October 1, 1911 (Sunday)

• In the first elections in Mexico since the 1910 revolution, Francisco I. Madero
  Francisco I. Madero
  Francisco Ignacio Madero González was a politician, writer and revolutionary who served as President of Mexico from 1911 to 1913. As a respectable upper-class politician, he supplied a center around which opposition to the dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz could coalesce...
  
   was elected President by a landslide. Madero won 95% of the vote, though Francisco Gomez and Emilio Vasquez Gomez also on the ballot, and there was a close race for the Vice-President. Madero's running mate, Jose Pino Suarez
  José María Pino Suárez
  José María Pino Suárez was a Mexican statesman, revolutionary, poet, journalist and jurist who served as Vice President of Mexico , Secreatry of Education and Governor of Yucatán...
  
   and interim President Francisco León de la Barra
  Francisco León de la Barra
  Francisco León de la Barra y Quijano was a Mexican political figure and diplomat, who served as interim president of Mexico from May 25 to November 6, 1911....
  
   were among five vice-presidential candidates. The vote was described as "the freest election in Mexican history" up to that time. Madero would take office on November 6.
• Born: Wei-Liang Chow
  Wei-Liang Chow
  Zhou Weiliang was a Chinese mathematician born in Shanghai, known for his work in algebraic geometry.He was a student in the USA, graduating from the University of Chicago in 1931. In 1932 he attended the University of Göttingen, then transferring to Leipzig where he worked with van der Waerden...
  
  , Chinese mathematician, developer of the Chow coordinates
  Chow coordinates
  In mathematics, and more particularly in the field of algebraic geometry, Chow coordinates are a generalization of Plücker coordinates, applying to m-dimensional algebraic varieties of degree d in Pn, that is, n-dimensional projective space. They are named for W. L...
  
   in algebraic geometry
  Algebraic geometry
  Algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics which combines techniques of abstract algebra, especially commutative algebra, with the language and the problems of geometry. It occupies a central place in modern mathematics and has multiple conceptual connections with such diverse fields as complex...
  
  ; in Shanghai
  Shanghai
  Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...
  
   (d. 1995)
• Died: Wilhelm Dilthey
  Wilhelm Dilthey
  Wilhelm Dilthey was a German historian, psychologist, sociologist and hermeneutic philosopher, who held Hegel's Chair in Philosophy at the University of Berlin. As a polymathic philosopher, working in a modern research university, Dilthey's research interests revolved around questions of...
  
  , 77, German historian and philosopher

October 2, 1911 (Monday)

• East Tennessee State Normal School, now East Tennessee State University
  East Tennessee State University
  East Tennessee State University is an accredited American university located in Johnson City, Tennessee. It is part of the Tennessee Board of Regents system of colleges and universities, the nation's sixth largest system of public education, and is the fourth largest university in the state...
  
   began operation in Johnson City, Tennessee
  Johnson City, Tennessee
  Johnson City is a city in Carter, Sullivan, and Washington counties in the U.S. state of Tennessee, with most of the city being in Washington County...
  
  , with 29 students registering on the first day.
• All 20 members of the crew of the steamer Hatfield were drowned after the ship collided with another boat, the Glasgow, and sank in the North Sea
  North Sea
  In the southwest, beyond the Straits of Dover, the North Sea becomes the English Channel connecting to the Atlantic Ocean. In the east, it connects to the Baltic Sea via the Skagerrak and Kattegat, narrow straits that separate Denmark from Norway and Sweden respectively...
  
  . The Hatfield had been responding to a call for assistance from the Glasgow.
• Born: Jack Finney
  Jack Finney
  Jack Finney was an American author. His best-known works are science fiction and thrillers, including The Body Snatchers and Time and Again. The former was the basis for the 1956 movie Invasion of the Body Snatchers and its remakes.-Biography:Finney was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and given the...
  
  , American novelist, in Milwaukee (d. 1995)
• Died: U.S. Navy Rear Admiral Winfield Scott Schley
  Winfield Scott Schley
  Winfield Scott Schley was a rear admiral in the United States Navy and the hero of the Battle of Santiago Bay during the Spanish-American War.-Civil War:...
  
  , 71, hero of the Battle of Santiago Bay
  Battle of Santiago de Cuba
  The Battle of Santiago de Cuba, fought between Spain and the United States on 3 July 1898, was the largest naval engagement of the Spanish-American War and resulted in the destruction of the Spanish Navy's Caribbean Squadron.-Spanish Fleet:...
  
   during the Spanish-American War
  Spanish-American War
  The Spanish–American War was a conflict in 1898 between Spain and the United States, effectively the result of American intervention in the ongoing Cuban War of Independence...
  
  
• Died: Cromwell Dixon
  Cromwell Dixon
  Cromwell Dixon was the first person to fly across the Continental Divide.-Biography:Cromwell Dixon was born in 1892 in San Francisco; later his family moved to Columbus, Ohio. As a boy, Dixon showed his inventing skills by building a rollercoaster for the neighborhood kids; in 1903 he built his...
  
  , Jr., 19, two days after winning a $10,000 prize for becoming the first person to fly across the North American Continental Divide. Dixon was a guest at the Inter-State Fair in Spokane
  Spokane
  Spokane is a city in the U.S. state of Washington.Spokane may also refer to:*Spokane *Spokane River*Spokane, Missouri*Spokane Valley, Washington*Spokane County, Washington*Spokane-Coeur d'Alene-Paloos War*Spokane * USS Spokane...
  
  , Washington, and crashed in a downdraft.

October 3, 1911 (Tuesday)

• Italo-Turkish War
  Italo-Turkish War
  The Italo-Turkish or Turco-Italian War was fought between the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Italy from September 29, 1911 to October 18, 1912.As a result of this conflict, Italy was awarded the Ottoman provinces of Tripolitania, Fezzan, and...
  
  : After giving residents of Tripoli
  Tripoli
  Tripoli is the capital and largest city in Libya. It is also known as Western Tripoli , to distinguish it from Tripoli, Lebanon. It is affectionately called The Mermaid of the Mediterranean , describing its turquoise waters and its whitewashed buildings. Tripoli is a Greek name that means "Three...
  
   three days notice to evacuate, Italy began a blockade of the Libyan city and heavy bombardment. At 2:00 pm, with the Turkish commander still refusing to surrender, Admiral Luigi Faravelli ordered his ships to begin shelling the city at 3:40 pm.
• Born: Yrjo von Grönhagen
  Ahnenerbe
  The Ahnenerbe was a Nazi German think tank that promoted itself as a "study society for Intellectual Ancient History." Founded on July 1, 1935, by Heinrich Himmler, Herman Wirth, and Richard Walther Darré, the Ahnenerbe's goal was to research the anthropological and cultural history of the Aryan...
  
