Africa

•  Algeria
  • President - Chadli Bendjedid
    Chadli Bendjedid
    Chadli Bendjedid was the sixth President of Algeria from February 9, 1979 to January 11, 1992.-Early career:...
    
    , President of Algeria
    President of Algeria
    The President of Algeria is the head of state and chief executive of Algeria, as well as the Commander-in-Chief of the Algerian armed forces.-History of the office:...
    
     (1979–1992)
  • Prime Minister - Mohamed Ben Ahmed Abdelghani
    Mohamed Ben Ahmed Abdelghani
    Mohammed ben Ahmed Abdelghani was the prime minister of Algeria under President Chadli Bendjedid from March 8, 1979 until January 22, 1984. He served as the first prime minister of Algeria since 1963, when the position was abolished. As of 2005, he served the longest consecutive term of any prime...
    
    , Prime Minister of Algeria
    Prime Minister of Algeria
    The Prime Minister is the head of government of Algeria.The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of Algeria, along with other ministers and members of the government that the new Prime Minister recommends. The People's National Assembly must approve the legislative program of the new...
    
     (1979–1984) Angola
    People's Republic of Angola
    The People's Republic of Angola was a self-declared socialist state that was established in 1975 after it was granted independence from Portugal, akin to the situation in Mozambique. The newly-founded nation enjoyed friendly relations with the Soviet Union, Cuba, and the People's Republic of...
    
    
  • Communist Party Leader - José Eduardo dos Santos
    José Eduardo dos Santos
    José Eduardo dos Santos is an Angolan politician who has been the second and current President of Angola since 1979. As President, José Eduardo dos Santos is also the commander in chief of the Angolan Armed Forces and president of the MPLA , the party that has been ruling Angola since...
    
    , Secretary of the Popular Liberation Movement of Angola-Labor Party (1979–1991)
  • President - José Eduardo dos Santos
    José Eduardo dos Santos
    José Eduardo dos Santos is an Angolan politician who has been the second and current President of Angola since 1979. As President, José Eduardo dos Santos is also the commander in chief of the Angolan Armed Forces and president of the MPLA , the party that has been ruling Angola since...
    
    , President of Angola
    President of Angola
    The President of the Republic of Angola is both head of state and head of government in Angola. While the President appoints a Prime Minister, executive authority usually belongs to the President....
    
     (1979–present) Benin
    People's Republic of Benin
    The People's Republic of Benin was a socialist state located in the Gulf of Guinea on the African continent, which would become present-day Benin. The People's Republic was established on November 30, 1975, shortly after the 1972 coup d'état in the Republic of Dahomey...
    
    
  • Communist Party Leader - Mathieu Kérékou
    Mathieu Kérékou
    Mathieu Kérékou, was President of Benin from 1972 to 1991 and again from 1996 to 2006. After seizing power in a military coup, he ruled the country for 17 years, for most of that time under an officially Marxist-Leninist ideology, before he was stripped of his powers by the National Conference of...
    
    , Secretary of the Popular Revolutionary Party of Benin
    People's Revolutionary Party of Benin
    The People's Revolutionary Party of Benin was a political party in the People's Republic of Benin. It was founded in 1975 by General Mathieu Kérékou. With the new constitution of November 30, 1975, PRPB became the sole legal party in the country...
    
     (1979–1990)
  • President - Mathieu Kérékou
    Mathieu Kérékou
    Mathieu Kérékou, was President of Benin from 1972 to 1991 and again from 1996 to 2006. After seizing power in a military coup, he ruled the country for 17 years, for most of that time under an officially Marxist-Leninist ideology, before he was stripped of his powers by the National Conference of...
    
    , President of Benin (1972–1991)
•  Botswana
  • President -
    1. Sir Seretse Khama
       Seretse Khama
       Sir Seretse Khama, KBE was a statesman from Botswana. Born into one of the more powerful of the royal families of what was then the British Protectorate of Bechuanaland, and educated abroad in neighbouring South Africa and in the United Kingdom, he returned home—with a popular but controversial...
       
       , President of Botswana (1966–1980)
    2. Quett Masire
       Quett Masire
       Quett Ketumile Joni Masire, GCMG was the second President of Botswana for the Botswana Democratic Party from 1980 to 1998. He stepped down and was succeeded by the then Vice-President of Botswana, Festus Mogae, who became the third President of Botswana...
       
       , President of Botswana (1980–1998) Burundi
       Burundi
       Burundi , officially the Republic of Burundi , is a landlocked country in the Great Lakes region of Eastern Africa bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. Its capital is Bujumbura...
       
       
  • President - Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
    Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
    Jean-Baptiste Bagaza is a Burundian politician who was Chairman of the Supreme Revolutionary Council in Burundi until November 10, 1976, and President from November 10, 1976 to September 3, 1987. While travelling abroad, Bagaza was deposed in a military coup d'état. He was replaced as president by...
    
    , President of Burundi (1976–1987)
•  Cameroon
  • President - Ahmadou Ahidjo
    Ahmadou Ahidjo
    Ahmadou Babatoura Ahidjo was the first President of Cameroon from 1960 until 1982.-Early life:Ahidjo was born in Garoua, a major river port along the Benue River in northern Cameroun, which was at the time a French mandate territory...
    
    , President of Cameroon
    Heads of state of Cameroon
    -Presidents of Cameroon :-Affiliations:-Latest election:-See also:*Politics of Cameroon*Heads of government of Cameroon*Colonial heads of Cameroon...
    
     (1960–1982)
  • Prime Minister - Paul Biya
    Paul Biya
    Paul Biya is a Cameroonian politician who has been the President of Cameroon since 6 November 1982. A native of Cameroon's south, Biya rose rapidly as a bureaucrat under President Ahmadou Ahidjo in the 1960s, serving as Secretary-General of the Presidency from 1968 to 1975 and then as Prime...
    
    , Prime Minister of Cameroon
    Prime Minister of Cameroon
    Under the current constitution of Cameroon, the Prime Minister of Cameroon is a relatively powerless executive. While the Prime Minister is officially appointed to be the head of government, the President retains most of the executive power and can fire the Prime Minister at will.-History:The...
    
     (1975–1982)
•  Cape Verde
  • President - Aristides Pereira
    Aristides Pereira
    Aristides Maria Pereira was the first President of Cape Verde, serving from 1975 to 1991.-Biography:Pereira was born on the island of Boa Vista. His first major government job was chief of telecommunications in Guinea-Bissau...
    
    , President of Cape Verde (1975–1991)
  • Prime Minister - Pedro Pires
    Pedro Pires
    Pedro Verona Rodrigues Pires was the President of Cape Verde from March 2001 to September 2011. Before becoming President, he was Prime Minister from 1975 to 1991....
    
    , Prime Minister of Cape Verde (1975–1991)
•  Central African Republic
  • President - David Dacko
    David Dacko
    David Dacko was the first President of the Central African Republic , from August 14, 1960 to January 1, 1966, and the third president of the CAR from September 21, 1979 to September 1, 1981...
    
    , President of the Central African Republic
    Heads of state of the Central African Republic (and Central African Empire)
    This is a complete list of the heads of state of the Central African Republic and Central African Empire. There have been five heads of state in the history of the Central African Republic and Central African Empire since independence was obtained from the French on 13 August 1960...
    
     (1979–1981)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Bernard Ayandho
       Bernard Ayandho
       Bernard Christian Ayandho was Prime Minister of the Central African Republic from 26 September 1979 to 22 August 1980....
       
       , Prime Minister of the Central African Republic
       Heads of government of the Central African Republic (and Central African Empire)
       This is a complete list of the heads of government of the Central African Republic and Central African Empire. There have been 21 heads of government of Central African Republic and the Central African Empire. The office of Prime Minister, the head of government, was created when the Central...
       
        (1979–1980)
    2. Jean-Pierre Lebouder
       Jean-Pierre Lebouder
       Jean-Pierre Lebouder was Prime Minister of the Central African Republic from 12 November 1980 to 3 April 1981.-References:...
       
       , Prime Minister of the Central African Republic
       Heads of government of the Central African Republic (and Central African Empire)
       This is a complete list of the heads of government of the Central African Republic and Central African Empire. There have been 21 heads of government of Central African Republic and the Central African Empire. The office of Prime Minister, the head of government, was created when the Central...
       
        (1980–1981)
•  Chad
  • Head of State - Goukouni Oueddei
    Goukouni Oueddei
    Goukouni Oueddei is a Chadian political figure. He was Head of State of Chad from 1979 to 1982. He is currently in exile.-Biography:...
    
    , President of the Transitional Government of National Unity of Chad
    Heads of state of Chad
    -List of Heads of State of Chad:-Affiliations:-External links:**...
    
     (1979–1982)
•  Comoros
  • President - Ahmed Abdallah
    Ahmed Abdallah
    Ahmed Abdallah Abderemane was a Comorian politician. He was President of the Comoros from 25 October 1978 until his death.-Life prior to the presidency:...
    
    , President of the Comoros (1978–1989)
  • Prime Minister - Salim Ben Ali
    Salim Ben Ali
    Salim Ben Ali Al-Qasimi served as prime minister of Comoros under President Ahmed Abdallah from December 22, 1978 until February 8, 1982....
    
    , Prime Minister of the Comoros
    Heads of government of the Comoros
    -List of Heads of Government of the Comoros:-Affiliations:-See also:*Comoros**Heads of state of the Comoros**Colonial heads of the Comoros*Lists of office-holders...
    
     (1978–1982) Congo
    People's Republic of the Congo
    The People's Republic of the Congo was a self-declared Marxist-Leninist socialist state that was established in 1970 in the Republic of the Congo...
    
    
  • Communist Party Leader - Denis Sassou Nguesso
    Denis Sassou Nguesso
    Denis Sassou Nguesso is a Congolese politician who has been the President of Congo-Brazzaville since 1997; he was previously President from 1979 to 1992. During his first period as President, he headed the single-party regime of the Congolese Labour Party for 12 years...
    
    , Chairman of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Congolese Labor Party
    Congolese Party of Labour
    The Congolese Party of Labour , founded in 1969 by Marien Ngouabi, is the ruling political party of the Republic of the Congo...
    
     (1979–1991)
  • President - Denis Sassou Nguesso
    Denis Sassou Nguesso
    Denis Sassou Nguesso is a Congolese politician who has been the President of Congo-Brazzaville since 1997; he was previously President from 1979 to 1992. During his first period as President, he headed the single-party regime of the Congolese Labour Party for 12 years...
    
    , President of Congo
    Heads of state of the Republic of the Congo
    -List of Heads of State of the Republic of the Congo :-Affiliations:-See also:*Congo*Republic of the Congo**List of heads of government of the Republic of the Congo...
    
     (1979–1992)
  • Prime Minister - Louis Sylvain Goma
    Louis Sylvain Goma
    Louis Sylvain Goma is a Congolese politician. Goma was the Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo from 18 December 1975 to 7 August 1984 under three successive Heads of State: Marien Ngouabi, Jacques Yhombi-Opango, and Denis Sassou Nguesso.Prime Minister Henri Lopès and his government...
    
    , Prime Minister of Congo
    Heads of government of the Republic of the Congo
    -List of Heads of Government of the Republic of the Congo :-Affiliations:-See also:*Congo*Republic of the Congo**List of heads of state of the Republic of the Congo...
    
     (1975–1984)
•  Djibouti
  • President - Hassan Gouled Aptidon
    Hassan Gouled Aptidon
    Hassan Gouled Aptidon was the first President of Djibouti from 1977 to 1999.-Biography:...
    
    , President of Djibouti (1977–1999)
  • Prime Minister - Barkat Gourad Hamadou
    Barkat Gourad Hamadou
    Barkat Gourad Hamadou was the Prime Minister of Djibouti from 2 October 1978 until 7 March 2001.-Political career:Hamadou is a member of the Afar ethnic group and was born in Dikhil Region, in the southwest of Djibouti...
    
    , Prime Minister of Djibouti (1978–2001)
•  Egypt -
  • President - Anwar Sadat
    Anwar Sadat
    Muhammad Anwar al-Sadat was the third President of Egypt, serving from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981...
    
    , President of Egypt
    President of Egypt
    The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the head of state of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the president is also the supreme commander of the armed forces and head of the executive branch of the Egyptian government....
    
     (1970–1981)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Mustafa Khalil
       Mustafa Khalil
       Mustafa Khalil was an Egyptian politician. He served as the Prime Minister of Egypt from October 2, 1978 to May 15, 1980. Khalil also served as the Egyptian foreign minister from 1979 until 1980. Khalil was best known for helping to negotiate the 1979 Camp David Accord peace treaty between Egypt...
       
       , Prime Minister of Egypt
       Prime Minister of Egypt
       The Prime Minister of Egypt is the head of the Egyptian government. According to the constitution, the prime minister is the leader of the largest political party in the Egyptian Parliament....
       
        (1978–1980)
    2. Anwar Sadat
       Anwar Sadat
       Muhammad Anwar al-Sadat was the third President of Egypt, serving from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981...
       
       , Prime Minister of Egypt
       Prime Minister of Egypt
       The Prime Minister of Egypt is the head of the Egyptian government. According to the constitution, the prime minister is the leader of the largest political party in the Egyptian Parliament....
       
        (1980–1981)
•  Equatorial Guinea
  • Head of State - Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo
    Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo
    Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo is an Equatoguinean politician who has been President of Equatorial Guinea since 1979. He ousted his uncle, Francisco Macías Nguema, in an August 1979 military coup and has overseen Equatorial Guinea's emergence as an important oil producer, beginning in the 1990s...
    
    , Chairman of the Supreme Military Council of Equatorial Guinea (1979–present) Ethiopia
    Derg
    The Derg or Dergue was a Communist military junta that came to power in Ethiopia following the ousting of Haile Selassie I. Derg, which means "committee" or "council" in Ge'ez, is the short name of the Coordinating Committee of the Armed Forces, Police, and Territorial Army, a committee of...
    
    
  • Head of State - Mengistu Haile Mariam
    Mengistu Haile Mariam
    Mengistu Haile Mariam is a politician who was formerly the most prominent officer of the Derg, the Communist military junta that governed Ethiopia from 1974 to 1987, and the President of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia from 1987 to 1991...
    
    , Chairman of the Coordinating Committee of the Armed Forces of Ethiopia (1977–1991)
•  Gabon
  • President - Omar Bongo
    Omar Bongo
    El Hadj Omar Bongo Ondimba , born as Albert-Bernard Bongo, was a Gabonese politician who was President of Gabon for 42 years from 1967 until his death in office in 2009....
    
    , President of Gabon (1967–2009)
  • Prime Minister - Léon Mébiame
    Léon Mébiame
    Léon Mébiame was the Prime Minister of Gabon from 1975 to 1990.A member of the Fang ethnic group, Mébiame was born in Libreville. Under French colonial rule, he became an inspector of federal police in 1956 and was posted in Chad from January 6, 1957 to March 1959...
    
    , Prime Minister of Gabon (1975–1994)
•  The Gambia
  • President - Sir Dawda Jawara
    Dawda Jawara
    Sir Dawda Kairaba Jawara, GCMG was the first leader of The Gambia, serving first as Prime Minister from 1962 to 1970 and then as President from 1970 to 1994....
    
    , President of The Gambia
    Heads of state of the Gambia
    -Heads of State of The Gambia :-Affiliations:*PPP - People's Progressive Party*APRC - Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction*Mil - Military of the Gambia...
    
     (1970–1994)
•  Ghana
  • President - Hilla Limann
    Hilla Limann
    Hilla Limann was the President of Ghana from 24 September, 1979 to 31 December, 1981. Eventually he became a diplomat, and served in Switzerland. Limann, whose original last name was Babini, was born in the northern Ghanaian town of Gwolu in the Sissala West District of the Upper West Region to a...
    
    , President of Ghana
    Heads of state of Ghana
    Prior to independence in 1957, Ghana was known as the British colony of Gold Coast. Before then it had been divided among a number of states, by far the largest of which was the Ashanti Empire, whose rulers were known as the Asantehene....
    
     (1979–1981)
•  Guinea
  • President - Ahmed Sékou Touré
    Ahmed Sékou Touré
    Ahmed Sékou Touré was an African political leader and President of Guinea from 1958 to his death in 1984...
    
    , President of Guinea (1958–1984)
  • Prime Minister - Louis Lansana Beavogui
    Louis Lansana Beavogui
    Louis Lansana Beavogui was a Guinean politician. He was Prime Minister from 1972 to 1984 and was briefly interim President in 1984.-Background and political career:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Guinea (1972–1984)
•  Guinea-Bissau
  • Head of State -
    1. Luís Cabral
       Luís Cabral
       Luís Severino de Almeida Cabral was the first President of Guinea-Bissau. He served from 1974 to 1980, when a military coup d'état led by João Bernardo "Nino" Vieira deposed him...
       
       , Chairman of the Council of State of Guinea-Bissau
       Heads of state of Guinea-Bissau
       -Presidents of Guinea-Bissau :-Affiliations:-Latest election:-See also:*Guinea-Bissau**List of heads of government of Guinea-Bissau...
       
        (1973–1980)
    2. João Bernardo Vieira
       João Bernardo Vieira
       João Bernardo "Nino" Vieira was the President of Guinea-Bissau from 1980 to 1999 and again from 2005 to 2009. After seizing power in 1980, Vieira ruled for 19 years, and he won a multiparty presidential election in 1994. He was ousted at the end of the 1998–1999 civil war and went into exile...
       
       , Chairman of the Council of the Revolution of Guinea-Bissau
       Heads of state of Guinea-Bissau
       -Presidents of Guinea-Bissau :-Affiliations:-Latest election:-See also:*Guinea-Bissau**List of heads of government of Guinea-Bissau...
       
        (1980–1984)
  • Prime Minister - João Bernardo Vieira
    João Bernardo Vieira
    João Bernardo "Nino" Vieira was the President of Guinea-Bissau from 1980 to 1999 and again from 2005 to 2009. After seizing power in 1980, Vieira ruled for 19 years, and he won a multiparty presidential election in 1994. He was ousted at the end of the 1998–1999 civil war and went into exile...
    
    , Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau
    Heads of government of Guinea-Bissau
    -Prime Ministers of Guinea-Bissau :-Affiliations:-See also:*Guinea-Bissau**List of heads of state of Guinea-Bissau**List of colonial heads of Portuguese Guinea...
    
     (1978–1980)
•  Côte d'Ivoire
  • President - Félix Houphouët-Boigny
    Félix Houphouët-Boigny
    Félix Houphouët-Boigny , affectionately called Papa Houphouët or Le Vieux, was the first President of Côte d'Ivoire. Originally a village chief, he worked as a doctor, an administrator of a plantation, and a union leader, before being elected to the French Parliament and serving in a number of...
    
    , President of Ivory Coast (1960–1993)
•  Kenya
  • President - Daniel arap Moi
    Daniel arap Moi
    Daniel Toroitich arap Moi was the President of Kenya from 1978 until 2002.Daniel arap Moi is popularly known to Kenyans as 'Nyayo', a Swahili word for 'footsteps'...
    
    , President of Kenya (1978–2002)
•  Lesotho
  • Monarch - Moshoeshoe II
    Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho
    Moshoeshoe II , previously known as Constantine Bereng Seeiso, was the paramount chief of Lesotho, succeeding paramount chief Seeiso from 1960 until the country gained full independence from Britain in 1966...
    
    , King of Lesotho (1970–1990)
  • Prime Minister - Leabua Jonathan
    Leabua Jonathan
    Joseph Leabua Jonathan was the second Prime Minister of Lesotho. He succeeded Chief Sekhonyana Nehemia Maseribane following a by-election and held that post from 1965 to 1986.-Early life and career:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Lesotho (1965–1986)
•  Liberia
  • President -
    1. William R. Tolbert, Jr.
       William R. Tolbert, Jr.
       William Richard Tolbert, Jr. was the 20th President of Liberia from 1971 to 1980.Trained as a civil servant, he entered the country's House of Representatives in 1955 for the True Whig Party, then the only established party in the country...
       
       , President of Liberia (1971–1980)
    2. Samuel Doe
       Samuel Doe
       Samuel Kanyon Doe was the 21st President of Liberia, serving from 1986 until his assassination in 1990. He had previously served as Chairman of the People's Redemption Council from 1980 to 1986. He was the first indigenous head of state in Liberian history.Doe was a part of a rural tribe in inland...
       
       , President of Liberia (1980–1990)
•   Libya
  • De facto Head of State - Muammar Gaddafi
    Muammar Gaddafi
    Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar Gaddafi or "September 1942" 20 October 2011), commonly known as Muammar Gaddafi or Colonel Gaddafi, was the official ruler of the Libyan Arab Republic from 1969 to 1977 and then the "Brother Leader" of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya from 1977 to 2011.He seized power in a...
    
    , Guide of the Revolution of Libya (1969–2011)
  • Nominal Head of State - Abdul Ati al-Obeidi
    Abdul Ati al-Obeidi
    Abdul Ati al-Obeidi is a Libyan politician and diplomat. He has held various top posts in Libya under Muammar Gaddafi; he was Prime Minister from 1977 to 1979 and Head of State from 1979 to 1981. Abdul Ati al-Obeidi was one of three main negotiators in Libya's decision to denounce and drop their...
    
    , General Secretary of the General People's Congress of Libya (1979–1981)
  • Head of Government - Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi
    Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi
    Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi is Libya's UN ambassador and held a Security Council chair for the January 2008 – December 2009 term. He was General Secretary of the People's Committee in Libya for two terms, the first term from 2 March 1979 to 16 February 1984 and the second term from September, 1986 to...
    
    , General Secretary of the General People's Committee of Libya (1979–1984)
•  Madagascar
  • President - Didier Ratsiraka
    Didier Ratsiraka
    Vice Admiral Didier Ratsiraka is a Malagasy politician who was President of Madagascar from 1975 to 1993 and from 1997 to 2002.-Second Republic:...
    
    , President of Madagascar (1975–1993)
  • Prime Minister - Désiré Rakotoarijaona
    Désiré Rakotoarijaona
    Lieutenant-Colonel Désiré Rakotoarijaona is a former Prime Minister of Madagascar. He held the position from 1 August 1977 until 12 February 1988 under President Didier Ratsiraka. Rakotoarijaona was replaced by Victor Ramahatra...
    
    , Prime Minister of Madagascar (1977–1988)
•  Malawi
  • President - Hastings Banda
    Hastings Banda
    Hastings Kamuzu Banda was the leader of Malawi and its predecessor state, Nyasaland, from 1961 to 1994. After receiving much of his education overseas, Banda returned to his home country to speak against colonialism and advocate for independence...
    
    , President for Life of Malawi (1966–1994)
•  Mali
  • President - Moussa Traoré
    Moussa Traoré
    General Moussa Traoré is a Malian soldier and politician. As a Lieutenant, he led the military ouster of President Modibo Keïta in 1968. Thereafter he served as Head of State from 1968-1979, and President of Mali from 1979 to 1991, when he was overthrown by popular protests and military coup...
    
