Days of the week
Encyclopedia
The names of the days of the week
from the Roman period have been both named after the seven planets of classical astronomy and numbered, beginning with Monday
. In Slavic languages
, a numbering system was adopted, but beginning with Monday
. There was an even older tradition of names in Ancient Indian Astrology which could arguably be the origin of all these naming systems. All of these systems have been adopted in many languages, with some exceptions resulting from a number of religious and secular considerations.
gradually replaced the eight day Roman nundinal cycle with the seven-day week. The astrological order of the days was explained by Vettius Valens
and Dio Cassius
(and Chaucer gave the same explanation in his Treatise on the Astrolabe
). According to these authors, it was a principle of astrology that the heavenly bodies presided, in succession, over the hours of the day. The Ptolemaic system asserts that the order of the heavenly bodies, from the farthest to the closest to the Earth, is: Saturn
, Jupiter
, Mars
, Sun
, Venus
, Mercury
, Moon
. (This order was first established by the Greek Stoics
.)
In astrological theory, not only the days of the week, but the hours of the day are dominated by the seven luminaries. If the first hour of a day is dominated by Saturn (
), then the second hour is dominated by Jupiter (
), the third by Mars (
), and so on
with the Sun (
), Venus (
), Mercury (
), and the moon (
), so that the sequence of planets repeats every seven hours. Therefore, the twenty-fifth hour, which is the first hour of the following day, is dominated by the Sun; the forty-ninth hour, which is the first hour of the next day, by the Moon. Thus, if a day is labelled by the planet which dominates its first hour, then Saturn's day is followed by the Sun's day, which is followed by the Moon's day, and so forth, as shown below.
According to Vettius Valens, the first hour of the day began at sunset, which follows Greek and Babylonian convention. He also states that the light and dark halves of the day were presided over by the heavenly bodies of the first hour of each half. This is confirmed by a Pompeian graffito which calls 6 February 60 a Sunday, even though by modern reckoning it is a Wednesday. Thus this graffito used the daylight naming convention of Valens whereas the nighttime naming convention of Valens agrees with the modern astrological reckoning, which names the day after the ruler of the first daylight hour.
These two overlapping weeks continued to be used by Alexandria
n Christians during the 4th century, but the days in both were simply numbered 1–7. Although names of gods were not used, the week beginning on Wednesday was named in Greek
ton theon ([day] of the gods), as used by the late fourth-century editor of the Easter
letters of Bishop Athanasius
, and in a table of Easter dates for 311–369 that survives in an Ethiopic copy. These overlapping weeks are still used in the Ethiopic computus
. Each of the days of the week beginning on Sunday is called a "Day of John" whereas each of the days of the week beginning on Wednesday is called a "tentyon", a simple transcription of the Greek ton theon.
, an astrologer writing ca
170 AD in his Anthologiarum. The order was Sun, Moon, Ares, Hermes, Zeus, Aphrodite, and Cronos.
From Greece the planetary week names passed to the Romans, and from Latin to other languages of southern and western Europe, and to other languages later influenced by them.
, 2003, p. 7). MS. 17, dating from at least 1043, is now held at St. John's College, Oxford. It records five week-day lists, which it names as follows: secundum Hebreos ('Hebrew' days); secundum antiquos gentiles (Roman days of the week);secundum Siluestrum papam (a list derived from the apocryphal Acta Syluestri); secundum Anglos (Anglo-Saxon
week-days); secundum Scottos (days of the week 'according to the Irish'). Each term begins with the word Diu, Classical
Old Irish for dia, day. Diu, according to Ó Cróinín, "we have a clear reflex of the Indo-European nominative singular, with a lenghtened grade, giving arhaic Old Irish diu; it is suggested that what we have in the Oxford list and in Cormac's Glossary is the oldest form of Old Irish dia, representing the old nominative case of the noun
in adverbial usage." (Ó Cróinín, 2003, p. 12).
The names in the Irish list are:
The form Ethomuin is found in Rawlinson B 502.
adapted the system introduced by the Romans but glossed their indigenous gods
over the Roman deities (with the exception of Saturday) in a process known as Interpretatio germanica.
The date of the introduction of this system is not known exactly, but it must have happened later than AD 200 but before the introduction of Christianity during the 6th to 7th centuries, i.e. during the final phase or soon after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire
. This period is later than the Common Germanic stage, but still during the phase of undifferentiated West Germanic.
The weekday names in Scandinavian languages were not calqued from Latin directly, but taken from the West Germanic names.
attestations of the navagraha
"nine astrological forces", seven of which are used for day names, date to the Yavanajataka
"Sayings of the Greeks", a 150 AD translation of a 120 AD Greek Alexandrian text.
This was probably the oldest and the most original tradition which traveled through ambassadors to the Near East
and beyond into Europe
. This forms the basis of week day names in most Indian languages and the languages of South Asia
and South East Asia.
Though the explanation on the sequence of the name is only available in ancient texts in India. Which goes as below,
The division of days among the planets was done based on the speed of each planet as perceived from earth.
Sun and Moon being the nearest and most important planets were allotted first two days and then the planet next in sequence to the original position of the planet was given the next day.. The sequence based on speed is Moon, Mercury, Venus, Sun, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn.
So after Sunday and Monday, the next to Sun was Mars hence the day was 'Mangalwar', next to moon was Mercury and hence 'Budhawar' next Mars was Jupiter and hence Guruwar , next to Mercury was Venus and hence ‘Shukrawar’ , next to Jupiter was Saturn and hence ‘Shaniwar’ and thus the seven names in this particular sequence.
astrologer Fan Ning, who lived in the late 4th century of Jin Dynasty. Later diffusions from the Manichaeans
are documented with the writings of the Chinese Buddhist monk Yi Jing
and the Ceylonese Buddhist monk Bu Kong
of the 8th century under the Tang Dynasty
. The Chinese transliteration of the planetary system was soon brought to Japan
by the Japanese monk Kobo Daishi; surviving diaries of the Japanese statesman Fujiwara Michinaga show the seven day system in use in Heian Period
Japan as early as 1007. In Japan, the seven day system was kept in use (for astrological purposes) until its promotion to a full-fledged (Western-style) calendrical basis during the Meiji
era. In China, with the founding of the Republic of China
in 1911, Monday through Saturday in China are now numbered one through six, with the reference to the Sun remaining for Sunday （星期日）.
or Abrahamic tradition
, the first day of the week is Sunday
. Biblical Sabbath
(corresponding to Saturday), when God rested from six-day Creation, made the day following Sabbath the first day of the week (corresponding to Sunday). Seventh-day Sabbaths were sanctified for celebration and rest. After the week was adopted in early Christianity, Sunday remained the first day of the week, but also gradually displaced Saturday as the day of celebration and rest, being considered the Lord's Day
.
Saint Martin of Dumio
(c. 520
–580
), archbishop of Braga
, decided it unworthy to call days by pagan gods and decided to use ecclesiastic terminology to designate them. This was the birth of the present Portuguese numbered system. Martin also tried to replace the names of the planets, but was not successful. In the Middle Ages
, Galician-Portuguese
retained both systems. The Roman gods' names are still used in Galician
.
In the Hebrew
and Islamic calendar
s the days extend from sunset to sunset. Thus, Jewish Shabbat
starts at sunset on Friday and extends into Saturday nightfall when three stars become visible. The first day of the Islamic calendar, yaum al-ahad, starts on Saturday after sunset and extends to sunset on Sunday.
Icelandic
is notably divergent, maintaining only the Sun and Moon (sunnudagur and mánudagur respectively), while dispensing with the names of the explicitly heathen gods in favour of a combination of numbered days and days whose names are linked to pious or domestic routine (föstudagur, "Fasting Day" and laugardagur, "Washing Day"). The "washing day" is also used in other North Germanic languages
, although the Pagan names generally are retained.
as the first day of the week with ISO-8601
for software date formats.
The Slavic
, Baltic
and Uralic languages
(except Finnish) adopted numbering but took Monday rather than Sunday as the "first day".
Chinese Sunday means "week day" (星期日 or 星期天). Monday is named literally "first day of the (seven-day) week cycle", Tuesday is "second day of the (seven-day) week cycle", and so on. When China adopted the Western calendar Sunday was at the beginning of the calendar week but today Monday is preferred.
A second way to refer to weekdays is using the word zhōu (周), meaning "cycle." Therefore Sunday is referred to as zhōumò (周末), meaning "cycle's end" and Monday to Saturday are termed accordingly zhōuyī (周一) "first of cycle," zhōu'èr (周二) "second of cycle," and etc.
Another Chinese numbering system, found in spoken Mandarin and in southern dialects/languages (i.e. Cantonese and Min), refers to Sunday as the "day of worship" (lǐbàirì 禮拜日 or lǐbàitiān 禮拜天) and numbers the other days "first [day after] worship" (Monday) through to "sixth [day after] worship" (Saturday). The Chinese word used for "worship" is associated with Christian and Muslim worship.
, lur (Monday) and virer (Friday) follow the Latin convention, while utorek (Tuesday), sredu (Wednesday), and četrtok (Thursday) follow the Slavic convention.
There are several systems in the different Basque dialects.
Holy Day (Christianity
)
Resurrection
(Christianity
)
Bazaar
Day
Market Day
No Work
Full good day
After Bazaar
Head of Week
Master (as in Pir
, because Muhammad
was born on a Monday )
(Assembly), of which god Tyr/Ziu was the patron.
Second day of the week (cf. Hungarian
kettő "two")
The First Fast
(Christianity
)
(An Dé idir dhá aoin, contracted to An Déardaoin) (Christianity
)
Five (Arabic)
(Celtic) or Fasting Day
(Icelandic) (Christianity
)
Good Friday or Preparation
(Christianity
)
Day of Faith
(Islam
)
Gathering/Assembly/Meeting
(Islam
)
or seventh-day Sabbath (Judeo–Christian)
Wash or Bath day
Sun-eve (Eve of Sunday)
After the Gathering
(Islam
)
End of the Week (Arabic Sabt = Rest) (Islam
)
Week
Half good day
holy day
Seven-day week
The seven-day week is used by the majority of the world and is the international standard as specified in ISO 8601.- Origins :The origin of the seven-day week is the religious significance that was placed on the seventh day by ancient cultures, including the Babylonian civilization and the Jewish...
from the Roman period have been both named after the seven planets of classical astronomy and numbered, beginning with Monday
Monday
Monday is the day of the week between Sunday and Tuesday. According to international standard ISO 8601 it is the first day of the work week. According to the Islamic and Hebrew calendars, Sunday is the first day of the week...
. In Slavic languages
Slavic languages
The Slavic languages , a group of closely related languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup of Indo-European languages, have speakers in most of Eastern Europe, in much of the Balkans, in parts of Central Europe, and in the northern part of Asia.-Branches:Scholars traditionally divide Slavic...
, a numbering system was adopted, but beginning with Monday
Monday
Monday is the day of the week between Sunday and Tuesday. According to international standard ISO 8601 it is the first day of the work week. According to the Islamic and Hebrew calendars, Sunday is the first day of the week...
. There was an even older tradition of names in Ancient Indian Astrology which could arguably be the origin of all these naming systems. All of these systems have been adopted in many languages, with some exceptions resulting from a number of religious and secular considerations.
History
Between the 1st and 3rd centuries the Roman EmpireRoman Empire
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
gradually replaced the eight day Roman nundinal cycle with the seven-day week. The astrological order of the days was explained by Vettius Valens
Vettius Valens
Vettius Valens was a 2nd-century Hellenistic astrologer, a somewhat younger contemporary of Claudius Ptolemy.Valens' major work is the Anthology, ten volumes in Greek written roughly within the period 150 to 175. The Anthology is the longest and most detailed treatise on astrology which has...
and Dio Cassius
Dio Cassius
Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus , known in English as Cassius Dio, Dio Cassius, or Dio was a Roman consul and a noted historian writing in Greek...
(and Chaucer gave the same explanation in his Treatise on the Astrolabe
Treatise on the Astrolabe
A Treatise on the Astrolabe is a medieval essay on the astrolabe by Geoffrey Chaucer. It begins:or, in a more modern English spelling,According to the introduction, the work was to have five parts:#A description of the astrolabe...
). According to these authors, it was a principle of astrology that the heavenly bodies presided, in succession, over the hours of the day. The Ptolemaic system asserts that the order of the heavenly bodies, from the farthest to the closest to the Earth, is: Saturn
Saturn
Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest planet in the Solar System, after Jupiter. Saturn is named after the Roman god Saturn, equated to the Greek Cronus , the Babylonian Ninurta and the Hindu Shani. Saturn's astronomical symbol represents the Roman god's sickle.Saturn,...
, Jupiter
Jupiter
Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest planet within the Solar System. It is a gas giant with mass one-thousandth that of the Sun but is two and a half times the mass of all the other planets in our Solar System combined. Jupiter is classified as a gas giant along with Saturn,...
, Mars
Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun in the Solar System. The planet is named after the Roman god of war, Mars. It is often described as the "Red Planet", as the iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance...
