July 1, 1911 (Saturday)

• Agadir Crisis
  Agadir Crisis
  The Agadir Crisis, also called the Second Moroccan Crisis, or the Panthersprung, was the international tension sparked by the deployment of the German gunboat Panther, to the Moroccan port of Agadir on July 1, 1911.-Background:...
  
  : At noon in Paris, Germany's Ambassador to France, the Baron von Schoen, made a surprise visit to the French Foreign Ministry and delivered to Foreign Minister Justin de Selves
  Justin de Selves
  Justin de Selves was a French politician....
  
   a diplomatic note, announcing that Germany had sent a warship, the gunboat SMS Panther
  SMS Panther
  SMS Panther was one of six gunboats of the Iltis-class of the Kaiserliche Marine and, like her sister ships, served in Germany's overseas colonies. The ship was launched on 1 April 1901 in the Kaiserliche Werft, Danzig...
  
   and troops, to occupy Agadir
  Agadir
  Agadir is a major city in southwest Morocco, capital of the Agadir province and the Sous-Massa-Draa economic region .-Etymology:...
  
  , at that time a part of the protectorate of French Morocco
  French Morocco
  French Protectorate of Morocco was a French protectorate in Morocco, established by the Treaty of Fez. French Morocco did not include the north of the country, which was a Spanish protectorate...
  
  . The pretext was protect German businesses and citizens in the small port, and the note ended "As soon as order and tranquility have returned to Morocco, the vessel entrusted with this protective mission will leave the port of Agadir." The German infringement on French territory threatened to start a new European war.
• Compulsory military service was inaugurated in Australia.
• Eduard Sachau
  Eduard Sachau
  Karl Eduard Sachau was a German orientalist.-Biography:Sachau became professor extraordinary 1869 and full professor 1872 at the University of Vienna, and in 1876, professor at the University of Berlin, where he was appointed director of the new Seminar of Oriental languages in 1887. He travelled...
  
   linquist and archaeologist completed his transcription and translation of ancient Aramaic papyri.
• Russia's Jewish Literary Society was ordered closed by Tsarist authorities in the capital city of Saint Petersburg
  Saint Petersburg
  Saint Petersburg is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea...
  
  .
• Born: Sergei Sokolov, Marshal of the Soviet Union, and Minister of Defense of USSR (1984–87), in Yevpatoria, Russian Empire (now Ukraine) (still living as of 2011)

July 2, 1911 (Sunday)

• The comic strip Krazy Kat
  Krazy Kat
  Krazy Kat is an American comic strip created by cartoonist George Herriman, published daily in newspapers between 1913 and 1944. It first appeared in the New York Evening Journal, whose owner, William Randolph Hearst, was a major booster for the strip throughout its run...
  
  , by African-American cartoonist George Herriman
  George Herriman
  George Joseph Herriman was an American cartoonist, best known for his classic comic strip Krazy Kat.-Early life:...
  
  , was spun off from The Dingbat Family, which it replaced. The strip ran until Herriman's death in 1944.
• The United States completed its break of diplomatic relations with Colombia, closing the consulate general there.
• The Interstate Commerce Commission ordered an investigation of all express train companies in the United States.
• Claims totaling $250,000 were filed against Mexico for the deaths and injuries of Americans in El Paso during fighting at Juarez.
• Born: Dorothy Horstmann, American physician who made the critical discovery that polio reaches the nervous system through the bloodstream; in Spokane
  Spokane
  Spokane is a city in the U.S. state of Washington.Spokane may also refer to:*Spokane *Spokane River*Spokane, Missouri*Spokane Valley, Washington*Spokane County, Washington*Spokane-Coeur d'Alene-Paloos War*Spokane * USS Spokane...
  
   (d. 2001); and Diego Fabbri
  Diego Fabbri
  Diego Fabbri was an Italian playwright whose plays centered on religious themes.Fabbri was born in Diego Fabbri (1911–1980) was an Italian playwright whose plays centered on religious (Catholic) themes.Fabbri was born in Diego Fabbri (1911–1980) was an Italian playwright whose plays...
  
  , Italian playwright, in Forli
  Forlì
  Forlì is a comune and city in Emilia-Romagna, Italy, and is the capital of the province of Forlì-Cesena. The city is situated along the Via Emilia, to the right of the Montone river, and is an important agricultural centre...
  
  
• Died: Felix Mottl
  Felix Mottl
  Felix Josef von Mottl was an Austrian conductor and composer. He was regarded as one of the most brilliant conductors of his day. He composed three operas, of which Agnes Bernauer was the most successful, as well as a string quartet and numerous songs and other music...
  
  , 54, director of the Royal Opera in Munich;

July 3, 1911 (Monday)

• The British strike of seamen ended, with the strikers winning most of their demands.
• Agadir Crisis
  Agadir Crisis
  The Agadir Crisis, also called the Second Moroccan Crisis, or the Panthersprung, was the international tension sparked by the deployment of the German gunboat Panther, to the Moroccan port of Agadir on July 1, 1911.-Background:...
  
  : Two days after it was dispatched to French Morocco by Germany, the gunboat SMS Panther anchored off of the coast of Agadir.
• The United States Senate
  United States Senate
  The United States Senate is the upper house of the bicameral legislature of the United States, and together with the United States House of Representatives comprises the United States Congress. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Article One of the U.S. Constitution. Each...
  
   voted 55-28 in favor of a resolution holding that the election of Senator William Lorimer
  William Lorimer (politician)
  William Lorimer was a U.S. Representative from the State of Illinois. He subsequently served in the United States Senate and was known as the "Blond Boss" in Chicago. In 1912, however, the Senate held Lorimer's election invalid due to the use of corrupt methods and practices including...
  
   of Illinois
  Illinois
  Illinois is the fifth-most populous state of the United States of America, and is often noted for being a microcosm of the entire country. With Chicago in the northeast, small industrial cities and great agricultural productivity in central and northern Illinois, and natural resources like coal,...
  
   had been invalid, effectively removing him from office.
• Turk Yurdu Cemiyet, the Association of the Turkish Homeland, was founded by Turkish supremacist
  Turanid
  Turanid race is a now obsolete term, originally intended to cover populations of Central Asia associated with the spread of the Turanian languages, that is the combination of the Uralic and Altaic families , in human genetics, physical anthropology and historically in scientific racism.The latter...
  
