The following is a list of food additive

Food additive

Food additives are substances added to food to preserve flavor or enhance its taste and appearance.Some additives have been used for centuries; for example, preserving food by pickling , salting, as with bacon, preserving sweets or using sulfur dioxide as in some wines...

s as organized by the Codex Alimentarius

Codex Alimentarius

The Codex Alimentarius is a collection of internationally recognized standards, codes of practice, guidelines and other recommendations relating to foods, food production and food safety. Its name derives from the Codex Alimentarius Austriacus...

 Commission. The International Numbering System numbers below (INS #) are assigned by the committee to identify each food additive. The INS numbers generally correspond to E numbers for the same compound – e.g. INS 102, Tartrazine, is also E-102. INS numbers are not unique and, in fact, one number may be assigned to a group of like compounds.

On packaging in the European Union

European Union

The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...

, approved food additives are written with a prefix of 'E'. Australia

Australia

Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...

 and New Zealand

New Zealand

New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...

 do not use a prefix letter when listing additives in the ingredients.

In the table below, food additives approved for Europe

Europe

Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...

 are listed with an 'E', and those approved for Australia and New Zealand with an 'A'. and for the USA with a U, even though the US does not use the INS numbering system.

INS #	Approvals			Names	Type
100	A	E	U	turmeric Turmeric Turmeric is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant of the ginger family, Zingiberaceae. It is native to tropical South Asia and needs temperatures between 20 °C and 30 °C and a considerable amount of annual rainfall to thrive... , curcumin Curcumin Curcumin is the principal curcuminoid of the popular Indian spice turmeric, which is a member of the ginger family . The other two curcuminoids are desmethoxycurcumin and bis-desmethoxycurcumin. The curcuminoids are natural phenols and are responsible for the yellow color of turmeric...	colour (yellow and orange)
101	A	E		riboflavin Riboflavin Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2 or additive E101, is an easily absorbed micronutrient with a key role in maintaining health in humans and animals. It is the central component of the cofactors FAD and FMN, and is therefore required by all flavoproteins. As such, vitamin B2 is required for a...  (vitamin B2)	colour (yellow and orange)
102	A	E		tartrazine Tartrazine Tartrazine is a synthetic lemon yellow azo dye used as a food coloring...	colour (yellow and orange) (FDA Food and Drug Administration The Food and Drug Administration is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, one of the United States federal executive departments... : FD&C Yellow #5)
103	A			alkannin Alkannin Alkannin is a natural dye that is obtained from the extracts of Alkanna tinctoria. The dye is used as a food coloring and in cosmetics. As a food additive it has the E number E103.... , chrysoine resorcinol Chrysoine resorcinol Chrysoine resorcinol is a synthetic azo dye which was formerly used as a food additive. In Europe, it was banned as a food additive in 1984. In the US, it was banned in 1988....	colour (red)
104	A	E		Quinoline Yellow WS Quinoline Yellow WS Quinoline yellow, Quinoline Yellow WS, C.I. 47005, or Food Yellow 13, is a yellow food dye. Chemically it is a mixture of disulfonates , monosulfonates and trisulfonates of 2- indan-1,3-dione....	colour (yellow and orange) (FDA: D&C Yellow #10)
107		E		Yellow 2G Yellow 2G Yellow 2G is a food coloring denoted by E number E107. It has the appearance of a yellow powder, and it is soluble in water. It is a synthetic yellow azo dye....	colour (yellow and orange)
110	A	E		Sunset Yellow FCF Sunset Yellow FCF Sunset Yellow FCF is a synthetic yellow azo dye, manufactured from aromatic hydrocarbons from petroleum. When added to foods, it is denoted by E Number E110...	colour (yellow and orange) (FDA: FD&C Yellow #6)
111	?	E		Orange GGN Orange GGN Orange GGN, also known as alpha-naphthol orange, is a food dye. In Europe it is denoted by the E Number E111. It is the disodium salt of 1--2-naphthol-6-sulfonic acid...	colour (orange)
120	A	E		Cochineal Cochineal The cochineal is a scale insect in the suborder Sternorrhyncha, from which the crimson-colour dye carmine is derived. A primarily sessile parasite native to tropical and subtropical South America and Mexico, this insect lives on cacti from the genus Opuntia, feeding on plant moisture and... , carmines Crimson Crimson is a strong, bright, deep red color. It is originally the color of the dye produced from a scale insect, Kermes vermilio, but the name is now also used as a generic term for those slightly bluish-red colors that are between red and rose; besides crimson itself, these colors include...	colour (red)
121				Citrus red 2 Citrus Red 2 Citrus Red 2, Citrus Red No. 2, C.I. Solvent Red 80, or C.I. 12156 is an artificial dye. As a food dye, it is permitted by Food and Drug Administration since 1956 only for use in the United States to color the skin of oranges. Citrus Red 2 is listed as an IARC Group 2B carcinogen, meaning that it... , Orcein Orcein Orcein, also archil, orchil, lacmus, Citrus Red 2, and C.I. Natural Red 28, are names for dyes extracted from several species of lichen, commonly known as "orchella weeds", found in various parts of the world. A major source is the archil lichen, Roccella tinctoria. Orcinol is extracted from such... , Orchil	colour (red)
122	A	E		azorubine Azorubine Azorubine, carmoisine, Food Red 3, Azorubin S, Brillantcarmoisin O, Acid Red 14, or C.I. 14720 is a synthetic red food dye from the azo dye group. It usually comes as a disodium salt. It is a red to maroon powder. It is used for the purposes where the food is heat-treated after fermentation. It has... , carmoisine	colour (red) (FDA: Ext D&C Red #10)
123		E		amaranth Amaranth (dye) Amaranth, FD&C Red No. 2, E123, C.I. Food Red 9, Acid Red 27, Azorubin S, or C.I. 16185, is a dark red to purple azo dye once used as a food dye and to color cosmetics, but since 1976 it has been banned in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration as it is a suspected carcinogen. It...	colour (red) (FDA: [DELISTED] Red #2)
124	A	E		Brilliant Scarlet 4R, Ponceau 4R Ponceau 4R Ponceau 4R , SX purple) is a synthetic colourant that may be used as a food colouring. It is denoted by E Number E124...	colour (FDA: Ext D&C Red #8)
125				Ponceau SX, Scarlet GN Scarlet GN Scarlet GN, or C.I. Food Red 1, Ponceau SX, FD&C Red No. 4, or C.I. 14700 is a red azo dye used as a food dye. When used as a food additive, it has the E number E125. It usually comes as a disodium salt....	colour
126				Ponceau 6R Ponceau 6R Ponceau 6R, or Crystal ponceau 6R, Crystal scarlet, Brilliant crystal scarlet 6R, Acid Red 44, or C.I. 16250, is a red azo dye. It is soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. It is used as a food dye, with E number E126. It is also used in histology, for staining fibrin with the MSB...	colour
127		E		erythrosine Erythrosine Erythrosine, also known as Red No. 3, is an organoiodine compound, specifically a derivative of fluorone. It is cherry-pink synthetic, primarily used for food coloring. It is the disodium salt of 2,4,5,7-tetraiodofluorescein...	colour (red) (FDA: FD&C Red #3)
128		E		Red 2G Red 2G Red 2G is a synthetic red azo dye. It is soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. It usually comes as a disodium salt of 8-acetamido-1-hydroxy-2-phenylazonaphthalene-3,6 disulphonate.-Food dye:...	colour
129	A	E		Allura red AC Allura Red AC Allura Red AC is a red azo dye that goes by several names including: Allura Red, Food Red 17, C.I. 16035, FD&C Red 40, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 6-hydroxy-5--, disodium salt, and disodium 6-hydroxy-5--2-naphthalenesulfonate. It is used as a food dye and has the E number E129...	colour (FDA: FD&C Red #40)
130				Indanthrene blue RS Indanthrene blue RS Indanthrene blue RS is a synthetic anthraquinone dye. It has the appearance of blue needles with metallic lustre and melting point of 470-500 °C...	colour (blue)
131		E		Patent blue V Patent Blue V Patent Blue V, also called Food Blue 5 or Sulphan Blue, is a dark bluish synthetic dye used as a food coloring. As a food additive, it has E number E131. It is a sodium or calcium salt of [4--2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ylidene] diethylammonium hydroxide inner salt...	colour (blue)
132	A	E		indigo carmine Indigo dye Indigo dye is an organic compound with a distinctive blue color . Historically, indigo was a natural dye extracted from plants, and this process was important economically because blue dyes were once rare. Nearly all indigo dye produced today — several thousand tons each year — is synthetic... , indigotine Indigo dye Indigo dye is an organic compound with a distinctive blue color . Historically, indigo was a natural dye extracted from plants, and this process was important economically because blue dyes were once rare. Nearly all indigo dye produced today — several thousand tons each year — is synthetic...	colour (blue) (FDA: FD&C Blue #2)
133	A	E		Brilliant blue FCF Brilliant Blue FCF Brilliant Blue FCF , also known under commercial names, is a colorant for foods and other substances to induce a color change. It is denoted by E number E133 and has a color index of 42090. It has the appearance of a reddish-blue powder...	colour (FDA: FD&C Blue #1)
140	A	E		chlorophyll Chlorophyll Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in almost all plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. Its name is derived from the Greek words χλωρος, chloros and φύλλον, phyllon . Chlorophyll is an extremely important biomolecule, critical in photosynthesis, which allows plants to obtain energy from light... s and chlorophyllin Chlorophyllin Chlorophyllin refers to any one of a group of closely related water-soluble salts that are semi-synthetic derivatives of chlorophyll, differing in the identity of the cations associated with the anion. Its most common form is a sodium/copper derivative used as a food additive and in alternative... s	colour (green)
141	A	E		copper Copper Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu and atomic number 29. It is a ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. Pure copper is soft and malleable; an exposed surface has a reddish-orange tarnish...  complexes of chlorophylls	colour (green)
142	A	E		Green S Green S Green S is a green synthetic coal tar triarylmethane dye with the molecular formula C27H25N2O7S2Na.As a food dye, it has E number E142. It can be used in mint sauce, desserts, gravy granules, sweets, ice creams, and tinned peas. Green S is prohibited as a food additive in Canada, United States,...	colour (green)
143	A	E		Fast green FCF Fast Green FCF Fast Green FCF, also called Food green 3, FD&C Green No. 3, Green 1724, Solid Green FCF, and C.I. 42053, is a sea green triarylmethane food dye. Its E number is E143....	colour (FDA: FD&C Green #3)
150a	A	E		caramel I – plain	colour (brown and black)
150b	A	E		caramel II – caustic sulfite Sulfite Sulfites are compounds that contain the sulfite ion SO. The sulfite ion is the conjugate base of bisulfite. Although the acid itself is elusive, its salts are widely used.-Structure:...  process	colour (brown and black)
150c	A	E		caramel III – ammonia Ammonia Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula . It is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent odour. Ammonia contributes significantly to the nutritional needs of terrestrial organisms by serving as a precursor to food and fertilizers. Ammonia, either directly or...  process	colour (brown and black)
150d	A	E		caramel IV – ammonia sulfite process	colour (brown and black)
151	A	E		Black PN, Brilliant Black BN Brilliant Black BN Brilliant Black BN, Brilliant Black PN, Brilliant Black A, Black PN, Food Black 1, Naphthol Black, C.I. Food Brown 1, or C.I. 28440, is a synthetic black diazo dye. It is soluble in water. It usually comes as tetrasodium salt. It has the appearance of solid, fine powder or granules...	colour (brown and black)
152	?	?		Black 7984 Black 7984 Black 7984, Food Black 2, or C.I. 27755, is a brown-to-black synthetic diazo dye. It is often used as the tetrasodium salt.When used as a food dye, it has E number E152. Its use in food is discontinued in USA and EU since 1984...	colour (brown and black)
153	A	E		Vegetable carbon Carbon black Carbon black is a material produced by the incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products such as FCC tar, coal tar, ethylene cracking tar, and a small amount from vegetable oil. Carbon black is a form of amorphous carbon that has a high surface-area-to-volume ratio, although its... , carbon black Carbon black Carbon black is a material produced by the incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products such as FCC tar, coal tar, ethylene cracking tar, and a small amount from vegetable oil. Carbon black is a form of amorphous carbon that has a high surface-area-to-volume ratio, although its...	colour (brown and black)
