Bible translations by language
Encyclopedia
Bible translations
have been made into 2,572+ languages, one of the two Testaments in 1,668 languages, and the full Protestant Canon of the Bible in 457 languages as of May 2011.
Afrikaans • Ainu • Albanian • Aleut • Alutiiq • Amharic • Aniwan • Apache • Arabic • Aramaic
• Armenian • Arapaho • Assamese • Auca • Avar • Azerbaijani • Basque • Batak • Belarusian
• Bengali • Bisaya-Inunhan • Breton • Bulgarian
• Burmese • Cakchiquel •Carrier • Catalan
• Cebuano • Cherokee • Chichewa • Chinese
• Minority languages of China
• Chope • Bemba • Coptic
• Cornish • Cree • Croatian • Czech • Dakota • Danish • Dogrib • Dutch
• English
• Esperanto • Estonian • Finnish
• French • Georgian • German
• Gilbertese • Gothic
• Greek • Gullah • Gwich'in • Haida • Haitian • Hawaiian • Hawaiian Creole English • Hebrew • Hopi • Hungarian • Icelandic • Indonesian • Ilocano
• Inupiaq • Irish
• Italian • Japanese • Jèrriais • Kannada • Kazakh • Keres • Kikamba • Konkani • Korean
• Koryak • Koyukon • Kurdish • Kyrgyz • Lacandon • Latin • Latvian • Lisu • Lithuanian • Macedonian • Malay • Malayalam • Maltese • Manx • Maori • Marathi • Miao • Micmac • Mixtec • Mohawk • Mongolian
• Nama • Navajo • Norwegian • Chinyanja• Nyika • O'odham • Ojibwa • Oromo • Oshindonga • Otjiherero • Paniya • Pashto • Piegan • Persian • Pipil • Polish
• Portuguese • Quenya • Romani • Romanian
• Russian • Sakha • Seneca • Serbian • Shawi • Shor • Slavonic
• Slovene • Spanish • Swahili • Swedish • Tajik • Tashelhayt • Tagalog • Upper Tanana • Tatar • Tamil • Telugu • Tewa • Thai • Tibetan • Tlingit • Tongan • Tsimshian • Tulu • Turkish • Turkmen • Tuvan • Ukrainian • Urdu • Uyghur • Uzbek • Vietnamese • Wakhi • Welsh
• Wampanoag • Xhosa • Yiddish• Yoruba • Yupik languages • Zulu • Zuñi
appeared in 1887, when a tentative edition of 250 copies of Matthew 1-9, translated from the Greek with the aid of the Revised Version, by John Batchelor
, assisted by a local Ainu, was published. Matthew and Jonah, by the same translator, were issued in 1889, the proofs being read by Mr. George Braithwaite, the agent of the British and Foreign Bible Society in Japan. In 1891 Mr. Batchelor returned to England and published the remaining Gospels. In 1893 a tentative edition of 300 each of Galatians, Ephesians, and Philippians, by the same translator, was prepared, which was published at Yokohama by a joint committee of the three Bible Societies (British and Foreign, American, and National of Scotland) in 1894. The Psalms and revised Gospels were issued in 1895. In 1897 a revised New Testament, by the same translator, with Ainu aid, was published at Yokohama by the joint committee.
was translated by Russian Orthodox St. Innocent Veniaminov
& St. Jacob Netsvetov
. This was published first in 1840, and later 1896. Mark, Luke, and John were translated into Atkan Aleut in 1861 by Fr. Laurence Salamatov. They were not published. Fr. Innocent Shayashnikov translated Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, and Acts into Eastern Aleut in 1872. They were published between 1902 and 1903. More recently, the first few verses of Genesis 11 (recounting the tower of Babel) have been translated into modern Aleut for Omniglot.
The translation of Gospel of Matthew
into Alutiiq
by Ilya Tyzhnov (Elias Tishnoff) of the Russian Orthodox Alaska mission, was published in St. Petersburg, in 1848.
(Algonquian
family) was translated by John Kliewer, a mennonite missionary, he translated Matthew 9:1-8. This was published with commentary in a ten page pamphlet by Wm. J. Krehbiel in 1888. The first book was done by John Roberts, an Episcopal
missionary, and Michael White Hawk who translated the Gospel of Luke into the Arapaho language
for the American Bible Society
in 1903.
(North Caucasian
) of the Caucasus by the Institute for Bible Translation
. The first portion in Avar, John, was published in 1979, Mark followed in 1996, Luke and Acts in 2000, Proverbs in 2005, and the complete New Testament in September 2008. Work on the Old Testament continues.
was first published in 1904, followed by the New Testament in 1916, and the entire Bible in 1956. Currently a revision is in progress. Rev. Paul Mushindo and the notoriously difficult Scottish missionary Robert McMinn worked together on Bible translation into the Bemba language
for over twenty years.
made the first translation of the Bible into Burmese
, completed in 1834.
, two Buryat chiefs were sent to St. Petersburg to obtain a translation of the New Testament in their own Buryat language
. During the progress of the work, the two chiefs were so impressed that they forsook Buddhism and became Christians.
The whole Bible was completed at Selenginsk
by William Swan
and Edward Stallybrass
, and printed in Siberia at the joint expense of the American and British and Foreign
Bible Societies; but on the suppression of the mission by the Russian Government in 1840, the circulation of the book stopped.
In 1911 Larson and Almblad revised the Gospels and Acts, and in 1913 Genesis and Jonah. These were published by the British and Foreign Bible Society.
Bible Translation Committee translated the whole New Testament into the Nak'albun/Dzinhubun dialect. This was published by the International Bible Society in 1995 as Yak'usda Ooghuni: 'Andidi Khuni Neba Lhaidinla-i. They then worked on a Ulkatcho dialect version, which was printed by Wycliffe Bible Translators in 2002 as Yak'usda Bughunek: K'andit Khunek Neba Lhaidinla.
missionary, translated the New Testament and part of the Old Testament into Cheyenne
. His translation of the New Testament was "from the original Greek, with comparison to the Latin Vulgate and other translations". The first portion of the Bible published were some small translations in the Cheyenne Reading Book, published in 1895. Luke and John were printed together in 1902. The complete New Testament was first published in 1934.
In 1975 Wayne and Elena Leman, of Wycliffe Bible Translators, started a translation of the Bible from the original languages into colloquial Cheyenne. (Petter's translation is in a more formal, literal style). Their translation has the complete text for Luke, Philippians, 1 Peter, 1 John as well as portions from other books. It was dedicated on 28 January 2007.
(one of the Muskogean languages), three of the Gospels, translated by Alfred Wright, were printed as early as 1831, and the complete New Testament, by Wright and Byington, in 1848. The Pentateuch, the historical books of the Old Testament, and the Psalms, by Wright, Byington, and Edwards, came out between 1852 and 1886.
by Elliot Canonge of Wycliffe Bible Translated, and was published by the American Bible Society in 1958 as Mark-ha tsaatü narümu'ipü̲.
(Siouan language family) Bible translation was started with Thomas Williamson and, Joseph Renville
, a fur trader of French and Dakotan descent. Williamson first modified the Latin alphabet to "work" for Dakota, he then spent day after day for two or three winters in Renville's warehouse, reading verse by verse from his French Bible. Renville would then give the Dakota, and Williamson would write it down. They finished Mark and John this way. In 1837 Williamson was joined by Stephen Riggs
, and both of them learned Dakota, and then compared the tentative translation with the original Greek.
In 1843 they offered a corrected gospel to the American Bible Society
to be printed. It took nearly 40 years before the full Bible was translated. Williamson never lived to see it finished, as he died in 1879. Their work was revised by Williamson's son, the Rev. John Williamson.
, of central Canada William West Kirkby's translation of the Gospels appeared in 1878 and the whole New Testament in 1881. Henry Faraud may, at least in the beginning, also been involved with this translation.
off and on since the 1960s. Jaap and Morine Feenstra, the fourth team on the project, began to work on the Dogrib project in 1985. Wycliffe Bible Translators Vic and Anita Monus joined them later. The entire New Testament was drafted, community checked and rechecked by a consultant between 1995 and 2000. The translation team (including Mary Louise Bouvier White, Elizabeth Mackenzie, Mary Siemens, and perhaps others) was headed by Jaap Feenstra of Wycliffe Bible Translators. The complete New Testament in Dogrib (Nǫhtsı̨ Nı̨htł'è, Zezì wegǫ̀hlı̨ tł'axǫǫ̀) was dedicated on August 23, 2003 in Rae, Northwest Territories. Genesis has also been translated.
.
, a creole language
spoken by residents of the Sea Islands
off the eastern coast of the southern United States, began in 1979 with a team of Gullah speakers from the Penn Center. They were assisted by Pat and Claude Sharpe, translation consultants for Wycliffe Bible Translators. Pat Sharpe died in 2002, and was replaced by David and Lynn Frank. The gospels of Luke
and John
were released in 1995 and 2003, while the New Testament
was released in 2005.
produced a modern translation of Acts. Since then Pierre DeMers and Judy Erick have translated a few other books, and the complete New Testament has been translated. It is currently being typeset.
(Language isolate) of Alaska, 500 copies of Matthew, became available in 1891. It was translated by Charles Harrison
, a Church Missionary Society missionary at Masset. Harrison was sent out in 1882, and returned to England in 1891—being succeeded by the Rev. John Henry Keen
. In 1897 Keen's version of the Acts was published: till then Matthew was the only printed book in the language. Keen also prepared Luke, John, 1 Corinthians, Psalms, and parts of Genesis. (see account of his method of translation, Report of the British and Foreign Bible Society, 1898, p. 317); Luke and John were published in 1899. It is unclear what happened to Keen's manuscripts for Genesis, Psalms, and 1 Corinthians, as they were never published.
), was published in 1985 by the American Bible Society
in hardcover (ISBN 1-58516-072-5), and a leather bound edition was published in 1999 (ISBN 1-58516-719-3).
is almost entirely in Hebrew, the few sections that are in Aramaic are in a form of Jewish Aramaic and Hebrew Script which are effectively intelligible to Hebrew readers and do not require translation. The books of the apocrypha
, many of which originated in Hebrew but were lost, were translated back from Greek into Hebrew by Reform Rabbi Seckel Isaac Fraenkel in 1830. Several Rabbinical translations of Matthew were translated by Jewish rabbis from Latin for polemical purposes during the Middle Ages. The New Testaments of German Franz Delitzsch
1877 and Isaac Salkinsohn
1885 were commissioned by Protestant missionary organisations.
for the first time in 1929. The New Testament was first published in 1972. It seems to mainly have been the work of Jonathan Ekstrom and Starlie "Elsie" Polacca.
, as stultifying the Igbo language
. The Igbo Living Bible was published in 1988.
, the form of the Norman language spoken in Jersey, in the Channel Islands, off the coast of France, in Europe.
was about 1750 by Conrad Neitz, Morovian missionary at Sarepta
. Isaac Jacob Schmidt
, a Morovian translated the gospels, publishing Matthew in St. Petersburg in 1815. This was the first book to be printed in the Kalmyk language. The remaining gospels and Acts were published by 1821, and the whole New Testament by 1827. In 1880 Aleksei Matveevich Pozdneev (1851–1920) and Archpriest Smirnoff were employed to translate Matthew. Prof. Pozdneev made two journeys to Astrakhan
to work at the translation among the people; and in 1884 2,000 copies of the four gospels were authorised, new type being cut at the British and Foreign Bible Society
's expense: the number was increased to 4,000 with 1,000 additional of each Gospel, and Gospels published 1887. On the death of Smirnoff, M. D. Kutusov — a native speaker of Kalmyk and lecturer in St. Petersburg University — assisted Professor Pozdneev (1887). In 1887 Pozdneev visited Astrakhan, correcting his Acts and distributing Gospels; he also visited nomadic camps and read to all, including Buddhists. After three more journeys to the steppes he completed the New Testament, Acts to Revelation, but printing was delayed by his having to undertake an expedition to Chinese Turkestan in 1893; but with the aid of Docent Pussell printing was completed in 1895. The individual gospels were reprinted again in 1896 by the British and Foreign Bible Society in Shanghai. Percy Mather may also have been working on Kalmyk Bible translation. The Institute for Bible Translation is working on a translation into modern Kalmyk. The New Testament is complete, and was published in 2002 as Шин Бооцан.
of New Mexico
by Carol Whitener, and published in the mid 1930s.
translated into the Khoekhoe language (formerly "Hottentot") of the Nama people of Namibia.
, a German, translated parts of the New Testament into Kamba language
was the first to translate parts of the Bible to Konkani language
. It was published under the title "Sogllea Vorunsache Vanjel" from Rachol Seminary Printing Press in 1667. Copies of this book are not available. The New Testament was translated into Konkani in Roman script in 1818. The complete New Testament was first translated into Konkani in Kannada script by William Robert Da Silva in 1977. With the publication of Baibol in 1997, he became the first person to translate the complete Bible into Konkani. He translated it single handedly over 30 years. The second complete translation was done by William B. Barboza in 2000 entitled Pavitr Pustak. Both these were printed in Kannada script. The third complete translation was edited by Manuel Gomes in 2006 entitled Povitr Pustok. It was printed in Roman script. Others who translated parts of the Bible into Konkani are William Carey at Serampore, West Bengal
; Joaquim A. Fernandes, Mumbai; Rymond Mascarenhas, Mangalore; Sylvester Menezes, Mangalore; C.C.A. Pai, S.J., Mangalore; Vasco do Rego, S.J., Goa; Moreno de Souza, S.J., Goa; and Felicio Cardozo, Goa
(Chukotko-Kamchatkan
family), selections from Luke, was published by Institute for Bible Translation
in 1995. This was followed by the whole gospel in 2005, and the first 17 verses of John in 2008.
, translated John, Mark, and Galatians into Central Koyukon, and Mark into Upper Koyukon language
.
is in an archaic dialect, less easy to understand than neighbouring language Kazakh
.
(Mayan
family) Bible translation for the 1,000 speakers of Lacandon in Mexico. The New Testament was complete in 1978 and published by the World Bible League as A QUET U T'ɅNO' A RIC'BENO. There has since been progress on the Old Testament.
is a member of the Tibeto-Burman family.
, James O. Fraser
initially worked on Mark and John. He then handed on the translation task to Allyn Cooke and his wife, Leila, coming back to help the team with revision and checking in the mid 1930s. The complete New Testament was finished in 1938, and the complete Bible in 1968. 45,000 Lisu
Bibles were published in 1995.
by David Jones (missionary)
and David Griffiths, with the New Testament appearing in 1830. (1830).
, a dialect of Gaelic, by a committee of clergy from the Isle of Man
. The New Testament
appeared in 1767, and the complete Bible in 1772.
family. In 1844, the Gospel of Mark was translated into Micmac by Native Evangelist Paul Osunkhirine. St Matthew's Gospel was translated in 1853 by Silas Rand. He then continued to translate the entire New Testament, which was published in 1871 as Pelā Kesagǔnoodǔmǔkawa. He also translated and had published Genesis, Exodus, and the Psalms. Rand translated into Micmac from Hebrew and Greek. A new version of the New Testament was published in Micmac in 1999. The work was coordinated by Wycliffe Bible Translators, Watson and Marilyn Williams, both of whom dedicated nearly 30 years to the completion of the work. The team included three translation assistants, Manny Metallic, Nellie Wysote, and Marion Wilmot, community members, and others. Chiefs Ronald Jacques and the late Alphonse Metallic, and the Canadian Bible Society were also recognized for their work on the Bible.
(an Iroquoian language), extracts from the Bible were printed as early as 1715. The Gospel of St Mark, by Brant, in 1787; and St John, by Norton, in 1805. Between 1827 and 1836 the rest of the New Testament (except 2 Corinthians) was translated by H. A. Hill, W. Hess, and J. A. Wilkes, and the whole was printed in successive parts. The first part of the Old Testament in Mohawk is Isaiah, translated by William Hess, and printed in 1839. A new version of the Gospels, translated by Chief Joseph Onasakenrat, and reviewed by Jean Dion and P. Laforte, was printed in 1880. Onasakenrat was working on completing translating the Bible, but only got till Hebrews, dying before it was completed, his manuscript was never published. Jonah, Daniel, Ruth, Esther, and 2 Corinthians have been recently translated by a team of Mohawk Bible Translators led by Mavis Etienne. They are working on completing the Mohawk Bible translation. Wycliffe Bible Translators
is involved.
is part of the Iroquoian family. Leonard P. Brink, a Christian Reformed missionary working at Rehoboth, New Mexico, translated the first portions of the Bible into Navajo. His translations of Genesis and Mark were published by the American Bible Society
in 1910. Presbyterian missionaries John Butler, Alexander Black and F.G. Mitchell translated short portions, and in 1917 after collaborative work the American Bible Society
published in one volume portions from Genesis, Exodus, Psalms, Jonah, Isaiah, Mark, Luke, John, Romans, First Corinthians, and Revelation, as God Bîzad. In 1937 Acts was added, and it was republished as "God Bizaad" (God's Word)
Work only began in earnest, however, when Faye Edgerton
joined Wycliffe Bible Translators
in 1944. She and Geronimo Martin revised the older translations, and completed most of the New Testament. The Corinthian epistles were translated by William Goudberg and Jacob Kamps of the Christian Reformed Church. The New Testament was published in 1956, and became an instant bestseller among the tribe. The complete Bible, under the name Diyin God Bizaad, was printed for the first time in 1985. A revision was published by the American Bible Society
in 2000.
It uses the borrowed English word "God" for God, rather than the Navajo Bégochiddy, which was deemed unacceptable.
Navajo was the sixth Native American language to have the complete Bible translated into it.
of Yunnan
, China, by Elise Schapten, using the Pollard script
. It was published by the British and Foreign Bible Society in 1932.
As Danish
was the written language of Denmark–Norway
, there was no Norwegian language Bible until the independence of Norway in 1814
, and for some time thereafter (see Norwegian language struggle
). The independence of Norway saw the formation of the Norwegian Bible Society
, which first produced Bibles in Danish, which became Bokmål
as a separate Norwegian written language was formalized.
A translation of the New Testament into Nynorsk
was published in 1899, and of the entire Bible in 1921. Also, Jacob Jervell
- Lutheran, into Norwegian
A new translation "Norwegian Standard 2011" was released on 19 October 2011 for both Bokmål and Nynorsk.
in 1912.
