Elections by country gives information on election

Election

An election is a formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy operates since the 17th century. Elections may fill offices in the legislature, sometimes in the...

s. For each de jure

De jure

De jure is an expression that means "concerning law", as contrasted with de facto, which means "concerning fact".De jure = 'Legally', De facto = 'In fact'....

and de facto

De facto

De facto is a Latin expression that means "concerning fact." In law, it often means "in practice but not necessarily ordained by law" or "in practice or actuality, but not officially established." It is commonly used in contrast to de jure when referring to matters of law, governance, or...

sovereign state and dependent territory an article on elections in that entity has been included and information on the way the head of state and the parliament or legislature is elected. The articles include the results of the elections. For a chronological order, see the electoral calendar.

A

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Afghanistan Elections in Afghanistan This article gives information on elections in Afghanistan.Though Afghanistan has had democratic elections throughout the 20th century, the election institutions have varied as changes in regimes have disrupted political continuity...	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election and appointments
	Åland Elections in Åland Elections in Åland gives information on election and election results in Åland.Åland elects on a regional level a legislature. The diet has 30 members, elected for a four year term by proportional representation....		Direct election
	Albania Elections in Albania Albania holds elections on a national level for a legislature. The Assembly of Albania has 140 members elected for four-year terms. The electoral system is closed list proportional representation. There are 12 multi-member constituencies corresponding to the country's 12 administrative regions...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Algeria Elections in Algeria Algeria elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people. People's National Assembly has 380 members, elected for a five year term in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation...	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election and appointments
	American Samoa Elections in American Samoa Elections in American Samoa gives information on election and election results in American Samoa. American Samoa elects on territorial level the governor and a legislature. The governor is elected for a four year term by the people. The Legislature or Fono has two chambers...		Direct election	Election by chiefs
	Andorra Elections in Andorra Elections in Andorra gives information on election and election results in Andorra.Andorra elects on national level a legislature. The General Council has 28 members, elected for a four year term, 14 in two-seat constituencies and 14 by proportional representation.Andorra has a multi-party...	Ex officio	Direct election
	Angola Elections in Angola According to the constitution of 1991, Angola elected on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president was elected by the people for a five-year term , by absolute majority - and if no candidate reached absolute majority, there had to be a second turn, with...	Direct election	Direct election
	Anguilla Elections in Anguilla Elections in Anguilla gives information on election and election results in Anguilla.Anguilla elects on territorial level a legislature. The House of Assembly has 11 members, 7 members elected for a five year term in single-seat constituencies, 2 ex officio members and 2 nominated members.Anguilla...		Direct election
	Antigua and Barbuda Elections in Antigua and Barbuda Elections in Antigua and Barbuda take place in the framework of a parliamentary democracy.-Electoral system:The country's electoral law was passed on 31 October 1975 and was last amended in 2002. Elections are overseen by the Office of the Supervisor of Elections and an Electoral Commission, which...	Monarchy	Direct election	Appointments
	Argentina Elections in Argentina This articles gives information on voting, elections and election results in Argentina. For details about government institutions and political parties, see Politics of Argentina....	Direct election	Direct election
	Armenia Elections in Armenia Elections in Armenia gives information on election and election results in Armenia.Armenia elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five-year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Aruba Elections in Aruba Elections in Aruba gives information on election and election results in Aruba.Aruba elects on national level a legislature. The Estates have 21 members, elected for a four year term by proportional representation....	Monarchy	Direct election
	Australia Elections in Australia Australia elects a legislature the Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia using various electoral systems: see Australian electoral system. The Parliament consists of two chambers:...	Monarchy	Direct election	Direct election
	Austria Elections in Austria This article provides information on elections and election results in Austria.On a federal level, there are two main elections: for head of state every six years, and for the...	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election
	Azerbaijan Elections in Azerbaijan Elections in Azerbaijan gives information on election and election results in Azerbaijan.Azerbaijan elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people; before a referendum changed this in 2009, the position was...	Direct election	Direct election

B

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Bahamas	Monarchy	Direct election	Appointments
	Bahrain Elections in Bahrain The National Assembly is bicameral with the lower house, the Chamber of Deputies, having 40 members elected in single-seat constituencies for a four year term. The upper house, the Shura Council, has 40 members appointed by the King of Bahrain, with the stated aim of giving a voice to minority...	Monarchy	Direct election	Appointments
	Bangladesh Elections in Bangladesh Elections in Bangladesh gives information on election and election results in Bangladesh.Bangladesh elects on national level a legislature with one house or chamber...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Barbados Elections in Barbados Elections in Barbados is the process of conducting general elections and formulating election results in Barbados. An election is a process in which a vote is held to democratically elect national candidates to an office. In the case of Barbados, it is the mechanism by which the electors choose...	Monarchy	Direct election	Appointments
	Belarus Elections in Belarus Belarus elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people. The National Assembly has two chambers...	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election and appointments
	Belgium Elections in Belgium Elections in Belgium gives information on election and election results in Belgium.Belgium elects its bicameral federal legislature, the Federal Parliament Elections in Belgium gives information on election and election results in Belgium.Belgium elects its bicameral federal legislature, the...	Monarchy	Direct election	Direct and indirect election
	Belize Elections in Belize Elections in Belize are the duly held elections held at various levels of government in the nation of Belize.- The Legislature :Dissolving the National Assembly is the prerogative of the Governor General of Belize, currently Sir Colville Young...	Monarchy	Direct election	Appointments
	Benin Elections in Benin Benin elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people. The National Assembly has 83 members, elected for a four year term by proportional representation.Benin has a multi-party system, which means that there...	Direct election	Direct election
	Bermuda Elections in Bermuda Elections in Bermuda have been taking place since 1968. Bermuda elects on territorial level a legislature. Parliament has two chambers. The House of Assembly has 36 members, elected for a five year term in single seat constituencies...		Direct election	Appointments
	Bhutan Elections in Bhutan Elections in Bhutan are conducted at national and local levels. Suffrage is universal for citizens 18 and over, and under applicable election laws...	Monarchy	Direct election	Direct election and appointments
	Bolivia Elections in Bolivia Elections in Bolivia gives information on elections and election results in Bolivia.Bolivia elects on national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. The president and the vice-president are elected for a five-year term by the people or parliament . The National...	Direct election	Direct election	Direct election
	Bosnia and Herzegovina Elections in Bosnia and Herzegovina Elections in Bosnia and Herzegovina gives information on elections and election results in Bosnia and Herzegovina.Bosnia and Herzegovina elects on national level the rotating presidency and a legislature....	Collective presidency	Direct election	Indirect election
	Botswana Elections in Botswana Elections in Botswana have been held regularly since independence, and have been consistently judged free and fair by international observers....	Election by parliament	Direct election	Hereditary and appointments
	Brazil Elections in Brazil Brazil elects on the national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. The president is elected to a four-year term by the people. The National Congress has two chambers. The Chamber of Deputies has 513 members, elected to a four-year term by proportional...	Direct election	Direct election	Direct election
	British Virgin Islands Elections in the British Virgin Islands Elections in the British Virgin Islands gives information on election and election results in the British Virgin Islands.The British Virgin Islands elects on territorial level a unicameral legislature...		Direct election
	Brunei	Monarchy	Appointments
	Bulgaria Elections in Bulgaria Elections in Bulgaria gives information on election and election results in Bulgaria.Bulgaria elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Burkina Faso Elections in Burkina Faso Elections in Burkina Faso gives information on election and election results in Burkina Faso.Burkina Faso elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Burundi Elections in Burundi Elections in Burundi gives information on election and election results in Burundi.Burundi elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The National Assembly has 118 members, elected for a five year term by proportional representation with a 2% barrier...	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election