   Yusuf Akçura
  Yusuf Akçura
  Yusuf Akçura was a prominent Tatar activist and ideologue of Turanism in the late Ottoman Empire.-Biography:He was born in Ulyanovsk, Russia to a Tatar family and lived there until he and his mother emigrated to Turkey when he was seven...
  
  , Mehmed Emin and Ahmen Agaoglu.

July 4, 1911 (Tuesday)

• Third baseman Rafael Almeida
  Rafael Almeida
  Rafael D. Almeida was a Major League Baseball third baseman from 1911 to 1913 with the Cincinnati Reds.Almeida and Armando Marsans debuted together with the Reds on July 4, 1911...
  
   and outfielder Armando Marsans
  Armando Marsans
  Armando Marsans was a Major League Baseball outfielder from 1911 to 1918. He played in three different major leagues in his career: with the Cincinnati Reds in the National League , with the St. Louis Terriers in the Federal League , and with the St...
  
  , both natives of Cuba
  Cuba
  The Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...
  
  , became the first Hispanic players in Major League Baseball
  Major League Baseball
  Major League Baseball is the highest level of professional baseball in the United States and Canada, consisting of teams that play in the National League and the American League...
  
   history, debuting in Chicago for the Cincinnati Reds
  Cincinnati Reds
  The Cincinnati Reds are a Major League Baseball team based in Cincinnati, Ohio. They are members of the National League Central Division. The club was established in 1882 as a charter member of the American Association and joined the National League in 1890....
  
   against the Cubs
  Chicago Cubs
  The Chicago Cubs are a professional baseball team located in Chicago, Illinois. They are members of the Central Division of Major League Baseball's National League. They are one of two Major League clubs based in Chicago . The Cubs are also one of the two remaining charter members of the National...
  
  . Although the two were dark-skinned and had played for a Negro team, they avoided the ban against African-American players by producing proof that they "were of Castilian rather than Negro heritage".
• The hottest day of the 1911 United States heat wave
  Heat wave
  A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot weather, which may be accompanied by high humidity. There is no universal definition of a heat wave; the term is relative to the usual weather in the area...
  
   set records that stood a century later, in Vermont (105° at Vernon) and New Hampshire (106° at Nashua), as well as 104° in Boston, and 113° in Junction City, Kansas. In Chicago, 64 died in one day, and 51 the day before.
• Born: Mitch Miller
  Mitch Miller
  Mitchell William "Mitch" Miller was an American musician, singer, conductor, record producer, A&R man and record company executive...
  
  , American singer and television personality (Sing Along with Mitch), in Rochester, New York
  Rochester, New York
  Rochester is a city in Monroe County, New York, south of Lake Ontario in the United States. Known as The World's Image Centre, it was also once known as The Flour City, and more recently as The Flower City...
  
   (d. 2010); Frederick Seitz
  Frederick Seitz
  Frederick Seitz was an American physicist and a pioneer of solid state physics. Seitz was president of Rockefeller University, and president of the United States National Academy of Sciences 1962–1969. He was the recipient of the National Medal of Science, NASA's Distinguished Public Service...
  
  , American physicist, and co-proponent of Wigner–Seitz cell
  Wigner–Seitz cell
  The Wigner–Seitz cell, named after Eugene Wigner and Frederick Seitz, is a type of Voronoi cell used in the study of crystalline material in solid-state physics....
  
  , in San Francisco (d. 2008); and Elizabeth Peratrovich
  Elizabeth Peratrovich
  Elizabeth Peratrovich , Tlingit nation, was an important civil rights activist; she worked on behalf of equality for Alaska Natives...
  
  , civil rights activist for Alaskan native peoples, in Petersburg, Alaska
  Petersburg, Alaska
  Petersburg is a city in Petersburg Census Area, Alaska, in the United States. According to 2009 Census Bureau estimates, the population of the city is 2,824 full time residents.- History :...
  
   (d. 1958)
• Died: Vaughan Kester
  Vaughan Kester
  Vaughan or Vaughn Kester was a U.S. novelist and journalist.He was the elder brother of dramatist and author Paul Kester ....
  
  , 41, American novelist; and Franklin Fyles, 64, American playwright and theatre critic, and

July 5, 1911 (Wednesday)

• By a 253-46 vote, Britain's House of Lords
  House of Lords
  The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster....
  
   passed a watered down version of Parliament Act of 1911 received from the House of Commons
  British House of Commons
  The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...
  
  , including amendments made by Lord Lansdowne.
• The record-breaking heat wave in North America ended after five days of record high temperatures. In the first five days of July, more than 500 deaths were attributed to the heat.
• Turkey
  Turkey
  Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
  
   began military preparations to suppress a revolt in Montenegro
  Montenegro
  Montenegro Montenegrin: Crna Gora Црна Гора , meaning "Black Mountain") is a country located in Southeastern Europe. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south-west and is bordered by Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia to the northeast and Albania to the...
  
  .
• Born: Georges Pompidou
  Georges Pompidou
  Georges Jean Raymond Pompidou was a French politician. He was Prime Minister of France from 1962 to 1968, holding the longest tenure in this position, and later President of the French Republic from 1969 until his death in 1974.-Biography:...
  
  , 19th President of France from 1969 to 1974, Prime Minister 1962-68; in Montboudif
  Montboudif
  Montboudif is a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France.-Population:-Personalities:It was the birthplace of Georges Pompidou , President of France from 1969 until his death....
  
   (d. 1974)
• Died: Maria Pia of Savoy
  Maria Pia of Savoy
  Maria Pia of Savoy was a Portuguese Queen consort, spouse of King Luís I of Portugal. On the day of her baptism, Pope Pius IX, her godfather, gave her a Golden Rose. Maria Pia was married to Luís on the 6 October 1862 in Lisbon...
  
  , 63, Queen Consort of Portugal 1862-1889 as the wife of King Luis I, and later Queen Dowager of Portugal until the monarchy was abolished in 1910

July 6, 1911 (Thursday)

• Charles Flint
  Charles Ranlett Flint
  -Further reading:**...
  
   acquired nearly all of the Computing Tabulating and Recording Company (which later became IBM), buying out Herman Hollerith
  Herman Hollerith
  Herman Hollerith was an American statistician who developed a mechanical tabulator based on punched cards to rapidly tabulate statistics from millions of pieces of data. He was the founder of one of the companies that later merged and became IBM.-Personal life:Hollerith was born in Buffalo, New...
  
   for $1,210,500. For the next 10 years, Hollerith retained control of design changes in the CTR tabulating machines and stifled the growth of the company.
• Publisher Charles Curtis
  Charles Curtis
  Charles Curtis was a United States Representative, a longtime United States Senator from Kansas later chosen as Senate Majority Leader by his Republican colleagues, and the 31st Vice President of the United States...
  
   debuted a new version of the farmers' magazine Country Gentleman
  Country Gentleman
  Country Gentleman was an agricultural magazine founded in 1831 in Rochester, NY by Luther Tucker. The magazine was purchased by Curtis Publishing Company in 1911. Curtis redirected the magazine to address the business side of farming, which was largely ignored by the agricultural magazines of the...
  