    , President of Mali (1968–1991)
•  Mauritania
  • Head of State -
    1. Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Louly
       Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Louly
       Lt. Col. Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Louly was the President of Mauritania and Chairman of the Military Committee for National Salvation from 3 June 1979 to 4 January 1980.محمد-External links:...
       
       , Head of State of Mauritania (1979–1980)
    2. Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla
       Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla
       Ret. Col. Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidallah was the head of state of Mauritania from 4 January 1980 to 12 December 1984...
       
       , Head of State of Mauritania (1980–1984)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla
       Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla
       Ret. Col. Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidallah was the head of state of Mauritania from 4 January 1980 to 12 December 1984...
       
       , Prime Minister of Mauritania (1979–1980)
    2. Sid Ahmed Ould Bneijara
       Sid Ahmed Ould Bneijara
       Sid Ahmed Ould Bneijara was briefly the Prime Minister of Mauritania in 1980-81.He was first appointed by Col. Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidallah of the Military Committee for National Salvation , on December 12, 1980, to replace Haidallah himself...
       
       , Prime Minister of Mauritania (1980–1981) Mauritius
       Mauritius (commonwealth realm)
       The commonwealth realm of Mauritius, known simply officially as 'Mauritius', was a predecessor to modern-day Republic of Mauritius and an independent state that existed between 1968 and 1992. When British rule ended in 1968, Mauritius was given independence as a commonwealth realm in which form the...
       
       
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Mauritius
    Commonwealth Realm
    A Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state within the Commonwealth of Nations that has Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state. The sixteen current realms have a combined land area of 18.8 million km² , and a population of 134 million, of which all, except about two million, live in the six...
    
     (1968–1992)
  • Governor-General - Sir Dayendranath Burrenchobay
    Dayendranath Burrenchobay
    Sir Dayendranath Burrenchobay KBE, CMG, CVO, GCSK, was born in Plaine Magnien, Mauritius and served as Governor-General of Mauritius....
    
    , Governor-General of Mauritius (1978–1983)
  • Prime Minister - Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam
    Seewoosagur Ramgoolam
    Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam KT,GCMG,KCMG,LRCP, MRCS is the first Chief Minister, Prime Minister and sixth Governor General of Mauritius....
    
    , Prime Minister of Mauritius (1961–1982) (Territorial collectivity of France)
  • Prefect -
    1. Jean Rigotard, Prefect of Mayotte (1978–1980)
    2. Philippe Jacques Nicolas Kessler, Prefect of Mayotte (1980–1981)
  • President of the General Council - Younoussa Bamana
    Younoussa Bamana
    Younoussa Bamana was a politician from Mayotte who served in the French National Assembly from 1978-1981 .- references :*...
    
    , President of the General Council of Mayotte
    General Council of Mayotte
    Mayotte elects on territorial level a legislature. The General Council has 19 members, elected for a three year term in single seat constituencies.- Presidents of the General Council:* Younoussa Bamana : 6 July 1977 – March 1991...
    
     (1976–1991)
•  Morocco
  • Monarch - Hassan II
    Hassan II of Morocco
    King Hassan II l-ḥasan aṯ-ṯānī, dial. el-ḥasan ettâni); July 9, 1929 – July 23, 1999) was King of Morocco from 1961 until his death in 1999...
    
    , King of Morocco (1961–1999)
  • Prime Minister - Maati Bouabid
    Maati Bouabid
    Maati Bouabid was the Prime Minister of Morocco between March 22, 1979 and November 30, 1983. - References :...
    
    , Prime Minister of Morocco (1979–1983)
  •   Western Sahara
    Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
    The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic is a partially recognised state that claims sovereignty over the entire territory of Western Sahara, a former Spanish colony. SADR was proclaimed by the Polisario Front on February 27, 1976, in Bir Lehlu, Western Sahara. The SADR government controls about...
    
     (self-declared, partially recognized state)
    • President - Mohamed Abdelaziz
      Mohamed Abdelaziz
      Mohamed Abdelaziz is the 3rd and current Secretary General of the Polisario Front and President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic since 1976...
      
      , President of Western Sahara (1976–present)
    • Prime Minister - Mohamed Lamine Ould Ahmed
      Mohamed Lamine Ould Ahmed
      Mohamed Lamine Ould Ahmed is a Sahrawi politician and a member of the Polisario Front.One of the founding members of the Polisario, Mohamed Lamine Ould Ahmed became the first Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic in 1976, and held the post until 1982. He returned to office in...
      
      , Prime Minister of Western Sahara (1976–1982) Mozambique
      People's Republic of Mozambique
      The People's Republic of Mozambique , was a self-declared socialist state that lasted from June 25, 1975 through December 1, 1990, becoming the present day Republic of Mozambique.After gaining independence from Portugal in 1975, the People's Republic of Mozambique was established shortly...
      
      
  • Communist Party Leader - Samora Machel
    Samora Machel
    Samora Moisés Machel was a Mozambican military commander, revolutionary socialist leader and eventual President of Mozambique...
    
    , President of the Liberation Front of Mozambique (1975–1986)
  • President - Samora Machel
    Samora Machel
    Samora Moisés Machel was a Mozambican military commander, revolutionary socialist leader and eventual President of Mozambique...
    
    , President of Mozambique
    Heads of state of Mozambique
    -Presidents of Mozambique :-Affiliations:FRELIMO = Frente de Libertação de Moçambique...
    
     (1975–1986)
•  Niger
  • Head of State - Seyni Kountché
    Seyni Kountché
    Seyni Kountché was a Nigerien military officer who led a 1974 coup d'état that deposed the government of Niger's first president, Hamani Diori. He ruled the country as military head of state from 1974 to 1987...
    
    , President of the Supreme Military Council of Niger
    Heads of state of Niger
    -List of Heads of State of Niger:-Affiliations:-See also:*Niger*List of colonial heads of Niger*Heads of Government of Niger*Lists of Incumbents-References:*...
    
     (1974–1987)
•  Nigeria
  • President - Shehu Shagari
    Shehu Shagari
    Shehu Usman Aliyu Shagari, Turakin Sakkwato served as the President of Nigeria's Second Republic , after the handover of power by General Olusegun Obasanjo's military government....
    
    , President of Nigeria
    President of Nigeria
    The President of Nigeria is the Head of State and head of the national executive. Officially styled President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and Commander-in-Chief of the Nigerian Armed Forces. The current President of Nigeria is Goodluck Jonathan.-History:On October 1, 1960, Nigeria gained...
    
     (1979–1983)
•  Rwanda
  • President - Juvénal Habyarimana
    Juvénal Habyarimana
    Juvénal Habyarimana was the third President of the Republic of Rwanda, the post he held longer than any other president to date, from 1973 until 1994. During his 20-year rule he favored his own ethnic group, the Hutus, and supported the Hutu majority in neighboring Burundi against the Tutsi...
    
    , President of Rwanda (1973–1994) Saint Helena and Dependencies
    Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
    Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha is a British overseas territory and overseas territory of the European Union consisting of the islands of Saint Helena, Ascension Island and the Tristan da Cunha group...
    
     (British crown colony
    Crown colony
    A Crown colony, also known in the 17th century as royal colony, was a type of colonial administration of the English and later British Empire....
    
    )
  • Governor - Geoffrey Colin Guy
    Geoffrey Colin Guy
    Geoffrey Colin Guy CMG, CVO, OBE was the last Commissioner and the first Administrator of the Turks and Caicos from 1958 to 1959 and 1959 to 1965 respectively. Mr. Guy was succeeded by John Anthony Golding in 1965. He was administrator during Hurricane Donna, which in 106 devastated agriculture on...
    
    , Governor of Saint Helena
    Governor of Saint Helena
    The Governor of Saint Helena is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha...
    
     (1976–1981)
•  São Tomé and Príncipe
  • President - Manuel Pinto da Costa
    Manuel Pinto da Costa
    Manuel Pinto da Costa is a Santoméan economist and politician who served as the first President of São Tomé and Príncipe from 1975 to 1991. He was again elected as President in August 2011 and took office on 3 September 2011....
    
    , President of São Tomé and Príncipe (1975–1991)
•  Senegal
  • President - Léopold Sédar Senghor
    Léopold Sédar Senghor
    Léopold Sédar Senghor was a Senegalese poet, politician, and cultural theorist who for two decades served as the first president of Senegal . Senghor was the first African elected as a member of the Académie française. Before independence, he founded the political party called the Senegalese...
    
    , President of Senegal (1960–1980)
  • Prime Minister - Abdou Diouf
    Abdou Diouf
    Abdou Diouf was the second President of Senegal, serving from 1981 to 2000. Diouf is notable both for coming to power by peaceful succession, and leaving willingly after losing the 2000 presidential election to Abdoulaye Wade...
    
    , Prime Minister of Senegal
    Prime Minister of Senegal
    The Prime Minister of Senegal is the head of government of Senegal. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of Senegal, who is directly elected for a five year term. The Prime Minister, in turn, appoints the Senegalese cabinet, after consultation with the President.This is a list of the...
    
     (1970–1980)
•  Seychelles
  • President - France-Albert René
    France-Albert René
    France-Albert René was the long-time socialist President of Seychelles from 1977 to 2004. He is known by government officials and party members as "the Boss". His name is often given as simply Albert René or F.A...
    
    , President of Seychelles (1977–2004)
•  Sierra Leone
  • President - Siaka Stevens
    Siaka Stevens
    Siaka Probyn Stevens was the 3rd prime minister of Sierra Leone from 1967–1971 and the 1st president of Sierra Leone from 1971–1985. Stevens is generally criticised for dictatorial methods of government in which many of his political opponents were executed, as well as for mismanaging...
    
    , President of Sierra Leone
    President of Sierra Leone
    The President of the Republic of Sierra Leone is the head of state and the head of government of Sierra Leone, as well as the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces...
    
     (1971–1985) Somalia
    Somali Democratic Republic
    The Somali Democratic Republic was the name that the communist regime of former President of Somalia Major General Mohamed Siad Barre gave to Somalia after seizing power during a bloodless coup d'état in 1969...
    
    
  • Communist Party Leader - Siad Barre
    Siad Barre
    Mohamed Siad Barre was the military dictator and President of the Somali Democratic Republic from 1969 to 1991. During his rule, he styled himself as Jaalle Siyaad ....
    
    , Secretary-general of the Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party
    Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party
    The Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party was the governing political party in Somalia from 1976 to 1991.- History :XHKS was created by the military regime of Siad Barre under Soviet guidance. A founding congress was held in June 1976. The congress elected a Central Committee, with Barre as the...
    
     (1976–1991)
  • President - Siad Barre
    Siad Barre
    Mohamed Siad Barre was the military dictator and President of the Somali Democratic Republic from 1969 to 1991. During his rule, he styled himself as Jaalle Siyaad ....
    
    , President of Somalia (1969–1991)
•  South Africa
  • President - Marais Viljoen
    Marais Viljoen
    Marais Viljoen was the last ceremonial State President of South Africa from 4 June 1979 until 3 September 1984. Viljoen became the last of the ceremonial presidents of South Africa when he was succeeded in 1984 by an executive president, P. W. Botha.- Early life :Viljoen was the youngest of six...
    
    , State President of South Africa
    State President of South Africa
    State President, or Staatspresident in Afrikaans, was the title of South Africa's head of state from 1961 to 1994. The office was established when the country became a republic in 1961, and Queen Elizabeth II ceased to be head of state...
    
     (1979–1984)
  • Prime Minister - P. W. Botha, Prime Minister of South Africa (1978–1984)

• • • Administrator-General -
      1. Gerrit Viljoen
         Gerrit Viljoen
         Gerrit Van Niekerk Viljoen was a South African government minister and member of the National Party....
         
         , Administrator-General of South West Africa (1979–1980)
      2. Danie Hough, Administrator-General of South West Africa (1980–1983)
    • Premier - Dirk Mudge
      Dirk Mudge
      Dirk Frederik Mudge is a Namibian farmer and former politician. He was a member of the Constituent Assembly and first National Assembly from 1989-1994. He broke with the National Party and sided with the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance of Namibia...
      
      , Chairman of the Council of Ministers of South West Africa (1980–1983)
•  Sudan
  • President - Gaafar Nimeiry
    Gaafar Nimeiry
    Gaafar Muhammad an-Nimeiry was the Nubian President of Sudan from 1969 to 1985...
    
    , President of Sudan (1969–1985)
  • Prime Minister - Gaafar Nimeiry
    Gaafar Nimeiry
    Gaafar Muhammad an-Nimeiry was the Nubian President of Sudan from 1969 to 1985...
    
    , Prime minister of Sudan
    Prime minister of Sudan
    -List of heads of government of Sudan:-Affiliations:*UNF - United National Front*NUP - National Unionist Party*DUP - Democratic Unionist Party...
    
     (1977–1985)
•  Swaziland
  • Monarch - Sobhuza II
    Sobhuza II of Swaziland
    Ngwenyama Sobhuza II was the Paramount Chief and later King of Swaziland. He was the son of Ngwane V.-Biography:...
    
    , King of Swaziland (1921–1982)
  • Prime Minister - Prince Mabandla Dlamini
    Mabandla Dlamini
    Prince Mabandla Ndawombili Fred Dlamini was Prime Minister of Swaziland from 23 November 1979 to 25 March 1983.- References :...
    
    , Prime Minister of Swaziland (1979–1983)
•  Tanzania
  • President - Julius Nyerere
    Julius Nyerere
    Julius Kambarage Nyerere was a Tanzanian politician who served as the first President of Tanzania and previously Tanganyika, from the country's founding in 1961 until his retirement in 1985....
    
    , President of Tanzania (1962–1985)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Edward Sokoine, Prime Minister of Tanzania (1977–1980)
    2. Cleopa David Msuya
       Cleopa David Msuya
       Cleopa David Msuya was Prime Minister of Tanzania from 7 November 1980 to 24 February 1983 and again from 7 December 1994 to 28 November 1995....
       
       , Prime Minister of Tanzania (1980–1983)
•  Togo
  • President - Gnassingbé Eyadéma
    Gnassingbé Eyadéma
    General Gnassingbé Eyadéma , was the President of Togo from 1967 until his death in 2005. He participated in two successful military coups, in January 1963 and January 1967, and became President on April 14, 1967...
    
    , President of Togo (1967–2005)
•  Tunisia
  • President - Habib Bourguiba
    Habib Bourguiba
    Habib Bourguiba was a Tunisian statesman, the Founder and the first President of the Republic of Tunisia from July 25, 1957 until 7 November 1987...
    
    , President for Life of Tunisia
    President of Tunisia
    The President of Tunisia, formally known as the President of the Tunisian Republic is the head of state of Tunisia. Tunisia is a presidential republic in which the president is the head of the executive branch of government with the assistance of the Prime Minister of Tunisia, formally the head of...
    
     (1957–1987)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Hedi Amara Nouira
       Hedi Amara Nouira
       Hédi Amara Nouira was a Tunisian politician. He served as the Prime Minister of Tunisia between 1970 and 1980....
       
       , Prime Minister of Tunisia
       Prime Minister of Tunisia
       The Prime Minister of the Tunisian Republic is the head of government of Tunisia. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of Tunisia...
       
        (1970–1980)
    2. Mohammed Mzali
       Mohammed Mzali
       Mohammed Mzali was a Tunisian politician.Mzali was born in Monastir, Tunisia in 1925. He served as Prime Minister from his appointment by President Habib Bourguiba until his dismissal in 1986 amid government-mandated price increases and subsequent rioting....
       
       , Prime Minister of Tunisia
       Prime Minister of Tunisia
       The Prime Minister of the Tunisian Republic is the head of government of Tunisia. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of Tunisia...
       
        (1980–1986)
•  Uganda
  • Head of State -
    1. Godfrey Binaisa
       Godfrey Binaisa
       Godfrey Lukongwa Binaisa QC was a Ugandan lawyer who was Attorney General of Uganda from 1962 to 1968 and later served as President of Uganda from June 1979 to May 1980. At his death he was Uganda's only surviving former president....
       
       , President of Uganda
       President of Uganda
       -List of Presidents of Uganda:-Affiliations:-See also:*Uganda*Vice President of Uganda*Prime Minister of Uganda*Politics of Uganda*History of Uganda*Political parties of Uganda...
       
        (1979–1980)
    2. Paulo Muwanga
       Paulo Muwanga
       Paulo Muwanga was the chairman of the governing Military Commission, and the de-facto President of Uganda for a few days in May 1980 until the establishment of the Presidential Commission of Uganda. The Presidential Commission, with Muwanga as chairman, held the office of President of Uganda...
       
       , Chairman of Military Commission of Uganda
       President of Uganda
       -List of Presidents of Uganda:-Affiliations:-See also:*Uganda*Vice President of Uganda*Prime Minister of Uganda*Politics of Uganda*History of Uganda*Political parties of Uganda...
       
        (1980)
    3. Presidential Commission
       Presidential Commission of Uganda
       The Presidential Commission of Uganda held the office of President of Uganda between 22 May and 15 December 1980. It was composed as follows:* Saulo Musoke* Polycarp Nyamuchoncho* Yoweri Hunter Wacha-Olwol-See also:*Uganda...
       
       , President of Uganda
       President of Uganda
       -List of Presidents of Uganda:-Affiliations:-See also:*Uganda*Vice President of Uganda*Prime Minister of Uganda*Politics of Uganda*History of Uganda*Political parties of Uganda...
       
        (1980)
    4. Milton Obote
       Milton Obote
       Apolo Milton Obote , Prime Minister of Uganda from 1962 to 1966 and President of Uganda from 1966 to 1971, then again from 1980 to 1985. He was a Ugandan political leader who led Uganda towards independence from the British colonial administration in 1962.He was overthrown by Idi Amin in 1971, but...
       
       , President of Uganda
       President of Uganda
       -List of Presidents of Uganda:-Affiliations:-See also:*Uganda*Vice President of Uganda*Prime Minister of Uganda*Politics of Uganda*History of Uganda*Political parties of Uganda...
       
        (1980–1985)
  • Prime Minister - Otema Alimadi, Prime Minister of Uganda
    Prime Minister of Uganda
    -List of Prime Ministers of Uganda:-Affiliations:-See also:*Uganda*President of Uganda*Vice President of Uganda*Politics of Uganda*History of Uganda*Political parties of Uganda...
    
     (1980–1985)
•  Republic of Upper Volta
  • Head of State -
    1. Sangoulé Lamizana
       Sangoulé Lamizana
       Major General Aboubakar Sangoulé Lamizana was the second president of Upper Volta , in power from January 3, 1966 to November 25, 1980...
       
       , President of Upper Volta (1966–1980)
    2. Saye Zerbo
       Saye Zerbo
       Colonel Saye Zerbo was a President of Upper Volta from 25 November 1980 to 7 November 1982. He led a coup in 1980, but was resisted by trade unions and was overthrown by Maj. Dr.Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo and the Council of Popular Salvation .Zerbo comes from Tougan in Sourou Province in the western...
       
       , President of the Military Committee of Recovery for National Progress of Upper Volta (1980–1982)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Joseph Conombo
       Joseph Conombo
       Joseph Issoufou Conombo served as Prime Minister of Upper Volta from 7 July 1978 to 25 November 1980...
       
       , Prime Minister of Upper Volta (1978–1980)
    2. Saye Zerbo
       Saye Zerbo
       Colonel Saye Zerbo was a President of Upper Volta from 25 November 1980 to 7 November 1982. He led a coup in 1980, but was resisted by trade unions and was overthrown by Maj. Dr.Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo and the Council of Popular Salvation .Zerbo comes from Tougan in Sourou Province in the western...
       
       , Prime Minister of Upper Volta (1980–1982)
•  Zaire
  • President - Mobutu Sese Seko
    Mobutu Sese Seko
    Mobutu Sese Seko Nkuku Ngbendu wa Za Banga , commonly known as Mobutu or Mobutu Sese Seko , born Joseph-Désiré Mobutu, was the President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1965 to 1997...
    
    , President of Zaire
    Heads of state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
    This is the list of the Heads of State of the Democratic Republic of the Congo since independence in 1960. The current head of state is President Joseph Kabila, since 26 January 2001.-Heads of State:-Affiliations:...
    
     (1965–1997)
  • Head of Government -
    1. Bo-Boliko Lokonga Monse Mihambo, First State Commissioner of Zaire (1979–1980)
    2. Jean Nguza Karl-i-Bond
       Jean Nguza Karl-i-Bond
       Jean Nguza Karl-i-Bond was a prominent Zairian politician.Born in Musumba, Lualaba District, a member of the Lunda tribe and a nephew of the Katangan leader, Moise Tshombe, Nguza was a pock-marked child who rose rapidly through government posts and gained the favour of President Mobutu Sese...
       
       , First State Commissioner of Zaire (1980–1981)
•  Zambia
  • President - Kenneth Kaunda
    Kenneth Kaunda
    Kenneth David Kaunda, known as KK, served as the first President of Zambia, from 1964 to 1991.-Early life:Kaunda was the youngest of eight children. He was born at Lubwa Mission in Chinsali, Northern Province of Northern Rhodesia, now Zambia...
    
    , President of Zambia (1964–1991)
  • Prime Minister - Daniel Lisulo
    Daniel Lisulo
    Daniel Muchiwa Lisulo was the Prime Minister of Zambia from June 1978 until February 1981. Born in Mongu, Zambia, Lisulo married Mary Mambo in 1967; she died in 1976, leaving Lisulo with two daughters. Lisulo served as the director of the Bank of Zambia from 1964 to 1977 before becoming Prime...
    
    , Prime Minister of Zambia
    Prime Minister of Zambia
    -Prime Ministers of Zambia :-External links:*...
    
     (1978–1981)  Zimbabwe
  • Southern Rhodesia
    Southern Rhodesia
    Southern Rhodesia was the name of the British colony situated north of the Limpopo River and the Union of South Africa. From its independence in 1965 until its extinction in 1980, it was known as Rhodesia...
    
     gained independence on 18 April 1980
  • Governor - Christopher Soames, Baron Soames
    Christopher Soames, Baron Soames
    Arthur Christopher John Soames, Baron Soames, GCMG, GCVO, CH, CBE, PC was a British politician belonging to the Conservative Party and the son-in-law of Winston Churchill. A European Commissioner and the last Governor of Southern Rhodesia, he had previously been the longtime Member of Parliament...
    
    , Governor of Southern Rhodesia (1979–1980)
  • President - Canaan Banana
    Canaan Banana
    Canaan Sodindo Banana served as the first President of Zimbabwe from 18 April 1980 until 31 December 1987. A Methodist minister, he held the largely ceremonial office of the presidency while his eventual successor, Robert Mugabe, served as Prime Minister of Zimbabwe.During his lifetime, Banana...
    
    , President of Zimbabwe (1980–1987)
  • Prime Minister - Robert Mugabe
    Robert Mugabe
    Robert Gabriel Mugabe is the President of Zimbabwe. As one of the leaders of the liberation movement against white-minority rule, he was elected into power in 1980...
    
    , Prime Minister of Zimbabwe
    Prime Minister of Zimbabwe
    The Prime Minister of Zimbabwe is the head of government in Zimbabwe. From 1980 to 1987, Robert Mugabe was the first person to hold the position following independence from the United Kingdom. He took office when Rhodesia became the Republic of Zimbabwe on 18 April 1980...
    