C

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Cambodia Elections in Cambodia Cambodia elects on national level a legislature. Parliament has two chambers.The National Assembly of Cambodia has 123 members, elected for a five year term by proportional representation...	Monarchy	Direct election
	Cameroon Elections in Cameroon Elections in Cameroon gives information on election and election results in Cameroon.Cameroon elects, on a national level, a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a seven year term by the people; a two-term limit on the office was removed through a...	Direct election	Direct election
	Canada Elections in Canada Canada holds elections for several levels of government: nationally , provincially and territorially, and municipally. Elections are also held for self governing First Nations and for many other public and private organizations including corporations and trade unions...	Monarchy	Direct election	Appointments
	Cape Verde Elections in Cape Verde Elections in Cape Verde gives information on election and election results in Cape Verde. An election is a process in which a vote is held to elect candidates to an office...	Direct election	Direct election
	Cayman Islands Elections in the Cayman Islands Elections in the Cayman Islands gives information on election and election results in the Cayman Islands. An election is a process in which a vote is held to elect candidates to an office...	Monarchy	Direct election
	Central African Republic Elections in the Central African Republic Elections in the Central African Republic gives information on election and election results in the Central African Republic.The Central African Republic elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five-year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Chad Elections in Chad Elections in Chad gives information on election and election results in Chad.Chad elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Chile Elections in Chile Chile holds nationwide presidential, parliamentary and municipal elections.The electoral process is supervised by the Electoral Service , which is independent from the government...	Direct election	Direct election	Direct election
	People's Republic of China Elections in the People's Republic of China Elections in the People's Republic of China take two forms. Direct elections occur for village councils in designated rural areas, and for the local People's Congress in all areas. All other levels of the People's Congress up to the National People's Congress, the national legislature, are...	Election by parliament	Indirect election
	Colombia Elections in Colombia Elections in Colombia are regulated and controlled by the National Electoral Council which also gives information on elections and election results in for the politics of Colombia....	Direct election	Direct election	Direct election
	Comoros Elections in Comoros Elections in Comoros gives information on election and election results in Comoros.Comoros elects on federal level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a four year term by the people. The federal presidency is to take it in turns between the three islands...	Direct election	Indirect election
	Congo (Brazzaville)	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election
	Congo (Kinshasa) Elections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Multi-party elections in the DR Congo were held in July 2006, the first multi-party elections in the country since 1960.The 1960 elections, held in the wake of independence, saw Patrice Lumumba become prime minister and Joseph Kasavubu president. In 1965 Mobutu Sese Seko seized power and declared...	Direct election	Direct election
	Cook Islands Elections in the Cook Islands Elections in the Cook Islands gives information on election and election results in the Cook Islands.The Cook Islands elects on national level a legislature. The Parliament of the Cook Islands has 24 members, elected for a four year term in single-seat constuencies...	Monarchy	Direct election
	Costa Rica Elections in Costa Rica Elections in Costa Rica gives information on elections and election results in Costa Rica.Costa Rica elects on national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. The President of Costa Rica is, together with two vice-presidents, elected for a four-year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Côte d'Ivoire Elections in Côte d'Ivoire 2000 Elections in Côte d'Ivoire gives information on election and election results in Côte d'Ivoire.Côte d'Ivoire elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Croatia Elections in Croatia Constitution of Croatia and legislation enacted by the Parliament of Croatia provide for regular elections in Croatia for the office of the President of Croatia, the parliament, county prefects and assemblies, city and municipal mayors as well as city and municipal councils...	Direct election	Direct election
	Cuba Elections in Cuba Elections in Cuba involves nomination of municipal candidates by voters in nomination assemblies, nomination of provincial and national candidates by candidacy commissions, voting by secret ballot, and recall elections....	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Cyprus Elections in Cyprus Elections in Cyprus gives information on election and election results in Cyprus.Cyprus elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The election of the President is direct, by universal suffrage and secret ballot. Voting is compulsory and every citizen over the...	Direct election	Direct election
	Czech Republic Elections in the Czech Republic Elections in the Czech Republic gives information on election and election results in the Czech Republic.The Czech Republic elects on national level a legislature. The Parliament has two chambers...	Election by parliament	Direct election	Direct election

D

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Democratic People's Republic of Korea Elections in North Korea Elections in North Korea are held every five years. At the national level, North Koreans elect a legislature, the Supreme People's Assembly . In addition to the Supreme People's Assembly, the people elect representatives to city, county, and provincial "people's assemblies".All seats were won by...	Deceased	Direct election
	Denmark Elections in Denmark Elections in Denmark gives information on elections and election results in Denmark. Denmark has a multi-party system. Elections normally result in two strong parties....	Monarchy	Direct election
	Djibouti Elections in Djibouti Elections in Djibouti gives information on election and election results in Djibouti.Djibouti elects a head of state and a legislature at the national level. Until April 19, 2010, the president was elected for two six-year terms, until a change for the constitution was passed. Since then, there...	Direct election	Direct election
	Dominica Elections in Dominica Elections in Dominica have been taking place since 1832. Dominica elects on national level a legislature. The House of Assembly has 32 members, 21 members elected for a five year term in single-seat constituencies, 9 appointed senators, the Speaker and 1 ex-officio member...	Election by parliament	Direct election and appointments
	Dominican Republic Elections in the Dominican Republic Elections in the Dominican Republic gives information on election and election results in the Dominican Republic.The Dominican Republic elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a four year term by the people. The Congress of the...	Direct election	Direct election	Direct election