, Sun
Sun
The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is almost perfectly spherical and consists of hot plasma interwoven with magnetic fields...
, Venus
Venus
Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days. The planet is named after Venus, the Roman goddess of love and beauty. After the Moon, it is the brightest natural object in the night sky, reaching an apparent magnitude of −4.6, bright enough to cast shadows...
, Mercury
Mercury (planet)
Mercury is the innermost and smallest planet in the Solar System, orbiting the Sun once every 87.969 Earth days. The orbit of Mercury has the highest eccentricity of all the Solar System planets, and it has the smallest axial tilt. It completes three rotations about its axis for every two orbits...
, Moon
Moon
The Moon is Earth's only known natural satellite,There are a number of near-Earth asteroids including 3753 Cruithne that are co-orbital with Earth: their orbits bring them close to Earth for periods of time but then alter in the long term . These are quasi-satellites and not true moons. For more...
. (This order was first established by the Greek Stoics
Stoicism
Stoicism is a school of Hellenistic philosophy founded in Athens by Zeno of Citium in the early . The Stoics taught that destructive emotions resulted from errors in judgment, and that a sage, or person of "moral and intellectual perfection," would not suffer such emotions.Stoics were concerned...
.)
In astrological theory, not only the days of the week, but the hours of the day are dominated by the seven luminaries. If the first hour of a day is dominated by Saturn (
with the Sun (
According to Vettius Valens, the first hour of the day began at sunset, which follows Greek and Babylonian convention. He also states that the light and dark halves of the day were presided over by the heavenly bodies of the first hour of each half. This is confirmed by a Pompeian graffito which calls 6 February 60 a Sunday, even though by modern reckoning it is a Wednesday. Thus this graffito used the daylight naming convention of Valens whereas the nighttime naming convention of Valens agrees with the modern astrological reckoning, which names the day after the ruler of the first daylight hour.
These two overlapping weeks continued to be used by Alexandria
Alexandria
Alexandria is the second-largest city of Egypt, with a population of 4.1 million, extending about along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the north central part of the country; it is also the largest city lying directly on the Mediterranean coast. It is Egypt's largest seaport, serving...
n Christians during the 4th century, but the days in both were simply numbered 1–7. Although names of gods were not used, the week beginning on Wednesday was named in Greek
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
ton theon ([day] of the gods), as used by the late fourth-century editor of the Easter
Easter
Easter is the central feast in the Christian liturgical year. According to the Canonical gospels, Jesus rose from the dead on the third day after his crucifixion. His resurrection is celebrated on Easter Day or Easter Sunday...
letters of Bishop Athanasius
Athanasius of Alexandria
Athanasius of Alexandria [b. ca. – d. 2 May 373] is also given the titles St. Athanasius the Great, St. Athanasius I of Alexandria, St Athanasius the Confessor and St Athanasius the Apostolic. He was the 20th bishop of Alexandria. His long episcopate lasted 45 years Athanasius of Alexandria [b....
, and in a table of Easter dates for 311–369 that survives in an Ethiopic copy. These overlapping weeks are still used in the Ethiopic computus
Computus
Computus is the calculation of the date of Easter in the Christian calendar. The name has been used for this procedure since the early Middle Ages, as it was one of the most important computations of the age....
. Each of the days of the week beginning on Sunday is called a "Day of John" whereas each of the days of the week beginning on Wednesday is called a "tentyon", a simple transcription of the Greek ton theon.
| Hour: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | Stellar Object → Day |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | |
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Saturn → Saturday |
| Day 2 | |
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Sun → Sunday |
| Day 3 | |
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Moon → Monday |
| Day 4 | |
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Mars → Tuesday |
| Day 5 | |
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Mercury → Wednesday |
| Day 6 | |
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Jupiter → Thursday |
| Day 7 | |
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Venus → Friday |
Greco-Roman tradition
The earliest attestation of a seven day week associated with heavenly luminaries are from Vettius ValensVettius Valens
Vettius Valens was a 2nd-century Hellenistic astrologer, a somewhat younger contemporary of Claudius Ptolemy.Valens' major work is the Anthology, ten volumes in Greek written roughly within the period 150 to 175. The Anthology is the longest and most detailed treatise on astrology which has...
, an astrologer writing ca
Circa
Circa , usually abbreviated c. or ca. , means "approximately" in the English language, usually referring to a date...
170 AD in his Anthologiarum. The order was Sun, Moon, Ares, Hermes, Zeus, Aphrodite, and Cronos.
From Greece the planetary week names passed to the Romans, and from Latin to other languages of southern and western Europe, and to other languages later influenced by them.
| Day: (see Irregularities) |
Sunday Sunday Sunday is the day of the week between Saturday and Monday. For most Christians, Sunday is observed as a day for worship of God and rest, due to the belief that it is Lord's Day, the day of Christ's resurrection.... Sōl (Sun) Sol (mythology) Sol was the solar deity in Ancient Roman religion. It was long thought that Rome actually had two different, consecutive sun gods. The first, Sol Indiges, was thought to have been unimportant, disappearing altogether at an early period. Only in the late Roman Empire, scholars argued, did solar cult... |
Monday Monday Monday is the day of the week between Sunday and Tuesday. According to international standard ISO 8601 it is the first day of the work week. According to the Islamic and Hebrew calendars, Sunday is the first day of the week... Luna (English: Moon) |
Tuesday Tuesday Tuesday is a day of the week occurring after Monday and before Wednesday.According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the second day of the week, although in some traditions it is the third.... Mars (Mars) Mars (mythology) Mars was the Roman god of war and also an agricultural guardian, a combination characteristic of early Rome. He was second in importance only to Jupiter, and he was the most prominent of the military gods worshipped by the Roman legions... |
Wednesday Wednesday Wednesday is a day of the week in the Gregorian calendar. According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the third day of the week. This day is between Tuesday and Thursday... Mercurius (Mercury) Mercury (mythology) Mercury was a messenger who wore winged sandals, and a god of trade, the son of Maia Maiestas and Jupiter in Roman mythology. His name is related to the Latin word merx , mercari , and merces... |
Thursday Thursday Thursday is the fourth day of the week according to the ISO 8601 international standard adopted in most western countries. In countries that use the Sunday-first convention and in the Judeo-Christian calendar it is the fifth day of the week. It falls between Wednesday and Friday... Iuppiter (Jupiter) |
Friday Friday Friday is the day between Thursday and Saturday. In countries adopting Monday-first conventions as recommended by the international standard ISO 8601, it is the fifth day of the week. It is the sixth day in countries that adopt a Sunday-first convention as in Abrahamic tradition... Venus (Venus) Venus (mythology) Venus is a Roman goddess principally associated with love, beauty, sex,sexual seduction and fertility, who played a key role in many Roman religious festivals and myths... |
Saturday Saturday Saturday is the day of the week following Friday and preceding Sunday.Saturday is the last day of the week on many calendars and in conventions that consider the week as beginning on Sunday, or the sixth day of the week according to international standard ISO 8601 which was first published in... Saturnus (Saturn) Saturn (mythology) In ancient Roman religion and myth, Saturn was a major god presiding over agriculture and the harvest time. His reign was depicted as a Golden Age of abundance and peace by many Roman authors. In medieval times he was known as the Roman god of agriculture, justice and strength. He held a sickle in... |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ancient Greek Ancient Greek Ancient Greek is the stage of the Greek language in the periods spanning the times c. 9th–6th centuries BC, , c. 5th–4th centuries BC , and the c. 3rd century BC – 6th century AD of ancient Greece and the ancient world; being predated in the 2nd millennium BC by Mycenaean Greek... |
ἡμέρα Ἡλίου heméra Helíou |
ἡμέρα Σελήνης heméra Selénes |
ἡμέρα Ἄρεως heméra Áreos |
ἡμέρα Ἕρμου heméra Hérmou |
ἡμέρα Διός heméra Diós |
ἡμέρα Ἀφροδίτης heméra Aphrodítes |
ἡμέρα Κρόνου heméra Krónou |
| Latin Latin Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and... |
dies Sōlis | dies Lūnae | dies Martis | dies Mercuriī | dies Jovis | dies Veneris | dies Saturnī |
| Italian Italian language Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia... |
domenica | lunedì | martedì | mercoledì | giovedì | venerdì | sabato |
| Portuguese Portuguese language Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095... |
domingo | segunda-feira | terça-feira | quarta-feira | quinta-feira | sexta-feira | sábado |
| Spanish Spanish language Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the... |
domingo | lunes | martes | miércoles | jueves | viernes | sábado |
| Romanian Romanian language Romanian Romanian Romanian (or Daco-Romanian; obsolete spellings Rumanian, Roumanian; self-designation: română, limba română ("the Romanian language") or românește (lit. "in Romanian") is a Romance language spoken by around 24 to 28 million people, primarily in Romania and Moldova... |
duminică | luni | marţi | miercuri | joi | vineri | sâmbătă |
| French French language French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts... |
dimanche | lundi | mardi | mercredi | jeudi | vendredi | samedi |
| Galician Galician language Galician is a language of the Western Ibero-Romance branch, spoken in Galicia, an autonomous community located in northwestern Spain, where it is co-official with Castilian Spanish, as well as in border zones of the neighbouring territories of Asturias and Castile and León.Modern Galician and... |
domingo | luns | martes | mércores | xoves | venres | sábado |
| Catalan Catalan language Catalan is a Romance language, the national and only official language of Andorra and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Catalonia, the Balearic Islands and Valencian Community, where it is known as Valencian , as well as in the city of Alghero, on the Italian island... |
diumenge | dilluns | dimarts | dimecres | dijous | divendres | dissabte |
| Friulian Friulian language Friulan , is a Romance language belonging to the Rhaeto-Romance family, spoken in the Friuli region of northeastern Italy. Friulan has around 800,000 speakers, the vast majority of whom also speak Italian... |
domenie | lunis | martars | miercus | joibe | vinars | sabide |
| Sardinian Sardinian language Sardinian is a Romance language spoken and written on most of the island of Sardinia . It is considered the most conservative of the Romance languages in terms of phonology and is noted for its Paleosardinian substratum.... |
dominiga | lunis | martis | mercuris | giobia | chenabura | sappadu |
| Interlingua Interlingua Interlingua is an international auxiliary language , developed between 1937 and 1951 by the International Auxiliary Language Association... |
Dominica | Lunedi | Martedi | Mercuridi | Jovedi | Venerdi | Sabbato |
| Ido Ido Ido is a constructed language created with the goal of becoming a universal second language for speakers of different linguistic backgrounds as a language easier to learn than ethnic languages... |
Sundio | Lundio | Mardio | Merkurdio | Jovdio | Venerdio | Saturdio Ido dicationary |
| Esperanto | dimanĉo | lundo | mardo | merkredo | ĵaŭdo | vendredo | sabato |
| Irish Irish language Irish , also known as Irish Gaelic, is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family, originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish people. Irish is now spoken as a first language by a minority of Irish people, as well as being a second language of a larger proportion of... |
An Domhnach Dé Domhnaigh |
An Luan Dé Luain |
An Mháirt Dé Máirt |
An Chéadaoin Dé Céadaoin |
An Déardaoin Déardaoin |
An Aoine Dé hAoine |
An Satharn Dé Sathairn |
| Scots Gaelic Scottish Gaelic language Scottish Gaelic is a Celtic language native to Scotland. A member of the Goidelic branch of the Celtic languages, Scottish Gaelic, like Modern Irish and Manx, developed out of Middle Irish, and thus descends ultimately from Primitive Irish.... |
Di-Dòmhnaich | Di-Luain | Di-Màirt | Di-Ciadain | Di-Ardaoin | Di-Haoine | Di-Sàthairne |
| Welsh Welsh language Welsh is a member of the Brythonic branch of the Celtic languages spoken natively in Wales, by some along the Welsh border in England, and in Y Wladfa... |
dydd Sul | dydd Llun | dydd Mawrth | dydd Mercher | dydd Iau | dydd Gwener | dydd Sadwrn |
| Cornish Cornish language Cornish is a Brythonic Celtic language and a recognised minority language of the United Kingdom. Along with Welsh and Breton, it is directly descended from the ancient British language spoken throughout much of Britain before the English language came to dominate... |
Dy Sul | Dy Lun | Dy Meurth | Dy Mergher | Dy Yow | Dy Gwener | Dy Sadorn |
| Breton Breton language Breton is a Celtic language spoken in Brittany , France. Breton is a Brythonic language, descended from the Celtic British language brought from Great Britain to Armorica by migrating Britons during the Early Middle Ages. Like the other Brythonic languages, Welsh and Cornish, it is classified as... |
Di'sul | Di'lun | Di'meurzh | Di'merc’her | Di'riaou | Di'gwener | Di'sadorn |
| Manx Manx language Manx , also known as Manx Gaelic, and as the Manks language, is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family, historically spoken by the Manx people. Only a small minority of the Island's population is fluent in the language, but a larger minority has some knowledge of it... |
Jedoonee | Jelune | Jemayrt | Jecrean | Jerdrein | Jeheiney | Jesarn |
| Albanian Albanian language Albanian is an Indo-European language spoken by approximately 7.6 million people, primarily in Albania and Kosovo but also in other areas of the Balkans in which there is an Albanian population, including western Macedonia, southern Montenegro, southern Serbia and northwestern Greece... |
E diel | E hënë | E martë | E mërkurë | E enjte | E premte | E shtunë |
| Tagalog Tagalog language Tagalog is an Austronesian language spoken as a first language by a third of the population of the Philippines and as a second language by most of the rest. It is the first language of the Philippine region IV and of Metro Manila... |
Linggo | Lunes | Martes | Miyerkules | Huwebes | Biyernes | Sabado |
Gaelic-Irish traditions
In pre-Christian Gaelic-Irish society, time was measured in "one-, three-, five-, ten-, or fifteen-day periods; the seven-day week was entirely unknown." (Dáibhí Ó CróinínDáibhí Ó Cróinín
Dáibhí Ó Cróinín is an academic Irish historian, the current Professor of History at the National University of Ireland, Galway . M.Phil., Ph.D. , and Member of the Royal Irish Academy. He is a grandson of Elizabeth Cronin , an Irish traditional singer...