154		E		Brown FK Brown FK Brown FK, also called Kipper Brown, Chocolate Brown FK, and C.I. Food Brown 1, is a brown mixture of six synthetic azo dyes, with addition of sodium chloride, and/or sodium sulfate. It is very soluble in water. Its CAS number is...	colour (brown and black)
155	A	E		Chocolate Brown HT	colour
160a	A	E		carotene Carotene The term carotene is used for several related unsaturated hydrocarbon substances having the formula C40Hx, which are synthesized by plants but cannot be made by animals. Carotene is an orange photosynthetic pigment important for photosynthesis. Carotenes are all coloured to the human eye... s – alpha-carotene Alpha-carotene α-Carotene is a form of carotene with a β-ring at one end and an ε-ring at the other. It is the second most common form of carotene.-Human physiology:... , beta-carotene Beta-carotene β-Carotene is a strongly-coloured red-orange pigment abundant in plants and fruits. It is an organic compound and chemically is classified as a hydrocarbon and specifically as a terpenoid , reflecting its derivation from isoprene units... , gamma-carotene	colour
160b		E		annatto Annatto Annatto, sometimes called roucou or achiote, is a derivative of the achiote trees of tropical regions of the Americas, used to produce a yellow to orange food coloring and also as a flavoring... , bixin Bixin Bixin is an apocarotenoid found in annatto, a natural food coloring obtained from the seeds of the achiote tree . Annatto seeds contain about 5% pigments, which consist of 70-80% bixin.... , norbixin	colour
160c	A	E		paprika Paprika Paprika is a spice made from the grinding of dried fruits of Capsicum annuum . In many European languages, the word paprika refers to bell peppers themselves. The seasoning is used in many cuisines to add color and flavor to dishes. Paprika can range from mild to hot...  extract, capsanthin, capsorubin	colour
160d	A	E		lycopene Lycopene Lycopene is a bright red carotene and carotenoid pigment and phytochemical found in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables, such as red carrots, watermelons and papayas...	colour
160e	A	E		beta-apo-8'-carotenal (C 30)	colour
160f	A	E		beta-apo-8'-carotenic acid ethyl ester	colour
161a	A			flavoxanthin Flavoxanthin Flavoxanthin is a natural xanthophyll pigment with a golden-yellow color found in small quantities in a variety of plants. As a food additive it used under the E number E161a as a food coloring although it is not approved for use in the EU or USA.[citation needed] It is listed as food...	colour
161b	A	E		lutein Lutein Lutein is a xanthophyll and one of 600 known naturally occurring carotenoids. Lutein is synthesized only by plants and like other xanthophylls is found in high quantities in green leafy vegetables such as spinach and kale...	colour
161c	A			cryptoxanthin Cryptoxanthin Cryptoxanthin is a natural carotenoid pigment. It has been isolated from a variety of sources including the petals and flowers of plants in the genus Physalis, orange rind, papaya, egg yolk, butter, apples, and bovine blood serum.-Chemistry:...	colour
161d	A			rubixanthin Rubixanthin Rubixanthin, or natural yellow 27, is a natural xanthophyll pigment with a red-orange color found in rose hips. As a food additive it used under the E number E161d as a food coloring; it is not approved for use in the USA or EU but is approved in Australia and New Zealand where it is listed as...	colour
161e	A			violaxanthin Violaxanthin Violaxanthin is a natural xanthophyll pigment with an orange color found in a variety of plants including pansies. It is biosynthesized from zeaxanthin by epoxidation. As a food additive it used under the E number E161e as a food coloring; it is not approved for use in the EU or USA however is...	colour
161f	A			rhodoxanthin Rhodoxanthin Rhodoxanthin is a xanthophyll pigment with a purple color that is found in small quantities in a variety plants including Taxus baccata. It is also found in the feathers of some birds...	colour
161g		E		canthaxanthin Canthaxanthin Canthaxanthin is a carotenoid pigment widely distributed in nature. Carotenoids belong to a larger class of phytochemicals known as terpenoids. The chemical formula of canthaxanthin is C40H52O2. It has E number E161g and is approved for use in the EU and USA however it is not approved for usage in...	colour
161h	?	?		zeaxanthin Zeaxanthin Zeaxanthin is one of the most common carotenoid alcohols found in nature. It is important in the xanthophyll cycle. Synthesized in plants & some micro-organisms, it is the pigment that gives paprika , corn, saffron, and many other plants & microbes their characteristic color.The name is derived...	colour
161i	?	?		citranaxanthin Citranaxanthin Citranaxanthin is a carotenoid pigment used as a food additive under the E number E161i as a food coloring. There are natural sources of citranaxanthin, but it is generally prepared synthetically. It is used as an animal feed additive to impart a yellow color to chicken fat and egg yolks....	colour
161j	?	?		astaxanthin Astaxanthin Astaxanthin is a carotenoid. It belongs to a larger class of phytochemicals known as terpenes. It is classified as a xanthophyll, which means "yellow leaves". Like many carotenoids, it is a colorful, lipid-soluble pigment. Astaxanthin is found in microalgae, yeast, salmon, trout, krill, shrimp,...	colour
162	A	E		beet red, beetroot Beetroot The beetroot, also known as the table beet, garden beet, red beet or informally simply as beet, is one of the many cultivated varieties of beets and arguably the most commonly encountered variety in North America, Central America and Britain.-Consumption:The usually deep-red roots of beetroot are...  red, betanin Betanin Betanin, or Beetroot Red, is a red glycosidic food dye obtained from beets; its aglycone, obtained by hydrolyzing away the glucose molecule, is betanidin. As a food additive, its E number is E162. Betanin degrades when subjected to light, heat, and oxygen; therefore, it is used in frozen products,...	colour
163	A	E		anthocyanins	colour
164	A			Saffron Saffron Saffron is a spice derived from the flower of Crocus sativus, commonly known as the saffron crocus. Crocus is a genus in the family Iridaceae. Each saffron crocus grows to and bears up to four flowers, each with three vivid crimson stigmas, which are each the distal end of a carpel... , crocetin Crocetin Crocetin is a natural carotenoid dicarboxylic acid that is found in the crocus flower and Gardenia jasminoides . It forms brick red crystals with a melting point of 285 °C....  and crocin Crocin Crocin is a natural carotenoid chemical compound that is found in the flowers crocus and gardenia. It is the diester formed from the disaccharide gentiobiose and the dicarboxylic acid crocetin. It has a deep red color and forms crystals with a melting point of 186 °C...
165				gardenia blue	colour
166				sandalwood Sandalwood Sandalwood is the name of a class of fragrant woods from trees in the genus Santalum. The woods are heavy, yellow, and fine-grained, and unlike many other aromatic woods they retain their fragrance for decades. As well as using the harvested and cut wood in-situ, essential oils are also extracted...	colour
170		E		calcium carbonate Calcium carbonate Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the formula CaCO3. It is a common substance found in rocks in all parts of the world, and is the main component of shells of marine organisms, snails, coal balls, pearls, and eggshells. Calcium carbonate is the active ingredient in agricultural lime,... s, chalk Chalk Chalk is a soft, white, porous sedimentary rock, a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite. Calcite is calcium carbonate or CaCO3. It forms under reasonably deep marine conditions from the gradual accumulation of minute calcite plates shed from micro-organisms called coccolithophores....	colour (white), anticaking agent, stabiliser
171	A	E		titanium dioxide Titanium dioxide Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium oxide or titania, is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium, chemical formula . When used as a pigment, it is called titanium white, Pigment White 6, or CI 77891. Generally it comes in two different forms, rutile and anatase. It has a wide range of...	colour (white)
172	A	E		iron oxide Iron oxide Iron oxides are chemical compounds composed of iron and oxygen. All together, there are sixteen known iron oxides and oxyhydroxides.Iron oxides and oxide-hydroxides are widespread in nature, play an important role in many geological and biological processes, and are widely utilized by humans, e.g.,... s and hydroxides	colour
173		E		aluminium Aluminium Aluminium or aluminum is a silvery white member of the boron group of chemical elements. It has the symbol Al, and its atomic number is 13. It is not soluble in water under normal circumstances....	colour (silver)
174		E		silver Silver Silver is a metallic chemical element with the chemical symbol Ag and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it has the highest electrical conductivity of any element and the highest thermal conductivity of any metal...	colour (silver)
175		E		gold Gold Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au and an atomic number of 79. Gold is a dense, soft, shiny, malleable and ductile metal. Pure gold has a bright yellow color and luster traditionally considered attractive, which it maintains without oxidizing in air or water. Chemically, gold is a...	colour (gold)
180		E		litholrubine, Lithol Rubine BK Lithol Rubine BK Lithol Rubine BK is a reddish synthetic azo dye. It has the appearance of a red powder. It is slightly soluble in hot water, insoluble in cold water, and insoluble in ethanol. When dissolved in dimethylformamide, its absorption maximum lies at about 442 nm. It usually comes as a calcium salt.It is... , Pigment Rubine, latolrubine	colour
181		E		tannin Tannin A tannin is an astringent, bitter plant polyphenolic compound that binds to and precipitates proteins and various other organic compounds including amino acids and alkaloids.The term tannin refers to the use of... s	colour, emulsifier, stabiliser, thickener
182				orchil	colour
200		E		sorbic acid Sorbic acid Sorbic acid, or 2,4-hexadienoic acid, is a natural organic compound used as a food preservative. It has the chemical formula C6H8O2. It is a colourless solid that is slightly soluble in water and sublimes readily...		preservative Preservative A preservative is a naturally occurring or synthetically produced substance that is added to products such as foods, pharmaceuticals, paints, biological samples, wood, etc. to prevent decomposition by microbial growth or by undesirable chemical changes....
201				sodium sorbate Sodium sorbate Sodium sorbate is the sodium salt of sorbic acid.Formula is NaC6H7O2; systematic name is "sodium -hexa-2,4-dienoate".It is a food additive with E-number E201....	preservative
202		E		potassium sorbate Potassium sorbate Potassium sorbate is the potassium salt of sorbic acid, chemical formula C6H7KO2. Its primary use is as a food preservative . Potassium sorbate is effective in a variety of applications including food, wine, and personal care products....	preservative
203		E		calcium sorbate Calcium sorbate Calcium sorbate is the calcium salt of sorbic acid. Calcium sorbate is a polyunsaturated fatty acid salt.It is a commonly-used food preservative; its E number is E203....	preservative
209				heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate Heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate Heptylparaben is a compound with formula C7H15. It is a paraben which is the heptyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid.As a food additive it has E number E209, and is used as a preservative....	preservative
210		E		benzoic acid Benzoic acid Benzoic acid , C7H6O2 , is a colorless crystalline solid and the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid. The name derived from gum benzoin, which was for a long time the only source for benzoic acid. Its salts are used as a food preservative and benzoic acid is an important precursor for the synthesis...	preservative
211	A	E		sodium benzoate Sodium benzoate Sodium benzoate has the chemical formula NaC6H5CO2; it is a widely used food preservative, with E number E211. It is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid.-Uses:Sodium benzoate is a...	preservative
212	A	E		potassium benzoate Potassium benzoate Potassium benzoate , the potassium salt of benzoic acid, is a food preservative that inhibits the growth of mold, yeast and some bacteria...	preservative
213	A	E		calcium benzoate Calcium benzoate Calcium benzoate refers to the calcium salt of benzoic acid. When used in the food industry as a preservative, its E number is E213 ; it is approved for use as a food additive in the EU, USA and Australia and New Zealand....	preservative