, part of the Algonquian
language family in Canada, was the Gospels of St Matthew and St John, translated by Peter and John Jones
and printed in 1829-31. There are three complete translations of the New Testament in this language: One by Edwin James in 1833, another by Henry Blatchford in 1844 (reprinted in 1856 and 1875), and a third by Frederick O'Meara in 1854 (reprinted in 1874). O'Meara also translated the Psalms (1856) and the Pentateuch (1861), and Robert McDonald translated the Twelve Minor Prophets (1874). Jim Keesic translated about fifty percent of the old testament, and revised the New Testament. This was published by the Canadian Bible Society in August 2008. Bob Bryce and Henry Hostetler also worked on this project.
(Uto-Aztecan family) of the O'odham
of the Sonoran Desert
of southeastern Arizona and northwest Mexico was translated by Dean and Lucille Saxton of Wycliffe Bible Translators
. Work is being done on the Old Testament.
of India was translated by William Carey in 1808 and was distributed among pilgrims at Puri
to introduce them to Christianity. Then came the standard version by Amos Sutton
in the 1840s.
is a language of Ethiopia and Kenya. The New Testament was published in 1893, the complete Bible in 1899, the work of Aster Ganno
and Onesimos Nesib
. A new translation of the entire Bible was published by the Ethiopian Bible Society in 1992.
in 1818, with the first complete Bible in 1895. In 1991 the Pakistan Bible Society produced a modern New Testament, most recently revised in 1996.
is part of the Algonquian
family. Matthew's gospel was translated into by John William Tims and published in 1890 by the British and Foreign Bible Society. He also published "Readings From the Holy Scriptures" containing the first three chapters of Genesis and selections from the gospels. Donald and Patricia Frantz of Wycliffe Bible Translators published their translations of Mark and John in the 1970s.
translated into the language of China's Miao
, also known as "Flowery Miao".
language, spoken by a minority in El Salvador
. A website provides information about the project. Publication of at least one gospel is planned in 2009.
Brest Bible
, followed by 1572 Socinian
Nieśwież Bible and 1632 Danzig Bible, which was the most popular Protestant
translation until 1975 when Warsaw Bible was published. The first Catholic
translation was 1599 Wujek Bible
(named after its translator, Jesuit Jakub Wujek
), which remained the best known translation until Millennium Bible
was first published in 1965 and has now a similar status as KJV in English-speaking countries.
was by Damião de Góis
, who published Ecclesiastes in 1538, though it was not widely circulated. The principal translator of the Bible into Portuguese was João Ferreira de Almeida
, who began the translation in 1644, at the age of 16, and continued until his death in 1691. He translated all of the New Testament and a majority of the Old Testament. Those portions he did not translate before his death were completed by Jacob op den Akker.
is a fictional language devised by J. R. R. Tolkien
. Various parts of the Bible have been translated into Quenya language. Helge Fauskanger translated the first two chapters of Genesis, Matthew 1-5, the Johannine corpus, and Luke 2. Other portions are being translated by people on the website Aglardh.
is the language spoken by the Roma people, commonly called Gypsies. The New Testament has been translated into Romani. A version of it is available online.
(Yakut language) was prepared by the Kazan Missionary Society at the expense of the British and Foreign Bible Society, two were finished in 1897. The four gospels were completed in June 1898, and an edition of 3,000 was printed at Kazan.
Currently a new full translation of the Bible sponsored by the International Bible Society is being done by the well-known writer Nikolai Luginov, with assistance from a professional translator, Aita Shaposnikova. The New Testament was published in 2004 and reprinted in 2008. The psalms were published in January 2010.
Pdf New Testament from IBT
is part of the Iroquoian family. St Luke, by Thompson S. Harris, was printed in 1829, and the Four Gospels, by Asher Wright, in 1874.
published the first Bible portion in Shor language
, Luke 2:1-20 in 2000. In 2004 they published Mark, and in 2008 John 1:1-17.
(1778?-1817) translated a Sinhalese language Bible by 1823. BFBS revision of the Sinhalese Bible occurred from 1895-1910.
was accomplished by 1868, with a complete New Testament translation following in 1879 and a translation of the whole Bible in 1890. Since that time, there have been several translations into different dialects of Swahili as spoken in different regions of East Africa
; these include the Union Translation published by the Bible Society of Tanzania in 1950 and the Swahili Common Language version.
, also known as Pilipino is a major dialect and national language of the Philippines. Versions include:
translation based on Ang Biblia Full text Ang Magandang Balita Biblia
, 1973 Full text Ang Magandang Balita Biblia, 2005 edition Ang Salita ng Diyos, 1998: New Testament only; produced by Bibles International Full text
, with IBT
.
is part of the Athabaskan language family. Mark's gospel (T'oodiht'aiy Aandeegn' Suu'mark Utneetł'adn Haa') was published in the Upper Tanana language
by the American Bible Society in 1966. It was translated by Paul Milanowski and Donald Joe (Both of Wycliffe Bible Translators). 1 Timothy, translated by Paul and Trudy Milanowski was published in 1970 by Wycliffe Bible Translators. Paul Milanowski and Alfred John then translated I and II Thessalonians, I and II Timothy, Titus, and Philemon, which was published together under the title T'oodiht'aiy Aandeegn in 1972.
. The Institute for Bible Translation
is working on a modern translation, the new testament of which has already been published.
దేవుడు లోకమును ఎంతో ప్రేమించెను. కాగా ఆయన తన అద్వితీయ కుమారునిగా పుట్టిన వానియందు నిశ్వాసముంచు ప్రతివాడును నశింపక నిత్యజీవము పొందునట్లు ఆయనను అనుగ్రహించెను
translated the entire New Testament into the Tewa language
(Kiowa–Tanoan family).
, an ABMU
missionary, translated the New Testament into Thai language
from Greek. Part of the Bible in Thai was first published in 1834. The New Testament
in Thai was printed for the first time in 1843. The first full collection of Bible texts in Thai came out in 1883.
, in Tibetan language
was translated by Moravian Church missionaries William Heyde, Edward Pagel, and Heinrich Jaeschke, and later Dr. August Francke
. It was printed in 1862 at Kyelang
capital of Lahul in Kashmir. The whole New Testament was printed in 1885 in Ladakh
. Another version was translated in 1903. So as not to have the problem of various dialectal differences it was translated into classical Tibetan, but this was not understood by most people. Yoseb Gergen (aka Sonam Gergen), a Tibetan Christian translated the entire Bible, complete in 1935. This version was translated into a dialect of Tibetan Gergen had accidentally stumbled across, and which was understandable by all Tibetans. It was finally published in 1948. This is known in India as the Tibetan OV Bible. Eliya Tsetan Phuntshog published a New Testament in 1970. There is currently a project going on to translate the Bible into the East Tibetan dialect.
, were printed from 1885-89.
in Kannada script in 1842 and the complete The New Testament in 1847 by the Basel Mission
aries in Mangalore
.
has produced both the New Testament and several Old Testament books in the Turkmen language
.
translation of the Bible. They published Mark in 1996, Luke and Acts in 1997, the whole New Testament in 2001, Ruth, Esther, Jonah and Lamentations in 2003, and the Pentateuch, Proverbs and Psalms in 2005. The complete Bible is due to be published in the summer of 2010.
has begun in Moscow. The first publication of a biblical text into Wakhi
, was an excerpt from the Gospel of Luke (2:1-20) in a book on the birth of Jesus in the 80 languages of the peoples of the CIS, (IBT, 2000. p. 68-69). In 2001 the Institute for Bible Translation
published 1,500 copies of Selections from Luke.
began his Natick version in 1653 and finished it in 1661-63, with a revised edition in 1680-85. It was the first Bible to be printed in North America.
In 1709 Experience Mayhew
published his translation, in the Martha's Vineyard dialect, of the Psalms and John's Gospel.
, a Methodist, translated into Xhosa language
. Tiyo Soga
(1829–1871) was ordained the first African Presbyterian minister in 1856 and also translated.
translated the Bible into Yoruba language
and concluded it in the mid 1880s known as "Bibeli Mimo". The complete Yoruba Bible was first published in 1884.
by John Orlov, of the Russian Orthodox Church
in 1887. Moravian Missionary John Hinz translated Mark into a Yupik language, this being published in Germany in 1915. The four gospels and selections from the Psalms and New Testament was published as Kanegriarat Ashilret by the American Bible Society in 1929. The New Testament was then translated into a Yupik language by John Hinz and people from the Alaska Moravian Church. This was published by the American Bible Society
in 1956. A particularly interesting change was a switch from using the standard Yupik Yesus(Modern Spelling: Yiissus) (used in previous editions and in Jacobson's dictionary) to the anglicized Jesus. Yupik orthography and spelling was not yet standardized. Since then the Old Testament has been completed and together with the New Testament in modern orthography it is being prepared for printing. The translation team's goal is to have the whole Bible published by 2013.
was Matthew's Gospel, published in 1848 by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
(ABCFM). This was translated by George Champion (missionary), and revised by Newton Adams. The completed New Testament was published in 1865, translated by a several missionaries of the ABCFM. And the complete Bible, translated also by many members of the ABCFM, and corrected by Andrew Abraham, and finally edited by S. C. Pixley was published in 1883. It was revised in 1959, and published in London by the British and Foreign Bible Society
. A Modern Zulu New Testament, and as the Psalms was completed in 1986 and published in Cape Town by the Bible Society
of South Africa
. This was translated by Dean Nils Joëlson, and project co-ordinated by, Mr. D. T. Maseko and Mr. K. Magubane. John William Colenso
and Hans Paludan Smith Schreuder
are also said to have worked on Zulu Bible translation.
into the Zuñi language
(a language isolate
) of western New Mexico and eastern Arizona. In the 1930s and 1940s, George Yff and Rex Natewa, with the help of Wycliffe Bible Translator
Carroll Whitener translated Matthew and John. These translations had many problems, including the fact that they used grammatical sentence structure based on English instead of on Zuni. After extensive study of the Zuñi language
, and massive recordings of their folklore, and after creating a writing system that worked for their language, Curtis Cook translated the gospel of Mark (published in 1970) and Acts into the Zuñi language. Cook's chief language helper was Lorenzo Chavez
Bible translations
The Bible has been translated into many languages from the biblical languages of Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek. Indeed, the full Bible has been translated into over 450 languages, although sections of the Bible have been translated into over 2,000 languages....
have been made into 2,572+ languages, one of the two Testaments in 1,668 languages, and the full Protestant Canon of the Bible in 457 languages as of May 2011.
Afrikaans • Ainu • Albanian • Aleut • Alutiiq • Amharic • Aniwan • Apache • Arabic • Aramaic
Bible translations (Aramaic)
Aramaic translations of the Tanakh played an important role in the liturgy and learning of rabbinic Judaism. Each such translation is called a Targum . During Talmudic times the targum was interpolated within the public reading of the Torah in the synagogue, verse by verse...
• Armenian • Arapaho • Assamese • Auca • Avar • Azerbaijani • Basque • Batak • Belarusian
Bible translations into Belarusian
The first translation into Belarusian was by Francysk Skaryna. He printed his first book entitled The Psalter, in the Old Belarusian language on August 6, 1517 in Prague. He continued his printing work in Vilnius. The culmination of his life's work was a printing of the Bible in Old Belarusian....
• Bengali • Bisaya-Inunhan • Breton • Bulgarian
Bible translations into Bulgarian
Bible translations into modern Bulgarian date from the 1820s and were largely organised by Protestant missionaries. The Bulgarian Orthodox Church initially prefering the continued use of Old Church Slavonic....
• Burmese • Cakchiquel •Carrier • Catalan
Bible translations (Catalan)
The first complete Catalan bible translation was produced by the Catholic Church, between 1287 and 1290. It was entrusted to Jaume de Montjuich by Alfonso II of Aragon. Remains of this version can be found in Paris...
• Cebuano • Cherokee • Chichewa • Chinese
Chinese Bible Translations
Chinese Bible translations mean all works on translating whole or parts of the Bible into the many dialects of Chinese language. The creation of Chinese Bible Translations began in the nineteenth century, but availability only became widespread in the early twentieth century.-Catholic translation...
• Minority languages of China
Languages of China
China's many different ethnic groups speak many different languages, collectively called Zhōngguó Yǔwén , literally, "speech and writing of China", which span eight primary language families. Most of them are dissimilar morphologically and phonetically. Even within each family, most are mutually...
• Chope • Bemba • Coptic
Coptic versions of the Bible
There have been many Coptic versions of the Bible, including some of the earliest translations into any language. Several different versions were made in the ancient world, with different editions of the Old and New Testament in all four of the major dialects of Coptic: Bohairic , Fayyumic, Sahidic...
• Cornish • Cree • Croatian • Czech • Dakota • Danish • Dogrib • Dutch
Bible translations (Dutch)
Philips of Marnix, lord of Saint-Aldegonde , who was among the leaders of the Dutch War of Independence wrote one of the earliest Bible translations into Dutch. His translation influenced the later Statenvertaling or "States' Bible."...
• English
English translations of the Bible
The efforts of translating the Bible from its original languages into over 2,000 others have spanned more than two millennia. Partial translations of the Bible into languages of the English people can be traced back to the end of the 7th century, including translations into Old English and Middle...
• Esperanto • Estonian • Finnish
Bible translations (Finnish)
The first Finnish translation of the New Testament was Mikael Agricola's Se Wsi Testamenti Somexi , which was translated from Greek originals into Finnish in 1548...
• French • Georgian • German
German Bible translations
German language translations of the Bible have existed since the Middle Ages. The most influential is Luther's translation, which established High German as the literary language throughout Germany by the middle of the seventeenth century and which still continues to be most widely used in the...
• Gilbertese • Gothic
Gothic Bible
The Gothic Bible or Wulfila Bible is the Christian Bible as translated by Wulfila into the Gothic language spoken by the Eastern Germanic, or Gothic Tribes.- Codices :...
• Greek • Gullah • Gwich'in • Haida • Haitian • Hawaiian • Hawaiian Creole English • Hebrew • Hopi • Hungarian • Icelandic • Indonesian • Ilocano
Bible translations (Ilocano)
The Ilocano Bible, published in 1909, is the second Bible to be published in any Philippine language, after the Tagalog which was published in 1905....
• Inupiaq • Irish
Bible translations into Irish
The first Irish translation of the New Testament was begun by Nicholas Walsh, Bishop of Ossory, who worked on it until his untimely death in 1585. The work was continued by John Kearny, his assistant, and Dr. Nehemiah Donellan, Archbishop of Tuam, and it was finally completed by William O'Domhnuill...
• Italian • Japanese • Jèrriais • Kannada • Kazakh • Keres • Kikamba • Konkani • Korean
Bible translations into Korean
Prior to 1877 the small number of Christians in Korea had used Chinese Bibles.*1877 - The Ross New Testament by John Ross et al., at Dongguan Church in Mukden, Manchuria....
• Koryak • Koyukon • Kurdish • Kyrgyz • Lacandon • Latin • Latvian • Lisu • Lithuanian • Macedonian • Malay • Malayalam • Maltese • Manx • Maori • Marathi • Miao • Micmac • Mixtec • Mohawk • Mongolian
Bible translations into Mongolian
The first translation of the Bible into Mongolian was the work of Edward Stallybrass and William Swan both of the London Missionary Society, who translated the New Testament into the literary Mongolian language. Their translation was published in 1880 in Mongolian type in St. Petersburg, Russia...
• Nama • Navajo • Norwegian • Chinyanja• Nyika • O'odham • Ojibwa • Oromo • Oshindonga • Otjiherero • Paniya • Pashto • Piegan • Persian • Pipil • Polish
Bible translations into Polish
Bible translations into Polish date to 13th century. First full translations were completed in the 16th century. Today the official and most popular Bible in Poland is the Millennium Bible first published in 1965....
• Portuguese • Quenya • Romani • Romanian
Bible translations into Romanian
The first complete translation to Romanian was done in 1688 by Radu and Şerban Greceanu with the help of Şerban Cantacuzino and Constantin Brâncoveanu....
• Russian • Sakha • Seneca • Serbian • Shawi • Shor • Slavonic
Slavic translations of the Bible
This article deals with the history of translation of the Bible into Slavic languages, beginning in the second half of the 9th century....
• Slovene • Spanish • Swahili • Swedish • Tajik • Tashelhayt • Tagalog • Upper Tanana • Tatar • Tamil • Telugu • Tewa • Thai • Tibetan • Tlingit • Tongan • Tsimshian • Tulu • Turkish • Turkmen • Tuvan • Ukrainian • Urdu • Uyghur • Uzbek • Vietnamese • Wakhi • Welsh
Welsh Bible
Bible translations into Welsh have existed since at least the 15th century, but the most widely used translation of the Bible into Welsh for several centuries was the 1588 translation by William Morgan, as revised in 1620...
• Wampanoag • Xhosa • Yiddish• Yoruba • Yupik languages • Zulu • Zuñi
- References
- External links
- See also umbrella article Slavic translations of the BibleSlavic translations of the BibleThis article deals with the history of translation of the Bible into Slavic languages, beginning in the second half of the 9th century....
with detailed information on translations into Slavic languages
Ainu
The first biblical text in Ainu languageAinu language
Ainu is one of the Ainu languages, spoken by members of the Ainu ethnic group on the northern Japanese island of Hokkaidō....
appeared in 1887, when a tentative edition of 250 copies of Matthew 1-9, translated from the Greek with the aid of the Revised Version, by John Batchelor
John Batchelor
John Calvin Batchelor is an author and host of The John Batchelor Show radio news magazine. Based at WABC radio in New York for five years from early 2001 to September, 2006; the show was syndicated nationally on the ABC radio network. On October 7, 2007, Batchelor returned to radio on WABC New...