     (1980–1987)

Asia

• • Communist Party Leader - Babrak Karmal
    Babrak Karmal
    Babrak Karmal was the third President of Afghanistan during the period of the communist Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. He is the best known of the Marxist leadership....
    
    , General Secretary of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
    People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
    The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan was a communist party established on the 1 January 1965. While a minority, the party helped former president of Afghanistan, Mohammed Daoud Khan, to overthrow his cousin, Mohammed Zahir Shah, and established Daoud's Republic of Afghanistan...
    
     (1979–1986)
  • Head of State - Babrak Karmal
    Babrak Karmal
    Babrak Karmal was the third President of Afghanistan during the period of the communist Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. He is the best known of the Marxist leadership....
    
    , Chairman of the Revolutionary Council of Afghanistan
    President of Afghanistan
    Afghanistan has only been a republic between 1973 and 1992 and from 2001 onwards. Before 1973, it was a monarchy that was governed by a variety of kings, emirs or shahs...
    
     (1979–1986)
  • Prime Minister - Babrak Karmal
    Babrak Karmal
    Babrak Karmal was the third President of Afghanistan during the period of the communist Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. He is the best known of the Marxist leadership....
    
    , Prime Minister of Afghanistan
    Prime Minister of Afghanistan
    The Prime Minister of Afghanistan is a currently defunct post in the Afghan Government.The position was created in 1927, and was appointed by the king, mostly as an advisor, until the end of the monarchy in 1973...
    
     (1979–1981)
•  Bahrain
  • Monarch - Sheikh Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa, Emir of Bahrain
    King of Bahrain
    The King of Bahrain ‎ is the monarch and head of state of Bahrain. Between 1783 and 1971, the Bahraini monarch held the title of Hakim, and, from 1971 until 2002, the title of Emir...
    
     (1961–1999)
  • Prime Minister - Sheikh Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa, Prime Minister of Bahrain
    Prime Minister of Bahrain
    In Bahrain, the Prime Minister is the head of government of the country. According to the Constitution of Bahrain, the Prime Minister is appointed directly by the King, and needs not be an elected member of the Council of Representatives....
    
     (1970–present)
•  Bangladesh
  • President - Ziaur Rahman
    Ziaur Rahman
    President Ziaur Rahman, Bir Uttam, was a Bangladeshi politician and general, who read the declaration of Independence of Bangladesh on March 26, 1971 on behalf of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. He later became the seventh President of Bangladesh from 1977 until 1981...
    
    , President of Bangladesh (1977–1981)
  • Prime Minister - Shah Azizur Rahman
    Shah Azizur Rahman
    Shah Azizur Rahman was a Bangladeshi politician who served as the Prime Minister of Bangladesh. However, he was the subject of considerable controversy for his collaboration with the Pakistan Army against the struggle to establish Bangladesh....
    
    , Prime Minister of Bangladesh
    Prime Minister of Bangladesh
    The Prime Minister of the People's Republic of Bangladesh is the Head of the Government of Bangladesh. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Jatiya Sangsad Parliament, to their political party and ultimately to the electorate...
    
     (1979–1982)
•  Bhutan
  • Monarch - Jigme Singye Wangchuck
    Jigme Singye Wangchuck
    Jigme Singye Wangchuck is the former King of Bhutan. He was the fourth Dragon King of Bhutan from 1972 until his abdication in favour of his eldest son, Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, in 2006...
    
    , King of Bhutan (1972–2006) (British protected state)
  • High Commissioner - Arthur Christopher Watson
    Arthur Christopher Watson
    Arthur Christopher Watson CMG, Watson was born in China, and educated at St Catharine's College, Cambridge. He was a British Civil Servant....
    
    , British High Commissioner in Brunei (1978–1984)
  • Monarch - Hassanal Bolkiah
    Hassanal Bolkiah
    General Haji Sir Hassan al-Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah GCB GCMG is the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam, the 29th Sultan of Brunei and the first Prime Minister of Brunei Darussalam...
    
    , Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
  • Chief Minister - Pengiran Dipa Negara Laila Diraja Pengiran Abdul Mumin, Chief Minister of Brunei (1972–1981)
•  Myanmar
  • President - Ne Win
    Ne Win
    Ne Win was Burmese a politician and military commander. He was Prime Minister of Burma from 1958 to 1960 and 1962 to 1974 and also head of state from 1962 to 1981...
    
    , President of Burma
    President of Burma
    The President of Burma is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, and leads the executive branch of the Burmese government, and heads the Cabinet of Burma. The president is elected by members of parliament, not by the general population. The Presidential...
    
     (1962–1981)
  • Prime Minister - Maung Maung Kha
    Maung Maung Kha
    Maung Maung Kha was the 8th Prime Minister of Myanmar between 1977 and 1988.Maung Maung Kha was born to Khin Tint and Chit Pe in Yangon. He enrolled in University of Rangoon in 1937 to study engineering but left school in the final year of studies to join the Burma Independence Army in 1941...
    
    , Prime Minister of Burma (1977–1988)
• '
  • De facto leader - Deng Xiaoping
    Deng Xiaoping
    Deng Xiaoping was a Chinese politician, statesman, and diplomat. As leader of the Communist Party of China, Deng was a reformer who led China towards a market economy...
    
     (late 1970s - early 1990s)
  • Communist Party Leader - Hua Guofeng
    Hua Guofeng
    Su Zhu, better known by the nom de guerre Hua Guofeng , was Mao Zedong's designated successor as the Paramount Leader of the Communist Party of China and the People's Republic of China. Upon Zhou Enlai's death in 1976, he succeeded Zhou as the second Premier of the People's Republic of China...
    
    , Chairman of the Communist Party of China
    Chairman of the Communist Party of China
    The Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was the head of the Communist Party of China . In 1982, it was succeeded by the General Secretary of the Central Committee.-History and functions:...
    
     (1976–1981)
  • De facto Head of State - Ye Jianying
    Ye Jianying
    Ye Jianying was a Chinese communist general and the chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress from 1978 to 1983.-Biography:...
    
    , Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China
    Chairmen of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
    The Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress is the chairman and/or speaker of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China, which is considered China's top legislative body...
    
     (1978–1983)
  • Premier -
    1. Hua Guofeng
       Hua Guofeng
       Su Zhu, better known by the nom de guerre Hua Guofeng , was Mao Zedong's designated successor as the Paramount Leader of the Communist Party of China and the People's Republic of China. Upon Zhou Enlai's death in 1976, he succeeded Zhou as the second Premier of the People's Republic of China...
       
       , Premier of the People's Republic of China
       Premier of the People's Republic of China
       The Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China , sometimes also referred to as the "Prime Minister" informally, is the Leader of the State Council of the People's Republic of China , who is the head of government and holds the highest-ranking of the Civil service of the...
       
        (1976–1980)
    2. Zhao Ziyang
       Zhao Ziyang
       Zhao Ziyang was a high-ranking politician in the People's Republic of China . He was the third Premier of the People's Republic of China from 1980 to 1987, and General Secretary of the Communist Party of China from 1987 to 1989....
       
       , Premier of the People's Republic of China
       Premier of the People's Republic of China
       The Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China , sometimes also referred to as the "Prime Minister" informally, is the Leader of the State Council of the People's Republic of China , who is the head of government and holds the highest-ranking of the Civil service of the...
       
        (1980–1987) (British crown colony
       Crown colony
       A Crown colony, also known in the 17th century as royal colony, was a type of colonial administration of the English and later British Empire....
       
       )
  • Governor - Sir Murray MacLehose
    Murray MacLehose, Baron MacLehose of Beoch
    Crawford Murray MacLehose, Baron MacLehose of Beoch, KT, GBE, KCMG, KCVO, DL was the 25th Governor of Hong Kong, from 1971 to 1982.-Early life and career:Murray MacLehose was born in Glasgow, Scotland in October 1917...
    
    , Governor of Hong Kong
    Governor of Hong Kong
    The Governor of Hong Kong was the head of the government of Hong Kong during British rule from 1843 to 1997. The governor's roles were defined in the Hong Kong Letters Patent and Royal Instructions...
    
     (1971–1982)
•  India
  • President - Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
    Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
    Neelam Sanjiva Reddy was the sixth President of India, serving from 1977 to 1982 and was the only person to be elected President of India unopposed....
    
    , President of India
    President of India
    The President of India is the head of state and first citizen of India, as well as the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces. President of India is also the formal head of all the three branches of Indian Democracy - Legislature, Executive and Judiciary...
    
     (1977–1982)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Charan Singh
       Choudhary Charan Singh
       Chaudhary Charan Singh was the fifth Prime Minister of the Republic of India, serving from 28 July 1979 until 14 January 1980.Born into a Jat family in 1902, Charan Singh entered politics as part of the Independence Movement...
       
       , Prime Minister of India
       Prime Minister of India
       The Prime Minister of India , as addressed to in the Constitution of India — Prime Minister for the Union, is the chief of government, head of the Council of Ministers and the leader of the majority party in parliament...
       
        (1979–1980)
    2. Indira Gandhi
       Indira Gandhi
       Indira Priyadarshini Gandhara was an Indian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of India for three consecutive terms and a fourth term . She was assassinated by Sikh extremists...
       
       , Prime Minister of India
       Prime Minister of India
       The Prime Minister of India , as addressed to in the Constitution of India — Prime Minister for the Union, is the chief of government, head of the Council of Ministers and the leader of the majority party in parliament...
       
        (1980–1984)
•  Indonesia
  • President - Suharto, President of Indonesia (1967–1998)
•  Iran
  • Supreme Leader - Ruhollah Khomeini
    Ruhollah Khomeini
    Grand Ayatollah Sayyed Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini was an Iranian religious leader and politician, and leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution which saw the overthrow of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the Shah of Iran...
    
    , Supreme Leader of Iran
    Supreme Leader of Iran
    The Supreme Leader of Iran is the highest ranking political and religious authority in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The post was established by the constitution in accordance with the concept of Guardianship of the Islamic Jurists...
    
     (1979–1989)
  • President - Abolhassan Banisadr
    Abolhassan Banisadr
    Abulhassan Banisadr is an Iranian politician, economist and human rights activist who served as the first President of Iran from 4 February 1980 after the 1979 Iranian Revolution and the abolition of the monarchy until his impeachment on 21 June 1981 by the Parliament of Iran...
    
    , President of Iran
    President of Iran
    The President of Iran is the highest popularly elected official in, and the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Iran; although subordinate to the Supreme Leader of Iran, who functions as the country's head of state...
    
     (1980–1981)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Council of Islamic revolution, Government of Iran (1979–1980)
    2. Mohammad-Ali Rajai, Prime Minister of Iran (1980–1981) Iraq
       Ba'athist Iraq
       The History of Iraq , referred to as Ba'athist Iraq, covers the period of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party's rule over Iraq. Ba'athist rule in Iraq first occurred briefly in 1963 under Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr until overthrown that same year. Ba'athism was restored to power five years later after...
       
       
  • President - Saddam Hussein
    Saddam Hussein
    Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti was the fifth President of Iraq, serving in this capacity from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003...
    
    , President of Iraq (1979–2003)
  • Prime Minister - Saddam Hussein
    Saddam Hussein
    Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti was the fifth President of Iraq, serving in this capacity from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003...
    
    , Prime Minister of Iraq (1979–1991)
•  Israel -
  • President - Yitzhak Navon
    Yitzhak Navon
    Yitzhak Navon is an Israeli politician, diplomat, and author. He served as the fifth President of Israel between 1978 and 1982 as a member of the center-left Alignment party...
    
    , President of Israel
    President of Israel
    The President of the State of Israel is the head of state of Israel. The position is largely an apolitical ceremonial figurehead role, with the real executive power lying in the hands of the Prime Minister. The current president is Shimon Peres who took office on 15 July 2007...
    
     (1978–1983)
  • Prime Minister - Menachem Begin
    Menachem Begin
    ' was a politician, founder of Likud and the sixth Prime Minister of the State of Israel. Before independence, he was the leader of the Zionist militant group Irgun, the Revisionist breakaway from the larger Jewish paramilitary organization Haganah. He proclaimed a revolt, on 1 February 1944,...
    
    , Prime Minister of Israel
    Prime Minister of Israel
    The Prime Minister of Israel is the head of the Israeli government and the most powerful political figure in Israel . The prime minister is the country's chief executive. The official residence of the prime minister, Beit Rosh Hamemshala is in Jerusalem...
    
     (1977–1983)
•  Japan
  • Monarch - Hirohito
    Hirohito
    , posthumously in Japan officially called Emperor Shōwa or , was the 124th Emperor of Japan according to the traditional order, reigning from December 25, 1926, until his death in 1989. Although better known outside of Japan by his personal name Hirohito, in Japan he is now referred to...
    
    , Emperor of Japan
    Emperor of Japan
    The Emperor of Japan is, according to the 1947 Constitution of Japan, "the symbol of the state and of the unity of the people." He is a ceremonial figurehead under a form of constitutional monarchy and is head of the Japanese Imperial Family with functions as head of state. He is also the highest...
    
     (1926–1989)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Masayoshi Ōhira
       Masayoshi Ohira
       was a Japanese politician and the 68th and 69th Prime Minister of Japan from December 7, 1978 to June 12, 1980. He is the most recent Japanese prime minister to die in office.He was born in present day Kan'onji, Kagawa and attended Hitotsubashi University....
       
       , Prime Minister of Japan
       Prime Minister of Japan
       The is the head of government of Japan. He is appointed by the Emperor of Japan after being designated by the Diet from among its members, and must enjoy the confidence of the House of Representatives to remain in office...
       
        (1978–1980)
    2. Zenko Suzuki
       Zenko Suzuki
       was a Japanese politician and the 70th Prime Minister of Japan from July 17, 1980 to November 27, 1982.Suzuki graduated from Tokyo University of Fisheries in 1935...
       
       , Prime Minister of Japan
       Prime Minister of Japan
       The is the head of government of Japan. He is appointed by the Emperor of Japan after being designated by the Diet from among its members, and must enjoy the confidence of the House of Representatives to remain in office...
       
        (1980–1982)
•  Jordan
  • Monarch - Hussein
    Hussein of Jordan
    Hussein bin Talal was the third King of Jordan from the abdication of his father, King Talal, in 1952, until his death. Hussein's rule extended through the Cold War and four decades of Arab-Israeli conflict...
    
    , King of Jordan (1952–1999)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Abdelhamid Sharaf
       Abdelhamid Sharaf
       Abdelhamid Sharaf , was prime minister of Jordan from December 1979 until his death of a heart attack after 7 months in office. He was previously ambassador to the U.S., Canada and the United Nations.-External links:*...
       
       , Prime Minister of Jordan (1979–1980)
    2. Kassim al-Rimawi
       Kassim al-Rimawi
       Kassim al-Rimawi , was prime minister of Jordan from July 3, 1980 · August 28, 1980 born in Beit Rima in Palestine.* On January 28, 1962 to October, 13 1962 - Minister of agriculture and construction....
       
       , Prime Minister of Jordan (1980)
    3. Mudar Badran
       Mudar Badran
       Mudar Seyyid Muhammad Badran is a retired Jordanian politician.Badran was born in Jerash, Jordan. He served as firstly as the secret service dirctor in the 1970's, which was when the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan was facing a civil war against the "Feda'eyn". He also served as a Minister of...
       
       , Prime Minister of Jordan (1980–1984) Kampuchea
       People's Republic of Kampuchea
       The People's Republic of Kampuchea , , was founded in Cambodia by the Salvation Front, a group of Cambodian leftists dissatisfied with the Khmer Rouge, after the overthrow of Democratic Kampuchea, Pol Pot's government...
       
       
  • Head of State - Heng Samrin
    Heng Samrin
    Heng Samrin is a Cambodian politician. He was the chairman of the People's Republic of Kampuchea and the State of Cambodia , and later vice chairman and chairman of the National Assembly of Cambodia since 2006....
    
    , Chairman of the Council of State of Kampuchea (1979–1992)
• '
  • Communist Party Leader - Kim Il-sung
    Kim Il-sung
    Kim Il-sung was a Korean communist politician who led the Democratic People's Republic of Korea from its founding in 1948 until his death in 1994. He held the posts of Prime Minister from 1948 to 1972 and President from 1972 to his death...
    
    , General Secretary of the Korean Workers' Party
    Workers' Party of Korea
    The Workers' Party of Korea is the ruling Communist party of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea , commonly known as North Korea. It is also called the Korean Workers' Party...
    
     (1948–1994)
  • President - Kim Il-sung
    Kim Il-sung
    Kim Il-sung was a Korean communist politician who led the Democratic People's Republic of Korea from its founding in 1948 until his death in 1994. He held the posts of Prime Minister from 1948 to 1972 and President from 1972 to his death...
    
    , President of North Korea
    President of North Korea
    The President of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea was established in the Constitution of North Korea, 1972. Until then, Kim Il-sung, the ruler of North Korea, used the posts Premier and General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea...
    
     (1972–1994)
  • Premier - Li Jong-ok
    Li Jong-ok
    Li Jong-ok was the Premier of North Korea from 1977 to 1984. He succeeded Park Sung-chul.-See also:* List of Korea-related topics...
    
    , Premier of North Korea (1977–1984)
• '
  • President -
    1. Choi Kyu-hah, President of South Korea
       President of South Korea
       The President of the Republic of Korea is, according to the Constitution of the Republic of Korea, chief executive of the government, commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and the head of state of the Republic of Korea...
       
        (1979–1980)
    2. Park Choong Hoon, Acting President of South Korea
       President of South Korea
       The President of the Republic of Korea is, according to the Constitution of the Republic of Korea, chief executive of the government, commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and the head of state of the Republic of Korea...
       
        (1980)
    3. Chun Doo-hwan
       Chun Doo-hwan
       Chun Doo-hwan was a ROK Army general and the President of South Korea from 1980 to 1988. Chun was sentenced to death in 1996 for his heavy-handed response to the Gwangju Democratization Movement, but later pardoned by President Kim Young-sam with the advice of then President-elect Kim Dae-jung,...
       
       , President of South Korea
       President of South Korea
       The President of the Republic of Korea is, according to the Constitution of the Republic of Korea, chief executive of the government, commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and the head of state of the Republic of Korea...
       
        (1980–1988)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Shin Hyun-hwak, Prime Minister of South Korea
       Prime Minister of South Korea
       The Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea is appointed by the President with the National Assembly's approval. Unlike prime ministers in the parliamentary system, the Prime Minister of South Korea is not required to be a member of parliament....
       
        (1979–1980)
    2. Pak Choong-hoon, Acting Prime Minister of South Korea
       Prime Minister of South Korea
       The Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea is appointed by the President with the National Assembly's approval. Unlike prime ministers in the parliamentary system, the Prime Minister of South Korea is not required to be a member of parliament....
       
        (1980)
    3. Nam Duck-woo, Prime Minister of South Korea
       Prime Minister of South Korea
       The Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea is appointed by the President with the National Assembly's approval. Unlike prime ministers in the parliamentary system, the Prime Minister of South Korea is not required to be a member of parliament....
       
        (1980–1982)
•  Kuwait
  • Monarch - Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
    Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
    Jaber III al-Ahmad al-Jaber al-Sabah, GCB , GCMG of the al-Sabah dynasty, was the Emir and thirteenth Sheikh of Kuwait, serving from December 31, 1977 until his death on January 15, 2006...
    
    , Emir of Kuwait (1977–2006)
  • Prime Minister - Sheikh Saad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah
    Saad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah
    Sheikh Saad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah, KCMG was the Emir of Kuwait during a short reign of nine days , succeeding the late Sheikh Jaber....
    
    , Prime Minister of Kuwait (1978–2003)
•  Laos
  • Communist Party Leader - Kaysone Phomvihane
    Kaysone Phomvihane
    Kaysone Phomvihane was the leader of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party from 1955, though Souphanouvong served in a figurehead role...
    
    , General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party
    Lao People's Revolutionary Party
    The Lao People's Revolutionary Party is a communist political party that has governed Laos since 1975. The policy-making organs are the politburo and the central committee. A party congress, which elects members to the politburo and central committee, is held every five years...
    
     (1975–1992)
  • President - Souphanouvong
    Souphanouvong
    Prince Souphanouvong was, along with his half-brother Prince Souvanna Phouma and Prince Boun Oum of Champasak, one of the “Three Princes” who represented respectively the communist , neutralist, and royalist political factions in Laos...
    
    , President of Laos
    President of Laos
    The President of Laos is the head of state of the People's Democratic Republic of Laos.The office of the President was created in 1975, after the takeover of the country by the Pathet Lao, which abolished the monarchy. A member of the deposed royal family, Prince Souphanouvong, was the first...
    
     (1975–1991)
  • Premier - Kaysone Phomvihane
    Kaysone Phomvihane
    Kaysone Phomvihane was the leader of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party from 1955, though Souphanouvong served in a figurehead role...
    
    , Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Laos
    Prime Minister of Laos
    The Prime Minister of Laos is the head of government of the People's Democratic Republic of Laos.-Prime Ministers:-Trivia:Between December 1959 to December 1960, Laos had 6 different Prime Ministers, after being ousted by 6 different political coups....
    
     (1975–1991)
•  Lebanon
  • President - Elias Sarkis
    Elias Sarkis
    Elias Sarkis was the President of the Lebanese Republic from 1976 to 1982.-Early career:Born in Shabbaniah, Sarkis graduated with a Law degree from Saint Joseph University in 1948. After joining the judicial corps in 1953, he became a judge with the Accounting Department...
    
    , President of Lebanon (1976–1982)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Selim al-Hoss
       Selim al-Hoss
       Selim Ahmed El-Hoss is a veteran Lebanese politician. He was a Prime Minister of Lebanon and a longtime Member of Parliament representing his hometown, Beirut.-Education:...
       
       , Prime Minister of Lebanon (1976–1980)
    2. Takieddin el-Solh
       Takieddin el-Solh
       Takieddin el-Solh was a Lebanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Lebanon from 1973-74, and again briefly in 1980....
       
       , Prime Minister of Lebanon (1980)
    3. Shafik Wazzan
       Shafik Wazzan
       Shafik Dib al-Wazzan was the Prime Minister of Lebanon from 1980 until 1984. In December 1991, Wazzan was wounded when a car bomb exploded in the Beirut neighborhood of Basta as he was passing through in an armored car....
       
       , Prime Minister of Lebanon (1980–1984) Macau
       Macau
       Macau , also spelled Macao , is, along with Hong Kong, one of the two special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China...
       
        (overseas province of Portugal)
  • Governor - Melo Egídio, Governor of Macau
    Governor of Macau
    The Governor of Macau was a Portuguese colonial official who headed the colony of Macau, before 1623 called Captain-major . The post was replaced on December 20, 1999 upon the transfer of administration to the People's Republic of China by the office of the Chief Executive of the Macau Special...
    
     (1979–1981)
•  Malaysia
  • Monarch - Sultan Ahmad Shah, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia
    Yang di-Pertuan Agong
    The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is the head of state of Malaysia. The office was established in 1957 when the Federation of Malaya gained independence....
    