  , whose ciruclation had declined to only 2,000 paying subscribers at the time of acquisition. Within 30 years, he had increased the number of subscribers to 2,000,000. The magazine was discontinued in 1955 after being sold to the Farm Journal
• The arbitration treaty between the United States and the United Kingdom was signed.
• Born: LaVerne Andrews, eldest of the 1940s trio The Andrews Sisters
  The Andrews Sisters
  The Andrews Sisters were a highly successful close harmony singing group of the swing and boogie-woogie eras. The group consisted of three sisters: contralto LaVerne Sophia Andrews , soprano Maxene Angelyn Andrews , and mezzo-soprano Patricia Marie "Patty" Andrews...
  
   (d. 1967)

July 7, 1911 (Friday)

• In Washington, DC, the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom and Japan signed the Convention on the International Protection of Fur Seals
  North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911
  The North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911, formally known as the Convention between the United States and Other Powers Providing for the Preservation and Protection of Fur Seals, was an international treaty signed on July 7, 1911 designed to manage the commercial harvest of fur bearing mammals ...
  
  , prohibiting hunting of the endangered fur seals in the North Pacific Ocean. In first six years, the seal population increased by 30 percent.
• King George V and Queen Mary arrived in Dublin for a visit as sovereigns of Ireland. They stayed until July 12.
• Born: Gian-Carlo Menotti, Italian-born American composer (Amahl and the Night Visitors
  Amahl and the Night Visitors
  Amahl and the Night Visitors is an opera in one act by Gian Carlo Menotti with an original English libretto by the composer. It was commissioned by NBC and first performed by the NBC Opera Theatre on December 24, 1951, in New York City at NBC studio 8H in Rockefeller Center, where it was broadcast...
  
  ); in Cadegliano-Viconago
  Cadegliano-Viconago
  Cadegliano-Viconago is a comune in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 km northwest of Milan and about 15 km north of Varese, on the border with Switzerland...
  
   (d. 2007)
• Died: Edward Dicey
  Edward Dicey
  Edward James Stephen Dicey was an English writer, journalist, and editor.Born at Claybrook Hall, Leicestershire, Dicey was the son of Thomas Edward Dicey, owner of the Northampton Mercury, and Anne Mary, née Stephen...
  
  , 79, English journalist and novelist; and Alexander C. Mitchell
  Alexander C. Mitchell
  Alexander Clark Mitchell was a U.S. Representative from Kansas.Born in Cincinnati, Ohio, Mitchell moved to Kansas in 1867 with his parents, who settled in Douglas County, near Lawrence, Kansas. He attended the public schools, and was graduated from the law department of the University of Kansas...
  
  , 50, U.S. Congressman who represented Kansas for only four months before his death.

July 8, 1911 (Saturday)

• The city of Burbank, California
  Burbank, California
  Burbank is a city in Los Angeles County in Southern California, United States, north of downtown Los Angeles. The estimated population in 2010 was 103,340....
  
  , with 500 residents, was incorporated. One century later, its population was over 100,000.
• U.S. Vice President James S. Sherman
  James S. Sherman
  James Schoolcraft Sherman was a United States Representative from New York and the 27th Vice President of the United States . He was a member of the Baldwin, Hoar, and Sherman families.-Early life:...
  
  , in his capacity as President of the U.S. Senate, broke a long standing tradition in Congress of using only hand fans for cooling, by bringing the first electric fan to the Senate Chamber. The same day, other members of Congress followed suit.
• Died: Ira Erastus Davenport
  Davenport Brothers
  Ira Erastus Davenport and William Henry Davenport , known as the Davenport Brothers, were American magicians in the late 19th century, sons of a Buffalo, New York policeman...
  
  , 72, American spiritualist and magician

July 9, 1911 (Sunday)

• Born: John Archibald Wheeler
  John Archibald Wheeler
  John Archibald Wheeler was an American theoretical physicist who was largely responsible for reviving interest in general relativity in the United States after World War II. Wheeler also worked with Niels Bohr in explaining the basic principles behind nuclear fission...
  
  , American theoretical physicist who coined the astronomical terms "black hole
  Black hole
  A black hole is a region of spacetime from which nothing, not even light, can escape. The theory of general relativity predicts that a sufficiently compact mass will deform spacetime to form a black hole. Around a black hole there is a mathematically defined surface called an event horizon that...
  
  " and "wormhole
  Wormhole
  In physics, a wormhole is a hypothetical topological feature of spacetime that would be, fundamentally, a "shortcut" through spacetime. For a simple visual explanation of a wormhole, consider spacetime visualized as a two-dimensional surface. If this surface is folded along a third dimension, it...
  
  "; in Jacksonville, Florida
  Jacksonville, Florida
  Jacksonville is the largest city in the U.S. state of Florida in terms of both population and land area, and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. It is the county seat of Duval County, with which the city government consolidated in 1968...
  
   (d. 2008); and Mervyn Peake
  Mervyn Peake
  Mervyn Laurence Peake was an English writer, artist, poet and illustrator. He is best known for what are usually referred to as the Gormenghast books. They are sometimes compared to the work of his older contemporary J. R. R...
  
  , British writer and illustrator, best known for the Gormenghast
  Gormenghast (series)
  The Gormenghast series comprises three novels by Mervyn Peake, featuring Castle Gormenghast, and Titus Groan, the title character of the first book.-Works in the series:...
  
   series of books; in Lushan, Jiangxi Province, China (d. 1968)

July 10, 1911 (Monday)

• In arbitration by King George V, Chile
  Chile
  Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...
  
   was ordered to pay $935,000 to the United States Alsop firm. Alsop had demanded $3,000,000 with interest; the $935K was paid on November 13.
• The Royal Australian Navy
  Royal Australian Navy
  The Royal Australian Navy is the naval branch of the Australian Defence Force. Following the Federation of Australia in 1901, the ships and resources of the separate colonial navies were integrated into a national force: the Commonwealth Naval Forces...
  
   was bestowed its name by King George V, having previously been the "Commonwealth Naval Forces."
• Troops from Peru
  Peru
  Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
  
  , arriving on the launch Loreto and backed up by the gunboat America, arrived at the settlement of La Pedrera, established by Colombia
  Colombia
  Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...
  
   on disputed territory on the Apaporis, a tributary of the Amazon River. Peruvian Lt.Col. Oscar Benavides gave the Colombians an ultimatum to abandon the outpost. After a battle of two days, the Colombians surrendered, and agreements on July 15 and July 19 ended the fighting.