  , Finnish folklorist (d. 2003)
• Died: Kazuo Hatoyama
  Kazuo Hatoyama
  was the patriarchal head of the prominent Japanese Hatoyama political family which has been called "Japan's Kennedy family."Kazuo was a graduate of Yale University.-Family:...
  
  , 55, Japanese politician

October 4, 1911 (Wednesday)

• The first viable escalator
  Escalator
  An escalator is a moving staircase – a conveyor transport device for carrying people between floors of a building. The device consists of a motor-driven chain of individual, linked steps that move up or down on tracks, allowing the step treads to remain horizontal.Escalators are used around the...
  
  , designed by Charles Seeburger, began operation at the Earl's Court Underground Station in London.
• The first railway from Canton (Guangzhou
  Guangzhou
  Guangzhou , known historically as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of the Guangdong province in the People's Republic of China. Located in southern China on the Pearl River, about north-northwest of Hong Kong, Guangzhou is a key national transportation hub and trading port...
  
   to Hong Kong
  Hong Kong
  Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...
  
  ) was put into service.
• Sir Almroth Wright
  Almroth Wright
  Sir Almroth Edward Wright, KBE, CB was a British bacteriologist and immunologist.He is notable for developing a system of anti-typhoid fever inoculation, recognizing early on that antibiotics would create resistant bacteria and being a strong advocate for preventive medicine.-Biography:Wright was...
  
  , who had developed a vaccine against typhoid fever, began inoculation of 50,000 gold miners with an anti-pneumonia vaccine; by 1915, discovered tobe a failure because of the various forms of pneumococci—at least 90 identified. Some of his colleagues referred to him as "Sir Almost Right"
• Iran
  Iran
  Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
  
  's Parliament, the Majlis, instructed Treasurer W. Morgan Shuster to confiscate the property of Malek Mansur Mirza, younger brother of the former Shah, as punishment for supporting the recent counter-revolution. On October 9, when treasury officials were sent to inventory the property, they were blocked by Russian troops on order of the Russian consul-general, Ivan Pokhitonov, prompting a standoff between Russian and Persian troops.
• Died: Dr. Joseph Bell
  Joseph Bell
  Joseph Bell, JP, DL, FRCS was a famous Scottish lecturer at the medical school of the University of Edinburgh in the 19th century. He is perhaps best known as an inspiration for the literary character Sherlock Holmes....
  
  , 74, Scottish surgeon who was Arthur Conan Doyle's inspiration for Sherlock Holmes.

October 5, 1911 (Thursday)

• At a session of the Reichsrat in Vienna, two anarchists attempted to assassinate the Austrian Minister of Justice, Viktor von Hochenburger. After bringing a gun into the gallery, Nikolaus Njegus fired four shots at the ministerial benches without injuring anyone.
• Born: Brian O'Nolan, Irish novelist, in Strabane
  Strabane
  Strabane , historically spelt Straban,is a town in west County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It contains the headquarters of Strabane District Council....
  
   (d. 1966); Son Sann
  Son Sann
  Son Sann was a Cambodian politician and anti-communist resistance leader. Born in Phnom Penh, he held the office of Prime Minister in 1967-68. A devout Buddhist, he fathered seven children and was married....
  
  , Prime Minister of Cambodia 1967-68 and 1982–1991, in Phnom Penh
  Phnom Penh
  Phnom Penh is the capital and largest city of Cambodia. Located on the banks of the Mekong River, Phnom Penh has been the national capital since the French colonized Cambodia, and has grown to become the nation's center of economic and industrial activities, as well as the center of security,...
  
   (d. 2000); Vereen Bell
  Vereen Bell
  Vereen Bell was an American novelist and naval officer, who was killed on active duty during World War II.-Early life:Born in Cairo, Georgia, he graduated from Davidson College in North Carolina in 1932.-Career:...
  
  , American novelist (killed in battle, 1944); Forrest Bess
  Forrest Bess
  Forrest Bess Painter, fisherman, visionary, eccentric - Forrest Bess was one of the most original American artists of his generation. Born in Bay City, Texas, Bess picked up his love of art from his mother. His father worked in the oil fields and ran a bait fishing camp of the Texas coast in...
  
  , American artist (d. 1977)

October 6, 1911 (Friday)

• Karl Staaff
  Karl Staaff
  Karl Albert Staaff was a Swedish liberal politician and lawyer. He was chairman of the Liberal Coalition Party and served twice as Prime Minister of Sweden ....
  
   became the new Prime Minister of Sweden
  Prime Minister of Sweden
  The Prime Minister is the head of government in the Kingdom of Sweden. Before the creation of the office of a Prime Minister in 1876, Sweden did not have a head of government separate from its head of state, namely the King, in whom the executive authority was vested...
  
  , forming a cabinet from fellow members of the Liberal party that had won election on September 27
  September 1911
  January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - DecemberThe following events occurred in September 1911:-September 1, 1911 :*Emilio Estrada was inaugurated as the 23rd President of Ecuador...
  
  .
• After holding his last cabinet meeting, Sir Wilfrid Laurier
  Wilfrid Laurier
  Sir Wilfrid Laurier, GCMG, PC, KC, baptized Henri-Charles-Wilfrid Laurier was the seventh Prime Minister of Canada from 11 July 1896 to 6 October 1911....
  
   formally resigned as Canadian Prime Minister, in favor of Robert L. Borden, who was sworn in four days later.
• Born: David T. Griggs, American geologist described as "the father of modern rock mechanics"; in Columbus, Ohio
  Columbus, Ohio
  Columbus is the capital of and the largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio. The broader metropolitan area encompasses several counties and is the third largest in Ohio behind those of Cleveland and Cincinnati. Columbus is the third largest city in the American Midwest, and the fifteenth largest city...
  
   (d. 1974)

October 7, 1911 (Saturday)

• Three days after a botched train robbery, Elmer McCurdy
  Elmer McCurdy
  Elmer McCurdy was an Oklahoma outlaw whose mummified body was discovered in The Pike amusement zone in Long Beach, California in December 1976.-Background:...
  