214		E		ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate Ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate Ethylparaben is the ethyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. Its formula is HO-C6H4-CO-O-CH2CH3. It is a member of the class of compounds known as parabens.It is used as an antifungal preservative...	preservative
215		E		sodium ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate	preservative
216	A			propylparaben (propyl para-hydroxybenzoate)	preservative
217				sodium propyl para-hydroxybenzoate	preservative
218	A	E		methylparaben Methylparaben Methylparaben, also methyl paraben, one of the parabens, is a preservative with the chemical formula CH3. It is the methyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid.-Occurrence:...  (methyl para-hydroxybenzoate)	preservative
219		E		sodium methyl para-hydroxybenzoate Sodium methyl para-hydroxybenzoate Sodium methyl para-hydroxybenzoate is a compound with formula Na. It is the sodium salt of methylparaben.It is a food additive with the E number E219 which is used as a preservative....	preservative
220	A	E		sulfur dioxide Sulfur dioxide Sulfur dioxide is the chemical compound with the formula . It is released by volcanoes and in various industrial processes. Since coal and petroleum often contain sulfur compounds, their combustion generates sulfur dioxide unless the sulfur compounds are removed before burning the fuel...	preservative, antioxidant
221	A	E		sodium sulfite Sodium sulfite Sodium sulfite is a soluble sodium salt of sulfurous acid. It is a product of sulfur dioxide scrubbing, a part of the flue gas desulfurization process...	preservative, antioxidant
222	A	E		sodium bisulfite Sodium bisulfite Sodium bisulfite is a chemical compound with the chemical formula NaHSO3. Sodium bisulfite is a food additive with E number E222. This salt of bisulfite can be prepared by bubbling sulfur dioxide in a solution of sodium carbonate in water...  (sodium hydrogen sulfite)	preservative, antioxidant
223	A	E		sodium metabisulfite Sodium metabisulfite Sodium metabisulfite or sodium pyrosulfite is an inorganic compound of chemical formula Na2S2O5. The substance is sometimes referred to as disodium...	preservative, antioxidant, bleaching agent
224	A	E		potassium metabisulfite Potassium metabisulfite Potassium metabisulfite, K2S2O5, also known as potassium pyrosulfite, is a white crystalline powder with a pungent sulfur odour. The main use for the chemical is as an antioxidant or chemical sterilant. It is a disulfite and is chemically very similar to sodium metabisulfite, with which it is...	preservative, antioxidant
225	A			potassium sulfite Potassium sulfite Potassium sulfite is a chemical compound which is the salt of potassium cation and sulfite anion. As a food additive it is used as a preservative under the E number E225 . It is approved for use in Australia and New Zealand and is not approved in the EU.... , sodium sulfite Sodium sulfite Sodium sulfite is a soluble sodium salt of sulfurous acid. It is a product of sulfur dioxide scrubbing, a part of the flue gas desulfurization process...	preservative, antioxidant
226		E		calcium sulfite Calcium sulfite Calcium sulfite, or calcium sulphite, is a chemical compound which is the calcium salt of sulfurous acid with the molecular formula CaSO3. As a food additive it is used as a preservative under the E number E226...	preservative, antioxidant
227		E		calcium bisulfite Calcium bisulfite Calcium bisulfite is an inorganic compound which is the salt of a calcium cation and a bisulfite anion. It may be prepared by reacting lime with an excess of sulfurous acid, essentially a mixture of sulfur dioxide and water. It is a weak reducing agent, as is sulfur dioxide, sulfites, and any... , calcium hydrogen sulfite	preservative, antioxidant
228	A	E		potassium bisulfite Potassium bisulfite Potassium hydrogen sulfite or potassium bisulfite is a chemical compound with the chemical formula KHSO3. It is used during the production of alcoholic beverages as a sterilising agent. This additive is classified as E number E228 under the current EU approved food additive.... , potassium hydrogen sulfite	preservative, antioxidant
230		E		biphenyl Biphenyl Biphenyl is an organic compound that forms colorless crystals. It has a distinctively pleasant smell. Biphenyl is an aromatic hydrocarbon with a molecular formula 2... , diphenyl	preservative
231		E		orthophenyl phenol, 2-hydroxybiphenyl	preservative
232		E		sodium orthophenyl phenol Sodium orthophenyl phenol Sodium orthophenyl phenol is a compound used as a disinfectant. It is the sodium salt of 2-phenylphenol.As a food additive, it has E number E232....	preservative
233				thiabendazole Thiabendazole Tiabendazole is a fungicide and parasiticide.-Fungicide:...	preservative
234	A	E		nisin Nisin Nisin is a polycyclic antibacterial peptide with 34 amino acid residues used as a food preservative. It contains the uncommon amino acids lanthionine , methyllanthionine , didehydroalanine and didehydroaminobutyric acid . These unusual amino acids are introduced by posttranslational modification...	preservative
235	A	E		pimaricin, natamycin Natamycin Natamycin , also known as pimaricin, is a naturally occurring antifungal agent produced during fermentation by the bacterium Streptomyces natalensis, commonly found in soil. Natamycin has a very low solubility in water, however, natamycin is effective at very low levels. Most molds have an MIC of...	preservative
236				formic acid Formic acid Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic acid. Its chemical formula is HCOOH or HCO2H. It is an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and occurs naturally, most notably in the venom of bee and ant stings. In fact, its name comes from the Latin word for ant, formica, referring to its early...	preservative
237				sodium formate Sodium formate Sodium formate, HCOONa, is the sodium salt of formic acid, HCOOH. It usually appears as a white deliquescent powder.-Uses:Sodium formate is used in several fabric dyeing and printing processes...	preservative
238				calcium formate Calcium formate Calcium formate, Ca2, is the calcium salt of formic acid, HCOOH. It is also known as food additive E238 in food industry. The mineral form is very rare and called formicaite. It is known from a few boron deposits. It may be produced synthetically by reacting calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide with...	preservative
239		E		hexamine Hexamine Hexamethylenetetramine is a heterocyclic organic compound with the formula 6N4. This white crystalline compound is highly soluble in water and polar organic solvents. It has a cage-like structure similar to adamantane. It is useful in the synthesis of other chemical compounds, e.g. plastics,...  (hexamethylene tetramine)	preservative
240				formaldehyde Formaldehyde Formaldehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2O. It is the simplest aldehyde, hence its systematic name methanal.Formaldehyde is a colorless gas with a characteristic pungent odor. It is an important precursor to many other chemical compounds, especially for polymers...	preservative
241				gum guaicum Gum guaicum Gum guaicum is a substance produced from the tree species Guaiacum officinale. It is allowed to be used as food additive in some countries and is registered under the E number E314....	preservative
242	A	E		dimethyl dicarbonate Dimethyl dicarbonate Dimethyl dicarbonate or DMDC is a colourless liquid with a sharp odour. Its primary use is as a beverage preservative and or processing aid or sterilant , and acts by inhibiting the enzymes acetate kinase and L-glutamic acid decarboxylase...	preservative
249	A	E		potassium nitrite Potassium nitrite Potassium nitrite is a salt with chemical formula 2.It is a strong oxidizer and may accelerate the combustion of other materials. Like other nitrite salts such as sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite is toxic if swallowed, and laboratory tests suggest that it may be mutagenic or teratogenic...	preservative, colour fixative
250	A	E		sodium nitrite Sodium nitrite Sodium nitrite is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula NaNO2. It is a white to slight yellowish crystalline powder that is very soluble in water and is hygroscopic...	preservative, colour fixative
251	A	E		sodium nitrate Sodium nitrate Sodium nitrate is the chemical compound with the formula NaNO3. This salt, also known as Chile saltpeter or Peru saltpeter to distinguish it from ordinary saltpeter, potassium nitrate, is a white solid which is very soluble in water...	preservative, colour fixative
252	A			potassium nitrate Potassium nitrate Potassium nitrate is a chemical compound with the formula KNO3. It is an ionic salt of potassium ions K+ and nitrate ions NO3−.It occurs as a mineral niter and is a natural solid source of nitrogen. Its common names include saltpetre , from medieval Latin sal petræ: "stone salt" or possibly "Salt...	preservative, colour fixative
260	A	E		glacial acetic acid Acetic acid Acetic acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3CO2H . It is a colourless liquid that when undiluted is also called glacial acetic acid. Acetic acid is the main component of vinegar , and has a distinctive sour taste and pungent smell...	preservative, acidity regulator
261	A	E		potassium acetate Potassium acetate Potassium acetate is the potassium salt of acetic acid.-Preparation:It can be prepared by reacting a potassium-containing base such as potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate with acetic acid:... s	preservative, acidity regulator
262	A	E		sodium acetate Sodium acetate Sodium acetate, CH3COONa, also abbreviated NaOAc, also sodium ethanoate, is the sodium salt of acetic acid. This colourless salt has a wide range of uses.-Industrial:... , sodium hydrogen acetate	preservative, acidity regulator
263	A	E		calcium acetate Calcium acetate The chemical compound calcium acetate is the calcium salt of acetic acid. It has the formula Ca2. Its standard name is calcium acetate, while calcium ethanoate is the systematic IUPAC name. An older name is acetate of lime...	preservative, acidity regulator
264	A			ammonium acetate Ammonium acetate Ammonium acetate is a chemical compound with the formula CH3COONH4 . It is a white solid, which can be derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid...	preservative, acidity regulator
265				dehydroacetic acid Dehydroacetic acid Dehydroacetic acid is a pyrone derivative used mostly as a fungicide and bactericide. It is used to reduce pickle bloating as a preservative for squash and strawberries.Also used in antienzyme toothpastes....	preservative
266				sodium dehydroacetate	preservative
270	A	E		lactic acid Lactic acid Lactic acid, also known as milk acid, is a chemical compound that plays a role in various biochemical processes and was first isolated in 1780 by the Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele. Lactic acid is a carboxylic acid with the chemical formula C3H6O3...	acidity regulator, preservative, antioxidant
280	A	E		propionic acid Propionic acid Propanoic acid is a naturally occurring carboxylic acid with chemical formula CH3CH2COOH. It is a clear liquid with a pungent odor...	preservative
281	A	E		sodium propionate Sodium propionate Sodium propanoate or sodium propionate is the sodium salt of propionic acid which has the chemical formula Na.-Uses:It is used as a food preservative and is represented by the food labeling E number E281 in Europe; it is used primarily as a mold inhibitor in bakery products...	preservative
282	A	E		calcium propionate Calcium propionate Calcium propanoate or calcium propionate has the formula Ca2. It is the calcium salt of propanoic acid.-Uses:As a food additive, it is listed as E number 282 in the Codex Alimentarius. Calcium propanoate is used as a preservative in a wide variety of products, including but not limited to bread,...	preservative
283	A	E		potassium propionate Potassium propionate Potassium propanoate or potassium propionate has formula K. Its melting point is 410 °C. It is the potassium salt of propanoic acid.-Use:...	preservative
284		E		boric acid Boric acid Boric acid, also called hydrogen borate or boracic acid or orthoboric acid or acidum boricum, is a weak acid of boron often used as an antiseptic, insecticide, flame retardant, as a neutron absorber, and as a precursor of other chemical compounds. It exists in the form of colorless crystals or a...	preservative
285		E		sodium tetraborate, borax Borax Borax, also known as sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, or disodium tetraborate, is an important boron compound, a mineral, and a salt of boric acid. It is usually a white powder consisting of soft colorless crystals that dissolve easily in water.Borax has a wide variety of uses...	preservative
290	A	E		carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide is a naturally occurring chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom...	acidity regulator, propellant