     (1979–1984)
  • Prime Minister - Hussein Onn
    Hussein Onn
    Tun Hussein bin Dato' Onn who is of 3/4 Malay and 1/4 Circassian ancestry was the third Prime Minister of Malaysia, ruling from 1976 to 1981. He was granted the soubriquet Bapa Perpaduan...
    
    , Prime Minister of Malaysia
    Prime Minister of Malaysia
    The Prime Minister of Malaysia is the indirectly elected head of government of Malaysia. He is officially appointed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the head of state, who in HM's judgment is likely to command the confidence of the majority of the members of that House of Representatives , the...
    
     (1976–1981)
•  Maldives
  • President - Maumoon Abdul Gayoom
    Maumoon Abdul Gayoom
    Maumoon Abdul Gayoom was President of the Maldives from 1978 to 2008. After serving as Minister of Transport, he was nominated as President by the Majlis of the Maldives and succeeded Ibrahim Nasir on November 11, 1978. He eventually became the longest-ruling head of government in Asia...
    
    , President of Maldives (1978–2008) Mongolia
  • Communist Party Leader - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, General secretary of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party
    Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party
    The Mongolian People's Party formerly the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party is an ex-communist political party in Mongolia. The party is abbreviated MPP in English and ' in Mongolian...
    
     (1958–1984)
  • Head of State - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Hural of Mongolia
    President of Mongolia
    The President of Mongolia is the head of state of Mongolia. The Constitution of Mongolia implements a parliamentary system, so while much of the President's role is ceremonial, he or she does wield significant political power.-Election:...
    
     (1974–1984)
  • Premier - Jambyn Batmönkh, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Mongolia
    Prime Minister of Mongolia
    The Prime Minister of Mongolia is the highest member of the Mongolian government's executive arm, and heads the Mongolian cabinet. The Prime Minister is appointed by Parliament, and can be removed by a vote of no confidence.-Powers:...
    
     (1974–1984) Nepal
  • Monarch - Birendra, King of Nepal (1972–2001)
  • Prime Minister - Surya Bahadur Thapa
    Surya Bahadur Thapa
    Surya Bahadur Thapa has been Prime Minister of Nepal five times, under three different kings, in a political career lasting nearly 50 years. His terms were 1963-64, 1965–69, 1979–83, 1997–98 and 2003-04....
    
    , Prime Minister of Nepal (1979–1983)
•  Oman
  • Monarch - Qaboos bin Said al Said, Sultan of Oman
    Sultan of Oman
    -List of Imams :-Nabhan Dynasty :-Ya'ariba Dynasty :-Banu Ghafir Dynasty :-Ya'ariba Dynasty :-Al Said Dynasty :-See also:...
    
     (1970–present)
  • Prime Minister - Qaboos bin Said al Said, Prime Minister of Oman (1972–present)
•  Pakistan
  • President - Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
    Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
    General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq , was the 4th Chief Martial Law Administrator and the sixth President of Pakistan from July 1977 to his death in August 1988...
    
    , President of Pakistan
    President of Pakistan
    The President of Pakistan is the head of state, as well as figurehead, of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Recently passed an XVIII Amendment , Pakistan has a parliamentary democratic system of government. According to the Constitution, the President is chosen by the Electoral College to serve a...
    
     (1978–1988)
  • Head of Government - Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
    Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
    General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq , was the 4th Chief Martial Law Administrator and the sixth President of Pakistan from July 1977 to his death in August 1988...
    
    , Chief Martial Law Administrator of Pakistan
    Prime Minister of Pakistan
    The Prime Minister of Pakistan , is the Head of Government of Pakistan who is designated to exercise as the country's Chief Executive. By the Constitution of Pakistan, Pakistan has the parliamentary democratic system of government...
    
     (1977–1985)
•  Philippines
  • President - Ferdinand Marcos
    Ferdinand Marcos
    Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos, Sr. was a Filipino leader and an authoritarian President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. He was a lawyer, member of the Philippine House of Representatives and a member of the Philippine Senate...
    
    , President of the Philippines (1965–1986)
  • Prime Minister - Ferdinand Marcos
    Ferdinand Marcos
    Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos, Sr. was a Filipino leader and an authoritarian President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. He was a lawyer, member of the Philippine House of Representatives and a member of the Philippine Senate...
    
    , Prime Minister of the Philippines
    Prime Minister of the Philippines
    The Prime Minister of the Philippines was the official designation of the head of the government of the Philippines from 1978 until People Power Revolution in 1986...
    
     (1978–1981)
•  Qatar
  • Monarch - Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani
    Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani
    Emir Shaikh Khalifa bin Hamad bin Abdullah bin Jassim bin Muhammed Al Thani GCB GCMG was the Emir of Qatar from 1972 until he was deposed by his son Hamad bin Khalifa in 1995....
    
    , Emir of Qatar (1972–1995)
  • Prime Minister - Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani
    Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani
    Emir Shaikh Khalifa bin Hamad bin Abdullah bin Jassim bin Muhammed Al Thani GCB GCMG was the Emir of Qatar from 1972 until he was deposed by his son Hamad bin Khalifa in 1995....
    
    , Prime Minister of Qatar (1970–1995)
•  Saudi Arabia
  • Monarch - Khalid
    Khalid of Saudi Arabia
    Khalid bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud was King of Saudi Arabia from 1975 to 1982. He ruled during Saudi Arabia's oil boom years. In 1979, he had to deal with the Grand Mosque Seizure...
    
    , King of Saudi Arabia (1975–1982)
  • Prime Minister - Khalid
    Khalid of Saudi Arabia
    Khalid bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud was King of Saudi Arabia from 1975 to 1982. He ruled during Saudi Arabia's oil boom years. In 1979, he had to deal with the Grand Mosque Seizure...
    
    , Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
    Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
    The Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia is formally the Head of government under the Malik , the rather absolute Head of State of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia.-History:...
    
     (1975–1982)
•  Singapore
  • President - Benjamin Henry Sheares
    Benjamin Henry Sheares
    Benjamin Henry Sheares, GCB , was the second President of Singapore.-Early life:Sheares was born the second of six children in Singapore to a Eurasian family with an English lineage. His father Edwin H. Sheares, a technical supervisor of the Public Works Department, was born in England and raised...
    
    , President of Singapore
    President of Singapore
    The President of the Republic of Singapore is Singapore's head of state. In a Westminster parliamentary system, as which Singapore governs itself, the prime minister is the head of the government while the position of president is largely ceremonial. Before 1993, the President of Singapore was...
    
     (1971–1981)
  • Prime Minister - Lee Kuan Yew
    Lee Kuan Yew
    Lee Kuan Yew, GCMG, CH is a Singaporean statesman. He was the first Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore, governing for three decades...
    
    , Prime Minister of Singapore
    Prime Minister of Singapore
    The Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore is the head of the government of the Republic of Singapore. The President of Singapore appoints as Prime Minister a Member of Parliament who, in his opinion, is most likely to command the confidence of a majority of MPs.The office of Prime Minister...
    
     (1959–1990)
•  Sri Lanka
  • President - Junius Richard Jayewardene
    Junius Richard Jayewardene
    Junius Richard Jayewardene , famously abbreviated in Sri Lanka as JR, was the first executive President of Sri Lanka, serving from 1978 till 1989. He was a leader of the nationalist movement in Ceylon who served in a variety of cabinet positions in the decades following independence...
    
    , President of Sri Lanka
    President of Sri Lanka
    The President of Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is the elected head of state and the head of government. The President is a dominant political figure in Sri Lanka. The office was created in 1978 but has grown so powerful there have been calls to restrict or even eliminate its power...
    
     (1978–1989)
  • Prime Minister - Ranasinghe Premadasa
    Ranasinghe Premadasa
    Ranasinghe Premadasa was the 3rd President of Sri Lanka from January 2, 1989 to May 1, 1993. Before that, he served as the Prime Minister in the government headed by J. R. Jayewardene from February 6, 1978 to January 1, 1989...
    
    , Prime Minister of Sri Lanka
    Prime Minister of Sri Lanka
    The Prime Minister of Sri Lanka is the functional head of the Cabinet of Sri Lanka. However, the President is both head of state and head of government in Sri Lanka...
    
     (1978–1989)
•  Syria
  • President - Hafez al-Assad
    Hafez al-Assad
    Hafez ibn 'Ali ibn Sulayman al-Assad or more commonly Hafez al-Assad was the President of Syria for three decades. Assad's rule consolidated the power of the central government after decades of coups and counter-coups, such as Operation Wappen in 1957 conducted by the Eisenhower administration and...
    
    , President of Syria (1971–2000)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Muhammad Ali al-Halabi, Prime Minister of Syria (1978–1980)
    2. Abdul Rauf al-Kasm
       Abdul Rauf al-Kasm
       Dr. Abdul Rauf al-Kasm is a Syrian architect and professor of architecture at Damascus University. He served as Prime Minister of Syria from January 9, 1980, to November 1, 1987 under the presidency of Hafez Al-Asad. After leaving office, he served as a senior consultant for national...
       
       , Prime Minister of Syria (1980–1987)
• '
  • President - Chiang Ching-kuo
    Chiang Ching-kuo
    Chiang Ching-kuo , Kuomintang politician and leader, was the son of President Chiang Kai-shek and held numerous posts in the government of the Republic of China...
    
    , President of the Republic of China
    President of the Republic of China
    The President of the Republic of China is the head of state and commander-in-chief of the Republic of China . The Republic of China was founded on January 1, 1912, to govern all of China...
    
     (1978–1988)
  • Premier - Sun Yun-suan
    Sun Yun-suan
    Sun Yun-suan was a Chinese engineer and politician. As minister of economic affairs from 1969 to 1978 and Premier of the Republic of China from 1978 to 1984, he was credited for overseeing the transformation of Taiwan from being a mainly agricultural economy to an export powerhouse.-Early life...
    
    , President of the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China
    Premier of the Republic of China
    The President of the Executive Yuan , commonly known as the Premier of the Republic of China , is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China , which currently administers Taiwan, Matsu, and Kinmen. The premier is appointed by the President of the Republic of China...
    
     (1978–1984)
•  Thailand
  • Monarch - Bhumibol Adulyadej
    Bhumibol Adulyadej
    Bhumibol Adulyadej is the current King of Thailand. He is known as Rama IX...
    
    , King of Thailand (1946–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Kriangsak Chomanan
       Kriangsak Chomanan
       General Kriangsak Chomanan served as prime minister of Thailand from 1977 to 1980.A professional soldier, General Kriangsak fought against the communists in both the Korean War and the Vietnam War...
       
       , Prime Minister of Thailand
       Prime Minister of Thailand
       The Prime Minister of Thailand is the head of government of Thailand. The Prime Minister is also the chairman of the Cabinet of Thailand. The post has existed since the Revolution of 1932, when the country became a constitutional monarchy....
       
        (1977–1980)
    2. Prem Tinsulanonda
       Prem Tinsulanonda
       General Prem Tinsulanonda is a retired Thai military officer who served as Prime Minister of Thailand from March 3, 1980 to August 4, 1988. He now serves as the Head of the Privy Council of the King of Thailand, Bhumibol Adulyadej....
       
       , Prime Minister of Thailand
       Prime Minister of Thailand
       The Prime Minister of Thailand is the head of government of Thailand. The Prime Minister is also the chairman of the Cabinet of Thailand. The post has existed since the Revolution of 1932, when the country became a constitutional monarchy....
       
        (1980–1988)
•  Turkey
  • President -
    1. Fahri Korutürk
       Fahri Koruturk
       Fahri Sabit Korutürk was a Turkish navy officer, diplomat and the sixth President of Turkey.-Biography:He was born in Istanbul, at Soğukçeşme Sokağı, a small street between Topkapı Palace and Hagia Sophia. He attended the navy cadet school in 1916, was graduated in 1923 and from the Naval Academy...
       
       , President of Turkey (1973–1980)
    2. İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil
       Ihsan Sabri Çaglayangil
       İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil was a Turkish politician. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Turkey for three terms; 1965-1971, 1975-1977, and 1977-1978. Caglayangil was Chairman of the Senate from November 7, 1979 to September 12, 1980. He was a member of the Justice Party .-Biography:He was...
       
       , Acting President of Turkey (1980)
    3. Kenan Evren
       Kenan Evren
       Ahmet Kenan Evren was the seventh President of Turkey; a post he assumed by leading the 1980 military coup. He was also the last president to be born in the Ottoman Empire.- Biography :...
       
       , President of Turkey (1980–1989)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Süleyman Demirel
       Süleyman Demirel
       Sami Süleyman Gündoğdu Demirel, better known as Süleyman Demirel , is a Turkish politician who served as Prime Minister seven times and was the ninth President of Turkey.-Life:Demirel was born in İslamköy, a town in Isparta Province...
       
       , Prime Minister of Turkey
       Prime Minister of Turkey
       The Prime Minister of the Turkey is the head of government in Turkish politics. The prime minister is the leader of a political coalition in the Turkish parliament and the leader of the cabinet....
       
        (1979–1980)
    2. Bülend Ulusu
       Bülend Ulusu
       Saim Bülend Ulusu was a Turkish admiral who was Prime Minister of Turkey from the time of the September 12, 1980 military coup to the time that elections were allowed in 1983.-Biography:...
       
       , Prime Minister of Turkey
       Prime Minister of Turkey
       The Prime Minister of the Turkey is the head of government in Turkish politics. The prime minister is the leader of a political coalition in the Turkish parliament and the leader of the cabinet....
       
        (1980–1983)
•  United Arab Emirates
  • President - Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates
    President of the United Arab Emirates
    The President is the Head of State of the United Arab Emirates. Because the current ruler of Abu Dhabi customarily also holds the presidency of the UAE, the office is de facto hereditary. The President is also Supreme Commander of the UAE Armed Forces and Chairman of the Supreme Council and...
    
     (1971–2004)
  • Prime Minister - Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum
    Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum
    HH The Emir Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum was the Vice-President and Prime Minister of United Arab Emirates and Emir of Dubai...
    
    , Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (1979–1990)
•  Vietnam
  • Communist Party Leader - Lê Duẩn, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam
    General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam
    The General Secretary is the leader of the Communist Party of Vietnam. The activities of Politburo and Secretariat are directed by the General Secretary. The post holder also maintains the top position in the Party's Central Military Commission, which is considered the supreme military...
    
     (1960–1986)
  • President -
    1. Tôn Đức Thắng, President of Vietnam
       President of Vietnam
       The President of Vietnam is the head of state of Vietnam, although the functions of the President are often ceremonial...
       
        (1976–1980)
    2. Nguyễn Hữu Thọ, Acting President of Vietnam
       President of Vietnam
       The President of Vietnam is the head of state of Vietnam, although the functions of the President are often ceremonial...
       
        (1980–1981)
  • Premier - Phạm Văn Đồng, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Vietnam
    Prime Minister of Vietnam
    -Office:The Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is the head of the executive branch of the Vietnamese government. The Prime Minister presides over the Vietnamese cabinet, and is responsible for appointing and supervising ministers...
    
     (1955–1987)
• '
  • President - Ali Abdullah Saleh
    Ali Abdullah Saleh
    Field Marshal Ali Abdullah Saleh is the first President of the Republic of Yemen. Saleh previously served as President of the Yemen Arab Republic from 1978 until 1990, at which time he assumed the office of chairman of the Presidential Council of a post-unification Yemen. He is the...
    
    , President of North Yemen (1978–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani
       Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani
       Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani was a Yemeni politician who served as Prime Minister of Yemen from 1994 to 1997, under President Ali Abdullah Saleh. Ghani was a member of the General People's Congress party....
       
       , Prime Minister of North Yemen (1975–1980)
    2. Abd al-Karim al-Iryani, Prime Minister of North Yemen (1980–1983)
• '
  • Communist Party Leader -
    1. Abdul Fattah Ismail
       Abdul Fattah Ismail
       Abd al-Fattah Ismail Ali Al-Jawfi was the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Council, head of state of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, and founder, chief ideologue, and first leader of the Yemeni Socialist Party from 21 December 1978 to 21 April 1980.Born in July 1939 in...
       
       , Secretary-General of the Yemeni Socialist Party
       Yemeni Socialist Party
       The Yemeni Socialist Party is a political party in Yemen.It was the ruling party in South Yemen, the only Marxist Arab state, before unification in 1990...
       
        (1978–1980)
    2. Ali Nasir Muhammad
       Ali Nasir Muhammad
       Ali Nasir Muhammad Husani was twice president of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen. He served as Chairman of the Presidential Council from 26 June 1978 - 27 December 1978. In April 1980, South Yemeni president Abdul Fattah Ismail resigned and went into exile...
       
       , Secretary-General of the Yemeni Socialist Party
       Yemeni Socialist Party
       The Yemeni Socialist Party is a political party in Yemen.It was the ruling party in South Yemen, the only Marxist Arab state, before unification in 1990...
       
        (1980–1986)
  • Head of State -
    1. Abdul Fattah Ismail
       Abdul Fattah Ismail
       Abd al-Fattah Ismail Ali Al-Jawfi was the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Council, head of state of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, and founder, chief ideologue, and first leader of the Yemeni Socialist Party from 21 December 1978 to 21 April 1980.Born in July 1939 in...
       
       , Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Council of South Yemen (1978–1980)
    2. Ali Nasir Muhammad
       Ali Nasir Muhammad
       Ali Nasir Muhammad Husani was twice president of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen. He served as Chairman of the Presidential Council from 26 June 1978 - 27 December 1978. In April 1980, South Yemeni president Abdul Fattah Ismail resigned and went into exile...
       
       , Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Council of South Yemen (1980–1986)
  • Prime Minister - Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas
    Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas
    Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas was appointed Prime Minister of Yemen by President Ali Abdullah Saleh when the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen and Yemen Arab Republic united in 1990 to form present-day Yemen. Al-Attas served until 1994...
    
    , Prime Minister of South Yemen (1971–1986)

Europe

• • Communist Party Leader - Enver Hoxha
    Enver Hoxha
    Enver Halil Hoxha was a Marxist–Leninist revolutionary andthe leader of Albania from the end of World War II until his death in 1985, as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania...
    
    , First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1944–1985)
  • Head of State - Haxhi Lleshi
    Haxhi Lleshi
    Haxhi Lleshi was an Albanian military leader and communist politician.Lleshi was one of the top commanders in Albania's fight against the Italians and Germans during World War II and is still considered by some to be a hero in Albania for his actions during the war...
    
    , Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1953–1982)
  • Premier - Mehmet Shehu
    Mehmet Shehu
    Mehmet Ismail Shehu was an Albanian communist politician who served as premier of Albania from 1954 to 1981...
    
    , Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1954–1981)
•  Andorra
  • Monarchs -
    • French Co-Prince - Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
      Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
      Valéry Marie René Georges Giscard d'Estaing is a French centre-right politician who was President of the French Republic from 1974 until 1981...
      
      , French Co-Prince of Andorra (1974–1981)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince - Joan Martí i Alanis, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1971–2003)
  • First Syndic - Estanislau Sangrà Font, First Syndic of Andorra (1978–1982)
•  Austria
  • President - Rudolf Kirchschläger
    Rudolf Kirchschläger
    Rudolf Kirchschläger was an Austrian diplomat, politician, judge and, from 1974 to 1986, the eighth President of Austria.-Education and early life:...
    
    , Federal President of Austria
    President of Austria
    The President of Austria is the federal head of state of Austria. Though theoretically entrusted with great power by the constitution, in practice the President acts, for the most part, merely as a ceremonial figurehead...
    
     (1974–1986)
  • Chancellor - Bruno Kreisky
    Bruno Kreisky
    Bruno Kreisky was an Austrian politician who served as Foreign Minister from 1959 to 1966 and as Chancellor from 1970 to 1983. Aged 72 at the end of his chancellorship, he was the oldest acting Chancellor after World War II....
    
    , Federal Chancellor of Austria
    Chancellor of Austria
    The Federal Chancellor is the head of government in Austria. Its deputy is the Vice-Chancellor. Before 1918, the equivalent office was the Minister-President of Austria. The Federal Chancellor is considered to be the most powerful political position in Austrian politics.-Appointment:The...
    
     (1970–1983)
•  Belgium
  • Monarch - Baudouin I, King of the Belgians (1951–1993)
  • Prime Minister - Wilfried Martens
    Wilfried Martens
    Wilfried Martens is a Belgian politician. He was born in Sleidinge . Martens was the 44th Prime Minister of Belgium from 3 April 1979 to 6 April 1981 and 17 December 1981 to 7 March 1992....
    
    , Prime Minister of Belgium (1979–1981) Bulgaria
  • Communist Party Leader - Todor Zhivkov
    Todor Zhivkov
    Todor Khristov Zhivkov was a communist politician and leader of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from March 4, 1954 until November 10, 1989....
    
    , General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party
    Bulgarian Communist Party
    The Bulgarian Communist Party was the communist and Marxist-Leninist ruling party of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from 1946 until 1990 when the country ceased to be a communist state...
    
     (1954–1989)
  • Head of State - Todor Zhivkov
    Todor Zhivkov
    Todor Khristov Zhivkov was a communist politician and leader of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from March 4, 1954 until November 10, 1989....
    
    , Chairman of the Council of State of Bulgaria (1971–1989)
  • Premier - Stanko Todorov
    Stanko Todorov
    Stanko Todorov Georgiev was a Bulgarian communist politician.Todorov was born in Pernik Province. Before and during World War II he was a worker. He became interested in communism, and joined the underground Bulgarian Communist Party in 1943...
    
    , Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1971–1981)
•  Cyprus
  • President - Spyros Kyprianou
    Spyros Kyprianou
    Spyros Achilleos Kyprianou was one of the most prominent politicians of modern Cyprus. He served as the second President of the Republic of Cyprus from 1977 to 1988....
    
    , President of Cyprus (1977–1988)
  •   Northern Cyprus (invaded by Turkey)
    • President - Rauf Denktaş
      Rauf Denktas
      Rauf Raif Denktaş is the founder and the first president of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus , a de facto state which is only recognized by Turkey...
      
      , President of Northern Cyprus
      President of Northern Cyprus
      The President of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is the head of state of the TRNC. Rauf Denktaş was the first and founder president of TRNC, and retired in 2005. His position was taken over by Mehmet Ali Talat, followed by the current president, Derviş Eroğlu.In the Turkish Republic of...
      
       (1975–2005)
    • Prime Minister - Mustafa Çağatay
      Mustafa Çağatay
      Mustafa Çağatay was a former prime minister of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. He held this office during a short period from 1978 to 1983. He was born in Limassol in 1937 and died on April 3, 1984.-References:...
      
      , Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus
      Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus
      The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President is head of state and the Prime Minister head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative...
      
       (1978–1985) Czechoslovakia
      Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
      The Czechoslovak Socialist Republic was the official name of Czechoslovakia from 1960 until end of 1989 , a Soviet satellite state of the Eastern Bloc....
      
      
  • Communist Party Leader - Gustáv Husák
    Gustáv Husák
    Gustáv Husák was a Slovak politician, president of Czechoslovakia and a long-term Communist leader of Czechoslovakia and of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia...
    