E

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	East Timor Elections in East Timor East Timor elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people. The National Parliament has 88 members, 13 elected in single seat constituencies and 75 elected by proportional representation.-Latest...	Direct election	Direct election
	Ecuador Elections in Ecuador Elections in Ecuador gives information on election and election results in Ecuador.Ecuador elects on national level a head of state, , and a legislature. The President of the Republic and his vice-president are elected on one ballot for a four-year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Egypt Elections in Egypt Egypt elects on national level a head of state – a president – and a bicameral legislature.The President of the Republic is elected for a six-year term by popular vote. This election mechanism has been in place since a May 2005 amendment to the Egyptian Constitution...	Direct election	Direct election	Direct election and appointments
	El Salvador Elections in El Salvador Elections in El Salvador gives information on elections and election results in El Salvador.El Salvador elects its head of state – the President of El Salvador – directly through a fixed-date general election whose winner is decided by absolute majority...	Direct election	Direct election
	Equatorial Guinea Elections in Equatorial Guinea Elections in Equatorial Guinea gives information on election and election results in Equatorial Guinea.Equatorial Guinea elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a seven year term by the people. President Teodoro Obiang Nguema...	Direct election	Direct election
	Eritrea Elections in Eritrea The elections in Eritrea select representatives from the country's six regions for the National Assembly. Elections also occur to elect representatives for the country's regional assemblies and other posts within the country's districts.-National government:...	Self-appointment	Appointment
	Estonia Elections in Estonia Estonia elects a legislature on the national level. The Riigikogu has 101 members, elected for a four year term by proportional representation. A head of state - the president - is elected for a five year term by parliament or an electoral college...	Election by parliament (1.-3. round) / electoral college (4. round)	Direct election
	Ethiopia Elections in Ethiopia At the federal level, Ethiopia elects a legislature. The Federal Parliamentary Assembly has two chambers: the Council of People's Representatives with not more than 550 members as per the constitution but actually nearly 547 members, elected for five-year terms in single-seat constituencies; and...	Election by parliament	Direct election	Indirect election

F

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Falkland Islands	Monarchy	Direct election
	Faroe Islands Elections in the Faroe Islands The Faroe Islands elects on national level a legislature. The Faroese Parliament has up to 33 members of parliament, elected for a four year term by proportional representation...	Monarchy	Direct election
	Fiji Elections in Fiji Fiji has held nine general elections for the House of Representatives since becoming independent of the United Kingdom in 1970; there had been numerous elections under colonial rule, but only one with universal suffrage . In this period, Fiji has had three constitutions, and the voting system has...	Election by Great Council of Chiefs	Direct election
	Finland Elections in Finland Elections in Finland gives information on election and election results in Finland.On national level Finland elects a head of state — the President of the Republic — and a legislature. The president is elected for a six-year term by direct popular vote...	Direct election	Direct election
	France Elections in France France is a representative democracy. Public officials in the legislative and executive branches are either elected by the citizens or appointed by elected officials...	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election
	French Polynesia Elections in French Polynesia Elections in French Polynesia gives information on election and election results in French Polynesia.French Polynesia elects the Assembly of French Polynesia , the unicameral legislature on the territorial level...		Direct election

G

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Gabon Elections in Gabon Gabon elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a seven year term by the people. The Parliament has two chambers...	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election
	Gambia	Direct election	Direct election
	Georgia	Direct election	Direct election
	Germany Elections in Germany The following information deals with elections in Germany, including elections to the Bundestag , the Landtags of the various states, and local elections.-Election system:...	Election by electoral college	Direct election	Representation of state governments
	Ghana Elections in Ghana Elections in Ghana gives information on election and election results in Ghana.Ghana elects on national level a head of state, the president, and a legislature. The president is elected for a four year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Gibraltar Elections in Gibraltar Elections in Gibraltar gives information on election and election results in Gibraltar.Gibraltar elects on national level a legislature. The Gibraltar Parliament has 17 members, all elected for a four year term in one constituency with each voter getting to vote for their selection of eight...		Direct election
	Greece Elections in Greece Elections in Greece gives information on election and election results in Greece.-Election of the legislature:The Greek Parliament has 300 members, elected for a four-year term by a system of 'reinforced' proportional representation in 56 constituencies, 48 of which are multi-seat and 8 single-seat...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Greenland Elections in Greenland Elections in Greenland have been taking place since 1979. Greenland elects on national level a legislature. The Diet has 31 members, elected for a four year term by proportional representation....		Direct election
	Grenada Elections in Grenada Elections in Grenada gives information on election results in Grenada.Grenada elects on national level a legislature. Parliament has two chambers. The House of Representatives has 15 members, elected for a five year term in single-seat constituencies...	Monarchy	Direct election	Appointments
	Guam Elections in Guam Elections in Guam gives information on election and election results in Guam.Guam elects on territorial level a governor and a legislature with the governor elected for a four year term by the people...		Direct election
	Guatemala Elections in Guatemala Elections in Guatemala include, on the national level, a head of state – the president – and a unicameral legislature.Guatemala's president and vice-president are elected on one ballot for a four year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Guernsey Elections in Guernsey Elections in Guernsey gives information on election and election results in Guernsey.Guernsey elects on national level a legislature. The Guernsey States of Deliberation consists of 45 elected members and 2 representatives of Alderney with the Bailiff acting as Presiding Officer with neither a...		Direct election
	Guinea Elections in Guinea Elections in Guinea gives information on election and election results in Guinea.Guinea elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Guinea-Bissau Elections in Guinea-Bissau Elections in Guinea-Bissau gives information on election and election results in Guinea-Bissau.Guinea-Bissau elects on national level a head of state and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Guyana Elections in Guyana Elections in Guyana gives information on election and election results in Guyana.Guyana elects on national level a unicameral legislature .The National Assembly has 65 members...	Election by parliament	Direct election