296	A	E		malic acid Malic acid Malic acid is an organic compound with the formula HO2CCH2CHOHCO2H. It is a dicarboxylic acid which is made by all living organisms, contributes to the pleasantly sour taste of fruits, and is used as a food additive. Malic acid has two stereoisomeric forms , though only the L-isomer exists...	acidity regulator
297	A	E		fumaric acid Fumaric acid Fumaric acid or trans-butenedioic acid is the chemical compound with the formula HO2CCH=CHCO2H. This white crystalline compound is one of two isomeric unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, the other being maleic acid. In fumaric acid the carboxylic acid groups are trans and in maleic acid they are cis...	acidity regulator
300	A	E		ascorbic acid Ascorbic acid Ascorbic acid is a naturally occurring organic compound with antioxidant properties. It is a white solid, but impure samples can appear yellowish. It dissolves well in water to give mildly acidic solutions. Ascorbic acid is one form of vitamin C. The name is derived from a- and scorbutus , the...		antioxidant Antioxidant An antioxidant is a molecule capable of inhibiting the oxidation of other molecules. Oxidation is a chemical reaction that transfers electrons or hydrogen from a substance to an oxidizing agent. Oxidation reactions can produce free radicals. In turn, these radicals can start chain reactions. When...  (water soluble)
301	A	E		sodium ascorbate Ascorbic acid Ascorbic acid is a naturally occurring organic compound with antioxidant properties. It is a white solid, but impure samples can appear yellowish. It dissolves well in water to give mildly acidic solutions. Ascorbic acid is one form of vitamin C. The name is derived from a- and scorbutus , the...	antioxidant (water soluble)
302	A	E		calcium ascorbate Ascorbic acid Ascorbic acid is a naturally occurring organic compound with antioxidant properties. It is a white solid, but impure samples can appear yellowish. It dissolves well in water to give mildly acidic solutions. Ascorbic acid is one form of vitamin C. The name is derived from a- and scorbutus , the...	antioxidant (water soluble)
303	A			potassium ascorbate Ascorbic acid Ascorbic acid is a naturally occurring organic compound with antioxidant properties. It is a white solid, but impure samples can appear yellowish. It dissolves well in water to give mildly acidic solutions. Ascorbic acid is one form of vitamin C. The name is derived from a- and scorbutus , the...	antioxidant (water soluble)
304	A	E		ascorbyl palmitate Ascorbyl palmitate Ascorbyl palmitate is an ester formed from ascorbic acid and palmitic acid creating a fat-soluble form of vitamin C. In addition to its use as a source of vitamin C, it is also used as an antioxidant food additive... , ascorbyl stearate Ascorbyl stearate Ascorbyl stearate is an ester formed from ascorbic acid and stearic acid. In addition to its use as a source of vitamin C, it is used as an antioxidant food additive in margarine . The USDA limits its use to 0.02% individually or in conjunction with other antioxidants....	antioxidant (fat soluble)
306	A	E		tocopherol Tocopherol Tocopherols are a class of chemical compounds of which many have vitamin E activity. It is a series of organic compounds consisting of various methylated phenols...  concentrate (natural)	antioxidant
307	A	E		dl-alpha-tocopherol (synthetic)	antioxidant
308	A	E		gamma-tocopherol Gamma-tocopherol γ-Tocopherol is one of the chemical compounds that is considered vitamin E. As a food additive, it has E number E308.See the main article tocopherol for more information.-See also:* alpha-Tocopherol* beta-Tocopherol* delta-Tocopherol... (synthetic)	antioxidant
309	A	E		delta-tocopherol Delta-tocopherol δ-Tocopherol is one of the chemical compounds that is considered vitamin E. As a food additive, it has E number E309.See the main article tocopherol for more information.-See also:* alpha-Tocopherol* beta-Tocopherol* gamma-Tocopherol... (synthetic)	antioxidant
310	A	E		propyl gallate Propyl gallate Propyl gallate, or propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate is an ester formed by the condensation of gallic acid and propanol. Since 1948, this antioxidant has been added to foods containing oils and fats to prevent oxidation. As a food additive, it is used under the E number E310.-Description:Propyl...	antioxidant
311	A	E		octyl gallate Octyl gallate Octyl gallate is the ester of octanol and gallic acid. As a food additive it is used under the E number E311 as an antioxidant and preservative....	antioxidant
312	A	E		dodecyl gallate Dodecyl gallate Dodecyl gallate, or lauryl gallate, is the ester of dodecanol and gallic acid. As a food additive it is used under the E number E312 as an antioxidant and preservative....	antioxidant
315	A	E		erythorbic acid Erythorbic acid Erythorbic acid, formerly known as isoascorbic acid and D-araboascorbic acid, is a stereoisomer of ascorbic acid . It is a vegetable-derived food additive produced from sucrose. It is denoted by E number E315, and is widely used as an antioxidant in processed foods.Clinical trials have been...	antioxidant
316	A	E		sodium erythorbate Sodium erythorbate Sodium erythorbate is a food additive used predominantly in meats, poultry, and soft drinks. Chemically, it is the sodium salt of erythorbic acid. Sodium Erythorbate is structurally related to Vitamin C and is a antioxidant...	antioxidant
317	?	?		erythorbin acid	antioxidant
318	?	?		sodium erythorbin	antioxidant
319	A			tert-butylhydroquinone Tert-Butylhydroquinone tert-Butylhydroquinone is an aromatic organic compound which is a type of phenol. It is a derivative of hydroquinone, substituted with tert-butyl group.-Applications:...	antioxidant
320	A	E		butylated hydroxyanisole Butylated hydroxyanisole Butylated hydroxyanisole is an antioxidant consisting of a mixture of two isomeric organic compounds, 2-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole and 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole. It is prepared from 4-methoxyphenol and isobutylene. It is a waxy solid used as a food additive with the E number E320...  (BHA)	antioxidant (fat soluble)
321	A	E		butylated hydroxytoluene Butylated hydroxytoluene Butylated hydroxytoluene , also known as butylhydroxytoluene, is a lipophilic organic compound that is primarily used as an antioxidant food additive as well as an antioxidant additive in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, jet fuels, rubber, petroleum products, electrical transformer oil, and embalming...  (BHT)	antioxidant (fat soluble)
322	A	E		lecithin Lecithin Lecithin is a generic term to designate any group of yellow-brownish fatty substances occurring in animal and plant tissues, and in egg yolk, composed of phosphoric acid, choline, fatty acids, glycerol, glycolipids, triglycerides, and phospholipids .The word lecithin was originally coined in 1847 by... s	antioxidant, emulsifier
325	A	E		sodium lactate Sodium lactate Sodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid produced by fermentation of a sugar source, such as corn or beets, and then neutralizing the resulting lactic acid to create a compound having the formula NaC3H5O3. As a food additive, sodium lactate has the E number E325 and naturally is a liquid...	food acid
326	A	E		potassium lactate Potassium lactate Potassium lactate is a compound with formula KC3H5O3, or H3C-CHOH-COOK. It is the potassium salt of lactic acid. It is produced by neutralizing lactic acid which is fermented from a sugar source. It has E number "E326"...	food acid
327	A	E		calcium lactate Calcium lactate Calcium lactate is a white crystalline salt made by the action of lactic acid on calcium carbonate. It is used in foods and given medicinally. Its E number is E327.Calcium lactate is often found in aged cheeses...	food acid
328	A			ammonium lactate Ammonium lactate Ammonium lactate is a compound with formula NH4. It is the ammonium salt of lactic acid.It has E number "E328"....	food acid
329	A			magnesium lactate Magnesium lactate Magnesium lactate, the magnesium salt of lactic acid, is a mineral supplement.Added to some food and beverages as an acidity regulator and labeled as E329....	food acid
330	A	E		citric acid Citric acid Citric acid is a weak organic acid. It is a natural preservative/conservative and is also used to add an acidic, or sour, taste to foods and soft drinks...	food acid
331	A	E		sodium citrate Sodium citrate Trisodium citrate has the chemical formula of Na3C6H5O7. It is sometimes referred to simply as sodium citrate, though sodium citrate can refer to any of the three sodium salts of citric acid. It possesses a saline, mildly tart flavor. For this reason, citrates of certain alkaline and alkaline earth... s	food acid
332	A	E		potassium citrate Potassium citrate Potassium citrate is a potassium salt of citric acid with the molecular formula C6H5K3O7. It is a white, slightly hygroscopic crystalline powder. It is odorless with a saline taste.... s	food acid
333	A	E		calcium citrate Calcium citrate Calcium citrate is the calcium salt of citric acid. It is commonly used as a food additive , usually as a preservative, but sometimes for flavor. In this sense, it is similar to sodium citrate. Calcium citrate is also used as a water softener because the citrate ions can chelate unwanted metal... s	food acid, firming agent
334	A	E		L(+)-tartaric acid Tartaric acid Tartaric acid is a white crystalline diprotic organic acid. It occurs naturally in many plants, particularly grapes, bananas, and tamarinds; is commonly combined with baking soda to function as a leavening agent in recipes, and is one of the main acids found in wine. It is added to other foods to...	food acid
335	A	E		sodium tartrate Sodium tartrate Sodium tartrate is used as an emulsifier and a binding agent in food products such as jellies, margarine, and sausage casings. As a food additive, it is known by the E number E335.... s	food acid
336	A	E		potassium tartrate Potassium tartrate Potassium tartrate, dipotassium tartrate or argol has formula K2C4H4O6. It is the potassium salt of tartaric acid. It is often confused with potassium bitartrate, also known as cream of tartar... s	food acid
337	A	E		potassium sodium tartrate Potassium sodium tartrate Potassium sodium tartrate is a double salt first prepared by an apothecary, Pierre Seignette, of La Rochelle, France. As a result the salt was known as Seignette's salt or Rochelle salt....	food acid
338	A	E		phosphoric acid Phosphoric acid Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid or phosphoric acid, is a mineral acid having the chemical formula H3PO4. Orthophosphoric acid molecules can combine with themselves to form a variety of compounds which are also referred to as phosphoric acids, but in a more general way...	food acid
339	A	E		sodium phosphates Trisodium phosphate Trisodium phosphate is a cleaning agent, food additive, stain remover and degreaser. It is a white, granular or crystalline solid, highly soluble in water producing an alkaline solution....		mineral Mineral A mineral is a naturally occurring solid chemical substance formed through biogeochemical processes, having characteristic chemical composition, highly ordered atomic structure, and specific physical properties. By comparison, a rock is an aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids and does not...  salt Salt In chemistry, salts are ionic compounds that result from the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base. They are composed of cations and anions so that the product is electrically neutral...
340	A	E		potassium phosphate Potassium phosphate Potassium phosphate is a generic term for the salts of potassium and phosphate ions including:* Monopotassium phosphate * Dipotassium phosphate * Tripotassium phosphate... s	mineral salt
341	A	E		calcium phosphate Calcium phosphate Calcium phosphate is the name given to a family of minerals containing calcium ions together with orthophosphates , metaphosphates or pyrophosphates and occasionally hydrogen or hydroxide ions .... s	mineral salt, anti-caking agent, firming agent
342	A			ammonium phosphate Ammonium phosphate Ammonium phosphate is the salt of ammonia and phosphoric acid. It has the formula 3PO4 and consists of ammonium cations and phosphate anion. It is obtained as a crystalline powder upon mixing concentrated solutions of ammonia and phosphoric acid, or on the addition of excess of ammonia to the... s	mineral salt
343	A	E		magnesium phosphate Magnesium phosphate Magnesium phosphate is a general term for salts of magnesium and phosphate appearing in three forms:* Magnesium phosphate monobasic * Magnesium phosphate dibasic * Magnesium phosphate tribasic... s	mineral salt, anti-caking agent
344				lecithin citrate	preservative
345				magnesium citrate Magnesium citrate Magnesium citrate, a magnesium salt of citric acid, is a chemical agent used medicinally as a saline laxative and to completely empty the bowel prior to a major surgery or colonoscopy. It is available without a prescription, both as a generic brand or under the brand name Citromag or Citroma. It is...	acidity regulator
349	A			ammonium malate Ammonium malate Ammonium malate is a compound with formula NH4. It is the ammonium salt of malic acid.It has E number "E349"....	food acid