, 2003, p. 7). MS. 17, dating from at least 1043, is now held at St. John's College, Oxford. It records five week-day lists, which it names as follows: secundum Hebreos ('Hebrew' days); secundum antiquos gentiles (Roman days of the week);secundum Siluestrum papam (a list derived from the apocryphal Acta Syluestri); secundum Anglos (Anglo-Saxon
Anglo-Saxon
Anglo-Saxon may refer to:* Anglo-Saxons, a group that invaded Britain** Old English, their language** Anglo-Saxon England, their history, one of various ships* White Anglo-Saxon Protestant, an ethnicity* Anglo-Saxon economy, modern macroeconomic term...
week-days); secundum Scottos (days of the week 'according to the Irish'). Each term begins with the word Diu, Classical
Classical language
A classical language is a language with a literature that is classical. According to UC Berkeley linguist George L. Hart, it should be ancient, it should be an independent tradition that arose mostly on its own, not as an offshoot of another tradition, and it must have a large and extremely rich...
Old Irish for dia, day. Diu, according to Ó Cróinín, "we have a clear reflex of the Indo-European nominative singular, with a lenghtened grade, giving arhaic Old Irish diu; it is suggested that what we have in the Oxford list and in Cormac's Glossary is the oldest form of Old Irish dia, representing the old nominative case of the noun
Noun
In linguistics, a noun is a member of a large, open lexical category whose members can occur as the main word in the subject of a clause, the object of a verb, or the object of a preposition .Lexical categories are defined in terms of how their members combine with other kinds of...
in adverbial usage." (Ó Cróinín, 2003, p. 12).
The names in the Irish list are:
- dies scrol - SundaySundaySunday is the day of the week between Saturday and Monday. For most Christians, Sunday is observed as a day for worship of God and rest, due to the belief that it is Lord's Day, the day of Christ's resurrection....
. The word scrol is glossed in Sanas CormaicSanas CormaicSanas Cormaic , also known as Cormac's Glossary, is an early Irish glossary containing etymologies and explanations of over 1,400 Irish words, many of which are difficult or outdated. The shortest and earliest version of the work is ascribed to Cormac mac Cuilennáin , king-bishop of Munster...
as Scroll .i. soillsi, unde est aput Scottos diu srol .i. dies solis/Sroll, that is brightness, when 'diu srol' among the Irish, that is SundaySundaySunday is the day of the week between Saturday and Monday. For most Christians, Sunday is observed as a day for worship of God and rest, due to the belief that it is Lord's Day, the day of Christ's resurrection....
.
- Diu luna - MondayMondayMonday is the day of the week between Sunday and Tuesday. According to international standard ISO 8601 it is the first day of the work week. According to the Islamic and Hebrew calendars, Sunday is the first day of the week...
. Ó Cróinín has Diu luna as "represent[ing] the transitioal form between LatinLatinLatin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
dies lunae and the later, ClassicalClassical languageA classical language is a language with a literature that is classical. According to UC Berkeley linguist George L. Hart, it should be ancient, it should be an independent tradition that arose mostly on its own, not as an offshoot of another tradition, and it must have a large and extremely rich...
Old Irish dia luain ... a translation of, not a calqueCalqueIn linguistics, a calque or loan translation is a word or phrase borrowed from another language by literal, word-for-word or root-for-root translation.-Calque:...
on, the Latin ... [It] would seem to reflect a pre-assimilation state in respect of both words" (2003, p. 13), again demonstrating the antiquity of the forms. It is now rendered as Dia luain, MondayMondayMonday is the day of the week between Sunday and Tuesday. According to international standard ISO 8601 it is the first day of the work week. According to the Islamic and Hebrew calendars, Sunday is the first day of the week...
.
- Diu mart - TuesdayTuesdayTuesday is a day of the week occurring after Monday and before Wednesday.According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the second day of the week, although in some traditions it is the third....
. "The Irish word perhaps derives from Latin forms where cases other than the genetive were used, e.g., Marte." (2003, p. 15)
- Diu iath - WednesdayWednesdayWednesday is a day of the week in the Gregorian calendar. According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the third day of the week. This day is between Tuesday and Thursday...
. A form unique to Irish, meaning uncertain. See following.
- Diu eathamon - ThursdayThursdayThursday is the fourth day of the week according to the ISO 8601 international standard adopted in most western countries. In countries that use the Sunday-first convention and in the Judeo-Christian calendar it is the fifth day of the week. It falls between Wednesday and Friday...
. A form unique to Irish. Ó Cróinín writes "I suggest that it means simply 'on Thursday' ... it is temporal dat. of an n-stem (nom. sg. etham, gen. sg. ethamon - as in our Oxford list - and acc./dat. sg. ethamain)." (2003, p. 17) He furthermore suggests that etham ('arable land') "may be a noun of agency from ith (gen. sg. etho), with a meaning like corn-maker or some such thing; Diu eathamon might then be a day for sowing seed in a weekly regimen of activities such as we find in Críth Gablach." (2003, p. 17). A "very old" word for Wednesday, Mercúir (borrowed from the Latin (dies) Mercurii), does occur in early LeinsterLeinsterLeinster is one of the Provinces of Ireland situated in the east of Ireland. It comprises the ancient Kingdoms of Mide, Osraige and Leinster. Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the historic fifths of Leinster and Mide gradually merged, mainly due to the impact of the Pale, which straddled...
poems but Ó Cróinín is of the belief that Diu eathamon "reflects a still older Irish word for 'Wednesday';".
- Diu triach - FridayFridayFriday is the day between Thursday and Saturday. In countries adopting Monday-first conventions as recommended by the international standard ISO 8601, it is the fifth day of the week. It is the sixth day in countries that adopt a Sunday-first convention as in Abrahamic tradition...
. A form unique to Irish, its meaning unclear.
- Diu satur - SaturdaySaturdaySaturday is the day of the week following Friday and preceding Sunday.Saturday is the last day of the week on many calendars and in conventions that consider the week as beginning on Sunday, or the sixth day of the week according to international standard ISO 8601 which was first published in...
. Error for Diu Saturn, because of omission of the n-stroke.
The form Ethomuin is found in Rawlinson B 502.
Germanic languages
The Germanic peoplesGermanic peoples
The Germanic peoples are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group of Northern European origin, identified by their use of the Indo-European Germanic languages which diversified out of Proto-Germanic during the Pre-Roman Iron Age.Originating about 1800 BCE from the Corded Ware Culture on the North...
adapted the system introduced by the Romans but glossed their indigenous gods
Germanic mythology
Germanic mythology is a comprehensive term for myths associated with historical Germanic paganism, including Norse mythology, Anglo-Saxon mythology, Continental Germanic mythology, and other versions of the mythologies of the Germanic peoples...
over the Roman deities (with the exception of Saturday) in a process known as Interpretatio germanica.
The date of the introduction of this system is not known exactly, but it must have happened later than AD 200 but before the introduction of Christianity during the 6th to 7th centuries, i.e. during the final phase or soon after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire
Western Roman Empire
The Western Roman Empire was the western half of the Roman Empire after its division by Diocletian in 285; the other half of the Roman Empire was the Eastern Roman Empire, commonly referred to today as the Byzantine Empire....
. This period is later than the Common Germanic stage, but still during the phase of undifferentiated West Germanic.
The weekday names in Scandinavian languages were not calqued from Latin directly, but taken from the West Germanic names.
- SundaySundaySunday is the day of the week between Saturday and Monday. For most Christians, Sunday is observed as a day for worship of God and rest, due to the belief that it is Lord's Day, the day of Christ's resurrection....
: Old English Sunnandæg , meaning "sun's day". This is a translation of the Latin phrase dies Solis. English, like most of the Germanic languagesGermanic languagesThe Germanic languages constitute a sub-branch of the Indo-European language family. The common ancestor of all of the languages in this branch is called Proto-Germanic , which was spoken in approximately the mid-1st millennium BC in Iron Age northern Europe...
, preserves the original pagan/sun associations of the day. Many other European languages, including all of the Romance languagesRomance languagesThe Romance languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family, more precisely of the Italic languages subfamily, comprising all the languages that descend from Vulgar Latin, the language of ancient Rome...
, have changed its name to the equivalent of "the Lord's day" (based on Ecclesiastical Latin dies Dominica). Compare: Spanish and Portuguese domingo, French dimanche, Romanian duminică, Italian domenica and Irish domhnach. In both West Germanic and North Germanic mythology the sun is personified as a goddess, Sunna/Sól. - MondayMondayMonday is the day of the week between Sunday and Tuesday. According to international standard ISO 8601 it is the first day of the work week. According to the Islamic and Hebrew calendars, Sunday is the first day of the week...
: Old English Mōnandæg , meaning "moon's day". This is likely based on a translation of the Latin name dies lunae (cf. Romance language versions of the name, e.g., French lundi, Spanish lunes, Romanian luni, Italian lunedì, Irish luan). In North Germanic mythology, the moon is personified as a god, MániManiMani is a name or word occurring in several etymologically unrelated languages and cultures, including:* Maní - a legend of the indigenous tribe Tupi in Brazil.* Mani , the founder of Manichaeism....
. - TuesdayTuesdayTuesday is a day of the week occurring after Monday and before Wednesday.According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the second day of the week, although in some traditions it is the third....
: Old English Tīwesdæg was a one-handed god associated with single combat and pledges in Norse mythologyNorse mythologyNorse mythology, a subset of Germanic mythology, is the overall term for the myths, legends and beliefs about supernatural beings of Norse pagans. It flourished prior to the Christianization of Scandinavia, during the Early Middle Ages, and passed into Nordic folklore, with some aspects surviving...
and also attested prominently in wider Germanic paganismGermanic paganismGermanic paganism refers to the theology and religious practices of the Germanic peoples of north-western Europe from the Iron Age until their Christianization during the Medieval period...
. The name of the day is based on Latin dies Martis, "Day of MarsMars (mythology)Mars was the Roman god of war and also an agricultural guardian, a combination characteristic of early Rome. He was second in importance only to Jupiter, and he was the most prominent of the military gods worshipped by the Roman legions...
" (the Roman war god); compare: French mardi, Spanish martes, Romanian marţi, Italian martedì and Irish mairt. - WednesdayWednesdayWednesday is a day of the week in the Gregorian calendar. According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the third day of the week. This day is between Tuesday and Thursday...
: Old English Wōdnesdæg meaning the day of the Germanic god Wodan (later known as ÓðinnOdinOdin is a major god in Norse mythology and the ruler of Asgard. Homologous with the Anglo-Saxon "Wōden" and the Old High German "Wotan", the name is descended from Proto-Germanic "*Wodanaz" or "*Wōđanaz"....
among the North Germanic peoples), and a prominent god of the Anglo-Saxons (and other Germanic peoples) in England until about the seventh century. It is based on Latin dies Mercurii, "Day of MercuryMercury (mythology)Mercury was a messenger who wore winged sandals, and a god of trade, the son of Maia Maiestas and Jupiter in Roman mythology. His name is related to the Latin word merx , mercari , and merces...
"; compare: French mercredi, Spanish miércoles, Romanian miercuri and Italian mercoledì. The connection between Mercury and Odin is more strained than the other syncreticSyncretismSyncretism is the combining of different beliefs, often while melding practices of various schools of thought. The term means "combining", but see below for the origin of the word...
connections. The usual explanation is that both Wodan and Mercury were considered psychopompPsychopompPsychopomps are creatures, spirits, angels, or deities in many religions whose responsibility is to escort newly deceased souls to the afterlife. Their role is not to judge the deceased, but simply provide safe passage...
s, or leaders of souls, in their respective mythologies; both are also associated with poetic and musical inspiration. The Icelandic Miðviku, German Mittwoch and Finnish keskiviikko all mean 'mid-week'. - ThursdayThursdayThursday is the fourth day of the week according to the ISO 8601 international standard adopted in most western countries. In countries that use the Sunday-first convention and in the Judeo-Christian calendar it is the fifth day of the week. It falls between Wednesday and Friday...