, assisted by a local Ainu, was published. Matthew and Jonah, by the same translator, were issued in 1889, the proofs being read by Mr. George Braithwaite, the agent of the British and Foreign Bible Society in Japan. In 1891 Mr. Batchelor returned to England and published the remaining Gospels. In 1893 a tentative edition of 300 each of Galatians, Ephesians, and Philippians, by the same translator, was prepared, which was published at Yokohama by a joint committee of the three Bible Societies (British and Foreign, American, and National of Scotland) in 1894. The Psalms and revised Gospels were issued in 1895. In 1897 a revised New Testament, by the same translator, with Ainu aid, was published at Yokohama by the joint committee.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| Batchelor, 1897 | Inambe gusu ne yakuu, Kamui anak ne koro shinen ne Poho koropare pakno moshiri omap ruwe ne, nen ne yakka nei Poho eishokoro guru obitta aisamka shomoki no nei pakno ne yakka ishu ramat koro kuni ne kore nisa ruwe ne. |
Aleut
Matthew in Aleut languageAleut language
Aleut is a language of the Eskimo–Aleut language family. It is the heritage language of the Aleut people living in the Aleutian Islands, Pribilof Islands, and Commander Islands. As of 2007 there were about 150 speakers of Aleut .- Dialects :Aleut is alone with the Eskimo languages in the...
was translated by Russian Orthodox St. Innocent Veniaminov
Innocent of Alaska
Saint Innocent of Alaska , also known as Saint Innocent of Moscow was a Russian Orthodox priest, bishop, archbishop and Metropolitan of Moscow and all Russia. He is known for his missionary work, scholarship and leadership in Alaska and the Russian Far East during the 19th century...
& St. Jacob Netsvetov
Jacob Netsvetov
Jacob Netsvetov, Enlightener of Alaska, was a native of the Aleutian Islands who became a priest of the Orthodox Church and continued the missionary work of St. Innocent among his and other Alaskan people. His feast day is celebrated on the day of his repose, July 26.-Early life:Father Jacob was...
. This was published first in 1840, and later 1896. Mark, Luke, and John were translated into Atkan Aleut in 1861 by Fr. Laurence Salamatov. They were not published. Fr. Innocent Shayashnikov translated Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, and Acts into Eastern Aleut in 1872. They were published between 1902 and 1903. More recently, the first few verses of Genesis 11 (recounting the tower of Babel) have been translated into modern Aleut for Omniglot.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| Eastern-Aleut, 1902 | Ма́ликъ Аг̑уг̑уҟъ у̑анъ слуҟъ итух̑таса́даликъ, ма́ликъ Льля́нъ ата́ҟанъ-а́ликъ-аг̑ана́ а́г̑наҟъ, А̊манъ маҥиюх̑та́намъ тамада́га, и̑килага́х̑та, та́г̑а анг̑а́г̑имъ инадука́юлюкъ мата́х̑та ҟули́нъ. |
| Atkan Aleut, 1861 | Агу́г̂ух̂ъ слю́м-иму́ну́ ҟаг̂ах̂та́чхузакумъ ма́лихъ, Льля́нъ ата́ҟанъа́лихъ аг̂ана́ а́г̂нах̂ъ, тама́дагъ А̊ма́нъ и́лъ маҥиюна́ маг̂аҟадалага́х̂та, та́г̂а анг̂а́г̂имъ иначаг̂и́улахъ маг̂и́х̂та. |
External links
The translation of Gospel of Matthew
Gospel of Matthew
The Gospel According to Matthew is one of the four canonical gospels, one of the three synoptic gospels, and the first book of the New Testament. It tells of the life, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth...
into Alutiiq
Alutiiq
The Alutiiq , also called Pacific Yupik or Sugpiaq, are a southern coastal people of the Native peoples of Alaska. Their language is called Sugstun, and it is one of Eskimo languages, belonging to the Yup’ik branch of these languages. They are not to be confused with the Aleuts, who live further...
by Ilya Tyzhnov (Elias Tishnoff) of the Russian Orthodox Alaska mission, was published in St. Petersburg, in 1848.
Arapaho
The first Bible portion in Arapaho languageArapaho language
The Arapaho language or hinono'eitiit is a Plains Algonquian language spoken almost entirely by elders in Wyoming, and to a much lesser extent in Oklahoma. It is in great danger of becoming extinct. As of 1996, there were approximately 1,000 speakers of theNorthern Arapaho...
(Algonquian
Algonquian languages
The Algonquian languages also Algonkian) are a subfamily of Native American languages which includes most of the languages in the Algic language family. The name of the Algonquian language family is distinguished from the orthographically similar Algonquin dialect of the Ojibwe language, which is a...
family) was translated by John Kliewer, a mennonite missionary, he translated Matthew 9:1-8. This was published with commentary in a ten page pamphlet by Wm. J. Krehbiel in 1888. The first book was done by John Roberts, an Episcopal
Episcopal Church (United States)
The Episcopal Church is a mainline Anglican Christian church found mainly in the United States , but also in Honduras, Taiwan, Colombia, Ecuador, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Venezuela, the British Virgin Islands and parts of Europe...
missionary, and Michael White Hawk who translated the Gospel of Luke into the Arapaho language
Arapaho language
The Arapaho language or hinono'eitiit is a Plains Algonquian language spoken almost entirely by elders in Wyoming, and to a much lesser extent in Oklahoma. It is in great danger of becoming extinct. As of 1996, there were approximately 1,000 speakers of theNorthern Arapaho...
for the American Bible Society
American Bible Society
The American Bible Society is an interconfessional, non-denominational, nonprofit organization, founded in 1816 in New York City, which publishes, distributes and translates the Bible and provides study aids and other tools to help people engage with the Bible.It is probably best known for its...
in 1903.
| Translation | Lord's Prayer Lord's Prayer The Lord's Prayer is a central prayer in Christianity. In the New Testament of the Christian Bible, it appears in two forms: in the Gospel of Matthew as part of the discourse on ostentation in the Sermon on the Mount, and in the Gospel of Luke, which records Jesus being approached by "one of his... , from Luke Gospel of Luke The Gospel According to Luke , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Luke or simply Luke, is the third and longest of the four canonical Gospels. This synoptic gospel is an account of the life and ministry of Jesus of Nazareth. It details his story from the events of his birth to his Ascension.The... 11:2-4 |
|---|---|
| Roberts & White Hawk (1903) | Hāsaunaunene Nananede hanedaude hejavaa, Vadanauha Nananene haneseede. Nananene hanajanede hanājaunauau. Nananene hathanavāane hadnaasedaunee hasauau hejavaa, nau jee nuu vedauauwuu. Hejevenāa hadauchusenee hayauwusenee vethewau. Nau jejaegudanauwunāa hewauchudaudenedaunau hanau nechau nejaegudanauwunade haunauude hanesāde nethāesayānedanauwunuade. Nau jevaechauhāa nedauvasehadee; hau haugaunayauhāa hehethee hadau wausauau. |
| Roberts & White Hawk (1903) Modern Orthography |
Heisonoonin... (Please complete if you are able.) |
Assamese
- Nathan BrownNathan Brown (missionary)Nathan Brown was an American Baptist missionary to India and Japan, Bible translator, and abolitionist.-Early life and missions to Burma and Assam:...
, Baptist, translated into AssameseAssamese languageAssamese is the easternmost Indo-Aryan language. It is used mainly in the state of Assam in North-East India. It is also the official language of Assam. It is also spoken in parts of Arunachal Pradesh and other northeast Indian states. Nagamese, an Assamese-based Creole language is widely used in...
and ShanShan languageThe Shan language is the native language of Shan people and spoken mostly in Shan State, Burma. It is also used in pockets of Kachin State in Burma, in northern Thailand, and in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. Shan is a member of the Tai–Kadai language family, and...
.
Auca, Waodani, Huaorani
- Rachel Saint, an American, translated into Huaorani languageHuaorani languageThe Huaorani language, commonly known as Sabela is a language isolate spoken by the Huaorani people, an indigenous group living in the Amazon Rainforest between the Napo and Curaray Rivers...
(language isolateLanguage isolateA language isolate, in the absolute sense, is a natural language with no demonstrable genealogical relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. They are in effect language families consisting of a single...
) of Ecuador and Peru.
Avar
The Bible is being translated into Avar languageAvar language
The modern Avar language belongs to the Avar–Andic group of the Northeast Caucasian language family....
(North Caucasian
North Caucasian languages
North Caucasian languages is a blanket term for two language phyla spoken chiefly in the north Caucasus and Turkey: the Northwest Caucasian family and the Northeast Caucasian family North Caucasian languages (sometimes called simply Caucasic as opposed to Kartvelian, and to avoid confusion with...
) of the Caucasus by the Institute for Bible Translation
Institute for Bible Translation
The Institute for Bible Translation was founded in Stockholm, Sweden in 1973 by Borislav Arapovic, its main task being to publish Bibles for "non-Slavic peoples in Slavic countries." These 85 million people in non-Slavic ethnic groups living in the former Soviet Union - now CIS, including Russia -...
. The first portion in Avar, John, was published in 1979, Mark followed in 1996, Luke and Acts in 2000, Proverbs in 2005, and the complete New Testament in September 2008. Work on the Old Testament continues.
Basque
- Joanes LeizarragaJoanes LeizarragaJoanes Leizarraga was a 16th century Basque priest. He is most famous for being the first to attempt the standardisation of the Basque language and for the translation of religious works into Basque, in particular the first Basque translation of the New Testament.-Early years:Leizarraga was born...
, a Catholic priest that joined the ReformationProtestant ReformationThe Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...
, translated the Bible into BasqueBasque languageBasque is the ancestral language of the Basque people, who inhabit the Basque Country, a region spanning an area in northeastern Spain and southwestern France. It is spoken by 25.7% of Basques in all territories...
(1571).
Batak
- Ludwig Ingwer NommensenLudwig Ingwer NommensenLudwig Ingwer Nommensen was a German Lutheran missionary to Sumatra who also translated the New Testament into the native Batak language. Stephen Neill, a historian of missions, considered Nommensen one of the greatest missionaries of all time...
, of the Rhenish Mission Society, into BatakBatak languagesThe Batak languages are spoken by Batak and Alas people of North Sumatra, Indonesia.Historically they were written using Batak script but the Latin alphabet is now used for most writing....
of Sumatra.
Bemba, Cibemba
Part of the Bible in Bemba languageBemba language
The Bemba language, ChiBemba , is a major Bantu language spoken primarily in north-eastern Zambia by the Bemba people and as a lingua franca by about 18 related ethnic groups, including the Bisa people of Mpika and Lake Bangweulu, and to a lesser extent in Katanga in the Democratic Republic of the...
was first published in 1904, followed by the New Testament in 1916, and the entire Bible in 1956. Currently a revision is in progress. Rev. Paul Mushindo and the notoriously difficult Scottish missionary Robert McMinn worked together on Bible translation into the Bemba language
Bemba language
The Bemba language, ChiBemba , is a major Bantu language spoken primarily in north-eastern Zambia by the Bemba people and as a lingua franca by about 18 related ethnic groups, including the Bisa people of Mpika and Lake Bangweulu, and to a lesser extent in Katanga in the Democratic Republic of the...
for over twenty years.
Bengali
- William Carey, a Baptist, translated into BengaliBengali languageBengali or Bangla is an eastern Indo-Aryan language. It is native to the region of eastern South Asia known as Bengal, which comprises present day Bangladesh, the Indian state of West Bengal, and parts of the Indian states of Tripura and Assam. It is written with the Bengali script...
and SanskritSanskritSanskrit , is a historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.Buddhism: besides Pali, see Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Today, it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand...
.
Bisaya-Inunhan
- Eldon Leano Talamisan, 1999 (New Testament), PhilippinesPhilippinesThe Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
, into the Onhan language or Bisaya-InunhanOnhan languageThe Onhan language is a Kinaray-a language spoken, along with the Romblomanon and Asi languages, in the province of Romblon, Philippines. The language is also known as Inunhan and Loocnon....
Burmese
Adoniram JudsonAdoniram Judson
Adoniram Judson, Jr. was an American Baptist missionary, who served in Burma for almost forty years. At the age of 25, Adoniram Judson became the first Protestant missionary sent from North America to preach in Burma...
made the first translation of the Bible into Burmese
Burmese language
The Burmese language is the official language of Burma. Although the constitution officially recognizes it as the Myanmar language, most English speakers continue to refer to the language as Burmese. Burmese is the native language of the Bamar and related sub-ethnic groups of the Bamar, as well as...
, completed in 1834.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| Judson Translation | ဘုရားသခင်၏သားတော်ကို ယုံကြည်သောသူအပေါင်းတို့သည်၊ ပျက်စီးခြင်းသို့မရောက်၊ ထာဝရ အသက်ကို ရစေခြင်းငှါ၊ ဘုရားသခင်သည် မိမိ၌ တပါးတည်းသော သားတော်ကို စွန့်တော်မူသည်တိုင်အောင် လောကီသားကို ချစ်တော်မူ၏။. |
External links
Buryat
In 1818, having seen some sheets of Matthew in Kalmyk languageKalmyk language
The Kalmyk language , or Russian Oirat, is the native speech of the Kalmyk people of the Republic of Kalmykia, a federal subject of the Russian Federation. In Russia, it is the normative form of the Oirat language , which belongs to the Mongolic language family...
, two Buryat chiefs were sent to St. Petersburg to obtain a translation of the New Testament in their own Buryat language
Buryat language
Buryat is a Mongolic variety spoken by the Buryats that is either classified as a language or as a major dialect group of Mongolian. The majority of Buryat speakers live in Russia along the northern border of Mongolia where it is an official language in the Buryat Republic, Ust-Orda Buryatia and...
. During the progress of the work, the two chiefs were so impressed that they forsook Buddhism and became Christians.
The whole Bible was completed at Selenginsk
Selenginsk
Novoselenginsk is a rural locality in Selenginsky District of the Republic of Buryatia, Russia, located on the Selenge River south of Lake Baikal...
by William Swan
William Swan (missionary)
William Swan was a Scottish missionary in Siberia and one of the translators of the Bible into Mongolian....
and Edward Stallybrass
Edward Stallybrass
Edward Stallybrass was a British Congregational missionary to the Buryat people of Siberia. He translated the Bible into Mongolian.-Biography:...
, and printed in Siberia at the joint expense of the American and British and Foreign
British and Foreign Bible Society
The British and Foreign Bible Society, often known in England and Wales as simply as Bible Society, is a non-denominational Christian Bible society with charity status whose purpose is to make the Bible available throughout the world....
Bible Societies; but on the suppression of the mission by the Russian Government in 1840, the circulation of the book stopped.
In 1911 Larson and Almblad revised the Gospels and Acts, and in 1913 Genesis and Jonah. These were published by the British and Foreign Bible Society.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... (Иоанн) 3:16 |
|---|---|
| Cyrillic Orthography | Юундэб гэбэл, Хүн түрэлхитэнэй Хүбүүндэ этигэгшэдэй хосоронгүй, хэтэ мүнхэдөө амидархынь тула Бурхан хадаа газар дэлхэйн хүнүүдтэ тон ехээр дурлажа, өөрынгөө ори ганса Хүбүүе үргэл болгожо үгөө бшуу. |
| Transliteration | Yundeb gebel, Hun türelhiteney Hübüünde etigegshedey hosorongüy, hete münhedöö amidarhını tula Burhan hadaa gazar delheyn hünüüdte ton yeheer durlazha, öörıngöö ori gansa Hübüüye ürgel bolgozho ügöö bshuu. |
Cakchiquel
- William Cameron TownsendWilliam Cameron TownsendWilliam Cameron Townsend was a prominent American Christian missionary whose ministry began in the early twentieth century...
- Evangelical, translated into Kaqchikel languageKaqchikel languageThe Kaqchikel, or Kaqchiquel, language is an indigenous Mesoamerican language and a member of the Quichean–Mamean branch of the Mayan languages family. It is spoken by the indigenous Kaqchikel people in central Guatemala...
, one of the Mayan languagesMayan languagesThe Mayan languages form a language family spoken in Mesoamerica and northern Central America. Mayan languages are spoken by at least 6 million indigenous Maya, primarily in Guatemala, Mexico, Belize and Honduras...
of Guatemala.
Carrier
The Wycliffe Bible Translators affiliated CarrierCarrier language
The Carrier language is a Northern Athabaskan language. It is named after the Dakelh people, a First Nations people of the Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada, for whom Carrier is the usual English name. People who are referred to as Carrier speak two related languages. One,...
Bible Translation Committee translated the whole New Testament into the Nak'albun/Dzinhubun dialect. This was published by the International Bible Society in 1995 as Yak'usda Ooghuni: 'Andidi Khuni Neba Lhaidinla-i. They then worked on a Ulkatcho dialect version, which was printed by Wycliffe Bible Translators in 2002 as Yak'usda Bughunek: K'andit Khunek Neba Lhaidinla.
Cheyenne
Rodolphe Petter, a Swiss linguist, and MennoniteMennonite
The Mennonites are a group of Christian Anabaptist denominations named after the Frisian Menno Simons , who, through his writings, articulated and thereby formalized the teachings of earlier Swiss founders...
missionary, translated the New Testament and part of the Old Testament into Cheyenne
Cheyenne language
The Cheyenne language is a Native American language spoken by the Cheyenne people, predominantly in present-day Montana and Oklahoma in the United States. It is part of the Algonquian language family...
. His translation of the New Testament was "from the original Greek, with comparison to the Latin Vulgate and other translations". The first portion of the Bible published were some small translations in the Cheyenne Reading Book, published in 1895. Luke and John were printed together in 1902. The complete New Testament was first published in 1934.
In 1975 Wayne and Elena Leman, of Wycliffe Bible Translators, started a translation of the Bible from the original languages into colloquial Cheyenne. (Petter's translation is in a more formal, literal style). Their translation has the complete text for Luke, Philippians, 1 Peter, 1 John as well as portions from other books. It was dedicated on 28 January 2007.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| Leman Translation, 2007 | Ma'heo'o tséxhoháeméhotaétse hee'haho ného'eanȯemétaenone. Tséne'étamé'tovótsese hee'haho tsea'eneametanéneo'o. |
Choctaw
In Choctaw languageChoctaw language
The Choctaw language, traditionally spoken by the Native American Choctaw people of the southeastern United States, is a member of the Muskogean family...