350	A	E		sodium malate Sodium malate Sodium malate is a compound with formula Na2. It is the sodium salt of malic acid. As a food additive, it has the E number E350.... s	food acid
351	A	E		potassium malate Potassium malate Potassium malate is a compound with formula K2. It is the potassium salt of malic acid.As a food additive, it has the E number E351. It is used as acidity regulator or acidifier for use in, for example, canned vegetables, soups, sauces, fruit products and soft drinks. It also acts as an...	food acid
352	A	E		calcium malate Calcium malate Calcium malate is a compound with formula Ca. It is the calcium salt of malic acid. As a food additive, it has the E number E352.It is related to, but different from, calcium citrate malate.... s	food acid
353	A	E		metatartaric acid	food acid, emulsifier
354	A	E		calcium tartrate Calcium tartrate Calcium tartrate is a byproduct of the wine industry, prepared from wine fermentation dregs. It is the calcium salt of tartaric acid, an acid most commonly found in ripe grapes. Its solubility decreases with colder temperature, which results in the forming of whitish crystalline clusters as it...	food acid, emulsifier
355	A	E		adipic acid Adipic acid Adipic acid is the organic compound with the formula 42. From the industrial perspective, it is the most important dicarboxylic acid: About 2.5 billion kilograms of this white crystalline powder are produced annually, mainly as a precursor for the production of nylon...	food acid
356		E		sodium adipate Sodium adipate Sodium adipate is a compound with formula Na2C6H8O4. It is the sodium salt of adipic acid.It has E number "E356"....	food acid
357	A	E		potassium adipate Potassium adipate Potassium adipate is a compound with formula K2C6H8O4. It is the potassium salt of adipic acid.It has E number "E357"....	food acid
359				ammonium adipate Ammonium adipate Ammonium adipate is a compound with formula 2 or NH4OOC-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-COONH4. It is the ammonium salt of adipic acid.It has E number "E359".... s	acidity regulator
363		E		succinic acid Succinic acid Succinic acid is a dicarboxylic acid. Succinate plays a biochemical role in the citric acid cycle. The name derives from Latin succinum, meaning amber, from which the acid may be obtained....	food acid
364				sodium succinates	acidity regulator, flavour enhancer
365	A			sodium fumarate Sodium fumarate Sodium fumarate, also called disodium fumarate, is a compound with the molecular formula Na2C4H2O4. It is the sodium salt of fumaric acid, used as an acidity regulator in processed foods. Sodium fumarate and fumaric acid are sometimes used as terminal electron acceptors in the cultivation of...	food acid
366	A			potassium fumarate Potassium fumarate Potassium fumarate is a compound with formula K2C4H2O4. It is the potassium salt of fumaric acid.It has E number "E366"....	food acid
367	A			calcium fumarate Calcium fumarate Calcium fumarate is a compound with formula Ca or Ca. It is a calcium salt of fumaric acid.It has E number "E367"....	food acid
368	A			ammonium fumarate Ammonium fumarate Ammonium fumarate is a compound with formula 2 or NH4OOC-CH=CH-COONH4. It is the ammonium salt of fumaric acid.It has E number "E368"....	food acid
370				1,4-heptonolactone	food acid
375	A			niacin Niacin "Niacin" redirects here. For the neo-fusion band, see Niacin .Niacin is an organic compound with the formula and, depending on the definition used, one of the forty to eighty essential human nutrients.Niacin is one of five vitamins associated with a pandemic deficiency disease: niacin deficiency...  (nicotinic acid), nicotinamide Nicotinamide Nicotinamide, also known as niacinamide and nicotinic acid amide, is the amide of nicotinic acid . Nicotinamide is a water-soluble vitamin and is part of the vitamin B group...  (vitamin B3)	colour retention agent
380	A	E		triammonium citrate	food acid
381	A			ferric ammonium citrate, ammonium ferrocitrate	food acid
384				isopropyl citrates	antioxidant, preservative
385	A	E		calcium disodium EDTA	preservative
386				disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate	antioxidant, preservative
387				oxystearin	antioxidant, sequestrant
388				thiodipropionic acid	antioxidant
389				dilauryl thiodipropionate	antioxidant
390				distearyl thiodipropionate	antioxidant
391				phytic acid Phytic acid Phytic acid is the principal storage form of phosphorus in many plant tissues, especially bran and seeds. Phytate is not digestible to humans or nonruminant animals, however, so it is not a source of either inositol or phosphate if eaten directly...	preservative
399				calcium lactobionate	stabilizer
400	A	E		alginic acid Alginic acid Alginic acid, also called algin or alginate, is an anionic polysaccharide distributed widely in the cell walls of brown algae, where it, through binding water, forms a viscous gum. In extracted form it absorbs water quickly; it is capable of absorbing 200-300 times its own weight in water. Its...	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier
401	A	E		sodium alginate	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier
402	A	E		potassium alginate	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier
403	A	E		ammonium alginate	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier
404	A	E		calcium alginate Calcium alginate Calcium alginate is a water-insoluble, gelatinous, cream coloured substance that can be created through the addition of aqueous calcium chloride to aqueous sodium alginate. Adding artificial flavours and colours creates a more tasty edible slime...	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier
405	A	E		propylene glycol alginate Propylene glycol alginate Propylene glycol alginate is an emulsifier, stabilizer, and thickener used in food products. It is a food additive with E number E405. Chemically, propylene glycol alginate is an ester of alginic acid, which is derived from kelp... , propane-1,2-diol alginate	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, emulsifier
406	A	E		agar Agar Agar or agar-agar is a gelatinous substance derived from a polysaccharide that accumulates in the cell walls of agarophyte red algae. Throughout history into modern times, agar has been chiefly used as an ingredient in desserts throughout Asia and also as a solid substrate to contain culture medium...	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent
407	A	E		carrageenan Carrageenan Carrageenans or carrageenins are a family of linear sulfated polysaccharides that are extracted from red seaweeds. There are several varieties of carrageen used in cooking and baking. Kappa-carrageenan is used mostly in breading and batter due to its gelling nature...	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier
407a	A	E		processed eucheuma Eucheuma Eucheuma is a general term used to describe a group of red seaweeds/seaplants representing the Tribe Eucheumatoideae, used in the production of Carrageenan, an important product used in cosmetics, food processing and industrial uses, as well as a food source for those living in Indonesia and the...  seaweed	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier
409	A			arabinogalactan Arabinogalactan Arabinogalactan is a biopolymer consisting of arabinose and galactose monosaccharides. Two classes of arabinogalactans are found in nature: plant arabinogalactan and microbial arabinogalactan. In plants, it is a major constituent of many gums, including gum arabic, gum gutti and so on...	thickener, vegetable gum
410	A	E		locust bean gum Locust bean gum Locust bean gum is a galactomannan vegetable gum extracted from the seeds of the carob tree, mostly found in the Mediterranean region. The long pods that grow on the tree are used to make this gum. The pods are kibbled to separate the seed from the pulp...	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifier
412	A	E		guar gum Guar gum Guar gum, also called guaran, is a galactomannan. It is primarily the ground endosperm of guar beans. The guar seeds are dehusked, milled and screened to obtain the guar gum. It is typically produced as a free-flowing, pale, off-white-colored, coarse to fine ground powder.-Production:Guar gum is an...	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer
413	A	E		tragacanth Tragacanth Tragacanth is a natural gum obtained from the dried sap of several species of Middle Eastern legumes of the genus Astragalus, including A. adscendens, A. gummifer, A. brachycalyx, and A. tragacanthus. Some of these species are known collectively under the common names "goat's thorn" and "locoweed"...	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, emulsifier
414	A	E		gum acacia, gum arabic Gum arabic 220px|thumb|right|Acacia gumGum arabic, also known as acacia gum, chaar gund, char goond, or meska, is a natural gum made of hardened sap taken from two species of the acacia tree; Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal...	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, emulsifier
415	A	E		xanthan gum Xanthan gum Xanthan gum is a polysaccharide, derived from the bacterial coat of Xanthomonas campestris, used as a food additive and rheology modifier, commonly used as a food thickening agent and a stabilizer...	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer
416	A	E		karaya gum	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, emulsifier
417		E		tara gum	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer
418	A	E		gellan gum Gellan gum Gellan gum is a water-soluble polysaccharide produced by Pseudomonas elodea, a bacterium.-Chemical structure:The repeating unit of the polymer is a tetrasaccharide, which consists of two residues of D-glucose and one of each residues of L-rhamnose and D-glucuronic acid...	thickener, vegetable gum, stabilizer, emulsifier
420	A	E		sorbitol Sorbitol Sorbitol, also known as glucitol, Sorbogem® and Sorbo®, is a sugar alcohol that the human body metabolizes slowly. It can be obtained by reduction of glucose, changing the aldehyde group to a hydroxyl group. Sorbitol is found in apples, pears, peaches, and prunes...	humectant, emulsifier, sweetener
421	A	E		mannitol Mannitol Mannitol is a white, crystalline organic compound with the formula . This polyol is used as an osmotic diuretic agent and a weak renal vasodilator...	humectant, anti-caking agent, sweetener
422	A	E		glycerin	humectant, sweetener
425		E		konjac Konjac Konjac , also known as konjak, konjaku, konnyaku potato, devil's tongue, voodoo lily, snake palm, or elephant yam , is a plant of the genus Amorphophallus... , konjac gum, konjac glucomannate	thickener, vegetable gum
430		?		polyoxyethylene (8) stearate	emulsifier, stabilizer
431		E		polyoxyethylene (40) stearate	emulsifier
432		E		polysorbate 20	emulsifier
433	A	E		polysorbate 80 Polysorbate 80 Polysorbate 80 is a nonionic surfactant and emulsifier derived from polyethoxylated sorbitan and oleic acid, and is often used in foods. Polysorbate 80 is a viscous, water-soluble yellow liquid...	emulsifier
434		E		polysorbate 40	emulsifier
435	A	E		polysorbate 60	emulsifier
436	A	E		polysorbate 65	emulsifier
440	A	E		pectin Pectin Pectin is a structural heteropolysaccharide contained in the primary cell walls of terrestrial plants. It was first isolated and described in 1825 by Henri Braconnot...	vegetable gum, emulsifier
441	A	E		gelatin Gelatin Gelatin is a translucent, colorless, brittle , flavorless solid substance, derived from the collagen inside animals' skin and bones. It is commonly used as a gelling agent in food, pharmaceuticals, photography, and cosmetic manufacturing. Substances containing gelatin or functioning in a similar... e (not classified as an additive)		gelling agent, emulsifier
442	A	E		ammonium phosphatides	emulsifier
443	?			brominated vegetable oil Brominated vegetable oil Brominated vegetable oil is vegetable oil that has had atoms of the element bromine bonded to it. Brominated vegetable oil is used as an emulsifier in citrus-flavored soft drinks to help natural fat-soluble citrus flavors stay suspended in the drink and to produce a cloudy appearance...	emulsifier, stabiliser
444	A	E		sucrose acetate isobutyrate Sucrose acetate isobutyrate Sucrose acetoisobutyrate is an emulsifier and has E number E444. In the United States, SAIB is categorized as generally recognized as safe as a food additive.- Chemistry :...	emulsifier, stabiliser
445		E		glycerol esters of wood rosins	emulsifier
450	A	E		diphosphates	mineral salt, emulsifier
451	A	E		triphosphates	mineral salt, emulsifier
452	A	E		polyphosphate Polyphosphate Triphosphates are salts or esters of polymeric oxyanions formed from tetrahedral PO4 structural units linked together by sharing oxygen atoms. When two corners are shared the polyphosphate may have a linear chain structure or a cyclic ring structure. In biology the polyphosphate esters AMP, ADP... s	mineral salt, emulsifier
459		E		beta-cyclodextrin Cyclodextrin Cyclodextrins are a family of compounds made up of sugar molecules bound together in a ring ....	emulsifier