: Old English Þūnresdæg , meaning the Þunor's day. Þunor is commonly known in Modern English as ThorThorIn Norse mythology, Thor is a hammer-wielding god associated with thunder, lightning, storms, oak trees, strength, the protection of mankind, and also hallowing, healing, and fertility...
, the god of thunderThunderThunder is the sound made by lightning. Depending on the nature of the lightning and distance of the listener, thunder can range from a sharp, loud crack to a long, low rumble . The sudden increase in pressure and temperature from lightning produces rapid expansion of the air surrounding and within...
in Germanic Paganism. Old High German's name for Þunor, Donar, leads to Donnerstag. (The modern German word for "thunder" is still Donner.) The day is based on the Latin dies Iovis, "day of Jupiter"; compare: French jeudi, Spanish jueves, Romanian joi and Italian giovedì. In the Roman pantheon, JupiterJupiter (mythology)In ancient Roman religion and myth, Jupiter or Jove is the king of the gods, and the god of the sky and thunder. He is the equivalent of Zeus in the Greek pantheon....
was the chief god, who seized and maintained his power on the basis of his thunderbolt (Fulmen). - FridayFridayFriday is the day between Thursday and Saturday. In countries adopting Monday-first conventions as recommended by the international standard ISO 8601, it is the fifth day of the week. It is the sixth day in countries that adopt a Sunday-first convention as in Abrahamic tradition...
: Old English Frīgedæg , meaning the day of the Anglo-Saxon goddess FrígeFrige*Frijjō is the reconstructed name or epithet of a hypothesized Common Germanic love goddess giving rise to both Frigg and Freyja....
. The Norse name for the planet Venus was Friggjarstjarna, 'FriggFriggFrigg is a major goddess in Norse paganism, a subset of Germanic paganism. She is said to be the wife of Odin, and is the "foremost among the goddesses" and the queen of Asgard. Frigg appears primarily in Norse mythological stories as a wife and a mother. She is also described as having the power...
's star'. It is based on the Latin dies Veneris, "Day of VenusVenus (mythology)Venus is a Roman goddess principally associated with love, beauty, sex,sexual seduction and fertility, who played a key role in many Roman religious festivals and myths...
"; compare: French vendredi, Spanish viernes, Romanian vineri and Italian venerdì. Venus was the Roman goddess of beauty, love and sex. - SaturdaySaturdaySaturday is the day of the week following Friday and preceding Sunday.Saturday is the last day of the week on many calendars and in conventions that consider the week as beginning on Sunday, or the sixth day of the week according to international standard ISO 8601 which was first published in...
: the only day of the week to retain its Roman origin in English, named after the Roman god SaturnSaturn (mythology)In ancient Roman religion and myth, Saturn was a major god presiding over agriculture and the harvest time. His reign was depicted as a Golden Age of abundance and peace by many Roman authors. In medieval times he was known as the Roman god of agriculture, justice and strength. He held a sickle in...
associated with the Titan CronusCronusIn Greek mythology, Cronus or Kronos was the leader and the youngest of the first generation of Titans, divine descendants of Gaia, the earth, and Uranus, the sky...
, father of Zeus and many Olympians. Its original Anglo-Saxon rendering was Sæturnesdæg . In Latin it was dies Saturni, "Day of Saturn"; compare French samedi. The Spanish and Portuguese sábado, the Romanian sâmbătă, and the Italian sabato come from Sabbata dies (Day of the Sabbath). The Scandinavian Lørdag/Lördag deviates significantly as it has no reference to the old norse gods, the latin gods nor the roman gods. It derives from old norse laugardagr, which literary translates to washing-day.
| Day: (see Irregularities) |
Sunday Sunday Sunday is the day of the week between Saturday and Monday. For most Christians, Sunday is observed as a day for worship of God and rest, due to the belief that it is Lord's Day, the day of Christ's resurrection.... Sunna/Sól |
Monday Monday Monday is the day of the week between Sunday and Tuesday. According to international standard ISO 8601 it is the first day of the work week. According to the Islamic and Hebrew calendars, Sunday is the first day of the week... Mona/Máni Mani Mani is a name or word occurring in several etymologically unrelated languages and cultures, including:* Maní - a legend of the indigenous tribe Tupi in Brazil.* Mani , the founder of Manichaeism.... |
Tuesday Tuesday Tuesday is a day of the week occurring after Monday and before Wednesday.According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the second day of the week, although in some traditions it is the third.... Tiw/Tyr |
Wednesday Wednesday Wednesday is a day of the week in the Gregorian calendar. According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the third day of the week. This day is between Tuesday and Thursday... Woden Woden Woden or Wodan is a major deity of Anglo-Saxon and Continental Germanic polytheism. Together with his Norse counterpart Odin, Woden represents a development of the Proto-Germanic god *Wōdanaz.... /Odin Odin Odin is a major god in Norse mythology and the ruler of Asgard. Homologous with the Anglo-Saxon "Wōden" and the Old High German "Wotan", the name is descended from Proto-Germanic "*Wodanaz" or "*Wōđanaz".... |
Thursday Thursday Thursday is the fourth day of the week according to the ISO 8601 international standard adopted in most western countries. In countries that use the Sunday-first convention and in the Judeo-Christian calendar it is the fifth day of the week. It falls between Wednesday and Friday... Thunor/Thor Thor In Norse mythology, Thor is a hammer-wielding god associated with thunder, lightning, storms, oak trees, strength, the protection of mankind, and also hallowing, healing, and fertility... |
Friday Friday Friday is the day between Thursday and Saturday. In countries adopting Monday-first conventions as recommended by the international standard ISO 8601, it is the fifth day of the week. It is the sixth day in countries that adopt a Sunday-first convention as in Abrahamic tradition... Frige Frige *Frijjō is the reconstructed name or epithet of a hypothesized Common Germanic love goddess giving rise to both Frigg and Freyja.... or Freya Freya In Norse mythology, Freyja is a goddess associated with love, beauty, fertility, gold, seiðr, war, and death. Freyja is the owner of the necklace Brísingamen, rides a chariot driven by two cats, owns the boar Hildisvíni, possesses a cloak of falcon feathers, and, by her husband Óðr, is the mother... |
Saturday Saturday Saturday is the day of the week following Friday and preceding Sunday.Saturday is the last day of the week on many calendars and in conventions that consider the week as beginning on Sunday, or the sixth day of the week according to international standard ISO 8601 which was first published in... Saturn Saturn (mythology) In ancient Roman religion and myth, Saturn was a major god presiding over agriculture and the harvest time. His reign was depicted as a Golden Age of abundance and peace by many Roman authors. In medieval times he was known as the Roman god of agriculture, justice and strength. He held a sickle in... |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Old English Old English language Old English or Anglo-Saxon is an early form of the English language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons and their descendants in parts of what are now England and southeastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century... |
Sunnandæg | Mōnandæg | Tīwesdæg | Wōdnesdæg | Þunresdæg | Frīgedæg | Sæternesdæg |
| Old High German Old High German The term Old High German refers to the earliest stage of the German language and it conventionally covers the period from around 500 to 1050. Coherent written texts do not appear until the second half of the 8th century, and some treat the period before 750 as 'prehistoric' and date the start of... |
Sunnûntag | Mânetag | Zîestag | Wôdanstag (Wuotanstag) | Donarestag | Frîjatag | Sunnûnâband or Sambaztag |
| German German language German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union.... |
Sonntag | Montag | Dienstag or Ziestag (Swiss German) | Mittwoch | Donnerstag | Freitag | Sonnabend or Samstag |
| Dutch Dutch language Dutch is a West Germanic language and the native language of the majority of the population of the Netherlands, Belgium, and Suriname, the three member states of the Dutch Language Union. Most speakers live in the European Union, where it is a first language for about 23 million and a second... |
zondag | maandag | dinsdag | woensdag | donderdag | vrijdag | zaterdag |
| Afrikaans Afrikaans Afrikaans is a West Germanic language, spoken natively in South Africa and Namibia. It is a daughter language of Dutch, originating in its 17th century dialects, collectively referred to as Cape Dutch .Afrikaans is a daughter language of Dutch; see , , , , , .Afrikaans was historically called Cape... |
Sondag | Maandag | Dinsdag | Woensdag | Donderdag | Vrydag | Saterdag |
| West Frisian West Frisian language West Frisian is a language spoken mostly in the province of Friesland in the north of the Netherlands. West Frisian is the name by which this language is usually known outside the Netherlands, to distinguish it from the closely related Frisian languages of Saterland Frisian and North Frisian,... |
Snein | Moandei | Tiisdei | Woansdei | Tongersdei | Freed | Sneon or Saterdei |
| Old Norse | sunnudagr | mánadagr | tysdagr | óðinsdagr | þórsdagr | frjádagr | laugardagr or sunnunótt |
| Faroese Faroese language Faroese , is an Insular Nordic language spoken by 48,000 people in the Faroe Islands and about 25,000 Faroese people in Denmark and elsewhere... |
sunnudagur | mánadagur | týsdagur | mikudagur | hósdagur or tórsdagur | fríggjadagur | leygardagur |
| Icelandic Icelandic language Icelandic is a North Germanic language, the main language of Iceland. Its closest relative is Faroese.Icelandic is an Indo-European language belonging to the North Germanic or Nordic branch of the Germanic languages. Historically, it was the westernmost of the Indo-European languages prior to the... |
sunnudagur | mánudagur | þriðjudagur | miðvikudagur | fimmtudagur | föstudagur | laugardagur |
| Norwegian Norwegian language Norwegian is a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Norway, where it is the official language. Together with Swedish and Danish, Norwegian forms a continuum of more or less mutually intelligible local and regional variants .These Scandinavian languages together with the Faroese language... , Bokmål Bokmål Bokmål is one of two official Norwegian written standard languages, the other being Nynorsk. Bokmål is used by 85–90% of the population in Norway, and is the standard most commonly taught to foreign students of the Norwegian language.... |
søndag | mandag | tirsdag | onsdag | torsdag | fredag | lørdag |
| Norwegian Norwegian language Norwegian is a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Norway, where it is the official language. Together with Swedish and Danish, Norwegian forms a continuum of more or less mutually intelligible local and regional variants .These Scandinavian languages together with the Faroese language... , Nynorsk Nynorsk Nynorsk or New Norwegian is one of two official written standards for the Norwegian language, the other being Bokmål. The standard language was created by Ivar Aasen during the mid-19th century, to provide a Norwegian alternative to the Danish language which was commonly written in Norway at the... |
sundag | måndag | tysdag | onsdag | torsdag | fredag | laurdag |
| Danish Danish language Danish is a North Germanic language spoken by around six million people, principally in the country of Denmark. It is also spoken by 50,000 Germans of Danish ethnicity in the northern parts of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, where it holds the status of minority language... |
søndag | mandag | tirsdag | onsdag | torsdag | fredag | lørdag |
| Swedish Swedish language Swedish is a North Germanic language, spoken by approximately 10 million people, predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along its coast and on the Åland islands. It is largely mutually intelligible with Norwegian and Danish... |
söndag | måndag | tisdag | onsdag | torsdag | fredag | lördag |
| Finnish Finnish language Finnish is the language spoken by the majority of the population in Finland Primarily for use by restaurant menus and by ethnic Finns outside Finland. It is one of the two official languages of Finland and an official minority language in Sweden. In Sweden, both standard Finnish and Meänkieli, a... |
sunnuntai | maanantai | tiistai | keskiviikko | torstai | perjantai | lauantai |
| Estonian Estonian language Estonian is the official language of Estonia, spoken by about 1.1 million people in Estonia and tens of thousands in various émigré communities... |
pühapäev | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | reede | laupäev |
Indian astrology
The Greco-Roman scheme of planetary names was also adopted into Indian astrology during the 2nd century AD. SanskritSanskrit
Sanskrit , is a historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.Buddhism: besides Pali, see Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Today, it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand...
attestations of the navagraha
Navagraha
Graha is a 'cosmic influencer' on the living beings of mother Bhumidevi . In Hindu astrology, the Navagraha are some of these major influencers.All the navagraha have relative movement with respect to the background of fixed stars in the zodiac...
"nine astrological forces", seven of which are used for day names, date to the Yavanajataka
Yavanajataka
The Yavanajātaka of Sphujidhvaja is an ancient text in Indian astrology....
"Sayings of the Greeks", a 150 AD translation of a 120 AD Greek Alexandrian text.
This was probably the oldest and the most original tradition which traveled through ambassadors to the Near East
Near East
The Near East is a geographical term that covers different countries for geographers, archeologists, and historians, on the one hand, and for political scientists, economists, and journalists, on the other...
and beyond into Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
. This forms the basis of week day names in most Indian languages and the languages of South Asia
South Asia
South Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan countries and, for some authorities , also includes the adjoining countries to the west and the east...
and South East Asia.