H

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Haiti Elections in Haïti Elections in Haiti gives information on election and election results in Haiti.The current president is René Préval, who received 51 percent of the votes in the 2005 elections...	Direct election	Direct election	Direct election
	Honduras Elections in Honduras Elections in Honduras gives information on elections and election results in Honduras.Honduras elects on national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. The President of Honduras is elected for a four-year year term by the people by a simple majority of valid votes...	Direct election	Direct election
	Hong Kong Elections in Hong Kong Elections are held in Hong Kong when certain offices in the government need to be filled. Every four years, half of the unicameral Legislative Council of Hong Kong's sixty seats representing the geographical constituencies are filled by the electorate; the other thirty seats representing the...	Election by election committee	Direct election and election by functional constituencies
	Hungary Elections in Hungary Elections in Hungary are held at two levels: general elections to elect the 386 members of the National Assembly, and local elections to elect local authorities.-Presidential elections:...	Election by parliament	Direct election

I

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Iceland Elections in Iceland Elections in Iceland gives information on election and election results in Iceland.Iceland elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a four year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	India Elections in India India has a quasi federal government, with elected officials at the federal , state and local levels. On a national level, the head of government, the Prime Minister, is elected directly by the people, through a general election. All members of the federal legislature, the Parliament, are directly...	Election by electoral college	Direct election	Indirect election
	Indonesia Elections in Indonesia Elections in Indonesia have taken place since 1955. At a national level, Indonesian people elect a head of state – the president – and a legislature...	Direct election	Direct election	Direct election
	Iran Elections in Iran Iran elects on national level a head of state and head of government , a legislature , and an "Assembly of Experts" . Also City and Village Council elections are held every four years throughout the country. The president is elected for a four-year term by the people...	President President of Iran The President of Iran is the highest popularly elected official in, and the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Iran; although subordinate to the Supreme Leader of Iran, who functions as the country's head of state...  through direct election. Supreme Leader Supreme Leader of Iran The Supreme Leader of Iran is the highest ranking political and religious authority in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The post was established by the constitution in accordance with the concept of Guardianship of the Islamic Jurists...  elected by Assembly of Experts Assembly of Experts The Assembly of Experts of Iran , also translated as Council of Experts, is a deliberative body of 86 Mujtahids that is charged with electing and removing the Supreme Leader of Iran and supervising his activities.Members of the assembly are elected from a government-screened list of candidates by...	Direct election
	Iraq Elections in Iraq Elections in Iraq gives information on election and election results in Iraq.-History:Under the Iraqi constitution of 1925, Iraq was a constitutional monarchy, with a bicameral legislature consisting of an elected House of Representatives and an appointed Senate. The lower house was elected every...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Ireland	Direct election	Direct election	Election by functional constituencies and appointment
	Isle of Man Elections in the Isle of Man The Isle of Man partially elects its legislature at the national level. The High Court of Tynwald consists of two chambers. The House of Keys has 24 members, elected for a five year term in multi- and single-seat constituencies. The Legislative Council has 11 members: two ex-officio members and...		Direct election	Indirect election/ex officio
	Israel Elections in Israel Elections in Israel are based on nationwide proportional representation. The electoral threshold is currently set at 2%, with the number of seats a party receives in the Knesset being proportional to the number of votes it receives. The Knesset is elected for a four-year term, although most...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Italy Elections in Italy This page gathers the results of elections in Italy.Italy elected, on national level, a Parliament consisting of two houses, the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic...	Election by parliament	Direct election	Direct election

J

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Jamaica Elections in Jamaica Elections in Jamaica provides information on elections and election results in Jamaica.The Parliament of Jamaica has two chambers:* The House of Representatives has 60 members, elected for a five year term in single-seat constituencies....	Monarchy	Direct election	Appointment
	Japan Elections in Japan The Japanese political system has three types of elections: general elections to the House of Representatives held every four years , elections to the House of Councillors held every three years to choose one-half of its members, and local elections held every four years for offices in prefectures,...	Monarchy	Direct election	Direct election
	Jersey Elections in Jersey Elections in Jersey take place for the Assembly of the States of Jersey and at parish-level. Various parties have been formed over the years in Jersey, but few candidates stand for election affiliated to any political party. All elections in Jersey use the First-past-the-post voting system...		Direct election
	Jordan Elections in Jordan Jordan elects a legislature on the national level. The National Assembly has two chambers. The Chamber of Deputies has 110 members, 104 elected for a four-year term in single-seat constituencies and 6 female members by a special electoral college. Of the 110 seats, Christians are reserved 9 seats...	Monarchy	Direct election	Appointment

K

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Kazakhstan Elections in Kazakhstan Elections in Kazakhstan are held on a national level to elect a President and the Parliament, which is divided into two bodies, the Majilis and the Senate . Local elections for maslikhats are held every five years...	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election and appointments
	Kenya Elections in Kenya Elections in Kenya in recent years have been cause for violence and fragmentation, such as during the presidential elections of 2007. Though a multiparty democracy since 1992 and holding elections since 1962, the country has serious institutional problems which make it hard for elections to be...	Direct election	Direct election
	Kiribati Elections in Kiribati Kiribati elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a four year term by the people. The House of Assembly has 42 members, 40 elected for a four year term in single-seat and multi-seat constituencies, 1 delegate from Banaba Island and...	Direct election	Direct election
	Kosovo Elections in Kosovo Parliamentary elections to the Assembly of Kosovo have been held three times since 1999 with the latest in November 2007. The Assembly is an institution within the Provisional Institutions of Self-Government established by the United Nations administration in Kosovo to provide 'provisional,...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Kuwait Elections in Kuwait Elections in Kuwait are held for both the National Assembly and for the Municipality. Kuwait's 1962 constitution calls for elections to the unicameral National Assembly at a maximum interval of four years...	Monarchy	Direct election
	Kyrgyzstan Elections in Kyrgyzstan Elections in Kyrgyzstan gives information on election and election results in Kyrgyzstan.Kyrgyzstan elects on the national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a single six-year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election