  , 31, was shot and killed by lawmen in Oklahoma. McCurdy would achieve fame 65 years later. In December 1976, a TV crew discovered that a dummy on display in an amusement park in Long Beach, California, was actually McCurdy's mummified body. McCurdy would finally receive a burial in Guthrie, Oklahoma, in 1977.;
• Rear Admiral Borea d'Olmo of the Italian Navy was appointed as the Governor of Tripoli.
• Born: Jo Jones
  Jo Jones
  Jo Jones was an American jazz drummer.Known as Papa Jo Jones in his later years, he was sometimes confused with another influential jazz drummer, Philly Joe Jones...
  
  , American jazz drummer, in Chicago (d. 1985)
• Died: John Hughlings Jackson
  John Hughlings Jackson
  John Hughlings Jackson, FRS , was an English neurologist.- Biography :He was born at Providence Green, Green Hammerton, near Harrogate, Yorkshire, the youngest son of Samuel Jackson, a yeoman who owned and farmed his land, and the former Sarah Hughlings, the daughter of a Welsh revenue collector...
  
  , 76, pioneering British neurologist

October 8, 1911 (Sunday)

• Spanish troops defeated hostile tribesmen in Morocco
  Morocco
  Morocco , officially the Kingdom of Morocco , is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of more than 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², and also primarily administers the disputed region of the Western Sahara...
  
   but sustained heavy losses. The Moors killed 36 Spaniards and wounded another 109 in a battle at the Kert River.
• After seizing Tripoli from the Ottoman Empire, the Italian occupational government declared that slavery there was outlawed. Reportedly, Tripoli was "the only remaining port on the coast of Africa where slavery still prevailed".

October 9, 1911 (Monday)

• Wuchang Uprising
  Wuchang Uprising
  The Wuchang Uprising began with the dissatisfaction of the handling of a railway crisis. The crisis then escalated to an uprising where the revolutionaries went up against Qing government officials. The uprising was then assisted by the New Army in a coup against their own authorities in the city...
  
  : A group of Chinese revolutionaries in the city of Wuchang were working in their hideout, loading rifle shells, when one of them let a cigarette ash fall into gunpowder. The resulting explosion brought an investigation by the police, who discovered lists of the group's members, which included members of the Imperial Army. Faced with certain arrest and probable execution, the rebels began the insurrection ahead of schedule.
• The Treaty of Da'an
  Da'an
  Da'an is a fictional character in the science fiction television series Earth: Final Conflict, played by Leni Parker. He is a member of the Taelon race, an androgynous race of energy beings...
  
   was signed between representatives of the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
  Mehmed V
  Mehmed V Reshad was the 35th Ottoman Sultan. He was the son of Sultan Abdülmecid I. He was succeeded by his half-brother Mehmed VI.-Birth:...
  
   and the Imam of Yemen
  Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din
  Yahya Muhammad Hamidaddin became Imam of the Zaydis in 1904 and Imam of Yemen in 1918. His name in full was Amir al-Mumenin al-Mutawakkil 'Ala Allah Rab ul-Alamin Imam Yahya bin al-Mansur Bi'llah Muhammad Hamidaddin, Imam and Commander of the Faithful.Yahya Muhammad Hamidaddin was born on Friday...
  
  , expanding autonomy in that Ottoman province.
• Born: Joe Rosenthal
  Joe Rosenthal
  Joseph John Rosenthal was an American photographer who received the Pulitzer Prize for his iconic World War II photograph Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima, taken during the Battle of Iwo Jima. His picture became one of the best-known photographs of the war.-Early life:Joseph Rosenthal was born on...
  
  , American photographer whose picture of the raising of the American flag at Iwo Jima became an iconic image of World War II; in Washington DC (d. 2006)
• Died: Jasper Newton Daniel, 65, Tennessee distiller better known as Jack Daniel
  Jack Daniel
  Jasper Newton "Jack" Daniel was an American distiller and the founder of Jack Daniel's Tennessee whiskey distillery.-Biography:...
  
  , from gangrene, six years after breaking his toe while kicking a safe in his office. His name remains famous for Jack Daniel's
  Jack Daniel's
  Jack Daniel's is a brand of sour mash Tennessee whiskey that is among the world's best-selling liquors. It is known for its square bottles and black label. As of November, 2007, one blogger was claiming that it was the best-selling whiskey in the world. It is produced in Lynchburg, Tennessee by...
  
   whiskey, produced in his hometown of Lynchburg, Tennessee
  Lynchburg, Tennessee
  Lynchburg is a city in the south-central region of the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is governed by a consolidated city-county government unit whose boundaries coincide with those of Moore County. Lynchburg is best known as the location of the Jack Daniel's distillery, whose famous whiskey is...
  
  .

October 10, 1911 (Tuesday)

• Robert L. Borden was sworn in as the new Prime Minister of Canada
  Prime Minister of Canada
  The Prime Minister of Canada is the primary minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus head of government for Canada, charged with advising the Canadian monarch or viceroy on the exercise of the executive powers vested in them by the constitution...
  
  , along with the rest of his cabinet, as the last official act of outgoing Governor-General Earl Grey.
• Voters in California
  California
  California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...
  
   approved initiatives, referenda and recall by overwhelming majorities, and women's suffrage by a slight majority. Initiatives approved 168,744 to 52,093; recall by 178,115 to 53,755 California was the 10th state to enact initiative and referendum—South Dakota had been the first, in 1898
• Using captured lists of revolutionaries, Hubei Province Governor-General Jui-ch'eng (Rui Cheng) sent military police to arrest and execute three conspirators within the Chinese army. Sergeant Hsing Ping-k'un (Xiong Bingkun),(8th Engineering Battalion of the 8th Regiment) though not on the list, was confronted by officers and fired the first shots, persuading his men to mutiny and seizing the Chuwangtai Arsenal. General Li Yuanhong
  Li Yuanhong
  Li Yuanhong was a Chinese general and political figure during the Qing dynasty and the republican era. He was twice president of the Republic of China.- Early history :...
  
   then took charge of the brigade. The Governor-General fled, and the local Manchu commander, Zhang Biao, ordered his troops to retreat, leaving the mutineers in control of a complete arsenal and the provinical treasury, and the revolution spread to other provinces.