Though the explanation on the sequence of the name is only available in ancient texts in India. Which goes as below,
The division of days among the planets was done based on the speed of each planet as perceived from earth.
Sun and Moon being the nearest and most important planets were allotted first two days and then the planet next in sequence to the original position of the planet was given the next day.. The sequence based on speed is Moon, Mercury, Venus, Sun, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn.
So after Sunday and Monday, the next to Sun was Mars hence the day was 'Mangalwar', next to moon was Mercury and hence 'Budhawar' next Mars was Jupiter and hence Guruwar , next to Mercury was Venus and hence ‘Shukrawar’ , next to Jupiter was Saturn and hence ‘Shaniwar’ and thus the seven names in this particular sequence.
| Day | Sunday Sunday Sunday is the day of the week between Saturday and Monday. For most Christians, Sunday is observed as a day for worship of God and rest, due to the belief that it is Lord's Day, the day of Christ's resurrection.... Surya Surya Surya Suraya or Phra Athit is the chief solar deity in Hinduism, one of the Adityas, son of Kasyapa and one of his wives, Aditi; of Indra; or of Dyaus Pitar . The term Surya also refers to the Sun, in general. Surya has hair and arms of gold... (the Sun) |
Monday Monday Monday is the day of the week between Sunday and Tuesday. According to international standard ISO 8601 it is the first day of the work week. According to the Islamic and Hebrew calendars, Sunday is the first day of the week... Soma (the Moon) |
Tuesday Tuesday Tuesday is a day of the week occurring after Monday and before Wednesday.According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the second day of the week, although in some traditions it is the third.... Mangala Mangala In Jyotish astrology, Mangala is the name for Mars, the red planet. Mars is also called Angaraka In Jyotish astrology, Mangala (Devanagari: मंगल) is the name for Mars, the red planet. Mars is also called Angaraka In Jyotish astrology, Mangala (Devanagari: मंगल) is the name for Mars, the red... (Mars) |
Wednesday Wednesday Wednesday is a day of the week in the Gregorian calendar. According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the third day of the week. This day is between Tuesday and Thursday... Budha Budha In Hindu mythology, Budha is the name for the planet Mercury, a son of Chandra with Tara or Rohini. He is also the god of merchandise and protector of Merchants.... (Mercury) |
Thursday Thursday Thursday is the fourth day of the week according to the ISO 8601 international standard adopted in most western countries. In countries that use the Sunday-first convention and in the Judeo-Christian calendar it is the fifth day of the week. It falls between Wednesday and Friday... Guru (Jupiter) |
Friday Friday Friday is the day between Thursday and Saturday. In countries adopting Monday-first conventions as recommended by the international standard ISO 8601, it is the fifth day of the week. It is the sixth day in countries that adopt a Sunday-first convention as in Abrahamic tradition... Shukra Shukra Shukra , the Sanskrit for "clear, pure" or "brightness, clearness", is the name of the son of Bhrigu, and preceptor of the Daityas, and the guru of the Asuras, identified with the planet Venus, one of the Navagrahas... (Venus) |
Saturday Saturday Saturday is the day of the week following Friday and preceding Sunday.Saturday is the last day of the week on many calendars and in conventions that consider the week as beginning on Sunday, or the sixth day of the week according to international standard ISO 8601 which was first published in... Shani Shani Sanskrit Śhani शनि, Kannada Śhani ಶನಿ ದೇವರು,Shani/Sani , is one of the Navagraha or Jyotiṣa . Shani is embodied in the planet Saturn and is the Lord of Saturday.... (Saturn) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sanskrit | भानुवासरम् Bhaanu Vāsaram |
इन्दुवासरम् Indu Vāsaram |
भौमवासरम् Bhauma Vāsaram |
सौम्यवासरम् Saumya Vāsaram |
गुरूवासरम Bruhaspathi/Guru Vāsaram |
भृगुवासरम् Bhrgu Vāsaram |
स्थिरवासरम् Sthira Vāsaram |
| Hindi | रविवार Ravivār |
सोमवार Somavār |
मंगलवार Mangalavār |
बुधवार Budhavār |
गुरूवार Guruvār |
शुक्रवार Shukravār |
शनिवार Shanivār |
| Sinhala | ඉරිදා Iridaa |
සදුදා Sandudaa |
අඟහරැවදා Anngaharuwadaa |
බදාදා Badaadaa |
බූරහස්පතින්දා Brahaspathindaa |
සිකුරාදා Sikuradaa |
සෙනසුරාදා Senasuraadaa |
| Marathi Marathi language Marathi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Marathi people of western and central India. It is the official language of the state of Maharashtra. There are over 68 million fluent speakers worldwide. Marathi has the fourth largest number of native speakers in India and is the fifteenth most... |
रविवार Ravivār |
सोमवार Somavār |
मंगळवार MangaLavār |
बुधवार Budhavār |
गुरूवार Guruvār |
शुक्रवार Shukravār |
शनिवार Shanivār |
| Bengali Bengali language Bengali or Bangla is an eastern Indo-Aryan language. It is native to the region of eastern South Asia known as Bengal, which comprises present day Bangladesh, the Indian state of West Bengal, and parts of the Indian states of Tripura and Assam. It is written with the Bengali script... |
রবিবার Robibar |
সোমবার Shombar |
মঙ্গলবার Monggolbar |
বুধবার Budhbar |
বৃহস্পতিবার Brihôshpotibar |
শুক্রবার Shukrobar |
শনিবার Shonibar |
| Urdu Urdu Urdu is a register of the Hindustani language that is identified with Muslims in South Asia. It belongs to the Indo-European family. Urdu is the national language and lingua franca of Pakistan. It is also widely spoken in some regions of India, where it is one of the 22 scheduled languages and an... |
Itwaar اتوار | Peer پیر or Somwar سوموار | Mangal منگل | Budh بدھ | Jumaa-raat جمعراتRaat = Eve | Jumaah جمعہ | Saneechar سنیچرor ہفتہ Haftah |
| Burmese Burmese language The Burmese language is the official language of Burma. Although the constitution officially recognizes it as the Myanmar language, most English speakers continue to refer to the language as Burmese. Burmese is the native language of the Bamar and related sub-ethnic groups of the Bamar, as well as... |
tənɪ́ɴ ɡənwè (Tananganve) |
tənɪ́ɴ là (Tanangla) |
ɪ̀ɴ ɡà (Angga) |
bouʔ dəhú (Buddhahu) (afternoon=new day) Rahu |
tɕà ðà bədé (Krasapate) |
θauʔ tɕà (Saukra) |
sənè (Cane) |
| Mon Mon language The Mon language is an Austroasiatic language spoken by the Mon, who live in Burma and Thailand. Mon, like the related language Cambodian—but unlike most languages in Mainland Southeast Asia—is not tonal. Mon is spoken by more than a million people today. In recent years, usage of Mon has... |
ŋoa ətɜ̀t from Sans. āditya |
[ŋoa cɔn] from Sans. candra |
[ŋoa əŋɛ̀a] from Sans. aṅgāra |
[oa pùt-həwɛ̀a] from Sans. budhavāra |
[ŋoa pɹɛ̀apətɔeʔ] from Sans. bṛhaspati |
[ŋoa sak] from Sans. śukra |
[ŋoa hɔeʔ sɔ] from Sans. śani |
| Khmer Khmer language Khmer , or Cambodian, is the language of the Khmer people and the official language of Cambodia. It is the second most widely spoken Austroasiatic language , with speakers in the tens of millions. Khmer has been considerably influenced by Sanskrit and Pali, especially in the royal and religious... |
ថ្ងៃអាទិត្យ tŋaj ʔaatɨt |
ថ្ងៃចន្ទ [tŋaj can] |
ថ្ងៃអង្គារ [tŋaj ʔɑŋkie] |
ថ្ងៃពុធ [tŋaj put] |
ថ្ងៃព្រហស្បត្ណិ [tŋaj prɔhoah] |
ថ្ងៃសុក្រ [tŋaj sok] |
ថ្ងៃសៅរ៍ [tŋaj sav] |
| Gujarati Gujarati language Gujarati is an Indo-Aryan language, and part of the greater Indo-European language family. It is derived from a language called Old Gujarati which is the ancestor language of the modern Gujarati and Rajasthani languages... |
રવિવાર Ravivār |
સોમવાર Somvār |
મંગળવાર Mangaḷvār |
બુધવાર Budhvār |
ગુરૂવાર Guruvār |
શુક્રવાર Shukravār |
શનિવાર Shanivār |
| Maldivian Dhivehi language Maldivian is an Indo-Aryan language predominantly spoken by about 350,000 people in the Maldives where it is the national language. It is also the first language of nearly 10,000 people in the island of Minicoy in the Union territory of Lakshadweep, India where the Mahl dialect of the Maldivian... |
އާދީއްތަ Aadheettha |
ހޯމަ Homa |
އަންގާރަ Angaara |
ބުދަ Budha |
ބުރާސްފަތި Buraasfathi |
ހުކުރު Hukuru |
ހޮނިހިރު Honihiru |
| Tamil Tamil language Tamil is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamil people of the Indian subcontinent. It has official status in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and in the Indian union territory of Pondicherry. Tamil is also an official language of Sri Lanka and Singapore... |
ஞாயிற்று கிழமை Nyāyitru kizhamai |
திங்கட் கிழமை Thingat kizhamai |
செவ்வாய்க் கிழமை Sevvāi kizhamai |
புதன்க் கிழமை Budhan kizhamai |
வியாழக் கிழமை Vyāzha kizhamai |
வெள்ளிக் கிழமை Velli kizhamai |
சனிக் கிழமை Shani kizhamai |
| Telugu Telugu language Telugu is a Central Dravidian language primarily spoken in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India, where it is an official language. It is also spoken in the neighbouring states of Chattisgarh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Orissa and Tamil Nadu... |
ఆదివారం Aadi Vāram |
సోమవారం Soma Vāram |
మంగళవారం Mangala Vāram |
బుధవారం Budha Vāram |
గురువారం Bestha/Guru/Lakshmi Vāram |
శుక్రవారం Shukra Vāram |
శనివారం Shani Vāram |
| Malayalam Malayalam language Malayalam , is one of the four major Dravidian languages of southern India. It is one of the 22 scheduled languages of India with official language status in the state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Pondicherry. It is spoken by 35.9 million people... |
ഞായര് Njyāyar |
തിങ്കള് Thingal |
ചൊവ്വ Chouvva |
ബുധന് Budhan |
വ്യാഴം Vzyāzham |
വെള്ളി Velli |
ശനി Sheni |
| Kannada Kannada language Kannada or , is a language spoken in India predominantly in the state of Karnataka. Kannada, whose native speakers are called Kannadigas and number roughly 50 million, is one of the 30 most spoken languages in the world... |
ಭಾನುವಾರ Bhanu Vaara |
ಸೋಮವಾರ Soma Vaara |
ಮಂಗಳವಾರ Mangala Vaara |
ಬುಧವಾರ Budha Vaara |
ಗುರುವಾರ Guru Vaara |
ಶುಕ್ರವಾರ Shukra Vaara |
ಶನಿವಾರ Shani Vaara |
| Lao Lao language Lao or Laotian is a tonal language of the Tai–Kadai language family. It is the official language of Laos, and also spoken in the northeast of Thailand, where it is usually referred to as the Isan language. Being the primary language of the Lao people, Lao is also an important second language for... |
ວັນອາທິດ wán ʔàːtʰīt |
ວັນຈັນ [wán càn] |
ວັນອັງຄານ [wán ʔàŋkʰáːn] |
ວັນພຸດ [wán pʰūt] |
ວັນພະຫັດ [wán pʰāhát] |
ວັນສຸກ [wán súk] |
ວັນເສົາ [wán sǎu] |
| Shan Shan language The Shan language is the native language of Shan people and spoken mostly in Shan State, Burma. It is also used in pockets of Kachin State in Burma, in northern Thailand, and in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. Shan is a member of the Tai–Kadai language family, and... |
wan˦ ʔaː˩ tit˥ |
wan˦ tsan˩ |
wan˦ ʔaŋ˦ kan˦ |
wan˦ pʰut˥ |
wan˦ pʰat˦ |
wan˦ sʰuk˦ |
wan˦ sʰaw˩ |
| Thai Thai language Thai , also known as Central Thai and Siamese, is the national and official language of Thailand and the native language of the Thai people, Thailand's dominant ethnic group. Thai is a member of the Tai group of the Tai–Kadai language family. Historical linguists have been unable to definitively... |
วันอาทิตย์ Wan Āthit |
วันจันทร์ Wan Chan |
วันอังคาร Wan Angkhān |
วันพุธ Wan Phut |
วันพฤหัสบดี Wan Phruehatsabodi |
วันศุกร์ Wan Suk |
วันเสาร์ Wan Sao |
| Mongolian Mongolian language The Mongolian language is the official language of Mongolia and the best-known member of the Mongolic language family. The number of speakers across all its dialects may be 5.2 million, including the vast majority of the residents of Mongolia and many of the Mongolian residents of the Inner... |
адъяа adiya |
сумъяа sumiya |
ангараг angarag |
буд bud |
бархабадь barhasbadi |
сугар sugar |
санчир sanchir |
| Javanese Javanese language Javanese language is the language of the Javanese people from the central and eastern parts of the island of Java, in Indonesia. In addition, there are also some pockets of Javanese speakers in the northern coast of western Java... |
Raditya | Soma | Anggara | Buda | Respati | Sukra | Tumpek |
| Balinese Balinese language Balinese or simply Bali is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken by 3.3 million people on the Indonesian island of Bali, as well as northern Nusa Penida, western Lombok and eastern Java... |
Redite | Coma | Anggara | Buda | Wraspati | Sukra | Saniscara |
| Punjabi Punjabi language Punjabi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by inhabitants of the historical Punjab region . For Sikhs, the Punjabi language stands as the official language in which all ceremonies take place. In Pakistan, Punjabi is the most widely spoken language... |
ਐਤਵਾਰ etvār |
ਸੋਮਵਾਰ sōmvār |
ਮੰਗਲਵਾਰ mangalvār |
ਬੁੱਧਵਾਰ búdvār |
ਵੀਰਵਾਰ vīrvār |
ਸ਼ੁੱਕਰਵਾਰ shukkarvār |
ਸ਼ਨਿੱਚਰਵਾਰ shaniccharvār |
East Asian Seven Luminaries
The East Asian naming system of weekdays closely parallels that of the Latin system and is ordered after the "Seven Luminaries" (七曜), which consists of the Sun, Moon and the five planets visible to the naked eye. The five planets are named after the five elements in traditional East Asian philosophy: Fire (Mars), Water (Mercury), Wood (Jupiter), Metal (Venus), and Earth (Saturn). The earliest known reference in East Asia to the seven-day week in its current order and name is the writings attributed to the ChineseChina
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
astrologer Fan Ning, who lived in the late 4th century of Jin Dynasty. Later diffusions from the Manichaeans
Manichaeism
Manichaeism in Modern Persian Āyin e Māni; ) was one of the major Iranian Gnostic religions, originating in Sassanid Persia.Although most of the original writings of the founding prophet Mani have been lost, numerous translations and fragmentary texts have survived...