July 11, 1911 (Tuesday)

• The Federal Express, a passenger train on the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad running the Boston to Washington route, jumped the track at Bridgeport at 3:35 am, killing 14 people and injured 42 more.
• France's Chamber of Deputies voted 476-77 to postpone further discussion of the Moroccan problem.
• The mining settlement of South Porcupine, Ontario was destroyed by forest fires that swept across the province. Forest fires had broken out across Northern Ontario, and over four days, they would kill 400 or more people.

July 12, 1911 (Wednesday)

• Ty Cobb
  Ty Cobb
  Tyrus Raymond "Ty" Cobb , nicknamed "The Georgia Peach," was an American Major League Baseball outfielder. He was born in Narrows, Georgia...
  
   of the Detroit Tigers
  Detroit Tigers
  The Detroit Tigers are a Major League Baseball team located in Detroit, Michigan. One of the American League's eight charter franchises, the club was founded in Detroit in as part of the Western League. The Tigers have won four World Series championships and have won the American League pennant...
  
  , whose career record of stealing home 54 times is unbroken, stole second base, third base and home on three consecutive pitches, against the Philadelphia Athletics.
• Au Sable, Michigan
  Au Sable, Michigan
  Au Sable is an unincorporated community in Au Sable Township of Iosco County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is situated on the southern side of Au Sable River where is enters Lake Huron. The community of Oscoda is on the other side of the river. Au Sable is a census-designated place for...
  
  , was destroyed by forest fires.

July 13, 1911 (Thursday)

• Seventeen years old, Crown Prince Edward of the United Kingdom (the future King Edward VIII), was invested as the Prince of Wales. For the first time since 1616, the ceremony took place in Wales itself, at Canarvon Castle, as a result of the efforts of Chancellor of the Exchequer David Lloyd George, a Welshman.
• The Third Anglo-Japanese Agreement of Alliance was signed by the United Kingdom and Japan, extending the date of expiry from 1915 to 1921.

July 14, 1911 (Friday)

• Rain began falling at Baguio City
  Baguio City
  The City of Baguio is a highly urbanized city in northern Luzon in the Philippines. Baguio City was established by Americans in 1900 at the site of an Ibaloi village known as Kafagway...
  
   in the Philippines
  Philippines
  The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
  
   and, between noon until noon the next day, broke the record for most rainfall in 24 hours (45.99 inches or 1168 mm). By the time rain ended three days later, the total amount had been 88.85 inches (2239 mm). The 46 inch rainfall represented 1,350,000 gallons of water, weighing 5,400 tons, per acre.
• Aviator Harry Atwood broke the record for distance traveled in an airplane, flying 576 miles from Boston
  Boston
  Boston is the capital of and largest city in Massachusetts, and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact on the entire New England region. The city proper had...
  
   to Washington, DC, where he came in for a landing on the south lawn of the White House
  White House
  The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the president of the United States. Located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., the house was designed by Irish-born James Hoban, and built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia sandstone in the Neoclassical...
  
  .
• Born: William Norris
  William Norris
  William Charles Norris was the pioneering CEO of Control Data Corporation, at one time one of the most powerful and respected computer companies in the world...
  
  , American entrepreneur and computer pioneer, founder of Control Data Corporation
  Control Data Corporation
  Control Data Corporation was a supercomputer firm. For most of the 1960s, it built the fastest computers in the world by far, only losing that crown in the 1970s after Seymour Cray left the company to found Cray Research, Inc....
  
  , in Red Cloud, Nebraska
  Red Cloud, Nebraska
  Red Cloud is a city in and the county seat of Webster County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 1,131 at the 2000 census.-History:The region of present-day Red Cloud was intermittently occupied and used as hunting grounds by the Pawnees until 1833. In that year, a treaty was signed in...
  
   (d. 2006); Terry-Thomas
  Terry-Thomas
  Thomas Terry Hoar Stevens was a distinctive English comic actor, known as Terry-Thomas. He was famous for his portrayal of disreputable members of the upper classes, especially cads and toffs, with the trademark gap in his front teeth, cigarette holder, smoking jacket, and catch-phrases such as...
  
  , English comic actor, as Thomas Terry Hoar-Stevens, in Finchley
  Finchley
  Finchley is a district in Barnet in north London, England. Finchley is on high ground, about north of Charing Cross. It formed an ancient parish in the county of Middlesex, becoming a municipal borough in 1933, and has formed part of Greater London since 1965...
  
   (d. 1990); and Gertrude Scharff Goldhaber
  Gertrude Scharff Goldhaber
  Gertrude Scharff Goldhaber was a German-born Jewish-American nuclear physicist. She earned her PhD. from the University of Munich, and though her family suffered during The Holocaust, Gertrude was able to escape to London and later to the United States. Her research during World War II was...
  
  , German-American physicist, in Mannheim
  Mannheim
  Mannheim is a city in southwestern Germany. With about 315,000 inhabitants, Mannheim is the second-largest city in the Bundesland of Baden-Württemberg, following the capital city of Stuttgart....
  
   (d. 1998)

July 15, 1911 (Saturday)

• Agadir crisis
  Agadir Crisis
  The Agadir Crisis, also called the Second Moroccan Crisis, or the Panthersprung, was the international tension sparked by the deployment of the German gunboat Panther, to the Moroccan port of Agadir on July 1, 1911.-Background:...
  