L

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Laos Elections in Laos Elections in Laos gives information on election and election results in Laos.Laos elects a legislature nationally and the public also participates in the election of village heads. The National Assembly has 115 members, elected for five year terms. Laos is a single-party state...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Latvia Elections in Latvia Elections in Latvia gives information on election and election results in Latvia.Latvia elects on national level a legislature. The Saeima has 100 members, elected for a four year term by proportional representation with a 5% threshold. An unmodified Sainte-Laguë method is used to allocate seats....	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Lebanon Elections in Lebanon Elections in Lebanon gives information on election and election results in Lebanon.- Parliamentary electoral system :Lebanon's national legislature is called the Assembly of Representatives...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Lesotho Elections in Lesotho Lesotho elects a legislature on national level. The Parliament has two chambers: the National Assembly with 120 members, elected for a five-year term, 80 in single-seat constituencies and 40 by proportional representation; and the Senate, with 33 nominated members.Lesotho is a one party dominant...	Monarchy	Direct election	Appointments
	Liberia Elections in Liberia Liberia elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a six-year term by the people. The Legislature has two chambers. The House of Representatives has 64 members, elected for a six-year term. The Senate has 30 members...	Direct election	Direct election
	Libya Elections in Libya The last election in Libya  was that of the General People's Congress under the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, held in March 2010.Currently, the Transitional National Council is in the process of organizing Libya's recovery from the 2011 Libyan civil war and has pledged to organize democratic elections by...	Election by parliament	Representatives of the Basis People's Congresses
	Liechtenstein Elections in Liechtenstein Elections in Liechtenstein gives information on election and election results in Liechtenstein.Liechtenstein elects a legislature at the national level...	Monarchy	Direct election
	Lithuania Elections in Lithuania Elections in Lithuania gives information on election and election results in Lithuania.Lithuania elects on national level a head of state—the president—and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Luxembourg Elections in Luxembourg Elections in Luxembourg are held to determine the political composition of the representative institutions of Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Luxembourg is a liberal representative democracy, with universal suffrage guaranteed under the constitution...	Monarchy	Direct election

M

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Macau Elections in Macau Macau elects on national level a legislature. The Legislative Assembly is made up of 29 members, of whom 12 are elected by popular vote and proportional representation, 10 elected from functional constituencies and 7 appointed by the Chief Executive....	Election by election committee	Direct election, Election by Functional Constituencies and Appointments
	Macedonia Elections in the Republic of Macedonia Elections in the Republic of Macedonia gives information on election and election results in the Republic of Macedonia.The Republic of Macedonia elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Madagascar Elections in Madagascar Elections in Madagascar gives information on election and election results in Madagascar.Madagascar elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people. The Parliament has two chambers...	Direct election	Direct election
	Malawi Elections in Malawi Malawi elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president and the vice-president are elected on one ballot for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Malaysia Elections in Malaysia Elections in Malaysia exist at two levels: national level and state level. National level elections are those for membership in the Dewan Rakyat, the lower house of Parliament, while state level elections are for membership in the various State Legislative Assemblies...	Election by the rulers of the Malay states	Direct election	Indirect election and appointments
	Maldives	Direct election	Direct election
	Mali Elections in Mali Elections in Mali gives information on election and election results in Mali.Mali elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Malta Elections in Malta Malta elects on a national level the executive -, legislature and 6 MEPs representing Malta in the European Parliament....	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Marshall Islands	Direct election	Direct election
	Mauritania Elections in Mauritania Prior to the coup d'état of August 2005, Mauritania was a one party dominant state with the Democratic and Social Republican Party in power. Opposition parties were allowed, but widely considered to have no real chance of gaining power....	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election
	Mauritius Elections in Mauritius Elections in Mauritius gives information on elections and election results in Mauritius.Mauritius elects on national level a legislature. The National Assembly has 70 members, 62 elected for a four year term in 21 multi-member constituencies and 8 additional "best loser" members appointed by the...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Mayotte Elections in Mayotte Elections in Mayotte gives information on election and election results in Mayotte.Mayotte elects on territorial level a legislature. The General Council has 19 members, elected for a three year term in single seat constituencies....		Direct election
	Mexico Elections in Mexico Elections in Mexico determine who, on the national level, takes the position of the head of state – the president – as well as the legislature.The President of Mexico is elected for a six-year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Federated States of Micronesia	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Moldova Elections in Moldova Elections in Moldova gives information on election and election results in Moldova.Moldova elects on national level a legislature. The Parliament has 101 members, elected for a four year term by proportional representation with a 5% electoral threshold...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Monaco Elections in Monaco Elections in Monaco gives information on election and election results in Monaco.Monaco elects on national level a legislature . The National Council has 24 members, elected for a five year term, 16 elected by a list majority system, 8 by a proportional representation.At the last national...	Monarchy	Direct election
	Mongolia Elections in Mongolia Elections in Mongolia gives information on election and election results in Mongolia.Mongolia elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a four year term by the people. The State Great Khural has had 76 members, elected for a four...	Direct election	Direct election
	Montenegro Elections in Montenegro Montenegro elects on national level a legislature and a head of state. The Assembly of Montenegro has 81 members elected for a four year term. The President of Montenegro is elected at large with a runoff if need be...	Direct election	Direct election
	Montserrat Elections in Montserrat Elections in Montserrat gives information on election and election results in Montserrat.Montserrat elects on territorial level a legislature...		Direct election
	Morocco Elections in Morocco Elections in Morocco are held on a national level for the legislature. Parliament has two chambers. The Assembly of Representatives of Morocco has 325 members elected for a five year term, 295 elected in multi-seat constituencies and 30 in national lists consisting only of women...	Monarchy	Direct election	Indirect election and election by functional groups
	Mozambique Elections in Mozambique Elections in Mozambique gives information on election and election results in Mozambique.Mozambique elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Myanmar Elections in Myanmar Elections in Burma are a rarity. Burma is led by a military junta known as the State Peace and Development Council . Opposition parties are banned, but exist illegally...	Election by parliament	Direct election and appointments	Direct election and appointments