are documented with the writings of the Chinese Buddhist monk Yi Jing
I Ching (monk)
Yijing was a Tang Dynasty Chinese Buddhist monk, originally named Zhang Wenming . The written records of his travels contributed to the world knowledge of the ancient kingdom of Srivijaya, as well as providing information about the other kingdoms lying on the route between China and the Nālandā...
and the Ceylonese Buddhist monk Bu Kong
Amoghavajra
Amoghavajra was a prolific translator who became one of the most politically powerful Buddhist monks in Chinese history, acknowledged as one of the eight patriarchs of the doctrine in Shingon lineages.-Life:Born in Samarkand of an Indian father and Sogdian mother, he went...
of the 8th century under the Tang Dynasty
Tang Dynasty
The Tang Dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. It was founded by the Li family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire...
. The Chinese transliteration of the planetary system was soon brought to Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
by the Japanese monk Kobo Daishi; surviving diaries of the Japanese statesman Fujiwara Michinaga show the seven day system in use in Heian Period
Heian period
The is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The period is named after the capital city of Heian-kyō, or modern Kyōto. It is the period in Japanese history when Buddhism, Taoism and other Chinese influences were at their height...
Japan as early as 1007. In Japan, the seven day system was kept in use (for astrological purposes) until its promotion to a full-fledged (Western-style) calendrical basis during the Meiji
Meiji period
The , also known as the Meiji era, is a Japanese era which extended from September 1868 through July 1912. This period represents the first half of the Empire of Japan.- Meiji Restoration and the emperor :...
era. In China, with the founding of the Republic of China
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
in 1911, Monday through Saturday in China are now numbered one through six, with the reference to the Sun remaining for Sunday （星期日）.
| Sunday Sunday Sunday is the day of the week between Saturday and Monday. For most Christians, Sunday is observed as a day for worship of God and rest, due to the belief that it is Lord's Day, the day of Christ's resurrection.... |
Monday Monday Monday is the day of the week between Sunday and Tuesday. According to international standard ISO 8601 it is the first day of the work week. According to the Islamic and Hebrew calendars, Sunday is the first day of the week... |
Tuesday Tuesday Tuesday is a day of the week occurring after Monday and before Wednesday.According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the second day of the week, although in some traditions it is the third.... |
Wednesday Wednesday Wednesday is a day of the week in the Gregorian calendar. According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the third day of the week. This day is between Tuesday and Thursday... |
Thursday Thursday Thursday is the fourth day of the week according to the ISO 8601 international standard adopted in most western countries. In countries that use the Sunday-first convention and in the Judeo-Christian calendar it is the fifth day of the week. It falls between Wednesday and Friday... |
Friday Friday Friday is the day between Thursday and Saturday. In countries adopting Monday-first conventions as recommended by the international standard ISO 8601, it is the fifth day of the week. It is the sixth day in countries that adopt a Sunday-first convention as in Abrahamic tradition... |
Saturday Saturday Saturday is the day of the week following Friday and preceding Sunday.Saturday is the last day of the week on many calendars and in conventions that consider the week as beginning on Sunday, or the sixth day of the week according to international standard ISO 8601 which was first published in... |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Celestial Object | Sun (日) | Moon (月) | Mars (火) | Mercury (水) | Jupiter (木) | Venus (金) | Saturn (土) |
| Chinese Chinese language The Chinese language is a language or language family consisting of varieties which are mutually intelligible to varying degrees. Originally the indigenous languages spoken by the Han Chinese in China, it forms one of the branches of Sino-Tibetan family of languages... (now obsolete) |
Rìyàorì > 月曜日 Yuèyàorì |
火曜日 Huǒyàorì | 水曜日 Shuǐyàorì | 木曜日 Mùyàorì | 金曜日 Jīnyàorì | 土曜日 Tǔyàorì | |
| Japanese Japanese language is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities. It is a member of the Japonic language family, which has a number of proposed relationships with other languages, none of which has gained wide acceptance among historical linguists .Japanese is an... |
日曜日 Nichiyōbi | 月曜日 Getsuyōbi | 火曜日 Kayōbi | 水曜日 Suiyōbi | 木曜日 Mokuyōbi | 金曜日 Kin'yōbi | 土曜日 Doyōbi |
| Korean Korean language Korean is the official language of the country Korea, in both South and North. It is also one of the two official languages in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in People's Republic of China. There are about 78 million Korean speakers worldwide. In the 15th century, a national writing... (Hangul Hangul Hangul,Pronounced or ; Korean: 한글 Hangeul/Han'gŭl or 조선글 Chosŏn'gŭl/Joseongeul the Korean alphabet, is the native alphabet of the Korean language. It is a separate script from Hanja, the logographic Chinese characters which are also sometimes used to write Korean... ) |
일요일 Iryoil | 월요일 Woryoil | 화요일 Hwayoil | 수요일 Suyoil | 목요일 Mogyoil | 금요일 Geumyoil | 토요일 Toyoil |
| Tibetan Tibetan language The Tibetan languages are a cluster of mutually-unintelligible Tibeto-Burman languages spoken primarily by Tibetan peoples who live across a wide area of eastern Central Asia bordering the Indian subcontinent, including the Tibetan Plateau and the northern Indian subcontinent in Baltistan, Ladakh,... (བོད་ཡིག) |
གཟའ་ཉི་མ། | གཟའ་ཟླ་བ། | གཟའ་མིག་དམར། | གཟའ་ལྷག་པ། | གཟའ་ཕུར་བུ། | གཟའ་པ་སངས། | གཟའ་སྤེན་པ། |
- Pronunciations for Old Chinese names are given in Modern Standard Chinese.
Weekdays numbered from Sunday
In the Judeo-ChristianJudeo-Christian
Judeo-Christian is a term used in the United States since the 1940s to refer to standards of ethics said to be held in common by Judaism and Christianity, for example the Ten Commandments...
or Abrahamic tradition
Abrahamic religions
Abrahamic religions are the monotheistic faiths emphasizing and tracing their common origin to Abraham or recognizing a spiritual tradition identified with him...
, the first day of the week is Sunday
Sunday
Sunday is the day of the week between Saturday and Monday. For most Christians, Sunday is observed as a day for worship of God and rest, due to the belief that it is Lord's Day, the day of Christ's resurrection....
. Biblical Sabbath
Biblical Sabbath
Sabbath in the Bible is usually a weekly day of rest and time of worship. The Sabbath is first mentioned in the Genesis creation narrative. The seventh day is there set aside as a day of rest—the Sabbath. It is observed differently in Judaism and Christianity and informs a similar occasion in...
(corresponding to Saturday), when God rested from six-day Creation, made the day following Sabbath the first day of the week (corresponding to Sunday). Seventh-day Sabbaths were sanctified for celebration and rest. After the week was adopted in early Christianity, Sunday remained the first day of the week, but also gradually displaced Saturday as the day of celebration and rest, being considered the Lord's Day
Lord's Day
Lord's Day is a Christian name for Sunday, the day of communal worship. It is observed by most Christians as the weekly memorial of the resurrection of Jesus Christ, who is said in the four canonical Gospels of the New Testament to have been witnessed alive from the dead early on the first day of...
.
Saint Martin of Dumio
Martin of Braga
Saint Martin of Braga was an archbishop of Bracara Augusta in Hispania , a monastic founder, and an ecclesiastical author...
(c. 520
520
Year 520 was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Rusticus and Vitalianus...
–580
580
Year 580 was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 580 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.- Europe :* Ethelbert becomes king of Kent.* The Roman...
), archbishop of Braga
Braga
Braga , a city in the Braga Municipality in northwestern Portugal, is the capital of the Braga District, the oldest archdiocese and the third major city of the country. Braga is the oldest Portuguese city and one of the oldest Christian cities in the World...
, decided it unworthy to call days by pagan gods and decided to use ecclesiastic terminology to designate them. This was the birth of the present Portuguese numbered system. Martin also tried to replace the names of the planets, but was not successful. In the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
, Galician-Portuguese
Galician-Portuguese
Galician-Portuguese or Old Portuguese was a West Iberian Romance language spoken in the Middle Ages, in the northwest area of the Iberian Peninsula. It was first spoken in the area bounded in the north and west by the Atlantic Ocean and the Douro River in the south but it was later extended south...
retained both systems. The Roman gods' names are still used in Galician
Galician language
Galician is a language of the Western Ibero-Romance branch, spoken in Galicia, an autonomous community located in northwestern Spain, where it is co-official with Castilian Spanish, as well as in border zones of the neighbouring territories of Asturias and Castile and León.Modern Galician and...
.
In the Hebrew
Hebrew calendar
The Hebrew calendar , or Jewish calendar, is a lunisolar calendar used today predominantly for Jewish religious observances. It determines the dates for Jewish holidays and the appropriate public reading of Torah portions, yahrzeits , and daily Psalm reading, among many ceremonial uses...
and Islamic calendar
Islamic calendar
The Hijri calendar , also known as the Muslim calendar or Islamic calendar , is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days. It is used to date events in many Muslim countries , and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper day on which to celebrate Islamic...
s the days extend from sunset to sunset. Thus, Jewish Shabbat
Shabbat
Shabbat is the seventh day of the Jewish week and a day of rest in Judaism. Shabbat is observed from a few minutes before sunset on Friday evening until a few minutes after when one would expect to be able to see three stars in the sky on Saturday night. The exact times, therefore, differ from...
starts at sunset on Friday and extends into Saturday nightfall when three stars become visible. The first day of the Islamic calendar, yaum al-ahad, starts on Saturday after sunset and extends to sunset on Sunday.
Icelandic
Icelandic language
Icelandic is a North Germanic language, the main language of Iceland. Its closest relative is Faroese.Icelandic is an Indo-European language belonging to the North Germanic or Nordic branch of the Germanic languages. Historically, it was the westernmost of the Indo-European languages prior to the...
is notably divergent, maintaining only the Sun and Moon (sunnudagur and mánudagur respectively), while dispensing with the names of the explicitly heathen gods in favour of a combination of numbered days and days whose names are linked to pious or domestic routine (föstudagur, "Fasting Day" and laugardagur, "Washing Day"). The "washing day" is also used in other North Germanic languages
North Germanic languages
The North Germanic languages or Scandinavian languages, the languages of Scandinavians, make up one of the three branches of the Germanic languages, a sub-family of the Indo-European languages, along with the West Germanic languages and the extinct East Germanic languages...