(one of the Muskogean languages), three of the Gospels, translated by Alfred Wright, were printed as early as 1831, and the complete New Testament, by Wright and Byington, in 1848. The Pentateuch, the historical books of the Old Testament, and the Psalms, by Wright, Byington, and Edwards, came out between 1852 and 1886.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... (Chan) 3:16 |
|---|---|
| American Bible Society 1854 | Chihowa yʋt yakni a̱ i̱ hullo fehna kʋt, kʋna hosh yʋmma i̱ ymmikmʋtik illo hosh, amba ai ikcha̱yʋt bilia yo̱ pisa hi o̱. Ushi achʋfa illa holitopa ya̱ auet ima tok. |
Chope, Tshopi
- Dinis SengulaneDinis SengulaneDinis Salomão Sengulane is the Anglican Bishop of Lebombo, Maputo, Mozambique. He helped to end the Mozambican Civil War and helped with the surrender of 600,000 weapons that were notably converted into art.-Biography:...
, an Anglican of the Mozambican Diocese of Lebombo, translated into Tshopi
Comanche
Mark was translated into Comanche languageComanche language
Comanche is a Uto-Aztecan language spoken by the Comanche people, who split off from the Shoshone soon after they acquired horses in around 1705...
by Elliot Canonge of Wycliffe Bible Translated, and was published by the American Bible Society in 1958 as Mark-ha tsaatü narümu'ipü̲.
Dakota
The Dakota languageDakota language
Dakota is a Siouan language spoken by the Dakota people of the Sioux tribes. Dakota is closely related to and mutually intelligible with the Lakota language.-Dialects:...
(Siouan language family) Bible translation was started with Thomas Williamson and, Joseph Renville
Joseph Renville
Joseph Renville was an interpreter, translator, and an important figure in dealings between white men and Dakota Indians in Minnesota. He contributed to the translation of Christian religious texts in to the Dakota language. The hymnal Dakota dowanpi kin, was "composed by J...
, a fur trader of French and Dakotan descent. Williamson first modified the Latin alphabet to "work" for Dakota, he then spent day after day for two or three winters in Renville's warehouse, reading verse by verse from his French Bible. Renville would then give the Dakota, and Williamson would write it down. They finished Mark and John this way. In 1837 Williamson was joined by Stephen Riggs
Stephen Return Riggs
Stephen Return Riggs was a Christian missionary and linguist who lived and worked among the Dakota Indians....
, and both of them learned Dakota, and then compared the tentative translation with the original Greek.
In 1843 they offered a corrected gospel to the American Bible Society
American Bible Society
The American Bible Society is an interconfessional, non-denominational, nonprofit organization, founded in 1816 in New York City, which publishes, distributes and translates the Bible and provides study aids and other tools to help people engage with the Bible.It is probably best known for its...
to be printed. It took nearly 40 years before the full Bible was translated. Williamson never lived to see it finished, as he died in 1879. Their work was revised by Williamson's son, the Rev. John Williamson.
Sample Texts
| Translation | Lord's prayer, Matthew 6:9-13 |
|---|---|
| Riggs, 1871 | Ate unyanpi maḣpiya kin en; Nicaje wakandapi kte; Nitokiconze u kte; Nitawacin ecen econpi nunwe, maḣpiya kin en iyececa, nakun maka akan: Anpetu kin ḋe anpetu woyute unqu miye: Qa waunḣtanipi kin unkicicajuju po, tona waunkiciḣtanipi wicunkicicajujupi kin he iyececa: Qa taku wawiyutanyan un kin en unkayapi śni po, tuka taku śice cin etanhan eunhdaku po: Wokiconze kin he niye nitawa, qa wowaśake kin, qa wowitan kin, owihanke wanica. |
| Riggs, 1871 - Modern Orthography | Atéuŋyaŋpi maĥpíya kiŋ én; Ničháže wakháŋdapi kte; Nithókičuŋze ú kte; Nitháwačhiŋ ečhén ečhúŋpi nuŋwé, maĥpíya kiŋ én iyéčheča, nakúŋ makhá akáŋ; Aŋpétu kiŋ dé aŋpétu wóyute uŋk’úpi yé. K’a waúŋĥtanipi kiŋ uŋkíčičažužu po, tóna waúŋkičiĥtanipi wičhúŋkičičažužupi kiŋ hé iyéčheča; K’a táku wawíyutaŋyaŋ úŋ kiŋ én uŋkáyapi šni po, tukhá táku šíče čiŋ etáŋhaŋ éuŋhdaku po: Wókičuŋze kiŋ hé niyé nitháwa, k’a wówaš’ake kiŋ, k’a wówitaŋ kiŋ, owíhaŋke waníča. |
External links
- Dakota Bible Digitization, and re-Orthogriphication Project
- Dakota Wowapi Wakan (text form, not scanned, of some of the Old and New Testaments with plans in the future to update it to modern Lakhota)
- Dakota Wowapi Wakan Kin (Scan of the New Testament in Dakota on Google Books)
Dene Suline
In the Chipewyan, or Dene Suline languageDene Suline language
Dene Suline or Chipewyan is the language spoken by the Chipewyan people of central Canada. It is a part of the Athabaskan family...
, of central Canada William West Kirkby's translation of the Gospels appeared in 1878 and the whole New Testament in 1881. Henry Faraud may, at least in the beginning, also been involved with this translation.
Dogrib
Wycliffe Bible Translators has had teams working in Canada's Dogrib languageDogrib language
Dogrib, the English translation of the indigenous name ' , is a Northern Athabaskan language spoken by the First Nations Tłı̨chǫ people of the Canadian territory Northwest Territories...
off and on since the 1960s. Jaap and Morine Feenstra, the fourth team on the project, began to work on the Dogrib project in 1985. Wycliffe Bible Translators Vic and Anita Monus joined them later. The entire New Testament was drafted, community checked and rechecked by a consultant between 1995 and 2000. The translation team (including Mary Louise Bouvier White, Elizabeth Mackenzie, Mary Siemens, and perhaps others) was headed by Jaap Feenstra of Wycliffe Bible Translators. The complete New Testament in Dogrib (Nǫhtsı̨ Nı̨htł'è, Zezì wegǫ̀hlı̨ tł'axǫǫ̀) was dedicated on August 23, 2003 in Rae, Northwest Territories. Genesis has also been translated.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| WBT, 2003 | “Nǫ̀htsı̨ dıı nèk'e dǫ hazǫǫ̀ sıì goghǫneètǫ t'à, edeza ı̨łàet'ee dǫ tł'aàyı̨̀ı̨htı̨. Amı̀ı ehkw'ı adı yı̨ı̨hwhǫǫ sı̀ı wedıhołè ha-le, welǫ whı̀le ts'ǫ̀ eda ha. |
Gagauz
The Institute for Bible Translation is translating the Bible into the Gagauz languageGagauz language
The Gagauz language is a Turkic language, spoken by the Gagauz people, and the official language of Gagauzia, Moldova. There are two dialects, Bulgar Gagauzi and Maritime Gagauzi. This is a different language from Balkan Gagauz Turkish....
.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... (İoan) 3:16 |
|---|---|
| IBT, 2006 | Zerä Allah ölä pek sevdi bu dünneyi, ani verdi biricik Oolunu, ki herkezi, kim inanacek Ona, kaybelmesin, ama diveç yaşasın. |
Greek
The first translation was the original Septuagint, 200BCE. Modern translations of Old and New Testament date from the 19th Century.Gullah
The effort to translate the Bible into GullahGullah
The Gullah are African Americans who live in the Lowcountry region of South Carolina and Georgia, which includes both the coastal plain and the Sea Islands....
, a creole language
Creole language
A creole language, or simply a creole, is a stable natural language developed from the mixing of parent languages; creoles differ from pidgins in that they have been nativized by children as their primary language, making them have features of natural languages that are normally missing from...
spoken by residents of the Sea Islands
Sea Islands
The Sea Islands are a chain of tidal and barrier islands on the Atlantic Ocean coast of the United States. They number over 100, and are located between the mouths of the Santee and St. Johns Rivers along the coast of the U.S...
off the eastern coast of the southern United States, began in 1979 with a team of Gullah speakers from the Penn Center. They were assisted by Pat and Claude Sharpe, translation consultants for Wycliffe Bible Translators. Pat Sharpe died in 2002, and was replaced by David and Lynn Frank. The gospels of Luke
Gospel of Luke
The Gospel According to Luke , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Luke or simply Luke, is the third and longest of the four canonical Gospels. This synoptic gospel is an account of the life and ministry of Jesus of Nazareth. It details his story from the events of his birth to his Ascension.The...
and John
Gospel of John
The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus...
were released in 1995 and 2003, while the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
was released in 2005.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| De Nyew Testament | Cause God lobe all de people een de wol so much dat e gii we e onliest Son. God sen we um so dat ebrybody wa bleebe on um ain gwine ded. Dey gwine libe fa true faeba mo. |
External links
- Press release on the Gullah New Testament
- Photos from the Gullah NT blessing service
- Lansing State Journal on the translation
- Pat and Claude Sharpe - Evangelical, translated into GullahGullahThe Gullah are African Americans who live in the Lowcountry region of South Carolina and Georgia, which includes both the coastal plain and the Sea Islands....
Gwich'in (Kutchin)
The first portions of the Bible available in Gwich'in language (Athabaskan language family) of Canada was the Gospels and 1-3 John. This was translated by Archdeacon Robert McDonald of the Church Missionary Society in 1874. The whole New Testament, also McDonald's translation, was printed in 1884. In 1886 he proceeded with the Old Testament. A small edition of Genesis, Exodus and Leviticus was published in 1890 by Archdeacon (afterwards Bishop) Reeve, and the Pentateuch was completed in 1891. In 1892 Joshua to Ruth, edited by Rev. C. G. Wallis (C.M.S.), was published, and in 1895 1'st Samuel was added. In 1897 the whole Bible was in the press under the care of McDonald, but owing to delay in communication printing only reached Job in 1898, when McDonald came home to see it through. First consignment of 100 Bibles, 100 Old Testaments, and 100 New Testaments were shipped to Bishop Bompas in February 1899, and the rest of the edition was taken with him by Archdeacon McDonald on his return in the same year. A corrected edition of the New Testament, prepared by C.E. Whittaker and B. Totty was published by the British and Foreign Bible Society in 1920. Richard J. Mueller, from Wycliffe Bible TranslatorsWycliffe Bible Translators
Wycliffe Bible Translators is an interdenominational organization mandated to making a translation of the Bible in every living language in the world, especially for cultures with little existing Christian influence. Wycliffe was founded in 1942 by William Cameron Townsend and is associated with...
produced a modern translation of Acts. Since then Pierre DeMers and Judy Erick have translated a few other books, and the complete New Testament has been translated. It is currently being typeset.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| McDonald (BFBS British and Foreign Bible Society The British and Foreign Bible Society, often known in England and Wales as simply as Bible Society, is a non-denominational Christian Bible society with charity status whose purpose is to make the Bible available throughout the world.... 1898) |
Kwuggut yoo kwikkit Vittekwichanchyo nunhkug kettinizhin, tit Tinji ettetvirzị ettiyin kwuntlanttshị, chootin te yik kinjizhit rsyetetgititelya kkwa kenjit, kọ sheg kwundui tettiya. |
| 1920 Corrected Edition | Kwuggut yoo kwikit Vittekwichanchyo nunhkug ketinizhin, ti Tinji etetvirzị etiyin kwuntlantshị, chootin te yi kinjizhit rsyetetgititelya kkwa kenjit, kọ sheg kwundui tetiya. |
Haida
The first portion of the Bible in Haida languageHaida language
The Haida language is the language of the Haida people. It contains seven vowels and well over 30 consonants.-History:The first documented contact between the Haida and Europeans was in 1774, on Juan Pérez's exploratory voyage. At this time Haidas inhabited the Queen Charlotte Islands, Dall...
(Language isolate) of Alaska, 500 copies of Matthew, became available in 1891. It was translated by Charles Harrison
Charles Harrison
Charles Harrison may refer to:*Charles "Chuck" Harrison, industrial designer at Sears Roebuck*Charles Custis Harrison , provost of the University of Pennsylvania*Charles Townsend Harrison , British art historian.*Charles W...
, a Church Missionary Society missionary at Masset. Harrison was sent out in 1882, and returned to England in 1891—being succeeded by the Rev. John Henry Keen
John Henry Keen
The Reverend John Henry Keen was a missionary in Canada. He translated scriptures into Haida. Keen wrote on insects he had discovered and he had a species of mouse and bat named after him. In 1898 Keen sold a number of items to the British Museum including a model totem and an explanation of the...
. In 1897 Keen's version of the Acts was published: till then Matthew was the only printed book in the language. Keen also prepared Luke, John, 1 Corinthians, Psalms, and parts of Genesis. (see account of his method of translation, Report of the British and Foreign Bible Society, 1898, p. 317); Luke and John were published in 1899. It is unclear what happened to Keen's manuscripts for Genesis, Psalms, and 1 Corinthians, as they were never published.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| Keen (BFBS British and Foreign Bible Society The British and Foreign Bible Society, often known in England and Wales as simply as Bible Society, is a non-denominational Christian Bible society with charity status whose purpose is to make the Bible available throughout the world.... 1899) |
Shanung-itlagadas hēt-tligai kwoyādagun alth, Gitang swonshuns tla ga il isdagun, la nung yetdasdlu gum il gū-uns gien, il hēnung-a-swonung-ai una. |
Haitian Creole
One Haitian Creole Bible "Bib La", sponsored by the Société Biblique Haïtienne (Haitian Bible Society; part of the United Bible SocietiesUnited Bible Societies
The United Bible Societies is a worldwide association of Bible societies. In 1946 delegates from 13 countries formed the UBS, as an effort to coordinate the activities of the bible societies. The first headquarters were London and in Geneva...
), was published in 1985 by the American Bible Society
American Bible Society
The American Bible Society is an interconfessional, non-denominational, nonprofit organization, founded in 1816 in New York City, which publishes, distributes and translates the Bible and provides study aids and other tools to help people engage with the Bible.It is probably best known for its...
in hardcover (ISBN 1-58516-072-5), and a leather bound edition was published in 1999 (ISBN 1-58516-719-3).
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| 1985 | Paske, Bondye sitèlman renmen lèzòm li bay sèl Pitit li a pou yo. Tout moun ki va mete konfyans yo nan li p'ap pedi lavi yo. Okontrè y'a gen lavi ki p'ap janm fini an. |
External links
Hebrew
Summary: The Hebrew BibleHebrew Bible
The Hebrew Bible is a term used by biblical scholars outside of Judaism to refer to the Tanakh , a canonical collection of Jewish texts, and the common textual antecedent of the several canonical editions of the Christian Old Testament...
is almost entirely in Hebrew, the few sections that are in Aramaic are in a form of Jewish Aramaic and Hebrew Script which are effectively intelligible to Hebrew readers and do not require translation. The books of the apocrypha
Apocrypha
The term apocrypha is used with various meanings, including "hidden", "esoteric", "spurious", "of questionable authenticity", ancient Chinese "revealed texts and objects" and "Christian texts that are not canonical"....
, many of which originated in Hebrew but were lost, were translated back from Greek into Hebrew by Reform Rabbi Seckel Isaac Fraenkel in 1830. Several Rabbinical translations of Matthew were translated by Jewish rabbis from Latin for polemical purposes during the Middle Ages. The New Testaments of German Franz Delitzsch
Franz Delitzsch
Franz Delitzsch was a German Lutheran theologian and Hebraist. Born in Leipzig, he held the professorship of theology at the University of Rostock from 1846 to 1850, at the University of Erlangen until 1867, and after that at the University of Leipzig until his death...
1877 and Isaac Salkinsohn
Yitzhak Salkinsohn
Isaac Edward Salkinsohn , , was a Jew who converted to Christianity, and lived during the Jewish Enlightenment. He was famous as a translator into Hebrew...
1885 were commissioned by Protestant missionary organisations.
Hopi
Part of the Bible was published in Hopi languageHopi language
Hopi is a Uto-Aztecan language spoken by the Hopi people of northeastern Arizona, USA, although today some Hopi are monolingual English speakers.The use of the language has gradually declined over the course of the 20th century...
for the first time in 1929. The New Testament was first published in 1972. It seems to mainly have been the work of Jonathan Ekstrom and Starlie "Elsie" Polacca.
Igbo
British Anglican Thomas John Dennis (who was killed when a German U-boat sunk his ship on return to Liverpool in 1917) translated the Bible into a "standard" "Union Igbo" by 1913. This version was very influential but criticised by artists, among them Chinua AchebeChinua Achebe
Albert Chinụalụmọgụ Achebe popularly known as Chinua Achebe is a Nigerian novelist, poet, professor, and critic...
, as stultifying the Igbo language
Igbo language
Igbo , or Igbo proper, is a native language of the Igbo people, an ethnic group primarily located in southeastern Nigeria. There are approximately 20 million speakers that are mostly in Nigeria and are primarily of Igbo descent. Igbo is a national language of Nigeria. It is written in the Latin...
. The Igbo Living Bible was published in 1988.
Jèrriais
Only selected passages from the Bible has been translated into JèrriaisJèrriais
Jèrriais is the form of the Norman language spoken in Jersey, in the Channel Islands, off the coast of France. It has been in decline over the past century as English has increasingly become the language of education, commerce and administration...
, the form of the Norman language spoken in Jersey, in the Channel Islands, off the coast of France, in Europe.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... (Jean) 3:16 |
|---|---|
| Lé Nouvieau Testament | Car Dgieu aimait tant l'monde qu'i' donnit san seul Fis, à seule fîn qu'touos les cheins tchi craient en li n'péthissent pon, mais qu'il aient la vie êtèrnelle. |
Kalmyk, Oirat
The first translation into Kalmyk languageKalmyk language
The Kalmyk language , or Russian Oirat, is the native speech of the Kalmyk people of the Republic of Kalmykia, a federal subject of the Russian Federation. In Russia, it is the normative form of the Oirat language , which belongs to the Mongolic language family...
was about 1750 by Conrad Neitz, Morovian missionary at Sarepta
Sarepta
Sarepta was a Phoenician city on the Mediterranean coast between Sidon and Tyre. Most of the objects by which we characterise Phoenician culture are those that have been recovered scattered among Phoenician colonies and trading posts; such carefully excavated colonial sites are in Spain, Sicily,...
. Isaac Jacob Schmidt
Isaac Jacob Schmidt
Isaac Jacob Schmidt was an Orientalist specializing in Mongolian and Tibetan. Schmidt was a Moravian missionary to the Kalmyks and devoted much of his labours to bible translation....