    , General Secretary of the Communisty Party of Czechoslovakia
    Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
    The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, in Czech and in Slovak: Komunistická strana Československa was a Communist and Marxist-Leninist political party in Czechoslovakia that existed between 1921 and 1992....
    
     (1969–1987)
  • President - Gustáv Husák
    Gustáv Husák
    Gustáv Husák was a Slovak politician, president of Czechoslovakia and a long-term Communist leader of Czechoslovakia and of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia...
    
    , President of Czechoslovakia (1975–1989)
  • Prime Minister - Lubomír Štrougal
    Lubomír Štrougal
    Lubomír Štrougal is a former Czech politician and communist Czechoslovakia prime minister.After serving in Germany’s industry during the World War II he finished the law studies at the Charles University in Prague...
    
    , Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1970–1988) Denmark
    Kingdom of Denmark
    The Kingdom of Denmark or the Danish Realm , is a constitutional monarchy and sovereign state consisting of Denmark proper in northern Europe and two autonomous constituent countries, the Faroe Islands in the North Atlantic and Greenland in North America. Denmark is the hegemonial part, where the...
    
    
  • Monarch - Margrethe II
    Margrethe II of Denmark
    Margrethe II is the Queen regnant of the Kingdom of Denmark. In 1972 she became the first female monarch of Denmark since Margaret I, ruler of the Scandinavian countries in 1375-1412 during the Kalmar Union.-Early life:...
    
    , Queen of Denmark (1972–present)
  • Prime Minister - Anker Jørgensen
    Anker Jørgensen
    Anker Jørgensen is a former Danish Prime Minister and Foreign Minister. He led or represented the Social Democratic Party for well over 30 years.-Early political and personal life:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Denmark
    Prime Minister of Denmark
    The Prime Minister of Denmark is the head of government in Danish politics. The Prime Minister is traditionally the leader of a political coalition in the Folketing and presides over the cabinet....
    
     (1975–1982)
•  Finland
  • President - Urho Kekkonen
    Urho Kekkonen
    Urho Kaleva Kekkonen , was a Finnish politician who served as Prime Minister of Finland and later as the eighth President of Finland . Kekkonen continued the “active neutrality” policy of his predecessor President Juho Kusti Paasikivi, a doctrine which came to be known as the “Paasikivi–Kekkonen...
    
    , President of Finland
    President of Finland
    The President of the Republic of Finland is the nation's head of state. Under the Finnish constitution, executive power is vested in the President and the government, with the President possessing extensive powers. The President is elected directly by the people of Finland for a term of six years....
    
     (1956–1981)
  • Prime Minister - Mauno Koivisto
    Mauno Koivisto
    Mauno Henrik Koivisto is a Finnish politician who served as the ninth President of Finland from 1982 to 1994. He also served as Prime Minister 1968–1970 and 1979–1982...
    
    , Prime Minister of Finland
    Prime Minister of Finland
    The Prime Minister is the Head of Government of Finland. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, who is the Head of State. The current Prime Minister is Jyrki Katainen of the National Coalition Party.-Overview:...
    
     (1979–1982)
•  Early Modern France
  • President - Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
    Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
    Valéry Marie René Georges Giscard d'Estaing is a French centre-right politician who was President of the French Republic from 1974 until 1981...
    
    , President of France (1974–1981)
  • Prime Minister - Raymond Barre
    Raymond Barre
    Raymond Octave Joseph Barre was a French centre-right politician and economist. He was a Vice President of the European Commission and Commissioner for Economic and Financial Affairs under three Presidents and later served as Prime Minister under Valéry Giscard d'Estaing from 1976 until 1981...
    
    , Prime Minister of France
    Prime Minister of France
    The Prime Minister of France in the Fifth Republic is the head of government and of the Council of Ministers of France. The head of state is the President of the French Republic...
    
     (1976–1981)
• '
  • Communist Party Leader - Erich Honecker
    Erich Honecker
    Erich Honecker was a German communist politician who led the German Democratic Republic as General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party from 1971 until 1989, serving as Head of State as well from Willi Stoph's relinquishment of that post in 1976....
    
    , General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (1971–1989)
  • Head of State - Erich Honecker
    Erich Honecker
    Erich Honecker was a German communist politician who led the German Democratic Republic as General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party from 1971 until 1989, serving as Head of State as well from Willi Stoph's relinquishment of that post in 1976....
    
    , Chairman of the Council of State of East Germany (1976–1989)
  • Premier - Willi Stoph
    Willi Stoph
    Willi Stoph was an East German politician. He served as Prime Minister of the German Democratic Republic from 1964 to 1973, and again from 1976 until 1989.-Biography:...
    
    , Chairman of the Council of Ministers of East Germany (1976–1989)
• '
  • President - Karl Carstens
    Karl Carstens
    Karl Carstens was a German politician. He served as President of the Federal Republic of Germany from 1979 to 1984.-Biography:...
    
    , Federal President of West Germany
    President of Germany
    The President of the Federal Republic of Germany is the country's head of state. His official title in German is Bundespräsident . Germany has a parliamentary system of government and so the position of President is largely ceremonial...
    
     (1979–1984)
  • Chancellor - Helmut Schmidt
    Helmut Schmidt
    Helmut Heinrich Waldemar Schmidt is a German Social Democratic politician who served as Chancellor of West Germany from 1974 to 1982. Prior to becoming chancellor, he had served as Minister of Defence and Minister of Finance. He had also served briefly as Minister of Economics and as acting...
    
    , Federal Chancellor of West Germany (1974–1982)
•  Greece
  • President -
    1. Konstantinos Tsatsos
       Konstantinos Tsatsos
       Konstantinos Tsatsos was a revered Greek diplomat, professor of law, scholar and politician. He served as the second President of the Third Hellenic Republic from 1975 to 1980.- Life :...
       
       , President of Greece
       President of Greece
       The President of the Hellenic Republic , colloquially referred to in English as the President of Greece, is the head of state of Greece. The office of the President of the Republic was established after the Greek republic referendum, 1974 and formally by the Constitution of Greece in 1975. The...
       
        (1975–1980)
    2. Konstantinos Karamanlis, President of Greece
       President of Greece
       The President of the Hellenic Republic , colloquially referred to in English as the President of Greece, is the head of state of Greece. The office of the President of the Republic was established after the Greek republic referendum, 1974 and formally by the Constitution of Greece in 1975. The...
       
        (1980–1985)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Konstantinos Karamanlis, Prime Minister of Greece
       Prime Minister of Greece
       The Prime Minister of Greece , officially the Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic , is the head of government of the Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Greek cabinet. The current interim Prime Minister is Lucas Papademos, a former Vice President of the European Central Bank, following...
       
        (1974–1980)
    2. Georgios Rallis, Prime Minister of Greece
       Prime Minister of Greece
       The Prime Minister of Greece , officially the Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic , is the head of government of the Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Greek cabinet. The current interim Prime Minister is Lucas Papademos, a former Vice President of the European Central Bank, following...
       
        (1980–1981) Hungary
       People's Republic of Hungary
       The People's Republic of Hungary or Hungarian People's Republic was the official state name of Hungary from 1949 to 1989 during its Communist period under the guidance of the Soviet Union. The state remained in existence until 1989 when opposition forces consolidated in forcing the regime to...
       
       
  • Communist Party Leader - János Kádár
    János Kádár
    János Kádár was a Hungarian communist leader and the General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, presiding over the country from 1956 until his forced retirement in 1988. His thirty-two year term as General Secretary makes Kádár the longest ruler of the People's Republic of Hungary...
    
    , First Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party
    Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party
    The Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party was the ruling Marxist–Leninist party of Hungary between 1956 and 1989. It was organised from elements of the Hungarian Working People's Party during the 1956 Hungarian Revolution...
    
     (1956–1988)
  • Head of State - Pál Losonczi
    Pál Losonczi
    Pál Losonczi was a Hungarian Communist political figure. He was Chairman of the Hungarian Presidential Council from 1967 to 1987....
    
    , Chairman of the Presidential Council of Hungary (1967–1987)
  • Premier - György Lázár
    György Lázár
    György Lázár is a former Hungarian Communist politician who served as Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1975 to 1987. He was retired in 1988.- Sources :* Any Hungarian high school book *...
    
    , President of the Council of Ministers of Hungary (1975–1987)
•  Iceland
  • President -
    1. Kristján Eldjárn
       Kristján Eldjárn
       Dr. Kristján Eldjárn was the third President of Iceland, from 1968 to 1980.His parents were Þórarinn Kr. Eldjárn, a teacher in Tjörn, and Sigrún Sigurhjartardóttir. He graduated in archaeology from the University of Copenhagen and taught at the University of Iceland...
       
       , President of Iceland
       President of Iceland
       The President of Iceland is Iceland's elected head of state. The president is elected to a four-year term by universal adult suffrage and has limited powers. The president is not the head of government; the Prime Minister of Iceland is the head of government. There have been five presidents since...
       
        (1968–1980)
    2. Vigdís Finnbogadóttir
       Vigdís Finnbogadóttir
       Vigdís Finnbogadóttir is an Icelandic politician who served as the fourth President of Iceland from 1980 to 1996. In addition to being both Iceland's and Europe's first female president, she was the world's first democratically elected female head of state...
       
       , President of Iceland
       President of Iceland
       The President of Iceland is Iceland's elected head of state. The president is elected to a four-year term by universal adult suffrage and has limited powers. The president is not the head of government; the Prime Minister of Iceland is the head of government. There have been five presidents since...
       
        (1980–1996)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Benedikt Sigurðsson Gröndal, Prime Minister of Iceland
       Prime Minister of Iceland
       The Prime Minister of Iceland is Iceland's head of government. The prime minister is appointed formally by the President and exercises executive authority along with the cabinet subject to parliamentary support....
       
        (1979–1980)
    2. Gunnar Thoroddsen
       Gunnar Thoroddsen
       Gunnar Thoroddsen was Prime Minister of Iceland from 8 February 1980 to 26 May 1983. Gunnar is the youngest man ever elected to the Althing, Iceland's Parliament. He was 23 years old when he was elected as MP in 1934. He served as an Ambassador of Iceland in Denmark from 1965 to 1969 when he ran...
       
       , Prime Minister of Iceland
       Prime Minister of Iceland
       The Prime Minister of Iceland is Iceland's head of government. The prime minister is appointed formally by the President and exercises executive authority along with the cabinet subject to parliamentary support....
       
        (1980–1983)
•  Republic of Ireland
  • President - Patrick Hillery
    Patrick Hillery
    Patrick John "Paddy" Hillery was an Irish politician and the sixth President of Ireland from 1976 until 1990. First elected at the 1951 general election as a Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála for Clare, he remained in Dáil Éireann until 1973...
    
    , President of Ireland
    President of Ireland
    The President of Ireland is the head of state of Ireland. The President is usually directly elected by the people for seven years, and can be elected for a maximum of two terms. The presidency is largely a ceremonial office, but the President does exercise certain limited powers with absolute...
    
     (1976–1990)
  • Prime Minister - Charles Haughey
    Charles Haughey
    Charles James "Charlie" Haughey was Taoiseach of Ireland, serving three terms in office . He was also the fourth leader of Fianna Fáil...
    
    , Taoiseach of Ireland
    Taoiseach
    The Taoiseach is the head of government or prime minister of Ireland. The Taoiseach is appointed by the President upon the nomination of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas , and must, in order to remain in office, retain the support of a majority in the Dáil.The current Taoiseach is...
    
     (1979–1981)
•  Italy
  • President - Sandro Pertini, President of Italy (1978–1985)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Francesco Cossiga
       Francesco Cossiga
       Francesco Cossiga was an Italian politician, the 43rd Prime Minister and the eighth President of the Italian Republic. He was also a professor of constitutional law at the University of Sassari....
       
       , President of the Council of Ministers of Italy
       Prime minister of Italy
       The Prime Minister of Italy is the head of government of the Italian Republic...
       
        (1979–1980)
    2. Arnaldo Forlani
       Arnaldo Forlani
       This article is about the Italian legislator. For the similar name used as an alias by terrorist Ramzi Yousef for Philippine Airlines Flight 434, see Ramzi Yousef....
       
       , President of the Council of Ministers of Italy
       Prime minister of Italy
       The Prime Minister of Italy is the head of government of the Italian Republic...
       
        (1980–1981)
•  Liechtenstein
  • Monarch - Franz Joseph II
    Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein
    Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein, , was the Sovereign Prince of Liechtenstein from 1938 until his death...
    
    , Prince of Liechtenstein (1938–1989)
  • Prime Minister - Hans Brunhart
    Hans Brunhart
    Hans Brunhart was the Head of Government, foreign minister and finance minister of the principality of Liechtenstein from April 26, 1978 until May 26, 1993. He was a member of the Patriotic Union party , a liberal and social oriented party...
    
    , Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1978–1993)
•  Luxembourg
  • Monarch - Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
    Grand Duke of Luxembourg
    The Grand Duke of Luxembourg is the sovereign monarch and head of state of Luxembourg. Luxembourg has been a grand duchy since 15 March 1815, when it was elevated from a duchy when placed in personal union with the United Kingdom of the Netherlands...
    
     (1964–2000)
  • Prime Minister - Pierre Werner, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1979–1984)
•  Malta
  • President - Anton Buttigieg
    Anton Buttigieg
    Anton Buttigieg was a Maltese political figure and poet. He served as the second President of Malta from 1976 until 1981.-Early life:Anton Buttigieg was born in Qala, Gozo, on February 19, 1912, the third child of Salvatore and Concetta...
    
    , President of Malta
    President of Malta
    The President of Malta is the constitutional head of state of Malta.The President is appointed by a resolution of the House of Representatives of Malta for a five year term, taking an oath to "preserve, protect and defend" the Constitution....
    
     (1976–1981)
  • Prime Minister - Dom Mintoff
    Dom Mintoff
    Dom Mintoff is a Maltese politician, journalist and architect, who served as leader of the Labour Party from 1949 to 1984, Prime Minister of Malta from 1955 to 1958 and again, post-Independence, from 1971 to...
    
    , Prime Minister of Malta
    Prime Minister of Malta
    The Prime Minister of Malta is the Head of Government of Malta.-Establishment of the office and developments:The office of "Head of Ministry" was created as soon as Malta was granted autonomous government in 1921. The 1921 constitution was suspended twice before being revoked...
    
     (1971–1984)
•  Monaco
  • Monarch - Rainier III
    Rainier III, Prince of Monaco
    Rainier III, Prince of Monaco , styled His Serene Highness The Sovereign Prince of Monaco, ruled the Principality of Monaco for almost 56 years, making him one of the longest ruling monarchs of the 20th century.Though he was best known outside of Europe for having married American...
    
    , Prince of Monaco
    Prince of Monaco
    The Reigning Prince or Princess of Monaco is the sovereign monarch and head of state of the Principality of Monaco. All Princes or Princesses thus far have taken the name of the House of Grimaldi, but have belonged to various other houses in male line...
    
     (1949–2005)
  • Head of Government - André Saint-Mleux
    André Saint-Mleux
    André Saint-Mleux was a Minister of State for Monaco. He was in office from 1972 to 1981.-References:...
    
    , Minister of State of Monaco (1972–1981)
•  Kingdom of the Netherlands
  • Monarch -
    1. Juliana
       Juliana of the Netherlands
       Juliana was the Queen regnant of the Kingdom of the Netherlands between 1948 and 1980. She was the only child of Queen Wilhelmina and Prince Henry...
       
       , Queen of the Netherlands
       Monarchy of the Netherlands
       The Netherlands has been an independent monarchy since 16 March 1815, and has been governed by members of the House of Orange-Nassau since.-Constitutional role and position of the monarch:...
       
        (1948–1980)
    2. Beatrix
       Beatrix of the Netherlands
       Beatrix is the Queen regnant of the Kingdom of the Netherlands comprising the Netherlands, Curaçao, Sint Maarten, and Aruba. She is the first daughter of Queen Juliana of the Netherlands and Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld. She studied law at Leiden University...
       
       , Queen of the Netherlands
       Monarchy of the Netherlands
       The Netherlands has been an independent monarchy since 16 March 1815, and has been governed by members of the House of Orange-Nassau since.-Constitutional role and position of the monarch:...
       
        (1980–present)

• • • Prime Minister - Dries van Agt
      Dries van Agt
      Andreas Antonius Maria "Dries" van Agt is a retired Dutch politician of the Christian Democratic Appeal . He served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from December 19, 1977, until November 4, 1982....
      
      , Prime Minister of the Netherlands
      Prime Minister of the Netherlands
      The Prime Minister of the Netherlands is the chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands. He is the de facto head of government of the Netherlands and coordinates the policy of the government...
      
       (1977–1982)

• • • see under North America
•  Norway
  • Monarch - Olav V
    Olav V of Norway
    Olav V was the king of Norway from 1957 until his death. A member of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, Olav was born in the United Kingdom as the son of King Haakon VII of Norway and Queen Maud of Norway...
    
    , King of Norway (1957–1991)
  • Prime Minister - Odvar Nordli
    Odvar Nordli
    is a Norwegian politician from the Labour Party. He was Prime Minister of Norway from 1976 to 1981.Nordli grew up in Tangen in Stange, Hedmark. After World War II he served in the Independent Norwegian Brigade Group in Germany, part of the Allied forces occupying post-war Germany...
    
    , Prime Minister of Norway
    Prime Minister of Norway
    The Prime Minister of Norway is the political leader of Norway and the Head of His Majesty's Government. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Stortinget , to their political party, and ultimately the...
    
     (1976–1981) Poland
    People's Republic of Poland
    The People's Republic of Poland was the official name of Poland from 1952 to 1990. Although the Soviet Union took control of the country immediately after the liberation from Nazi Germany in 1944, the name of the state was not changed until eight years later...
    
    
  • Communist Party Leader -
    1. Edward Gierek
       Edward Gierek
       Edward Gierek was a Polish communist politician.He was born in Porąbka, outside of Sosnowiec. He lost his father to a mining accident in a pit at the age of four. His mother married again and emigrated to northern France, where he was raised. He joined the French Communist Party in 1931 and was...
       
       , First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1970–1980)
    2. Stanisław Kania, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1980–1981)
  • Head of State - Henryk Jabłoński, Chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1972–1985)
  • Premier -
    1. Piotr Jaroszewicz
       Piotr Jaroszewicz
       Gen. Piotr Jaroszewicz was a Polish Communist political figure. He served as the Prime Minister of Poland between 1970 and 1980.Piotr Jaroszewicz was born on 8 October 1909 in Nieśwież. After finishing the secondary school in Jasło he started working as a teacher and headmaster in Garwolin...
       
       , President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1970–1980)
    2. Edward Babiuch
       Edward Babiuch
       Edward Babiuch was a Polish Communist political figure. He was one of four deputy chairmen of the Polish Council of State 1976–1980. Babiuch briefly served as the Prime Minister of Poland in 1980, from February 18 to August 24 of that year.-References:...
       
       , President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1980)
    3. Józef Pińkowski
       Józef Pinkowski
       Józef Pińkowski was a Polish Communist politician who served as Prime Minister from 1980 to 1981....
       
       , President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1980–1981)
•  Portugal
  • President - António Ramalho Eanes
    António Ramalho Eanes
    António dos Santos Ramalho Eanes, GColTE, GCL, CavA, KE is a Portuguese general and politician who was the 16th President of Portugal from 1976 to 1986.-Background:...
    
    , President of Portugal
    President of Portugal
    Portugal has been a republic since 1910, and since that time the head of state has been the president, whose official title is President of the Portuguese Republic ....
    
     (1976–1986)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo, Prime Minister of Portugal
       Prime Minister of Portugal
       Prime Minister is the current title of the chief of the Portuguese Government. As chief executive, the Prime Minister coordinates the action of ministers, representing the Government from the other organs of state, accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed...
       
        (1979–1980)
    2. Francisco de Sá Carneiro, Prime Minister of Portugal
       Prime Minister of Portugal
       Prime Minister is the current title of the chief of the Portuguese Government. As chief executive, the Prime Minister coordinates the action of ministers, representing the Government from the other organs of state, accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed...
       
        (1980)
    3. Diogo de Freitas do Amaral, Interim Prime Minister of Portugal
       Prime Minister of Portugal
       Prime Minister is the current title of the chief of the Portuguese Government. As chief executive, the Prime Minister coordinates the action of ministers, representing the Government from the other organs of state, accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed...
       
        (1980–1981) Romania
       Communist Romania
       Communist Romania was the period in Romanian history when that country was a Soviet-aligned communist state in the Eastern Bloc, with the dominant role of Romanian Communist Party enshrined in its successive constitutions...
       
       
  • Communist Party Leader - Nicolae Ceauşescu
    Nicolae Ceausescu
    Nicolae Ceaușescu was a Romanian Communist politician. He was General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party from 1965 to 1989, and as such was the country's second and last Communist leader...
    
    , General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party
    Romanian Communist Party
    The Romanian Communist Party was a communist political party in Romania. Successor to the Bolshevik wing of the Socialist Party of Romania, it gave ideological endorsement to communist revolution and the disestablishment of Greater Romania. The PCR was a minor and illegal grouping for much of the...
    
     (1965–1989)
  • President - Nicolae Ceauşescu
    Nicolae Ceausescu
    Nicolae Ceaușescu was a Romanian Communist politician. He was General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party from 1965 to 1989, and as such was the country's second and last Communist leader...
    
    , President of Romania
    President of Romania
    The President of Romania is the head of state of Romania. The President is directly elected by a two-round system for a five-year term . An individual may serve two terms...
    
     (1967–1989)
  • Premier - Ilie Verdeţ
    Ilie Verdet
    Ilie Verdeţ was a Romanian politician.Born in Comăneşti, Bacău County, and a miner from age 12, he joined the Romanian Communist Party in 1945. After graduating from the Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies, he climbed through the Party apparatus...
    
    , Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania
    Prime Minister of Romania
    The Prime Minister of Romania is the head of the Government of Romania. Initially, the office was styled President of the Council of Ministers , when the term "Government" included more than the Cabinet, and the Cabinet was called The Council of Ministers...
    
     (1979–1982)
•  San Marino
  • Captains Regent
    1. Giuseppe Amici
       Giuseppe Amici
       Giuseppe Amici was a Sammarinese politician.At the age of 25 he was elected to the Grand and General Council and remained its member till 2001. Amici was Captain Regent with Germano De Biagi from October 1979 to April 1980 and with Marino Bollini from October 1984 to April 1985. He was a member of...
       
        and Germano De Biagi, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1979–March 1980)
    2. Pietro Chiaruzzi and Primo Marani, Captains Regent of San Marino (April 1980–September 1980)
    3. Giancarlo Berardi
       Giancarlo Berardi
       Giancarlo Berardi is an Italian comic book writer. Born in Genoa, he is most famous as creator of comics Ken Parker and Julia .- External links :*...
       
        and Rossano Zafferani, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1980–March 1981)
•  Soviet Union
  • Communist Party leader - Leonid Brezhnev
    Leonid Brezhnev
    Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev  – 10 November 1982) was the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union , presiding over the country from 1964 until his death in 1982. His eighteen-year term as General Secretary was second only to that of Joseph Stalin in...
    