, although the Pagan names generally are retained.
| Day (see Irregularities) |
Sunday First Day |
Monday Second Day |
Tuesday Third Day |
Wednesday Fourth Day |
Thursday Fifth Day |
Friday Sixth Day |
Saturday Seventh Day |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Icelandic Icelandic language Icelandic is a North Germanic language, the main language of Iceland. Its closest relative is Faroese.Icelandic is an Indo-European language belonging to the North Germanic or Nordic branch of the Germanic languages. Historically, it was the westernmost of the Indo-European languages prior to the... |
sunnudagur (Sun) | mánudagur (Moon) | þriðjudagur | miðvikudagur | fimmtudagur | föstudagur | laugardagur |
| Hebrew Hebrew language Hebrew is a Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Culturally, is it considered by Jews and other religious groups as the language of the Jewish people, though other Jewish languages had originated among diaspora Jews, and the Hebrew language is also used by non-Jewish groups, such... |
יום ראשון yom rishon Literal transl.: 1st Day |
יום שני yom sheyni Literal transl.: 2nd Day |
יום שלישי yom shlishi Literal transl.: 3rd Day |
יום רביעי yom revi'i Literal transl.: 4th Day |
יום חמישי yom khamishi Literal transl.: 5th Day |
יום שישי yom shishi Literal transl.: 6th Day |
יום שבת yom Shabbat Literal transl.: day of rest |
| Ecclesiastical Latin Ecclesiastical Latin Ecclesiastical Latin is the Latin used by the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church in all periods for ecclesiastical purposes... |
Dominica | feria secunda | feria tertia | feria quarta | feria quinta | feria sexta | sabbatum |
| Portuguese Portuguese language Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095... |
domingo | segunda-feira | terça-feira | quarta-feira | quinta-feira | sexta-feira | sábado |
| Greek Greek language Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;... |
Κυριακή Kyriakí |
Δευτέρα Dheftéra |
Τρίτη Tríti |
Τετάρτη Tetárti |
Πέμπτη Pémpti |
Παρασκευή Paraskeví |
Σάββατο Sávato |
| Armenian Armenian language The Armenian language is an Indo-European language spoken by the Armenian people. It is the official language of the Republic of Armenia as well as in the region of Nagorno-Karabakh. The language is also widely spoken by Armenian communities in the Armenian diaspora... |
Կիրակի Kiraki |
Երկուշաբթի Yerkushabti |
Երեքշաբթի Yerekshabti |
Չորեքշաբթի Chorekshabti |
Հինգշաբթի Hingshabti |
Ուրբաթ Urbat |
Շաբաթ Shabat |
| Vietnamese Vietnamese language Vietnamese is the national and official language of Vietnam. It is the mother tongue of 86% of Vietnam's population, and of about three million overseas Vietnamese. It is also spoken as a second language by many ethnic minorities of Vietnam... |
chủ nhật or chúa nhật | (ngày) thứ hai | (ngày) thứ ba | (ngày) thứ tư | (ngày) thứ năm | (ngày) thứ sáu | (ngày) thứ bảy |
| Malay Malay language Malay is a major language of the Austronesian family. It is the official language of Malaysia , Indonesia , Brunei and Singapore... |
Ahad | Isnin | Selasa | Rabu | Khamis | Jumaat | Sabtu |
| Arabic Arabic language Arabic is a name applied to the descendants of the Classical Arabic language of the 6th century AD, used most prominently in the Quran, the Islamic Holy Book... |
يوم الأحد yaum al-aḥad |
يوم الإثنين yaum al-ithnayn |
يوم الثُّلَاثاء yaum ath-thulathā’ |
يوم الأَرْبعاء yaum al-’arbi‘ā |
يوم الخَمِيس yaum al-khamīs |
يوم الجُمْعَة yaum al-jum‘ah |
يوم السَّبْت yaum as-sabt |
| Maltese Maltese language Maltese is the national language of Malta, and a co-official language of the country alongside English,while also serving as an official language of the European Union, the only Semitic language so distinguished. Maltese is descended from Siculo-Arabic... |
Il-Ħadd | It-Tnejn | It-Tlieta | L-Erbgħa | Il-Hamis | Il-Gimgħa | Is-Sibt |
| Indonesian Indonesian language Indonesian is the official language of Indonesia. Indonesian is a normative form of the Riau Islands dialect of Malay, an Austronesian language which has been used as a lingua franca in the Indonesian archipelago for centuries.... |
Minggu (Portuguese) | Senin | Selasa | Rabu | Kamis | Jumat | Sabtu |
| Javanese Javanese language Javanese language is the language of the Javanese people from the central and eastern parts of the island of Java, in Indonesia. In addition, there are also some pockets of Javanese speakers in the northern coast of western Java... |
Ngaat / Akad meaning? | Senen | Slasa | Rebo | Kemis | Jemuwah | Setu |
| Sundanese Sundanese language Sundanese is the language of about 27 million people from the western third of Java or about 15% of the Indonesian population.... |
Minggu / Minggon | Senén | Salasa | Rebo | Kemis | Jumaah | Saptu |
| Persian Persian language Persian is an Iranian language within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. It is primarily spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and countries which historically came under Persian influence... |
یکشنبه yekshanbeh 1-shanbe |
دوشنبه doshanbeh 2-shanbe |
سه شنبه seshanbeh 3-shanbe |
چهارشنبه chaharshanbeh 4-shanbe |
پنجشنبه panjshanbeh 5-shanbe |
آدینه Adineh or جمعه Jomeh |
شنبه shanbeh (Night & Day) shabAneh rooz |
| Turkish Turkish language Turkish is a language spoken as a native language by over 83 million people worldwide, making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Its speakers are located predominantly in Turkey and Northern Cyprus with smaller groups in Iraq, Greece, Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo,... |
pazar | pazartesi | salı | çarşamba | perşembe | cuma | cumartesi |
| Old Turkic | birinç kün | ikinç kün | üçünç kün | törtinç kün | beşinç kün | altınç kün | yetinç kün |
Weekdays numbered from Monday
The ISO prescribes MondayMonday
Monday is the day of the week between Sunday and Tuesday. According to international standard ISO 8601 it is the first day of the work week. According to the Islamic and Hebrew calendars, Sunday is the first day of the week...
as the first day of the week with ISO-8601
ISO 8601
ISO 8601 Data elements and interchange formats – Information interchange – Representation of dates and times is an international standard covering the exchange of date and time-related data. It was issued by the International Organization for Standardization and was first published in 1988...
for software date formats.
The Slavic
Slavic languages
The Slavic languages , a group of closely related languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup of Indo-European languages, have speakers in most of Eastern Europe, in much of the Balkans, in parts of Central Europe, and in the northern part of Asia.-Branches:Scholars traditionally divide Slavic...
, Baltic
Baltic languages
The Baltic languages are a group of related languages belonging to the Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family and spoken mainly in areas extending east and southeast of the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe...
and Uralic languages
Uralic languages
The Uralic languages constitute a language family of some three dozen languages spoken by approximately 25 million people. The healthiest Uralic languages in terms of the number of native speakers are Hungarian, Finnish, Estonian, Mari and Udmurt...
(except Finnish) adopted numbering but took Monday rather than Sunday as the "first day".
Chinese Sunday means "week day" (星期日 or 星期天). Monday is named literally "first day of the (seven-day) week cycle", Tuesday is "second day of the (seven-day) week cycle", and so on. When China adopted the Western calendar Sunday was at the beginning of the calendar week but today Monday is preferred.
A second way to refer to weekdays is using the word zhōu (周), meaning "cycle." Therefore Sunday is referred to as zhōumò (周末), meaning "cycle's end" and Monday to Saturday are termed accordingly zhōuyī (周一) "first of cycle," zhōu'èr (周二) "second of cycle," and etc.
Another Chinese numbering system, found in spoken Mandarin and in southern dialects/languages (i.e. Cantonese and Min), refers to Sunday as the "day of worship" (lǐbàirì 禮拜日 or lǐbàitiān 禮拜天) and numbers the other days "first [day after] worship" (Monday) through to "sixth [day after] worship" (Saturday). The Chinese word used for "worship" is associated with Christian and Muslim worship.
| Day (see Irregularities) |
Monday First Day |
Tuesday Second Day |
Wednesday Third Day |
Thursday Fourth Day |
Friday Fifth Day |
Saturday Sixth Day |
Sunday Seventh Day |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ISO 8601 ISO 8601 ISO 8601 Data elements and interchange formats – Information interchange – Representation of dates and times is an international standard covering the exchange of date and time-related data. It was issued by the International Organization for Standardization and was first published in 1988... # |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Russian Russian language Russian is a Slavic language used primarily in Russia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. It is an unofficial but widely spoken language in Ukraine, Moldova, Latvia, Turkmenistan and Estonia and, to a lesser extent, the other countries that were once constituent republics... |
понедельник ponedel'nik |
вторник vtornik |
среда sreda |
четверг chetverg |
пятница pyatnica |
суббота subbota |
воскресенье voskresen'je |
| Belarusian Belarusian language The Belarusian language , sometimes referred to as White Russian or White Ruthenian, is the language of the Belarusian people... |
Панядзелак panyadzelak |
Аўторак autorak |
Серада serada |
Чацьвер chats'ver |
Пятніца pyatnitsa |
Субота subota |
Нядзеля nyadzelya |
| Ukrainian Ukrainian language Ukrainian is a language of the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic languages. It is the official state language of Ukraine. Written Ukrainian uses a variant of the Cyrillic alphabet.... |
понедiлок ponedilok |
вiвторок vivtorok |
середа sereda |
четвер chetver |
п'ятниця p'yatnitsya |
субота subota |
недiля nedilya |
| Bulgarian Bulgarian language Bulgarian is an Indo-European language, a member of the Slavic linguistic group.Bulgarian, along with the closely related Macedonian language, demonstrates several linguistic characteristics that set it apart from all other Slavic languages such as the elimination of case declension, the... |
понеделник ponedelnik |
вторник vtornik |
сряда sryada |
четвъртък chetvărtăk |
петък petăk |
събота săbota |
неделя nedelya |
| Polish Polish language Polish is a language of the Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages, used throughout Poland and by Polish minorities in other countries... |
poniedziałek | wtorek | środa | czwartek | piątek | sobota | niedziela |
| Slovak Slovak language Slovak , is an Indo-European language that belongs to the West Slavic languages .Slovak is the official language of Slovakia, where it is spoken by 5 million people... |
pondelok | utorok | streda | štvrtok | piatok | sobota | nedeľa |
| Czech Czech language Czech is a West Slavic language with about 12 million native speakers; it is the majority language in the Czech Republic and spoken by Czechs worldwide. The language was known as Bohemian in English until the late 19th century... |
pondělí or pondělek | úterý or úterek | středa | čtvrtek | pátek | sobota | neděle |
| Slovene | Ponedeljek | Torek | Sreda | Četrtek | Petek | Sobota | Nedelja |
| Croatian Croatian language Croatian is the collective name for the standard language and dialects spoken by Croats, principally in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Serbian province of Vojvodina and other neighbouring countries... |
Ponedjeljak | Utorak | Srijeda | Četvrtak | Petak | Subota | Nedjelja |
| Serbian Serbian language Serbian is a form of Serbo-Croatian, a South Slavic language, spoken by Serbs in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia and neighbouring countries.... |
Понедељак Ponedeljak |
Уторак Utorak |
Среда Sreda |
Четвртак Četvrtak |
Петак Petak |
Субота Subota |
Недеља Nedelja |
| Macedonian Macedonian language Macedonian is a South Slavic language spoken as a first language by approximately 2–3 million people principally in the region of Macedonia but also in the Macedonian diaspora... |
понеделник ponedelnik |
вторник vtornik |
среда sreda |
четврток chetvrtok |
петок petok |
сабота sabota |
недела nedela |
| Lithuanian Lithuanian language Lithuanian is the official state language of Lithuania and is recognized as one of the official languages of the European Union. There are about 2.96 million native Lithuanian speakers in Lithuania and about 170,000 abroad. Lithuanian is a Baltic language, closely related to Latvian, although they... |
Pirmadienis | Antradienis | Trečiadienis | Ketvirtadienis | Penktadienis | Šeštadienis | Sekmadienis |
| Latvian Latvian language Latvian is the official state language of Latvia. It is also sometimes referred to as Lettish. There are about 1.4 million native Latvian speakers in Latvia and about 150,000 abroad. The Latvian language has a relatively large number of non-native speakers, atypical for a small language... |
Pirmdiena | Otrdiena | Trešdiena | Ceturtdiena | Piektdiena | Sestdiena | Svētdiena |
| Hungarian Hungarian language Hungarian is a Uralic language, part of the Ugric group. With some 14 million speakers, it is one of the most widely spoken non-Indo-European languages in Europe.... |
hétfő | kedd | szerda Slavic | csütörtök Slavic | péntek Slavic | szombat | vasárnap |
| Estonian Estonian language Estonian is the official language of Estonia, spoken by about 1.1 million people in Estonia and tens of thousands in various émigré communities... |
esmaspäev | teisipäev | kolmapäev or kesknädal |
neljapäev | reede | laupäev | pühapäev |
| Chinese character Chinese character Chinese characters are logograms used in the writing of Chinese and Japanese , less frequently Korean , formerly Vietnamese , or other languages... s (in Pinyin) |
星期一 xīngqīyī |
星期二 xīngqī'èr |
星期三 xīngqīsān |
星期四 xīngqīsì |
星期五 xīngqīwǔ |
星期六 xīngqīliù |
星期日 or 星期天 xīngqīrì or xīngqítiān |
| Mongolian Mongolian language The Mongolian language is the official language of Mongolia and the best-known member of the Mongolic language family. The number of speakers across all its dialects may be 5.2 million, including the vast majority of the residents of Mongolia and many of the Mongolian residents of the Inner... (numerical) |
нэг дэх өдөр neg deh odor |
хоёр дахь өдөр hoyor dahi odor |
гурав дахь өдөр gurav dahi odor |
дөрөв дэх өдөр dorov deh odor |
тав дахь өдөр tav dahi odor |
хагас сайн өдөр hagas sain odor |
бүтэн сайн өдөр buten sain odor |
| Mongolian Mongolian language The Mongolian language is the official language of Mongolia and the best-known member of the Mongolic language family. The number of speakers across all its dialects may be 5.2 million, including the vast majority of the residents of Mongolia and many of the Mongolian residents of the Inner... (Sanskrit) |
Даваа davaa |
Мягмар myagmar |
Лхагва lkhagva |
Пүрэв purev |
Баасан baasan |
Бямба byamba |
Ням nyam |
Weekdays numbered from Saturday
In Swahili the day begins at sunrise, rather than ending at sunset, and so offset by twelve hours from the Arabic and Hebrew calendar. Saturday is therefore the first day of the week, as it is the day which includes the first night of the week in Arabic. Etymologically speaking, Swahili has two fifth days of the week, although this is not widely recognized. The word for Wednesday, Jumatano, contains the number five in Swahili: tano. Tano is of Bantu origin. The word for Thursday, Alhamisi, is of Arabic origin and literally means the fifth (day). The word for Friday, Ijumaa, is also of Arabic and means (day of) gathering for the Friday noon prayers in Islam.| Day (see Irregularities) |
Saturday First Day |
Sunday Second Day |
Monday Third Day |
Tuesday Fourth Day |
Wednesday Fifth Day |
Thursday Fifth Day |
Friday Day of Congregational Prayers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Swahili Swahili language Swahili or Kiswahili is a Bantu language spoken by various ethnic groups that inhabit several large stretches of the Mozambique Channel coastline from northern Kenya to northern Mozambique, including the Comoro Islands. It is also spoken by ethnic minority groups in Somalia... |
jumamosi | jumapili | jumatatu | jumanne | jumatano | alhamisi | ijumaa |
Mixing of numbering and planetary names
In the Žejane dialect of Istro-RomanianIstro-Romanian language
Istro-Romanian is an Eastern Romance language that is still spoken today in a few villages and hamlets in the peninsula of Istria, on the northern part of the Adriatic Sea, in what is now Croatia as well as in other countries around the world where the Istro-Romanian people settled after the two...
