  Livius
  Livius is the nomen of an individual male of the Livia gens, a family of ancient Rome. Collectively they were termed the Livii . Any individual female was called Livia. Both male and female names might be qualified by one or more agnomina. Males in addition had a praenomen...