, a Morovian translated the gospels, publishing Matthew in St. Petersburg in 1815. This was the first book to be printed in the Kalmyk language. The remaining gospels and Acts were published by 1821, and the whole New Testament by 1827. In 1880 Aleksei Matveevich Pozdneev (1851–1920) and Archpriest Smirnoff were employed to translate Matthew. Prof. Pozdneev made two journeys to Astrakhan
Astrakhan
Astrakhan is a major city in southern European Russia and the administrative center of Astrakhan Oblast. The city lies on the left bank of the Volga River, close to where it discharges into the Caspian Sea at an altitude of below the sea level. Population:...
to work at the translation among the people; and in 1884 2,000 copies of the four gospels were authorised, new type being cut at the British and Foreign Bible Society
British and Foreign Bible Society
The British and Foreign Bible Society, often known in England and Wales as simply as Bible Society, is a non-denominational Christian Bible society with charity status whose purpose is to make the Bible available throughout the world....
's expense: the number was increased to 4,000 with 1,000 additional of each Gospel, and Gospels published 1887. On the death of Smirnoff, M. D. Kutusov — a native speaker of Kalmyk and lecturer in St. Petersburg University — assisted Professor Pozdneev (1887). In 1887 Pozdneev visited Astrakhan, correcting his Acts and distributing Gospels; he also visited nomadic camps and read to all, including Buddhists. After three more journeys to the steppes he completed the New Testament, Acts to Revelation, but printing was delayed by his having to undertake an expedition to Chinese Turkestan in 1893; but with the aid of Docent Pussell printing was completed in 1895. The individual gospels were reprinted again in 1896 by the British and Foreign Bible Society in Shanghai. Percy Mather may also have been working on Kalmyk Bible translation. The Institute for Bible Translation is working on a translation into modern Kalmyk. The New Testament is complete, and was published in 2002 as Шин Бооцан.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... (Йохан) 3:16 |
|---|---|
| IBT, 2002 | Юнгад гихлә, Бурхн орчлнд дегд хәәртә болад, Исуст иткдг күн үкл уга, мөңк җирһл эдлтхә гиҗ ор һанцхн Көвүһән өгсн мөн. |
| Transliteration | Yungad gixlә, Burxn orčlnd degd xәәrtә bolad, Isust itkdg kün ükl uga, möŋk ǧirhl edltxә giǧ or hantsxn Kövühәn ögsn mön. |
Kannada
Some parts of the Bible were translated into Kannada in 1812. In 1823 The New Testament was published. In 1831 the complete Bible was published in Kannada.Keres
John, Matthew, and Acts were translated into the Keresan languagesKeresan languages
Keresan , also Keres , is a group of seven related languages spoken by Keres Pueblo peoples in New Mexico, U.S.A.. Each is mutually intelligible with its closest neighbors...
of New Mexico
New Mexico
New Mexico is a state located in the southwest and western regions of the United States. New Mexico is also usually considered one of the Mountain States. With a population density of 16 per square mile, New Mexico is the sixth-most sparsely inhabited U.S...
by Carol Whitener, and published in the mid 1930s.
Khoekhoegowab (Damara/Nama)
Johann Heinrich SchmelenHeinrich Schmelen
Reverend Johann Heinrich Schmelen was a German missionary and linguist who worked in South Africa and South-West Africa. Traveling through the area of today's northern South Africa and central and southern Namibia he founded the mission stations at Bethanie and Steinkopf and discovered the natural...
translated into the Khoekhoe language (formerly "Hottentot") of the Nama people of Namibia.
Kikamba language (Kamba)
Johann Ludwig KrapfJohann Ludwig Krapf
Johann Ludwig Krapf was a German missionary in East Africa, as well as an explorer, linguist, and traveler. Krapf played an important role in exploring East Africa with Johannes Rebmann. They were the first Europeans to see Mount Kenya and Kilimanjaro...
, a German, translated parts of the New Testament into Kamba language
Konkani
Ignazio Arcamone (1615–1683), an Italian Jesuit working in Salcette, GoaGoa
Goa , a former Portuguese colony, is India's smallest state by area and the fourth smallest by population. Located in South West India in the region known as the Konkan, it is bounded by the state of Maharashtra to the north, and by Karnataka to the east and south, while the Arabian Sea forms its...
was the first to translate parts of the Bible to Konkani language
Konkani language
KonkaniKonkani is a name given to a group of several cognate dialects spoken along the narrow strip of land called Konkan, on the west coast of India. This is, however, somewhat an over-generalisation. Geographically, Konkan is defined roughly as the area between the river Damanganga to the north...
. It was published under the title "Sogllea Vorunsache Vanjel" from Rachol Seminary Printing Press in 1667. Copies of this book are not available. The New Testament was translated into Konkani in Roman script in 1818. The complete New Testament was first translated into Konkani in Kannada script by William Robert Da Silva in 1977. With the publication of Baibol in 1997, he became the first person to translate the complete Bible into Konkani. He translated it single handedly over 30 years. The second complete translation was done by William B. Barboza in 2000 entitled Pavitr Pustak. Both these were printed in Kannada script. The third complete translation was edited by Manuel Gomes in 2006 entitled Povitr Pustok. It was printed in Roman script. Others who translated parts of the Bible into Konkani are William Carey at Serampore, West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...
; Joaquim A. Fernandes, Mumbai; Rymond Mascarenhas, Mangalore; Sylvester Menezes, Mangalore; C.C.A. Pai, S.J., Mangalore; Vasco do Rego, S.J., Goa; Moreno de Souza, S.J., Goa; and Felicio Cardozo, Goa
Koryak
The first portion of the Bible in Koryak languageKoryak language
Koryak is a Chukotko-Kamchatkan language spoken by circa 3,000 people in the easternmost extremity of Siberia, mainly in Koryak Okrug. It is mostly a language spoken by Koryaks. Its close relative, the Chukchi language, is spoken by about twice that number. The language together with Chukchi,...
(Chukotko-Kamchatkan
Chukotko-Kamchatkan languages
The Chukotko-Kamchatkan or Chukchi–Kamchatkan languages are a language family of extreme northeastern Siberia. Its speakers are indigenous hunter-gatherers and reindeer-herders....
family), selections from Luke, was published by Institute for Bible Translation
Institute for Bible Translation
The Institute for Bible Translation was founded in Stockholm, Sweden in 1973 by Borislav Arapovic, its main task being to publish Bibles for "non-Slavic peoples in Slavic countries." These 85 million people in non-Slavic ethnic groups living in the former Soviet Union - now CIS, including Russia -...
in 1995. This was followed by the whole gospel in 2005, and the first 17 verses of John in 2008.
Koyukon
David Henry, of Wycliffe Bible TranslatorsWycliffe Bible Translators
Wycliffe Bible Translators is an interdenominational organization mandated to making a translation of the Bible in every living language in the world, especially for cultures with little existing Christian influence. Wycliffe was founded in 1942 by William Cameron Townsend and is associated with...
, translated John, Mark, and Galatians into Central Koyukon, and Mark into Upper Koyukon language
Koyukon language
Koyukon is an Athabaskan language spoken along the Koyukuk and middle Yukon River in western interior Alaska. It has about 300 speakers - generally older adults bilingual in English - from an ethnic population of 2,300....
.
Kyrgyz
The old Bible in the Kyrgyz languageKyrgyz language
Kyrgyz or Kirgiz, also Kirghiz, Kyrghiz, Qyrghiz is a Turkic language and, together with Russian, an official language of Kyrgyzstan...
is in an archaic dialect, less easy to understand than neighbouring language Kazakh
Kazakh language
Kazakh is a Turkic language which belongs to the Kipchak branch of the Turkic languages, closely related to Nogai and Karakalpak....
.
Lacandon
Philip and Mary Baer of Wycliffe Bible Translators are working on Lacandon languageLacandon language
Lacandon is a Mayan language spoken by approximately 1000 Lacandon people in the state of Chiapas in Mexico. Native Lacandon speakers refer to their language as Jach t’aan or Hach t'an. A portion of the Lacandon people also speak Tzeltal, Chol, and Spanish....
(Mayan
Mayan languages
The Mayan languages form a language family spoken in Mesoamerica and northern Central America. Mayan languages are spoken by at least 6 million indigenous Maya, primarily in Guatemala, Mexico, Belize and Honduras...
family) Bible translation for the 1,000 speakers of Lacandon in Mexico. The New Testament was complete in 1978 and published by the World Bible League as A QUET U T'ɅNO' A RIC'BENO. There has since been progress on the Old Testament.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| A Quet U T'ʌno' A Ric'beno (1978) | ’Mʌ' ja wirej, a C'ujo' jach manan cu yajquintic tu cotor mac ich yoc'ocab. Rajen tu tuchi'taj u parar turiri'. Rajen tu cotor mac a cu yacsic tu yor ti' cu bin tacbir soc mʌ' u bin erar ich c'ac'. Chen cu bin ts'abʌr u cuxtar munt q'uin. |
Lahu
Lahu languageLahu language
Lahu is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken by the Lahu people of China, Thailand, Myanmar, and Laos. It is widely used in China, both by Lahu people, and by other ethnic minorities in Yunnan, who use it as a lingua franca. However, the language is not widely used nor taught in any schools in...
is a member of the Tibeto-Burman family.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| Awˬ lawn k'o, G'uiˬ sha miˬ guiˬ yaˇ hat˰ ha˰ jaˇ ve pa taw, yawˇ ve Yaˇ hpu tiˍ piˇ laˇ ve yoˬ. Hk'e te leh, Yaˇ hpu hat˰ hk'a yonˍ ve chaw hk'a peu-eˬ maˇ g'a luˬ maˇ g'a sheˆ ve awˬ hk'oˆ ka˰, co ti˰ ha ti˰ ha˰ g'a ve yoˬ |
Central Lisu
After creating the Fraser alphabetFraser alphabet
The Fraser alphabet or Old Lisu Alphabet is an artificial script invented around 1915 by Sara Ba Thaw, a Karen preacher from Myanmar, and improved by the missionary James O. Fraser, to write the Lisu language. It is a single-case alphabet....
, James O. Fraser
James O. Fraser
James Outram Fraser was a British Protestant Christian missionary to China with the China Inland Mission. He pioneered work among the Lisu people of Southwestern China in the early part of the 20th century.- First years in Yunnan:...
initially worked on Mark and John. He then handed on the translation task to Allyn Cooke and his wife, Leila, coming back to help the team with revision and checking in the mid 1930s. The complete New Testament was finished in 1938, and the complete Bible in 1968. 45,000 Lisu
Lisu language
Lisu is a tonal Tibeto-Burman language spoken in Yunnan , northern Burma , and Thailand and a small part of India. It is the language of the Lisu minority. Lisu has many dialects that originate from the country in which they live. Hua Lisu, Pai Lisu, and Lu Shi Lisu dialects are spoken in China...
Bibles were published in 1995.
Eastern Lisu
Part of the Bible was published for the first time in 1912. The New Testament was first published in 1951. The entire Bible is not yet translated.- J. O. Fraser - China Inland Mission, into LisuLisu languageLisu is a tonal Tibeto-Burman language spoken in Yunnan , northern Burma , and Thailand and a small part of India. It is the language of the Lisu minority. Lisu has many dialects that originate from the country in which they live. Hua Lisu, Pai Lisu, and Lu Shi Lisu dialects are spoken in China...
Malagasy
The Bible was translated into the Malagasy languageMalagasy language
Malagasy is the national language of Madagascar, a member of the Austronesian family of languages. Most people in Madagascar speak it as a first language as do some people of Malagasy descent elsewhere.-History:...
by David Jones (missionary)
David Jones (missionary)
David Jones was a pioneering Welsh Christian missionary to Madagascar. A gifted linguist, he was noted for establishing the orthography of the Malagasy language and for his translation of the Bible into Malagasy, a work that he undertook with fellow missionary David Griffiths.- Life and work...
and David Griffiths, with the New Testament appearing in 1830. (1830).
Malay
Malay and Indonesian translations have a lot of common history up until modern era.- Albert Cornelius Ruyl - Protestant, translated Mark and Matthew into MalayMalay languageMalay is a major language of the Austronesian family. It is the official language of Malaysia , Indonesia , Brunei and Singapore...
- The main Translators of the Bible into the Malay language, were Melchior Leidekker and Petrus Van der Vorra. Leidekker was appointed to the ministry of the Dutch churches at Batavia in 1678.
- Today's Malay Version - TMV -
Manx
The Bible was translated into the Manx languageManx language
Manx , also known as Manx Gaelic, and as the Manks language, is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family, historically spoken by the Manx people. Only a small minority of the Island's population is fluent in the language, but a larger minority has some knowledge of it...
, a dialect of Gaelic, by a committee of clergy from the Isle of Man
Isle of Man
The Isle of Man , otherwise known simply as Mann , is a self-governing British Crown Dependency, located in the Irish Sea between the islands of Great Britain and Ireland, within the British Isles. The head of state is Queen Elizabeth II, who holds the title of Lord of Mann. The Lord of Mann is...
. The New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
appeared in 1767, and the complete Bible in 1772.
| Translation | Genesis 1:1–3 | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... (Ean) 3:16 |
|---|---|---|
| British Bible Society British and Foreign Bible Society The British and Foreign Bible Society, often known in England and Wales as simply as Bible Society, is a non-denominational Christian Bible society with charity status whose purpose is to make the Bible available throughout the world.... 1819 |
Ayns y toshiaght chroo Jee niau as thalloo. As va'n thalloo gyn cummey, as feayn; as va dorraghys er eaghtyr y diunid: as ren spyrryd Yee gleashagh er eaghtyr ny ushtaghyn. As dooyrt Jee, Lhig da soilshey 've ayn; as va soilshey ayn. | Son lheid y ghraih shen hug Jee d'an theihll, dy dug eh e ynyrcan Vac v'er ny gheddyn, nagh jinnagh quoi-erbee chredjagh aynsyn cherraghtyn, agh yn vea ta dy bragh farraghtyn y chosney. |
Micmac
Micmac language is part of the AlgonquianAlgonquian languages
The Algonquian languages also Algonkian) are a subfamily of Native American languages which includes most of the languages in the Algic language family. The name of the Algonquian language family is distinguished from the orthographically similar Algonquin dialect of the Ojibwe language, which is a...
family. In 1844, the Gospel of Mark was translated into Micmac by Native Evangelist Paul Osunkhirine. St Matthew's Gospel was translated in 1853 by Silas Rand. He then continued to translate the entire New Testament, which was published in 1871 as Pelā Kesagǔnoodǔmǔkawa. He also translated and had published Genesis, Exodus, and the Psalms. Rand translated into Micmac from Hebrew and Greek. A new version of the New Testament was published in Micmac in 1999. The work was coordinated by Wycliffe Bible Translators, Watson and Marilyn Williams, both of whom dedicated nearly 30 years to the completion of the work. The team included three translation assistants, Manny Metallic, Nellie Wysote, and Marion Wilmot, community members, and others. Chiefs Ronald Jacques and the late Alphonse Metallic, and the Canadian Bible Society were also recognized for their work on the Bible.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| Rand 1875 | Mǔdǔ Nĭkskam tĕlĭksătkǔp oosĭtkǔmoo' wĕjeĭgǔnǔooĕogǔb'ǔnǔl nāŏŏktoobĭstăjŭl Ookwĭsŭl, koolaman' 'msĭt wĕn tan kĕdlămsŭtkŭl ootenĭnk, moo ŭksŭgawĭs, kadoo ooskos' ăpchememăooŏkŭn. |
External links
- Mark's Gospel (Rand 1874, from Internet ArchiveInternet ArchiveThe Internet Archive is a non-profit digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It offers permanent storage and access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, music, moving images, and nearly 3 million public domain books. The Internet Archive...
)
Mixtec
- Kenneth L. PikeKenneth L. PikeKenneth Lee Pike , also known during his life as Ken Pike, was an American linguist and anthropologist. He was the originator of the theory of tagmemics and coiner of the terms "emic" and "etic".-Life:...
- Evangelical, translated into Mixtec language (Oto-Manguean family)
Mohawk
In MohawkMohawk language
Mohawk is an Iroquoian language spoken by around 2,000 people of the Mohawk nation in the United States and Canada . Mohawk has the largest number of speakers of the Northern Iroquoian languages; today it is the only one with greater than a thousand remaining...
(an Iroquoian language), extracts from the Bible were printed as early as 1715. The Gospel of St Mark, by Brant, in 1787; and St John, by Norton, in 1805. Between 1827 and 1836 the rest of the New Testament (except 2 Corinthians) was translated by H. A. Hill, W. Hess, and J. A. Wilkes, and the whole was printed in successive parts. The first part of the Old Testament in Mohawk is Isaiah, translated by William Hess, and printed in 1839. A new version of the Gospels, translated by Chief Joseph Onasakenrat, and reviewed by Jean Dion and P. Laforte, was printed in 1880. Onasakenrat was working on completing translating the Bible, but only got till Hebrews, dying before it was completed, his manuscript was never published. Jonah, Daniel, Ruth, Esther, and 2 Corinthians have been recently translated by a team of Mohawk Bible Translators led by Mavis Etienne. They are working on completing the Mohawk Bible translation. Wycliffe Bible Translators
Wycliffe Bible Translators
Wycliffe Bible Translators is an interdenominational organization mandated to making a translation of the Bible in every living language in the world, especially for cultures with little existing Christian influence. Wycliffe was founded in 1942 by William Cameron Townsend and is associated with...
is involved.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| Norton (1818) | Iken ne Yehovah egh ne s'hakonoronghkwa n'ongwe, nene rodewendeghton nene raonháon rodewedon rohháwak, nene onghka kiok teyakaweghdaghkon raonhage yaghten a-onghtonde, ok denghnon aontehodiyendane ne eterna adonhéta. |
| Onasakenrat (1880) | Aseken ne Niio tsini sakohnoronk8ahon nonk8e, iah tatesakohnonhianiheki n'enskat ok ro8iraien, asakaon tosa aiahiheie tsini iakon tiaka8etakon raonhake, ok eken tanon neh aiakoientake ne raonhake aietsenri atsennonniat. |
External links
- Mohawk Audio Bible
- Mark (Brant translation—from Google books)
- Luke (Hill translation—from Google books)
- John (Norton translation—from Google books)
- Acts (Hill/Hess translation—from Google books)
- Isaiah (Hess translation—from Google books)
- Gospels (Onasakenrat translation—from Internet ArchiveInternet ArchiveThe Internet Archive is a non-profit digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It offers permanent storage and access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, music, moving images, and nearly 3 million public domain books. The Internet Archive...