N

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Nagorno Karabakh Elections in Nagorno Karabakh The Nagorno-Karabakh Republic elects on a national level a president and a parliament. The president is elected for a five term by the people.The National Assembly has 33 members, 22 elected for a five year term in single seat constituencies and 11 by proportional representation.Nagorno Karabakh...	Direct election	Direct election
	Namibia Elections in Namibia Elections in Namibia gives information on election and election results in Namibia.Namibia elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people. Parliament has two chambers...	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election
	Nauru Elections in Nauru Elections in Nauru gives information on election and election results in Nauru.Nauru elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. Parliament has 18 members, elected for a three year term in multi-seat constituencies...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Nepal Elections in Nepal Elections in Nepal gives information on election and election results in Nepal.In the 1990 constitution the Parliament had two chambers. The House of Representatives had 205 members elected for five year term in single-seat constituencies in 1991, 1994 and 1999...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Netherlands Elections in the Netherlands Elections in the Netherlands are held for six territorial levels of government: the European Union, the state, the twelve Provinces of the Netherlands, the 25 water boards, the 418 municipalities and in two cities for neighbourhood councils...	Monarchy	Direct election	Indirect election
	Netherlands Antilles Elections in the Netherlands Antilles Elections in the Netherlands Antilles gives information on election and election results of the estates of the former Netherlands Antilles.The Netherlands Antilles had a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often had a chance of gaining power alone, and parties had to...		Direct election
	New Caledonia Elections in New Caledonia Elections in New Caledonia gives information on election and election results in New Caledonia.New Caledonia elects a legislature. The Territorial Congress has 54 members, being the members of the four regional councils, all elected for a five year term by proportional representation.New Caledonia...		Direct election
	New Zealand	Monarchy	Direct election
	Nicaragua Elections in Nicaragua Elections in Nicaragua gives information on elections and election results in Nicaragua.The Republic of Nicaragua elects on national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. The President of Nicaragua and his or her vice-president are elected on one ballot for a...	Direct election	Direct election
	Niger Elections in Niger Every five years, elections in Niger occur on national level for the head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Nigeria Elections in Nigeria Elections in Nigeria are democratic forms of choosing representatives to the Nigerian federal government and the various states in Nigeria.-Background:...	Direct election	Direct election	Direct election
	Niue		Direct election
	Norfolk Elections and parties in Norfolk Island Norfolk Island elects on territorial level a legislature. The Norfolk Legislative Assembly has 9 members, elected for a three-year term. The only political party on Norfolk Island is the Norfolk Island Labor Party, which is led by Assembly member Mike King....		Direct election
	Northern Cyprus Elections in Northern Cyprus Elections in Northern Cyprus, also referenced as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus or TRNC, bring into office a president and a legislature which exercise de facto leadership over the northern 36.27% of the island of Cyprus, encompassing the territory of the internationally-unrecognized...	Direct election	Direct election
	Northern Ireland Elections in Northern Ireland Elections in Northern Ireland are held on a regular basis to the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Parliament of the United Kingdom, and to the European Parliament. Regular elections are also held in Northern Ireland to local councils....		Direct election
	Northern Marianas		Direct election	Direct election
	Norway Elections in Norway Norway elects its legislature on a national level. The parliament, the Storting , has 169 members elected for a four year term by the proportional representation in multi-seat constituencies.Norway has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining...	Monarchy	Direct election

O

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Oman	Monarchy	Indirect election	Appointments

P

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Pakistan Elections in Pakistan At the national level, Pakistan elects a bicameral legislature, the Parliament of Pakistan, which consists of a directly elected National Assembly of Pakistan and a Senate, whose members are chosen by elected provincial legislators. The Prime Minister of Pakistan is elected by the National Assembly...	Election by electoral college	Direct election	Indirect election
	Palau Elections in Palau On a national level, the citizens of Palau elect a president, who serves a four-year term, and acts as head of state. A national bicameral legislature, is also elected, consisting of the Palau National Congress and the Senate of Palau. The National Congress has 16 members, each serving four-year...	Direct election	Direct election	Direct election
	Palestinian National Authority Elections in the Palestinian National Authority Elections in the Palestinian National Authority gives information on election and election results in the Palestinian territories.The PNA hold elections for a president, legislature and local councils...	Direct election	Direct election
	Panama Elections in Panama Elections in Panama gives information on election and election results in Panama.Panama elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president and the vice-president are elected on one ballot for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Papua New Guinea Elections in Papua New Guinea Elections in Papua New Guinea gives information on election and election results in Papua New Guinea.Papua New Guinea elects on national level a legislature...	Monarchy	Direct election
	Paraguay Elections in Paraguay Elections in Paraguay gives information on election and election results in Paraguay.Paraguay elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people. The National Congress has two chambers...	Direct election	Direct election	Direct election
	Peru Elections in Peru In Peru, the people directly elect a head of state as well as a legislature. The president is elected by the people for a five year term...	Direct election	Direct election
	Philippines Elections in the Philippines The Philippines elects on national level a head of state and a legislature. The president is elected for a six-year term by the people. The vice-president is elected at the same time on a separate ballot...	Direct election	Direct election	Direct election
	Pitcairn Islands		Indirect election
	Poland Elections in Poland Elections in Poland gives information on election and election results in Poland. Poland has a multi-party political system. Poland elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature...	Direct election	Direct election	Direct election
	Portugal Elections in Portugal Elections in Portugal gives information on election and election results in Portugal.Only the elections since the Carnation Revolution of 1974 are listed here. During the period encompassing the Constitutional Monarchy and the First Republic there were also elections, but only for a limited...	Direct election	Direct election
	Puerto Rico Elections in Puerto Rico Elections in Puerto Rico gives information on election and election results in Puerto Rico.Puerto Rico elects on state level a governor and a legislature. The island's governor is elected for a four year term by the people....		Direct election	Direct election

Q

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Qatar	Monarchy	Appointments

R

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Republic of Korea Elections in South Korea Elections in South Korea are held on national level to select the President and the National Assembly.The president is directly elected for a single five-year term by plurality vote. The National Assembly has 299 members elected for a four-year term, 245 in single-seat constituencies and 54 members...	Direct election	Direct election
	Romania Elections in Romania Romania elects on a national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people . The Romanian Parliament has two chambers...	Direct election	Direct election
	Russia Elections in Russia On the federal level, Russia elects a president as head of state and a legislature, one of the two chambers of the Federal Assembly. The president is elected for at most two six-year terms by the people . The Federal Assembly has two chambers...	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election and appointments
	Rwanda Elections in Rwanda The major recurring elections in Rwanda on a national level are the election of the President of Rwanda, which recurs after seven years, and the election of the Parliament of Rwanda ....	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election and appointments