October 11, 1911 (Wednesday)

• The Italian expeditionary force, commanded by General Carlo Caneva
  Carlo Caneva
  Carlo Caneva was an Italian general, most notable as chief of staff during the Libyan campaign of the Italo-Turkish War.-Life:...
  
  , arrived at Tripoli.
• Annie Jump Cannon
  Annie Jump Cannon
  Annie Jump Cannon was an American astronomer whose cataloging work was instrumental in the development of contemporary stellar classification. With Edward C...
  
   began the Harvard University classification of stars
  Stellar classification
  In astronomy, stellar classification is a classification of stars based on their spectral characteristics. The spectral class of a star is a designated class of a star describing the ionization of its chromosphere, what atomic excitations are most prominent in the light, giving an objective measure...
  
  . Within less than four years, she completed the task of compiling the data on 225,300 stars and identifying them under the spectral classes O, B, A, F, G, K and M.
• Died: Miguel Malvar
  Miguel Malvar
  Miguel Malvar y Carpio was a Filipino commander who served during the Philippine Revolution and subsequently during the Philippine–American War. He assumed command of the Philippine revolutionary forces during the latter conflict following the capture of Emilio Aguinaldo in 1901...
  
  , 46, the last insurgent to surrender in the Philippine-American War (in April 1902)

October 12, 1911 (Thursday)

• Two days after revolutionaries captured Wuchang, the Hubei provincial assembly voted to secede from the Chinese Empire and to form a republic, and Colonel Li Yuanhong
  Li Yuanhong
  Li Yuanhong was a Chinese general and political figure during the Qing dynasty and the republican era. He was twice president of the Republic of China.- Early history :...
  
   announced the overthrow of the Qing dynasty. The cities of Hangkow and Hanyang were occupied by the rebels without incident.
• The Society of American Indians
  Society of American Indians
  The Society of American Indians was a progressive group formed in Columbus, Ohio in 1911 by 50 Native Americans, most of them middle-class professional men and women. It was established to address the problems facing Native Americans, such as ways to improve health, education, civil rights, and...
  
   held its organizing convention, at a hotel in Columbus, Ohio.
• Et Voila!, the first " cubist
  Cubism
  Cubism was a 20th century avant-garde art movement, pioneered by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, and inspired related movements in music, literature and architecture...
  
   musical", premiered in Paris at the Theatre des Capucines, with M. Armand Berthez wearing a special suit of "overlapping polygons".

October 13, 1911 (Friday)

• Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn
  Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn
  Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn was a member of the shared British and Saxe-Coburg and Gotha royal family who served as the Governor General of Canada, the 10th since Canadian Confederation.Born the seventh child and third son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and...
  
  , was sworn in as the new Governor-General of Canada at the Parliament House in Ottawa, serving until 1916. Never before had a royal prince been commissioned as a Governor-General of any British dominion. Arthur was the son of Queen Victoria, and the uncle of the reigning British monarch, King George V, in whose name he governed Canada.
• Ford Motor Company, Ltd., opened its first factory in the United Kingdom, at Trafford Park
  Trafford Park
  Trafford Park is an area of the Metropolitan Borough of Trafford, in Greater Manchester, England. Located opposite Salford Quays, on the southern side of the Manchester Ship Canal, it is west-southwest of Manchester city centre, and north of Stretford. Until the late 19th century it was the...
  
  .
• A company of 27 U.S. Marines and 23 U.S. Navy sailors landed at Hankou
  Hankou
  Hankou was one of the three cities whose merging formed modern-day Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei province, China. It stands north of the Han and Yangtze Rivers where the Han falls into the Yangtze...
  
  , after being brought by the gunboat USS Helena
  USS Helena (PG-9)
  USS Helena was a gunboat of the United States Navy that participated in the Spanish-American War and was later stationed in the Far East for many years....
  
  , to protect the property and employees of the Standard Oil company.
• Imperial China
  China
  Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
  
  's Minister of War, Prince Yin-chang, secretly requested the assistance of Japan in putting down the nationalist rebellion.

October 14, 1911 (Saturday)

• Hans Schmidt became the 100th person to lose his life in an airplane crash since the Wright Brothers made the first flight in 1903. Schmidt was stunt-flying in Bern, Switzerland
  Switzerland
  Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
  
  , when the plane's engine exploded at an altitude of 150 feet. Earlier in the day, Rene Level was killed at Rheims. Another four people had been killed on the ground by errant airplane flights.
• Emma Albani
  Emma Albani
  Dame Emma Albani DBE was a leading soprano of the 19th century and early 20th century, and the first Canadian singer to become an international star. Her repertoire focused on the operas of Mozart, Rossini, Donizetti, Bellini and Wagner...
  
  , at the time one of the world's most popular opera singers, gave her farewell performance at Albert Hall in London, singing Paolo Tosti's aria Goodbye
• A memorable demonstration at Purdue University
  Purdue University
  Purdue University, located in West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S., is the flagship university of the six-campus Purdue University system. Purdue was founded on May 6, 1869, as a land-grant university when the Indiana General Assembly, taking advantage of the Morrill Act, accepted a donation of land and...
  
   of modern farm equipment shattered records as spectators watched a set of three tractors plow an acre of land in 4 minutes and 15 seconds. Word of the event prompted a followup on October 20, and sales of farm machinery skyrocketed.
• President Taft broke ground for the Panama-Pacific International Exposition in San Francisco.
• The Italian superdreadnought Leonardo da Vinci
  Italian battleship Leonardo da Vinci
  Leonardo da Vinci was a Conte di Cavour class battleship of the Regia Marina . She was 170 metres long, small for a battleship. Her twenty boilers and four shafts generated 24MW and gave a top speed of 11 m/s . She was crewed by about 1,000 men.Leonardo da Vinci was built between 18 July 1910...
  
   was launched at Genoa, followed the next day by the battleship Giulio Cesare
  Italian battleship Giulio Cesare
  Giulio Cesare , motto Caesar Adest was a Conte di Cavour-class battleship that served in the Regia Marina in both World Wars before joining the Soviet Navy as the Novorossiysk. Her keel was laid down on 24 June 1910 at Cantieri Ansaldo, Genoa...
  
   (named for Julius Caesar
  Julius Caesar
  Gaius Julius Caesar was a Roman general and statesman and a distinguished writer of Latin prose. He played a critical role in the gradual transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire....
  