  : Germany's Foreign Minister Alfred von Kiderlen-Waechter
  Alfred von Kiderlen-Waechter
  Alfred von Kiderlen-Waechter was a German diplomat and politician, who served as Foreign Secretary and head of the Foreign Office from 27 June 1910 to 30 December 1912.-Biography:...
  
   summoned French Ambassador Jules Cambon to the Ministry and made the surprise demand that France cede its colony in the French Congo
  French Congo
  The French Congo was a French colony which at one time comprised the present-day area of the Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and the Central African Republic...
  
   to Germany as a condition of German withdrawal from Morocco.
• Turkish Troops commanded by Edhem Pasha were ambushed by Albanian rebels at Ipek, with 200 Turks killed and wounded.
• The German-Japanese treaty of commerce was ratified at Tokyo.
• An explosion at the Cascade Mine at Sykesville, Pennsylvania, killed 21 coal miners.
• Born: Hans von Luck
  Hans von Luck
  Hans-Ulrich von Luck und Witten , usually shortened to Hans von Luck, was a Colonel in the German Armored Forces during World War II. He served with the 7th Panzer Division and 21st Panzer Division, seeing action in Poland, France, North Africa, Italy and Russia...
  
  , German panzer commander in World War II, in Flensburg
  Flensburg
  Flensburg is an independent town in the north of the German state of Schleswig-Holstein. Flensburg is the centre of the region of Southern Schleswig...
  
   (d. 1997)
• Died: Noble P. Swift, president of Swift meatpacking company

July 16, 1911 (Sunday)

• The Armenian patriarch of Turkey
  Turkey
  Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
  
   presented a list of grievances to the government, demanding improvements on education, use of the Armenian language
  Armenian language
  The Armenian language is an Indo-European language spoken by the Armenian people. It is the official language of the Republic of Armenia as well as in the region of Nagorno-Karabakh. The language is also widely spoken by Armenian communities in the Armenian diaspora...
  
  , the right to participate in military service, and the right to present Christians as witnesses in court proceedings in the Islamic nation. The government pledged reforms, which were blocked in the Ottoman parliament.
• Born: Ginger Rogers
  Ginger Rogers
  Ginger Rogers was an American actress, dancer, and singer who appeared in film, and on stage, radio, and television throughout much of the 20th century....
  
  , American actress and dance partner of Fred Astaire
  Fred Astaire
  Fred Astaire was an American film and Broadway stage dancer, choreographer, singer and actor. His stage and subsequent film career spanned a total of 76 years, during which he made 31 musical films. He was named the fifth Greatest Male Star of All Time by the American Film Institute...
  
  ; as Virginia McMath in Independence, Missouri
  Independence, Missouri
  Independence is the fourth largest city in the U.S. state of Missouri, and is contained within the counties of Jackson and Clay. It is part of the Kansas City Metropolitan Area...
  
   (d. 1995); and Jerry Burke
  Jerry Burke
  Jerry Burke was a musician who played the organ and piano for the Lawrence Welk orchestra from 1934 to 1965....
  
  , American pianist for the Lawrence Welk Show; in Marshalltown, Iowa
  Marshalltown, Iowa
  Marshalltown is a city in and the county seat of Marshall County, Iowa, United States. The population was 27,552 in the 2010 census, an increase from the 26,009 population in the 2000 census. -History:...
  
    (d. 1965)

July 17, 1911 (Monday)

• The United States Census Bureau announced that the U.S. center of population
  Center of population
  In demographics, the center of population of a region is a geographical point that describes a centerpoint of the region's population...
  
   had moved westward to Unionville
  Unionville, Indiana
  Unionville is an unincorporated town in Benton Township, Monroe County, Indiana.The Unionville Post Office is located at 8031 E St. Rd. 45. Across the street is , which was once Unionville High School....
  
  , in Monroe County, Indiana
  Monroe County, Indiana
  As of the census of 2010, there were 137,974 people, 46,898 households, and 24,715 families residing in the county. The population density was 306 people per square mile . There were 50,846 housing units at an average density of 129 per square mile...
  
  .
• The U.S.-Japanese treaty of Commerce and Navigation went into effect.
• Newspaper reporter Andre Jager-Schmidt of the Paris daily Excelsior, set off from Paris on an assignment to travel around the world more quickly than ever before. The existing record at the time was 54 days, set by James Willis Sayre in the autumn of 1903. Jager-Schmidt arrived back in Paris 39 days later on August 26.
• The town of Hutto, Texas
  Hutto, Texas
  Hutto is a city in Williamson County, Texas, United States. It is part of the Austin-Round Rock metropolitan area. The population was 1,250 at the 2000 census; it had grown to 7,401 in the 2005 census estimate and had reached 17,120 by January 2008....
  
   was incorporated.
• Born: Bulent Rauf
  Bulent Rauf
  Bulent Rauf was a Turkish-British mystic, spiritual teacher, translator and author. From 1945 to the early sixties, he was married to Princess Faiza, sister of King Farouk of Egypt....
  
  , Turkish mystic and spiritualist, in Beylerbeyi
  Beylerbeyi
  Beylerbeyi is a neighborhood in the Üsküdar municipality of Istanbul, Turkey. It is located on the Asian shore of the Bosporus, to the north of the Bosphorus Bridge. It is bordered on the northeast by the neighborhood of Çengelköy, on the east by Kirazlıtepe, on the southeast by Küplüce, on the...
  
   (d. 1987)

July 18, 1911 (Tuesday)

• Transported with Russian help on the steamer Christoforos, Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar
  Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar
  Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar was the Shah of Persia from 8 January 1907 to 16 July 1909.-Biography:He was against the constitution that was ratified during the reign of his father, Mozzafar-al-Din Shah...
  
  , the deposed Shah of Persia, landed at the Caspian Sea
  Caspian Sea
  The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. The sea has a surface area of and a volume of...
  
   port of Astarabad with an army in an attempt to regain the throne that he had lost in 1909. The Russian-supplied guns, cannons and munitions had been packed in crates labelled "mineral water".
• Born: Hume Cronyn
  Hume Cronyn
  Hume Blake Cronyn, OC was a Canadian actor of stage and screen, who enjoyed a long career, often appearing professionally alongside his second wife, Jessica Tandy.-Early life:...
  
  , Canadian film actor and husband of Jessica Tandy
  Jessica Tandy
  Jessie Alice "Jessica" Tandy was an English-American stage and film actress.She first appeared on the London stage in 1926 at the age of 16, playing, among others, Katherine opposite Laurence Olivier's Henry V, and Cordelia opposite John Gielgud's King Lear. She also worked in British films...
  
  ; in London, Ontario
  London, Ontario
  London is a city in Southwestern Ontario, Canada, situated along the Quebec City – Windsor Corridor. The city has a population of 352,395, and the metropolitan area has a population of 457,720, according to the 2006 Canadian census; the metro population in 2009 was estimated at 489,274. The city...
  