)
Navajo
The Navajo languageNavajo language
Navajo or Navaho is an Athabaskan language spoken in the southwestern United States. It is geographically and linguistically one of the Southern Athabaskan languages .Navajo has more speakers than any other Native American language north of the...
is part of the Iroquoian family. Leonard P. Brink, a Christian Reformed missionary working at Rehoboth, New Mexico, translated the first portions of the Bible into Navajo. His translations of Genesis and Mark were published by the American Bible Society
American Bible Society
The American Bible Society is an interconfessional, non-denominational, nonprofit organization, founded in 1816 in New York City, which publishes, distributes and translates the Bible and provides study aids and other tools to help people engage with the Bible.It is probably best known for its...
in 1910. Presbyterian missionaries John Butler, Alexander Black and F.G. Mitchell translated short portions, and in 1917 after collaborative work the American Bible Society
American Bible Society
The American Bible Society is an interconfessional, non-denominational, nonprofit organization, founded in 1816 in New York City, which publishes, distributes and translates the Bible and provides study aids and other tools to help people engage with the Bible.It is probably best known for its...
published in one volume portions from Genesis, Exodus, Psalms, Jonah, Isaiah, Mark, Luke, John, Romans, First Corinthians, and Revelation, as God Bîzad. In 1937 Acts was added, and it was republished as "God Bizaad" (God's Word)
Work only began in earnest, however, when Faye Edgerton
Faye Edgerton
Faye Elva Edgerton was a Bible translator with Wycliffe Bible Translators...
joined Wycliffe Bible Translators
Wycliffe Bible Translators
Wycliffe Bible Translators is an interdenominational organization mandated to making a translation of the Bible in every living language in the world, especially for cultures with little existing Christian influence. Wycliffe was founded in 1942 by William Cameron Townsend and is associated with...
in 1944. She and Geronimo Martin revised the older translations, and completed most of the New Testament. The Corinthian epistles were translated by William Goudberg and Jacob Kamps of the Christian Reformed Church. The New Testament was published in 1956, and became an instant bestseller among the tribe. The complete Bible, under the name Diyin God Bizaad, was printed for the first time in 1985. A revision was published by the American Bible Society
American Bible Society
The American Bible Society is an interconfessional, non-denominational, nonprofit organization, founded in 1816 in New York City, which publishes, distributes and translates the Bible and provides study aids and other tools to help people engage with the Bible.It is probably best known for its...
in 2000.
It uses the borrowed English word "God" for God, rather than the Navajo Bégochiddy, which was deemed unacceptable.
Navajo was the sixth Native American language to have the complete Bible translated into it.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| Diyin God Bizaad | p style="font-family: Lucida Sans Unicode">Háálá Diyin God éí nihokáá’ dine’é t’áá’íiyisí ayóó’ájó’níigo bąą haYe’ t’ááłá’í há yizhchínígíí baazhníłtį́, áko t’áá háiida boodlą́ągo baa dzólíhígíí éí doo ádoodįįł da, ndi iiná doo nińt’i’ii bee hólǫ́ǫ dooleeł. |
| L. Brink, God Bîzad (1917) | p style="font-family: Lucida Sans Unicode">Hálah, God ėi nîhokā dîneh t'ai'yîsi ayoayo'ṅi'go baṅh Bîye't'ała'i bayîżcîn'îgi yėnîłtiṅh, t'a-ḣai'-dah bodlan'îgi ėi do a'dodiṅł dah ṅîdîh hoŀāgo inah hwė hodolėł. |
External links
- 1917 Edition from Internet archive
Naxi
Mark was translated into Naxi languageNaxi language
Naxi is a Tibeto-Burman language or group of languages spoken by some 310,000 people concentrated in the Lijiang City Yulong Naxi Autonomous County of the province of Yunnan, China. Nakhi is also the name of the ethnic group that speaks it.- Classification :There are at least two Naxi languages...
of Yunnan
Yunnan
Yunnan is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the far southwest of the country spanning approximately and with a population of 45.7 million . The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders Burma, Laos, and Vietnam.Yunnan is situated in a mountainous area, with...
, China, by Elise Schapten, using the Pollard script
Pollard script
The Pollard script, also known as Pollard Miao, is an abugida loosely based on the Latin alphabet and invented by Methodist missionary Sam Pollard. Pollard invented the script for use with A-Hmao, one of several dialects of the Hmong language. The script underwent a series of revisions until 1936,...
. It was published by the British and Foreign Bible Society in 1932.
Norwegian
- Bible translations into NorwegianBible translations into NorwegianThere have been translations of the Bible into different variants of Norwegian. Editions of the Bible have been made in Norway into old Norwegian, Danish, Nynorsk, Bokmål.- Old Norwegian "Stjórn" :...
As Danish
Danish language
Danish is a North Germanic language spoken by around six million people, principally in the country of Denmark. It is also spoken by 50,000 Germans of Danish ethnicity in the northern parts of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, where it holds the status of minority language...
was the written language of Denmark–Norway
Denmark–Norway
Denmark–Norway is the historiographical name for a former political entity consisting of the kingdoms of Denmark and Norway, including the originally Norwegian dependencies of Iceland, Greenland and the Faroe Islands...
, there was no Norwegian language Bible until the independence of Norway in 1814
Norway in 1814
1814 was a pivotal year in the history of Norway. It started with Norway in a union with the Kingdom of Denmark subject to a naval blockade being ceded to the king of Sweden. In May a constitutional convention declared Norway an independent kingdom. By the end of the year the Norwegian parliament...
, and for some time thereafter (see Norwegian language struggle
Norwegian language struggle
The Norwegian language struggle is an ongoing controversy within Norwegian culture and politics related to spoken and written Norwegian. From the 16th to the 19th centuries, Danish was the standard written language of Norway due to Danish rule...
). The independence of Norway saw the formation of the Norwegian Bible Society
Norwegian Bible Society
The Norwegian Bible Society is the official Bible society of Norway, founded May 26, 1816. See also Bible translations into Norwegian-External links:**...
, which first produced Bibles in Danish, which became Bokmål
Bokmål
Bokmål is one of two official Norwegian written standard languages, the other being Nynorsk. Bokmål is used by 85–90% of the population in Norway, and is the standard most commonly taught to foreign students of the Norwegian language....
as a separate Norwegian written language was formalized.
A translation of the New Testament into Nynorsk
Nynorsk
Nynorsk or New Norwegian is one of two official written standards for the Norwegian language, the other being Bokmål. The standard language was created by Ivar Aasen during the mid-19th century, to provide a Norwegian alternative to the Danish language which was commonly written in Norway at the...
was published in 1899, and of the entire Bible in 1921. Also, Jacob Jervell
Jacob Jervell
Jacob Stephan Jervell is a Norwegian theologian, professor emeritus, author and priest. He was a prorector at the University of Oslo from 1977 to 1980....
- Lutheran, into Norwegian
A new translation "Norwegian Standard 2011" was released on 19 October 2011 for both Bokmål and Nynorsk.
Nyanja
The Chinyanja or Chichewa Bible was published by William Percival JohnsonWilliam Percival Johnson
William Percival Johnson was an Anglican missionary to Nyasaland. He translated the Bible into Chinyanja, which was published in 1912. He died at Liuli on what is today the Tanzanian side of Lake Malawi in 1928.-References:...
in 1912.
Ojibwa (Algonquian family, Canada)
The first portion of the Bible in OjibwaOjibwe language
Ojibwe , also called Anishinaabemowin, is an indigenous language of the Algonquian language family. Ojibwe is characterized by a series of dialects that have local names and frequently local writing systems...
, part of the Algonquian
Algonquian languages
The Algonquian languages also Algonkian) are a subfamily of Native American languages which includes most of the languages in the Algic language family. The name of the Algonquian language family is distinguished from the orthographically similar Algonquin dialect of the Ojibwe language, which is a...
language family in Canada, was the Gospels of St Matthew and St John, translated by Peter and John Jones
John Jones (Ojibwa chief)
John Jones was a Mississauga Ojibwa teacher, missionary and Chief.Fathered by Augustus Jones, Jones was born to Tuhbenahneequay on July 10, 1798 in the Humber River valley. Augustus Jones and Tuhbenahneequay had been married in the 1790s in an Ojibwa ceremony. Jones was named Thayendanegea,...
and printed in 1829-31. There are three complete translations of the New Testament in this language: One by Edwin James in 1833, another by Henry Blatchford in 1844 (reprinted in 1856 and 1875), and a third by Frederick O'Meara in 1854 (reprinted in 1874). O'Meara also translated the Psalms (1856) and the Pentateuch (1861), and Robert McDonald translated the Twelve Minor Prophets (1874). Jim Keesic translated about fifty percent of the old testament, and revised the New Testament. This was published by the Canadian Bible Society in August 2008. Bob Bryce and Henry Hostetler also worked on this project.
| John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
||
|---|---|---|
| Original text | Modern Orthography | |
| Jones 1831 | Apeech zhahwaindung sah Keshamunedoo ewh ahkeh, ooge-oonje megewanun enewh atah tatabenahwa Kahoogwesejin, wagwain dush katapwayainemahgwain chebahnahdezesig, cheahyong dush goo esh kahkenig pemahtezewin. | Aapij zhawendang sa Gizhe-manidoo Gitche Manitou Gitche Manitou means "Great Spirit" in several Algonquian languages. The term was also utilized to signify God by Christian missionaries, when translating scriptures and prayers, etc... iw aki, ogii-onji-miigiwenaan iniw eta dedebinawe Gaa-ogwisijin, wegwen dash ge-debweyenimaagwen ji-banaadizisiig, ji-ayaang dash go ish gaaginig bimaadiziwin. |
| James 1833 | Kitche Manito azhe sȃgitōt áke, me wanje megewat onezheka oguisun, owwagwan ga tabwatumōgwan kȃ tuh wunnisshinze, tuh gȃgegȃ bemátizze. | Gichi-manidoo Gitche Manitou Gitche Manitou means "Great Spirit" in several Algonquian languages. The term was also utilized to signify God by Christian missionaries, when translating scriptures and prayers, etc... ezhi-zaagitood aki, mii wenji-miigiwed nizhike-ogwisan, owegwen ge-debwetamoogwen gaa da-wanishinzii, da-gaagige-bimaadizi. |
| O'Meara 1854 | Kahahpeech-shahwandung owh Kesha-Muhnedoo ewh uhkee oogeöonjemegewanun tebenuhwa oogwissun nuhyatahwezenejin, ahwagwan dush duhyabwayanemahgwan chebahnahdezesig, cheähyaung suh dush ewh Kahgega-bemahdezewin. | Gaa-aapij zhawendang ow Gizhe-manidoo iw aki ogii-onji-miigiwenaan dibinawe ogwisan nayetaawizinijin, awegwen dash dayebweyenimaagwen ji-banaadizisiig, ji-ayaang sa dash iw gaagige-bimaadiziwin. |
| Blatchford 1875 | Gaapij shauendU sU Kishemanito iu aki, ogionjimigiuenUn iniu baiezhigonijin OguisUn, aueguen dUsh getebueienimaguen jibUnatizisig, jiaiat dUsh iu kagige bimatiziuin. | Gaa-aapij zhawendang sa Gizhe-manidoo iw aki, ogii-onji-miigiwenaan iniw bayezhigonijin Ogwisan, awegwen dash ge-debweyenimaagwen ji-banaadizisiig, ji-ayaad dash iw gaagige-bimaadiziwin. |
External links
- New Testament (O'Meara 1854)
- New Testament (James 1833)
- New Testament (Blatchford 1875)
O'odham (Mexico)
The New Testament in the O'odham languageO'odham language
O'odham is an Uto-Aztecan language of southern Arizona and northern Sonora where the Tohono O'odham and Pima reside. As of the year 2000, there were estimated to be approximately 9750 speakers in the United States and Mexico combined, although there may be more due to underreporting...
(Uto-Aztecan family) of the O'odham
O'odham
The O'odham peoples, including the Tohono O'odham or Papago, the Pima or Akimel O'odham, and the Hia C-ed O'odham, are an indigenous Uto-Aztecan peoples of the Sonoran desert in southern and central Arizona and northern Sonora, united by a common heritage language, the O'odham language...
of the Sonoran Desert
Sonoran Desert
The Sonoran Desert is a North American desert which straddles part of the United States-Mexico border and covers large parts of the U.S. states of Arizona and California and the northwest Mexican states of Sonora, Baja California, and Baja California Sur. It is one of the largest and hottest...
of southeastern Arizona and northwest Mexico was translated by Dean and Lucille Saxton of Wycliffe Bible Translators
Wycliffe Bible Translators
Wycliffe Bible Translators is an interdenominational organization mandated to making a translation of the Bible in every living language in the world, especially for cultures with little existing Christian influence. Wycliffe was founded in 1942 by William Cameron Townsend and is associated with...
. Work is being done on the Old Testament.
Oriya
The first version in the Oriya languageOriya language
Oriya , officially Odia from November, 2011, is an Indian language, belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European language family. It is mainly spoken in the Indian states of Orissa and West Bengal...
of India was translated by William Carey in 1808 and was distributed among pilgrims at Puri
Puri
Puri is district headquarter, a city situated about south of state capital Bhubaneswar, on the eastern coast of the Bay of Bengal in the Indian state of Orissa. It is also known as Jagannath Puri after the Jagannath Temple . It is a holy city of the Hindus as a part of the Char Dham pilgrimages...
to introduce them to Christianity. Then came the standard version by Amos Sutton
Amos Sutton
Amos Sutton was a General Baptist missionary to Orissa, India.He translated the Bible into the Oriya language, and published the first Oriya dictionary and Introduction to Oriya Grammar ....
in the 1840s.
Oromo
OromoOromo language
Oromo, also known as Afaan Oromo, Oromiffa, Afan Boran, Afan Orma, and sometimes in other languages by variant spellings of these names , is an Afro-Asiatic language, and the most widely spoken of the Cushitic family. Forms of Oromo are spoken as a first language by more than 25 million Oromo and...
is a language of Ethiopia and Kenya. The New Testament was published in 1893, the complete Bible in 1899, the work of Aster Ganno
Aster Ganno
Aster Ganno was an Ethiopian Bible translator who worked with the better known Onesimos Nesib as a translator of the Oromo Bible, published in 1899.She was born free, but was later enslaved by the king of Limmu-Ennarea...
and Onesimos Nesib
Onesimos Nesib
Onesimos Nesib , was a native Oromo who converted to Lutheran Christianity and translated the Christian Bible into the Oromo language...
. A new translation of the entire Bible was published by the Ethiopian Bible Society in 1992.
- Aster GannoAster GannoAster Ganno was an Ethiopian Bible translator who worked with the better known Onesimos Nesib as a translator of the Oromo Bible, published in 1899.She was born free, but was later enslaved by the king of Limmu-Ennarea...
- Protestant, into OromoOromo languageOromo, also known as Afaan Oromo, Oromiffa, Afan Boran, Afan Orma, and sometimes in other languages by variant spellings of these names , is an Afro-Asiatic language, and the most widely spoken of the Cushitic family. Forms of Oromo are spoken as a first language by more than 25 million Oromo and... - Johann Ludwig KrapfJohann Ludwig KrapfJohann Ludwig Krapf was a German missionary in East Africa, as well as an explorer, linguist, and traveler. Krapf played an important role in exploring East Africa with Johannes Rebmann. They were the first Europeans to see Mount Kenya and Kilimanjaro...
- German, parts into Oromo, Amharic, Nyika (Rabai) and Kamba - Onesimos NesibOnesimos NesibOnesimos Nesib , was a native Oromo who converted to Lutheran Christianity and translated the Christian Bible into the Oromo language...
- Lutheran, translated into OromoOromo languageOromo, also known as Afaan Oromo, Oromiffa, Afan Boran, Afan Orma, and sometimes in other languages by variant spellings of these names , is an Afro-Asiatic language, and the most widely spoken of the Cushitic family. Forms of Oromo are spoken as a first language by more than 25 million Oromo and...
Oshindonga
- Martti RautanenMartti RautanenMartti Rautanen was the pioneer of Finnish Mission in Ovamboland, Namibia.-Childhood and education:...
- Finnish Missionary Society, into Oshindonga dialect of the Ovambo language of NamibiaNamibiaNamibia, officially the Republic of Namibia , is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and east. It gained independence from South Africa on 21 March...
Paniya
Paniya language is a Southern Dravidian language mainly found in scheduled castes in Kerala. Mathews Vergis and team published "DAIVAM MANCHANAYOTHE KATHA" (The story of GOD who became man) Published by Word to World Foundation, Inter Denominational Christian Fellowship, New Testament.Pashto
The New Testament was first published in the Pashto languagePashto language
Pashto , known as Afghani in Persian and Pathani in Punjabi , is the native language of the indigenous Pashtun people or Afghan people who are found primarily between an area south of the Amu Darya in Afghanistan and...
in 1818, with the first complete Bible in 1895. In 1991 the Pakistan Bible Society produced a modern New Testament, most recently revised in 1996.
Pilipino, Filipino, Tagalog
- Jose C. AbriolJose C. AbriolJose C. Abriol was a Filipino Catholic priest, monsignor, and Bible translator from the Philippines. He became an official member of the priesthood on May 14, 1942. He translated the Holy Bible from the original Hebrew and Greek...
, Filipino Catholic priest, translated from Hebrew and Greek into Tagalog or Filipino
Blackfoot, Piegan
Piegan language or Blackfoot languageBlackfoot language
Blackfoot, also known as Siksika , Pikanii, and Blackfeet, is the Algonquian language spoken by the Blackfoot tribes of Native Americans, who currently live in the northwestern plains of North America...
is part of the Algonquian
Algonquian languages
The Algonquian languages also Algonkian) are a subfamily of Native American languages which includes most of the languages in the Algic language family. The name of the Algonquian language family is distinguished from the orthographically similar Algonquin dialect of the Ojibwe language, which is a...
family. Matthew's gospel was translated into by John William Tims and published in 1890 by the British and Foreign Bible Society. He also published "Readings From the Holy Scriptures" containing the first three chapters of Genesis and selections from the gospels. Donald and Patricia Frantz of Wycliffe Bible Translators published their translations of Mark and John in the 1970s.