    , General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
    General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
    General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the title given to the leader of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. With some exceptions, the office was synonymous with leader of the Soviet Union...
    
     (1964–1982)
  • Head of State - Leonid Brezhnev
    Leonid Brezhnev
    Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev  – 10 November 1982) was the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union , presiding over the country from 1964 until his death in 1982. His eighteen-year term as General Secretary was second only to that of Joseph Stalin in...
    
    , Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1977–1982)
  • Premier -
    1. Alexei Kosygin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union
       Premier of the Soviet Union
       The office of Premier of the Soviet Union was synonymous with head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics . Twelve individuals have been premier...
       
        (1964–1980)
    2. Nikolai Tikhonov
       Nikolai Tikhonov
       Nikolai Aleksandrovich Tikhonov was a Soviet Russian-Ukrainian statesman during the Cold War. He served as Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1980 to 1985, and as a First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers, literally First Vice Premier, from 1976 to 1980...
       
       , Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union
       Premier of the Soviet Union
       The office of Premier of the Soviet Union was synonymous with head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics . Twelve individuals have been premier...
       
        (1980–1985)
•  Spain
  • Monarch - Juan Carlos I, King of Spain (1975–present)
  • Prime Minister - Adolfo Suárez
    Adolfo Suárez
    Adolfo Suárez y González, 1st Duke of Suárez, Grandee of Spain, KOGF is a Spanish lawyer and politician. Suárez was Spain's first democratically elected prime minister after the dictatorship of Francisco Franco, and the key figure in the country's transition to democracy.-Parents:He is a son of...
    
    , President of the Government of Spain
    Prime Minister of Spain
    The President of the Government of Spain , sometimes known in English as the Prime Minister of Spain, is the head of Government of Spain. The current office is established under the Constitution of 1978...
    
     (1976–1981)
•  Sweden
  • Monarch - Carl XVI Gustaf
    Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden
    Carl XVI Gustaf is the reigning King of Sweden since 15 September 1973, succeeding his grandfather King Gustaf VI Adolf because his father had predeceased him...
    
    , King of Sweden (1973–present)
  • Prime Minister - Thorbjörn Fälldin
    Thorbjörn Fälldin
    Thorbjörn Fälldin is a Swedish politician. He was Prime Minister of Sweden in three non-consecutive cabinets from 1976 to 1982, and leader of the Swedish Centre Party from 1971 to 1985...
    
    , Prime Minister of Sweden
    Prime Minister of Sweden
    The Prime Minister is the head of government in the Kingdom of Sweden. Before the creation of the office of a Prime Minister in 1876, Sweden did not have a head of government separate from its head of state, namely the King, in whom the executive authority was vested...
    
     (1979–1982)
•  Switzerland -
  • Swiss Federal Council
    Swiss Federal Council
    The Federal Council is the seven-member executive council which constitutes the federal government of Switzerland and serves as the Swiss collective head of state....
    
    :

    Kurt Furgler

    Kurt Furgler

    Kurt Furgler was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council .He was elected to the Federal Council of Switzerland on December 8, 1971 and handed over office on December 31, 1986...

    
     (1971–1986), Willy Ritschard

    Willy Ritschard

    Willi Ritschard was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council ....

    
     (1973–1983), Hans Hürlimann

    Hans Hürlimann

    Hans Hürlimann was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council .He was elected to the Federal Council of Switzerland on 5 December 1973 and handed over office on 31 December 1982...

    
     (1973–1982), Georges-André Chevallaz

    Georges-André Chevallaz

    Georges-André Chevallaz was a Swiss historian, politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council ....

    
     (1973–1983, President), Fritz Honegger

    Fritz Honegger

    Fritz Honegger was a Swiss politician.He was elected to the Swiss Federal Council on December 7, 1977 and handed over office on December 31, 1982. He was affiliated to the Free Democratic Party....

    
     (1978–1982), Pierre Aubert

    Pierre Aubert

    Pierre Aubert is a Swiss politician, lawyer and former member of the Swiss Federal Council ....

    
     (1978–1987), Leon Schlumpf

    Leon Schlumpf

    Leon Schlumpf is a Swiss politician and a former member of the Swiss Federal Council .Schlumpf was elected to the Federal Council on December 5, 1979 as a member of the Swiss People's Party from the Canton of Graubünden...

    
     (1979–1987)

•  United Kingdom
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present)
  • Prime Minister - Margaret Thatcher
    Margaret Thatcher
    Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990...
    
    , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
    Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
    The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the Head of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Parliament, to their political party and...
    
     (1979–1990)
  •  Guernsey (British Crown dependency
    Crown dependency
    The Crown Dependencies are British possessions of the Crown, as opposed to overseas territories of the United Kingdom. They comprise the Channel Island Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel, and the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea....
    
    )
    • Lieutenant-Governor -
      1. Sir John Edward Ludgate Martin
         John Martin (Royal Navy officer)
         Vice Admiral Sir John Edward Ludgate Martin KCB DSC was a former Royal Navy officer who became Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey.-Naval career:...
         
         , Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (1974–1980)
      2. Sir Peter Le Cheminant
         Peter Le Cheminant
         Air Chief Marshal Sir Peter de Lacy Le Cheminant GBE KCB DFC & Bar was Vice-Chief of Defence Staff.-Military career:Educated at Elizabeth College, Guernsey and the RAF College, Cranwell, Le Cheminant was commissioned into the Royal Air Force in 1939...
         
         , Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (1980–1985)
    • Bailiff - Sir John Loveridge, Bailiff of Guernsey (1973–1982)
  •  Jersey (British Crown dependency
    Crown dependency
    The Crown Dependencies are British possessions of the Crown, as opposed to overseas territories of the United Kingdom. They comprise the Channel Island Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel, and the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea....
    
    )
    • Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Peter Whiteley
      Peter Whiteley (Royal Marines officer)
      General Sir Peter John Frederick Whiteley GCB OBE is a former Commander-in-Chief Allied Forces Northern Europe.-Military career:Educated at Bembridge School, Peter Whiteley was commissioned as a Royal Marine during World War II....
      
      , Lieutenant-Governor of Jersey (1979–1985)
    • Bailiff - Sir Frank Ereaut
      Frank Ereaut
      Sir Frank Ereaut was Bailiff of Jersey from 1975 to 1985.- Early years :Ereaut was born in London, the son of and May Julia Cobbold...
      
      , Bailiff of Jersey (1975–1985)
  •  Isle of Man (British Crown dependency
    Crown dependency
    The Crown Dependencies are British possessions of the Crown, as opposed to overseas territories of the United Kingdom. They comprise the Channel Island Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel, and the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea....
    
    )
    • Lieutenant-Governor -
      1. Sir John Warburton Paul
         John Warburton Paul
         Sir John Warburton Paul, GCMG, OBE, MC was a British government official, best known as a prolific administrator for 20 years of various British overseas territories around the world...
         
         , Lieutenant-Governor of Man (1974–1980)
      2. Sir Nigel Cecil
         Nigel Cecil
         Rear Admiral Sir Oswald "Nigel" Amherst Cecil KBE, CB , is a retired naval officer.-Naval career:Cecil is a paternal grandson of Lord William Cecil and the 2nd Baroness Amherst of Hackney and a maternal grandson of the 1st Baron Cornwallis. He was educated at Ludgrove School and the Royal Naval...
         
         , Lieutenant-Governor of Man (1980–1985)
    • Head of Government - Clifford Irving, Chairman of the Executive Council of the Isle of Man
      Chairman of the Executive Council
      The Chairman of the Executive Council of the Isle of Man was the executive head of the Isle of Man Government from 1961 to 1986. The title of the office was changed in 1986 to Chief Minister.-Chairmen:*Sir Charles Kerruish MLC OBE LLD , 1961–67...
      
       (1977–1981)
  •  Gibraltar (British crown colony
    Crown colony
    A Crown colony, also known in the 17th century as royal colony, was a type of colonial administration of the English and later British Empire....
    
    )
    • Governor - Sir William Jackson, Governor of Gibraltar
      Governor of Gibraltar
      The Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Gibraltar is the representative of the British monarch in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. The Governor is appointed by the British Monarch on the advice of the British Government...
      
       (1978–1982)
    • Chief Minister - Sir Joshua Hassan
      Joshua Hassan
      Sir Joshua Abraham Hassan, GBE, KCMG, LVO, QC , nicknamed "Salvador" , was a Gibraltarian politician, and first Mayor and Chief Minister of Gibraltar, serving two terms as Chief Minister for a total of 17 years...
      
      , Chief Minister of Gibraltar
      Chief Minister of Gibraltar
      The Chief Minister of Gibraltar is the leader of the largest party elected to the Gibraltar Parliament, and is formally appointed by the Governor of Gibraltar, representative of the British Crown.-List of Chief Ministers:...
      
       (1972–1987)
•  Vatican City
  • Monarch - Pope John Paul II
    Pope John Paul II
    Blessed Pope John Paul II , born Karol Józef Wojtyła , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and Sovereign of Vatican City from 16 October 1978 until his death on 2 April 2005, at of age. His was the second-longest documented pontificate, which lasted ; only Pope Pius IX ...
    
    , Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City (1978–2005)
  • President of the Governorate - Agostino Casaroli, President of the Governorate of Vatican City State (1979–1984)
  • Holy See
    Holy See
    The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, in which its Bishop is commonly known as the Pope. It is the preeminent episcopal see of the Catholic Church, forming the central government of the Church. As such, diplomatically, and in other spheres the Holy See acts and...
    
    
    • Secretary of State - Agostino Casaroli, Cardinal Secretary of State
      Cardinal Secretary of State
      The Cardinal Secretary of State—officially Secretary of State of His Holiness The Pope—presides over the Holy See, usually known as the "Vatican", Secretariat of State, which is the oldest and most important dicastery of the Roman Curia...
      
       (1979–1990)
•  Kingdom of Yugoslavia
  • Communist Party leader -
    1. Josip Broz Tito
       Josip Broz Tito
       Marshal Josip Broz Tito – 4 May 1980) was a Yugoslav revolutionary and statesman. While his presidency has been criticized as authoritarian, Tito was a popular public figure both in Yugoslavia and abroad, viewed as a unifying symbol for the nations of the Yugoslav federation...
       
       , President of the Presidium of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia
       League of Communists of Yugoslavia
       League of Communists of Yugoslavia , before 1952 the Communist Party of Yugoslavia League of Communists of Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croatian: Savez komunista Jugoslavije/Савез комуниста Југославије, Slovene: Zveza komunistov Jugoslavije, Macedonian: Сојуз на комунистите на Југославија, Sojuz na...
       
        (1945–1980)
    2. Stevan Doronjski, Acting President of the Presidium of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia
       League of Communists of Yugoslavia
       League of Communists of Yugoslavia , before 1952 the Communist Party of Yugoslavia League of Communists of Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croatian: Savez komunista Jugoslavije/Савез комуниста Југославије, Slovene: Zveza komunistov Jugoslavije, Macedonian: Сојуз на комунистите на Југославија, Sojuz na...
       
        (1979–1980)
    3. Lazar Mojsov
       Lazar Mojsov
       Dr. Lazar Mojsov was a Macedonian journalist, politician and diplomat from SFR Yugoslavia.Mojsov received his doctoral degree from the University of Belgrade's Law School. He fought for the anti-fascist partisans in World War II and continued to rise through the ranks of the Communist Party after...
       
       , President of the Presidium of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia
       League of Communists of Yugoslavia
       League of Communists of Yugoslavia , before 1952 the Communist Party of Yugoslavia League of Communists of Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croatian: Savez komunista Jugoslavije/Савез комуниста Југославије, Slovene: Zveza komunistov Jugoslavije, Macedonian: Сојуз на комунистите на Југославија, Sojuz na...
       
        (1980–1981)
  • Head of State -
    1. Josip Broz Tito
       Josip Broz Tito
       Marshal Josip Broz Tito – 4 May 1980) was a Yugoslav revolutionary and statesman. While his presidency has been criticized as authoritarian, Tito was a popular public figure both in Yugoslavia and abroad, viewed as a unifying symbol for the nations of the Yugoslav federation...
       
       , President for Life of Yugoslavia (1953–1980)
    2. Lazar Koliševski
       Lazar Koliševski
       Lazar Koliševski was a Communist political leader in Socialist Republic of Macedonia and briefly the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia closely allied with Tito.- Early years :...
       
       , Chairman of the Presidency of Yugoslavia (1980)
    3. Cvijetin Mijatović
       Cvijetin Mijatovic
       Cvijetin Mijatović was a Yugoslav communist politician who served as Chairman of the Collective Presidency of Yugoslavia from 1980 until 1981.In 1933, he became a member of KPJ...
       
       , Chairman of the Presidency of Yugoslavia (1980–1981)
  • Premier - Veselin Đuranović, Chairman of the Federal Executive Council of Yugoslavia
    Prime Minister of Yugoslavia
    The Prime Minister or the President of the Federal Executive Council of Yugoslavia was the head of government of the Yugoslav state, from the creation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in 1918 until the end of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1992.-Kingdom of...
    
     (1977–1982)

North America

• • seceded from Saint Christopher and Nevis on 19 December 1980
  • Governor - Charles Harry Godden, Governor of Anguilla
    Governor of Anguilla
    The Governor of Anguilla is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Anguilla. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
    
     (1978–1983)
  • Chief Minister -
    1. Emile Gumbs
       Emile Gumbs
       Sir Emile Gumbs is a politician from Anguilla. He served as the island territory's Chief Minister from 1 February 1977 to May 1980 and again from 12 March 1984 to 16 March 1994. He is the only person from Anguilla to have been knighted.-References:...
       
       , Chief Minister of Anguilla
       Chief Minister of Anguilla
       -List of Chief Ministers of Anguilla:...
       
        (1977–1980)
    2. Ronald Webster
       Ronald Webster
       Ronald Webster is a politician from Anguilla. He served as the island territory's Chief Minister from 10 February 1976 to 1 February 1977 and again from May 1980 to 12 March 1984....
       
       , Chief Minister of Anguilla
       Chief Minister of Anguilla
       -List of Chief Ministers of Anguilla:...
       
        (1980–1984) (British associated state)
  • Governor - Sir Wilfred Jacobs
    Wilfred Jacobs
    Sir Wilfred Ebenezer Jacobs was the first Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda. He held this position from 1 November 1981 to 10 June 1993. He was replaced by James Carlisle. He was also the governor of Antigua and Barbuda from 1967 until that country gained independence in 1981 and he became...
    
    , Governor of Antigua (1967–1993)
  • Premier - Vere Bird
    Vere Bird
    Sir Vere Cornwall Bird Sr. was the first Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda. His son, Lester Bryant Bird, succeeded him as Prime Minister. In 1994 he was declared a national hero....
    
    , Premier of Antigua (1976–1994)
•  The Bahamas
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of the Bahamas (1973–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Gerald Cash
    Gerald Cash
    Sir Gerald Christopher Cash GCMG GCVO OBE was the second Governor-General of the Commonwealth of the Bahamas ....
    
    , Governor-General of the Bahamas (1979–1988)
  • Prime Minister - Lynden Pindling
    Lynden Pindling
    Sir Lynden Oscar Pindling KCMG, OM, JP , is generally regarded as the "Father of the Nation" of the Bahamas, having led it to Majority Rule on 10 January 1967 and then to independence on 10 July 1973. He served as the first black premier of the Colony of the Bahama Islands from 1967 to 1969 and as...
    
    , Prime Minister of the Bahamas (1967–1992)
•  Barbados -
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Barbados (1966–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Deighton Lisle Ward
    Deighton Lisle Ward
    Sir Deighton Harcourt Lisle Ward, GCMG, GCVO, graduated from Harrison College in Bridgetown. In 1958, he was one of the candidates of the Barbados Labour Party when they won four of the five seats in the House of Representatives in the Federal Parliament . He was a Freemason and also President of...
    
    , Governor-General of Barbados (1976–1984)
  • Prime Minister - Tom Adams, Prime Minister of Barbados (1976–1985) Belize
    British Honduras
    British Honduras was a British colony that is now the independent nation of Belize.First colonised by Spaniards in the 17th century, the territory on the east coast of Central America, south of Mexico, became a British crown colony from 1862 until 1964, when it became self-governing. Belize became...
    
     (British crown colony
    Crown colony
    A Crown colony, also known in the 17th century as royal colony, was a type of colonial administration of the English and later British Empire....
    
    )
  • Governor -
    1. Peter Donovan McEntee, Governor of Belize (1976–1980)
    2. Sir James Patrick Ivan Hennessy, Governor of Belize (1980–1981)
  • Premier - George Cadle Price
    George Cadle Price
    George Cadle Price PC was the first Prime Minister of Belize and is considered to have been one of the principal architects of the country's independence, and is today referred to by many as "the Father of the Nation"....
    
    , Premier of Belize (1961–1984) (British crown colony
    Crown colony
    A Crown colony, also known in the 17th century as royal colony, was a type of colonial administration of the English and later British Empire....
    
    )
  • Governor -
    1. Sir Peter Ramsbotham, Governor of Bermuda
       Governor of Bermuda
       The Governor of Bermuda is the representative of the British monarch in the British overseas territory of Bermuda. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
       
        (1977–1980)
    2. Sir Richard Posnett, Governor of Bermuda
       Governor of Bermuda
       The Governor of Bermuda is the representative of the British monarch in the British overseas territory of Bermuda. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
       
        (1980–1983)
  • Premier - David Gibbons, Premier of Bermuda (1977–1982) (British crown colony
    Crown colony
    A Crown colony, also known in the 17th century as royal colony, was a type of colonial administration of the English and later British Empire....
    
    )
  • Governor - James Alfred Davidson
    James Alfred Davidson
    James Alfred Davidson, OBE, naval commander and diplomat, was born on March 22, 1922. He died on May 6, 2004, aged 82. During the Second World War James Davidson served in every theatre of the war at sea...
    
    , Governor of the British Virgin Islands
    Governor of the British Virgin Islands
    The Governor of the British Virgin Islands is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of British Virgin Islands. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
    
     (1978–1982)
  • Chief Minister - Lavity Stoutt
    Lavity Stoutt
    Hamilton Lavity Stoutt was the first and longest serving Chief Minister of the British Virgin Islands, winning four general elections and serving three non-consecutive terms of office from 1967 to 1971, again from 1981 to 1983 and again from 1986 until his death in 1995.Since Stoutt's death in...
    
    , Chief Minister of the British Virgin Islands (1979–1983)
•  Canada
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Canada (1952–present)
  • Governor General - Edward Schreyer
    Edward Schreyer
    Edward Richard Schreyer , commonly known as Ed Schreyer, is a Canadian politician, diplomat, and statesman who served as Governor General of Canada, the 22nd since Canadian Confederation....
    
    , Governor General of Canada
    Governor General of Canada
    The Governor General of Canada is the federal viceregal representative of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II...
    
     (1979–1984)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Joe Clark
       Joe Clark
       Charles Joseph "Joe" Clark, is a Canadian statesman, businessman, and university professor, and former journalist and politician...
       
       , Prime Minister of Canada
       Prime Minister of Canada
       The Prime Minister of Canada is the primary minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus head of government for Canada, charged with advising the Canadian monarch or viceroy on the exercise of the executive powers vested in them by the constitution...
       
        (1979–1980)
    2. Pierre Trudeau
       Pierre Trudeau
       Joseph Philippe Pierre Yves Elliott Trudeau, , usually known as Pierre Trudeau or Pierre Elliott Trudeau, was the 15th Prime Minister of Canada from April 20, 1968 to June 4, 1979, and again from March 3, 1980 to June 30, 1984.Trudeau began his political career campaigning for socialist ideals,...
       
       , Prime Minister of Canada
       Prime Minister of Canada
       The Prime Minister of Canada is the primary minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus head of government for Canada, charged with advising the Canadian monarch or viceroy on the exercise of the executive powers vested in them by the constitution...
       
        (1980–1984) (British crown colony
       Crown colony
       A Crown colony, also known in the 17th century as royal colony, was a type of colonial administration of the English and later British Empire....
       
       )
  • Governor - Thomas Russell, Governor of the Cayman Islands
    Governor of the Cayman Islands
    The Governor of the Cayman Islands is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of the Cayman Islands. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
    
     (1974–1982)
•  Costa Rica
  • President - Rodrigo Carazo Odio
    Rodrigo Carazo Odio
    Rodrigo José Ramón Francisco de Jesús Carazo Odio served as President of Costa Rica from 8 May 1978 to 8 May 1982.Carazo was born in 1926 in Cartago...
    
    , President of Costa Rica (1978–1982)
•  Cuba
  • Communist Party Leader - Fidel Castro
    Fidel Castro
    Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz is a Cuban revolutionary and politician, having held the position of Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976, and then President from 1976 to 2008. He also served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from the party's foundation in 1961 until 2011...
    
    , First secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba
    Communist Party of Cuba
    The Communist Party of Cuba is the governing political party in Cuba. It is a communist party of the Marxist-Leninist model. The Cuban constitution ascribes the role of the Party to be the "leading force of society and of the state"...
    
     (1965–2011)
  • President - Fidel Castro
    Fidel Castro
    Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz is a Cuban revolutionary and politician, having held the position of Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976, and then President from 1976 to 2008. He also served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from the party's foundation in 1961 until 2011...
    
    , President of the Council of State of Cuba (1976–2008)
  • Premier - Fidel Castro
    Fidel Castro
    Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz is a Cuban revolutionary and politician, having held the position of Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976, and then President from 1976 to 2008. He also served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from the party's foundation in 1961 until 2011...
    
    , President of the Council of Ministers of Cuba
    Prime Minister of Cuba
    Prime Minister of Cuba was a position in the government of Cuba. Fidel Castro assumed the position of Prime Minister in 1959 replacing José Miró Cardona....
    
     (1959–2008)
•  Dominica -
  • President -
    1. Fred Degazon
       Fred Degazon
       Frederick Eutrope Degazon was the first President of Dominica. He was born in Castries, Saint Lucia and is currently living in exile in London....
       
       , President of Dominica (1979–1980)
    2. Jenner Armour, Acting President of Dominica (1979–1980)
    3. Aurelius Marie, President of Dominica (1980–1983)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Oliver Seraphin, Prime Minister of Dominica (1979–1980)
    2. Eugenia Charles
       Eugenia Charles
       Dame Mary Eugenia Charles, DBE was Prime Minister of Dominica from 21 July 1980 until 14 June 1995. She was Dominica's first, and to date only, female prime minister, as well as the nation's longest serving prime minister...
       
       , Prime Minister of Dominica (1980–1995)
•  Dominican Republic
  • President - Antonio Guzmán Fernández
    Antonio Guzmán Fernández
    Silvestre Antonio Guzmán Fernández was a Dominican businessman and a politician. He was the 46th President of the Dominican Republic, from 1978 to 1982.- Early life :Antonio Guzmán was born in the town of La Vega...
    