  ).
• The American Society of Safety Engineers
  American Society of Safety Engineers
  Founded in 1911, the American Society of Safety Engineers is the oldest safety society and is committed to protecting people, property and the environment. Its more than 33,000 occupational safety, health and environmental professional members manage, supervise, research and consult on safety,...
  
   was founded, originally called the United Society of Casualty Inspectors.
• Born: Le Duc Tho
  Le Duc Tho
  Lê Đức Thọ , born Phan Đình Khải in Ha Nam province, was a Vietnamese revolutionary, general, diplomat, and politician, who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize jointly with United States Secretary of State Henry Kissinger in 1973, although he declined it....
  
  , North Vietnamese chief negotiator in peace talks with the United States; Nobel Prize winner (d. 1990)
• Died: John Marshall Harlan
  John Marshall Harlan
  John Marshall Harlan was a Kentucky lawyer and politician who served as an associate justice on the Supreme Court. He is most notable as the lone dissenter in the Civil Rights Cases , and Plessy v...
  
  , 78, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, five days after hearing his final case. Harlan's death gave President Taft created the fifth vacancy on the nation's highest court in less than three years, giving President Taft the unprecedented opportunity to have appointed a majority of its members.

October 15, 1911 (Sunday)

• Government troops, led by General Figueroa, killed 500 "Zapatistas" in a battle near the village of Tepoztlán
  Tepoztlán
  Tepoztlán is a town in the Mexican state of Morelos. It is located at in the heart of the Tepoztlán Valley. The town serves as the seat of government for the municipality of the same name. The town had a population of 14,130 inhabitants, while the municipality reported 41,629 inhabitants in the...
  
  , but Emilio Zapata escaped.

October 16, 1911 (Monday)

• A railroad watchman discovered 39 sticks of dynamite and a long fuse that had been placed below a railroad viaduct near Gaviota, California
  Gaviota, California
  Gaviota is an unincorporated town in Santa Barbara County, California located about west of Santa Barbara and south of Buellton. Approximately 35 people live in and near Gaviota. The ZIP Code is 93117, and the community is inside area code 805....
  
  , west of Santa Barbara, a few hours before President Taft's train was to pass over it. Abe Jenkins, employed by the Southern Pacific Railroad, chased away two men from beneath the bridge, then searched and found the explosives. Taft's railroad car, on its way from San Francisco to Los Angeles, passed over the bridge as the Santa Barbara Sheriff's Department stood guard.
• The National Urban League
  National Urban League
  The National Urban League , formerly known as the National League on Urban Conditions Among Negroes, is a nonpartisan civil rights organization based in New York City that advocates on behalf of African Americans and against racial discrimination in the United States. It is the oldest and largest...
  
   was created by the merger of three African-American service organizations, with George E. Haynes as its first president. It was called the National League on Urban Conditions Among Negroes (NLUCAN) until 1920.
• In the first meeting of the Progressive Republican Party
  Progressive Party (United States, 1912)
  The Progressive Party of 1912 was an American political party. It was formed after a split in the Republican Party between President William Howard Taft and former President Theodore Roosevelt....
  
  , 200 Republicans, who were dissatisfied with the performance of Republican President Taft, met in Chicago and endorsed U.S. Senator Robert La Follette
  Robert M. La Follette, Sr.
  Robert Marion "Fighting Bob" La Follette, Sr. , was an American Republican politician. He served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, was the Governor of Wisconsin, and was also a U.S. Senator from Wisconsin...
  
   for President.

October 17, 1911 (Tuesday)

• Two months after the death of his father, 25 year old Osman Ali Khan ascended the throne of the Nizam of Hyderabad.
• A mob in Hangkow attacked soldiers landed there by German warships.
• Results of 1911 census revealed Canada's population to be 7,081,869 (with 70,000 left of four uncounted districts), an increase of more than one-third since the 1901 census (5,371,315), but a million people less than had been expected.

October 18, 1911 (Wednesday)

• The Return of Peter Grimm, starring David Warfield
  David Warfield
  David Warfield was an American stage actor, born in San Francisco, California. His first connection with the theatre was as an usher. He made his first stage appearance in 1888 in The Ticket-of-Leave Man. Two years later he went to New York City, where he appeared at the Casino Theatre and at...
  
  , was presented for the first time, at the Belasco Theatre
  Belasco Theatre
  The Belasco Theatre is a legitimate Broadway theatre located at 111 West 44th Street in midtown-Manhattan.-History:Designed by architect George Keister for impresario David Belasco, the interior featured Tiffany lighting and ceiling panels, rich woodwork and expansive murals by American artist...
  
   on Broadway.
• Born: Victor Perez
  Victor Perez
  Victor "Young" Perez was a Sephardic Jew born in French Tunisia, who became the World Flyweight Champion in 1931 and 1932. He was born to Khmaïssa Perez a household goods salesman and Khaïlou René Perez. He was raised along with his four siblings in Dar-El Berdgana, the Jewish quarter of Tunis...
  
  , French Tunisian Jewish boxer who was the world flyweight champion 1931-32; in Tunis
  Tunis
  Tunis is the capital of both the Tunisian Republic and the Tunis Governorate. It is Tunisia's largest city, with a population of 728,453 as of 2004; the greater metropolitan area holds some 2,412,500 inhabitants....
  
  . Perez would die after being sent to the Nazi concentration camp at Auschwitz in 1945
• Died: Alfred Binet
  Alfred Binet
  Alfred Binet was a French psychologist who was the inventor of the first usable intelligence test, known at that time as the Binet test and today referred to as the IQ test. His principal goal was to identify students who needed special help in coping with the school curriculum...
  
  , 54, French psychologist and the inventor of the first reliable intelligence test, now referred to as the Stanford–Binet Intelligence Scales

October 19, 1911 (Thursday)

• At 9:30 in the morning, Roald Amundsen
  Roald Amundsen
  Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen was a Norwegian explorer of polar regions. He led the first Antarctic expedition to reach the South Pole between 1910 and 1912 and he was the first person to reach both the North and South Poles. He is also known as the first to traverse the Northwest Passage....
  
   set off for the South Pole
  South Pole
  The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is one of the two points where the Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface. It is the southernmost point on the surface of the Earth and lies on the opposite side of the Earth from the North Pole...
  
   along with four other members of the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition (Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, Olav Bjaarland, Oscar Wistlng) and 54 dogs, starting nearly two weeks sooner than the rival British expedition led by Robert Falcon Scott
  Robert Falcon Scott
  Captain Robert Falcon Scott, CVO was a Royal Navy officer and explorer who led two expeditions to the Antarctic regions: the Discovery Expedition, 1901–04, and the ill-fated Terra Nova Expedition, 1910–13...
  