Miao
Sam PollardSam Pollard
- Sources used : — Dingle describes how Sam Pollard used positioning of vowel marks relative to consonants to indicate tones — Morrison recounts meeting Sam Pollard and his wife at the Bible Christian Mission in 1894 — reports on an article in The Sunday Times describing the...
translated into the language of China's Miao
Miao people
The Miao or ม้ง ; ) is an ethnic group recognized by the government of the People's Republic of China as one of the 55 official minority groups. Miao is a Chinese term and does not reflect the self-designations of the component nations of people, which include Hmong, Hmu, A Hmao, and Kho Xiong...
, also known as "Flowery Miao".
Pipil (Nawat)
The Bible is presently being translated into the Pipil or NawatPipil language
Pipil is a Uto-Aztecan language descended from Nahuatl which was spoken in several parts of present day Central America before the Spanish conquest. It is on the verge of extinction in western El Salvador and has already gone extinct elsewhere in Central America...
language, spoken by a minority in El Salvador
El Salvador
El Salvador or simply Salvador is the smallest and the most densely populated country in Central America. The country's capital city and largest city is San Salvador; Santa Ana and San Miguel are also important cultural and commercial centers in the country and in all of Central America...
. A website provides information about the project. Publication of at least one gospel is planned in 2009.
Polish
The first complete translation of the Bible to Polish was 1563 CalvinistCalvinism
Calvinism is a Protestant theological system and an approach to the Christian life...
Brest Bible
Brest Bible
The Brest Bible was the first comprehensive Polish language Protestant Bible translation, published in 1563 in Brest and dedicated to King Sigismund II Augustus....
, followed by 1572 Socinian
Polish Brethren
The Polish Brethren were members of the Minor Reformed Church of Poland, a Nontrinitarian Protestant church that existed in Poland from 1565 to 1658...
Nieśwież Bible and 1632 Danzig Bible, which was the most popular Protestant
Protestantism
Protestantism is one of the three major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation, justification, and ecclesiology.The doctrines of the...
translation until 1975 when Warsaw Bible was published. The first Catholic
Catholicism
Catholicism is a broad term for the body of the Catholic faith, its theologies and doctrines, its liturgical, ethical, spiritual, and behavioral characteristics, as well as a religious people as a whole....
translation was 1599 Wujek Bible
Jakub Wujek Bible
The Jakub Wujek Bible was the main Polish Bible translation used in the liturgy of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland from the late 16th century till the mid-20th century....
(named after its translator, Jesuit Jakub Wujek
Jakub Wujek
Jakub Wujek son of Maciej Wujek; a Polish Jesuit, religious writer, Doctor of Theology, Vice-Chancellor of the Vilnius Academy and translator of the Bible into Polish.-Life:...
), which remained the best known translation until Millennium Bible
Millennium Bible
Millennium Bible is the main Polish Bible translation used in the liturgy of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland. Its first edition was published in 1965 on the 1000-year anniversary of the baptism of Poland...
was first published in 1965 and has now a similar status as KJV in English-speaking countries.
Portuguese
The first published portion of the Translation of the Bible to PortugueseTranslation of the Bible to Portuguese
The Book of Ecclesiastes was translated into Portuguese by Damião de Góis in 1538. The Book of Nehemiah was translated by Dom Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil. For the most part, however, the Bible remained relatively untranslated to Portuguese...
was by Damião de Góis
Damião de Góis
Damiao de Góis , born in Alenquer, Portugal, was an important Portuguese humanist philosopher. He was a friend and student of Erasmus. He was appointed secretary to the Portuguese factory in Antwerp in 1523 by King John III of Portugal...
, who published Ecclesiastes in 1538, though it was not widely circulated. The principal translator of the Bible into Portuguese was João Ferreira de Almeida
João Ferreira de Almeida
João Ferreira Annes de Almeida was a Portuguese Protestant pastor; the eponymous Bible translation he began also goes by his name....
, who began the translation in 1644, at the age of 16, and continued until his death in 1691. He translated all of the New Testament and a majority of the Old Testament. Those portions he did not translate before his death were completed by Jacob op den Akker.
Quechua, Runa simi
The first Quechua language translation of the bible, jointly sponsored by the Catholic Church and Protestant groups, appeared in 1988.Quenya (fictional)
QuenyaQuenya
Quenya is a fictional language devised by J. R. R. Tolkien, and used in his Secondary world, often called Middle-earth.Quenya is one of the many Elvish languages spoken by the immortal Elves, called Quendi in Quenya. The tongue actually called Quenya was in origin the speech of two clans of Elves...
is a fictional language devised by J. R. R. Tolkien
J. R. R. Tolkien
John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, CBE was an English writer, poet, philologist, and university professor, best known as the author of the classic high fantasy works The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings, and The Silmarillion.Tolkien was Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon at Pembroke College,...
. Various parts of the Bible have been translated into Quenya language. Helge Fauskanger translated the first two chapters of Genesis, Matthew 1-5, the Johannine corpus, and Luke 2. Other portions are being translated by people on the website Aglardh.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... (Yohannëo) 3:16 |
|---|---|
| Fauskanger | An Eru emélië i mar tenna antië ernóna Yondorya, i ilquen ye savë sessë lá nauva nancarna, mal samuva oira coivië. |
Romani
Romani languageRomani language
Romani or Romany, Gypsy or Gipsy is any of several languages of the Romani people. They are Indic, sometimes classified in the "Central" or "Northwestern" zone, and sometimes treated as a branch of their own....
is the language spoken by the Roma people, commonly called Gypsies. The New Testament has been translated into Romani. A version of it is available online.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... (Iovano) 3:16 |
|---|---|
| E Lashi Viasta/Ruth Modrow (1984) | O Del drago sas e lumia, ai wo tradia peske ieke shaves, kashke kon godi kai pachalpe ande leste te na xaiil, numa te avel les o traio kai chi mai getolpe. |
Sakha
An edition of the Gospels into the Sakha languageSakha language
Sakha, or Yakut, is a Turkic language with around 360,000 native speakers spoken in the Sakha Republic in the Russian Federation by the Sakha or Yakuts.Sakha is an agglutinative language, and it employs vowel harmony.-Classification:...
(Yakut language) was prepared by the Kazan Missionary Society at the expense of the British and Foreign Bible Society, two were finished in 1897. The four gospels were completed in June 1898, and an edition of 3,000 was printed at Kazan.
Currently a new full translation of the Bible sponsored by the International Bible Society is being done by the well-known writer Nikolai Luginov, with assistance from a professional translator, Aita Shaposnikova. The New Testament was published in 2004 and reprinted in 2008. The psalms were published in January 2010.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| International Bible Society, 2008 | Таҥара бу аан дойдуну ол курдук таптаан, Бэйетин Төрөппүт Сођотох Уолун, Кинини итеђэйэр ханнык бађарар киһи өлбөтүн, бараммат олохтонорун туһугар, биэрбитэ». |
| Transliteration | Taŋara bu aan doydunu ol kurduk taptaan, Beyetin Töröppüt Soğotox Uolun, Kinini iteğeyer xannık bağarar kihi ölbötün, barammat oloxtonorun tuhugar bierbite. |
| Kazan, 1898 | Тан̨ара а̄н дойдуну солкурдук тапта̄быта, арай Бӓйӓтін соб соготох тӧро̄бӱт Уолун, бары Кініӓхӓ ітӓгӓйӓччі ол́бӧтӱн, хата ӧрӱтӱн ты̄нна̄х буоллун діӓн, а̄н дойдуга біӓрбітӓ. |
Pdf New Testament from IBT
Sanskrit
- William Carey - Baptist, translated into Bengali languageBengali languageBengali or Bangla is an eastern Indo-Aryan language. It is native to the region of eastern South Asia known as Bengal, which comprises present day Bangladesh, the Indian state of West Bengal, and parts of the Indian states of Tripura and Assam. It is written with the Bengali script...
and SanskritSanskritSanskrit , is a historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.Buddhism: besides Pali, see Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Today, it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand...
Seneca (Iroquoi)
Seneca languageSeneca language
Seneca is the language of the Seneca people, one of the Six Nations of the Iroquois League. About 10,000 Seneca live in the United States and Canada, primarily on reservations in western New York, with others living in Oklahoma and near Brantford, Ontario.-Phonology:Seneca words are written with...
is part of the Iroquoian family. St Luke, by Thompson S. Harris, was printed in 1829, and the Four Gospels, by Asher Wright, in 1874.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| American Bible Society (1878) | Neħ să̱ħ'ă̱h ne' sòħjih' hanò'o̱hgwaħ Na'wĕnniyòħ' he'yo̱ă̱njadeħ, Neħ No'awak neħ' sho̱' kuh sgat howi'yă̱yă̱ħ totgaħwa̱h' hao̱gweħdawiih heh yo̱ă̱n'jadeħ'; neħ neh, So̱n'dihgwa'naħot ă̱o̱wa̱i'wagwenniyòs, tă̱ħă̱h' taye'iwahdo̱h', neħgwaa', nă̱yoiwadadyeħ' ă̱ya'goyă̱ndaħt' ne' yo̱hheħ'o̱weh. |
- Harris' Luke
- Four Gospels (from Google Books)
Shan
- Nathan BrownNathan Brown (missionary)Nathan Brown was an American Baptist missionary to India and Japan, Bible translator, and abolitionist.-Early life and missions to Burma and Assam:...
, a Baptist, translated into AssameseAssamese languageAssamese is the easternmost Indo-Aryan language. It is used mainly in the state of Assam in North-East India. It is also the official language of Assam. It is also spoken in parts of Arunachal Pradesh and other northeast Indian states. Nagamese, an Assamese-based Creole language is widely used in...
and ShanShan languageThe Shan language is the native language of Shan people and spoken mostly in Shan State, Burma. It is also used in pockets of Kachin State in Burma, in northern Thailand, and in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. Shan is a member of the Tai–Kadai language family, and...
Shor
Shor is a Turkic language spoken by about 10,000 people in the Kemerovo Province in south-central Siberia. The Institute for Bible TranslationInstitute for Bible Translation
The Institute for Bible Translation was founded in Stockholm, Sweden in 1973 by Borislav Arapovic, its main task being to publish Bibles for "non-Slavic peoples in Slavic countries." These 85 million people in non-Slavic ethnic groups living in the former Soviet Union - now CIS, including Russia -...
published the first Bible portion in Shor language
Shor language
The Shor language is a Turkic language spoken by about 10,000 people in the Kemerovo Province in south-central Siberia. In the history of the Turkic states and China, Shors played an important role, mostly connected with their offshoot Shatuo. Presently, not all ethnic Shors speak Shor, and the...
, Luke 2:1-20 in 2000. In 2004 they published Mark, and in 2008 John 1:1-17.
Sinhalese
Sri Lanka, as "Ceylon", was conquered by the Portuguese in 1505, who were then followed by the Dutch, who introduced the Reformed Church, then came the British, who under the orientalist and civil servant William TolfreyWilliam Tolfrey
William Tolfrey was a British civil servant in Ceylon and translator of the Bible into Sinhalese. The BFBS revised his translation 1895-1910.-Life:Born about 1778, he was educated in England...
(1778?-1817) translated a Sinhalese language Bible by 1823. BFBS revision of the Sinhalese Bible occurred from 1895-1910.
Sotho
Samuel Rolland (1801–1873), first missionary of the Paris Missionary Society, translated some parts of the New Testament and several hymns into Sotho language in the 1840s. Today there are Northern Sotho and Southern Sotho versions.Swahili
The first translation of parts of the Bible into SwahiliSwahili language
Swahili or Kiswahili is a Bantu language spoken by various ethnic groups that inhabit several large stretches of the Mozambique Channel coastline from northern Kenya to northern Mozambique, including the Comoro Islands. It is also spoken by ethnic minority groups in Somalia...
was accomplished by 1868, with a complete New Testament translation following in 1879 and a translation of the whole Bible in 1890. Since that time, there have been several translations into different dialects of Swahili as spoken in different regions of East Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
; these include the Union Translation published by the Bible Society of Tanzania in 1950 and the Swahili Common Language version.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... (Yohana) 3:16 |
|---|---|
| Union Translation | Kwa maana jinsi hii Mungu aliupenda ulimwengu, hata akamtoa Mwanawe pekee, ili kila mtu amwaminiye asipotee, bali awe na uzima wa milele. |
| Biblica, 1989 | "Kwa maana jinsi hii Mungu aliupenda ulimwengu hata akamtoa Mwanawe wa pekee, ili kila mtu amwaminiye asipotee, bali awe na uzima wa milele. |
Tagalog
The Tagalog languageTagalog language
Tagalog is an Austronesian language spoken as a first language by a third of the population of the Philippines and as a second language by most of the rest. It is the first language of the Philippine region IV and of Metro Manila...
, also known as Pilipino is a major dialect and national language of the Philippines. Versions include:
Ang Dating Daan
Ang Dating Daan is a religious radio and television program in the Philippines produced by the Members of the Church of God International. It is primarily hosted by Eli Soriano. In Portugal and Brazil, it airs as O Caminho Antigo which is a direct translation for The Old Path...
translation based on Ang Biblia Full text Ang Magandang Balita Biblia
Magandang Balita Biblia
The Magandang Balita Biblia is one of the two most widely circulated translation of the Christian Bible in the Tagalog language [the other entitled Ang Bagong Ang Biblia, a revision of the earlier Ang Biblia ], first published by the Philippine Bible Society in 1973...
, 1973 Full text Ang Magandang Balita Biblia, 2005 edition Ang Salita ng Diyos, 1998: New Testament only; produced by Bibles International Full text
Tajik
UBS publish a Bible in the Tajik languageTajik language
Tajik, Tajik Persian, or Tajiki, is a variety of modern Persian spoken in Central Asia. Historically Tajiks called their language zabani farsī , meaning Persian language in English; the term zabani tajikī, or Tajik language, was introduced in the 20th century by the Soviets...
, with IBT
Institute for Bible Translation
The Institute for Bible Translation was founded in Stockholm, Sweden in 1973 by Borislav Arapovic, its main task being to publish Bibles for "non-Slavic peoples in Slavic countries." These 85 million people in non-Slavic ethnic groups living in the former Soviet Union - now CIS, including Russia -...
.
Tanana, Upper (Alaska)
Upper Tanana languageUpper Tanana language
Upper Tanana is an endangered Athabaskan language spoken in eastern Interior Alaska, mainly in the villages of Northway, Tetlin, and Tok, and adjacent areas of Canada's Yukon Territory...
is part of the Athabaskan language family. Mark's gospel (T'oodiht'aiy Aandeegn' Suu'mark Utneetł'adn Haa') was published in the Upper Tanana language
Upper Tanana language
Upper Tanana is an endangered Athabaskan language spoken in eastern Interior Alaska, mainly in the villages of Northway, Tetlin, and Tok, and adjacent areas of Canada's Yukon Territory...
by the American Bible Society in 1966. It was translated by Paul Milanowski and Donald Joe (Both of Wycliffe Bible Translators). 1 Timothy, translated by Paul and Trudy Milanowski was published in 1970 by Wycliffe Bible Translators. Paul Milanowski and Alfred John then translated I and II Thessalonians, I and II Timothy, Titus, and Philemon, which was published together under the title T'oodiht'aiy Aandeegn in 1972.
Tatar
Nikolai Ivanovitch Ilminski, a Russian Orthodox priest, translated into the Tatar languageTatar language
The Tatar language , or more specifically Kazan Tatar, is a Turkic language spoken by the Tatars of historical Kazan Khanate, including modern Tatarstan and Bashkiria...
. The Institute for Bible Translation
Institute for Bible Translation
The Institute for Bible Translation was founded in Stockholm, Sweden in 1973 by Borislav Arapovic, its main task being to publish Bibles for "non-Slavic peoples in Slavic countries." These 85 million people in non-Slavic ethnic groups living in the former Soviet Union - now CIS, including Russia -...
is working on a modern translation, the new testament of which has already been published.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| IBT Modern translation | Чөнки Аллаһы дөньяны шулкадәр яратты ки, Улына иман китерүче беркем һәлак булмасын өчен, бәлки мәңгелек тормыш алсын өчен, Үзенең бердәнбер Улын бирде. |
| Transliteration | Śönki Allahı dön'yanı šulkadär yarattı ki, Ulına iman kiterüśe berkem hälak bulmasın öśen, bälki mäŋgelek tormıš alsın öśen, Üzeneŋ berdänber Ulın birde. |
Telugu
John 3:16దేవుడు లోకమును ఎంతో ప్రేమించెను. కాగా ఆయన తన అద్వితీయ కుమారునిగా పుట్టిన వానియందు నిశ్వాసముంచు ప్రతివాడును నశింపక నిత్యజీవము పొందునట్లు ఆయనను అనుగ్రహించెను
Tewa, New Mexico
Esther Martinez (Esther Martinez) of Wycliffe Bible TranslatorsWycliffe Bible Translators
Wycliffe Bible Translators is an interdenominational organization mandated to making a translation of the Bible in every living language in the world, especially for cultures with little existing Christian influence. Wycliffe was founded in 1942 by William Cameron Townsend and is associated with...
translated the entire New Testament into the Tewa language
Tewa language
Tewa is a Kiowa–Tanoan language spoken by Pueblo people, mostly in the Rio Grande valley in New Mexico north of Santa Fe. The 1980 census counted 1,298 speakers, almost all of whom are bilingual in English...
(Kiowa–Tanoan family).
Thai
John Taylor JonesJohn Taylor Jones
Rev. Dr. John Taylor Jones was one of the earliest Protestant missionaries to Siam with his wife, Eliza Grew Jones...
, an ABMU
American Baptist Missionary Union
American Baptist Missionary Union is an international Protestant Christian missionary society founded in 1814 in the United States...
missionary, translated the New Testament into Thai language
Thai language
Thai , also known as Central Thai and Siamese, is the national and official language of Thailand and the native language of the Thai people, Thailand's dominant ethnic group. Thai is a member of the Tai group of the Tai–Kadai language family. Historical linguists have been unable to definitively...
from Greek. Part of the Bible in Thai was first published in 1834. The New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
in Thai was printed for the first time in 1843. The first full collection of Bible texts in Thai came out in 1883.