S

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Saint Helena		Direct election
	Saint Kitts and Nevis Elections in Saint Kitts and Nevis Elections in Saint Kitts and Nevis gives information on election and election results in Saint Kitts and Nevis.Saint Kitts and Nevis elects on national level a legislature...	Monarchy	Direct election and appointments
	Saint Lucia Elections in Saint Lucia Elections in Saint Lucia gives information on election and election results in Saint Lucia.Saint Lucia elects on national level a legislature. The Legislature has two chambers. The House of Assembly has 17 members, elected for a five year term in single-seat constituencies...	Monarchy	Direct election	Appointments
	Saint Pierre and Miquelon		Direct election
	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Elections in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Elections in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines gives information on election and election results in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.Saint Vincent and the Grenadines elects on national level a legislature...	Monarchy	Direct election and appointments
	Samoa Elections in Samoa At the national level, Samoa elects a legislature. The Fono or Legislative Assembly has 49 members elected for a five year term, 47 members out of the matai in six two-seat, 35 single-seat constituencies, and 2 members by the non-Samoan nationals...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	San Marino Elections in San Marino Elections in San Marino gives information on election and election results in San Marino.San Marino elects on national level a legislature. The Grand and General Council has 60 members, elected for a five year term by proportional representation with national majority bonus .San Marino has...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	São Tomé and Príncipe Elections in São Tomé and Príncipe Elections in São Tomé and Príncipe gives information on election and election results in São Tomé and Príncipe.São Tomé and Príncipe elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Saudi Arabia Elections in Saudi Arabia Elections in Saudi Arabia have been historically rare. Municipal elections were held in 2005 and were planned for 2009. After two years' delay, they are to be held in 2011...	Monarchy	Appointments
	Scotland Elections in Scotland Scotland has elections to several bodies: the Scottish Parliament, the United Kingdom Parliament, the European Parliament, local councils and community councils.-Scottish Parliament:...		Direct election
	Senegal Elections in Senegal Elections in Senegal gives information on election and election results in Senegal.Senegal elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people . The National Assembly has 150 members, elected for a five year...	Direct election	Direct election
	Serbia Elections in Serbia Serbia elects on national level a legislature and a president. The National Assembly of Serbia has 250 members elected for a four year term. Serbia has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other...	Direct election	Direct election
	Seychelles Elections in Seychelles This article gives information on election and election results in Seychelles. Seychelles elects on national level a head of state — the president — and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Sierra Leone Elections in Sierra Leone Elections in Sierra Leone gives information on election and election results in Sierra Leone.Sierra Leone elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Singapore Elections in Singapore There are currently two types of elections in Singapore: parliamentary and presidential elections.While the Constitution of Singapore does not specify exactly when elections need to be held, Parliamentary or General Elections are generally 5 years apart, while Presidential elections are generally...	Direct election	Direct election
	Slovakia Elections in Slovakia Elections in Slovakia gives information on election and election results in Slovakia.Slovakia elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Slovenia Elections in Slovenia At a national level, Slovenia elects a head of state and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people using the Run-Off system. The National Assembly , Slovenia's parliament, has 90 members each elected for four-year terms. All but two of these are elected using the...	Direct election	Direct election	Representation of interest groups
	Solomon Islands Elections in the Solomon Islands Elections in Solomon Islands gives information on election and election results in Solomon Islands.Solomon Islands elects on national level a legislature...	Monarchy	Direct election
	Somalia Elections in Somalia The Somalian state only has loose governmental structures with "no effective central government" since 1991. Political parties organized based strictly or primarily on political beliefs don't play much of a role; instead, there is a strong sense of ethnic identity and clan-based organization...	Transition	Transition
	Somaliland Elections in Somaliland Somaliland elects on national level a head of state and a legislature. The president is elected by the people for a five year term. The Parliament has two chambers. The House of Representatives will have 82 members, elected for a five year term...	Direct election	Direct election	Traditional leaders
	South Africa Elections in South Africa Elections in South Africa take place on national, provincial, and local levels. South Africa is a multi-party democracy with the African National Congress in power with a significant majority since 1994...	Election by parliament	Direct election	Indirect election
	South Ossetia Elections in South Ossetia Elections in South Ossetia gives information on elections and election results in South Ossetia.South Ossetia elects on national level a head of state - the President - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Spain Elections in Spain There are four types of elections in Spain: general elections, elections to the legislatures of the autonomous communities, local elections and elections to the European Parliament...	Monarchy	Direct election	Direct and indirect election
	Sri Lanka Elections in Sri Lanka Elections in Sri Lanka gives information on election and election results in Sri Lanka.Sri Lanka elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a six year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Sudan Elections in Sudan Elections in Sudan gives information on election and election results in Sudan.Sudan elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. In the most recent election of 2010, there were two presidential elections, one for the Presidency of the Republic of Sudan and one for...	Direct election	Appointments due to transition	Indirect election
	Suriname Elections in Suriname Elections in Suriname gives information on election and election results in Suriname.Suriname elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by an electoral college based on the parliament...	Election by electoral college	Direct election
	Swaziland Elections in Swaziland Swaziland elects a national legislature. The Parliament of Swaziland has two chambers: the House of Assembly has 65 members, 55 members elected out of candidates nominated by traditional local councils and 10 appointed members; balloting is done on a nonparty basis; candidates for election are...	Monarchy	Elected by traditional local councils and appointments	Elected by lower house and appointments
	Sweden Elections in Sweden Elections in the Kingdom of Sweden are held every four years, and determine the makeup of the legislative bodies on the three levels of administrative division in the country. At the highest level, these elections determine the allocation of seats in the Riksdag, the national legislative body of...	Monarchy	Direct election
	Switzerland Elections in Switzerland Elections in Switzerland gives information on election and election results in Switzerland.Switzerland elects on national level a head of state - the Federal Council - and a legislature. The Federal Assembly has two chambers...	Election by parliament	Direct election	Direct election
	Syria Elections in Syria Elections in Syria gives information on election and election results in Syria.Syria elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The People's Council has 250 members elected for a four year term in 15 multi-seat constituencies, in which 167 seats are guaranteed...	Approval by referendum	Direct election