460	A	E		powdered cellulose Cellulose Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula , a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to over ten thousand β linked D-glucose units.... , microcrystalline cellulose	anti-caking agent
461	A	E		methylcellulose Methylcellulose Methyl cellulose is a chemical compound derived from cellulose. It is a hydrophilic white powder in pure form and dissolves in cold water, forming a clear viscous solution or gel. It is sold under a variety of trade names and is used as a thickener and emulsifier in various food and cosmetic...	thickener, emulsifier, vegetable gum
463		E		hydroxypropyl cellulose Hydroxypropyl cellulose Hydroxypropyl cellulose is a derivative of cellulose with both water solubility and organic solubility. It is used as a topical ophthalmic protectant and lubricant.-Chemistry:...	thickener, vegetable gum, emulsifier
464	A	E		hydroxypropyl methylcellulose	thickener, vegetable gum, emulsifier
465	A	E		methyl ethyl cellulose, ethyl methyl cellulose	thickener, vegetable gum, emulsifier
466	A	E		sodium carboxymethylcellulose	emulsifier
468				crosslinked sodium carboxymethylcellulose	emulsifier
469				enzymatically hydrolyzed carboxymethyl cellulose Carboxymethyl cellulose Carboxymethyl cellulose or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone...	emulsifier
470	A			magnesium stearate Magnesium stearate Magnesium stearate, also called octadecanoic acid, magnesium salt, is a white substance which is solid at room temperature. It has the chemical formula . It is a salt containing two equivalents of stearate and one magnesium cation...	emulsifier, stabiliser
470a		E		sodium, potassium and calcium salts of fatty acids	emulsifier, stabiliser, anti-caking agent
470b		E		magnesium salts of fatty acids	emulsifier, stabiliser, anti-caking agent
471	A	E		mono- and diglycerides of fatty acid Fatty acid In chemistry, especially biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with a long unbranched aliphatic tail , which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have a chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are usually derived from... s – glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl distearate	emulsifier
472a	A	E		acetic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids	emulsifier
472b	A	E		lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids	emulsifier
472c	A	E		citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids	emulsifier
472d	A	E		tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids	emulsifier
472e	A	E		diacetyltartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids DATEM DATEM is an emulsifier primarily used in baking. It is used to strengthen the dough by building a strong gluten network...	emulsifier
472f		E		mixed acetic and tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids	emulsifier
473	A	E		sucrose esters of fatty acids	emulsifier
474		E		sucroglycerides	emulsifier
475	A	E		polyglycerol esters of fatty acids	emulsifier
476	A	E		polyglycerol polyricinoleate Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate Polyglycerol polyricinoleate , E476, an emulsifier made from castor bean oils, reduces the viscosity of chocolate and similar coatings and compounds. It works by decreasing the friction between the particles of cacao, sugar, milk, etc. present so they can flow more easily when melted. It is used at...	emulsifier
477	A	E		propylene glycol esters of fatty acids	emulsifier
478	?	?		lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol	emulsifier
479b		E		thermally oxidised soya bean oil	emulsifier
480	A			dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate or docusate sodium – often referred to as DSS, Aerosol OT or AOT – is a common ingredient in consumer products, especially laxatives of the stool softener type...	emulsifier
481	A	E		sodium stearoyl lactylate Sodium stearoyl lactylate Sodium stearoyl lactate and calcium stearoyl lactate are organic compounds used as a food additives in the List of food additives, Codex Alimentarius....	emulsifier
482	A	E		calcium stearoyl lactylate	emulsifier
483		E		stearyl tartarate	emulsifier
491	A	E		sorbitan monostearate Sorbitan monostearate Sorbitan monostearate is an ester of sorbitan and stearic acid and is sometimes referred to as a synthetic wax. It is primarily used as an emulsifier to keep water and oils mixed. Sorbitan monostearate is used in the manufacture of food and healthcare products, and is a non-ionic surfactant with...	emulsifier
492	A	E		sorbitan tristearate Sorbitan tristearate Sorbitan tristearate is a nonionic surfactant. It is variously used as a dispersing agent, emulsifier, and stabilizer, in food and in aerosol sprays. As a food additive, it has the E number E492...	emulsifier
493				sorbitan monolaurate	emulsifier
494		E		sorbitan monooleate	emulsifier
495		E		sorbitan monopalmitate	emulsifier
500	A	E		sodium carbonate Sodium carbonate Sodium carbonate , Na2CO3 is a sodium salt of carbonic acid. It most commonly occurs as a crystalline heptahydrate, which readily effloresces to form a white powder, the monohydrate. Sodium carbonate is domestically well-known for its everyday use as a water softener. It can be extracted from the... , sodium bicarbonate (E500ii) Sodium bicarbonate Sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate is the chemical compound with the formula Na HCO3. Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline but often appears as a fine powder. It has a slightly salty, alkaline taste resembling that of washing soda . The natural mineral form is...	mineral salt
501	A	E		potassium carbonate Potassium carbonate Potassium carbonate is a white salt, soluble in water , which forms a strongly alkaline solution. It can be made as the product of potassium hydroxide's absorbent reaction with carbon dioxide. It is deliquescent, often appearing a damp or wet solid... , potassium bicarbonate Potassium bicarbonate Potassium bicarbonate , is a colorless, odorless, slightly basic, salty substance...	mineral salt
503	A	E		ammonium carbonate Ammonium carbonate Ammonium carbonate is a commercial salt with the chemical formula 2CO3. It is used when crushed as a smelling salt. It can be crushed when needed in order to revive someone who has fainted... , ammonium bicarbonate Ammonium bicarbonate Ammonium bicarbonate, a compound with formulaNH4, also called bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, hartshorn, AmBic or powdered baking ammonia, is the bicarbonate salt of ammonia....	mineral salt
504	A	E		magnesium carbonate Magnesium carbonate Magnesium carbonate, MgCO3, is a white solid that occurs in nature as a mineral. Several hydrated and basic forms of magnesium carbonate also exist as minerals...	anti-caking agent, mineral salt
507	A	E		hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric acid is a solution of hydrogen chloride in water, that is a highly corrosive, strong mineral acid with many industrial uses. It is found naturally in gastric acid....	acidity regulator
508	A	E		potassium chloride Potassium chloride The chemical compound potassium chloride is a metal halide salt composed of potassium and chlorine. In its pure state, it is odorless and has a white or colorless vitreous crystal appearance, with a crystal structure that cleaves easily in three directions. Potassium chloride crystals are...	mineral salt
509	A	E		calcium chloride Calcium chloride Calcium chloride, CaCl2, is a salt of calcium and chlorine. It behaves as a typical ionic halide, and is solid at room temperature. Common applications include brine for refrigeration plants, ice and dust control on roads, and desiccation...	mineral salt
510	A			ammonium chloride Ammonium chloride Ammonium chloride NH4Cl is an inorganic compound with the formula NH4Cl. It is a white crystalline salt that is highly soluble in water. Solutions of ammonium chloride are mildly acidic. Sal ammoniac is a name of natural, mineralogical form of ammonium chloride...	mineral salt
511	A	E		magnesium chloride Magnesium chloride Magnesium chloride is the name for the chemical compounds with the formulas MgCl2 and its various hydrates MgCl2x. These salts are typical ionic halides, being highly soluble in water. The hydrated magnesium chloride can be extracted from brine or sea water...	mineral salt
512	A	E		stannous chloride Tin(II) chloride Tin chloride is a white crystalline solid with the formula 2. It forms a stable dihydrate, but aqueous solutions tend to undergo hydrolysis, particularly if hot. SnCl2 is widely used as a reducing agent , and in electrolytic baths for tin-plating...	colour retention agent, antioxidant
513		E		sulfuric acid Sulfuric acid Sulfuric acid is a strong mineral acid with the molecular formula . Its historical name is oil of vitriol. Pure sulfuric acid is a highly corrosive, colorless, viscous liquid. The salts of sulfuric acid are called sulfates...	acidity regulator
514	A	E		sodium sulfate Sodium sulfate Sodium sulfate is the sodium salt of sulfuric acid. When anhydrous, it is a white crystalline solid of formula Na2SO4 known as the mineral thenardite; the decahydrate Na2SO4·10H2O has been known as Glauber's salt or, historically, sal mirabilis since the 17th century. Another solid is the...	mineral salt
515	A	E		potassium sulfate Potassium sulfate Potassium sulfate is a non-flammable white crystalline salt which is soluble in water...	mineral salt, seasoning
516	A	E		calcium sulfate Calcium sulfate Calcium sulfate is a common laboratory and industrial chemical. In the form of γ-anhydrite , it is used as a desiccant. It is also used as a coagulant in products like tofu. In the natural state, unrefined calcium sulfate is a translucent, crystalline white rock...	flour treatment agent, mineral salt, sequestrant, improving agent, firming agent
517		E		ammonium sulfate Ammonium sulfate Ammonium sulfate , 2SO4, is an inorganic salt with a number of commercial uses. The most common use is as a soil fertilizer. It contains 21% nitrogen as ammonium cations, and 24% sulfur as sulfate anions...	mineral salt, improving agent
518	A			magnesium sulfate Magnesium sulfate Magnesium sulfate is a chemical compound containing magnesium, sulfur and oxygen, with the formula MgSO4. It is often encountered as the heptahydrate epsomite , commonly called Epsom salt, from the town of Epsom in Surrey, England, where the salt was distilled from the springs that arise where the... , Epsom salts	mineral salt, acidity regulator, firming agent
519	A			cupric sulfate	mineral salt
520		E		aluminium sulfate Aluminium sulfate Aluminium sulfate, alternatively spelt aluminum sulfate, aluminium sulphate, or aluminum sulphate; is a chemical compound with the formula Al23...	mineral salt
521		E		aluminium sodium sulfate	mineral salt
522		E		aluminium potassium sulfate	mineral salt
523		E		aluminium ammonium sulfate	mineral salt
524		E		sodium hydroxide	mineral salt
525		E		potassium hydroxide Potassium hydroxide Potassium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula KOH, commonly called caustic potash.Along with sodium hydroxide , this colorless solid is a prototypical strong base. It has many industrial and niche applications. Most applications exploit its reactivity toward acids and its corrosive...	mineral salt
526	A	E		calcium hydroxide Calcium hydroxide Calcium hydroxide, traditionally called slaked lime, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ca2. It is a colourless crystal or white powder and is obtained when calcium oxide is mixed, or "slaked" with water. It has many names including hydrated lime, builders lime, slack lime, cal, or...	mineral salt
527		E		ammonium hydroxide Ammonium hydroxide Ammonia solution, also known as ammonium hydroxide, ammonia water, ammonical liquor, ammonia liquor, aqua ammonia, aqueous ammonia, or simply ammonia, is a solution of ammonia in water. It can be denoted by the symbols NH3...	mineral salt
528		E		magnesium hydroxide Magnesium hydroxide Magnesium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Mg2. As a suspension in water, it is often called milk of magnesia because of its milk-like appearance. The solid mineral form of magnesium hydroxide is known as brucite....	mineral salt
529	A	E		calcium oxide Calcium oxide Calcium oxide , commonly known as quicklime or burnt lime, is a widely used chemical compound. It is a white, caustic, alkaline crystalline solid at room temperature....	mineral salt
530		E		magnesium oxide Magnesium oxide Magnesium oxide , or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium . It has an empirical formula of and consists of a lattice of Mg2+ ions and O2– ions held together by ionic bonds...	anti-caking agent
535	A	E		sodium ferrocyanide Sodium ferrocyanide Sodium ferrocyanide is the sodium salt of the coordination compound of formula [Fe6]4-. It is a yellow crystalline solid that is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. Despite the presence of the cyanide ligands, sodium ferrocyanide is not especially toxic because the cyanides are tightly...	anti-caking agent
536	A	E		potassium ferrocyanide Potassium ferrocyanide Potassium ferrocyanide is the inorganic compound with formula K4[Fe6]•3H2O. It is the potassium salt of the coordination complex [Fe6]4-. This salt forms lemon-yellow monoclinic crystals.-Synthesis:...	anti-caking agent