    (d. 2003)
• Died: Hermann Adler
  Hermann Adler
  Rabbi Hermann Adler CVO was the Chief Rabbi of the British Empire from 1891 to 1911. The son of Nathan Marcus Adler, the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica writes that he "raised the position [of Chief Rabbi] to one of much dignity and importance."Born in Hanover, like his father, he had both a...
  
  , 52, Chief Rabbi
  Chief Rabbi
  Chief Rabbi is a title given in several countries to the recognized religious leader of that country's Jewish community, or to a rabbinic leader appointed by the local secular authorities...
  
   of the British Empire
  British Empire
  The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height, it was the...
  
   since 1891.

July 19, 1911 (Wednesday)

• The spelling of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
  Pennsylvania
  The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania is a U.S. state that is located in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. The state borders Delaware and Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, New York and Ontario, Canada, to the north, and New Jersey to...
  
  , was restored by the United States Board on Geographic Names
  United States Board on Geographic Names
  The United States Board on Geographic Names is a United States federal body whose purpose is to establish and maintain uniform usage of geographic names throughout the U.S. government.-Overview:...
  
  , which had decreed in 1890 that the city would be referred to as Pittsburg. The restoration of the "H" at the end of the name followed years of lobbying by city and state officials.
• Walter Carlisle
  Walter Carlisle
  Walter Carlisle [Rosy] was a left fielder in Major League Baseball who played briefly for the Boston Red Sox during the 1908 season. Carlisle was a switch-hitter and threw right-handed...
  
  , centerfielder of the Vernon Tigers
  Vernon Tigers
  The Vernon Tigers were a minor league baseball team which played in the Pacific Coast League from 1909 through 1925. Vernon, California, was and is a small town in Los Angeles County. The Tigers, together with the Sacramento Solons, joined the PCL as new teams in 1909 as the league expanded from...
  
   of the Pacific Coast League, made a spectacular [unassisted triple play] in a game against the Los Angeles Angels, and put his name in the record books as the only outfielder to perform the feat.

July 20, 1911 (Thursday)

• Agadir crisis
  Agadir Crisis
  The Agadir Crisis, also called the Second Moroccan Crisis, or the Panthersprung, was the international tension sparked by the deployment of the German gunboat Panther, to the Moroccan port of Agadir on July 1, 1911.-Background:...
  
  : General Auguste Dubail
  Auguste Dubail
  Auguste Yvon Edmond Dubail was a French Army general. He commanded the First Army and Army Group East during World War I.-Biography:...
  
   of France and Sir Henry Wilson, Field Marshal of the British Army, reached an agreement for a joint plan to mobilize 150,000 men in the event that Germany declared war on either nation. Though the Dubail-Wilson plan did not become necessary in 1911, it would be used three years later when World War I
  World War I
  World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
  
   broke out.
• Rebels in Haiti
  Haiti
  Haiti , officially the Republic of Haiti , is a Caribbean country. It occupies the western, smaller portion of the island of Hispaniola, in the Greater Antillean archipelago, which it shares with the Dominican Republic. Ayiti was the indigenous Taíno or Amerindian name for the island...
  
   captured Cap-Haïtien
  Cap-Haïtien
  Cap-Haïtien is a city of about 190,000 people on the north coast of Haiti and capital of the Department of Nord...
  
   and began marching on Port-au-Prince
  Port-au-Prince
  Port-au-Prince is the capital and largest city of the Caribbean nation of Haiti. The city's population was 704,776 as of the 2003 census, and was officially estimated to have reached 897,859 in 2009....
  
  .
• King Nicholas of Montenegro hosted representatives from Britain, France, Russia, Austria-Hungary and Italy to resolve the Albanian-Turkish war.

July 21, 1911 (Friday)

• The Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company was awarded the $235,000,000 contract for the construction of 87 miles of new subway and elevated train lines.
• David Lloyd George
  David Lloyd George
  David Lloyd George, 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor OM, PC was a British Liberal politician and statesman...
  
  , the British Chancellor of the Exchequer
  Chancellor of the Exchequer
  The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister who is responsible for all economic and financial matters. Often simply called the Chancellor, the office-holder controls HM Treasury and plays a role akin to the posts of Minister of Finance or Secretary of the...
  
  , gave a speech making the government's position clear, that the United Kingdom would not remain neutral, and would come to the aid of France in the event of an attack by Germany.
• Born: Marshall McLuhan
  Marshall McLuhan
  Herbert Marshall McLuhan, CC was a Canadian educator, philosopher, and scholar—a professor of English literature, a literary critic, a rhetorician, and a communication theorist...
  
  , Canadian media theorist and author, credited with coining the term "global village
  Global Village (term)
  Global Village is a term closely associated with Marshall McLuhan, popularized in his books The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man and Understanding Media . McLuhan described how the globe has been contracted into a village by electric technology and the instantaneous movement of...
  
  " and the phrase, "The medium is the message"; in Edmonton
  Edmonton
  Edmonton is the capital of the Canadian province of Alberta and is the province's second-largest city. Edmonton is located on the North Saskatchewan River and is the centre of the Edmonton Capital Region, which is surrounded by the central region of the province.The city and its census...
  
   (d. 1980)

July 22, 1911 (Saturday)

• The U.S. Senate passed the Canadian Reciprocity Bill, 53-27.
• Voters in Texas
  Texas
  Texas is the second largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state by area in the contiguous United States.The name, based on the Caddo word "Tejas" meaning "friends" or "allies", was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves and to the region of their settlement in...
  
   defeated a referendum proposing the prohibition of the sale of liquor, 234,000 to 228,000.
• After returning to Persia with the help of the Russian Empire, former Shah Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar
  Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar
  Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar was the Shah of Persia from 8 January 1907 to 16 July 1909.-Biography:He was against the constitution that was ratified during the reign of his father, Mozzafar-al-Din Shah...
  
   entered Astrabad (now Gorgan, Iran), where he was welcomed by residents eager to restore him to the throne.

July 23, 1911 (Sunday)

• The Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, spiritual head of Mongol Buddhists, hosted the Russian consul and told him that the Mongol minority wished to send a delegation to Saint Petersburg
  Saint Petersburg
  Saint Petersburg is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea...
  
   to ask the aid of the Russian government in separating Mongolia
  Mongolia
  Mongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
  
   from the Chinese Empire
  Late Imperial China
  Late Imperial China refers to the period between the end of Mongol rule in 1368 and the establishment of the Republic of China in 1912 and includes the Ming and Qing Dynasties...
  