T

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Republic of China	Direct election	Direct election
	Tajikistan Elections in Tajikistan Elections in Tajikistan gives information on election and election results in Tajikistan.Tajikistan elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people. The Supreme Assembly has two chambers...	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election and appointments
	Tanzania Elections in Tanzania Elections in Tanzania gives information on election and election results in Tanzania.Tanzania elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Thailand	Monarchy	Direct election	Direct and indirect election
	Togo Elections in Togo Elections in Togo gives information on election and election results in Togo.Togo elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Tokelau		Direct election
	Tonga	Monarchy	Partially direct election, partially by limited suffrage, partially ex officio
	Transnistria	Direct election	Direct election
	Trinidad and Tobago Elections in Trinidad and Tobago Elections in Trinidad and Tobago gives information on election and election results in Trinidad and Tobago.Trinidad and Tobago elects on national level a House of Representatives...	Election by parliament	Direct election	Appointments
	Tunisia Elections in Tunisia Prior to the 2011 Tunisian revolution, Elections in Tunisia were held every five to six years, and elected both the president and members of both legislative branches to the national government of the Republic of Tunisia...	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election and appointments
	Turkey Elections in Turkey Turkey elects on the national level a legislature. The Grand National Assembly of Turkey has 550 members, elected for a four year term by a system based on proportional representation...	Direct election	Direct election
	Turkmenistan Elections in Turkmenistan Turkmenistan elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The Elections in Turkmenistan have been widely criticized for being completely fraudulent and attempting to give an appearance of legitimacy to what is in reality a dictatorship...	Direct election	Direct election
	Turks and Caicos		Direct election
	Tuvalu Elections and parties in Tuvalu Tuvalu elects a legislature on a national level. The Parliament of Tuvalu has 15 members, elected for a four year term in 7 double- and 1 single-seat constituencies. Tuvalu is a de-facto non-partisan democracy since it does not have political parties.-Latest election:The Tuvaluan general election,...	Monarchy	Direct election

U

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Uganda Elections in Uganda Uganda provides national elections for a president and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term. The National Assembly has 292 members. 214 members are elected without party labels directly in single seat constituencies, while 78 members are elected from so-called special...	Direct election	Direct election
	Ukraine Elections in Ukraine Elections in Ukraine gives information on election and election results in Ukraine.Ukraine elects on national level a head of state and a legislature. The president is elected for a five-year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	United Arab Emirates Politics of the United Arab Emirates Politics of the United Arab Emirates takes place in a framework of a federal, presidential, elected monarchy. The UAE is a federation of seven absolute monarchies: the Emirates of Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras al-Khaimah, Sharjah and Umm al-Qaiwain...	De facto monarchy	Appointments
	United Kingdom Elections in the United Kingdom There are five types of elections in the United Kingdom: United Kingdom general elections, elections to devolved parliaments and assemblies, elections to the European Parliament, local elections and mayoral elections. Elections are held on Election Day, which is conventionally a Thursday...	Monarchy	Direct election	Appointments and hereditary/indirect election
	United States Elections in the United States The United States has a federal government, with elected officials at the federal , state and local levels. On a national level, the head of state, the President, is elected indirectly by the people, through an Electoral College. In modern times, the electors virtually always vote with the popular...	Indirect election/election by electoral college	Direct election	Direct election
	Uruguay Elections in Uruguay Uruguay elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president and the vice-president are elected on one ballot for a five year term by the people. The General Assembly has two chambers. The Chamber of Deputies has 99 members, elected for a five year term by...	Direct election	Direct election	Direct election
	Uzbekistan Elections in Uzbekistan Elections in Uzbekistan gives information on election and election results in Uzbekistan.Uzbekistan elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election	Indirect election and appointments

V

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Vanuatu Elections in Vanuatu Elections in Vanuatu gives information on election and election results in Vanuatu.Vanuatu elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The Parliament or Parlement has 52 members, elected for a four year term in multi-seat constituencies...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Vatican City Papal conclave A papal conclave is a meeting of the College of Cardinals convened to elect a Bishop of Rome, who then becomes the Pope during a period of vacancy in the papal office. The Pope is considered by Roman Catholics to be the apostolic successor of Saint Peter and earthly head of the Roman Catholic Church...	Election by Cardinals	Appointments
	Venezuela Elections in Venezuela ||Elections in Venezuela gives information on elections and election results in Venezuela.Venezuela elects on a national level a head of state a president and a unicameral federal legislature. The President of Venezuela is elected for a six-year term by the people, and is eligible for re-election...	Direct election	Direct election
	Vietnam Elections in Vietnam Elections in Vietnam gives information on election and election results in Vietnam.Vietnam elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The National Assembly has 498 members, elected for a five year term. Vietnam is a single-party state...	Election by parliament	Direct election
	Virgin Islands of the United States		Direct election

W

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Wales Elections in Wales Wales has elections to four tiers of government: 22 unitary local authorities, the National Assembly for Wales, the United Kingdom Parliament and the European Parliament.-Local government:...		Direct election
	Wallis and Futuna Elections in Wallis and Futuna Elections in Wallis and Futuna gives information on election and election results in Wallis and Futuna.Wallis and Futuna elects on territorial level a legislature...		Direct election
	Western Sahara Elections in Western Sahara Elections in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic gives information on election and election results in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic claims the Western Sahara, a territory largely administered by Morocco since Spain abandoned it in 1975...	Appointment	Appointments

Y

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Yemen Elections in Yemen Yemen elects on national level a head of state and a legislature. The president is elected for a seven year term by the people. The Assembly of Representatives of Yemen has 301 members, elected for a six year term in single-seat constituencies.Yemen is usually considered a dominant-party state...	Direct election	Direct election

Z

Country	Head of state	Parliament/Legislature
		Lower house	Upper house
	Zambia Elections in Zambia Zambia elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...	Direct election	Direct election
	Zimbabwe Elections in Zimbabwe The Zimbabwe government consists of an elected head of state, the president, and a legislature. The presidential term lasts for 6 years. Parliament is bicameral, consisting of the House of Assembly and Senate. The House of assembly has 210 members 200 elected for five-year terms by single-member...	Direct election	Direct election	Direct election

See also

• List of narrow elections
• List of democracy and elections-related topics
• List of legislatures by country

External links

• http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/parlinesearch.asp PARLINE database on national parliaments - contains information on the structure and working methods of 265 parliamentary chambers in all of the 189 countries where a national legislature exists.
• ACE Electoral Knowledge Network Expert site providing encyclopedia on Electoral Systems and Management, country by country data, a library of electoral materials, latest election news, the opportunity to submit questions to a network of electoral experts, and a forum to discuss all of the above
• Parties and Elections in Europe
• Election Resources
• Adam Carr's Election Archive
• International Foundation for Electoral Systems
  International Foundation for Electoral Systems
  The International Foundation for Electoral Systems is an international, non-profit organization founded in 1987. This Washington, D. C.-based development organization provides assistance and support for elections in new and emerging democracies...
  
  ' Electionguide
• African Elections Database