  .
• Game Four of the 1911 World Series
  1911 World Series
  -Game 1:Saturday, October 14, 1911 at Polo Grounds in Manhattan, New York-Game 2:Monday, October 16, 1911 at Shibe Park in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania-Game 3:Tuesday, October 17, 1911 at Polo Grounds in Manhattan, New York-Game 4:...
  
   was rained out, with the Philadelphia Athletics having a 2 game to 1 advantage over the New York Giants. "Teams Benefited by Rest Yesterday", The Pittsburgh Press, October 19, 1911, p18 The game was postponed five times before being played on October 24. The delay set a record that would not be broken until 1989 when the World Series—between the Athletics and Giants, who had moved to Oakland and San Francisco respectively—was delayed for twelve days by the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.
• Died: Eugene Ely, who had been the first person to take off from a ship in an airplane (on November 14, 1910
  November 1910
  January – February – March – April – May – June – July -August – September – October – November – DecemberThe following events occurred in November 1910:-November 1, 1910 :...
  
  ) and later the first person to land an airplane on a ship January 18, 1911
  January 1911
  January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - DecemberThe following events occurred in January 1911:-January 1, 1911 :...
  
  , was killed while performing stunt flying at the county fair in Macon, Georgia
  Macon, Georgia
  Macon is a city located in central Georgia, US. Founded at the fall line of the Ocmulgee River, it is part of the Macon metropolitan area, and the county seat of Bibb County. A small portion of the city extends into Jones County. Macon is the biggest city in central Georgia...
  
  .

October 20, 1911 (Friday)

• Terauchi Masatake
  Terauchi Masatake
  , GCB was a Japanese military officer and politician. He was a Field Marshal in the Imperial Japanese Army and the 18th Prime Minister of Japan from 9 October 1916 to 29 September 1918.-Early period:...
  
  , the Japanese Governor-General of Korea
  Governor-General of Korea
  The post of Japanese Governor-General of Korea served as the chief administrator of the Japanese government in Korea while it was held as the Japanese colony of Chōsen from 1910 to 1945...
  
  , issued the "Regulations for Private Schools",
• Twelve iron miners were killed at Hibernia, New Jersey
  Hibernia, New Jersey
  Hibernia is an unincorporated area within Rockaway Township in Morris County, New Jersey, United States. The area is served as United States Postal Service ZIP code 07842....
  
   when blasting at the Wharton Steel Company cracked a retaining wall drowning 12 of 60 miners in a 1,400 foot deep pit.

October 21, 1911 (Saturday)

• Archduke Charles, second in succession to the Austrian-Hungarian throne (after his uncle, Franz Ferdinand
  Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria
  Franz Ferdinand was an Archduke of Austria-Este, Austro-Hungarian and Royal Prince of Hungary and of Bohemia, and from 1889 until his death, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne. His assassination in Sarajevo precipitated Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia...
  
  ), married Zita of Bourbon-Parma
  Zita of Bourbon-Parma
  Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma was the wife of Emperor Charles of Austria...
  
   at the Castle at Shwarzau, becoming next in line after Franz Ferdinand renounced the throne
• Twelve-year old Martha Frazier, who worked as a lion tamer at her family's traveling circus, was fatally injured by a lion before thousands of spectators at a performance in Utica, Mississippi
  Utica, Mississippi
  Utica is a town in Hinds County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 966 at the 2000 census. It is the location of the URJ Henry S...
  
  . She died two days later.
• The Imperial government of China
  China
  Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
  
   contracted to purchase $15,000,000 worth of supplies from the United States Navy
  United States Navy
  The United States Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States. The U.S. Navy is the largest in the world; its battle fleet tonnage is greater than that of the next 13 largest navies combined. The U.S...
  
   in order to fight the revolution there, although the government would fall before the aid could be provided.

October 22, 1911 (Sunday)

• The Chinese National Assembly was opened, as scheduled, for its second session in Beijing, as the revolution continued in Southern China.
• The Greek steamer Georgios wrecked at entrance of Gironde estuary at Rochefort, France, drowning 15 members of its crew.

October 23, 1911 (Monday)

• Captain Carlo Piazza of the Italian Army became the first person to perform aerial reconnaissance
  Aerial reconnaissance
  Aerial reconnaissance is reconnaissance that is conducted using unmanned aerial vehicles or reconnaissance aircraft. Their roles are to collect imagery intelligence, signals intelligence and measurement and signature intelligence...
  
   in wartime, taking off from Tripoli at 6:19 am, for reconnaissance, then flying to ‘Aziziya to observe the maneuvers of Turkish troops in Libya. He returned at 7:20 with his report.
• In the Battle of Al-Hani, outside of Tripoli, more than 300 Italian soldiers were killed as the Turkish and Arabian troops retook the city. The Italians, under General Caneva, retaliated with atrocities against the Arab population, killing 4,000 men, women and children over the next three days. The Libyan triumph is commemorated by a monument at the site.
• Winston Churchill
  Winston Churchill
  Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, was a predominantly Conservative British politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest wartime leaders of the century and served as Prime Minister twice...
  
   and Reginald McKenna
  Reginald McKenna
  Reginald McKenna was a British banker and Liberal politician. He notably served as Home Secretary and Chancellor of the Exchequer during the premiership of H. H. Asquith.-Background and education:...
  
   traded posts within the British cabinet, with Churchill becoming the First Lord of the Admiralty, and Mr. McKenna Home Secretary
  Home Secretary
  The Secretary of State for the Home Department, commonly known as the Home Secretary, is the minister in charge of the Home Office of the United Kingdom, and one of the country's four Great Offices of State...
  