538		E		calcium ferrocyanide	anti-caking agent
540				dicalcium diphosphate	anti-caking agent
541	A	E		sodium aluminium phosphate Sodium aluminium phosphate Sodium aluminium phosphate is a chemical used in food processing. It is synthetically produced from aluminium, phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide. As a food additive is has the E number E541....	acidity regulator, emulsifier
542	A			bone phosphate	anti-caking agent
544				calcium polyphosphates	anti-caking agent
545				ammonium polyphosphate Ammonium polyphosphate Ammonium polyphosphate is an inorganic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia containing both chains and possibly branching. Its chemical formula is [NH4 PO3]n showing that each monomer consists of an orthophosphate radical of a phosphorus atom with three oxygens and one negative charge... s	anti-caking agent
551	A	E		silicon dioxide Silicon dioxide The chemical compound silicon dioxide, also known as silica , is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula '. It has been known for its hardness since antiquity...	anti-caking agent
552	A	E		calcium silicate Calcium silicate Calcium silicate is the chemical compound Ca2SiO4, also known as calcium orthosilicate and sometimes formulated 2CaO.SiO2. It is one of group of compounds obtained by reacting calcium oxide and silica in various ratios e.g. 3CaO.SiO2, Ca3SiO5; 2CaO.SiO2, Ca2SiO4; 3CaO.2SiO2, Ca3Si2O7 and...	anti-caking agent
553a		E		magnesium silicate	anti-caking agent
553b	A	E		talc Talc Talc is a mineral composed of hydrated magnesium silicate with the chemical formula H2Mg34 or Mg3Si4O102. In loose form, it is the widely-used substance known as talcum powder. It occurs as foliated to fibrous masses, its crystals being so rare as to be almost unknown...	anti-caking agent
554	A	E		sodium aluminosilicate (sodium aluminium silicate)	anti-caking agent
555		E		potassium aluminium silicate	anti-caking agent
556	A	E		calcium aluminosilicate Calcium aluminosilicate Calcium aluminosilicate, an aluminosilicate compound with calcium cations, most typically has formula CaAl2Si2O8.As a food additive, it is sometimes designated "E556"....  (calcium aluminium silicate)	anti-caking agent
558	A	E		bentonite Bentonite Bentonite is an absorbent aluminium phyllosilicate, essentially impure clay consisting mostly of montmorillonite. There are different types of bentonite, each named after the respective dominant element, such as potassium , sodium , calcium , and aluminum . Experts debate a number of nomenclatorial...	anti-caking agent
559	A	E		kaolin, aluminium silicate Aluminium silicate Aluminium silicate has the chemical formula 2SiO3. It has a density of 2.8 to 2.9 g/cm³, a vitreous lustre, a refractive index of 1.56, a Mohs hardness of 4.5-7.5 , and can have orthorhombic crystallography...	anti-caking agent
570	A	E		stearic acid Stearic acid Stearic acid is the saturated fatty acid with an 18 carbon chain and has the IUPAC name octadecanoic acid. It is a waxy solid, and its chemical formula is CH316CO2H. Its name comes from the Greek word στέαρ "stéatos", which means tallow. The salts and esters of stearic acid are called stearates...	anti-caking agent
575	A	E		glucono delta-lactone Glucono delta-lactone Glucono delta-lactone is a naturally-occurring food additive with the E number E575 used as a sequestrant, an acidifier, or a curing, pickling, or leavening agent. It is a lactone of D-gluconic acid. Pure GDL is a white odorless crystalline powder.GDL is commonly found in honey, fruit juices,...	acidity regulator
576		E		sodium gluconate Sodium gluconate Sodium gluconate is a compound with formula NaC6H11O7. It is the sodium salt of gluconic acid.It has E number E576....	stabiliser
577	A	E		potassium gluconate Potassium gluconate Potassium gluconate is a mineral supplement and sequestrant.Potassium gluconate is a loosely bound salt of potassium and gluconic acid. Potassium is essential to life. It is involved with sodium in maintaining the body's acid-base balance and promoting physiological and metabolic processes. It...	stabiliser
578	A	E		calcium gluconate Calcium gluconate Calcium gluconate is a mineral supplement.-Hypocalcemia:10% calcium gluconate solution is the form of calcium most widely used in the treatment of hypocalcemia. This form of calcium is superior to calcium lactate, but it only contains 0.93% calcium ion. Calcium gluconate is a salt of calcium and...	acidity regulator
579	A	E		ferrous gluconate	colour retention agent
585		E		ferrous lactate Ferrous lactate Ferrous lactate, or iron lactate, is a chemical compound consisting of one atom of iron and two lactate anions. It has the chemical formula Fe2. It is used as a food additive with E number E585. It is an acidity regulator and colour retention agent, and is also used to fortify foods with iron....
620	A	E		glutamic acid Glutamic acid Glutamic acid is one of the 20 proteinogenic amino acids, and its codons are GAA and GAG. It is a non-essential amino acid. The carboxylate anions and salts of glutamic acid are known as glutamates...	flavour enhancer
621	A	E		monosodium glutamate Monosodium glutamate Monosodium glutamate, also known as sodium glutamate or MSG, is the sodium salt of glutamic acid, one of the most abundant naturally occurring non-essential amino acids....  (MSG)	flavour enhancer
622	A	E		monopotassium glutamate Monopotassium glutamate Monopotassium glutamate is a compound with formula KC5H8NO4. It is a potassium acid salt of glutamic acid.It has the E number E622 and is used in foods as a flavor enhancer. It is a non-sodium MSG alternative....	flavour enhancer
623	A	E		calcium diglutamate Calcium diglutamate Calcium diglutamate, sometimes abbreviated CDG and also called calcium glutamate, is a compound with formula Ca2. It is a calcium acid salt of glutamic acid. CDG is a flavor enhancer — it is the calcium analog of monosodium glutamate...	flavour enhancer
624	A	E		monoammonium glutamate Monoammonium glutamate Monoammonium glutamate is a compound with formula NH4C5H8NO4. It is an ammonium acid salt of glutamic acid.It has the E number E624 and is used as a flavor enhancer....	flavour enhancer
625	A	E		magnesium diglutamate Magnesium diglutamate Magnesium diglutamate is a compound with formula Mg2. It is a magnesium acid salt of glutamic acid.It has the E number E625 and is used in foods as a flavor enhancer....	flavour enhancer
626				guanylic acid	flavour enhancer
627	A	E		disodium guanylate Disodium guanylate Disodium guanylate, also known as sodium 5'-guanylate and disodium 5'-guanylate, is a natural disodium salt of the flavor enhancer guanosine monophosphate . Disodium guanylate is a food additive with the E number E627...	flavour enhancer
628		E		dipotassium guanylate Dipotassium guanylate Dipotassium guanylate is a compound with formula K2. It is a potassium salt of guanylic acid.As a food additive, it is used as a flavor enhancer and has the E number E628....	flavour enhancer
629		E		calcium guanylate Calcium guanylate Calcium guanylate is a compound with formula Ca. It is the calcium salt of guanylic acid.As a food additive, it is used as a flavor enhancer and has the E number E629....	flavour enhancer
630		E		inosinic acid Inosinic acid Inosinic acid or inosine monophosphate is a nucleotide monophosphate. Inosinic acid is important in metabolism. It is the ribonucleotide of hypoxanthine and the first nucleotide formed during the synthesis of purine. It is formed by the deamination of adenosine monophosphate, and is hydrolysed...	flavour enhancer
631	A	E		disodium inosinate Disodium inosinate Disodium inosinate is the disodium salt of inosinic acid with the chemical formula C10H11N4Na2O8P. It is used as a food additive and often found in instant noodles, potato chips, and a variety of other snacks.-Use as a food additive:...	flavour enhancer
632		E		dipotassium inosinate	flavour enhancer
633		E		calcium inosinate Calcium inosinate Calcium inosinate is a calcium salt of the nucleoside inosine. Under the E number E633, it is a food additive used as a flavor enhancer....	flavour enhancer
634		E		calcium 5'-ribonucleotides	flavour enhancer
635	A	E		disodium 5'-ribonucleotides	flavour enhancer
636	A			maltol Maltol Maltol is a naturally occurring organic compound that is used primarily as a flavor enhancer. It is found in the bark of larch tree, in pine needles, and in roasted malt . It is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in hot water, chloroform, and other polar solvents...	flavour enhancer
637	A			ethyl maltol Ethyl maltol Ethyl maltol is an organic compound that is common flavourant in some confectioneries. It is related to the more common flavorant maltol by replacement of the methyl group by an ethyl group...	flavour enhancer
640	A	E		glycine Glycine Glycine is an organic compound with the formula NH2CH2COOH. Having a hydrogen substituent as its 'side chain', glycine is the smallest of the 20 amino acids commonly found in proteins. Its codons are GGU, GGC, GGA, GGG cf. the genetic code.Glycine is a colourless, sweet-tasting crystalline solid...	flavour enhancer
641	A			leucine Leucine Leucine is a branched-chain α-amino acid with the chemical formula HO2CCHCH2CH2. Leucine is classified as a hydrophobic amino acid due to its aliphatic isobutyl side chain. It is encoded by six codons and is a major component of the subunits in ferritin, astacin and other 'buffer' proteins...	flavour enhancer
650		E		zinc acetate Zinc acetate Zinc acetate is the chemical compound with the formula Zn2, which commonly occurs as a dihydrate Zn22. Both the hydrate and the anhydrous forms are colorless solids that are commonly used in chemical synthesis and as dietary supplements. Zinc acetates are prepared by the action of acetic acid on...	flavour enhancer
900	A	E		dimethylpolysiloxane	emulsifier, anti-caking agent
901	A	E		beeswax Beeswax Beeswax is a natural wax produced in the bee hive of honey bees of the genus Apis. It is mainly esters of fatty acids and various long chain alcohols...	glazing agent
902		E		candelilla wax Candelilla wax Candelilla wax is a wax derived from the leaves of the small Candelilla shrub native to northern Mexico and the southwestern United States, Euphorbia cerifera and Euphorbia antisyphilitica, from the family Euphorbiaceae...	glazing agent
903	A	E		carnauba wax Carnauba wax Carnauba , also called Brazil wax and palm wax, is a wax of the leaves of the palm Copernicia prunifera, a plant native to and grown only in the northeastern Brazilian states of Piauí, Ceará, and Rio Grande do Norte. It is known as "queen of waxes" and usually comes in the form of hard yellow-brown...	glazing agent
904	A	E		shellac Shellac Shellac is a resin secreted by the female lac bug, on trees in the forests of India and Thailand. It is processed and sold as dry flakes , which are dissolved in ethyl alcohol to make liquid shellac, which is used as a brush-on colorant, food glaze and wood finish...	glazing agent
905	A	E		paraffin Paraffin In chemistry, paraffin is a term that can be used synonymously with "alkane", indicating hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2. Paraffin wax refers to a mixture of alkanes that falls within the 20 ≤ n ≤ 40 range; they are found in the solid state at room temperature and begin to enter the... s	glazing agent
907				refined microcrystalline wax	glazing agent
912		E		montanic acid esters	humectant
914	A	E		oxidised polyethylene wax	humectant
920	A	E		L-cysteine	flour treatment agent
924				potassium bromate Potassium bromate Potassium bromate , is a bromate of potassium and takes the form of white crystals or powder.-Uses in baking:Potassium bromate is typically used as a flour improver , strengthening the dough and allowing higher rising. It is an oxidizing agent, and under the right conditions, will be completely...	flour treatment agent
925	A			chlorine Chlorine Chlorine is the chemical element with atomic number 17 and symbol Cl. It is the second lightest halogen, found in the periodic table in group 17. The element forms diatomic molecules under standard conditions, called dichlorine...	flour treatment agent
926	A			chlorine dioxide Chlorine dioxide Chlorine dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula ClO2. This yellowish-green gas crystallizes as bright orange crystals at −59 °C. As one of several oxides of chlorine, it is a potent and useful oxidizing agent used in water treatment and in bleaching....	flour treatment agent
927b		E		carbamide	flour treatment agent
928	A			benzoyl peroxide Benzoyl peroxide Benzoyl peroxide is an organic compound in the peroxide family. It consists of two benzoyl groups bridged by a peroxide link. Its structural formula is [C6H5C]2O2. It is one of the most important organic peroxides in terms of applications and the scale of its production...	flour treatment agent
938		E		argon Argon Argon is a chemical element represented by the symbol Ar. Argon has atomic number 18 and is the third element in group 18 of the periodic table . Argon is the third most common gas in the Earth's atmosphere, at 0.93%, making it more common than carbon dioxide...	propellant