    , President of the Dominican Republic (1978–1982)
•  El Salvador
  • Head of State - Revolutionary Government Junta
    Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador
    The Revolutionary Government ruled El Salvador between October 15, 1979 and May 2, 1982. It contained two colonels, Adolfo Arnaldo Majano Ramos and Jaime Abdul Gutiérrez Avendaño, and three civilians, Guillermo Ungo, Mario Antonio Andino and Román Mayorga Quirós.The JRG ousted President Carlos...
    
    , Head of State of El Salvador
    President of El Salvador
    This page contains a list of Presidents of El Salvador.-Heads of State of El Salvador within the Federal Republic of Central America :*Pedro Barriere : 21 September 1821 - 28 November 1821*José Matías Delgado : 28 Nov 1821 - 9 February 1823...
    
     (1979–1982)
•  Grenada
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Grenada
    Monarchy of Grenada
    The monarchy of Grenada is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of the Grenadas. The present monarch of Grenada is Queen Elizabeth II...
    
     (1974–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Paul Scoon
    Paul Scoon
    Sir Paul Scoon, GCMG, GCVO, OBE was Governor General of Grenada for 14 years, from 1978 to 1992.-Biography:Sir Paul was born on 4 July 1935 in Gouyave, a town on the west coast of Grenada. He attended St. John's Anglican School and then the Grenada Boys' Secondary School...
    
    , Governor-General of Grenada (1978–1992)
  • Prime Minister - Maurice Bishop
    Maurice Bishop
    Maurice Rupert Bishop was a Grenadian politician and revolutionary who seized power in a coup in 1979 from Eric Gairy and served as Prime Minister of the People's Revolutionary Government of Grenada until 1983, when he was overthrown in another coup by Bernard Coard, a member of his own...
    
    , Prime Minister of Grenada (1979–1983)
•  Guatemala
  • President - Fernando Romeo Lucas García
    Fernando Romeo Lucas García
    Fernando Romeo Lucas García was the 25th President of Guatemala from 1 July 1978 to 23 March 1982...
    
    , President of Guatemala
    President of Guatemala
    The title of President of Guatemala has been the usual title of the leader of Guatemala since 1839, when that title was assumed by Mariano Rivera Paz...
    
     (1978–1982)
•  Haiti
  • President - Jean-Claude Duvalier
    Jean-Claude Duvalier
    Jean-Claude Duvalier, nicknamed "Bébé Doc" or "Baby Doc" was the President of Haiti from 1971 until his overthrow by a popular uprising in 1986. He succeeded his father, François "Papa Doc" Duvalier, as the ruler of Haiti upon his father's death in 1971...
    
    , President for Life of Haiti
    President of Haiti
    The President of the Republic of Haiti is the head of state of Haiti. Executive power in Haiti is divided between the president and the government headed by the Prime Minister of Haiti...
    
     (1971–1986)
•  Honduras
  • President - Policarpo Paz García
    Policarpo Paz García
    Policarpo Juan Paz García was a Honduran military leader and autocrat who served as President of Honduras from 7 August 1978 until 27 January 1982....
    
    , Provisional President of Honduras
    President of Honduras
    This page lists the Presidents of Honduras.Colonial Honduras declared its independence from Spain on 15 September 1821. From 5 January 1822 to 1 July 1823, Honduras was part of the First Mexican Empire of Agustín de Iturbide....
    
     (1978–1982)
•  Jamaica
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Jamaica
    Monarchy of Jamaica
    The Monarchy of Jamaica is a constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of Jamaica, forming the core of the country's Westminster-style parliamentary democracy...
    
     (1962–present)
  • Governor-General - Florizel Glasspole
    Florizel Glasspole
    Sir Florizel Augustus Glasspole, ON, GCMG, GCVO, K.St.J was the third Governor General of Jamaica....
    
    , Governor-General of Jamaica
    Governor-General of Jamaica
    The Governor-General of Jamaica represents the Jamaican monarch, and head of state, who holds the title of King or Queen of Jamaica ....
    
     (1973–1991)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Michael Manley
       Michael Manley
       Michael Norman Manley ON OCC was the fourth Prime Minister of Jamaica . Manley was a democratic socialist....
       
       , Prime Minister of Jamaica
       Prime Minister of Jamaica
       The Prime Minister of Jamaica is Jamaica's head of government, currently Andrew Holness. Andrew Holness was elected as the new leader of the governing Jamaica Labour Party and succeeded Bruce Golding to become Jamaica's ninth Prime Minister on 23 October 2011...
       
        (1972–1980)
    2. Edward Seaga
       Edward Seaga
       Edward Philip George Seaga ON PC was the fifth Prime Minister of Jamaica from 1980 to 1989 and Leader of the Jamaica Labour Party from 1974 to 2005. He served as leader of the opposition from 1974 to 1980 and again from 1989 until January 2005...
       
       , Prime Minister of Jamaica
       Prime Minister of Jamaica
       The Prime Minister of Jamaica is Jamaica's head of government, currently Andrew Holness. Andrew Holness was elected as the new leader of the governing Jamaica Labour Party and succeeded Bruce Golding to become Jamaica's ninth Prime Minister on 23 October 2011...
       
        (1980–1989)
•  Mexico
  • President - José López Portillo
    José López Portillo
    José López Portillo y Pacheco was the President of Mexico from 1976 to 1982.Born in Mexico City, López Portillo studied Law at the National Autonomous University of Mexico before beginning his political career with the Institutional Revolutionary Party in 1959.He held several positions in the...
    
    , President of Mexico
    President of Mexico
    The President of the United Mexican States is the head of state and government of Mexico. Under the Constitution, the president is also the Supreme Commander of the Mexican armed forces...
    
     (1976–1982) Montserrat
    Montserrat
    Montserrat is a British overseas territory located in the Leeward Islands, part of the chain of islands called the Lesser Antilles in the West Indies. This island measures approximately long and wide, giving of coastline...
    
     (British crown colony
    Crown colony
    A Crown colony, also known in the 17th century as royal colony, was a type of colonial administration of the English and later British Empire....
    
    )
  • Governor -
    1. Gwilyum Wyn Jones, Governor of Montserrat
       Governor of Montserrat
       The Governor of Montserrat is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Montserrat. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
       
        (1977–1980)
    2. David Kenneth Hay Dale, Governor of Montserrat
       Governor of Montserrat
       The Governor of Montserrat is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Montserrat. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
       
        (1980–1984)
  • Chief Minister - John Osborne
    John Osborne (politician)
    John Alfred Osborne was a chief minister of Montserrat.He first came to that position in November 1978, as a member of the People's Liberation Movement, and continued until losing legislative council elections on October 10, 1991. By 2001 he had switched parties, joining the New People's...
    
    , Chief Minister of Montserrat
    Chief Minister of Montserrat
    The Chief Minister of Montserrat is the head of government of Montserrat, an island in the Caribbean that is an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, appointed by the Governor of Montserrat on behalf of Queen Elizabeth II, Montserrat's head of state. The current Chief Minister of Montserrat is...
    
     (1978–1991) (constituent country
    Constituent country
    Constituent country is a phrase sometimes used in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity. The term constituent country does not have any defined legal meaning, and is used simply to refer to a country which is a part Constituent country is a phrase sometimes used in contexts...
    
     of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
    Kingdom of the Netherlands
    The Kingdom of the Netherlands is a sovereign state and constitutional monarchy with territory in Western Europe and in the Caribbean. The four parts of the Kingdom—Aruba, Curaçao, the Netherlands, and Sint Maarten—are referred to as "countries", and participate on a basis of equality...
    
    )
  • Governor - Bernadito M. Leito, Governor of the Netherlands Antilles
    Governor of the Netherlands Antilles
    The Governor of the Netherlands Antilles was the representative of the Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Netherlands Antilles and the head of the National Government of the Netherlands Antilles....
    
     (1970–1983)
  • Prime Minister - Dominico Martina, Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles (1979–1984)
•  Nicaragua
  • Head of State - Junta of National Reconstruction
    Junta of National Reconstruction
    The Junta of National Reconstruction officially ruled Nicaragua from July 1979 to January 1985, though effective power was in the hands of the Sandinista National Liberation Front's National Directorate....
    
    , Head of State of Nicaragua
    President of Nicaragua
    The position of President of Nicaragua was created in the Constitution of 1854. From 1825 until the Constitution of 1838 the title of the position was known as Head of State and from 1838 to 1854 as Supreme Director .-Heads of State of Nicaragua within the Federal Republic of Central America...
    
     (1979–1985)
•  Panama
  • De facto leader - Omar Torrijos
    Omar Torrijos
    Omar Efraín Torrijos Herrera was the Commander of the Panamanian and National Guard and the de facto leader of Panama from 1968 to 1981...
    
    , Commandant of the National Guard (1969–1981)
  • President - Aristides Royo
    Aristides Royo
    Aristides Royo Sánchez was President of Panama from October 11, 1978 to July 31, 1982.-History of Panama Presidents:...
    
    , President of Panama (1978–1982) (British associated state)
  • Governor - Sir Probyn Ellsworth-Innis, Governor of Saint Christopher and Nevis (1975–1981)
  • Premier -
    1. Lee Moore, Premier of Saint Christopher and Nevis (1979–1980)
    2. Kennedy Simmonds
       Kennedy Simmonds
       Dr. the Right Honourable Sir Kennedy Alphonse Simmonds was a founding member of the People's Action Movement party. He was Premier of Saint Kitts and Nevis from 21 February 1980, until the twin-island state gained independence from the United Kingdom on 19 September 1983. Upon Independence, he...
       
       , Premier of Saint Christopher and Nevis (1980–1995)
•  Saint Lucia
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Saint Lucia
    Monarchy of Saint Lucia
    The monarchy of Saint Lucia is a system of government in which a hereditary, constitutional monarch is the sovereign of Saint Lucia. The present monarch of Saint Lucia is Queen Elizabeth II. Saint Lucia share the Sovereign with a number of Commonwealth realms...
    
     (1979–present)
  • Governor-General -
    1. Sir Allen Montgomery Lewis
       Allen Montgomery Lewis
       Sir Allen Montgomery Lewis GCMG, GCVO, K.St.J was a barrister and public servant from Saint Lucia who twice served as the country's Governor-General . He was one of the founders and the first president of the Saint Lucia Labour Party in 1950...
       
       , Governor-General of Saint Lucia (1974–1980)
    2. Boswell Williams
       Boswell Williams
       Boswell Williams was a Saint Lucian politician who represented the district of Vieux Fort in the legislature from 1974 to 1979. He was chosen by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom to carry out the position of Governor-General of the island on June 19, 1980, replacing Sir Allen Montgomery...
       
       , Governor-General of Saint Lucia (1980–1982)
  • Prime Minister - Allan Louisy
    Allan Louisy
    Sir Allan Fitzgerald Laurent Louisy, KCMG, PC was the second prime minister of independent St Lucia, following Sir John Compton in office...
    
    , Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (1979–1981) Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Territorial collectivity of France)
  • Prefect - Clément Bouhin, Prefect of Saint Pierre and Miquelon
    Prefect of Saint Pierre and Miquelon
    The prefect of Saint Pierre and Miquelon is the local representative of the President of France and in effect the Governor or Executive officer of the territory.- Overview :...
    
     (1979–1981)
  • President of the General Council - Albert Pen, President of the General Council of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (1968–1984)
•  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
    Monarchy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
    The monarchy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is the constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, forming the core of the country's Westminster-style parliamentary democracy. The Crown is thus is the...
    
     (1979–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Sydney Gun-Munro
    Sydney Gun-Munro
    Sir Sydney Douglas Gun-Munro GCMG, FRCS was Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines...
    
    , Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1976–1985)
  • Prime Minister - Milton Cato
    Milton Cato
    Robert Milton Cato was the first Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and also held the offices Premier of Saint Vincent and Chief Minister of Saint Vincent before independence...
    
    , Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1974–1984)
•  Trinidad and Tobago
  • President - Ellis Clarke
    Ellis Clarke
    Sir Ellis Emmanuel Innocent Clarke, TC, GCMG was the second and last Governor-General of Trinidad and Tobago and the first President of Trinidad and Tobago. Clarke was one of the main architects of Trinidad and Tobago's 1962 Independence constitution.Clarke attended Saint Mary's College, winning...
    
    , President of Trinidad and Tobago
    President of Trinidad and Tobago
    The President of Trinidad and Tobago is the head of state of Trinidad and Tobago, and the commander in chief of its armed forces. The office was established when the country became a republic in 1976, before which the head of state was Queen Elizabeth II...
    
     (1972–1987)
  • Prime Minister - Eric Williams
    Eric Williams
    Eric Eustace Williams served as the first Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago. He served from 1956 until his death in 1981. He was also a noted Caribbean historian, and is widely regarded as "The Father of The Nation."...
    
    , Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (1956–1981) Turks and Caicos Islands
    Turks and Caicos Islands
    The Turks and Caicos Islands are a British Overseas Territory and overseas territory of the European Union consisting of two groups of tropical islands in the Caribbean, the larger Caicos Islands and the smaller Turks Islands, known for tourism and as an offshore financial centre.The Turks and...
    
     (British crown colony
    Crown colony
    A Crown colony, also known in the 17th century as royal colony, was a type of colonial administration of the English and later British Empire....
    
    )
  • Governor - John Clifford Strong
    John Clifford Strong
    John Clifford Strong was Governor of the Turks and Caicos from August 1978 to September 1982. Strong was succeeded by Christopher J. Turner in October 1982.-References:...
    
    , Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands
    Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands
    The Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Turks and Caicos Islands. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
    
     (1978–1982)
  • Chief Minister -
    1. James Alexander George Smith McCartney
       James Alexander George Smith McCartney
       James Alexander George Smith McCartney also known as J. A. G. S. McCartney or "Jags" McCartney was a politician from the Turks and Caicos Islands...
       
       , Chief Minister of Turks and Caicos Islands
       Premier of the Turks and Caicos Islands
       This is a list of Chief Ministers and Premiers of the Turks and Caicos Islands.-Chief Ministers of the Turks and Caicos Islands:-Premiers of the Turks and Caicos Islands:...
       
        (1976–1980)
    2. Oswald Skippings
       Oswald Skippings
       Oswald O'Neil Skippings is a politician from the Turks and Caicos Islands. He served as the island territory's Chief Minister from 19 June 1980 to November 1980 and again from 3 March 1988 to April 1991....
       
       , Chief Minister of Turks and Caicos Islands
       Premier of the Turks and Caicos Islands
       This is a list of Chief Ministers and Premiers of the Turks and Caicos Islands.-Chief Ministers of the Turks and Caicos Islands:-Premiers of the Turks and Caicos Islands:...
       
        (1980)
    3. Norman Saunders
       Norman Saunders (politician)
       Norman B. Saunders is a former politician from the Turks and Caicos Islands. He served as the island territory's Chief Minister until March 1985, when he was arrested in Miami...
       
       , Chief Minister of Turks and Caicos Islands
       Premier of the Turks and Caicos Islands
       This is a list of Chief Ministers and Premiers of the Turks and Caicos Islands.-Chief Ministers of the Turks and Caicos Islands:-Premiers of the Turks and Caicos Islands:...
       
        (1980–1985)
•  United States
  • President - Jimmy Carter
    Jimmy Carter
    James Earl "Jimmy" Carter, Jr. is an American politician who served as the 39th President of the United States and was the recipient of the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize, the only U.S. President to have received the Prize after leaving office...
    
    , President of the United States
    President of the United States
    The President of the United States of America is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces....
    
     (1977–1981)
  •  Puerto Rico (Commonwealth
    Commonwealth (United States insular area)
    In the terminology of the United States insular areas, a Commonwealth is a type of organized but unincorporated dependent territory.The definition of "Commonwealth" according to current U.S. State Department policy reads: "The term 'Commonwealth' does not describe or provide for any specific...
    
     of the United States)
    • Governor - Carlos Romero Barceló
      Carlos Romero Barceló
      Carlos Antonio Romero Barceló is a Puerto Rican politician who served as the fifth Governor of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the second governor to be elected from the New Progressive Party and also Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico from 1993 to 2001, making him one of the more successful...
      
      , Governor of Puerto Rico
      Governor of Puerto Rico
      The Governor of Puerto Rico is the Head of Government of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Since 1948, the Governor has been elected by the people of Puerto Rico...
      
       (1977–1985)
  •  United States Virgin Islands (Insular area
    Insular area
    An insular area is a United States territory, that is neither a part of one of the fifty U.S. states nor the District of Columbia, the federal district of the United States...
    
     of the United States)
    • Governor - Juan Francisco Luis
      Juan Francisco Luis
      Juan Francisco Luis was a U.S. Virgin Island politician who served as the third elected Governor of the U.S. Virgin Islands and the territory's 23rd Governor overall. Luis assumed the governorship on January 2, 1978, succeeding Governor Cyril King, who died in office...
      
      , Governor of US Virgin Islands (1978–1987)

Oceania

• • Governor - Peter Tali Coleman
    Peter Tali Coleman
    Peter Tali Coleman was the first person of Samoan descent to be appointed governor of American Samoa and later became the territory's first popularly elected governor. A member of the Republican Party, he is the only U.S...
    
    , Governor of American Samoa (1978–1985)
•  Australia
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Australia (1952–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Zelman Cowen
    Zelman Cowen
    Sir Zelman Cowen, was the 19th Governor-General of Australia. He is currently the oldest living former Governor-General of Australia.-Early life:...
    
    , Governor-General of Australia
    Governor-General of Australia
    The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia is the representative in Australia at federal/national level of the Australian monarch . He or she exercises the supreme executive power of the Commonwealth...
    
     (1977–1982)
  • Prime Minister - Malcolm Fraser
    Malcolm Fraser
    John Malcolm Fraser AC, CH, GCL, PC is a former Australian Liberal Party politician who was the 22nd Prime Minister of Australia. He came to power in the 1975 election following the dismissal of the Whitlam Labor government, in which he played a key role...
    
    , Prime Minister of Australia
    Prime Minister of Australia
    The Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Australia is the highest minister of the Crown, leader of the Cabinet and Head of Her Majesty's Australian Government, holding office on commission from the Governor-General of Australia. The office of Prime Minister is, in practice, the most powerful...
    
     (1975–1983)
  •  Australia Christmas Island
    Christmas Island
    The Territory of Christmas Island is a territory of Australia in the Indian Ocean. It is located northwest of the Western Australian city of Perth, south of the Indonesian capital, Jakarta, and ENE of the Cocos Islands....
    
     (external territory of Australia)
    • Administrator -
      1. F.C. Boyle, Administrator of Christmas Island (1977–1980)
      2. Rendle McNeilage Holten, Administrator of Christmas Island (1980–1982)
  •  Australia Cocos (Keeling) Islands
    Cocos (Keeling) Islands
    The Territory of the Cocos Islands, also called Cocos Islands and Keeling Islands, is a territory of Australia, located in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Christmas Island and approximately midway between Australia and Sri Lanka....
    
     (external territory of Australia)
    • Administrator - Charles Ivens Buffett, Administrator of Cocos (Keeling) Islands (1977–1981)
    • Council Chairman - Parson bin Yapat, Chairman of the Cocos Islands Council (1979–1981)
  •  Norfolk Island (self-governing territory of Australia)
    • Administrator - Peter Coleman
      Peter Coleman
      William Peter Coleman is an Australian writer/journalist, former politician and Minister of the Crown in the cabinets of Tom Lewis and Sir Eric Willis. Following Willis' resignation as leader he was made Leader of the New South Wales Opposition...
      
      , Administrator of Norfolk Island (1979–1981)
    • Chief Minister - David Buffett
      David Buffett
      David Ernest Buffett AM is a political figure from the Australian territory of Norfolk Island. He is the current Chief Minister of Norfolk Island since March 2010, a position he has held on three previous occasions...
      
      , Chief Minister of Norfolk Island (1979–1986) Fiji
      Dominion of Fiji
      The Dominion of Fiji, also known simply as Fiji, was a predecessor to modern-day Fiji and an independent state and that existed between October 1970 and 26 October 1987....
      
      
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Fiji (1970–1987)
  • Governor-General - Ratu Sir George Cakobau
    George Cakobau
    Ratu Sir George Kadavulevu Cakobau, GCMG, GCVO, OBE was Governor General of Fiji from 1973 to 1983. A great-grandson of Ratu Seru Epenisa Cakobau, the King of Bau who had unified all the tribes of Fiji under his reign in the mid-1800s and subsequently ceded the islands to the United Kingdom in...
    
    , Governor-General of Fiji
    Governor-General of Fiji
    Fiji became a British Crown Colony in 1874, and an independent dominion in the Commonwealth in 1970. Queen Elizabeth II remained the Head of State, holding the title of Queen of Fiji until 1987, when she formally abdicated following two military coups...
    
     (1973–1983)
  • Prime Minister - Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara
    Kamisese Mara
    Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, CF, GCMG, KBE is considered the founding father of the modern nation of Fiji. He was Chief Minister from 1967 to 1970, when Fiji gained its independence from the United Kingdom, and, apart from one brief interruption in 1987, the first Prime Minister from 1970 to 1992...
    
    , Prime Minister of Fiji (1967–1987) French Polynesia
    French Polynesia
    French Polynesia is an overseas country of the French Republic . It is made up of several groups of Polynesian islands, the most famous island being Tahiti in the Society Islands group, which is also the most populous island and the seat of the capital of the territory...
    
     (French overseas territory)
  • High Commissioner - Paul Cousseran, High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia (1977–1981) (Insular area
    Insular area
    An insular area is a United States territory, that is neither a part of one of the fifty U.S. states nor the District of Columbia, the federal district of the United States...
    
     of the United States)
  • Governor - Paul McDonald Calvo
    Paul McDonald Calvo
    Paul McDonald Calvo is a Guamanian politician. He was the third elected Governor of Guam. Calvo was born in Agana and attended George Washington High School in Guam. He then attended the Peacock Military Academy and Santa Clara University...
    
    , Governor of Guam (1979–1983)
•  Kiribati
  • President - Ieremia Tabai
    Ieremia Tabai
    Sir Ieremia Tienang Tabai GCMG AO was the first President of Kiribati. He had been described as being the most able leader of the Pacific island states....
    
    , President of Kiribati
    President of Kiribati
    The President of Kiribati is the head of state and head of government of Kiribati.Following a general election, by which citizens elect the members of the House of Assembly, members select from their midst "not less than 3 nor more than 4 candidates" for the presidency. No other person may stand...
    
     (1979–1982)
•  Nauru
  • President - Hammer DeRoburt
    Hammer DeRoburt
    Hammer DeRoburt, KBE was the founding President of the Republic of Nauru, and ruled the country for most of its first twenty years of independence.-Background and early career:...
    
    , President of Nauru
    President of Nauru
    The President of Nauru is elected by Parliament from amongst its members. He is both the head of state and head of government of Nauru. Nauru's unicameral Parliament has 18 members, with an electoral term of 3 years. Political parties only play a minor role in Nauru politics, and there has often...
    
     (1978–1986) (French overseas territory)
  • High Commissioner - Claude Charbonniaud, High Commissioner of New Caledonia (1978–1981)
•  New Zealand
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand
    Monarchy in New Zealand
    The monarchy of New Zealand also referred to as The Crown in Right of New Zealand, Her Majesty in Right of New Zealand, or The Queen in Right of New Zealand is the constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of the Realm of New Zealand,...
    