  .
• Karadorde, the first feature film produced in Yugoslavia, had its première in Belgrade. Directed by Svetozar Botoric, the motion picture about the 1804 uprising
  First Serbian Uprising
  The First Serbian Uprising was the first stage of the Serbian Revolution , the successful wars of independence that lasted for 9 years and approximately 9 months , during which Serbia perceived itself as an independent state for the first time after more than three centuries of Ottoman rule and...
  
   led by Karađorđe Petrović against the Turks, was eventually sent to the Austro-Hungarian film archive and then misplaced for 90 years. It would be rediscovered in 2003, and the restored version was a hit for a new generation.
• In an early form of cable entertainment that predated radio, The Telephone Herald, a service inspired by the Hungarian Telefon Hirmondo, made its debut in Newark, New Jersey
  Newark, New Jersey
  Newark is the largest city in the American state of New Jersey, and the seat of Essex County. As of the 2010 United States Census, Newark had a population of 277,140, maintaining its status as the largest municipality in New Jersey. It is the 68th largest city in the U.S...
  
  . For a monthly fee, households subscribing to the service could listen to a schedule of programming over their telephones.
• Died: William Onslow, 4th Earl of Onslow
  William Onslow, 4th Earl of Onslow
  William Hillier Onslow, 4th Earl of Onslow GCMG, PC was a British Conservative politician. He held several governmental positions between 1880 and 1905 and was also Governor of New Zealand between 1889 and 1892....
  
  , 58, Deputy Speaker of the British House of Lords
  House of Lords
  The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster....
  
   and one time Colonial Governor of New Zealand (1889–1892)

October 24, 1911 (Tuesday)

• Going aloft during a 50 mile per hour gale, Orville Wright set a gliding record of 9 minutes and 40 seconds at the Outer Banks
  Outer Banks
  The Outer Banks is a 200-mile long string of narrow barrier islands off the coast of North Carolina, beginning in the southeastern corner of Virginia Beach on the east coast of the United States....
  
  , at an altitude of 150 feet. The mark stood until the 1970s, when hang gliding increased time in the air.
• The advance team for Robert Falcon Scott
  Robert Falcon Scott
  Captain Robert Falcon Scott, CVO was a Royal Navy officer and explorer who led two expeditions to the Antarctic regions: the Discovery Expedition, 1901–04, and the ill-fated Terra Nova Expedition, 1910–13...
  
  's British Antarctic Expedition — Bernard Day, Tom Lashly, F.J. Hooper and Teddy Evans — set off with food and supplies at 10:30 from Cape Evans. Scott and his party set off on November 1.
• Born: Clarence M. Kelley
  Clarence M. Kelley
  Clarence M. Kelley was a public servant who served as the 2nd Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation....
  
  , FBI Director 1973-1978, in Kansas City, Missouri
  Kansas City, Missouri
  Kansas City, Missouri is the largest city in the U.S. state of Missouri and is the anchor city of the Kansas City Metropolitan Area, the second largest metropolitan area in Missouri. It encompasses in parts of Jackson, Clay, Cass, and Platte counties...
  
   (d. 1997); Sonny Terry
  Sonny Terry
  Saunders Terrell, better known as Sonny Terry was a blind American Piedmont blues musician. He was widely known for his energetic blues harmonica style, which frequently included vocal whoops and hollers, and imitations of trains and fox hunts.-Career:Terry was born in Greensboro, Georgia...
  
  , blind American blues harmonica player, as Saunders Terrell in Greensboro, Georgia
  Greensboro, Georgia
  Greensboro is a town in Greene County, Georgia, United States. Its population was 3,238 at the time of the 2000 U.S. census. This town is the county seat of Greene County.-Geography:Greensboro is located at .According to the U.S...
  
  
• Died: Ida Lewis
  Ida Lewis (lighthouse keeper)
  Idawalley Zorada Lewis was an American lighthouse keeper noted for her heroism.-Biography:...
  
  , 69, nationally famous lighthouse keeper who saved 18 people during her lifetime

October 25, 1911 (Wednesday)

• General Feng Sen, newly appointed as the Military Governor of Canton (now Guangzhou
  Guangzhou
  Guangzhou , known historically as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of the Guangdong province in the People's Republic of China. Located in southern China on the Pearl River, about north-northwest of Hong Kong, Guangzhou is a key national transportation hub and trading port...
  
  ) was assassinated upon his arrival. General Feng and his wife had arrived on a steamboat and were walking across the gangplank, when a bomb was thrown from a rooftop overlooking the wharf.
• Born: Mikhail Yangel
  Mikhail Yangel
  Mikhail Kuzmich Yangel , was a leading missile designer in the Soviet Union....
  
  , Soviet missile designer (d. 1971)

October 26, 1911 (Thursday)

• The Philadelphia Athletics defeated the New York Giants, 13-2, to win the World Series
  1911 World Series
  -Game 1:Saturday, October 14, 1911 at Polo Grounds in Manhattan, New York-Game 2:Monday, October 16, 1911 at Shibe Park in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania-Game 3:Tuesday, October 17, 1911 at Polo Grounds in Manhattan, New York-Game 4:...
  
   in 6 games. The game was tied 1-1 after three innings, but with four runs in the fourth, and seven innings in the seventh, the A's demolished the Giants. The most unusual play of the game was an inside-the-park home run
  Inside-the-park home run
  In baseball parlance, an inside-the-park home run, "leg home run", or "quadruple", is a play where a batter hits a home run without hitting the ball out of play.-Discussion:...
  
   made by the A's Jack Barry
  Jack Barry (baseball)
  John Joseph "Jack" Barry was an American shortstop, second baseman, and manager in Major League Baseball, and later a college baseball coach...
  
  , on a bunt.
• At Hankou
  Hankou
  Hankou was one of the three cities whose merging formed modern-day Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei province, China. It stands north of the Han and Yangtze Rivers where the Han falls into the Yangtze...
  
  , Li Huan-hung (Li Yuan Hung) proclaimed that he was President of the Republic of China.
• Captain Ricardo Moizo, flying a Nieuport, became the first pilot to have his plane hist in combat, with three bullet holes in the wing while flying over an encampment of 6,000 men
• The Bolsheokhtinsky Bridge over the Neva River
  Neva River
  The Neva is a river in northwestern Russia flowing from Lake Ladoga through the western part of Leningrad Oblast to the Neva Bay of the Gulf of Finland. Despite its modest length , it is the third largest river in Europe in terms of average discharge .The Neva is the only river flowing from Lake...
  
   in Saint Petersburg
  Saint Petersburg
  Saint Petersburg is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea...
  
   was opened to traffic.
• China's first Civil Code was delivered to the Imperial court.
• The U.S. Department of Justice began antitrust proceedings against United States Steel, in federal court in New Jersey. That court would rule in U.S. Steel's favor on June 3, 1915.
• Born: Mahalia Jackson
  Mahalia Jackson
  Mahalia Jackson – January 27, 1972) was an African-American gospel singer. Possessing a powerful contralto voice, she was referred to as "The Queen of Gospel"...
  