939		E		helium Helium Helium is the chemical element with atomic number 2 and an atomic weight of 4.002602, which is represented by the symbol He. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, inert, monatomic gas that heads the noble gas group in the periodic table...	propellant
941	A	E		nitrogen Nitrogen Nitrogen is a chemical element that has the symbol N, atomic number of 7 and atomic mass 14.00674 u. Elemental nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and mostly inert diatomic gas at standard conditions, constituting 78.08% by volume of Earth's atmosphere...	propellant
942	A	E		nitrous oxide Nitrous oxide Nitrous oxide, commonly known as laughing gas or sweet air, is a chemical compound with the formula . It is an oxide of nitrogen. At room temperature, it is a colorless non-flammable gas, with a slightly sweet odor and taste. It is used in surgery and dentistry for its anesthetic and analgesic...	propellant
943a		E		butane Butane Butane is a gas with the formula C4H10 that is an alkane with four carbon atoms. The term may refer to any of two structural isomers, or to a mixture of them: in the IUPAC nomenclature, however, butane refers only to the unbranched n-butane isomer; the other one being called "methylpropane" or...	propellant
943b		E		isobutane Isobutane Isobutane, also known as methylpropane, is an isomer of butane. It is the simplest alkane with a tertiary carbon. Concerns with depletion of the ozone layer by freon gases have led to increased use of isobutane as a gas for refrigeration systems, especially in domestic refrigerators and freezers,...	propellant
950	A	E		Acesulfame potassium Acesulfame potassium Acesulfame potassium is a calorie-free artificial sweetener, also known as Acesulfame K or Ace K , and marketed under the trade names Sunett and Sweet One. In the European Union, it is known under the E number E950...	artificial sweetener
951	A	E		aspartame Aspartame Aspartame is an artificial, non-saccharide sweetener used as a sugar substitute in some foods and beverages. In the European Union, it is codified as E951. Aspartame is a methyl ester of the aspartic acid/phenylalanine dipeptide. It was first sold under the brand name NutraSweet; since 2009 it...	artificial sweetener
952	A	E		cyclamic acid Cyclamic acid Cyclamic acid is a compound with formula C6H11NHSO2OH.It is included in E number "E952".Cyclamic Acid is mainly used as catalyst in the production of paints and plastics, and furthermore as reagent for laboratories.... , cyclamate Cyclamate Sodium cyclamate is an artificial sweetener. It is 30–50 times sweeter than sugar , making it the least potent of the commercially used artificial sweeteners. Some people find it to have an unpleasant aftertaste, but, in general, less so than saccharin or acesulfame potassium... s	artificial sweetener
953	A	E		isomalt Isomalt Isomalt is a sugar substitute, a type of sugar alcohol, used primarily for its sugar-like physical properties. It has only a small impact on blood sugar levels and does not promote tooth decay. It has 2 kilocalories/g, half the calories of sugars...	humectant
954	A	E		saccharin Saccharin Saccharin is an artificial sweetener. The basic substance, benzoic sulfilimine, has effectively no food energy and is much sweeter than sucrose, but has a bitter or metallic aftertaste, especially at high concentrations...	artificial sweetener
955	A			sucralose Sucralose Sucralose is an artificial sweetener. The majority of ingested sucralose is not broken down by the body and therefore it is non-caloric. In the European Union, it is also known under the E number E955. Sucralose is approximately 600 times as sweet as sucrose , twice as sweet as saccharin, and 3.3...	artificial sweetener
956	A			alitame Alitame Alitame is an artificial sweetener developed by Pfizer in the early 1980s and currently marketed in some countries under the brand name Aclame. Like aspartame, alitame is an aspartic acid-containing dipeptide. Most dipeptides are not sweet, but the unexpected discovery of aspartame in 1965 led to...	artificial sweetener
957	A	E		thaumatin Thaumatin Thaumatin is a low-calorie sweetener and flavour modifier. The substance, a natural protein, is often used primarily for its flavour-modifying properties and not exclusively as a sweetener....	flavour enhancer, artificial sweetener
959		E		neohesperidin dihydrochalcone Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, sometimes abbreviated to neohesperidin DC or simply NHDC, is an artificial sweetener derived from citrus....	artificial sweetener
965	A	E		maltitol Maltitol Maltitol is a sugar alcohol used as a sugar substitute. It has 75-90% of the sweetness of sucrose and nearly identical properties, except for browning. It is used to replace table sugar because it has fewer calories, does not promote tooth decay, and has a somewhat lesser effect on blood glucose...	humectant, stabiliser
966	A	E		lactitol Lactitol Lactitol is a sugar alcohol used as a replacement bulk sweetener for low calorie foods with approximately 40% of the sweetness of sugar. Lactitol is produced by two manufacturers, Danisco and Purac Biochem.-Applications:...	humectant
967	A	E		xylitol Xylitol Xylitol is a sugar alcohol sweetener used as a naturally occurring sugar substitute. It is found in the fibers of many fruits and vegetables, and can be extracted from various berries, oats, and mushrooms, as well as fibrous material such as corn husks and sugar cane bagasse, and birch...	humectant, stabiliser
999		E		quillaia Quillaia Quillaia is the milled inner bark or small stems and branches of the soapbark . Other names include China bark extract, Murillo bark extract, Panama bark extract, Quillai extract, Quillaia extract, Quillay bark extract, and Soapbark extract...  extract	humectant
1001	A			choline Choline Choline is a water-soluble essential nutrient. It is usually grouped within the B-complex vitamins. Choline generally refers to the various quaternary ammonium salts containing the N,N,N-trimethylethanolammonium cation....  salts and esters	emulsifier
1100	A			amylase Amylase Amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of starch into sugars. Amylase is present in human saliva, where it begins the chemical process of digestion. Food that contains much starch but little sugar, such as rice and potato, taste slightly sweet as they are chewed because amylase turns... s	flour treatment agent
1102	A			glucose oxidase Glucose oxidase The glucose oxidase enzyme is an oxido-reductase that catalyses the oxidation of glucose to hydrogen peroxide and D-glucono-δ-lactone. In cells, it aids in breaking the sugar down into its metabolites....	antioxidant
1103		E		invertase Invertase Invertase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose . The resulting mixture of fructose and glucose is called inverted sugar syrup. Related to invertases are sucrases. Invertases and sucrases hydrolyze sucrose to give the same mixture of glucose and fructose...	?
1104	A			lipase Lipase A lipase is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation or cleavage of fats . Lipases are a subclass of the esterases.Lipases perform essential roles in the digestion, transport and processing of dietary lipids in most, if not all, living organisms... s	flavour enhancer
1105	A	E		lysozyme Lysozyme Lysozyme, also known as muramidase or N-acetylmuramide glycanhydrolase, are glycoside hydrolases, enzymes that damage bacterial cell walls by catalyzing hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in a peptidoglycan and between...	preservative
1200	A	E		polydextrose Polydextrose Polydextrose is an indigestable synthetic polymer of glucose. It is a food ingredient classified as soluble fiber by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration , but not Health Canada. It is frequently used to increase the non-dietary fiber content of food, replace sugar, reduce calories and reduce fat...	humectant
1201	A	E		poly vinyl pyrrolidone Poly vinyl pyrrolidone Polyvinylpyrrolidone , also commonly called Polyvidone or Povidone, is a water-soluble polymer made from the monomer N-vinylpyrrolidone:- Properties :...	?
1202	A	E		polyvinylpolypyrrolidone Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone is a highly cross-linked modification of polyvinylpyrrolidone ....	colour stabiliser
1400	A			dextrin roasted starch	thickener, vegetable gum
1401	A			acid treated starch	thickener, vegetable gum
1402	A			alkaline treated starch	thickener, vegetable gum
1403	A			bleached starch	thickener, vegetable gum
1404	A	E		oxidised starch	thickener, vegetable gum
1405	A			enzyme treated starch	thickener, vegetable gum
1410	A	E		monostarch phosphate	thickener, vegetable gum
1412	A	E		distarch phosphate	thickener, vegetable gum
1413	A	E		phosphated distarch phosphate Phosphated distarch phosphate Phosphated distarch phosphate, is a modified resistant starch. It is derived from high amylose maize starch and contains a minimum of 70% dietary fibre...	thickener, vegetable gum
1414	A	E		acetylated distarch phosphate	thickener, vegetable gum
1420	A	E		acetylated starch	thickener, vegetable gum
1422	A	E		acetylated distarch adipate Acetylated distarch adipate Acetylated distarch adipate , is a starch that is treated with acetic anhydride and adipic acid anhydride to resist high temperatures. It is used in foods as a bulking agent, stabilizer and a thickener....	thickener, vegetable gum
1440	A	E		hydroxypropyl starch	thickener, vegetable gum
1442	A	E		hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate is a modified resistant starch. It is currently used as a food additive . It is approved for use in the European Union , the United States, Australia, and New Zealand.- External links :...	thickener, vegetable gum
1450	A	E		starch sodium octenylsuccinate	thickener, vegetable gum
1451		E		acetylated oxidised starch	thickener, vegetable gum
1505	A	E		triethyl citrate Triethyl citrate Triethyl citrate is an ester of citric acid. It is a colorless, odorless liquid used as a food additive to stabilize foams, especially as whipping aid for egg white. It is also used in pharmaceutical coatings and plastics....	thickener, vegetable gum
1510				ethanol Ethanol Ethanol, also called ethyl alcohol, pure alcohol, grain alcohol, or drinking alcohol, is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid. It is a psychoactive drug and one of the oldest recreational drugs. Best known as the type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages, it is also used in thermometers, as a...  (not classified as an additive)		alcohol Alcohol In chemistry, an alcohol is an organic compound in which the hydroxy functional group is bound to a carbon atom. In particular, this carbon center should be saturated, having single bonds to three other atoms....
1518	A	E		triacetin Triacetin The triglyceride 1,2,3-triacetoxypropane is more generally known as triacetin and glycerin triacetate. It is the triester of glycerol and acetic acid....	humectant
1520	A	E		propylene glycol Propylene glycol Propylene glycol, also called 1,2-propanediol or propane-1,2-diol, is an organic compound with formula C3H8O2 or HO-CH2-CHOH-CH3...	humectant
1521	A			Polyethylene glycol Polyethylene glycol Polyethylene glycol is a polyether compound with many applications from industrial manufacturing to medicine. It has also been known as polyethylene oxide or polyoxyethylene , depending on its molecular weight, and under the tradename Carbowax.-Available forms:PEG, PEO, or POE refers to an...	antifoaming agent

See also

• Codex Alimentarius
  Codex Alimentarius
  The Codex Alimentarius is a collection of internationally recognized standards, codes of practice, guidelines and other recommendations relating to foods, food production and food safety. Its name derives from the Codex Alimentarius Austriacus...
  
  
• Codex Alimentarius Austriacus
  Codex Alimentarius Austriacus
  In the Austrian-Hungarian Empire between 1897 and 1911, a collection of standards and product descriptions for a wide variety of foods was developed as the Codex Alimentarius Austriacus...
  
  
• E number
  E number
  E numbers are number codes for food additives that have been assessed for use within the European Union . They are commonly found on food labels throughout the European Union. Safety assessment and approval are the responsibility of the European Food Safety Authority...
  
  
• Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
  Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
  The United States Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act , is a set of laws passed by Congress in 1938 giving authority to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to oversee the safety of food, drugs, and cosmetics. A principal author of this law was Royal S. Copeland, a three-term U.S. Senator from...
  
  
• List of food additives

Sources

• Codex Alimentarius
• Food Standards Australia New Zealand
• Food Additives and Ingredients Association
• Northern Allergy Centre's Guide to Food Additives
• USFDA: Food Color Facts