  .

July 24, 1911 (Monday)

• Hiram Bingham
  Hiram Bingham III
  Hiram Bingham, formally Hiram Bingham III, was an academic, explorer, treasure hunter and politician from the United States. He made public the existence of the Quechua citadel of Machu Picchu in 1911 with the guidance of local indigenous farmers...
  
   rediscovered Machu Picchu
  Machu Picchu
  Machu Picchu is a pre-Columbian 15th-century Inca site located above sea level. It is situated on a mountain ridge above the Urubamba Valley in Peru, which is northwest of Cusco and through which the Urubamba River flows. Most archaeologists believe that Machu Picchu was built as an estate for...
  
   with the assistance of Melchor Arteaga, who guided the Bingham party up a mountain overlooking Torontoy, and 8 year old Melquiades Richarte.
• Martial law was proclaimed in Tehran, and the National Council demanded the resignation of the Premier.
• The British cruiser HMS Fox captured two ships in the Persian Gulf carrying rifles ad ammunition for the former Shah.
• Wilfrid Laurier
  Wilfrid Laurier
  Sir Wilfrid Laurier, GCMG, PC, KC, baptized Henri-Charles-Wilfrid Laurier was the seventh Prime Minister of Canada from 11 July 1896 to 6 October 1911....
  
  , the Prime Minister of Canada
  Prime Minister of Canada
  The Prime Minister of Canada is the primary minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus head of government for Canada, charged with advising the Canadian monarch or viceroy on the exercise of the executive powers vested in them by the constitution...
  
  , delivered an ultimatum to Conservative members of the Parliament, to either ratify the Reciprocity Treaty with the United States, or to face dissolution and new elections.
• The scout ship USS Chester
  USS Chester (CL-1)
  USS Chester of the United States Navy was a light cruiser, the first to be so designated.She was launched on 26 June 1907 by Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine, sponsored by Miss D. W. Sproul, and commissioned on 25 April 1908, Commander H. B. Wilson in command...
  
   arrived in Haiti
  Haiti
  Haiti , officially the Republic of Haiti , is a Caribbean country. It occupies the western, smaller portion of the island of Hispaniola, in the Greater Antillean archipelago, which it shares with the Dominican Republic. Ayiti was the indigenous Taíno or Amerindian name for the island...
  
   to protect American interests there, three days after dispatch from Newport, Rhode Island.
• The Indian Institute of Science
  Indian Institute of Science
  Indian Institute of Science is a research institution of higher learning located in Bangalore, India. It was established in 1909.-History:After a chance meeting between Jamsetji N...
  
  , a university located in Bangalore
  Bangalore
  Bengaluru , formerly called Bengaluru is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bangalore is nicknamed the Garden City and was once called a pensioner's paradise. Located on the Deccan Plateau in the south-eastern part of Karnataka, Bangalore is India's third most populous city and...
  
  , began its first classes.
• The Cleveland Naps (now the Cleveland Indians
  Cleveland Indians
  The Cleveland Indians are a professional baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio. They are in the Central Division of Major League Baseball's American League. Since , they have played in Progressive Field. The team's spring training facility is in Goodyear, Arizona...
  
  ) hosted baseball's first all-star game, competing against an assembled group of American League
  American League
  The American League of Professional Baseball Clubs, or simply the American League , is one of two leagues that make up Major League Baseball in the United States and Canada. It developed from the Western League, a minor league based in the Great Lakes states, which eventually aspired to major...
  
   players in a benefit game for the family of the late Addie Joss
  Addie Joss
  Adrian Joss was a Major League Baseball pitcher. He pitched his entire nine-year baseball career for the Cleveland Bronchos/Naps .-Early life:...
  
  . The star team, which included Ty Cobb
  Ty Cobb
  Tyrus Raymond "Ty" Cobb , nicknamed "The Georgia Peach," was an American Major League Baseball outfielder. He was born in Narrows, Georgia...
  
  , Tris Speaker
  Tris Speaker
  Tristram E. Speaker , nicknamed "Spoke" and "The Grey Eagle", was an American baseball player. Considered one of the best offensive and defensive center fielders in the history of Major League Baseball, he compiled a career batting average of .345 , and still holds the record of 792 career doubles...
  
   and other prominent baseball players, beat Cleveland 5-3, in a game that raised $13,000 for Joss's family.

July 25, 1911 (Tuesday)

• MacPherson v. Buick Motor Co.
  MacPherson v. Buick Motor Co.
  MacPherson v. Buick Motor Co., 217 N.Y. 382, 111 N.E. 1050 is a famous New York Court of Appeals opinion by Judge Benjamin N. Cardozo which removed the requirement of privity of contract for duty in negligence actions.-Facts:...
  
  : Near Saratoga Springs, New York
  Saratoga Springs, New York
  Saratoga Springs, also known as simply Saratoga, is a city in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 26,586 at the 2010 census. The name reflects the presence of mineral springs in the area. While the word "Saratoga" is known to be a corruption of a Native American name, ...
  
  , Donald MacPherson was severely injured when the wooden spokes of the left rear wheel of his Buick Model 10 automobile collapsed, throwing the car into a telephone pole and throwing him under the car's rear axle. MacPherson's suit led to the an opinion from New York State's highest court that created product liability as a tortious action. Written by Benjamin Cardozo, later a justice of the United States Supreme Court, the reasoning of the 1916 decision was adopted by other states and "initiated the modern concept of consumer protection".

July 26, 1911 (Wednesday)

• Golden Gate Park
  Golden Gate Park
  Golden Gate Park, located in San Francisco, California, is a large urban park consisting of of public grounds. Configured as a rectangle, it is similar in shape but 20% larger than Central Park in New York, to which it is often compared. It is over three miles long east to west, and about half a...
  
   of San Francisco was selected as the site for the Panama-Pacific Exposition of 1915.
• President Taft signed the American-Canadian reciprocity bill at 3:09 pm, although the Canadian Parliament had dissolved without voting on the measure.
• The cruiser USS Des Moines arrived at Port-au-Prince to protect American citizens and businesses from an ongoing revolt in Haiti.
• The ill-fated Canadian Pacific liner Empress of China
  RMS Empress of China (1891)
  RMS Empress of China was an ocean liner built in 1890-1891 by Naval Construction & Armament Co., Barrow, England for Canadian Pacific Steamships...
  
   was wrecked off the coast of Japan and put out of passenger service permanently.
• Dusé Mohamed Ali
  Dusé Mohamed Ali
  Dusé Mohamed Ali , , was an African nationalist. He was also an actor, historian, journalist, editor, lecturer, traveller, publisher, a founder of the Comet Press Ltd. and The Comet newspaper .-Early life:He was born in Alexandria, Egypt...
  
   convened the first Universal Races Congress
  First Universal Races Congress
  In 1911 the First Universal Races Congress met in London at the University of London as an early effort of Anti-racism, at which distinguished speakers from many countries for four days discussed race problems and ways to improve interracial relations. The Congress was initiated on comments of...
  