  , American gospel singer, in New Orleans (d. 1972); Sorley MacLean
  Sorley MacLean
  Sorley MacLean was one of the most significant Scottish poets of the 20th century.-Early life:He was born at Osgaig on the island of Raasay on 26 October 1911, where Scottish Gaelic was the first language. He attended the University of Edinburgh and was an avid shinty player playing for the...
  
  , Scottish poet, on Raasay
  Raasay
  Raasay is an island between the Isle of Skye and the mainland of Scotland. It is separated from Skye by the Sound of Raasay and from Applecross by the Inner Sound. It is most famous for being the birthplace of the poet Sorley MacLean, an important figure in the Scottish literary renaissance...
  
  ; and Shiing-Shen Chern
  Shiing-Shen Chern
  Shiing-Shen Chern was a Chinese American mathematician, one of the leaders in differential geometry of the twentieth century.-Early years in China:...
  
  , Chinese-American mathematician, in Jiaxing
  Jiaxing
  Jiaxing is a prefecture-level city in northern Zhejiang province of Eastern China. Lying on the Grand Canal of China, Jiaxing borders Hangzhou to the southwest, Huzhou to the west, Shanghai to the northeast, and the province of Jiangsu to the north....
  
   (d. 2004)

October 27, 1911 (Friday)

• Yuan Shih-kai was named Commander in Chief of China's armed forces, and attacked Hankow, while sending his negotiator Liu Ch'eng-en to talk to revolutionary leader Li Yuan-hung (October 29).
• A disgruntled employee of the Selig Studios shot and killed director Francis Boggs
  Francis Boggs
  Francis W. Boggs was a stage actor and pioneer silent film director. He was one of the first to direct a film in Hollywood.-Biography:...
  
  , and wounded film mogul William Selig
  William Selig
  William Nicholas Selig was a pioneer of the American motion picture industry.-Biography:Selig was raised in Chicago. He worked as a vaudeville performer and produced a traveling minstrel show in San Francisco while still in his late teens. One of the actors was Bert Williams, who went on to become...
  
  , at the studio headquarters in the Los Angeles suburb of Edendale. Boggs, 41, had persuaded Selig to make the studio the first of many to locate in the Los Angeles area, prior to Hollywood becoming the center of entertainment production.
• The Sichuan Province declared its independence from China.
• Shaker Heights, Ohio
  Shaker Heights, Ohio
  Shaker Heights is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2010 Census, the city population was 28,448. It is an inner-ring streetcar suburb of Cleveland that abuts the city on its eastern side.-Topography:Shaker Heights is located at...
  
   was incorporated as Shaker Village as a planned community created by Oris and Mantis Van Sweringen
• Former U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt
  Theodore Roosevelt
  Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt was the 26th President of the United States . He is noted for his exuberant personality, range of interests and achievements, and his leadership of the Progressive Movement, as well as his "cowboy" persona and robust masculinity...
  
   was outraged after learning that his protege, President Taft, had directed the U.S. Department of Justice filed suit against the United States Steel Company. The antitrust suit alleged, in part, that as President, Roosevelt had been misled into allowing U.S. Steel to acquire Tennessee Coal and Iron in 1907. The timing of the suit, a little more than a year before the presidential election, was later described as "a disastrous political error", leading Roosevelt to run against President Taft.
• Born: Sant Fateh Singh, Sikh religious and political leader (d. 1972)

October 28, 1911 (Saturday)

• At the first legislative session of the Tsu-Cheng Yuan, China's new National Assembly, the delegates demanded three reforms: a cabinet of ministers without Manchu nobility; an amnesty for persons who committed political offenses, and a permanent constitution
• After 40 years in which there had been only one Roman Catholic Cardinal for the entire United States, Pope Pius X
  Pope Pius X
  Pope Saint Pius X , born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, was the 257th Pope of the Catholic Church, serving from 1903 to 1914. He was the first pope since Pope Pius V to be canonized. Pius X rejected modernist interpretations of Catholic doctrine, promoting traditional devotional practices and orthodox...
  
   announced the appointment of three more. Archbishop John Murphy Farley of New York, Archbishop William Henry O'Connell
  William Henry O'Connell
  William Henry O'Connell was an American cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Boston from 1907 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1911.-Early life:...
  
   of Boston and Apostolic Delegate Diomede Falconio
  Diomede Falconio
  Diomede Angelo Raffaele Gennaro Falconio, OFM was an Italian Cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as Prefect of the Congregation for Religious from 1916 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1911.-Biography:Diomede Falconio was born in Pescocostanzo as one of the five...
  
  , who had become a naturalized citizen joined Archbishop James Gibbons of Baltimore.

October 29, 1911 (Sunday)

• Died: Joseph Pulitzer
  Joseph Pulitzer
  Joseph Pulitzer April 10, 1847 – October 29, 1911), born Politzer József, was a Hungarian-American newspaper publisher of the St. Louis Post Dispatch and the New York World. Pulitzer introduced the techniques of "new journalism" to the newspapers he acquired in the 1880s and became a leading...
  
  , 64, American newspaper publisher. His will created the Columbia School of Journalism and the Pulitzer Prize.

October 30, 1911 (Monday)

• In the name of the five-year old Emperor, Pu Yi, China's Imperial government acknowledged errors and promised quick and complete reforms in two edicts. The National Assembly was authorized to draft a constitution, which it did within four days.

October 31, 1911 (Tuesday)

• Writing for The New York Evening Mail, sportswriter Grantland Rice
  Grantland Rice
  Grantland Rice was an early 20th century American sportswriter known for his elegant prose. His writing was published in newspapers around the country and broadcast on the radio.-Biography:...
  
   gave his column the name "The Sportlight" (suggested by Franklin P. Adams), which it would retain for the rest of Rice's days as he moved to the New York Tribune and then into national syndication, until his death on July 13, 1954.
• Died: J.J. Montgomery, 55, American aeronautical engineer, in a plane crash