, lur (Monday) and virer (Friday) follow the Latin convention, while utorek (Tuesday), sredu (Wednesday), and četrtok (Thursday) follow the Slavic convention.
| Day: (see Irregularities) |
Monday Monday Monday is the day of the week between Sunday and Tuesday. According to international standard ISO 8601 it is the first day of the work week. According to the Islamic and Hebrew calendars, Sunday is the first day of the week... |
Tuesday Tuesday Tuesday is a day of the week occurring after Monday and before Wednesday.According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the second day of the week, although in some traditions it is the third.... |
Wednesday Wednesday Wednesday is a day of the week in the Gregorian calendar. According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the third day of the week. This day is between Tuesday and Thursday... |
Thursday Thursday Thursday is the fourth day of the week according to the ISO 8601 international standard adopted in most western countries. In countries that use the Sunday-first convention and in the Judeo-Christian calendar it is the fifth day of the week. It falls between Wednesday and Friday... |
Friday Friday Friday is the day between Thursday and Saturday. In countries adopting Monday-first conventions as recommended by the international standard ISO 8601, it is the fifth day of the week. It is the sixth day in countries that adopt a Sunday-first convention as in Abrahamic tradition... |
Saturday Saturday Saturday is the day of the week following Friday and preceding Sunday.Saturday is the last day of the week on many calendars and in conventions that consider the week as beginning on Sunday, or the sixth day of the week according to international standard ISO 8601 which was first published in... |
Sunday Sunday Sunday is the day of the week between Saturday and Monday. For most Christians, Sunday is observed as a day for worship of God and rest, due to the belief that it is Lord's Day, the day of Christ's resurrection.... |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Istro-Romanian Istro-Romanian language Istro-Romanian is an Eastern Romance language that is still spoken today in a few villages and hamlets in the peninsula of Istria, on the northern part of the Adriatic Sea, in what is now Croatia as well as in other countries around the world where the Istro-Romanian people settled after the two... , Žejane dialect |
lur | utorek | sredu | četrtok | virer | simbota | dumireca |
There are several systems in the different Basque dialects.
| Day: | Monday Monday Monday is the day of the week between Sunday and Tuesday. According to international standard ISO 8601 it is the first day of the work week. According to the Islamic and Hebrew calendars, Sunday is the first day of the week... |
Tuesday Tuesday Tuesday is a day of the week occurring after Monday and before Wednesday.According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the second day of the week, although in some traditions it is the third.... |
Wednesday Wednesday Wednesday is a day of the week in the Gregorian calendar. According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the third day of the week. This day is between Tuesday and Thursday... |
Thursday Thursday Thursday is the fourth day of the week according to the ISO 8601 international standard adopted in most western countries. In countries that use the Sunday-first convention and in the Judeo-Christian calendar it is the fifth day of the week. It falls between Wednesday and Friday... |
Friday Friday Friday is the day between Thursday and Saturday. In countries adopting Monday-first conventions as recommended by the international standard ISO 8601, it is the fifth day of the week. It is the sixth day in countries that adopt a Sunday-first convention as in Abrahamic tradition... |
Saturday Saturday Saturday is the day of the week following Friday and preceding Sunday.Saturday is the last day of the week on many calendars and in conventions that consider the week as beginning on Sunday, or the sixth day of the week according to international standard ISO 8601 which was first published in... |
Sunday Sunday Sunday is the day of the week between Saturday and Monday. For most Christians, Sunday is observed as a day for worship of God and rest, due to the belief that it is Lord's Day, the day of Christ's resurrection.... |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard Basque, Guipuscoan Basque | astelehena ("week-first") | asteartea ("week-between") | asteazkena ("week-last") | osteguna ("Ortzi/Sky day") | ostirala (see Ortzi) | larunbata ("fourth", "meeting of friends"), neskenegun ("girls' day") | igandea |
| Biscayne Basque | astelena ("week-first"), ilen ("Moon day") | martitzena ("Mars day") | eguaztena ("day last") | eguena ("day of days", "day of light") | barikua ("day without supper"), egubakotx | zapatua (compare with Spanish sábado from Sabbath) | domeka (from Latin dominica [dies]) |
Sunday
From Latin dominicus "the Lord" (Christian Sabbath)Holy Day (Christianity
Christianity
Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings...
)
Resurrection
Resurrection
Resurrection refers to the literal coming back to life of the biologically dead. It is used both with respect to particular individuals or the belief in a General Resurrection of the dead at the end of the world. The General Resurrection is featured prominently in Jewish, Christian, and Muslim...
(Christianity
Christianity
Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings...
)
Bazaar
Bazaar
A bazaar , Cypriot Greek: pantopoula) is a permanent merchandising area, marketplace, or street of shops where goods and services are exchanged or sold. The term is sometimes also used to refer to the "network of merchants, bankers and craftsmen" who work that area...
Day
Market Day
No Work
Full good day
Monday
After No WorkAfter Bazaar
Bazaar
A bazaar , Cypriot Greek: pantopoula) is a permanent merchandising area, marketplace, or street of shops where goods and services are exchanged or sold. The term is sometimes also used to refer to the "network of merchants, bankers and craftsmen" who work that area...
Head of Week
Master (as in Pir
Pir (Sufism)
Pir or Peer is a title for a Sufi master equally used in the nath tradition. They are also referred to as a Hazrat or Shaikh, which is Arabic for Old Man. The title is often translated into English as "saint" and could be interpreted as "Elder". In Sufism a Pir's role is to guide and instruct his...
, because Muhammad
Muhammad
Muhammad |ligature]] at U+FDF4 ;Arabic pronunciation varies regionally; the first vowel ranges from ~~; the second and the last vowel: ~~~. There are dialects which have no stress. In Egypt, it is pronounced not in religious contexts...
was born on a Monday )
Tuesday
ThingThing (assembly)
A thing was the governing assembly in Germanic and introduced into some Celtic societies, made up of the free people of the community and presided by lawspeakers, meeting in a place called a thingstead...
(Assembly), of which god Tyr/Ziu was the patron.
Second day of the week (cf. Hungarian
Hungarian language
Hungarian is a Uralic language, part of the Ugric group. With some 14 million speakers, it is one of the most widely spoken non-Indo-European languages in Europe....
kettő "two")
Wednesday
Mid-week or MiddleThe First Fast
Fasting and Abstinence in the Roman Catholic Church
For Roman Catholics, fasting is the reduction of one's intake of food to one full meal a day. This may or may not be accompanied by abstinence from meat when eating....
(Christianity
Christianity
Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings...
)
Thursday
The day between two fastsFasting and Abstinence in the Roman Catholic Church
For Roman Catholics, fasting is the reduction of one's intake of food to one full meal a day. This may or may not be accompanied by abstinence from meat when eating....
(An Dé idir dhá aoin, contracted to An Déardaoin) (Christianity
Christianity
Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings...
)
Five (Arabic)
Friday
The FastFasting and Abstinence in the Roman Catholic Church
For Roman Catholics, fasting is the reduction of one's intake of food to one full meal a day. This may or may not be accompanied by abstinence from meat when eating....
(Celtic) or Fasting Day
Fasting and Abstinence in the Roman Catholic Church
For Roman Catholics, fasting is the reduction of one's intake of food to one full meal a day. This may or may not be accompanied by abstinence from meat when eating....
(Icelandic) (Christianity
Christianity
Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings...
)
Good Friday or Preparation
Paraskevi
Paraskevi is a female name. Variations include Petka, Paraskeva, Praskovia, Praskovie, Pyatnitsa, Pyetka, Paraskevoula, Paraschiva and Voula.Notable people with the name include:*Voula Patoulidou, Greek hurdler and long jumper*Paraskevi...
(Christianity
Christianity
Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings...
)
Day of Faith
Jumu'ah
Jumu'ah is a congregational prayer that Muslims hold every Friday, just after noon in lieu of dhuhr...
(Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
)
Gathering/Assembly/Meeting
Jumu'ah
Jumu'ah is a congregational prayer that Muslims hold every Friday, just after noon in lieu of dhuhr...
(Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
)
Saturday
ShabbatShabbat
Shabbat is the seventh day of the Jewish week and a day of rest in Judaism. Shabbat is observed from a few minutes before sunset on Friday evening until a few minutes after when one would expect to be able to see three stars in the sky on Saturday night. The exact times, therefore, differ from...
or seventh-day Sabbath (Judeo–Christian)
Wash or Bath day
Sun-eve (Eve of Sunday)
After the Gathering
Jumu'ah
Jumu'ah is a congregational prayer that Muslims hold every Friday, just after noon in lieu of dhuhr...
(Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
)
End of the Week (Arabic Sabt = Rest) (Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
)
Week
Half good day
holy day
See also
- Akan names of the seven-day week, known as Nawotwe
- Week Wheel for Children
- Work WeekWorkweekThe workweek and weekend are those complementary parts of the week devoted to labour and rest respectively. The legal working week , or workweek , is the part of the seven-day week devoted to labor. In most Western countries it is Monday to Friday. The weekend comprises the two traditionally...
- WeekWeekA week is a time unit equal to seven days.The English word week continues an Old English wice, ultimately from a Common Germanic , from a root "turn, move, change"...
- Seven-day weekSeven-day weekThe seven-day week is used by the majority of the world and is the international standard as specified in ISO 8601.- Origins :The origin of the seven-day week is the religious significance that was placed on the seventh day by ancient cultures, including the Babylonian civilization and the Jewish...
- Calculating the day of the weekCalculating the day of the weekThis article details various mathematical algorithms to calculate the day of the week for any particular date in the past or future.A typical application is to calculate the day of the week on which someone was born or some other special event occurred....
Books
- Neugebauer, Otto (1979). Ethiopic astronomy and computus, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, philosophisch-historische klasse, sitzungsberichte, 347 (Vienna)
Websites
- Days of the Week in Chinese, Japanese, and Vietnamese (much history of Western systems too)
- Planetary Linguistics and the Days of the Week — The Definitive Site
- Days of the week and months of the year in many different languages
- The Days of the Week
- The days of the week in various languages
- RSS feed to show weekday names in indian languages