  , held in London.
• At a fair in Plainfield, Illinois
  Plainfield, Illinois
  Plainfield is a village in Will County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2007 special census, the population is 37,334.The Village includes land in Plainfield and Wheatland townships. Part of Plainfield is located in Kendall County...
  
  , "Professor" Harry Darnell,a balloonist whose act featured a performance on a trapeze, lost his footing and fell 700 feet to his death.

July 27, 1911 (Thursday)

• Disturbed by the French Army's reluctance to retire aging or infirm generals, French Minister of Defense Adolphe Messimy
  Minister of Defence (France)
  The Minister of Defense and Veterans Affairs is the French government cabinet member charged with running the military of France....
  
   ordered that any officer who was "unable to ride a horse" was to retire. The order was soon rescinded as impractical, and most of the officers remained in positions of command until being removed in August and September 1914 after the outbreak of World War One.
• Omar N. Bradley, 18, of Moberly, Missouri
  Moberly, Missouri
  Moberly is a city in Randolph County, Missouri, United States. According to the 2008 census bureau estimate, the population was 14,227. The city was incorporated 1868. The Moberly Micropolitan Statistical Area consists of Randolph County....
  
  , was notified that he had been accepted to the U.S. Military Academy and that he had five days to report to West Point, New York
  West Point, New York
  West Point is a federal military reservation established by President of the United States Thomas Jefferson in 1802. It is a census-designated place located in Town of Highlands in Orange County, New York, United States. The population was 7,138 at the 2000 census...
  
  . He would become among the 164 graduates of the Class of 1915
  The class the stars fell on
  "The class the stars fell on" is an expression used to describe the United States Military Academy class of 1915. In the U.S. Army, the insignia reserved for generals is one or more stars. Of the 164 graduates that year, 59 attained the rank of general, the most of any class in the history of the...
  
  , of whom 59 went on to become generals, including Bradley and Dwight D. Eisenhower, both of whom reached the five-star rank.
• Born: Rayner Heppenstall
  Rayner Heppenstall
  John Rayner Heppenstall was a British novelist, poet, diarist, and a BBC radio producer.-Early life:...
  
  , British novelist and radio producer, in Lockwood, West Yorkshire (d. 1981)

July 28, 1911 (Friday)

• General Joseph Joffre
  Joseph Joffre
  Joseph Jacques Césaire Joffre OM was a French general during World War I. He is most known for regrouping the retreating allied armies to defeat the Germans at the strategically decisive First Battle of the Marne in 1914. His popularity led to his nickname Papa Joffre.-Biography:Joffre was born in...
  
   was installed as the first Chief of the General Staff of the Army of France, a position that had been created to remedy the lack of a peacetime commander-in-chief of the Army.
• At the age of seven months, future French novelist Jean Genet
  Jean Genet
  Jean Genet was a prominent and controversial French novelist, playwright, poet, essayist, and political activist. Early in his life he was a vagabond and petty criminal, but later took to writing...
  
   was left by his mother at the Bureau d'Abandon de l'Hospice des Enfants-Assistes in Paris, to become a ward of the state, and was placed with a foster family the next day.
• Haitian troops defeated rebels in a battle at Les Cayes.
• Canadian Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier announced a plan of cooperation between Canada and the navies of Great Britain, Australia and New Zealand.

July 29, 1911 (Saturday)

• Parliament was dissolved in Canada after continued obstruction to the reciprocity bill with the United States, with an election set for September 21. The Conservative Party, led by R.L. Borden and opposing reciprocity, would win a majority in the next election.
• A bounty of $100,000 (33,000 pounds) for the capture or killing of the ex-Shah was set by the Persian government.
• Born: Ján Cikker
  Ján Cikker
  Ján Cikker was a Slovak composer, a leading exponent of modern Slovak classical music. He was awarded the title National Artist in Slovakia, the Herder Prize and the UNESCO Prize .-Life:...
  
  , Slovak classical composer, in Besztercebánya
  Banská Bystrica
  Banská Bystrica is a key city in central Slovakia located on the Hron River in a long and wide valley encircled by the mountain chains of the Low Tatras, the Veľká Fatra, and the Kremnica Mountains. With 81,281 inhabitants, Banská Bystrica is the sixth most populous municipality in Slovakia...
  
  , Austro-Hungarian Empire (now Banská Bystrica, Slovakia) (d. 1989)

July 30, 1911 (Sunday)

• Author Henry James
  Henry James
  Henry James, OM was an American-born writer, regarded as one of the key figures of 19th-century literary realism. He was the son of Henry James, Sr., a clergyman, and the brother of philosopher and psychologist William James and diarist Alice James....
  
  , who had been born in New York City, left the United States for the last time. James, who had alternated between Europe and North America as his residence, would become a British citizen prior to his death in 1916.

July 31, 1911 (Monday)

• General Motors
  General Motors
  General Motors Company , commonly known as GM, formerly incorporated as General Motors Corporation, is an American multinational automotive corporation headquartered in Detroit, Michigan and the world's second-largest automaker in 2010...
  
   went public, becoming the first automobile company to list its stock for sale on the New York Stock Exchange
  New York Stock Exchange
  The New York Stock Exchange is a stock exchange located at 11 Wall Street in Lower Manhattan, New York City, USA. It is by far the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed companies at 13.39 trillion as of Dec 2010...
  
  .
• Russia's ambassador to Persia demanded the resignation of Treasurer General W. Morgan Shuster, an American businessman who had been hired by the Iranian parliament to manage the nation's finances. Germany's minister made a similar demand the next day.
• Standard Oil
  Standard Oil
  Standard Oil was a predominant American integrated oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company. Established in 1870 as a corporation in Ohio, it was the largest oil refiner in the world and operated as a major company trust and was one of the world's first and largest multinational...
  
  announced its plans for breaking up the monopoly by November.