- Philip Pope (missionary) - Independent Baptist, into Thai from the KJV
External links
Tibetan
The first portion of the Bible, the Gospel of JohnGospel of John
The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus...
, in Tibetan language
Tibetan language
The Tibetan languages are a cluster of mutually-unintelligible Tibeto-Burman languages spoken primarily by Tibetan peoples who live across a wide area of eastern Central Asia bordering the Indian subcontinent, including the Tibetan Plateau and the northern Indian subcontinent in Baltistan, Ladakh,...
was translated by Moravian Church missionaries William Heyde, Edward Pagel, and Heinrich Jaeschke, and later Dr. August Francke
August Hermann Francke
August Hermann Francke was a German Lutheran churchman.-Biography:Born at the German city Lübeck, Francke was educated at the gymnasium in Gotha before he studied at the universities of Erfurt and Kiel - where he came under the influence of the pietist Christian Kortholt - and finally Leipzig...
. It was printed in 1862 at Kyelang
Keylong
Keylong is the administrative centre of the Lahaul and Spiti district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh, some 120 kilometres from the Indo-Tibetan border....
capital of Lahul in Kashmir. The whole New Testament was printed in 1885 in Ladakh
Ladakh
Ladakh is a region of Jammu and Kashmir, the northernmost state of the Republic of India. It lies between the Kunlun mountain range in the north and the main Great Himalayas to the south, inhabited by people of Indo-Aryan and Tibetan descent...
. Another version was translated in 1903. So as not to have the problem of various dialectal differences it was translated into classical Tibetan, but this was not understood by most people. Yoseb Gergen (aka Sonam Gergen), a Tibetan Christian translated the entire Bible, complete in 1935. This version was translated into a dialect of Tibetan Gergen had accidentally stumbled across, and which was understandable by all Tibetans. It was finally published in 1948. This is known in India as the Tibetan OV Bible. Eliya Tsetan Phuntshog published a New Testament in 1970. There is currently a project going on to translate the Bible into the East Tibetan dialect.
Tsimshian
The Four Gospels in Tsimshian language of British Columbia and Alaska, translated by William Duncan (missionary)William Duncan (missionary)
William Duncan was an English-born Anglican missionary who founded the Tsimshian communities of Metlakatla, British Columbia, in Canada, and Metlakatla, Alaska, in the United States...
, were printed from 1885-89.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
|---|---|
| William Duncan (1889) | Awil ǥushǥout sheībunt ga Shimoigiat ga Laḵāga halizogut, gunt ginamsh ga gaulū lip da Lthgōlthk gut ga, gunt ligit lip nā ga shimhoudikshit gish nīat althga dum gwātik gut, dum yaǥai gāda da whati shābām gundidōlshit. |
External links
- Scan of John's Gospel (from Internet ArchiveInternet ArchiveThe Internet Archive is a non-profit digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It offers permanent storage and access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, music, moving images, and nearly 3 million public domain books. The Internet Archive...
)
Tulu
Parts of The New Testament were translated into Tulu languageTulu language
The Tulu language |?]]]) is a Dravidian language spoken by 1.95 million native speakers mainly in the southwest part of Indian state Karnataka known as Tulu Nadu. In India, 1.72 million people speak it as their mother tongue , increased by 10 percent over the 1991 census...
in Kannada script in 1842 and the complete The New Testament in 1847 by the Basel Mission
Basel Mission
The Basel Mission is a Christian missionary society active from 1815 to 2001, when it was merged into Mission 21, the successor organization of Kooperation Evangelischer Kirchen und Missione founded in 2001....
aries in Mangalore
Mangalore
Mangalore is the chief port city of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is located about west of the state capital, Bangalore. Mangalore lies between the Arabian Sea and the Western Ghat mountain ranges, and is the administrative headquarters of the Dakshina Kannada district in south western...
.
Turkmen
IBTInstitute for Bible Translation
The Institute for Bible Translation was founded in Stockholm, Sweden in 1973 by Borislav Arapovic, its main task being to publish Bibles for "non-Slavic peoples in Slavic countries." These 85 million people in non-Slavic ethnic groups living in the former Soviet Union - now CIS, including Russia -...
has produced both the New Testament and several Old Testament books in the Turkmen language
Turkmen language
Turkmen is the national language of Turkmenistan...
.
Tuvan
The Institute for Bible Translation is working on a Tuvan languageTuvan language
Tuvan , also known as Tuvinian, Tyvan or Tuvin, is a Turkic language spoken in the Republic of Tuva in south-central Siberia in Russia. The language has borrowed a great number of roots from the Mongolian language and more recently from the Russian language...
translation of the Bible. They published Mark in 1996, Luke and Acts in 1997, the whole New Testament in 2001, Ruth, Esther, Jonah and Lamentations in 2003, and the Pentateuch, Proverbs and Psalms in 2005. The complete Bible is due to be published in the summer of 2010.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... (Иоанның) 3:16 |
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| Institute for Bible Translation (2001) | Оглунга бүзүрээн кижи бүрүзү өлбезин, харын мөнге амыдыралдыг болзун дээш, Бурган Бодунуң эр чаңгыс Оглун берипкен. Ооң бо делегейниң улузунга ынакшылы ол хире болган-дыр. |
| Transliteration | Oglunga büzüreen kiži bürüzü ölbezin, xarın mönge amıdıraldıg bolzun deeš, Burgan Bodunuŋ er čaŋgıs Oglun beripken. Ooŋ bo delegeyniŋ uluzunga ınakšılı ol xire bolgan-dır. |
Wakhi
The translation of the Bible into Wakhi languageWakhi language
Wakhi is an Indo-European language in the branch of Eastern Iranian language family and is intimately related to other Southeastern Iranian languages in the Pamir languages group.-Classification and Distribution:...
has begun in Moscow. The first publication of a biblical text into Wakhi
Wakhi language
Wakhi is an Indo-European language in the branch of Eastern Iranian language family and is intimately related to other Southeastern Iranian languages in the Pamir languages group.-Classification and Distribution:...
, was an excerpt from the Gospel of Luke (2:1-20) in a book on the birth of Jesus in the 80 languages of the peoples of the CIS, (IBT, 2000. p. 68-69). In 2001 the Institute for Bible Translation
Institute for Bible Translation
The Institute for Bible Translation was founded in Stockholm, Sweden in 1973 by Borislav Arapovic, its main task being to publish Bibles for "non-Slavic peoples in Slavic countries." These 85 million people in non-Slavic ethnic groups living in the former Soviet Union - now CIS, including Russia -...
published 1,500 copies of Selections from Luke.
| Translation | Lord's Prayer Lord's Prayer The Lord's Prayer is a central prayer in Christianity. In the New Testament of the Christian Bible, it appears in two forms: in the Gospel of Matthew as part of the discourse on ostentation in the Sermon on the Mount, and in the Gospel of Luke, which records Jesus being approached by "one of his... , from Luke Gospel of Luke The Gospel According to Luke , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Luke or simply Luke, is the third and longest of the four canonical Gospels. This synoptic gospel is an account of the life and ministry of Jesus of Nazareth. It details his story from the events of his birth to his Ascension.The... 11:2-4 |
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| Roman alphabet | |
| Cyrillic alphabet |
Wampanoag
The Wampanoag language (or Massachuset language) was the first North American Indian language into which any Bible translation was made; John EliotJohn Eliot (missionary)
John Eliot was a Puritan missionary to the American Indians. His efforts earned him the designation “the Indian apostle.”-English education and Massachusetts ministry:...
began his Natick version in 1653 and finished it in 1661-63, with a revised edition in 1680-85. It was the first Bible to be printed in North America.
In 1709 Experience Mayhew
Experience Mayhew
Experience Mayhew was a New England missionary to the Wampanoag Indians on Martha's Vineyard. He was born on January 27, 1673, in Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, the oldest son of Rev. John Mayhew, missionary to the Indians, and great-grandson of Gov. Thomas Mayhew...
published his translation, in the Martha's Vineyard dialect, of the Psalms and John's Gospel.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
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| John Eliot (1685) | Newutche GOD wussaúmowomantam muttáok, newaj maguk wunnukquttegheonoh onk howan wunnamptauont matta who awakompanau, qut who ohtau micheme pomantamóonk. |
| Experience Mayhew (1709) | Newutćhe God wuttunukuhque wômontamunap muttaohk, ummâkunnát wunnukqutekehônoh, onk nishnoh howan wanômuhtauont, who matta auwohkuhpuno∞, qut who ohto mićhemohtae pomontam∞onk. |
Xhosa
Henry Hare DugmoreHenry Hare Dugmore
The Reverend Henry Hare Dugmore , a South African missionary, writer and translator, was born in England, son of Isaac and Maria Dugmore. The family emigrated when his father was financially ruined after being forced to pay the debts of a relative for whom he had stood surety...
, a Methodist, translated into Xhosa language
Xhosa language
Xhosa is one of the official languages of South Africa. Xhosa is spoken by approximately 7.9 million people, or about 18% of the South African population. Like most Bantu languages, Xhosa is a tonal language, that is, the same sequence of consonants and vowels can have different meanings when said...
. Tiyo Soga
Tiyo Soga
Tiyo Soga was a South African journalist, minister, translator, missionary, and composer of hymns. Soga was the first black South African to be ordained and worked to translate the Bible and John Bunyan’s classic work Pilgrim’s Progress# into his native Xhosa language.When Soga’s mother Nosuthu...
(1829–1871) was ordained the first African Presbyterian minister in 1856 and also translated.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... (uYohane) 3:16 |
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| Bible Society of South Africa (1975) | Kuba wenjenje uThixo ukulithanda kwakhe ihlabathi, ude wancama uNyana wakhe okuphela kwamzeleyo, ukuze bonke abakholwayo kuye bangatshabalali, koko babe nobomi obungunaphakade. |
Yoruba
Samuel Ajayi CrowtherSamuel Ajayi Crowther
Bishop Samuel Ajayi Crowther was a linguist and the first African Anglican bishop in Nigeria. Born in Osogun , Rev. Dr...
translated the Bible into Yoruba language
Yoruba language
Yorùbá is a Niger–Congo language spoken in West Africa by approximately 20 million speakers. The native tongue of the Yoruba people, it is spoken, among other languages, in Nigeria, Benin, and Togo and in communities in other parts of Africa, Europe and the Americas...
and concluded it in the mid 1880s known as "Bibeli Mimo". The complete Yoruba Bible was first published in 1884.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... (Johannu) 3:16 |
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| BFBS British and Foreign Bible Society The British and Foreign Bible Society, often known in England and Wales as simply as Bible Society, is a non-denominational Christian Bible society with charity status whose purpose is to make the Bible available throughout the world.... , 1900 |
Nitori O̩lo̩run fe̩ araiye tobẽ̩ ge̩, ti o fi O̩mo̩ bíbi rè̩ kans̩os̩o funni, pe e̩nike̩ni ti o ba gbà a gbó̩ kì yio s̩egbé, s̩ugbo̩n yio ni ìye ti kò nipe̩kun. |
Central Siberian Yupik language
The New Testament in the Central Siberian Yupik language language has been translated and is almost ready for publication. It is largely the work of David and Mitzi Shinen. When ready it will be published both in both Latin and Cyrillic scripts, so that it is accessible to Yupik living on St. Lawrence Island, as well as in Siberia. There translation of Mark was published previously in 1974, and Philippi in 1989.Central Alaskan Yup'ik language
Three Russian Orthodox liturgical readings, St. Mark 1:9-11, St. Matthew 4:23-5:13, St. Mark 16:1-8, were translated into Central Alaskan Yup'ik languageCentral Alaskan Yup'ik language
Central Alaskan Yup'ik or just Yup'ik is a Yupik language of the Eskimo language family, in turn a member of the Eskimo–Aleut language group, spoken in western and southwestern Alaska. Both in ethnic population and in number of speakers, Central Alaskan Yup'ik is the largest of the languages...
by John Orlov, of the Russian Orthodox Church
Russian Orthodox Church
The Russian Orthodox Church or, alternatively, the Moscow Patriarchate The ROC is often said to be the largest of the Eastern Orthodox churches in the world; including all the autocephalous churches under its umbrella, its adherents number over 150 million worldwide—about half of the 300 million...
in 1887. Moravian Missionary John Hinz translated Mark into a Yupik language, this being published in Germany in 1915. The four gospels and selections from the Psalms and New Testament was published as Kanegriarat Ashilret by the American Bible Society in 1929. The New Testament was then translated into a Yupik language by John Hinz and people from the Alaska Moravian Church. This was published by the American Bible Society
American Bible Society
The American Bible Society is an interconfessional, non-denominational, nonprofit organization, founded in 1816 in New York City, which publishes, distributes and translates the Bible and provides study aids and other tools to help people engage with the Bible.It is probably best known for its...
in 1956. A particularly interesting change was a switch from using the standard Yupik Yesus(Modern Spelling: Yiissus) (used in previous editions and in Jacobson's dictionary) to the anglicized Jesus. Yupik orthography and spelling was not yet standardized. Since then the Old Testament has been completed and together with the New Testament in modern orthography it is being prepared for printing. The translation team's goal is to have the whole Bible published by 2013.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... (Johnam) 3:16 |
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| (American Bible Society, 1929) | Toiten Agaiyutim tlamiut kinikkapigtsamike kingan kitunrane tsikiutika, kina imna itlenun ukfalra tamaragkaunregluko, taugam nangyuilingogmuk unguwankiskluko. |
| (American Bible Society, 1956) | Toiten Agaiutim tlamiut kinikkapigtshamíke kēngan Kitunrane tsikiutika, kina imna itlēnun ukfalra tamaskifkinako taugam nangiyuílingoramik unguvankriskluko. |
| (American Bible Society, 1956) Modern Orthography |
Tuaten Agayutem ellamiut kenkaqapigcamiki kiingan Qetunrani cikiutekaa kina imna elliinun ukvelria tamaasqevkenaku taugaam nangyuilngurmek unguvangqerresqelluku. |
Zulu
In 1837, the first portion's of the Bible in the Zulu language were published, in the "First Book for Readers" portions of Genesis and two Psalms were published. The first book of the Bible to be translated into the Zulu languageZulu language
Zulu is the language of the Zulu people with about 10 million speakers, the vast majority of whom live in South Africa. Zulu is the most widely spoken home language in South Africa as well as being understood by over 50% of the population...
was Matthew's Gospel, published in 1848 by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions was the first American Christian foreign mission agency. It was proposed in 1810 by recent graduates of Williams College and officially chartered in 1812. In 1961 it merged with other societies to form the United Church Board for World...
(ABCFM). This was translated by George Champion (missionary), and revised by Newton Adams. The completed New Testament was published in 1865, translated by a several missionaries of the ABCFM. And the complete Bible, translated also by many members of the ABCFM, and corrected by Andrew Abraham, and finally edited by S. C. Pixley was published in 1883. It was revised in 1959, and published in London by the British and Foreign Bible Society
British and Foreign Bible Society
The British and Foreign Bible Society, often known in England and Wales as simply as Bible Society, is a non-denominational Christian Bible society with charity status whose purpose is to make the Bible available throughout the world....
. A Modern Zulu New Testament, and as the Psalms was completed in 1986 and published in Cape Town by the Bible Society
Bible society
A Bible society is a non-profit organization devoted to translating, publishing, distributing the Bible at affordable costs and advocating its credibility and trustworthiness in contemporary cultural life...
of South Africa
South Africa
The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
. This was translated by Dean Nils Joëlson, and project co-ordinated by, Mr. D. T. Maseko and Mr. K. Magubane. John William Colenso
John William Colenso
John William Colenso , first Anglican bishop of Natal, mathematician, theologian, Biblical scholar and social activist.-Biography:Colenso was born at St Austell, Cornwall, on 24 January 1814...
and Hans Paludan Smith Schreuder
Hans Paludan Smith Schreuder
Hans Paludan Smith Schreuder was a Norwegian 19th century missionary to Zulu who developed a close relationship with the Zulu and British authorities.- Early life :Hans Paludan Smith Schreuder was born in Sogndal, Norway, in 1817...
are also said to have worked on Zulu Bible translation.
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... 3:16 |
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| (American Bible Society, 1883) | uTixo wa li tanda izwe kangaka, wa nika iNdodana yake e zelwe yodwa, ukuba bonke aba kolwa iyo ba nga bubi, ba be nokupila okupakade. |
Zuñi
In 1906, Andrew VanderWagen, with the help of Nich Tumaka, he translated Mark and perhaps other portionsinto the Zuñi language
Zuni language
Zuni is a language of the Zuni people, indigenous to western New Mexico and eastern Arizona in the United States. It is spoken by around 9,500 people worldwide, especially in the vicinity of Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico, and much smaller numbers in parts of Arizona.Unlike most indigenous languages in...
(a language isolate
Language isolate
A language isolate, in the absolute sense, is a natural language with no demonstrable genealogical relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. They are in effect language families consisting of a single...
) of western New Mexico and eastern Arizona. In the 1930s and 1940s, George Yff and Rex Natewa, with the help of Wycliffe Bible Translator
Wycliffe Bible Translators
Wycliffe Bible Translators is an interdenominational organization mandated to making a translation of the Bible in every living language in the world, especially for cultures with little existing Christian influence. Wycliffe was founded in 1942 by William Cameron Townsend and is associated with...
Carroll Whitener translated Matthew and John. These translations had many problems, including the fact that they used grammatical sentence structure based on English instead of on Zuni. After extensive study of the Zuñi language
Zuni language
Zuni is a language of the Zuni people, indigenous to western New Mexico and eastern Arizona in the United States. It is spoken by around 9,500 people worldwide, especially in the vicinity of Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico, and much smaller numbers in parts of Arizona.Unlike most indigenous languages in...
, and massive recordings of their folklore, and after creating a writing system that worked for their language, Curtis Cook translated the gospel of Mark (published in 1970) and Acts into the Zuñi language. Cook's chief language helper was Lorenzo Chavez
External links
- The World Bibles website lists over 14,000 Internet links to Bibles, New Testaments and portions in over four thousand languages.
- Wycliffe Bible Transators' statistic page shows how many languages have a translated Bible and where the need is the greatest.