      (1952–present)
  • Governor-General -
    1. Sir Keith Holyoake
       Keith Holyoake
       Sir Keith Jacka Holyoake, KG, GCMG, CH, QSO, KStJ was a New Zealand politician. The only person to have been both Prime Minister and Governor-General of New Zealand, Holyoake was National Party Prime Minister from 20 September 1957 to 12 December 1957, then again from 12 December 1960 to 7...
       
       , Governor-General of New Zealand
       Governor-General of New Zealand
       The Governor-General of New Zealand is the representative of the monarch of New Zealand . The Governor-General acts as the Queen's vice-regal representative in New Zealand and is often viewed as the de facto head of state....
       
        (1977–1980)
    2. Sir Ronald Davison
       Ronald Davison
       Sir Ronald Keith Davison, GBE, CMG, QC was the tenth Chief Justice of New Zealand from 1978 to 1989.Sir Ronald headed the government inquiry into certain matters related to overseas company taxation, popularly known as the Winebox Inquiry. This involved allegations against a number of parties...
       
       , Administrator of the Government of New Zealand (1980)
    3. Sir David Beattie
       David Beattie
       -External links:*...
       
       , Governor-General of New Zealand
       Governor-General of New Zealand
       The Governor-General of New Zealand is the representative of the monarch of New Zealand . The Governor-General acts as the Queen's vice-regal representative in New Zealand and is often viewed as the de facto head of state....
       
        (1980–1985)
  • Prime Minister - Robert Muldoon
    Robert Muldoon
    Sir Robert David "Rob" Muldoon, GCMG, CH served as the 31st Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1975 to 1984, as leader of the governing National Party. Muldoon had been a prominent member of the National party and MP for the Tamaki electorate for some years prior to becoming leader of the party...
    
    , Prime Minister of New Zealand
    Prime Minister of New Zealand
    The Prime Minister of New Zealand is New Zealand's head of government consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the Parliament of New Zealand...
    
     (1972–1984)
  •  Cook Islands (Associated state
    Associated state
    An associated state is the minor partner in a formal, free relationship between a political territory with a degree of statehood and a nation, for which no other specific term, such as protectorate, is adopted...
    
     of New Zealand)
    • Queen's Representative - Sir Gaven Donne
      Gaven Donne
      Sir Gaven John Donne, KBE, was a New Zealand-born former Chief Justice of Samoa, Niue, the Cook Islands, Nauru and Tuvalu....
      
      , Queen's Representative of the Cook Islands
      Queen's Representative
      The Queen's Representative is the formal title given to the representative of Queen Elizabeth II, as Queen of New Zealand, in the Cook Islands....
      
       (1975–1984)
    • Prime Minister - Tom Davis, Prime Minister of the Cook Islands
      Prime Minister of the Cook Islands
      The Prime Minister of the Cook Islands is the official rsponsible for heading Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II's government in the Cook Islands, a self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand. The office was established in 1965, when self-government was first granted to the islands...
      
       (1978–1983)
  •  Niue (associated state
    Associated state
    An associated state is the minor partner in a formal, free relationship between a political territory with a degree of statehood and a nation, for which no other specific term, such as protectorate, is adopted...
    
     of New Zealand)
    • Premier - Robert Rex
      Robert Rex
      Sir Robert Richmond Rex, KBE, CMG, was Premier of the Pacific island state of Niue from its establishment as a self-governing territory 19 October 1974 until his death in 1992...
      
      , Premier of Niue
      Premier of Niue
      The Premier of Niue is Niue's head of government. He or she is elected by the Niue Assembly, and forms a Cabinet consisting of him- or herself and three other members of the Assembly....
      
       (1974–1992)
  •  New Zealand Tokelau
    Tokelau
    Tokelau is a territory of New Zealand in the South Pacific Ocean that consists of three tropical coral atolls with a combined land area of 10 km2 and a population of approximately 1,400...
    
     (dependent territory
    Dependent territory
    A dependent territory, dependent area or dependency is a territory that does not possess full political independence or sovereignty as a State, and remains politically outside of the controlling state's integral area....
    
     of New Zealand)
    • Administrator - Frank Corner
      Frank Corner
      Frank Corner, CMG, FRSA, is a New Zealand diplomat. Corner served as New Zealand's Ambassador to the United Nations and the United States, before becoming New Zealand's third Permanent Secretary of Foreign Affairs.-Early life:...
      
      , Administrator of Tokelau (1975–1984)
•  Papua New Guinea
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Papua New Guinea (1975–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Tore Lokoloko
    Tore Lokoloko
    Sir Tore Lokoloko GCL, GCMG, GCVO, OBE was the second Governor-General of Papua New Guinea from 1977 to 1983. He was Governor-General during Queen Elizabeth's Silver Jubilee visit to the country, when he was appointed GCVO and GCMG....
    
    , Governor-General of Papua New Guinea
    Governor-General of Papua New Guinea
    The Governor-General of Papua New Guinea is the viceregal representative of Queen Elizabeth II, known in Tok Pisin as 'Missis Kwin', Papua New Guinea's head of state, performing the duties of the Queen in her absence...
    
     (1977–1983)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Michael Somare
       Michael Somare
       Sir Michael Thomas Somare, GCL, GCMG, CH, CF, KStJ, MP was Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea from 2002 to 2011; he had previously been Prime Minister from independence in 1975 until 1980 and again from 1982 until 1985. Somare's first two terms were as a member of the Pangu Party, but he then...
       
       , Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
       Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
       The Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea, is Papua New Guinea's head of government, consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the National Parliament. Since 2 August 2011, the Prime Minister has been Peter O’Neill of the People's National Congress Party.-List...
       
        (1972–1980)
    2. Sir Julius Chan
       Julius Chan
       Sir Julius Chan GCL GCMG KBE was Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea from 1980 to 1982 and from 1994 to 1997. He is currently Member of Parliament for New Ireland Province, having won the seat in the 2007 national election...
       
       , Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
       Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
       The Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea, is Papua New Guinea's head of government, consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the National Parliament. Since 2 August 2011, the Prime Minister has been Peter O’Neill of the People's National Congress Party.-List...
       
        (1980–1982) Pitcairn Islands
       Pitcairn Islands
       The Pitcairn Islands , officially named the Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands, form a group of four volcanic islands in the southern Pacific Ocean. The islands are a British Overseas Territory and overseas territory of the European Union in the Pacific...
       
        (British crown colony
       Crown colony
       A Crown colony, also known in the 17th century as royal colony, was a type of colonial administration of the English and later British Empire....
       
       )
  • Governor -
    1. Sir Harold Smedley, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands
       Governor of the Pitcairn Islands
       The Governor of the Pitcairn Islands is the representative of the British crown in the Pitcairn Islands, which are the last remaining British territory in the Pacific Ocean...
       
        (1976–1980)
    2. Sir Richard Stratton, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands
       Governor of the Pitcairn Islands
       The Governor of the Pitcairn Islands is the representative of the British crown in the Pitcairn Islands, which are the last remaining British territory in the Pacific Ocean...
       
        (1980–1984)
  • Magistrate - Ivan Christian
    Ivan Christian
    Ivan Roa Christian is a former politician from Pitcairn. He was the Chief Magistrate of Pitcairn Island from 1976 to 1984. As his surname suggests, he is descended from the original mutineers who settled the island, led by Fletcher Christian...
    
    , Magistrate of the Pitcairn Islands (1975–1984)
•  Solomon Islands
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of the Solomon Islands
    Monarch of the Solomon Islands
    The monarchy of the Solomon Islands is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of the Solomon Islands. The present monarch of the Solomon Islands is Queen Elizabeth II. The Solomon Islands share the Sovereign with a number of Commonwealth realms...
    
     (1978–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Baddeley Devesi
    Baddeley Devesi
    Sir Baddeley Devesi GCMG, GCVO is a Solomon Islander politician.He was born in Guadalcanal. He served as the first Governor-General of the Solomon Islands from July 7, 1978 to July 7, 1988...
    
    , Governor-General of the Solomon Islands
    Governor-General of the Solomon Islands
    The Governor-General of Solomon Islands is the representative of the Queen of Solomon Islands, Elizabeth II. The Queen does not reside in the islands, and so the Governor-General serves as the country's de facto head of state in her absence....
    
     (1978–1988)
  • Prime Minister - Peter Kenilorea
    Peter Kenilorea
    Sir Peter Kenilorea KBE is a Solomon Islands politician, officially styled The Rt. Hon. Sir Peter Kenilorea as a member of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom....
    
    , Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands
    Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands
    The Prime Minister of Solomon Islands is Solomon Islands' head of government, consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the National Parliament. Solomon Islands is a Commonwealth realm. Since August 2010, the Prime Minister has been Danny Philip of the Reform...
    
     (1976–1981)
•  Tonga
  • Monarch - Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, King of Tonga (1965–2006)
  • Prime Minister - Prince Fatafehi Tu'ipelehake
    Tu'i Pelehake (Fatafehi)
    Sione Ngū Manumataongo Tukuʻaho , also known as HRH Prince Fatafehi Tu'ipelehake, was the youngest son of Sālote Tupou III and was educated in Tonga and Australia. Tu'ipelehake is a traditional high ranking Tongan title....
    
    , Prime Minister of Tonga
    Prime Minister of Tonga
    This is a list of Prime Ministers of Tonga from the establishment of that office in 1876 until the present day.-List of Premiers/Prime Ministers of Tonga :-External links:*...
    
     (1965–1991) (UN Trust Territory
    United Nations Trust Territories
    United Nations trust territories were the successors of the remaining League of Nations mandates and came into being when the League of Nations ceased to exist in 1946. All of the trust territories were administered through the UN Trusteeship Council...
    
     administered by the United States)
  • High Commissioner - Adrian P. Winkel, High Commissioner of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
    High Commissioner of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
    The following is a list of the High Commissioners of the United Nations Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, administered by the United States.-Military Governors:*John H. Hoover...
    
     (1977–1981)
  •  Northern Mariana Islands (autonomous territory)
    • Governor - Carlos S. Camacho
      Carlos S. Camacho
      Carlos Sablan Camacho was the first elected Governor of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, a commonwealth of the United States.-Biography:...
      
      , Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (1978–1982)

• • • President - Amata Kabua
      Amata Kabua
      Amata Kabua was the first President of the Marshall Islands from 1979 to 1996 ....
      
      , President of the Marshall Islands
      President of the Marshall Islands
      -List of Presidents of the Marshall Islands:...
      
       (1979–1996)
  •  Federated States of Micronesia (autonomous territory)
    • President - Tosiwo Nakayama
      Tosiwo Nakayama
      Tosiwo Nakayama was the first President of the Federated States of Micronesia. He served two terms from 1979 until 1987....
      
      , President of the Federated States of Micronesia
      President of the Federated States of Micronesia
      The following is a list of the Presidents of the Federated States of Micronesia:-See also:*High Commissioner of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands...
      
       (1979–1987) Tuvalu
      Tuvalu
      Tuvalu , formerly known as the Ellice Islands, is a Polynesian island nation located in the Pacific Ocean, midway between Hawaii and Australia. Its nearest neighbours are Kiribati, Nauru, Samoa and Fiji. It comprises four reef islands and five true atolls...
      
      
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Tuvalu (1978–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Fiatau Penitala Teo
    Fiatau Penitala Teo
    Sir Fiatau Penitala Teo was a political figure from the Pacific nation of Tuvalu.-Background:When plans for Tuvalu, the former Ellice Islands colony, to become independent of the United Kingdom, the people of Tuvalu decided to retain Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state, and the post of...
    
    , Governor-General of Tuvalu
    Governor-General of Tuvalu
    The Governor-General of Tuvalu is the representative of Queen Elizabeth II as Queen of Tuvalu, the nation's Head of State, and performs the duties of the Queen in her absence.-History:...
    
     (1978–1986)
  • Prime Minister - Toaripi Lauti
    Toaripi Lauti
    Sir Toaripi Lauti, GCMG, PC was born Toalipi Lauti on November 28, 1928.-Pre-Independence career:He was the chief minister of Tuvalu, the former Ellice Islands, from October 2, 1975 to October 1, 1978. The Tuvalu archipelago, located about halfway between Australia and Hawaii, consists of six...
    
    , Prime Minister of Tuvalu
    Prime Minister of Tuvalu
    The Prime Minister of Tuvalu is the head of government of Tuvalu. According to Tuvalu's constitution, the Prime Minister must always be a member of Parliament, and is elected by Parliament in a secret ballot. Because there are no political parties in Tuvalu, any member of Parliament can be...
    
     (1975–1981)  Vanuatu -
  • the New Hebrides
    New Hebrides
    New Hebrides was the colonial name for an island group in the South Pacific that now forms the nation of Vanuatu. The New Hebrides were colonized by both the British and French in the 18th century shortly after Captain James Cook visited the islands...
    
     gained independence on 30 July 1980
  • British Resident Commissioner - Andrew Stuart (1978–1980)
  • French Resident Commissioner - Jean-Jacques Robert (1978–1980)
  • President - Ati George Sokomanu
    Ati George Sokomanu
    Ati George Sokomanu, MBE is a Ni-Vanuatu politician who served as the first president of the country. He was elected President by the Parliament when Vanuatu gained independence in 1980, and served until the end of his term in 1984...
    
    , President of Vanuatu
    President of Vanuatu
    The President of Vanuatu is the head of state of Vanuatu. The President is elected for a five-year term by an electoral college consisting of Parliament and the presidents of the regional councils.The President's role is mostly ceremonial...
    
     (1980–1984)
  • Prime Minister - Walter Lini
    Walter Lini
    Father Walter Hadye Lini was an Anglican priest and the founding Prime Minister of Vanuatu. He was born on Pentecost Island. During the era when Vanuatu was a condominium ruled by the United Kingdom and France, Lini formed the Vanua'aku Pati, which was principally backed by English-speakers...
    
    , Prime Minister of Vanuatu (1979–1991) (French overseas territory)
  • Administrator-Superior -
    1. Pierre Isaac, Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna
       Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna
       The Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna is the representative of the President of the French Republic in Wallis and Futuna. The current Administrator is Michel Jeanjean...
       
        (1979–1980)
    2. Robert Thil, Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna
       Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna
       The Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna is the representative of the President of the French Republic in Wallis and Futuna. The current Administrator is Michel Jeanjean...
       
        (1980–1983)
  • President of the Territorial Assembly - Manuele Lisiahi, President of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna
    Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna
    Wallis and Futuna elects on territorial level a legislature. The Territorial Assembly has 20 members, elected for a five year term by proportional representation in multi-seat constituencies....
    
     (1978–1984)
•  Samoa
  • Head of State - Malietoa Tanumafili II, O le Ao o le Malo of Western Samoa
    O le Ao o le Malo
    O le Ao o le Malo is the Samoan head of state, which is the title's rough translation....
    
     (1962–2007)
  • Prime Minister - Tufuga Efi, Prime Minister of Western Samoa (1976–1982)

South America

•  Argentina
  • President - Jorge Rafael Videla
    Jorge Rafael Videla
    Jorge Rafael Videla Redondo is a former senior commander in the Argentine Army who was the de facto President of Argentina from 1976 to 1981. He came to power in a coup d'état that deposed Isabel Martínez de Perón...
    
    , President of Argentina (1976–1981)
•  Bolivia
  • President -
    1. Lidia Gueiler Tejada
       Lidia Gueiler Tejada
       Lidia Gueiler Tejada was the first female President of Bolivia, serving in an interim capacity from 1979 to 1980...
       
       , Acting President of Bolivia
       President of Bolivia
       The President of Bolivia is head of state and head of government of Bolivia. According to the current Constitution, the president is elected by popular vote to a five year term, renewable once...
       
        (1979–1980)
    2. Junta of Commanders
       Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1980 (Bolivia)
       The Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces was a military junta which ruled Bolivia for the date of July 18, 1980 after the overthrow of President Lidia Gueiler Tejada on July 17, 1980....
       
       , Head of State of Bolivia
       President of Bolivia
       The President of Bolivia is head of state and head of government of Bolivia. According to the current Constitution, the president is elected by popular vote to a five year term, renewable once...
       
        (1980)
    3. Luis García Meza Tejada
       Luis García Meza Tejada
       Luis García Meza Tejada is a former Bolivian dictator. A native of La Paz, he was a career military officer who rose to the rank of general during the reign of dictator Hugo Banzer...
       
       , President of Bolivia
       President of Bolivia
       The President of Bolivia is head of state and head of government of Bolivia. According to the current Constitution, the president is elected by popular vote to a five year term, renewable once...
       
        (1980–1981)
•   Brazil
  • President - João Figueiredo, President of Brazil (1979–1985)
•  Chile
  • President - Augusto Pinochet
    Augusto Pinochet
    Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte, more commonly known as Augusto Pinochet , was a Chilean army general and dictator who assumed power in a coup d'état on 11 September 1973...
    
    , President of Chile
    President of Chile
    The President of the Republic of Chile is both the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Chile. The President is responsible of the government and state administration...
    
     (1973–1990)
•  Colombia
  • President - Julio César Turbay Ayala
    Julio César Turbay Ayala
    Julio César Turbay Ayala was a Colombian politician, member of the Colombian Liberal Party, elected president of the Senate of Colombia and and, was president of Colombia from 1978 to 1982.- Biographic data :...
    
    , President of Colombia (1978–1982)
•  Ecuador
  • President - Jaime Roldós Aguilera
    Jaime Roldós Aguilera
    Jaime Roldós Aguilera was President of Ecuador from 10 August 1979 to 24 May 1981. In his short tenure, he became known for his firm stance on human rights. His death in a plane crash gave rise to speculation of involvement by the United States government in the accident.-Early life and...
    
    , President of Ecuador (1979–1981) (British crown colony
    Crown colony
    A Crown colony, also known in the 17th century as royal colony, was a type of colonial administration of the English and later British Empire....
    
    )
  • Governor -
    1. Sir James Roland Walter Parker, Governor of the Falkland Islands
       Governor of the Falkland Islands
       The Governor of the Falkland Islands is the representative of the British Crown in the Falkland Islands, acting "in Her Majesty's name and on Her Majesty's behalf" as the islands' de facto head of state in the absence of the British monarch...
       
        (1977–1980)
    2. Rex Hunt, Governor of the Falkland Islands
       Governor of the Falkland Islands
       The Governor of the Falkland Islands is the representative of the British Crown in the Falkland Islands, acting "in Her Majesty's name and on Her Majesty's behalf" as the islands' de facto head of state in the absence of the British monarch...
       
        (1980–1982)
•  Guyana
  • President -
    1. Arthur Chung
       Arthur Chung
       Arthur Chung was a President of Guyana from 1970 to 1980. He was the first ethnic Chinese head of state in a non-Asian country...
       
       , President of Guyana (1970–1980)
    2. Forbes Burnham
       Forbes Burnham
       Linden Forbes Sampson Burnham was the leader of Guyana from 1964 until his death, first as Premier from 1964 to 1966, then as the Prime Minister from 1966 to 1980 and finally as President from 1980 to 1985....
       
       , President of Guyana (1980–1985)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Forbes Burnham
       Forbes Burnham
       Linden Forbes Sampson Burnham was the leader of Guyana from 1964 until his death, first as Premier from 1964 to 1966, then as the Prime Minister from 1966 to 1980 and finally as President from 1980 to 1985....
       
       , Prime Minister of Guyana (1964–1980)
    2. Ptolemy Reid
       Ptolemy Reid
       Dr. Ptolemy Alexander Reid was a Guyanese veterinarian and politician who served as Prime Minister of Guyana from 1980 to 1984....
       
       , Prime Minister of Guyana (1980–1984)
•  Paraguay
  • President - Alfredo Stroessner
    Alfredo Stroessner
    Alfredo Stroessner Matiauda, whose name is also spelled Strössner or Strößner , was a Paraguayan military officer and dictator from 1954 to 1989...
    
    , President of Paraguay (1954–1989)
•  Peru
  • Head of State -
    1. Francisco Morales Bermúdez
       Francisco Morales Bermúdez
       Francisco Morales Bermúdez Cerruti is a Peruvian general who came to power in Peru in 1975 after deposing his predecessor, General Juan Velasco. His grandfather and all his original family were from the old Peruvian department of Tarapacá, which is now part of the Chilean territory...
       
       , President of the Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru (1975–1980)
    2. Fernando Belaúnde Terry
       Fernando Belaúnde Terry
       Fernando Belaúnde Terry was President of Peru for two non-consecutive terms . Deposed by a military coup in 1968, he was re-elected in 1980 after eleven years of military rule...
       
       , President of Peru (1980–1985)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Pedro Richter Prada
       Pedro Richter Prada
       Pedro Richter Prada is a Peruvian politician who was the prime minister of Peru from 31 January, 1979 until 28 July, 1980 . On December 28, 2007, the Italian government issued an arrest warrant for Pedro Richter Prada, for the disappearance of 25 Italian citizens in the 1970s.- References :...
       
       , President of the council of ministers of Peru (1979–1980)
    2. Manuel Ulloa Elías, President of the council of ministers of Peru (1980–1982)
•  Suriname
  • De facto leader - Dési Bouterse
    Dési Bouterse
    Desiré Delano "Dési" Bouterse is the 9th and current President of Suriname.As an army officer, he was the de facto leader of Suriname through most of the 1980s, serving as Chairman of the National Military Council...
    
    , Chairman of the National Military Council (1980–1988)
  • President -
    1. Johan Ferrier
       Johan Ferrier
       Johan Henri Eliza Ferrier was a Surinamese politician who served as the 1st President of Suriname from November 25, 1975, until August 13, 1980. He was that country's last governor before independence, from 1968 to 1975, and first president after it gained independence from the Netherlands...
       
       , President of Suriname
       President of Suriname
       The President of the Republic of Suriname is, in accordance with the Constitution of 1987, the head of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of Suriname....
       
        (1968–1980)
    2. Hendrick Chin A Sen, President of Suriname
       President of Suriname
       The President of the Republic of Suriname is, in accordance with the Constitution of 1987, the head of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of Suriname....
       
        (1980–1982)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Henck Arron
       Henck Arron
       Henck Alphonsus Eugène Arron was the Prime Minister of Suriname from 24 December 1973 to 25 February 1980, when he was overthrown in a military coup d'état by Dési Bouterse...
       
       , Prime Minister of Suriname (1973–1980)
    2. Hendrick Chin A Sen, Prime Minister of Suriname (1980–1982)
•  Uruguay
  • President - Aparicio Méndez
    Aparicio Méndez
    Aparicio Méndez Manfredini , was a Uruguayan political figure. He was a de facto President of Uruguay from 1976–1981. As a non-democratically elected authority of the Civic-military dictatorship .-Background:...
    
    , President of Uruguay (1976–1981)
•  Venezuela
  • President - Luis Herrera Campins
    Luis Herrera Campins
    Luis Antonio Herrera Campins was President of Venezuela from 1979 to 1984. He was elected to one five-year term in 1978. He was a member of the COPEI party.- Early Life and career:...
    
    , President of Venezuela (1979–1984)